专题05阅读理解III推理判断题考点5预测推断题2022年英语二轮复习讲 练 测-练案

专题05 阅读理解III 推理判断 

考点5  预测推断--讲•练•测---练案

时间：30分钟  满分：30

1.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三上学期期末】

China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture. In comparison with Western methods, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) adopts a vastly different approach. For thousands of years, Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases, therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies (哲学).

The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence (结果) of the balance between Yin and Yang. Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm, and Yin is the inner base to store and provide energy. When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed, people fall ill.

One of the traditional techniques of TCM, acupuncture (针刺疗法) means insertion of needles into superficial (表面的) structures of the body—usually at acupoints (穴位)—to restore the Yin Yang balance. It is often accompanied by moxibustion (艾灸疗法), which involves burning mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.

The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon. It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the fundamental and most representative medical text in China.

Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles. And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition. The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies. In 2010, acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO. Presently, TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID-19 since its outbreak in January 2020.

1．What is the key feature of TCM?

A．It adopts different medical approaches. B．It's based on ancient Chinese philosophies.

C．It helps to restore body's self-balance. D．It's gained experience through rich practice.

2．What can we learn about The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text?

A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.

B．It's a foundation of world medical research.

C．it stresses the importance of using acupoints.

D．It greatly contributes to the development of TCM.

3．Why does the writer write this text?

A．To review the development of TCM. B．To introduce TCM to the world.

C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart. D．To argue for TCM in fighting COVID-19.

4．What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text?

A．How TCM helps in the current situation. B．Why TCM is gaining popularity.

C．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO. D．How other countries adopt TCM.

2.【海南省海口市第一中学高三月考】

Slowly but surely, we're moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices in our life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds with reduced delay. Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the US top out at an average of 19. 42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit （千兆）speeds.

“5G is one of those heralds （使者），along with artificial intelligence , of this coming data age.” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. “The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age，and that is to say，it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have massive amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. It's pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, and also connected infrastructure （基础设施）construction. There is lots of data behind that task, which is why we need the high speed.   

And virtual reality glasses and headsets haven't yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smart phones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist— or even replace — smart phones.

Ericsson stated at February's Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.

But don't get too excited. There is still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities.

1．What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A．A right security of 5G. B．The super speed of 5G.

C．A potential dream of 5G. D．The present world of 5G.

2．What do some tech companies expect of virtual reality glasses?

A．They will be heavier than present ones.

B．They will process power on their own.

C．They will serve people instead of smart phones.

D．They will bring a big fortune to tech companies.

3．What will the author tell us in the next paragraph?

A．How to fully expand 5G coverage.

B．How to effectively reduce 5G trials.

C．How to nicely operate 5G hardware.

D．How to widely construct 5G big cities.

3.【湖南省名校联考联合体第二次联考】

Video games get a bad name. Many are unquestionably violent and they have been accused of corrupting (使堕落) the mind of youth. Yet the good news is that two studies carried out recently show that video games have a bright side as well as a dark one.

One was conducted by Douglas Gentile of Iowa State University. He and his colleagues asked a group of 161 American students to play one of four games for 20 minutes. Some were given “Ty2” or “Crash Twinsanity”, both of which involve fighting and destroying things. Others were assigned “Chibi-Robo!”, which involves helping characters by doing things for them, or “Super Mario Sunshine”, in which players clean up pollution.

Their games over the participants were asked to choose 11 of 30 easy, medium or hard puzzles for a partner to complete, and told that their partner would receive a gift if he could complete ten of them. Those who had been playing pro-social (亲社会的) games were significantly more likely to help their partner by selecting easy puzzles. The opposite was true for those assigned violent games.

The second controlled experiment, by Tobias Greitemeyer of the University of Sussex confirms Dr Gentile's finding. In this piece of research, Dr Greitemeyer asked 46 British student to play one of two classic games. In the pro-social one, “Lemmings”, the aim is to protect rabbits from various dangers. By contrast “Tetris” acted as a neutral control (中性对照). In this game players have fun with building blocks instead of saving furry animals.

Playtime over, the students were asked to complete a story involving a diner speaking to a restaurant manager after waiting for an hour to be served and then having food spilt (溢出) on him by a waitress. Those who had played “Lemmings” suggested endings in which the characters in the stories exhibited significantly more kind thoughts, responses and actions than the ones suggested by the “Tetris” players.

The outcome of both studies is that video games are like any other medium. Entertain the user with aggressive (好斗的) thoughts and you risk making him ready to attack others. Entertain him with the milk of human kindness and the opposite will probably happen.

1．What can be inferred from Paragraph 1?

A．Video games are only popular with the youth.

B．Video game companies aren't good at choosing names.

C．Violence is the characteristic of all video games.

D．People generally hold a negative attitude to video games.

2．Which game is more likely to make players aggressive?

A．Ty2. B．Chibi-Robo!

C．Tetris. D．Super Mario Sunshine.

3．Which of the following is TRUE?

A．“Crash Twinsanity” involves protecting things from destroying.

B．Players clean up pollution in “Super Mario Sunshine”.

C．Players playing pro-social games are likely to stop their partner.

D．The second controlled experiment was conducted by Douglas Gentile.

4．As for the story in Paragraph 5 which ending is probably suggested by the “Lemmings” players?

A．The waitress was fired.

B．The diner refused to pay for the meal.

C．The diner asked the manager not to blame the waitress.

D．The waitress was asked to pay for the laundry of the dirtied clothes.

4.【安徽省“皖豫联盟体”高三上学期第一次大联考】

City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes,then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air thah forest trees.

As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without C02. However, CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石）fuels，have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.

Studies had shown forests readily absorb C02，but there hadn’t been much data on whether city trees grow， die and absorb CO2 at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.

To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree’s diameter increases as it grows, just as a person’s waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years’ tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more C02.

City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest，trees tend to grow close together，shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.

1. What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?

A. It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.

B. It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.

C. It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.

D. It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.

2. Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?

A. To know about their growth rates.

B. To find out how much they weigh.

C. To check whether they were healthy.

D. To assess the carbon amounts in them.

3. What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?

A. They are more likely to access growth promoters.

B. They can enjoy more water coming from the air.

C. They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.

D. They are better at competing for light.

4. What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?

A. How urban trees can live longer.

B. Why city living makes trees die young.

C. How trees respond to dry soil conditions.

D. Why faster-growing trees absorb more C02.

5.【2021届重庆市南开中学高三高考第三次适应性考试】

Need for closure is a psychological term that describes a person's desire for a firm answer to a question. Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty. Every person has their own baseline level of need for closure. It likely evolved via natural selection.

What I find really fascinating is how our need for closure is affected by the situation we're in. Our need for closure rises when we have to act rather than just observe, and it matters much more when we're rushed, or bored, or tired. Any stress can make our discomfort with uncertainty increase, and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions: who we decide to trust, whether we admit we're wrong and even how creative we are.

In hiring, for instance, a high need for closure leads people to put far too much weight on their first impression. It's called the Urgency Effect. In one experiment, psychologists tried to lower people's need for closure by telling them, right before participants are about to make various judgments of a job candidate, that they'll be responsible in some way for them, or that their judgments have serious consequences.

In making any big decision, it's not enough just to know that we should take our time. We all know that important decisions shouldn't be rushed. The problem is that we don't keep that advice in mind when it matters. So, one of the best solutions is to formalize the reminders. Before making important decisions, write down not just advantages and disadvantages but what the consequences could be. Also, think about how much pressure you're under. If your need for closure is particularly high that day, it's even more important to think twice.

1．How does "need for closure" probably come into being?

A．By accident. B．By nature.

C．By acquiring. D．By imitating.

2．It can be inferred that a high need for closure ______.

A．brings about more stress

B．leads to not so good decisions

C．causes discomfort and uncertainty

D．promotes one's creativity

3．In the experiment the psychologists reduced participants’ need for closure by telling them to ______.

A．value their first impression

B．be responsible for their boss

C．be cautious about their judgments

D．pay little attention to the consequences

4．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A．More helpful solutions to high need for closure.

B．Some serious consequences of making decisions.

C．Other approaches to making important decisions.

D．Another strategy to escape the pressures of modern life.