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中考英语考点一遍过 考点27 完形填空之议论文 试卷
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中考英语总复习方法指导
中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。
中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。
通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。
第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。
复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
考点27 完形填空之议论文
议论文一般缺乏趣味性，所以在中考中出现的频率不是很高，但是也偶有出现，因此对于这类题材的文章的特点及解题的关键考生也应该有适当的了解。
二、解题方法：
1. 完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
2. 第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一两遍，直到明确大意为止。
3. 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见森林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。
因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4. 每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其他三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。
5. 动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
(一)
Not only adults but also teenagers have problems in their life. Here is a survey showing the main problems of ___1___.
They feel stressed because they have ___2___ homework to do both at school and at home. They have lots of exams ___3___. And their parents usually send them ___4___ different classes at weekends. As a result, so many of them almost become bookworms(书呆子) . On holidays, they could hardly have ___5___ time to do what they are interested in. Now more and more teenagers ___6___ short-sighted.
They often read in bed or keep ___7___ for a long time without having a rest. Some of them are crazy about playing computer games. Some ___8___ too much time watching TV. ___9___ serious problem among teenagers is that many of them are becoming fat. They eat too much junk food, but they take little exercise.
I think teenagers should think of ways on how to ___10___ the problems. They should make a plan for study and hobbies and find time to relax as much as possible.
1. A. adult B. adults C. teenager D. teenagers
2. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too
3. A. join B. to be taken C. to take D. to join
4. A. to B. for C. of D. in
5. A. our own B. their own C. his own D. they own
6. A. are get B. are getting C. got D. are become
7. A. red B. read C. to read D. reading
8. A. pay B. cost C. spend D. take
9. A. Another B. Other C. Others D. Some
10. A. doing with B. do with C. dealing with D. deal with
(一)
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文，提出了当前青少年群体存在的两大问题：压力大和变胖，并重点分析了压力大的原因，建议青少年应该制订学习和业余爱好的计划，并尽可能多地找到时间来放松。
1. D 【解析】句意：这里有一项调查显示出青少年的主要问题。考查名词辨析题。A. adult成年人；B. adults成年人(复数)；C. teenager青少年；D. teenagers青少年(复数)。根据短文内容，谈论的是青少年压力很大的问题，结合首句Not only adults but also teenagers have problems in their life.句意，可知选D。
2. B 【解析】句意：他们感到压力很大，因为他们在学校和家里有太多的家庭作业要做。考查形容词辨析。homework家庭作业，不可数名词，可由much修饰但不可用many修饰，可排除A、D。much许多的，形容词，可由副词too修饰，即too much太多的，再排除C。根据句意和上下文，故选B。
3. C 【解析】句意：他们有许多考试要参加。考查动词和短语辨析题。join和 take part in 二者都有＂参加＂的意思，但用法有所不同。join加入某党派、组织或社会团体，参军等，强调成为其中的一个成员；而take part in指参加活动。根据句意和英文提示，可知本句指参加考试，故选C。
4. A 【解析】句意：他们的父母通常在周末送他们去不同的班级。考查介词辨析题。A. to向，朝着，到；B. for为，为了；C. of……的，表从属；D. in在……里，表地点。send sb./sth. to送某人/物去……，根据句意，可知选A。
5. B 【解析】句意：他们几乎都没有自己的时间做自己感兴趣的事情。考查代词辨析题。hardly几乎不，表否定。根据后半句to do what they are interested in做他们感兴趣的事，＂他们＂当然需要有＂他们自己的＂空闲时间。备选答案中：our own我们自己的，their own他们自己的，his own他自己的，they own表达错误。故选B。
6. B 【解析】句意：现在越来越多的青少年正变得近视。考查动词时态题。根据下文They often read in bed or keep reading for a long time without having a rest. Some of them are crazy about playing computer games. Some spend too much time watching TV.提示，结合句意可知，很多青少年正在变成近视，需用进行时态，故选B。
7. D 【解析】句意：他们经常躺在床上看书或长时间看书而不休息。考查非谓语动词题。keep doing表示不间断地做某事或持续的状态。根据句意，可知选D。
8. C 【解析】句意：有些人花太多时间看电视。考查动词辨析题。A. pay付钱，和介词for连用，即pay for sth.；B. cost价值，后接数字(钱数)；C. spend花费；D. take拿。几个动词都有＂花费＂的含义，但花时间做某事，常用take和spend，可排除A和B。take后面常接不定式，多用于it takes sb. some time to do sth.；spend后接介词on(可省略)，构成固定短语spend...on...。根据句意和结构，可知选C。
9. A 【解析】句意：青少年的另一个严重问题是他们中的许多人变胖了。A. Another又一个，再一个；B. Other(两个中的)另一个；C. Others别的( other的名词复数 )，其他的；D. Some一些，代词。在英语中，介绍两件事常用one... the other(加the，特指两者中的另一个)和one... another结构。根据文意，当前青少年存在两个问题，一是压力大，另一个就是变胖。结合句意和结构，可知选A。
10. D 【解析】句意：我认为青少年应该想办法解决这些问题。考查动词短语和动词形式辨析。how to do怎么做，是固定短语，to do是不定式，可排除A、C选项。deal with解决，固定短语。根据句意，可知选D。
(二)
An ant is walking by the river. He looks at the river and says to himself. “ 1 nice and cool the water looks! I must drink some of it.” But when he is drinking, he 2 into the river.
“Oh. Help! Help!” the ant cries.
A dove (鸽子) is siting 3 the tree. She hears him and offers him a leaf. “ 4 up that leaf,” she says, “and you will get to the bank.”
The ant climbs up onto the leaf, and the wind blows the leaf to the bank.
“Thank you, dove. You’re so 5 . You have saved my life, and I wish I could do 6 for you. Goodbye!” the ant says and runs home.
“Goodbye!” says the dove, “Be 7 not to fall into the river again.”
After a few days, the dove is building her nest. And a man is raising his gun to kill 8 .
The ant sees this, and runs 9 to bite the man’s leg. “Ouch! Ouch!” The man 10 a terrible pain and drops his gun. The dove flies away quickly. So the man picks up his gun and leaves.
The dove comes to the ant and says, “Thank you, my little friend. You have saved my life.” The little ant is so glad, because he can help the dove.
1．A．Where B．What C．When D．How
2．A．falls B．drives C．looks D．runs
3．A．on B．in C．with D．down
4．A．Get B．Come C．Climb D．Put
5．A．quick B．kind C．patient D．worried
6．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something
7．A．careful B．happy C．easy D．dangerous
8．A．she B．her C．him D．them
9．A．slowly B．off C．fast D．upstairs
10．A．feels B．takes C．causes D．gives
【答案】
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．C
5．B
6．D
7．A
8．B
9．C
10．A
【分析】
这篇短文给我们讲述了一个小故事。一只蚂蚁不小心掉进了水里，被一只鸽子救了。后来在鸽子有危险的时候，蚂蚁又救了鸽子。告诉我们人与人之间要相互帮助。
1．句意：水看起来多么好、多么凉爽啊！
Where在哪里；What什么；When何时；How怎样，多么。这是一个感叹句，“nice and cool”是形容词，符合句型“How+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构，故选D。
2．句意：但是当他喝水的时候，他掉进了河里。
falls掉落；drives驾驶，开车；looks看，看起来；runs跑。根据下文“Help! Help!”可知，蚂蚁掉进了河里，所以喊救命，fall into掉进，固定短语。故选A。
3．句意：一只鸽子正在树上站着。
on在……上面；in在……里面；with和……一起；down向下。on the tree指树叶、果实等生长在树上；in the tree是指其他事物在树上。这里说鸽子在树上，应用in，故选B。
4．句意：她说：“爬到那个树叶上。”
Get得到；Come来；Climb爬；Put放，放置。根据下文“The ant climbs up onto the leaf”可知，此处指的是鸽子让蚂蚁爬到叶子上去，故选C。
5．句意：你太友好了。
quick快的；kind友好的；patient有耐心的；worried担心的。根据下句话“You have saved my life”可知，鸽子救了蚂蚁，所以鸽子是很友好善良的。故选B。
6．句意：你救了我的命，我希望我能为你做些事情。
anything任何事；nothing没什么事；everything一切，每件事；something某事。根据“You have saved my life, and I wish I could do… for you.”结合可知，鸽子救了蚂蚁，蚂蚁希望自己也能为鸽子做一些事，这是一个肯定句，故选D。
7．句意：小心不要再掉到河里了。
careful小心的；happy快乐的；easy容易的；dangerous危险的。根据句意“not to fall into the river again”结合句意可知，鸽子提醒蚂蚁要小心，故选A。
8．句意：一个人正举起枪准备要杀她。
she她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格；him他，人称代词宾格；them他们，人称代词宾格。根据“the dove is building her nest”可知，这个人瞄准的是鸽子，文章中是用she代指的，“kill”动词后跟宾语，所以此处应用宾格her，故选B。
9．句意：那只蚂蚁看到了，迅速跑过去，咬了这个人的腿。
slowly慢地；off离开，脱落；fast快地；upstairs上楼。根据上文“And a man is raising his gun to kill...”可知，这个人正举着枪马上要杀鸽子了，事情很紧急，所以蚂蚁应该赶快跑过去，故选C。
10．句意：这个人感到了剧烈的疼痛，把枪扔掉了。
feels感觉；takes带走；causes导致；gives给。根据上文“The ant sees this…to bite the man's leg”可知，蚂蚁咬了那个人的腿，所以这个人感到疼痛。故选A。
(三)
"Look at the moon," my son shouts excitedly. Our son's best friend joins in the celebration, and soon the whole room is looking out of the window, enjoying this simple sight.
It's not the first time we've 11 our love of the moon as a family. Last time we celebrated as we sat in a taxi after a meaningful day trip. Both our son and little daughter were jumping around with 12 in the back of the cab at the sight of the big golden October harvest moon. The driver couldn't help but join in the simple joy.
In order not to 13 the moon whenever it appears, we even 14 our bedroom to the back of the house. So our son has a 15 from Bath in the East to the Forest in the West. It has paid off as he often now shouts down to us about sunrises, sunsets, rainbows or a storm.
I'm not sure if he knows just 16 this pleases me. At seven, it feels like he is starting to understand more about the rhythm of life, the passing of time, and how it 17 us humans. He knows that the sun doesn't 18 rise in one place, that it travels 19 the sky. He knows that clouds will gather near hills or mountains and a rainbow often 20 rain. It feels like he is developing a 21 connection with the earth through the 22 he spends sitting on his windowsill.
He then understands what he is enjoying is temporary (短暂的). The 23 doesn't stay full for long and rainbows disappear quickly. 24 , he's catching those moments with both 25 and holding them in his arms. And what I love about this the most is that his first thoughts are always to share this joy with those whom he loves.
11．A．shared B．developed C．wanted D．accepted
12．A．hope B．joy C．courage D．peace
13．A．see B．welcome C．lose D．miss
14．A．decorated B．changed C．prepared D．bought
15．A．view B．trip C．dream D．memory
16．A．how long B．how often C．how much D．how
17．A．influences B．tells C．worries D．warns
18．A．really B．even C．just D．ever
19．A．through B．above C．across D．under
20．A．appears B．follows C．invites D．brings
21．A．softer B．harder C．lighter D．deeper
22．A．thoughts B．moments C．efforts D．money
23．A．clouds B．rainbows C．sun D．moon
24．A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Suddenly D．However
25．A．hands B．eyes C．ears D．feet
【答案】
11．A
12．B
13．D
14．B
15．A
16．C
17．A
18．C
19．C
20．B
21．D
22．B
23．D
24．D
25．A
【分析】作者一家十分喜欢月亮，为了帮助孩子们更好地观察月亮，作者甚至改变了卧室位置。随着孩子长大，他逐渐有了自己的想法，但是他始终记得要将欢乐和喜欢的人分享。
11．句意：这已经不是我们第一次作为一家人分享对月亮的爱了。
A. shared分享，B. developed发展，C. wanted想要，D. accepted接受。根据前文的“soon the whole room is looking out of the window, enjoying this simple sight.”可知，大家一起看月亮，因此是在分享对月亮的爱，故选A。
12．句意：我们的儿子和小女儿看到十月丰收的金色大月亮，在出租车的后面高兴地跳来跳去。
A. hope希望，B. joy欢乐，C. courage勇气，D. peace和平。根据后文的“The driver couldn't help but join in the simple joy.”可知，此处指他们很高兴。故选B。
13．句意：为了不错过月亮，我们甚至把卧室搬到了房子的后面。
A. see看见，B. welcome欢迎，C. lose失去，D. miss错过。根据后文的“So our son has a ___5___ from Bath in the East to the Forest in the West.”可知，此处表示不错过月亮。故选D。
14．句意：为了不错过月亮，我们甚至把卧室搬到了房子的后面。
A. decorated装饰，B. changed改变，C. prepared准备，D. bought买。change …to…“更改为”，故选B。
15．句意：所以我们的儿子可以从东边的巴斯看到西边的森林。
A. view风景，B. trip旅行，C. dream梦想，D. memory记忆。根据前文的“In order not to ___3___ the moon whenever it appears,”可知，此处表示看到月亮，have a view “看到”，故选A。
16．句意：我不确定他是否知道这让我有多高兴。
A. how long多长时间，B. how often多久一次，C. how much多少，D. how如何。根据前文的“It has paid off as he often now shouts down to us about sunrises, sunsets, rainbows or a storm.”可知，此处这会让我有多高兴，故选C。
17．句意：7岁时，他似乎开始更多地了解生活的节奏、时间的流逝以及它是如何影响我们人类的。
A. influences影响，B. tells告诉，C. worries担心，D. warns警告。根据后文的“He knows that the sun doesn't ___8___ rise in one place, that it travels ___9___ the sky.”可知，此处表示它对人的影响。故选A。
18．句意：他知道太阳不只是从一个地方升起，而是在天空中穿行。
A. really真正地，B. even甚至，C. just仅仅，D. ever曾经。not just “不仅仅”，故选C。
19．句意：他知道太阳不是从一个地方升起，而是在天空中穿行。
A. through通过，B. above在…...上面，C. across穿过，D. under在……下面。根据“the sun doesn't ___8___ rise in one place”可知，太阳不只是从一个地方升起来，因此在空中穿行。故选C。
20．句意：他知道云会聚集在山丘或山脉附近，雨后常有彩虹。
A. appears出现，B. follows跟随，在……后发生，C. invites邀请，D. brings带来。根据常识，彩虹是在雨后，故选B。
21．句意：当他坐在窗台上的那一刻，他感觉自己正在与大地建立更深的联系。
A. softer更软的，B. harder更努力的，C. lighter更轻的，D. deeper更深的。根据后文的“he's catching those moments with both ___15___ and holding them in his arms.”可知，此处表示要与大地建立更深的联系。故选D。
22．句意：当他坐在窗台上的那一刻，他感觉自己正在与大地建立更深的联系。
A. thoughts思想，B. moments时刻，C. efforts努力，D. money金钱。根据后文的“He then understands what he is enjoying is temporary (短暂的).”可知，此处指的是看月亮的时刻，故选B。
23．句意：月亮不会圆很长时间，彩虹也会很快消失。
A. clouds云，B. rainbows彩虹，C. sun太阳，D. moon月亮。根据“doesn't stay full for long”可知，月亮不会一直是圆的。故选D。
24．句意：然而，他却用双手抓住了这些瞬间，并将它们紧紧地抱在怀里。
A. Moreover而且，B. Otherwise否则，C. Suddenly突然，D. However然而。前半句表示月亮不会圆太久，彩虹会很快消失，后半句表示他会抓住那些时刻，前后表示转折关系，故选D。
25．句意：然而，他却用双手抓住了这些瞬间，并将它们紧紧地抱在怀里。
A. hands手，B. eyes眼睛，C. ears耳朵，D. feet脚。根据“holding them in his arms.”可知，要把它们紧紧抱在怀里，应是先用双手抓住它们。故选A。
(四)
Two brothers worked together on a farm. One was married and had a large family. 26 had no wife yet. Although they lived in different houses, they shared everything they got from their farm.
One day, the single brother said to 27 , “It’s not right that we share all the rice. I’m 28 and I need less than my brother.” So, every night he took a bag of rice from his store-room and 29 across the field 30 their houses, putting it into his brother’s store-room.
At the same time, the married brother thought, “It’s not fair to share all the rice. I’m married and I have my wife and children to 31 me when I am 32 . However, my brother has no one to take care of his future.” So, each night he 33 took a bag of rice and put it into his brother’s store-room.
Several months passed by. They found 34 strange that their rice never became less.
Then, one dark night the two brothers ran into each other. Slowly they began to understand what was happening. Their bags fell onto the ground and tears 35 their eyes at once.
26．A．Other B．The other C．Another
27．A．himself B．his brother C．his children
28．A．poor B．happy C．alone
29．A．go B．goes C．went
30．A．from B．between C．through
31．A．look after B．look for C．look out
32．A．worried B．old C．healthy
33．A．too B．also C．either
34．A．them B．this C．it
35．A．appeared B．filled C．dropped
【答案】
26．B
27．A
28．C
29．C
30．B
31．A
32．B
33．B
34．C
35．B
【分析】
本文讲述的是在农场做工两兄弟。其中一个娶妻生子，另一个独身。由于他们为对方着想，就相互地每晚给对方送一袋大米。几个月后，他们奇怪地发现大米的袋数没有少。直到一个漆黑的夜里他们相遇，才明白了一切，他们的眼里立刻充满的泪水。真是情谊无价。
26．句意：另一个还没有妻子。
Other其他的；The other(两者之中)另一个；Another(三者及以上)另一个。分析文章内容可知，有两兄弟，此处构成“one…the other…”结构，表示“一个……另一个……”。故选B。
27．句意：一天，这个单身的兄弟自言自语道：“我们分享所有的大米是不对的。”
himself他自己；his brother他的兄弟；his children他的孩子。根据后文叙述内容“It’s not right that we share all the rice. I’m 3 and I need less than my brother.”可知，此处是单身的兄弟自言自语说的话。故选A。
28．句意：我孤身一人，我需要比我哥哥更少的东西。
poor贫穷的；happy高兴的；alone独自的。根据“the single brother said to himself”可知，单身的兄弟独自居住，需要的比另一个兄弟少。故选C 。
29．句意：并且穿过他们两个房子之间的田野，存到他兄弟的库里。
go动词原形；goes动词三单；went动词过去式。分析“So, every night he took a bag of rice from his store-room and 4 across the field 5 their houses”可知，此处与and前的took构成并列结构，所以使用过去式形式即可。故选C。
30．句意：并且穿过他们两个房子之间的田野，存到他兄弟的库里。
from从；between在……之间；through通过。根据“So, every night he took a bag of rice from his store-room and 4 across the field 5 their houses”可知，是穿过他们两个房子之间的田野，所以空格处填between。故选B。
31．句意：我结婚了，等我老了，我有妻子和孩子来照顾我。
look after照顾；look for寻找；look out小心。分析上下文并根据“However, my brother has no one to take care of his future.”可知，结婚的这个兄弟就想着当他老了，还有孩子和妻子会照顾他，但是他的兄弟却没人能照顾。故选A。
32．句意：我结婚了，等我老了，我有妻子和孩子来照顾我。
worried担心的；old老的；healthy健康的。根据“However, my brother has no one to take care of his.”可知，单身的那个兄弟没有人关心他的未来，而结婚的这个兄弟老了还有妻子和孩子来照顾他，所以此处强调“老”。故选B。
33．句意：所以，他每天晚上也拿一袋大米，放在他兄弟的储藏室里。
too也，多用于句末；also也，多用于句中；either也，用于否定句句末。分析“So, each night he 8 took a bag of rice and put it into his brother’s store-room.”可知，此处表示“也”，并用于句中行为动词之前，所以用also。故选B。
34．句意：他们感到奇怪的是，他们的大米从未减少过。
them他们；this这个；it它。分析句子可知，此处构成“find it+ adj+ that从句”结构。故选C。
35．句意：他们的包掉在地上，眼泪顿时充满了他们的眼睛。
appeared出现；filled充满；dropped下降。分析上下文可知，兄弟二人知道了彼此的良苦用心，都很感动，所以眼睛满含泪水。故选B。
(一)【2020 •山东省泰安市中考】
It was Thanksgiving. Snow was falling when Bob 41 towards the city park. Bob was deserted(遗弃)by his parents and was raised(抚养)by a kind man. Two years ago, to be 42 , Bob built a tradition. That was to take his Thanksgiving dinner to the park to share with a homeless person.
The park was 43 . Everyone was home enjoying their dinner. After arriving at the park, Bob saw an old woman sitting on a bench(长椅). Bob stopped his car in a parking place and got out. He took the 44 from the front seat and began walking towards her. When he stood beside her, she jumped as if(好像)she had 45 been woken up from sleeping. She looked up 46 Bob, and then her eyes brightened.
“Good evening, madam,” Bob said, smiling. “I’ve brought you some Thanksgiving dinner. Would you like to share it with me?” The woman nodded and Bob served her the food and then watched her 47 she ate happily. When the woman finished, he 48 the table. Then he took twenty dollars out of his wallet.
He put the 49 into her hand. Then he kissed her lightly on the forehead and said, “Thank you for 50 my Thanksgiving dinner.” With that, he took his dishes from the table and returned to the car.
41．A．walked B．drove C．ran
42．A．thankful B．successful C．surprised
43．A．noisy B．crowded C．empty
44．A．flowers B．food C．books
45．A．suddenly B．quietly C．carefully
46．A．after B．to C．at
47．A．because B．as C．since
48．A．cleared B．broke C．covered
49．A．dishes B．money C．keys
50．A．bringing B．cooking C．sharing
【答案】
41．B
42．A
43．C
44．B
45．A
46．C
47．B
48．A
49．B
50．C
【分析】鲍勃被一个好心人收养长大，为了表示感谢，他会在感恩节晚上来到公园，与无家可归的人一起分享感恩节晚餐。
41．句意：鲍勃开车去城市公园的时候正下着雪。
walked步行；drove驾驶；ran跑步。根据下文第二段中“Bob stopped his car in a parking place and got out.”可知，鲍勃是开车去的城市公园，所以此处使用drove。故选B。
42．句意：两年前，为了表示感谢，鲍勃建立了一个传统。
thankful感激的；successful成功的；surprised惊讶的。根据上文中“Bob was deserted(遗弃)by his parents and was raised(抚养)by a kind man.”和下文中“That was to take his Thanksgiving dinner to the park to share with a homeless person.”可知，鲍勃是被一个好心人收养的，他把他的感恩节晚餐带到公园，和一个无家可归的人分享，所以此处使用thankful，表示“为了表示感谢”。故选A。
43．句意：公园里空无一人。
noisy吵闹的；crowded拥挤的；empty空的，无人的。根据下文中“Everyone was home enjoying their dinner.”可知，每个人都在家享用晚餐，所以此处使用empty，表示“公园里空无一人”。故选C。
44．句意：他从前排座位上拿起食物，朝她走去。
flowers花；food食物；books书。根据下文第三段中“I’ve brought you some Thanksgiving dinner.”可知，鲍勃告诉这个女人，他给她买了感恩节晚餐，所以此处使用food，表示“他从前排座位上拿起食物”。故选B。
45．句意：当他站在她身边时，她跳了起来，好像突然从睡梦中醒来。
suddenly突然；quietly静静地；carefully小心地。根据句中jumped可知，此处应使用suddenly，表示“她跳了起来，好像突然从睡梦中醒来”。故选A。
46．句意：她抬头看着鲍勃，然后她的眼睛亮了起来。
after在……之后；to到……；at在。根据上文中“When he stood beside her…”可知，此处使用at，look at看，表示“当鲍勃站在她旁边的时候，她抬头看着鲍勃”。故选C。
47．句意：女人点点头，鲍勃给她端上食物，然后看着她快乐地吃着。
because因为；as当……时候；since自从。根据句中“she ate happily”可知，此处使用as，表示“当这个女人快乐地吃着食物的时候，鲍勃看着她”。故选B。
48．句意：当那个女人吃完后，他清理了桌子。
cleared清理；broke破坏；covered覆盖。根据句中table可知，此处使用cleared，表示“当那个女人吃完后，他清理了桌子”。故选A。
49．句意：他把这钱放在她手里。
dishes菜肴；money钱；keys钥匙。根据上文中“Then he took twenty dollars out of his wallet.”可知，鲍勃从他的钱包里拿出了20美元，所以此处使用money，表示“他把这钱放在这个女人手里”。故选B。
50．句意：然后他轻轻地吻了她的额头，说：“谢谢你分享我的感恩节晚餐”。
bringing带来；cooking烹饪；sharing分享。根据上文第三段中“I’ve brought you some Thanksgiving dinner. Would you like to share it with me?”可知，鲍勃带来了感恩节晚餐，并询问这个女人是否愿意和自己分享晚餐，说明鲍勃想和这个女人分享晚餐，所以此处使用sharing，表示“鲍勃谢谢这个女人分享自己的感恩节晚餐”。故选C。
(三)【2020 •新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团)中考】
My friend Richard went far to work, so he asked me to take care of his yard in the mountains. He worked hard and often kept the yard 31 without any grass. But I was too lazy to sweep the fallen leaves, and I 32 pluck (拔 ) grass, allowing it to grow rapidly. In the early 33 , in March, the leaves were green and soft. A month later, when the leaves spread quickly, I discovered they were like wild orchids (兰花) in the forest.
As the summer came, the "grass" really flowered. The flowers looked like those forest orchids, 34 they were yellow, unlike those purple or brown red forest orchids. I picked one flower, then went to find a friend who studied 35 .As soon as my friend saw it he asked me 36 I picked it. "It's amazing!" He 37 explained, "This kind of orchid is hard to find. Now it is worth at least 10,000 dollars each."
I told the good news to Richard. He was 38 . After a while he said gently, he saw the orchid in the yard every year, but he thought it was common grass, so he always plucked it. He said, "If I could 39 , it would flower a few years before." Yes, all of us might miss some rare( 稀有的) orchids in our own lives. We don't give them the time to flower to prove their value.
Give the "grass" time to flower and give everybody a 40 to prove his value. Don't pluck a leave of any "grass" or negate (否定) a person rudely and how many "rare orchids " we will get in our lives!
31．A．wild B．clean C．dry D．dirty
32．A．sometimes B．often C．never D．always
33．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
34．A．so B．but C．then D．or
35．A．colors B．rivers C．seasons D．plants
36．A．that B．why C．where D．who
37．A．proudly B．successfully C．carelessly D．excitedly
38．A．worried B．surprised C．scared D．relaxed
39．A．wait B．get C．take D．make
40．A．tree B．yard C．flower D．chance
【答案】
31．B
32．C
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
37．D
38．B
39．A
40．D
【分析】本文作者讲述了一个关于兰花的故事。他的朋友理查德去了很远的地方工作，让他照顾他在山上的院子。理查德很勤劳，经常保持院子干净，没有草。而作者懒得去扫落叶，而且从不拔草。春天作者发现院子里长满了像森林里的野生兰花。夏天，他们开花。这些花看起来像那些森林兰花，但它们是黄色的，不像那些紫色或棕红色的森林兰花。作者摘了一朵花，去找一个研究植物的朋友。朋友说这种兰花很难找，现在每一棵至少值1万美元。理查德说他每年都在院子里看到兰花，但他认为那是普通的草，所以他总是拔它们。他说：“如果我能等几年，它就会在几年前开花。”给“草”时间开花，给每个人一个证明自己价值的机会。不要随地摘下任何“草”的叶子，也不要粗暴地否定一个人，也不要轻率地否定我们生活中会得到多少“珍稀兰花”！
31．句意：他很勤劳，经常保持院子干净，没有草。
考查形容词辨析。wild野生的；clean干净的；dry干燥的；dirty脏的。根据上文“worked hard(工作努力/勤劳)”和下文“without any grass(没有草)”可知“他经常保持院子干净”，故选B。
32．句意：但我懒得去扫落叶，而且我从不拔草，让它迅速成长。
考查频度副词。Sometimes有时；often经常；never从不；always总是。根据下文“让它迅速成长”可知“我从不拔草”；故选C。
33．句意：在初春，三月，树叶绿而柔软。
考查名词。spring春天；summer夏天；autumn秋天；winter冬天。根据“三月”可知是“初春”，故选A。
34．句意：这些花看起来像那些森林兰花，但它们是黄色的，不像那些紫色或棕红色的森林兰花。
考查连词辨析。so因此，表示因果关系；but但是，表示转折关系；then那么，然后，表示顺承关系；or或者，表示选择关系。根据句意可知前后句是转折关系，可知填but；故选B。
35．句意：我摘了一朵花，然后去找一个研究植物的朋友。
考查名词辨析。colors颜色；rivers河流；seasons季节；plants植物。根据“我摘了一朵花”可知“去找一个研究植物的朋友”；故选D。
36．句意：我的朋友一看到它就问我在哪儿摘的。
考查宾语从句引导词。that后面跟陈述句；why为什么；where哪里；who谁。根据下文“I told the good news to Richard. … After a while he said gently, he saw the orchid in the yard every year,(我把这个好消息告诉了理查德。…….过了一会儿，他轻轻地说，他每年都会看到院子里的兰花，)”可知此句是“我的朋友一看到它就问我在哪儿摘的。”故选C。
37．句意：他兴奋地解释说：“这种兰花很难找。现在每株至少值1万美元。”
考查副词。proudly骄傲地，自豪地；successfully成功地；carelessly粗心地；excitedly兴奋地。根据下文“这种兰花很难找。现在每株至少值1万美元。”可知“他兴奋地解释说”；故选D。
38．句意：他很惊讶。
考查形容词。worried担心，焦虑；surprised惊讶，惊奇；scared害怕；relaxed放松的。根据上文“I told the good news to Richard.(我把这个好消息告诉了理查德。)这个好消息是“他院子里的长出了兰花，每棵值至少1万美元。”可知“他很惊讶。”故选B。
39．句意：如果我能等几年，它就会在几年前开花。
考查动词辨析。wait等；get获得，得到；take拿，带走；make制作。根据下文“它就会在几年前开花”可知此句是“如果我能等几年”；故选A。
40．句意：给“草”时间开花，给每个人一个证明自己价值的机会。
考查名词辨析。tree树木；yard院子；flower花；chance机会。根据常识和上文“给‘草’时间开花”可知此句是：给每个人一个证明自己价值的机会。故选D。
(四)【2020 •四川凉山中考】
How do you connect with friends? Which would you like 26 , WeChat, letters or sending messages on the phone? Here are some ideas of students from No. 2 Middle School.
Wang Lei likes to 27 friends through sending messages on the phone in his spare time. He thinks it is a good way to express his feelings when he is down. If you are too shy to say anything in front of people, you can use it.
Liu Xin supports the letter." A letter is like a 28 dinner," she said. "It includes lots of information." 29 we have to wait longer for our letters, in today's busy world we need something that is worth waiting for.
Jiang Li is sure to stick to Wechat. Open the Wechat, shake your mobile phone and search for strangers around you! You can make new friends 30 without going outside.
26．A．to receive B．receiving C．to choose D．choosing
27．A．deal with B．come up with C．agree with D．keep in touch with
28．A．small B．big C．poor D．late
29．A．Although B．Whether C．Before D．After
30．A．easy B．easily C．hard D．hardly
【答案】
26．C
27．D
28．B
29．A
30．B
【分析】
文章就“如何与朋友联系”这个话题做的一个调查，并举例几个同学的不同的想法。
26．句意：你想选择哪一种？
to receive接受，动词不定式；receiving接受，现在分词或者动名词形式；to choose选择，动词不定式；choosing选择，现在分词或者动名词形式；根据句意理解及后句WeChat, letters or sending messages on the phone?可知，这里表达的是“选择”，且这里是表达“想要做某事”，英语是would like to do sth，所以这里应该用to do形式，故选C。
27．句意：王磊喜欢在业余时间通过手机短信与朋友保持联系。
deal with处理；come up with想出；agree with同意；keep in touch with保持联系；根据句意理解及文章的开头How do you connect with friends?以及后句He thinks it is a good way to express his feelings when he is down.可知，这里表达的是“保持联系”，故选D。
28．句意：一封信就像一顿丰盛的晚餐。
small小的；big大的；poor贫穷的；late晚的；根据句意理解及后句It includes lots of information.可知，这里是把信比喻成一顿大餐，故选B。
29．句意：虽然为了信件我们要等更长时间。
Although虽然；Whether是否；Before在……之前；After在……之后；根据句意理解及后句in today's busy world we need something that is worth waiting for.可知，前后两句之间是让步关系，所以这里应该用although引导让步状语从句，故选A。
30．句意：你不用出门就可以很容易地交到新朋友。
easy容易的；easily容易地；hard努力的；hardly几乎不；根据句意理解及前句shake your mobile phone and search for strangers around you!以及后句without going outside.可知，这里表达的是“容易地”，空格修饰的是动词，所以应该用副词，故选B。
(五)【2020 •四川绵阳中考】
In school, when children are given tasks, some of them are too lazy to think. They 16 asking parents or teachers what to do instead of thinking by themselves. How then do you teach your children to think critically (批判性地)?
Firstly, allow your children to play 17 , which is important in raising children to think on their own as it forces them to 18 what to play with and how. It is during 19 that children get curious enough to try something.
Secondly, ask them 20 questions. When your children ask you a question, don’t be quick to give a 21 . Help them think about possible answers by asking them questions in turn:“ Hmmm, that’s an interesting question, and 22 do you think the answer should be?" And when they give their opinions, always 23 them.
Thirdly, don’t be quick to get involved when your children make an improper 24 . Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves. Don’t say “you are 25 for doing that". But when your children choose properly, be sure to praise them.
16．A．take up B．stay up C．end up D．give up
17．A．carefully B．freely C．quietly D．happily
18．A．guess B．promise C．learn D．decide
19．A．play B．trip C．discussion D．study
20．A．open-hearted B．happy-ending C．surprise-ending D．open-ended
21．A．reward B．reason C．reply D．report
22．A．what B．how C．why D．which
23．A．correct B．encourage C．accept D．compare
24．A．mistake B．choice C．effort D．excuse
25．A．stupid B．clever C．exciting D．impolite
【答案】
16．C
17．B
18．D
19．A
20．D
21．C
22．A
23．B
24．B
25．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述教孩子们批判性地思考的三个方法。
16．句意：他们最后找父母或者老师解决问题而不是自己思考。
take up占据；stay up熬夜；end up结束；give up放弃。此处用end up doing表示“以做某事来结束”。故选C。
17．句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。carefully小心地；freely自由地；quietly安静地；happily开心地。根据“think on their own”可知此处用副词freely表示“自由地”。故选B。
18．句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。guess猜测；promise承诺；learn学习；decide决定。根据“ what to play with and how”可知此处用动词decide表示“让孩子决定”。故选D。
19．句意： 在玩耍中孩子们足够好奇的去尝试一些事情。
play戏剧，游戏；trip旅行；discussion讨论；study学习。根据前文“allow your children to play”，可知此处用名词play。故选A。
20．句意：第二，问他们开放性的问题。
open-hearted善良诚恳的；happy-ending开心结局的；surprise-ending反转结局的；open-ended开放式结局的。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助他们思考可能性的答案，可知此处用open-ended。故选D。
21．句意：当你的孩子问你问题时，不要立刻给出回复。
reward奖励；reason理由；reply回复；report报告。根据“ask you a question”可知此处表达“给出回复”。故选C。
22．句意：那是一个有趣的问题，你认为答案应该是什么呢？
what什么；how怎样；why为什么；which哪一个。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助孩子思考可能的答案，可知此处表达答案是什么。故选A。
23．句意：当他们给出他们的看法，总是鼓励他们。
correct修正；encourage鼓励；accept接受；compare比较。文章讲述鼓励孩子批判性的思考问题，此处用动词encourage表示鼓励。故选B。
24．句意：第三，当你的孩子犯了一个不恰当的选择不要快速地介入。
mistake错误；choice选择；effort努力；excuse借口。根据后文“Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves”以及 “choose properly”可知此处用choice，表示做了不恰当的选择让他们反思再试一次。故选B。
25．句意：不要说“你那样做很蠢。”
stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的；exciting令人兴奋的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“make an improper choice”可知此处表示“那样做很蠢”。故选A。
(一)【2020 •黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区一模】
What would you do if a friend asked you to help cheat during an exam? Would you___21___or decide to help? This kind of decision has been made___22___by using the "four-way test".
Students in a middle school in Colorado tried___23___a test on Nov 8, 2019. More than 230 eighth graders tried the test. They came up with possible solutions(解决方案) to difficult___24___in school. For example, what would you do if a friend took your things___25___? Then they used the four-way test to decide___26___was the best solution.
The test asks four questions:
1. Are you choosing an honest solution?
2. Is it___27___to everyone involved (涉及的)?
3. Will it build friendship?
4. Will it be beneficial (有益处的) to everyone involved?
If a person can say "___28___" to all of these questions, it seems that he or she is making a good decision.
"It brings real-life experiences___29___to the students," Jack, the teacher of the school said. "It causes the students to think about life."
Tom, 14, found the test to be useful. " If I help my friend cheat on exams, it's not fair or beneficial to everyone involved. So that would be a bad decision," he said. "Since there's a lot of drama going on in school, the four-way test will____30____that."
James, 14, plans to start using the four-way test. "It's a new strategy (策略)," he said. "If I get in fights and conflicts (冲突), I'm going to use it to keep strong."
What would you do if a friend asked you to help cheat during an exam? Would you 36 or decide to help? This kind of decision has been made 37 by using the "four-way test".
Students in a middle school in Colorado tried 38 a test on Nov 8, 2019. More than 230 eighth graders tried the test. They came up with possible solutions(解决方案) to difficult 39 in school. For example, what would you do if a friend took your things 40 ? Then they used the four-way test to decide 41 was the best solution.
The test asks four questions:
1. Are you choosing an honest solution?
2. Is it 42 to everyone involved (涉及的)?
3. Will it build friendship?
4. Will it be beneficial (有益处的) to everyone involved?
If a person can say " 43 " to all of these questions, it seems that he or she is making a good decision.
"It brings real-life experiences 44 to the students," Jack, the teacher of the school said. "It causes the students to think about life."
Tom, 14, found the test to be useful. " If I help my friend cheat on exams, it's not fair or beneficial to everyone involved. So that would be a bad decision," he said. "Since there's a lot of drama going on in school, the four-way test will 45 that."
James, 14, plans to start using the four-way test. "It's a new strategy (策略)," he said. "If I get in fights and conflicts (冲突), I'm going to use it to keep strong."
36．A．turn them up B．turn them down C．turn them on
37．A．much easily B．more easy C．more easily
38．A．such B．so C．very
39．A．surfaces B．predictions C．situations
40．A．in person B．without asking you C．no longer
41．A．which B．that C．where
42．A．stupid B．typical C．fair
43．A．yes B．no C．really
44．A．safely B．friendly C．directly
45．A．argue with B．help with C．agree with
【答案】
36．B
37．C
38．A
39．C
40．B
41．A
42．C
43．A
44．C
45．B
【分析】
在学校生活中，学生经常会遇到一些很难处理的问题，如考试中朋友要求帮助作弊、朋友没经过你的同意拿走你的东西等，那么该怎么解决这些问题呢？这篇短文教给我们一个“四项检测法”，用“四项检测法”，你就可以做出正确的选择。
36．
句意：你会拒绝他们还是决定帮忙？
turn up出现，开大；turn down拒绝，关小；turn on打开。根据asked you to help cheat 要你帮忙作弊，和or decide to help还是决定帮忙，可知是“拒绝”.故选B。
37．
句意：通过使用“四项检测法”这种决定会更容易。
根据使用“四项检测法”和不使用这个方法相比较，可知用比较级，排除A；根据副词修饰动词made，easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词.故选C。
38．
句意：在2019年11月8日科罗拉多一个中学的学生尝试了这样的一个测验。
such如此的，形容词；so如此地，副词；very非常，副词。修饰名词test用形容词，故选A。
39．
句意：他们想出了解决学校困难情况的可能方法。
surfaces 表面；predictions 预言；situations情况、根据solutions解决方案，difficult困难的，可知是“情况”。故选C。
40．
句意：如果你的朋友没有问你拿走了你的东西，你怎么办？
in person 亲自；without asking you没有问你；no longer不再。根据文章这里是举例说明在学校中遇到的难题，可知是“没有问你就拿走你的东西”，故选B。
41．
句意：他们使用“四项检测法”来决定哪个是最好的方法。
which哪一个，代词；that 引导宾语从句，无意义，通常可以省略；where哪里，副词。根据was the best solution可知是“哪一个最好”，在从句中做主语，副词不能做主语。故选A。
42．
句意：这对相关人员是公平吗？
stupid 愚蠢的；typical典型的；fair公平的；根据it's not fair or beneficial to everyone involved.这对相关人员是不公平的也没有好处，可知是“公平的”。故选C。
43．
句意：如果一个人对所有的问题都能说“是”，那么他或她可能在做一个正确的决定。
yes是的；no不；really真地；根据it seems that he or she is making a good decision他或她可能在做一个正确的决定，结合上面的问题可知，如果这些问题答案是肯定的，那就会做出正确的决定。故选A。
44．
句意：它能直接带给学生真正的生活经历。
safely 安全地，副词；friendly有好的，形容词； directly直接地，副词。副词修饰动词bring，排除B；根据It causes the students to think about life它引起学生思考生活，可知是“直接带给学生真正的生活经历”。故选C。
45．
句意：因为学校发生了许多戏剧性的事情，四项检测法将有助于解决这些问题。
argue with 和……争吵；help with 帮助做……agree with同意……。根据found the test to be useful发现这个检测法是有用的，可知是“帮助做决定”。故选B。
(二)【2020 •黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区二模】
Do you get lots of reading tasks as part of your homework? You might wish that you could read faster. There are some people who have said that you can learn to read at high speeds. But experts haven't agreed 46 what they have said.
"Speed reading is not actually possible," said Schotter, a scientist at the University of the US. Schotter 47 that those teach others how to speed read are usually doing it by selling courses and books to make money.
In fact, speed reading 48 since 1959, when Mr Wood introduced a speed reading program. Several US presidents have even asked their 49 to take speed reading courses.
However, there is no real science behind speed reading.
Schotter explained that reading is a complicated (复杂的) task. It includes four stages: a word, retrieving (检索) 50 meaning from your memory, 51 it to other word, in the same sentence, and then moving on to the next word. This process uses many parts of the brain at one time. It can't be sped up.
Some people who are able to speed read 52 simply skimming (扫读). Skimming includes reading a passage quickly and only looking for 53 word or sentence. Skimmer can find out the main idea of a passage—especially if it's a topic they've known about—but they 54 be able to recall all of the details(细节).
So is there a way to become a faster reader? Research suggests you try to 55 you vocabulary and read more.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
46．A．with B．to C．at
47．A．brought out B．tried out C．pointed out
48．A．has been advised B．has advised C．advised
49．A．performers B．clerk C．staff
50．A．their B．its C．it's
51．A．relate B．related C．relating
52．A．/ B．is C．are
53．A．some B．any C．every
54．A．will B．will not C．never
55．A．improve B．rise C．lift
【答案】
46．A
47．C
48．A
49．C
50．B
51．C
52．C
53．A
54．B
55．A
【分析】
本文介绍了专家指出阅读是一个复杂的过程，无法阅读得很快。有些人的速读只是扫读。研究表明，要想读书速度快，我们应努力提高词汇量，多阅读。
46．
句意：但专家们并不同意他们的说法。
A. with和……一起，B. to向，C. at在。agree with“同意……的说法”，故选A。
47．
句意：Schotter指出，那些教别人如何快速阅读的公司通常是通过销售课程和书籍来赚钱的。
A. brought out显示，B. tried out试验，C. pointed out指出来。根据前文的“"Speed reading is not actually possible," said Schotter, ”可知，他认为速度是不可能的，因此指出这些公司只是为了赚钱的。故选C。
48．
句意：事实上，早在1959年伍德先生就提出了快速阅读的建议。
A. has been advised已经被建议，B. has advised已经建议，C. advised建议。根据“since 1959”可知，此处用现在完成时，主语speed reading与谓语advise之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。故选A。
49．
句意：几位美国总统甚至要求他们的工作人员参加速读课程。
A. performers表演者，B. clerk职员，C. staff工作人员。根据句意表示他们的员工，不是一个人，因此用集体名词staff。故选C。
50．
句意：一个单词，从你的记忆中检索它的意思。
A. their他们的，B. its它的，C. it's它是。修饰名词meaning用形容词性物主代词，根据“a word”可知，此处表示这个单词的意思，故选B。
51．
句意：在同一个句子中，将它与其他单词联系起来，然后继续下一个单词。
A. relate叙述，B. related有关系的，C. relating涉及。此处与“retrieving (检索) ____5____meaning from your memory”和“then moving on to the next word”相并列，因此用动名词relating。故选C。
52．
句意：有些能快速阅读的人只是略读.
A. /，B. is是，C. are是。主语some people是复数形式，谓语用复数形式。故选C。
53．
句意：略读包括快速阅读一篇文章，只寻找某个单词或句子。
A. some一些，某个，B. any任何一些，C. every每一个。结合句意，略读是在文中询问某个单词或句子。故选A。
54．
句意：略读：能找出一篇文章的主旨，尤其是当这篇文章是他们已经知道的话题时，但他们却不能回忆起所有的细节。
A. will将，B. will not将不会，C. never从不。连词but前后表示转折关系，but前表示能找出一篇文章的主旨，but后表示不能回忆起所有的细节。故选B。
55．
句意：研究表明，你应该努力提高词汇量，多阅读。
A. improve改善，提高，B. rise增加，C. lift举起。根据前文的“So is there a way to become a faster reader?”可知，要成为一个阅读快的人，因此要提高词汇量。故选A。
(三)【2020 •黑龙江省牡丹江市市区中考一模】
Once upon a time, there were two neighbors living next to each other. One of them was a retired (退休的) teacher and the other was an engineer. 56 of them planted the same plants in their gardens.
The retired teacher gave a small amount (数量) of water to his plants and didn’t always take care of them, 57 the other neighbor interested in technology, gave a lot of water to his plants and 58 them very well.
One day, a storm started suddenly during the night. The next morning, the engineer was 59 to see that his plants were uprooted (将连根起 ). However, the plants 60 the retired teacher planted were very well.
The engineer went to the retired teacher and asked 61 , "We grew the same plants together. I 62 looked after my plants better than you did to yours, and 63 gave them more water. Still, my plants were uprooted, but yours were not. How is that 64 ?"
The retired teacher smiled and said, "You gave your plants more 65 and water, but because of that your plants didn’t need to work to find water. You made it easy for them. While I gave them just proper water and let their roots (根) 66 for more. And their roots went 67 , which made their position stronger."
This story is about parenting and the children are like plants. If everything 68 to them, they will not understand the hard work it takes to get those things. Teach them 69 to walk, but let them follow their path (路线). Sometimes, it’s best to 70 them instead of giving them. This helps to develop their independence.
Choose the best choice from A, B or C according to what you read.
56．A．Neither B．Both C．All
57．A．while B．unless C．though
58．A．dressed up B．parted with C．cared for
59．A．afraid B．surprised C．scared
60．A．who B．whose C．which
61．A．in disbelief B．for sure C．with excitement
62．A．exactly B．actually C．recently
63．A．even B．anyway C．almost
64．A．simple B．necessary C．possible
65．A．attention B．preparation C．pressure
66．A．search B．to search C．searching
67．A．longer and longer B．faster and faster C．deeper and deeper
68．A．gave B．is given C．has given
69．A．why B．how C．when
70．A．accept B．change C．guide
【答案】
56．B
57．A
58．C
59．B
60．C
61．A
62．B
63．A
64．C
65．A
66．A
67．C
68．B
69．B
70．C
【分析】
本文讲述了一位退休老师和一位工程师是邻居，他们种植同样的植物，但是长得却不一样。这位退休的老师给了他的植物少量的水，并不总是照顾它们，但是他的植物长得很好。而那位工程师给了植物很多水，照顾得很好，但是他的植物长得不好。这个故事告诉我们教育孩子就像照顾植物一样。最好是引导孩子而不是给予孩子太多，这有助于培养他们的独立性。
56．
句意：他们俩在花园里种了同样的植物。
A. Neither两者都不，B. Both两者都，C. All三者或三者以上都。根据前文的“there were two neighbors”和根据后文的“We grew the same plants together.”可知，他们两个都种同样的植物，故选B。
57．
句意：这位退休的老师给了他的植物少量的水，并不总是照顾它们，而另一位对工艺感兴趣的邻居，给了它们很多水，把它们照顾得很好。
A. while当……时候，而，B. unless除非，C. though尽管。此处这两个邻居进行对比，故选A。
58．
句意：这位退休的老师给了他的植物少量的水，并不总是照顾它们，而另一位对工艺感兴趣的邻居，给了它们很多水，把它们照顾得很好。
A. dressed up打扮，B. parted with与……分开，C. cared for关心。根据前半句的“gave a lot of water to his plants”可知，他给植物很多水，因此表示照顾得非常好。故选C。
59．
句意：第二天早上，这位工程师惊讶地看见他的植物被连根拔起。
A. afraid担心的，B. surprised惊讶的，C. scared害怕的。根据“to see that his plants were uprooted”可知，看见他的植物被连根拔起，他感到惊讶，故选B。
60．
句意：然而，那位退休老师种的植物非常好。
A. who先行词是人，且在句中作主语；B. whose先行词是物，且在句中作定语；C. which先行词是物，且在句中作主语或宾语。先行词plants表示事物，后面的定语从句中谓语planted后缺少宾语，因此用which引导定语从句，故选C。
61．
句意：工程师走到退休教师面前，难以置信地问。
A. in disbelief难以置信地，B. for sure毫无疑问，C. with excitement兴奋地。根据后文的“Still, my plants were uprooted, but yours were not.”可知，这位工程师的植物被连根拔起，那位退休工程师的植物却很好，因此他感到难以置信，故选A。
62．
句意：我实际上比你更好地照顾我的植物，甚至给它们更多的水。
A. exactly恰好地，B. actually事实上，C. recently最近。根据前文的“______2______the other neighbor interested in technology, gave a lot of water to his plants and ____3____ them very well.”可知，事实上这位工程师照顾得植物更好，故选B。
63．
句意：我实际上比你更好地照顾我的植物，甚至给它们更多的水。
A. even甚至，B. anyway无论如何，C. almost几乎。此处强调给他的植物更多的水，故选A。
64．
句意：这怎么可能？
A. simple简单的，B. necessary必要的，C. possible可能的。结合上文可知，自己给植物更多的照顾，却长得不如那位退休老师的好，因此认为这是怎么可能的，故选C。
65．
句意：你给了你的植物更多的关心和水，但正因为如此，你的植物不需要努力来寻找水。
A. attention注意力，B. preparation准备，C. pressure压力。根据前文的“______2______the other neighbor interested in technology, gave a lot of water to his plants and ____3____ them very well.”可知，他给他的植物更多的关注，故选A。
66．
句意：而我只是给它们适当的水，让它们的根去寻找更多的水。
A. search搜寻，是动词原形；B. to search搜寻，是动词不定式；C. searching搜寻，是动名词或现在分词。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，故选A。
67．
句意：它们的根越来越深，这使它们的地位更加稳固。
A. longer and longer越来越长，B. faster and faster越来越快，C. deeper and deeper越来越深。根据“which made their position stronger.”可知，能让植物更加稳固，应是它们的根更深了。故选C。
68．
句意：如果什么都给了它们，它们就不会明白获得这些东西需要付出多大的努力。
A. gave给，是一般过去时；B. is given被给，是一般现在时的被动形式；C. has given给，是现在完成时。主语everything与谓语give之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故选B。
69．
句意：教他们如何走路，但让他们走自己的路。
A. why为什么，B. how如何，C. when何时。根据句意，此处表示教他们如何走路，故选B。
70．
句意：有时候，最好是引导他们，而不是给予他们。
A. accept接受，B. change改变，C. guide指导。根据前文的“Teach them___14_____ to walk,”可知，此处表示教授他们，因此是指导他们，故选C。
(四)【2020 •浙江省杭州市下城区一模】
"Oh boys, don't throw stones at the poor bird," said an old gray-headed man, "Sir." said a little fellow, "she makes such a loud noise that we can't suffer from her" "Yes, but she uses the voice which 71 gave her, and I am afraid the stone will rebound (弹回), and 72 you as long as you live!" "Rebound! We don't understand you, sir!" "Well, come and I will tell you a story.
"Fifty years ago, I was a boy like you. I used to throw stones 73 I became very skilled. One day I went to work for an old couple. They were very kind to everybody and everything. 74 had so many birds making their nests under the roofs of their houses. The birds seemed to 75 the couple. One of the birds got used to building her nest in the same place and 76 her young chicks there. She and her mate had just returned when I went there to work and the couple welcomed them heartily. The bird hopped about as if she was glad to be back. During the day, I thought I would try my 77 upon her. She sat on a pole and looked at me trustfully. I found a nice stone, and I threw it with my greatest skill.It struck the bird on the head and she drooped dead! "
"I was sorry when I saw her 78 . But the deed was done. I said 79 to the old couple about it. But one of their grandchildren told them what I had done. Though the couple 80 said a word to me. I knew that they were deeply saddened by my bad behavior. I could never 81 them in the face afterwards. Oh, that I should have told them how sorry I was!"
"They have been 82 many years and so has the poor bird; but don't you see 83 that stone rebounded, and hit me? How much the 84 of it has hurt me! For fifty years I have remembered it. I have never spoken of it before; but if what I have said will 85 you from throwing a stone that may rebound I will be happy. "
71．A．nature B．trainer C．talent D．experience
72．A．remind B．hurt C．punish D．recall
73．A．as B．when C．until D．while
74．A．Many B．None C．All D．Few
75．A．love B．hate C．fear D．surprise
76．A．held B．raised C．lived D．grew
77．A．ability B．work C．skill D．idea
78．A．fall B．fly C．hide D．cry
79．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything
80．A．hardly B．nearly C．totally D．never
81．A．look for B．look into C．look at D．look over
82．A．dead B．angry C．sad D．sorry
83．A．what B．where C．how D．why
84．A．accident B．memory C．event D．activity
85．A．separate B．protect C．prevent D．help
【答案】
71．A
72．B
73．C
74．D
75．A
76．B
77．C
78．A
79．B
80．D
81．C
82．A
83．C
84．B
85．C
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了一位老人看见小男孩向鸟扔石头，他阻止了他们，给他们讲了自己小时候向鸟扔石头杀死鸟而终生后悔的故事。
71．
句意：但她用的是大自然赋予她的声音。
nature自然；trainer训练师；talent有才能的；experience经历，经验。根据上文“she makes such a loud noise that we can't suffer from her”可知，不能忍受小鸟的噪音，可知下文是说她的声音是大自然给予她的。这里是大自然。故选A。
72．
句意：我怕石头会反弹，伤害你一辈子！
remind 提醒； hurt 伤害；punish 惩罚；recall召回。根据上文“and I am afraid the stone will rebound (弹回)”可知，这里是说石头反弹回来会伤害你一辈子。故选B。
73．
句意：我过去常常扔石头，直到我变得非常熟练。
as 当……时候；when 当……时候； until 直到； while当……的时候。根据下文“I became very skilled.”可知，这里是直到我变得很有技能。这里是时间状语从句，用until连接。故选C。
74．
句意：他们对每个人都很好。很少有这么多鸟在屋顶下筑巢。
Many许多；None没有人； All 全都； Few很少。根据下文“They were very kind to everybody and everything.”可知，这里是说他们非常的好，很少有这么多的鸟在他们的屋顶下筑巢。故选D。
75．
句意：鸟儿们似乎很喜欢这对夫妇。
love爱； hate 讨厌；fear害怕；surprise吃惊的；根据上文“They were very kind to everybody and everything. ___4___ had so many birds making their nests under the roofs of their houses.”可知，这里是说那对夫妇人好，所以鸟们喜欢那对夫妇。故选A。
76．
句意：其中一只鸟习惯于在同一个地方筑巢，并在那里养育幼雏。
held举行； raised 筹集，养育； lived 居住；grew长大。根据上文“One of the birds got used to building her nest in the same place”可知，这里是他们习惯在同一个地方筑巢，可知在这里养育幼鸟。故选B。
77．
句意： 我想我要在她身上试试我的本领。
ability能力；work 工作；skill技能；idea主意。根据下文“She sat on a pole and looked at me trustfully. I found a nice stone, and I threw it with my greatest skill It struck the bird on the head and she drooped dead!”可知，这里是我想在那只鸟身上试试技能。故选C。
78．
句意：当我看到她掉下来时我很抱歉。
fall落下； fly飞；hide 隐藏；cry哭。根据“I was sorry”及上文他想在鸟身上试试技能。可知是用石头打到那只鸟了。故选A。
79．
句意：但事情已经做了。我对那对老夫妇什么也没说。
everything一切； nothing 没什么；something 某物； anything任何东西。根据“I was sorry when I saw her ___8___ . But the deed was done.”可知，他对那对夫人什么都没说。这里是表示什么都没说。故选B。
80．
句意： 虽然那对夫妇从来没跟我说过一句话。
hardly 几乎不；nearly 几乎；totally完全地； never绝不，从不。根据下文“I knew that they were deeply saddened by my bad behavior.” 我知道他们对我的不良行为深感悲痛。可知，这里是说尽管那对夫妇人们都没有说，这里是否定意义。故选D。
81．
句意：我以后再也不能当面看他们。哦，我真该告诉他们我有多抱歉！
look for寻找；look into考查，调查； look at 看；look over浏览。根据“Oh, that I should have told them how sorry I was!”可知，这里是说不能面对面的看他们。故选C。
82．
句意：他们已经死了很多年了，可怜的小鸟也死了。
dead 死的；angry 生气的；sad悲伤的；sorry对不起。根据“so has the poor bird”可知，这里是他们已经死了好多年了。那只小鸟也是。故选A。
83．
句意：但你没看见那块石头是怎么弹起来的，然后打到我身上的吗？
what 什么；where 在哪儿； how怎样；why为什么。根据下文“and hit me”可知，上文是那块石头是怎样打在我身上的。故选C。
84．
句意：对它的记忆伤害了我多少！
accident事故；memory 记忆； event 事件；activity 活动。根据“For fifty years I have remembered it.”可知，我一直记着，可知这里是它的记忆对我的伤害。故选B。
85．
句意：但如果我所说的话能阻止你扔一块可能反弹的石头，我会很高兴的。
separate分开； protect 保护； prevent阻止； help帮助。这里是说如果我说的话能阻止你扔石头，我会高兴。故选C。
中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。
中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。
通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。
第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。
复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
考点27 完形填空之议论文
议论文一般缺乏趣味性，所以在中考中出现的频率不是很高，但是也偶有出现，因此对于这类题材的文章的特点及解题的关键考生也应该有适当的了解。
二、解题方法：
1. 完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
2. 第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一两遍，直到明确大意为止。
3. 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见森林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。
因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4. 每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其他三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。
5. 动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
(一)
Not only adults but also teenagers have problems in their life. Here is a survey showing the main problems of ___1___.
They feel stressed because they have ___2___ homework to do both at school and at home. They have lots of exams ___3___. And their parents usually send them ___4___ different classes at weekends. As a result, so many of them almost become bookworms(书呆子) . On holidays, they could hardly have ___5___ time to do what they are interested in. Now more and more teenagers ___6___ short-sighted.
They often read in bed or keep ___7___ for a long time without having a rest. Some of them are crazy about playing computer games. Some ___8___ too much time watching TV. ___9___ serious problem among teenagers is that many of them are becoming fat. They eat too much junk food, but they take little exercise.
I think teenagers should think of ways on how to ___10___ the problems. They should make a plan for study and hobbies and find time to relax as much as possible.
1. A. adult B. adults C. teenager D. teenagers
2. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too
3. A. join B. to be taken C. to take D. to join
4. A. to B. for C. of D. in
5. A. our own B. their own C. his own D. they own
6. A. are get B. are getting C. got D. are become
7. A. red B. read C. to read D. reading
8. A. pay B. cost C. spend D. take
9. A. Another B. Other C. Others D. Some
10. A. doing with B. do with C. dealing with D. deal with
(一)
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文，提出了当前青少年群体存在的两大问题：压力大和变胖，并重点分析了压力大的原因，建议青少年应该制订学习和业余爱好的计划，并尽可能多地找到时间来放松。
1. D 【解析】句意：这里有一项调查显示出青少年的主要问题。考查名词辨析题。A. adult成年人；B. adults成年人(复数)；C. teenager青少年；D. teenagers青少年(复数)。根据短文内容，谈论的是青少年压力很大的问题，结合首句Not only adults but also teenagers have problems in their life.句意，可知选D。
2. B 【解析】句意：他们感到压力很大，因为他们在学校和家里有太多的家庭作业要做。考查形容词辨析。homework家庭作业，不可数名词，可由much修饰但不可用many修饰，可排除A、D。much许多的，形容词，可由副词too修饰，即too much太多的，再排除C。根据句意和上下文，故选B。
3. C 【解析】句意：他们有许多考试要参加。考查动词和短语辨析题。join和 take part in 二者都有＂参加＂的意思，但用法有所不同。join加入某党派、组织或社会团体，参军等，强调成为其中的一个成员；而take part in指参加活动。根据句意和英文提示，可知本句指参加考试，故选C。
4. A 【解析】句意：他们的父母通常在周末送他们去不同的班级。考查介词辨析题。A. to向，朝着，到；B. for为，为了；C. of……的，表从属；D. in在……里，表地点。send sb./sth. to送某人/物去……，根据句意，可知选A。
5. B 【解析】句意：他们几乎都没有自己的时间做自己感兴趣的事情。考查代词辨析题。hardly几乎不，表否定。根据后半句to do what they are interested in做他们感兴趣的事，＂他们＂当然需要有＂他们自己的＂空闲时间。备选答案中：our own我们自己的，their own他们自己的，his own他自己的，they own表达错误。故选B。
6. B 【解析】句意：现在越来越多的青少年正变得近视。考查动词时态题。根据下文They often read in bed or keep reading for a long time without having a rest. Some of them are crazy about playing computer games. Some spend too much time watching TV.提示，结合句意可知，很多青少年正在变成近视，需用进行时态，故选B。
7. D 【解析】句意：他们经常躺在床上看书或长时间看书而不休息。考查非谓语动词题。keep doing表示不间断地做某事或持续的状态。根据句意，可知选D。
8. C 【解析】句意：有些人花太多时间看电视。考查动词辨析题。A. pay付钱，和介词for连用，即pay for sth.；B. cost价值，后接数字(钱数)；C. spend花费；D. take拿。几个动词都有＂花费＂的含义，但花时间做某事，常用take和spend，可排除A和B。take后面常接不定式，多用于it takes sb. some time to do sth.；spend后接介词on(可省略)，构成固定短语spend...on...。根据句意和结构，可知选C。
9. A 【解析】句意：青少年的另一个严重问题是他们中的许多人变胖了。A. Another又一个，再一个；B. Other(两个中的)另一个；C. Others别的( other的名词复数 )，其他的；D. Some一些，代词。在英语中，介绍两件事常用one... the other(加the，特指两者中的另一个)和one... another结构。根据文意，当前青少年存在两个问题，一是压力大，另一个就是变胖。结合句意和结构，可知选A。
10. D 【解析】句意：我认为青少年应该想办法解决这些问题。考查动词短语和动词形式辨析。how to do怎么做，是固定短语，to do是不定式，可排除A、C选项。deal with解决，固定短语。根据句意，可知选D。
(二)
An ant is walking by the river. He looks at the river and says to himself. “ 1 nice and cool the water looks! I must drink some of it.” But when he is drinking, he 2 into the river.
“Oh. Help! Help!” the ant cries.
A dove (鸽子) is siting 3 the tree. She hears him and offers him a leaf. “ 4 up that leaf,” she says, “and you will get to the bank.”
The ant climbs up onto the leaf, and the wind blows the leaf to the bank.
“Thank you, dove. You’re so 5 . You have saved my life, and I wish I could do 6 for you. Goodbye!” the ant says and runs home.
“Goodbye!” says the dove, “Be 7 not to fall into the river again.”
After a few days, the dove is building her nest. And a man is raising his gun to kill 8 .
The ant sees this, and runs 9 to bite the man’s leg. “Ouch! Ouch!” The man 10 a terrible pain and drops his gun. The dove flies away quickly. So the man picks up his gun and leaves.
The dove comes to the ant and says, “Thank you, my little friend. You have saved my life.” The little ant is so glad, because he can help the dove.
1．A．Where B．What C．When D．How
2．A．falls B．drives C．looks D．runs
3．A．on B．in C．with D．down
4．A．Get B．Come C．Climb D．Put
5．A．quick B．kind C．patient D．worried
6．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something
7．A．careful B．happy C．easy D．dangerous
8．A．she B．her C．him D．them
9．A．slowly B．off C．fast D．upstairs
10．A．feels B．takes C．causes D．gives
【答案】
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．C
5．B
6．D
7．A
8．B
9．C
10．A
【分析】
这篇短文给我们讲述了一个小故事。一只蚂蚁不小心掉进了水里，被一只鸽子救了。后来在鸽子有危险的时候，蚂蚁又救了鸽子。告诉我们人与人之间要相互帮助。
1．句意：水看起来多么好、多么凉爽啊！
Where在哪里；What什么；When何时；How怎样，多么。这是一个感叹句，“nice and cool”是形容词，符合句型“How+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构，故选D。
2．句意：但是当他喝水的时候，他掉进了河里。
falls掉落；drives驾驶，开车；looks看，看起来；runs跑。根据下文“Help! Help!”可知，蚂蚁掉进了河里，所以喊救命，fall into掉进，固定短语。故选A。
3．句意：一只鸽子正在树上站着。
on在……上面；in在……里面；with和……一起；down向下。on the tree指树叶、果实等生长在树上；in the tree是指其他事物在树上。这里说鸽子在树上，应用in，故选B。
4．句意：她说：“爬到那个树叶上。”
Get得到；Come来；Climb爬；Put放，放置。根据下文“The ant climbs up onto the leaf”可知，此处指的是鸽子让蚂蚁爬到叶子上去，故选C。
5．句意：你太友好了。
quick快的；kind友好的；patient有耐心的；worried担心的。根据下句话“You have saved my life”可知，鸽子救了蚂蚁，所以鸽子是很友好善良的。故选B。
6．句意：你救了我的命，我希望我能为你做些事情。
anything任何事；nothing没什么事；everything一切，每件事；something某事。根据“You have saved my life, and I wish I could do… for you.”结合可知，鸽子救了蚂蚁，蚂蚁希望自己也能为鸽子做一些事，这是一个肯定句，故选D。
7．句意：小心不要再掉到河里了。
careful小心的；happy快乐的；easy容易的；dangerous危险的。根据句意“not to fall into the river again”结合句意可知，鸽子提醒蚂蚁要小心，故选A。
8．句意：一个人正举起枪准备要杀她。
she她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格；him他，人称代词宾格；them他们，人称代词宾格。根据“the dove is building her nest”可知，这个人瞄准的是鸽子，文章中是用she代指的，“kill”动词后跟宾语，所以此处应用宾格her，故选B。
9．句意：那只蚂蚁看到了，迅速跑过去，咬了这个人的腿。
slowly慢地；off离开，脱落；fast快地；upstairs上楼。根据上文“And a man is raising his gun to kill...”可知，这个人正举着枪马上要杀鸽子了，事情很紧急，所以蚂蚁应该赶快跑过去，故选C。
10．句意：这个人感到了剧烈的疼痛，把枪扔掉了。
feels感觉；takes带走；causes导致；gives给。根据上文“The ant sees this…to bite the man's leg”可知，蚂蚁咬了那个人的腿，所以这个人感到疼痛。故选A。
(三)
"Look at the moon," my son shouts excitedly. Our son's best friend joins in the celebration, and soon the whole room is looking out of the window, enjoying this simple sight.
It's not the first time we've 11 our love of the moon as a family. Last time we celebrated as we sat in a taxi after a meaningful day trip. Both our son and little daughter were jumping around with 12 in the back of the cab at the sight of the big golden October harvest moon. The driver couldn't help but join in the simple joy.
In order not to 13 the moon whenever it appears, we even 14 our bedroom to the back of the house. So our son has a 15 from Bath in the East to the Forest in the West. It has paid off as he often now shouts down to us about sunrises, sunsets, rainbows or a storm.
I'm not sure if he knows just 16 this pleases me. At seven, it feels like he is starting to understand more about the rhythm of life, the passing of time, and how it 17 us humans. He knows that the sun doesn't 18 rise in one place, that it travels 19 the sky. He knows that clouds will gather near hills or mountains and a rainbow often 20 rain. It feels like he is developing a 21 connection with the earth through the 22 he spends sitting on his windowsill.
He then understands what he is enjoying is temporary (短暂的). The 23 doesn't stay full for long and rainbows disappear quickly. 24 , he's catching those moments with both 25 and holding them in his arms. And what I love about this the most is that his first thoughts are always to share this joy with those whom he loves.
11．A．shared B．developed C．wanted D．accepted
12．A．hope B．joy C．courage D．peace
13．A．see B．welcome C．lose D．miss
14．A．decorated B．changed C．prepared D．bought
15．A．view B．trip C．dream D．memory
16．A．how long B．how often C．how much D．how
17．A．influences B．tells C．worries D．warns
18．A．really B．even C．just D．ever
19．A．through B．above C．across D．under
20．A．appears B．follows C．invites D．brings
21．A．softer B．harder C．lighter D．deeper
22．A．thoughts B．moments C．efforts D．money
23．A．clouds B．rainbows C．sun D．moon
24．A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Suddenly D．However
25．A．hands B．eyes C．ears D．feet
【答案】
11．A
12．B
13．D
14．B
15．A
16．C
17．A
18．C
19．C
20．B
21．D
22．B
23．D
24．D
25．A
【分析】作者一家十分喜欢月亮，为了帮助孩子们更好地观察月亮，作者甚至改变了卧室位置。随着孩子长大，他逐渐有了自己的想法，但是他始终记得要将欢乐和喜欢的人分享。
11．句意：这已经不是我们第一次作为一家人分享对月亮的爱了。
A. shared分享，B. developed发展，C. wanted想要，D. accepted接受。根据前文的“soon the whole room is looking out of the window, enjoying this simple sight.”可知，大家一起看月亮，因此是在分享对月亮的爱，故选A。
12．句意：我们的儿子和小女儿看到十月丰收的金色大月亮，在出租车的后面高兴地跳来跳去。
A. hope希望，B. joy欢乐，C. courage勇气，D. peace和平。根据后文的“The driver couldn't help but join in the simple joy.”可知，此处指他们很高兴。故选B。
13．句意：为了不错过月亮，我们甚至把卧室搬到了房子的后面。
A. see看见，B. welcome欢迎，C. lose失去，D. miss错过。根据后文的“So our son has a ___5___ from Bath in the East to the Forest in the West.”可知，此处表示不错过月亮。故选D。
14．句意：为了不错过月亮，我们甚至把卧室搬到了房子的后面。
A. decorated装饰，B. changed改变，C. prepared准备，D. bought买。change …to…“更改为”，故选B。
15．句意：所以我们的儿子可以从东边的巴斯看到西边的森林。
A. view风景，B. trip旅行，C. dream梦想，D. memory记忆。根据前文的“In order not to ___3___ the moon whenever it appears,”可知，此处表示看到月亮，have a view “看到”，故选A。
16．句意：我不确定他是否知道这让我有多高兴。
A. how long多长时间，B. how often多久一次，C. how much多少，D. how如何。根据前文的“It has paid off as he often now shouts down to us about sunrises, sunsets, rainbows or a storm.”可知，此处这会让我有多高兴，故选C。
17．句意：7岁时，他似乎开始更多地了解生活的节奏、时间的流逝以及它是如何影响我们人类的。
A. influences影响，B. tells告诉，C. worries担心，D. warns警告。根据后文的“He knows that the sun doesn't ___8___ rise in one place, that it travels ___9___ the sky.”可知，此处表示它对人的影响。故选A。
18．句意：他知道太阳不只是从一个地方升起，而是在天空中穿行。
A. really真正地，B. even甚至，C. just仅仅，D. ever曾经。not just “不仅仅”，故选C。
19．句意：他知道太阳不是从一个地方升起，而是在天空中穿行。
A. through通过，B. above在…...上面，C. across穿过，D. under在……下面。根据“the sun doesn't ___8___ rise in one place”可知，太阳不只是从一个地方升起来，因此在空中穿行。故选C。
20．句意：他知道云会聚集在山丘或山脉附近，雨后常有彩虹。
A. appears出现，B. follows跟随，在……后发生，C. invites邀请，D. brings带来。根据常识，彩虹是在雨后，故选B。
21．句意：当他坐在窗台上的那一刻，他感觉自己正在与大地建立更深的联系。
A. softer更软的，B. harder更努力的，C. lighter更轻的，D. deeper更深的。根据后文的“he's catching those moments with both ___15___ and holding them in his arms.”可知，此处表示要与大地建立更深的联系。故选D。
22．句意：当他坐在窗台上的那一刻，他感觉自己正在与大地建立更深的联系。
A. thoughts思想，B. moments时刻，C. efforts努力，D. money金钱。根据后文的“He then understands what he is enjoying is temporary (短暂的).”可知，此处指的是看月亮的时刻，故选B。
23．句意：月亮不会圆很长时间，彩虹也会很快消失。
A. clouds云，B. rainbows彩虹，C. sun太阳，D. moon月亮。根据“doesn't stay full for long”可知，月亮不会一直是圆的。故选D。
24．句意：然而，他却用双手抓住了这些瞬间，并将它们紧紧地抱在怀里。
A. Moreover而且，B. Otherwise否则，C. Suddenly突然，D. However然而。前半句表示月亮不会圆太久，彩虹会很快消失，后半句表示他会抓住那些时刻，前后表示转折关系，故选D。
25．句意：然而，他却用双手抓住了这些瞬间，并将它们紧紧地抱在怀里。
A. hands手，B. eyes眼睛，C. ears耳朵，D. feet脚。根据“holding them in his arms.”可知，要把它们紧紧抱在怀里，应是先用双手抓住它们。故选A。
(四)
Two brothers worked together on a farm. One was married and had a large family. 26 had no wife yet. Although they lived in different houses, they shared everything they got from their farm.
One day, the single brother said to 27 , “It’s not right that we share all the rice. I’m 28 and I need less than my brother.” So, every night he took a bag of rice from his store-room and 29 across the field 30 their houses, putting it into his brother’s store-room.
At the same time, the married brother thought, “It’s not fair to share all the rice. I’m married and I have my wife and children to 31 me when I am 32 . However, my brother has no one to take care of his future.” So, each night he 33 took a bag of rice and put it into his brother’s store-room.
Several months passed by. They found 34 strange that their rice never became less.
Then, one dark night the two brothers ran into each other. Slowly they began to understand what was happening. Their bags fell onto the ground and tears 35 their eyes at once.
26．A．Other B．The other C．Another
27．A．himself B．his brother C．his children
28．A．poor B．happy C．alone
29．A．go B．goes C．went
30．A．from B．between C．through
31．A．look after B．look for C．look out
32．A．worried B．old C．healthy
33．A．too B．also C．either
34．A．them B．this C．it
35．A．appeared B．filled C．dropped
【答案】
26．B
27．A
28．C
29．C
30．B
31．A
32．B
33．B
34．C
35．B
【分析】
本文讲述的是在农场做工两兄弟。其中一个娶妻生子，另一个独身。由于他们为对方着想，就相互地每晚给对方送一袋大米。几个月后，他们奇怪地发现大米的袋数没有少。直到一个漆黑的夜里他们相遇，才明白了一切，他们的眼里立刻充满的泪水。真是情谊无价。
26．句意：另一个还没有妻子。
Other其他的；The other(两者之中)另一个；Another(三者及以上)另一个。分析文章内容可知，有两兄弟，此处构成“one…the other…”结构，表示“一个……另一个……”。故选B。
27．句意：一天，这个单身的兄弟自言自语道：“我们分享所有的大米是不对的。”
himself他自己；his brother他的兄弟；his children他的孩子。根据后文叙述内容“It’s not right that we share all the rice. I’m 3 and I need less than my brother.”可知，此处是单身的兄弟自言自语说的话。故选A。
28．句意：我孤身一人，我需要比我哥哥更少的东西。
poor贫穷的；happy高兴的；alone独自的。根据“the single brother said to himself”可知，单身的兄弟独自居住，需要的比另一个兄弟少。故选C 。
29．句意：并且穿过他们两个房子之间的田野，存到他兄弟的库里。
go动词原形；goes动词三单；went动词过去式。分析“So, every night he took a bag of rice from his store-room and 4 across the field 5 their houses”可知，此处与and前的took构成并列结构，所以使用过去式形式即可。故选C。
30．句意：并且穿过他们两个房子之间的田野，存到他兄弟的库里。
from从；between在……之间；through通过。根据“So, every night he took a bag of rice from his store-room and 4 across the field 5 their houses”可知，是穿过他们两个房子之间的田野，所以空格处填between。故选B。
31．句意：我结婚了，等我老了，我有妻子和孩子来照顾我。
look after照顾；look for寻找；look out小心。分析上下文并根据“However, my brother has no one to take care of his future.”可知，结婚的这个兄弟就想着当他老了，还有孩子和妻子会照顾他，但是他的兄弟却没人能照顾。故选A。
32．句意：我结婚了，等我老了，我有妻子和孩子来照顾我。
worried担心的；old老的；healthy健康的。根据“However, my brother has no one to take care of his.”可知，单身的那个兄弟没有人关心他的未来，而结婚的这个兄弟老了还有妻子和孩子来照顾他，所以此处强调“老”。故选B。
33．句意：所以，他每天晚上也拿一袋大米，放在他兄弟的储藏室里。
too也，多用于句末；also也，多用于句中；either也，用于否定句句末。分析“So, each night he 8 took a bag of rice and put it into his brother’s store-room.”可知，此处表示“也”，并用于句中行为动词之前，所以用also。故选B。
34．句意：他们感到奇怪的是，他们的大米从未减少过。
them他们；this这个；it它。分析句子可知，此处构成“find it+ adj+ that从句”结构。故选C。
35．句意：他们的包掉在地上，眼泪顿时充满了他们的眼睛。
appeared出现；filled充满；dropped下降。分析上下文可知，兄弟二人知道了彼此的良苦用心，都很感动，所以眼睛满含泪水。故选B。
(一)【2020 •山东省泰安市中考】
It was Thanksgiving. Snow was falling when Bob 41 towards the city park. Bob was deserted(遗弃)by his parents and was raised(抚养)by a kind man. Two years ago, to be 42 , Bob built a tradition. That was to take his Thanksgiving dinner to the park to share with a homeless person.
The park was 43 . Everyone was home enjoying their dinner. After arriving at the park, Bob saw an old woman sitting on a bench(长椅). Bob stopped his car in a parking place and got out. He took the 44 from the front seat and began walking towards her. When he stood beside her, she jumped as if(好像)she had 45 been woken up from sleeping. She looked up 46 Bob, and then her eyes brightened.
“Good evening, madam,” Bob said, smiling. “I’ve brought you some Thanksgiving dinner. Would you like to share it with me?” The woman nodded and Bob served her the food and then watched her 47 she ate happily. When the woman finished, he 48 the table. Then he took twenty dollars out of his wallet.
He put the 49 into her hand. Then he kissed her lightly on the forehead and said, “Thank you for 50 my Thanksgiving dinner.” With that, he took his dishes from the table and returned to the car.
41．A．walked B．drove C．ran
42．A．thankful B．successful C．surprised
43．A．noisy B．crowded C．empty
44．A．flowers B．food C．books
45．A．suddenly B．quietly C．carefully
46．A．after B．to C．at
47．A．because B．as C．since
48．A．cleared B．broke C．covered
49．A．dishes B．money C．keys
50．A．bringing B．cooking C．sharing
【答案】
41．B
42．A
43．C
44．B
45．A
46．C
47．B
48．A
49．B
50．C
【分析】鲍勃被一个好心人收养长大，为了表示感谢，他会在感恩节晚上来到公园，与无家可归的人一起分享感恩节晚餐。
41．句意：鲍勃开车去城市公园的时候正下着雪。
walked步行；drove驾驶；ran跑步。根据下文第二段中“Bob stopped his car in a parking place and got out.”可知，鲍勃是开车去的城市公园，所以此处使用drove。故选B。
42．句意：两年前，为了表示感谢，鲍勃建立了一个传统。
thankful感激的；successful成功的；surprised惊讶的。根据上文中“Bob was deserted(遗弃)by his parents and was raised(抚养)by a kind man.”和下文中“That was to take his Thanksgiving dinner to the park to share with a homeless person.”可知，鲍勃是被一个好心人收养的，他把他的感恩节晚餐带到公园，和一个无家可归的人分享，所以此处使用thankful，表示“为了表示感谢”。故选A。
43．句意：公园里空无一人。
noisy吵闹的；crowded拥挤的；empty空的，无人的。根据下文中“Everyone was home enjoying their dinner.”可知，每个人都在家享用晚餐，所以此处使用empty，表示“公园里空无一人”。故选C。
44．句意：他从前排座位上拿起食物，朝她走去。
flowers花；food食物；books书。根据下文第三段中“I’ve brought you some Thanksgiving dinner.”可知，鲍勃告诉这个女人，他给她买了感恩节晚餐，所以此处使用food，表示“他从前排座位上拿起食物”。故选B。
45．句意：当他站在她身边时，她跳了起来，好像突然从睡梦中醒来。
suddenly突然；quietly静静地；carefully小心地。根据句中jumped可知，此处应使用suddenly，表示“她跳了起来，好像突然从睡梦中醒来”。故选A。
46．句意：她抬头看着鲍勃，然后她的眼睛亮了起来。
after在……之后；to到……；at在。根据上文中“When he stood beside her…”可知，此处使用at，look at看，表示“当鲍勃站在她旁边的时候，她抬头看着鲍勃”。故选C。
47．句意：女人点点头，鲍勃给她端上食物，然后看着她快乐地吃着。
because因为；as当……时候；since自从。根据句中“she ate happily”可知，此处使用as，表示“当这个女人快乐地吃着食物的时候，鲍勃看着她”。故选B。
48．句意：当那个女人吃完后，他清理了桌子。
cleared清理；broke破坏；covered覆盖。根据句中table可知，此处使用cleared，表示“当那个女人吃完后，他清理了桌子”。故选A。
49．句意：他把这钱放在她手里。
dishes菜肴；money钱；keys钥匙。根据上文中“Then he took twenty dollars out of his wallet.”可知，鲍勃从他的钱包里拿出了20美元，所以此处使用money，表示“他把这钱放在这个女人手里”。故选B。
50．句意：然后他轻轻地吻了她的额头，说：“谢谢你分享我的感恩节晚餐”。
bringing带来；cooking烹饪；sharing分享。根据上文第三段中“I’ve brought you some Thanksgiving dinner. Would you like to share it with me?”可知，鲍勃带来了感恩节晚餐，并询问这个女人是否愿意和自己分享晚餐，说明鲍勃想和这个女人分享晚餐，所以此处使用sharing，表示“鲍勃谢谢这个女人分享自己的感恩节晚餐”。故选C。
(三)【2020 •新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团)中考】
My friend Richard went far to work, so he asked me to take care of his yard in the mountains. He worked hard and often kept the yard 31 without any grass. But I was too lazy to sweep the fallen leaves, and I 32 pluck (拔 ) grass, allowing it to grow rapidly. In the early 33 , in March, the leaves were green and soft. A month later, when the leaves spread quickly, I discovered they were like wild orchids (兰花) in the forest.
As the summer came, the "grass" really flowered. The flowers looked like those forest orchids, 34 they were yellow, unlike those purple or brown red forest orchids. I picked one flower, then went to find a friend who studied 35 .As soon as my friend saw it he asked me 36 I picked it. "It's amazing!" He 37 explained, "This kind of orchid is hard to find. Now it is worth at least 10,000 dollars each."
I told the good news to Richard. He was 38 . After a while he said gently, he saw the orchid in the yard every year, but he thought it was common grass, so he always plucked it. He said, "If I could 39 , it would flower a few years before." Yes, all of us might miss some rare( 稀有的) orchids in our own lives. We don't give them the time to flower to prove their value.
Give the "grass" time to flower and give everybody a 40 to prove his value. Don't pluck a leave of any "grass" or negate (否定) a person rudely and how many "rare orchids " we will get in our lives!
31．A．wild B．clean C．dry D．dirty
32．A．sometimes B．often C．never D．always
33．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
34．A．so B．but C．then D．or
35．A．colors B．rivers C．seasons D．plants
36．A．that B．why C．where D．who
37．A．proudly B．successfully C．carelessly D．excitedly
38．A．worried B．surprised C．scared D．relaxed
39．A．wait B．get C．take D．make
40．A．tree B．yard C．flower D．chance
【答案】
31．B
32．C
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
37．D
38．B
39．A
40．D
【分析】本文作者讲述了一个关于兰花的故事。他的朋友理查德去了很远的地方工作，让他照顾他在山上的院子。理查德很勤劳，经常保持院子干净，没有草。而作者懒得去扫落叶，而且从不拔草。春天作者发现院子里长满了像森林里的野生兰花。夏天，他们开花。这些花看起来像那些森林兰花，但它们是黄色的，不像那些紫色或棕红色的森林兰花。作者摘了一朵花，去找一个研究植物的朋友。朋友说这种兰花很难找，现在每一棵至少值1万美元。理查德说他每年都在院子里看到兰花，但他认为那是普通的草，所以他总是拔它们。他说：“如果我能等几年，它就会在几年前开花。”给“草”时间开花，给每个人一个证明自己价值的机会。不要随地摘下任何“草”的叶子，也不要粗暴地否定一个人，也不要轻率地否定我们生活中会得到多少“珍稀兰花”！
31．句意：他很勤劳，经常保持院子干净，没有草。
考查形容词辨析。wild野生的；clean干净的；dry干燥的；dirty脏的。根据上文“worked hard(工作努力/勤劳)”和下文“without any grass(没有草)”可知“他经常保持院子干净”，故选B。
32．句意：但我懒得去扫落叶，而且我从不拔草，让它迅速成长。
考查频度副词。Sometimes有时；often经常；never从不；always总是。根据下文“让它迅速成长”可知“我从不拔草”；故选C。
33．句意：在初春，三月，树叶绿而柔软。
考查名词。spring春天；summer夏天；autumn秋天；winter冬天。根据“三月”可知是“初春”，故选A。
34．句意：这些花看起来像那些森林兰花，但它们是黄色的，不像那些紫色或棕红色的森林兰花。
考查连词辨析。so因此，表示因果关系；but但是，表示转折关系；then那么，然后，表示顺承关系；or或者，表示选择关系。根据句意可知前后句是转折关系，可知填but；故选B。
35．句意：我摘了一朵花，然后去找一个研究植物的朋友。
考查名词辨析。colors颜色；rivers河流；seasons季节；plants植物。根据“我摘了一朵花”可知“去找一个研究植物的朋友”；故选D。
36．句意：我的朋友一看到它就问我在哪儿摘的。
考查宾语从句引导词。that后面跟陈述句；why为什么；where哪里；who谁。根据下文“I told the good news to Richard. … After a while he said gently, he saw the orchid in the yard every year,(我把这个好消息告诉了理查德。…….过了一会儿，他轻轻地说，他每年都会看到院子里的兰花，)”可知此句是“我的朋友一看到它就问我在哪儿摘的。”故选C。
37．句意：他兴奋地解释说：“这种兰花很难找。现在每株至少值1万美元。”
考查副词。proudly骄傲地，自豪地；successfully成功地；carelessly粗心地；excitedly兴奋地。根据下文“这种兰花很难找。现在每株至少值1万美元。”可知“他兴奋地解释说”；故选D。
38．句意：他很惊讶。
考查形容词。worried担心，焦虑；surprised惊讶，惊奇；scared害怕；relaxed放松的。根据上文“I told the good news to Richard.(我把这个好消息告诉了理查德。)这个好消息是“他院子里的长出了兰花，每棵值至少1万美元。”可知“他很惊讶。”故选B。
39．句意：如果我能等几年，它就会在几年前开花。
考查动词辨析。wait等；get获得，得到；take拿，带走；make制作。根据下文“它就会在几年前开花”可知此句是“如果我能等几年”；故选A。
40．句意：给“草”时间开花，给每个人一个证明自己价值的机会。
考查名词辨析。tree树木；yard院子；flower花；chance机会。根据常识和上文“给‘草’时间开花”可知此句是：给每个人一个证明自己价值的机会。故选D。
(四)【2020 •四川凉山中考】
How do you connect with friends? Which would you like 26 , WeChat, letters or sending messages on the phone? Here are some ideas of students from No. 2 Middle School.
Wang Lei likes to 27 friends through sending messages on the phone in his spare time. He thinks it is a good way to express his feelings when he is down. If you are too shy to say anything in front of people, you can use it.
Liu Xin supports the letter." A letter is like a 28 dinner," she said. "It includes lots of information." 29 we have to wait longer for our letters, in today's busy world we need something that is worth waiting for.
Jiang Li is sure to stick to Wechat. Open the Wechat, shake your mobile phone and search for strangers around you! You can make new friends 30 without going outside.
26．A．to receive B．receiving C．to choose D．choosing
27．A．deal with B．come up with C．agree with D．keep in touch with
28．A．small B．big C．poor D．late
29．A．Although B．Whether C．Before D．After
30．A．easy B．easily C．hard D．hardly
【答案】
26．C
27．D
28．B
29．A
30．B
【分析】
文章就“如何与朋友联系”这个话题做的一个调查，并举例几个同学的不同的想法。
26．句意：你想选择哪一种？
to receive接受，动词不定式；receiving接受，现在分词或者动名词形式；to choose选择，动词不定式；choosing选择，现在分词或者动名词形式；根据句意理解及后句WeChat, letters or sending messages on the phone?可知，这里表达的是“选择”，且这里是表达“想要做某事”，英语是would like to do sth，所以这里应该用to do形式，故选C。
27．句意：王磊喜欢在业余时间通过手机短信与朋友保持联系。
deal with处理；come up with想出；agree with同意；keep in touch with保持联系；根据句意理解及文章的开头How do you connect with friends?以及后句He thinks it is a good way to express his feelings when he is down.可知，这里表达的是“保持联系”，故选D。
28．句意：一封信就像一顿丰盛的晚餐。
small小的；big大的；poor贫穷的；late晚的；根据句意理解及后句It includes lots of information.可知，这里是把信比喻成一顿大餐，故选B。
29．句意：虽然为了信件我们要等更长时间。
Although虽然；Whether是否；Before在……之前；After在……之后；根据句意理解及后句in today's busy world we need something that is worth waiting for.可知，前后两句之间是让步关系，所以这里应该用although引导让步状语从句，故选A。
30．句意：你不用出门就可以很容易地交到新朋友。
easy容易的；easily容易地；hard努力的；hardly几乎不；根据句意理解及前句shake your mobile phone and search for strangers around you!以及后句without going outside.可知，这里表达的是“容易地”，空格修饰的是动词，所以应该用副词，故选B。
(五)【2020 •四川绵阳中考】
In school, when children are given tasks, some of them are too lazy to think. They 16 asking parents or teachers what to do instead of thinking by themselves. How then do you teach your children to think critically (批判性地)?
Firstly, allow your children to play 17 , which is important in raising children to think on their own as it forces them to 18 what to play with and how. It is during 19 that children get curious enough to try something.
Secondly, ask them 20 questions. When your children ask you a question, don’t be quick to give a 21 . Help them think about possible answers by asking them questions in turn:“ Hmmm, that’s an interesting question, and 22 do you think the answer should be?" And when they give their opinions, always 23 them.
Thirdly, don’t be quick to get involved when your children make an improper 24 . Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves. Don’t say “you are 25 for doing that". But when your children choose properly, be sure to praise them.
16．A．take up B．stay up C．end up D．give up
17．A．carefully B．freely C．quietly D．happily
18．A．guess B．promise C．learn D．decide
19．A．play B．trip C．discussion D．study
20．A．open-hearted B．happy-ending C．surprise-ending D．open-ended
21．A．reward B．reason C．reply D．report
22．A．what B．how C．why D．which
23．A．correct B．encourage C．accept D．compare
24．A．mistake B．choice C．effort D．excuse
25．A．stupid B．clever C．exciting D．impolite
【答案】
16．C
17．B
18．D
19．A
20．D
21．C
22．A
23．B
24．B
25．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述教孩子们批判性地思考的三个方法。
16．句意：他们最后找父母或者老师解决问题而不是自己思考。
take up占据；stay up熬夜；end up结束；give up放弃。此处用end up doing表示“以做某事来结束”。故选C。
17．句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。carefully小心地；freely自由地；quietly安静地；happily开心地。根据“think on their own”可知此处用副词freely表示“自由地”。故选B。
18．句意：首先，允许你的孩子自由玩耍，这一点很重要，使得孩子自己独立思考因为这能强迫他们决定和谁玩耍以及怎样玩耍。guess猜测；promise承诺；learn学习；decide决定。根据“ what to play with and how”可知此处用动词decide表示“让孩子决定”。故选D。
19．句意： 在玩耍中孩子们足够好奇的去尝试一些事情。
play戏剧，游戏；trip旅行；discussion讨论；study学习。根据前文“allow your children to play”，可知此处用名词play。故选A。
20．句意：第二，问他们开放性的问题。
open-hearted善良诚恳的；happy-ending开心结局的；surprise-ending反转结局的；open-ended开放式结局的。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助他们思考可能性的答案，可知此处用open-ended。故选D。
21．句意：当你的孩子问你问题时，不要立刻给出回复。
reward奖励；reason理由；reply回复；report报告。根据“ask you a question”可知此处表达“给出回复”。故选C。
22．句意：那是一个有趣的问题，你认为答案应该是什么呢？
what什么；how怎样；why为什么；which哪一个。根据“Help them think about possible answers”帮助孩子思考可能的答案，可知此处表达答案是什么。故选A。
23．句意：当他们给出他们的看法，总是鼓励他们。
correct修正；encourage鼓励；accept接受；compare比较。文章讲述鼓励孩子批判性的思考问题，此处用动词encourage表示鼓励。故选B。
24．句意：第三，当你的孩子犯了一个不恰当的选择不要快速地介入。
mistake错误；choice选择；effort努力；excuse借口。根据后文“Let them reflect for a while and try again by themselves”以及 “choose properly”可知此处用choice，表示做了不恰当的选择让他们反思再试一次。故选B。
25．句意：不要说“你那样做很蠢。”
stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的；exciting令人兴奋的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“make an improper choice”可知此处表示“那样做很蠢”。故选A。
(一)【2020 •黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区一模】
What would you do if a friend asked you to help cheat during an exam? Would you___21___or decide to help? This kind of decision has been made___22___by using the "four-way test".
Students in a middle school in Colorado tried___23___a test on Nov 8, 2019. More than 230 eighth graders tried the test. They came up with possible solutions(解决方案) to difficult___24___in school. For example, what would you do if a friend took your things___25___? Then they used the four-way test to decide___26___was the best solution.
The test asks four questions:
1. Are you choosing an honest solution?
2. Is it___27___to everyone involved (涉及的)?
3. Will it build friendship?
4. Will it be beneficial (有益处的) to everyone involved?
If a person can say "___28___" to all of these questions, it seems that he or she is making a good decision.
"It brings real-life experiences___29___to the students," Jack, the teacher of the school said. "It causes the students to think about life."
Tom, 14, found the test to be useful. " If I help my friend cheat on exams, it's not fair or beneficial to everyone involved. So that would be a bad decision," he said. "Since there's a lot of drama going on in school, the four-way test will____30____that."
James, 14, plans to start using the four-way test. "It's a new strategy (策略)," he said. "If I get in fights and conflicts (冲突), I'm going to use it to keep strong."
What would you do if a friend asked you to help cheat during an exam? Would you 36 or decide to help? This kind of decision has been made 37 by using the "four-way test".
Students in a middle school in Colorado tried 38 a test on Nov 8, 2019. More than 230 eighth graders tried the test. They came up with possible solutions(解决方案) to difficult 39 in school. For example, what would you do if a friend took your things 40 ? Then they used the four-way test to decide 41 was the best solution.
The test asks four questions:
1. Are you choosing an honest solution?
2. Is it 42 to everyone involved (涉及的)?
3. Will it build friendship?
4. Will it be beneficial (有益处的) to everyone involved?
If a person can say " 43 " to all of these questions, it seems that he or she is making a good decision.
"It brings real-life experiences 44 to the students," Jack, the teacher of the school said. "It causes the students to think about life."
Tom, 14, found the test to be useful. " If I help my friend cheat on exams, it's not fair or beneficial to everyone involved. So that would be a bad decision," he said. "Since there's a lot of drama going on in school, the four-way test will 45 that."
James, 14, plans to start using the four-way test. "It's a new strategy (策略)," he said. "If I get in fights and conflicts (冲突), I'm going to use it to keep strong."
36．A．turn them up B．turn them down C．turn them on
37．A．much easily B．more easy C．more easily
38．A．such B．so C．very
39．A．surfaces B．predictions C．situations
40．A．in person B．without asking you C．no longer
41．A．which B．that C．where
42．A．stupid B．typical C．fair
43．A．yes B．no C．really
44．A．safely B．friendly C．directly
45．A．argue with B．help with C．agree with
【答案】
36．B
37．C
38．A
39．C
40．B
41．A
42．C
43．A
44．C
45．B
【分析】
在学校生活中，学生经常会遇到一些很难处理的问题，如考试中朋友要求帮助作弊、朋友没经过你的同意拿走你的东西等，那么该怎么解决这些问题呢？这篇短文教给我们一个“四项检测法”，用“四项检测法”，你就可以做出正确的选择。
36．
句意：你会拒绝他们还是决定帮忙？
turn up出现，开大；turn down拒绝，关小；turn on打开。根据asked you to help cheat 要你帮忙作弊，和or decide to help还是决定帮忙，可知是“拒绝”.故选B。
37．
句意：通过使用“四项检测法”这种决定会更容易。
根据使用“四项检测法”和不使用这个方法相比较，可知用比较级，排除A；根据副词修饰动词made，easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词.故选C。
38．
句意：在2019年11月8日科罗拉多一个中学的学生尝试了这样的一个测验。
such如此的，形容词；so如此地，副词；very非常，副词。修饰名词test用形容词，故选A。
39．
句意：他们想出了解决学校困难情况的可能方法。
surfaces 表面；predictions 预言；situations情况、根据solutions解决方案，difficult困难的，可知是“情况”。故选C。
40．
句意：如果你的朋友没有问你拿走了你的东西，你怎么办？
in person 亲自；without asking you没有问你；no longer不再。根据文章这里是举例说明在学校中遇到的难题，可知是“没有问你就拿走你的东西”，故选B。
41．
句意：他们使用“四项检测法”来决定哪个是最好的方法。
which哪一个，代词；that 引导宾语从句，无意义，通常可以省略；where哪里，副词。根据was the best solution可知是“哪一个最好”，在从句中做主语，副词不能做主语。故选A。
42．
句意：这对相关人员是公平吗？
stupid 愚蠢的；typical典型的；fair公平的；根据it's not fair or beneficial to everyone involved.这对相关人员是不公平的也没有好处，可知是“公平的”。故选C。
43．
句意：如果一个人对所有的问题都能说“是”，那么他或她可能在做一个正确的决定。
yes是的；no不；really真地；根据it seems that he or she is making a good decision他或她可能在做一个正确的决定，结合上面的问题可知，如果这些问题答案是肯定的，那就会做出正确的决定。故选A。
44．
句意：它能直接带给学生真正的生活经历。
safely 安全地，副词；friendly有好的，形容词； directly直接地，副词。副词修饰动词bring，排除B；根据It causes the students to think about life它引起学生思考生活，可知是“直接带给学生真正的生活经历”。故选C。
45．
句意：因为学校发生了许多戏剧性的事情，四项检测法将有助于解决这些问题。
argue with 和……争吵；help with 帮助做……agree with同意……。根据found the test to be useful发现这个检测法是有用的，可知是“帮助做决定”。故选B。
(二)【2020 •黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区二模】
Do you get lots of reading tasks as part of your homework? You might wish that you could read faster. There are some people who have said that you can learn to read at high speeds. But experts haven't agreed 46 what they have said.
"Speed reading is not actually possible," said Schotter, a scientist at the University of the US. Schotter 47 that those teach others how to speed read are usually doing it by selling courses and books to make money.
In fact, speed reading 48 since 1959, when Mr Wood introduced a speed reading program. Several US presidents have even asked their 49 to take speed reading courses.
However, there is no real science behind speed reading.
Schotter explained that reading is a complicated (复杂的) task. It includes four stages: a word, retrieving (检索) 50 meaning from your memory, 51 it to other word, in the same sentence, and then moving on to the next word. This process uses many parts of the brain at one time. It can't be sped up.
Some people who are able to speed read 52 simply skimming (扫读). Skimming includes reading a passage quickly and only looking for 53 word or sentence. Skimmer can find out the main idea of a passage—especially if it's a topic they've known about—but they 54 be able to recall all of the details(细节).
So is there a way to become a faster reader? Research suggests you try to 55 you vocabulary and read more.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
46．A．with B．to C．at
47．A．brought out B．tried out C．pointed out
48．A．has been advised B．has advised C．advised
49．A．performers B．clerk C．staff
50．A．their B．its C．it's
51．A．relate B．related C．relating
52．A．/ B．is C．are
53．A．some B．any C．every
54．A．will B．will not C．never
55．A．improve B．rise C．lift
【答案】
46．A
47．C
48．A
49．C
50．B
51．C
52．C
53．A
54．B
55．A
【分析】
本文介绍了专家指出阅读是一个复杂的过程，无法阅读得很快。有些人的速读只是扫读。研究表明，要想读书速度快，我们应努力提高词汇量，多阅读。
46．
句意：但专家们并不同意他们的说法。
A. with和……一起，B. to向，C. at在。agree with“同意……的说法”，故选A。
47．
句意：Schotter指出，那些教别人如何快速阅读的公司通常是通过销售课程和书籍来赚钱的。
A. brought out显示，B. tried out试验，C. pointed out指出来。根据前文的“"Speed reading is not actually possible," said Schotter, ”可知，他认为速度是不可能的，因此指出这些公司只是为了赚钱的。故选C。
48．
句意：事实上，早在1959年伍德先生就提出了快速阅读的建议。
A. has been advised已经被建议，B. has advised已经建议，C. advised建议。根据“since 1959”可知，此处用现在完成时，主语speed reading与谓语advise之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。故选A。
49．
句意：几位美国总统甚至要求他们的工作人员参加速读课程。
A. performers表演者，B. clerk职员，C. staff工作人员。根据句意表示他们的员工，不是一个人，因此用集体名词staff。故选C。
50．
句意：一个单词，从你的记忆中检索它的意思。
A. their他们的，B. its它的，C. it's它是。修饰名词meaning用形容词性物主代词，根据“a word”可知，此处表示这个单词的意思，故选B。
51．
句意：在同一个句子中，将它与其他单词联系起来，然后继续下一个单词。
A. relate叙述，B. related有关系的，C. relating涉及。此处与“retrieving (检索) ____5____meaning from your memory”和“then moving on to the next word”相并列，因此用动名词relating。故选C。
52．
句意：有些能快速阅读的人只是略读.
A. /，B. is是，C. are是。主语some people是复数形式，谓语用复数形式。故选C。
53．
句意：略读包括快速阅读一篇文章，只寻找某个单词或句子。
A. some一些，某个，B. any任何一些，C. every每一个。结合句意，略读是在文中询问某个单词或句子。故选A。
54．
句意：略读：能找出一篇文章的主旨，尤其是当这篇文章是他们已经知道的话题时，但他们却不能回忆起所有的细节。
A. will将，B. will not将不会，C. never从不。连词but前后表示转折关系，but前表示能找出一篇文章的主旨，but后表示不能回忆起所有的细节。故选B。
55．
句意：研究表明，你应该努力提高词汇量，多阅读。
A. improve改善，提高，B. rise增加，C. lift举起。根据前文的“So is there a way to become a faster reader?”可知，要成为一个阅读快的人，因此要提高词汇量。故选A。
(三)【2020 •黑龙江省牡丹江市市区中考一模】
Once upon a time, there were two neighbors living next to each other. One of them was a retired (退休的) teacher and the other was an engineer. 56 of them planted the same plants in their gardens.
The retired teacher gave a small amount (数量) of water to his plants and didn’t always take care of them, 57 the other neighbor interested in technology, gave a lot of water to his plants and 58 them very well.
One day, a storm started suddenly during the night. The next morning, the engineer was 59 to see that his plants were uprooted (将连根起 ). However, the plants 60 the retired teacher planted were very well.
The engineer went to the retired teacher and asked 61 , "We grew the same plants together. I 62 looked after my plants better than you did to yours, and 63 gave them more water. Still, my plants were uprooted, but yours were not. How is that 64 ?"
The retired teacher smiled and said, "You gave your plants more 65 and water, but because of that your plants didn’t need to work to find water. You made it easy for them. While I gave them just proper water and let their roots (根) 66 for more. And their roots went 67 , which made their position stronger."
This story is about parenting and the children are like plants. If everything 68 to them, they will not understand the hard work it takes to get those things. Teach them 69 to walk, but let them follow their path (路线). Sometimes, it’s best to 70 them instead of giving them. This helps to develop their independence.
Choose the best choice from A, B or C according to what you read.
56．A．Neither B．Both C．All
57．A．while B．unless C．though
58．A．dressed up B．parted with C．cared for
59．A．afraid B．surprised C．scared
60．A．who B．whose C．which
61．A．in disbelief B．for sure C．with excitement
62．A．exactly B．actually C．recently
63．A．even B．anyway C．almost
64．A．simple B．necessary C．possible
65．A．attention B．preparation C．pressure
66．A．search B．to search C．searching
67．A．longer and longer B．faster and faster C．deeper and deeper
68．A．gave B．is given C．has given
69．A．why B．how C．when
70．A．accept B．change C．guide
【答案】
56．B
57．A
58．C
59．B
60．C
61．A
62．B
63．A
64．C
65．A
66．A
67．C
68．B
69．B
70．C
【分析】
本文讲述了一位退休老师和一位工程师是邻居，他们种植同样的植物，但是长得却不一样。这位退休的老师给了他的植物少量的水，并不总是照顾它们，但是他的植物长得很好。而那位工程师给了植物很多水，照顾得很好，但是他的植物长得不好。这个故事告诉我们教育孩子就像照顾植物一样。最好是引导孩子而不是给予孩子太多，这有助于培养他们的独立性。
56．
句意：他们俩在花园里种了同样的植物。
A. Neither两者都不，B. Both两者都，C. All三者或三者以上都。根据前文的“there were two neighbors”和根据后文的“We grew the same plants together.”可知，他们两个都种同样的植物，故选B。
57．
句意：这位退休的老师给了他的植物少量的水，并不总是照顾它们，而另一位对工艺感兴趣的邻居，给了它们很多水，把它们照顾得很好。
A. while当……时候，而，B. unless除非，C. though尽管。此处这两个邻居进行对比，故选A。
58．
句意：这位退休的老师给了他的植物少量的水，并不总是照顾它们，而另一位对工艺感兴趣的邻居，给了它们很多水，把它们照顾得很好。
A. dressed up打扮，B. parted with与……分开，C. cared for关心。根据前半句的“gave a lot of water to his plants”可知，他给植物很多水，因此表示照顾得非常好。故选C。
59．
句意：第二天早上，这位工程师惊讶地看见他的植物被连根拔起。
A. afraid担心的，B. surprised惊讶的，C. scared害怕的。根据“to see that his plants were uprooted”可知，看见他的植物被连根拔起，他感到惊讶，故选B。
60．
句意：然而，那位退休老师种的植物非常好。
A. who先行词是人，且在句中作主语；B. whose先行词是物，且在句中作定语；C. which先行词是物，且在句中作主语或宾语。先行词plants表示事物，后面的定语从句中谓语planted后缺少宾语，因此用which引导定语从句，故选C。
61．
句意：工程师走到退休教师面前，难以置信地问。
A. in disbelief难以置信地，B. for sure毫无疑问，C. with excitement兴奋地。根据后文的“Still, my plants were uprooted, but yours were not.”可知，这位工程师的植物被连根拔起，那位退休工程师的植物却很好，因此他感到难以置信，故选A。
62．
句意：我实际上比你更好地照顾我的植物，甚至给它们更多的水。
A. exactly恰好地，B. actually事实上，C. recently最近。根据前文的“______2______the other neighbor interested in technology, gave a lot of water to his plants and ____3____ them very well.”可知，事实上这位工程师照顾得植物更好，故选B。
63．
句意：我实际上比你更好地照顾我的植物，甚至给它们更多的水。
A. even甚至，B. anyway无论如何，C. almost几乎。此处强调给他的植物更多的水，故选A。
64．
句意：这怎么可能？
A. simple简单的，B. necessary必要的，C. possible可能的。结合上文可知，自己给植物更多的照顾，却长得不如那位退休老师的好，因此认为这是怎么可能的，故选C。
65．
句意：你给了你的植物更多的关心和水，但正因为如此，你的植物不需要努力来寻找水。
A. attention注意力，B. preparation准备，C. pressure压力。根据前文的“______2______the other neighbor interested in technology, gave a lot of water to his plants and ____3____ them very well.”可知，他给他的植物更多的关注，故选A。
66．
句意：而我只是给它们适当的水，让它们的根去寻找更多的水。
A. search搜寻，是动词原形；B. to search搜寻，是动词不定式；C. searching搜寻，是动名词或现在分词。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，故选A。
67．
句意：它们的根越来越深，这使它们的地位更加稳固。
A. longer and longer越来越长，B. faster and faster越来越快，C. deeper and deeper越来越深。根据“which made their position stronger.”可知，能让植物更加稳固，应是它们的根更深了。故选C。
68．
句意：如果什么都给了它们，它们就不会明白获得这些东西需要付出多大的努力。
A. gave给，是一般过去时；B. is given被给，是一般现在时的被动形式；C. has given给，是现在完成时。主语everything与谓语give之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故选B。
69．
句意：教他们如何走路，但让他们走自己的路。
A. why为什么，B. how如何，C. when何时。根据句意，此处表示教他们如何走路，故选B。
70．
句意：有时候，最好是引导他们，而不是给予他们。
A. accept接受，B. change改变，C. guide指导。根据前文的“Teach them___14_____ to walk,”可知，此处表示教授他们，因此是指导他们，故选C。
(四)【2020 •浙江省杭州市下城区一模】
"Oh boys, don't throw stones at the poor bird," said an old gray-headed man, "Sir." said a little fellow, "she makes such a loud noise that we can't suffer from her" "Yes, but she uses the voice which 71 gave her, and I am afraid the stone will rebound (弹回), and 72 you as long as you live!" "Rebound! We don't understand you, sir!" "Well, come and I will tell you a story.
"Fifty years ago, I was a boy like you. I used to throw stones 73 I became very skilled. One day I went to work for an old couple. They were very kind to everybody and everything. 74 had so many birds making their nests under the roofs of their houses. The birds seemed to 75 the couple. One of the birds got used to building her nest in the same place and 76 her young chicks there. She and her mate had just returned when I went there to work and the couple welcomed them heartily. The bird hopped about as if she was glad to be back. During the day, I thought I would try my 77 upon her. She sat on a pole and looked at me trustfully. I found a nice stone, and I threw it with my greatest skill.It struck the bird on the head and she drooped dead! "
"I was sorry when I saw her 78 . But the deed was done. I said 79 to the old couple about it. But one of their grandchildren told them what I had done. Though the couple 80 said a word to me. I knew that they were deeply saddened by my bad behavior. I could never 81 them in the face afterwards. Oh, that I should have told them how sorry I was!"
"They have been 82 many years and so has the poor bird; but don't you see 83 that stone rebounded, and hit me? How much the 84 of it has hurt me! For fifty years I have remembered it. I have never spoken of it before; but if what I have said will 85 you from throwing a stone that may rebound I will be happy. "
71．A．nature B．trainer C．talent D．experience
72．A．remind B．hurt C．punish D．recall
73．A．as B．when C．until D．while
74．A．Many B．None C．All D．Few
75．A．love B．hate C．fear D．surprise
76．A．held B．raised C．lived D．grew
77．A．ability B．work C．skill D．idea
78．A．fall B．fly C．hide D．cry
79．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything
80．A．hardly B．nearly C．totally D．never
81．A．look for B．look into C．look at D．look over
82．A．dead B．angry C．sad D．sorry
83．A．what B．where C．how D．why
84．A．accident B．memory C．event D．activity
85．A．separate B．protect C．prevent D．help
【答案】
71．A
72．B
73．C
74．D
75．A
76．B
77．C
78．A
79．B
80．D
81．C
82．A
83．C
84．B
85．C
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了一位老人看见小男孩向鸟扔石头，他阻止了他们，给他们讲了自己小时候向鸟扔石头杀死鸟而终生后悔的故事。
71．
句意：但她用的是大自然赋予她的声音。
nature自然；trainer训练师；talent有才能的；experience经历，经验。根据上文“she makes such a loud noise that we can't suffer from her”可知，不能忍受小鸟的噪音，可知下文是说她的声音是大自然给予她的。这里是大自然。故选A。
72．
句意：我怕石头会反弹，伤害你一辈子！
remind 提醒； hurt 伤害；punish 惩罚；recall召回。根据上文“and I am afraid the stone will rebound (弹回)”可知，这里是说石头反弹回来会伤害你一辈子。故选B。
73．
句意：我过去常常扔石头，直到我变得非常熟练。
as 当……时候；when 当……时候； until 直到； while当……的时候。根据下文“I became very skilled.”可知，这里是直到我变得很有技能。这里是时间状语从句，用until连接。故选C。
74．
句意：他们对每个人都很好。很少有这么多鸟在屋顶下筑巢。
Many许多；None没有人； All 全都； Few很少。根据下文“They were very kind to everybody and everything.”可知，这里是说他们非常的好，很少有这么多的鸟在他们的屋顶下筑巢。故选D。
75．
句意：鸟儿们似乎很喜欢这对夫妇。
love爱； hate 讨厌；fear害怕；surprise吃惊的；根据上文“They were very kind to everybody and everything. ___4___ had so many birds making their nests under the roofs of their houses.”可知，这里是说那对夫妇人好，所以鸟们喜欢那对夫妇。故选A。
76．
句意：其中一只鸟习惯于在同一个地方筑巢，并在那里养育幼雏。
held举行； raised 筹集，养育； lived 居住；grew长大。根据上文“One of the birds got used to building her nest in the same place”可知，这里是他们习惯在同一个地方筑巢，可知在这里养育幼鸟。故选B。
77．
句意： 我想我要在她身上试试我的本领。
ability能力；work 工作；skill技能；idea主意。根据下文“She sat on a pole and looked at me trustfully. I found a nice stone, and I threw it with my greatest skill It struck the bird on the head and she drooped dead!”可知，这里是我想在那只鸟身上试试技能。故选C。
78．
句意：当我看到她掉下来时我很抱歉。
fall落下； fly飞；hide 隐藏；cry哭。根据“I was sorry”及上文他想在鸟身上试试技能。可知是用石头打到那只鸟了。故选A。
79．
句意：但事情已经做了。我对那对老夫妇什么也没说。
everything一切； nothing 没什么；something 某物； anything任何东西。根据“I was sorry when I saw her ___8___ . But the deed was done.”可知，他对那对夫人什么都没说。这里是表示什么都没说。故选B。
80．
句意： 虽然那对夫妇从来没跟我说过一句话。
hardly 几乎不；nearly 几乎；totally完全地； never绝不，从不。根据下文“I knew that they were deeply saddened by my bad behavior.” 我知道他们对我的不良行为深感悲痛。可知，这里是说尽管那对夫妇人们都没有说，这里是否定意义。故选D。
81．
句意：我以后再也不能当面看他们。哦，我真该告诉他们我有多抱歉！
look for寻找；look into考查，调查； look at 看；look over浏览。根据“Oh, that I should have told them how sorry I was!”可知，这里是说不能面对面的看他们。故选C。
82．
句意：他们已经死了很多年了，可怜的小鸟也死了。
dead 死的；angry 生气的；sad悲伤的；sorry对不起。根据“so has the poor bird”可知，这里是他们已经死了好多年了。那只小鸟也是。故选A。
83．
句意：但你没看见那块石头是怎么弹起来的，然后打到我身上的吗？
what 什么；where 在哪儿； how怎样；why为什么。根据下文“and hit me”可知，上文是那块石头是怎样打在我身上的。故选C。
84．
句意：对它的记忆伤害了我多少！
accident事故；memory 记忆； event 事件；activity 活动。根据“For fifty years I have remembered it.”可知，我一直记着，可知这里是它的记忆对我的伤害。故选B。
85．
句意：但如果我所说的话能阻止你扔一块可能反弹的石头，我会很高兴的。
separate分开； protect 保护； prevent阻止； help帮助。这里是说如果我说的话能阻止你扔石头，我会高兴。故选C。
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