高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题二介词和介词短语基础巩固 (含解析)

专题二　介词和介词短语

基础巩固

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.(2017课标全国卷Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and 　　　work. 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　

2.(2017课标全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 　　　 engineering or architecture.  

3.(2016课标全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back 　　　 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 

4.(2016课标全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused 　　　 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. 

5.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia;in India, for example, most people traditionally eat 　　　 their hands. 

6.For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 　　　 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. 

7.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day;　　　 the same time, they warm up again for the night. 

8.(2015广东卷)He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 　　　 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what was left. 

9.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up　　　 influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.  

10.Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68℃　　　the average. 

11.(2015福建,22)A common memory they all have 　　　their schooldays is the school uniform. 

12.I’m going to take advantage　　　 this tour to explore the history of the castle.  

13.This meeting room is a non-smoking area;I would like to warn you 　　　advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 

14.(2015陕西,12)The little pupil took his grandma 　　　the arm and walked her across the street. 

15.Anyway,we’re here now,so let’s get down　　　some serious work. 

16.These comments came in response 　　　specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 

17.(2015福建,32)Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony 　　　nature. 

18.(2015安徽,33)They believe that there are transport developments 　　　the corner that will bring a lot of changes for the better. 

19.(2017河南八市重点高中质检)Ocean currents changed 　　　the climate and probably led the fish into different areas. 

20. (2017河北正定中学月考)Sichuan is home 　　　　 pandas, also the starting point of the Southern Silk Road.  

21.Apart 　　　 the cold, thin air and low oxygen levels can also cause mountain sickness. 

22.(2017河北唐山调研)Then he turned 　　　 alcohol for help to forget the sadness. 

23.I don’t think that your lecture got across 　　　 the audience, for they appeared quite puzzled. 

24.A flood of corrupt officials(贪官)have been punished in China, which shows the government’s determination to fight 　　　corruption 　　　the end. 

Ⅱ.单句改错

1.(2017课标全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.

2.(2016课标全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.

3.(2016课标全国卷Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college.

4.While they chatted, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.

5.(2015课标全国卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.

6.(2015课标全国卷Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.

7.My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.

8.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评) Firstly, you can share with efficient learning experience to promote your English study.

9.(2017江西赣中南五校一模) Hope you reply me soon.

10. (2017湖北襄阳调研) They say they have learned what is not taught in textbooks and have got a great deal practice.

11.(2017山西晋商四校联考)In Sunday morning, Li Lin was about to study when his father came up and advised him to have a break.

12.(2017福建龙岩3月质检) Cellphones make it more convenient for us to search what we need.

13.In Saturday afternoon, my friends and I decided to cook some traditional Chinese food.

14.Therefore, make the most every second you have with your beloved, for time keeps going, waiting for no one.

15.In the end, he decided to pay our ice cream.

16.We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake listening music.

答案精解精析

Ⅰ.1.from　此处为常用表达“to and from work”,意为“上下班”。故空格处填介词from。

2.in　a degree in...指的是“……方面的学位”。故空格处填介词in。

3.to　go back to为动词短语,意为“追溯到”。故空格处填介词to。

4.on　be focused on为常用短语,意为“集中于,关注,聚焦”。 故空格处填介词on。

5.with　根据空格处的作用和语境可知,此处指的是“用”。故空格处填介词with。

6.by　此处为介词短语by car,意为“乘小汽车”。故空格处填介词by。

7.at　at the same time为介词短语,意为“同时”。故空格处填介词at。

8.for　此处为动词短语“exchange...for...”,意为“用……交换……”。故空格处填介词for。

9.in　本句采用定语从句的形式考查介词。 “we grow up　　　”为定语从句,先行词为the cultures,将先行词代入定语从句后为:We grow up in the cultures.故设空处填介词in。  

10.above　句意:去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,全球气温超过了平均气温0.68摄氏度。根据语境可知此处表示“在……之上,高于”,所以要用介词above。

11.of　句意:他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。本句包含一个定语从句“they all have 　　　their schooldays”,将先行词代入定语从句后为:They all have a common memory 　　　their schooldays.由此可见设空处填of。 

12.of　句意:我打算利用这次旅行去探索那座城堡的历史。take advantage of利用。

13.in　句意:这间会议室是无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果在这儿吸烟的话你会被罚款的。in advance提前,事先。

14.by　句意:那个小学生挽着他奶奶的手臂护送她过了马路。此处的by用于引出触及或抓住的身体的某个部位。

15.to　句意:反正我们现在都在这儿,那我们开始做一些重要的工作吧。get down to 开始做。

16.to　句意:对于当地新闻记者常常问起的特定问题,这些评论正好做 出了回复。in response to作为对……的回应。

17.with　句意:人类生活被认为是大自然的一部分,严格说来,我们生存的唯一方式是与大自然和谐相处。in harmony with与……协调。

18.around　句意:他们相信交通的发展即将到来了,这将会带来很多更好的变化。around the corner即将到来。

19.with　句意:洋流随着气候变化,并可能会把鱼带到不同的区域。with由于,随着。

20.to　be home to...为固定句型,意为“是……的故乡、产地”。

21.from　句意:除了寒冷以外,空气稀薄和氧含量低也会导致高山病。apart from除……之外。

22.to　句意:后来,为了忘记那些悲伤,他求助于酒。turn to...for help向……求助。

23.to　句意:我认为听众没听懂你的讲座,因为他们看上去非常困惑。get across to sb.被某人理解。

24.against;to　句意:在中国很多贪官已经被惩罚了,这表明了政府与腐败斗争到底的决心。fight against...to the end与……斗争到底。

Ⅱ.1.删除第二个of　realize是一个及物动词,后面可直接跟宾语,不需要使用介词。故删除of。

2.becoming前加of　dream of为动词短语,意为“梦想……”。故在becoming之前添加介词of。

3.to→for　此处为动词短语“leave...for...”,意为“离开某地去某地”。故to改为for。

4.in→on　on the top of为介词短语,意为“在……的顶部”。故in改为on。

5.on→with　with the development of为介词短语,意为“随着……的发展”。故on改为with。

6.on→in　句意:托尼在商店的橱窗里看到了一个玩具。根据语境可知,介词on使用错误,应改为in。

7.from→of　语境指的是教室的三面是由玻璃制作的,此处可以看出原材料,故from改为of。

8.去掉with　share sth.分享某物。本句中share为及物动词,故将with删除。

9.reply后加to　句意:希望你很快给我答复。reply to sb.答复某人。

10.deal后加of　a great deal of为固定短语,意为“许多”。

11.In→On　表示在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上时,需用介词on而非in。

12.search后加for　search for sth.搜寻/搜索某物。根据本句意思可知需在search后加for。

13.In→On　表示在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上时,需用介词on。

14.the most后加of　make the most of为固定短语,意为“充分利用”。

15.pay后加for　pay for sth.为固定短语,意为“为……付款”。

16.listening后加to　listen为不及物动词,后加宾语时需加介词to。