高考写作素材及话题表达积累--内卷式教育方式的具体表现、背景和利弊 2022届高考英语外刊学习
展开内卷式教育方式的具体表现、背景和利弊
外刊原句素材
一 具体表现
1 “Tiger parents” prioritize schoolwork above all else and only allow children to participate in activities in order to potentially win awards which they believe will increase the chance of the child's acceptance to the elite universities.
虎爸虎妈把学业放在首位，只允许孩子参加活动，以便有可能赢得他们认为会增加孩子被精英大学录取机会的奖项。
【they believe作插入语，不作句子主要成分】
tiger parents表示虎爸虎妈。这个词是源于2011年火爆全球的《虎妈战歌》(Battle the Hymn of the Tiger Mother)一书。在平时的写作中，建议使用pushy/controlling parents。虎妈式的教育方式可以翻译为demanding parenting。
2 Children are often whisked off after school to tutoring agencies to keep them away from play, which is synonymous in their parents’ minds with idleness and failing exams.
孩子们常常在放学后被匆匆送到培训机构，从而避免他们玩，而玩在他们父母眼里就等同于懒惰和考试考不过。
【be synonymous with与...等同】
tutoring agency/outfit表示培训机构。
培训机构的老师一般叫做tutor或instructor(教授某种技能的培训老师，如swimming instructor)；而体制内学校的老师通常才被称为teacher。
3 Tiger parents put a heavy emphasis on the pursuit of academic success at the expense of other character traits that are just as crucial for future career success, such as social skills, dealing with people, and emotional intelligence.
虎爸虎妈非常重视对于孩子成绩的追求，而忽视了培养对未来事业成功同样至关重要的其他性格特征，如社交技能、与人打交道和情商。
academic success就是成绩优秀的意思，也可以写成academic excellence/achievements。
如果是动词形式，则用do well academically或excel academically，相比于中式英语have good grades要地道地多。
二 背景/原因
1 Exam-oriented education应试教育
East Asian countries often adopt a strict exam-oriented approach in teaching, which encourages rote memorization. Some argue that this approach encourages uniformity while eschewing creativity, questioning, autonomy, diversity and critical or independent thinking.
东亚的国家经常采用严格的应试教学法，鼓励死记硬背。一些人认为这种方法鼓励统一性，与此同时却避开了创造性、质疑、自主性、多样性、批判性思考或独立思考。
2 Cultural influences文化的影响
In East Asian societies, a higher education level is perceived as a guarantee of promising career prospects and as a tool to climb up the socioeconomic ladder or to lift a family out of poverty.
在东亚的社会中，高等教育水平被视为有前途的职业前景的保证，也被视为提升社会经济地位或使家庭脱贫的方式。
climb (up) the socioeconomic ladder中的ladder表示阶段/等级，常用表达还有
climb the career/corporate ladder职场晋升
climb the social ladder提高社会地位。
3 Social trend社会
With increasing competition in both education and the labour market, parents want their children to study harder in order not to lag behind their peers.
随着教育领域和就业市场中的竞争变得更加激烈，父母希望他们的孩子更加努力的学习，从而不落后与他们的同龄人。
三“育儿内卷”的好处
1 Advocates argue a strict approach to parenting produces an exceptionally high proportion of top performers—children who display academic excellence across the board with great professional success later in life.
支持者表示，严格的育儿方法能培养出非常高比例的表现优异的孩子—他们在学业上整体表现出色，在以后的人生中拥有杰出的专业成就。
2 This parenting strategy imbues children with self-control and self-discipline, which are crucial to achieving success.
这种育儿方式使得孩子具备自我管控和自律能力，这些品质对于成功至关重要。
四“育儿内卷”的弊端
1 Chinese officials worry that pupils' achievements may exact a heavy mental and physical price.很多中国学生的成绩都很好。但是官方担心，学生的成绩可能会对其身心造成很大的影响。【exact a heavy price造成严重的影响】
这句话中的exact a heavy mental and physical price也可以改为类似于do well academically的形式：exact a heavy price both mentally and physically，其中副词表示在某一方面。
2 Children raised with a less supportive type of parenting are likely to develop chronic mental-health problems such as anxiety, low self-esteem and loneliness. When parents do not provide coping strategies to their children and help manage their negative feelings, such feelings may transition into depression and tendency towards suicide.
在缺乏支持的父母教养方式下长大的孩子很可能会出现慢性心理健康问题，如焦虑、自卑和孤独。如果父母不给孩子提供应对策略并帮助他们管理负面情绪，这种情绪可能会转变为抑郁和自杀倾向。
3 Children from authoritarian families may find it more difficult to fend for themselves and make friends. Also, they are rated as less self-reliant and are not able to be independent thinkers since their life is organized by their parents.
来自管理严格的家庭的孩子们可能会在谋生和交朋友方面更加困难。此外，他们的自力更生能力较差，无法独立思考，因为他们的生活是由父母安排好的。
话题词汇及表达积累
- 优先考虑….. ____________________
- 精英大学____________________
- 虎妈____________________
- 虎妈式的教育方式 ____________________
- 与...等同____________________
- 表示培训机构 ____________________
- 非常重视____________________
- 以……为代价____________________
- 与人相处____________________
- 情商 ____________________
- 应试教育____________________
- 独立思考____________________
- 提升社会经济地位____________________
- 落后于同龄人____________________
- 优异的专业成就____________________
- 对……来说至关重要____________________
- 造成严重的影响____________________
- 应对策略____________________
- 消极情绪____________________
