高考英语构词法课件

这是一份高考英语构词法课件，共30页。PPT课件主要包含了高考感知，前缀后缀，十大词类，Practice，Sum up，skillful，officially，latest等内容，欢迎下载使用。

佳句背诵（课前三分钟候课）1. Brn in America, Thmas Edisn was a great scientist and inventr.2. Only by prtecting the envirnment can we live a better life. 3. Nt nly d after-class activities make yur life clrful, but als they imprve yur learning.
Teaching aims:1. T knw abut wrd frmatin especially derivatin（派生）.2. T help students enlarge their vcabulary by learning wrd frmatin. 3. T strengthen students’ self-cnfidence in grammar learning.
1.(2018全国I，68）T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surfaces, d exercises t _________(strength)yur leg muscles,avid hills and get gd running shes.2.(2018全国I，69）Running is cheap, easy and it's always_________(energy). 3.(2018全国Ⅲ，66）I'm a________(science)wh studies animals such as apes and mnkeys.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ,69)Hwever, be________(care) nt t g t extremes.5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ,70)It is ________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.6．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ,66)She is determined t carry n with her ___________ (educate)．7．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ42)Handle the mst imprtant tasks first syu'll feel a real sense f ___________ (achieve)．
achievement
构词法就是一个单词通过转化、派生、合成等构成另一个新词的方法。高考命题虽以考纲所列词汇为依据，但考纲词汇通过构词法变成的新词是不算超纲词的，这类词在每年每份试卷中约有50个，如果不掌握好构词法，这几十个词很可能会成为我们阅读的障碍。不仅如此，需要构词法解答的题，在语法填空中会有1-3题，短文改错中会有1-2题。因此，掌握构词法，非常必要。
需要构词法知识解答的语法填空和短文改错题主要考查以下三点：1. 作主语、动词宾语或介词宾语，用_____2. 作定语、表语和补语，一般用_______3. 修饰动词、形容词、介词短语、从句或整个句子，要用_____
本节重点给同学们介绍主要的构词方法和常见的前缀和后缀即派生法，并通过构词法来复习尽可能多的考纲词汇。
三种构词法: 1.派生(Derivatin): 2.合成(Cmpunding): 3.转化(Cnversin)
通过加前缀或后缀构成另外一个词: eg. happy---- unhappy ( 加前缀) happy---- happiness ( 加后缀)
由两个或更多的词合成一个词 eg. wd( 木)+ cut( 刻)----wdcut( 木刻)
由一个词类转化为另一个词类: eg. water ( n.)水 --- water ( v.)浇水
三个词语的含义：词根：词缀：词类：
构成词义的最小单位，不可再分。
派生法（也称词缀法），即由一个词根加上前缀或后缀，构成另一个单词的构词法，添加在词根前面的构成部分叫前缀，它一般不改变原词的词性，只改变其词义。添加在词根后面的构成部分叫后缀，它改变了原词的词性，有时可改变其词义。简言之：前缀改变单词词义；词根决定单词意思；后缀决定单词词性。
imbalance, immral, immdest
irrespnsible
illgical, illiterate
- al ; – an ; – ern; -ble ; –ish ; –ive; – y; -ful ; - less 表示具有…的性质, 或与…有关 e.g. practical , American, suthern , pssible, flish, native, rainy, careless，careful
动词后缀: -fy (使…化) ; -ize (使…成为) ; –en(使…） e.g. satisfy , beautify; realize , symblize, deepen, lengthen
副词后缀: - ly 表示方式,程度 : freely ，happily-ward (s) 表示方向 : westwards
数词后缀:- teen 十 furteen-ty整十位数 frty -th序数词 fifth twelve序数词_______________twenty序数词______________
Test yurself
1.admire v_________n 2.admit v_________n3.anxius adj________n 4.aplgise v_______n5.cmpete v_______n 6.cnvenient adj_____反7.grw v _________n 8.high adj _________n9.hungry adj_________n 10.nise n_________adj 11.able adj_________v 12.beautiful adj______v13.press v _______n 14.true adj______adv15.taste v_________adj 16.mud n_________adj17.benefit n/v______adj 18.argue v_______n19.rely v_______adj 20.energy n_______adj21.wise adj_______n 22.prud adj_______n
Test yurself
1.admire v admiratinn 2.admit v admissin n3.anxius adj anxiety n 4.aplgise v aplgy n5.cmpete v cmpetitin n 7.grw v grwth n6.cnvenient adj incnvenient反 8.high adj height n9.hungry adj hunger n 10.nise n nisy adj 11.able adj enable v 12.beautiful adj beautify v13.press v pressure n 14.true adj truly adv15.taste v tasty adj 16.mud n muddy adj17.benefit n/v beneficial adj 18.argue v argument n19.rely v reliable adj 20.energy n energetic adj21.wise adj wisdm n 22.prud adj pride n
1… Mr Chen has taught me English since Junir 1, and t shw my (appreciate) I decided t get her a present. 　2. __________(lucky), I arrived just t late t meet them. 　3.We aplgise fr any____________(cnvenient)caused by the delayed. 4. “Thirty-five cents,” she said (rude).
appreciatin
incnvenience
二. 用所给单词的正确形式填空
5. I must knw hw t care fr thers and try nt t (understand) them. 6. …yu have dne well and made great achievement in the (entertain) field. 7. These peple have made great __________ (cntribute) t China with their wrk.8．The strm damaged several_________ (new) built buildings
misunderstand
entertainment
cntributins
9．Numerus studies have shwn that free play is very (benefit). It can help children becme creative.10…. they can see plays, films, peras, and shws f every kind, nt t mentin the latest _______ (excite) ftball match. 11.Hwever, the prgrams have als led t prblems such as________(legal)parking, deliberate damaging and theft.
给出动词→排除掉填谓语动词及非谓语动词外，考虑其否定词（dis- /mis），名词（-ment/ atin /-er等表身份人物的后缀），形容词（-able /-ed /-ing ) 给出名词→形容词（ 常考ce↔t，天气类常加-y，或者考-ful/-less等）给出形容词→比较级，最高级，副词（修饰adj / verb / sentence），名词（情感类常加-ness）两个en含有使动用法: en - （enrich) -en (widen)注意，有时填名词时还得注意单复数，动词，名词，形容词时都有可能会考否定形式，一定要根据语境来判断。
三、语篇填空 使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（以考查词语派生为主）。 The Racnteurs (虎烂乐队)make music that lives up t the band’s name. The wrd “racnteur” describes a persn wh is [1] ____________ (skill) at telling stries. The band members describe [2] ___________ (them) as a new band made up f ld friends. All the band members have funded music careers by ding ther prjects. But they decided t cme tgether as a band t try smething [3]_______ (difference).
The lead [4] _______ (sing) f the Racnteurs may sund familiar. Jack White is als a member f the band [5] ________ (call) the White Stripes（白色条纹乐队）. The Racnteurs als include the sngwriter and guitarist Brendan Bensn. These [6] ___________ (music) had perfrmed tgether ver the years. But in 2005, they decided t play tgether [7] __________ (fficial) as the Racnteurs.
The Racnteurs' [8] _______ (late) album is called “Cnslers f the Lnely.” The band released the album in an [9] __________ (usually) way. They [10]__________ (annunce) their new album nly a week befre it went n sale t avid the usual publicity created by critics(评论家).
had annunced
Success can never be easy achieved. Prbably I can't be anther Edisn himself, but I will wrk hard t be a wrthy persn.