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2021年上海市高二第一学期英语培优讲义第6讲 考纲词汇&名词性从句和定语从句【教案】
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这是一份2021年上海市高二第一学期英语培优讲义第6讲 考纲词汇&名词性从句和定语从句【教案】，共16页。
2021-2022学年高一升高二英语暑期讲义（上海通用版） 第6讲 考纲词汇&名词性从句和定语从句 教师版
教学内容
一、 上次课考纲词汇默写
高考英语词组测验2(P13-24)
1.许多/少量观众
2.（向某人）查问，打听
3.吸引某人的注意力
4.尽可能地..
5.为...向某人道歉
6.感激（某人）做
7.店员，售货员
8.对...感到羞愧
9.别无选择，只得
10.电气制品/家电
11.对...的态度
12.安排...做
13.呼吁；上诉；吸引
14.（向某人）要某物
15.与...一起
16.怀里抱着；拥抱
17.把...应用于..
18.向某人保证....;使某人相信....
19.渴望...
20.除...之外
21.到达（大地方）
22.如果你...我就很感激了
23.保持某人的注意力
24. 就...与某人争论
25. be angry at/to do/that, be annoyed at sth. /with sb.
26.至于
27.be attached to
28.与某人约好做某事
29.胃口好/不好
30.arise from由...
31.在各方面
32.朗读
33.似乎有.....
34.为...做安排
35.注意...
36.(连）好像
37.担忧...
38.某事物的学习、研究、处理方法
39.分配（任务）给某人；布置（作业）给某人
40.in arms
41.对...大感惊讶
42.be associated with
43.吩咐某人做某事
44.旅游胜地
45.(向....)申请....
46.(连)正如；正当
47.问题的回答/信的回复
48.assembly line
49.企图做，尝试做
50.（在某人看来）似乎
二、
高考英语单词测验3(P25-36)
1. adv.而且 besides 2. adj,乏味的，无聊的 boring
3. n.毯子；覆盖物，覆盖层 blanket 4. n.行李 baggage
5. adj.美丽的；出色的 beautiful 6. n.色蕾舞 ballet
7. adj.醒着的 awake 8. n.棒球 baseball
9. 相信,信任;信念,信仰belief 10. v.烘，焙，烤 bake
11. 烤肉野餐 barbecue 12. adj.失明的;盲目的blind
13. v.预定(票、座位、房间等）book 14. n. 林荫道；大街 avenue
15. n.行为，举止 behavio(u)r 16. n.乐队 band
17. a.舞会 ball 18. n.浴室 bathroom
19. v打；打败；(心脏等)跳动beat 20. 账单，账款bill
21. adj.落后的 backward 22. bloom vi. /n.开花
23. bargain vi.讨价还价 24. unaware adj.没有意识到的
25. beneficial adj.有益的 26. bomb u投弹（于...），轰炸
27. imbalance n.不平衡 28. basic adj.基本的
29. bitter adj.有苦味的；痛苦的；（寒冷等)严酷的
30. bet v. /n.打赌 31. bodily adj.身体的
32. barely adv.几乎没有；仅仅 33. baby-sit vi.看护婴儿，充任临时保姆
34. belongings n.所有物，财产 35. bless vt. 保佑；祝福
36. battle n.战役，战斗；搏斗 37. unavoidable adj.不可避免的
38. beyond prep.超过 39. barrier n.障碍（物）；栅栏
40. awkward adj.笨拙的；难用的；尴尬 的，难处理的
41. bacteria n.细菌 42. bloody adj.流血的;血腥的
43. ban n.禁止；禁令 44. biological adj.生物学的
45. boast u In.吹嘘，自吹自擂 46. beg v. 乞求，恳求
47. battery n.电池 48. background n.背景
49. awful adj.可怕的；糟透了的；非常的
50. block vt. 堵塞，封锁（道路等）；阻止，妨碍
Ⅱ.在下列句子空格中填入适当的连词。
1. The annoucement ______ all the flights were cancelled because of bad weather greatly distressed the waiting passengers.
2. He is a hard-wording student, one who will be successful in ______ career he chooses.
3. Finger prints are so unique that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows ______ this is the case.
4. My pet cat enjoys eating small fish, but it can switch from one food to another depending on ______ is available.
5. Encouraged by his fellow climbers, George found himself gaining assurance ______ he would be able to climb to the mountain top.
6. The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making manufacturers rethink ______ they do business.
7. Decorating the Christmas tree took more than an hour just because the dec orations were not exactly ______ we remembered putting them last Christmas.
8. While learning English, one should pick out ______ makes English different from his own language and concentrate on those parts.
9. When you buy a new apartment, you should make sure ______ it is in good condition.
10. She felt like telling the truth, but ______ troubled her was ______ she wasn't sure of all the details.
11. Beautifully shaped as the bottle is, it is filled with ______ looks like a thick, grayish substance.
12. The young couple get along with each other quite well, except ______ politically they sometimes have separate views.
13. The fact ______ money orders can usually be easily cashed has made them a popular form of payment.
14. When the men were finally rescued, they found they had drifted only seven and a half miles from ______ their boat’ s engine had broken down.
15. The president should appoint ______ he thinks can do the job the most adequately.
16. The reason we accept and even admire some advertisements in some movies and TV series is ______ they are natural.
17. To some people, the Sahara Desert is ______ we call “the sea of death”.
18. I feel a bit disappointed as the new house isn’t quite ______ it should be.
19. There will be a special price for ______ buys things in large numbers here.
20. His prediction ______ they will certainly win the game is not wellgrounded.
21. No man is really happy or safe without a hobby and it makes very little difference ______ the outside interest may be.
22. Nearly all the writers I know confess that they have little idea ______ they are going when they first set pen to paper.
23. We thought the idea ______ we should have more computer lessons was a good one.
24. With a lot of schooling time being devoted to non-academic activities, parents might wonder ______ their children would have enough time for traditional learning.
25. He had no idea ______ difficult the exercise would be until he was half way through it.
26. In this novel, sentences are often short, repetition is used, giving readers a sense of ______ it must have been like to walk along that long, lone ly road.
27. Too often we believe ______ accounts for others’ success is some spe cial secret or a lucky opportunity, but rarely success so mysterious.
28. Animation is based on the principle ______ one’s eyes keep the images of ______ they have seen for a short time after they have finished see ing it.
29. Students are better judges than anyone else when it comes to ______ is a qualified teacher among the staff.
30. Demands for strong protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact ______ similar needs are felt in the rest of the world.
31. The front page can be the deciding factor as to ______ a person will be tempted sufficiently to buy a particular newspaper.
32. Sunrise is a beautiful sight when the sun just comes up on the sea, over a line of trees or houses, or ______ makes the horizon.
33. Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact ______ education here has long been intended for everyone.
34. If children are taught to reason well and research well, they will be able to find ______ facts they need throughout the rest of their lives.
35. As a freshman, whenever I close my eyes, I can picture ______ campus life might be like, but I still look for something unexpected and exciting.
36. Nowadays many teachers often ignore the content itself while teaching reading, but focus on ______ skills students ought to learn to do read ing tests.
37. Auto manufacturers are using quality improvement and changing styles from year to year. That’s ______ they are trying to recapture world markets and keep demand from falling.
38. Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substance, but ______ cream should sour much faster has been a mystery.
39. In addition to the price, the age of a second-hand ear is a factor when you are trying to determine______ a seller is attempting to sell it.
40. Most of ______ is referred to as “opinion” is a word casually used to refer to matters of taste, belief and judgment.
1. The house____windows were broken is said to be haunted.
A. of which B . That C. with D. Whose’
2. Traffic rules are certainly very important to those___want to pass the driving test and drive cars onto the roads.
A. who B.whoever C./ D. that will
3. That is the distinguished delegation___ the state feast was given in one honor.
A. whom B.for which C.that D.in whose honor
4. Global warming is a gradual increase of temperature on the earth caused by gases collecting in the air____prevent heat escaping into space.
A. and B.which C.where D.and it
5. The professor claimed to be an expert in botany, but in actual fact he was quite ignorant on the subject._____he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.
A. Little B. How much C. The little D. So much
6. A company can only be as great as the people____employs,for people are a company’s source of ideas.
A. that B.they C.it D./
7. Before doing homework, you should review important points mentioned in class____ points____you remain confused about.
A. and.../ B.whose../ C.and...what D.whose...what
8. I have never been to Madrid, but it is the place_____.
A. which I most want to pay a visit B.where I’d like to visit
C.I most want to visit D.that I want to visit it most
9. The old doorman believed the reason____, as he found later, the well-dressed lady made up and let her in.
A. when B.why C.which D.for which
10. There seem few cities ____the movie superstar wants to go, for he has been to almost every corner of the word.
A. that B.which C.where D./
11. The knee is the joint____the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
A. when B.which C.that D.where
12. The time is not far away____modern communication will become wide-spread in China’s vast countryside.
A. when B.as C.until D.before
13. The days are fast coming____watching films by using the Web is a routine.
A. that B.and C.when D.if
14. I just want to find out the reason___she doesn’t like me a bit.
A. why B.for that C.which D.so
15. That all the preparations have already been made____I am not in favor of revising the plan.
A. is the reason why B.are the reasons why C.is because D.are because
16. The young man,____ to have died in some concentration camp, came back safe and sound after the war.
A. whom his neighbors supposed was B.his neighbors supposed was
C.whom his neighbors supposed D.his neighbors supposed she was
17. The police had a number of witnesses, most of____have slightly different descriptions of the suspect.
A. whom B.who C.which D.what
18. The client expected the case to be done by June,____personally I think is yet impossible.
A. it B.as C.which D.when
19. The girl heard a sound in the dark,____brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B.as C.which D.when
20. The American Academy of Poets,____the 1930’s, provides financial assistance to support working poets.
A. when it was founded B.found in C.which was founded in D.was founded in
21. Yao Ming is the first Asian basketball player to win so many honors in NBA,____brings her parents plenty of pride and glory
A. which B.as C.that D.where
22. The weather turned out to be fine after several days of drizzle,___we hadn’t expected.
A. as B.that C.which D.when
23. The moon,___no air around it, grows extremely hot in the daytime and extremely cold at night.
A. which has B.it has C.where there is D.what has
24. It was an exciting moment for these football fans that year,___for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B.while C.which D.when
25. We went to the Lake District,_____we visited many places of interest such as Wordsworth’s former residence.
A.there B.in that place C.where D.when
26. The composer lived more than a decade in Europe,____he could be in close contact with other masters.
A. where B.when C.which D.that
27. The mayor stood in front of the huge French windows,___he could see the heavy traffic coming and going along the busiest street in the city.
A. where B.from which C.from where D.through that
28. _____is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the stable political situation and the smooth development of production.
A. It B. That C.What D. As
29. The scientist was such a great success that there were very few people____admire his talents.
A. that B.would C./ D.but
30. He said yes___he was asked if he could possibly serve as a teacher in the remote area for two years.
A. for an moment B.the moment when C.in a moment D.the moment
Weddings in the United States vary as much as the people do. There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare; there are weddings on mountain-tops with guests (17) (seat) on the rocks and even barefooted ; and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests. But many weddings, (18) or how they are performed, include certain traditional customs.
Before a couple is married, they become engaged. And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby, their close friends and their relatives who live far away. When everything is ready, then comes (19) (exciting) moment of all.
The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes. The wedding party is walking through the church while the wedding march (20) (play). The bride carrying a bouquet(花束) enters last with her father who will "give her away ". The bridegroom enters the church from a side door. When the wedding party is gathered by the altar（圣坛）, the bride and bridegroom exchange vows （誓言）.
(21) is traditional to use the words "To have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death do us part ". (22) (Follow) the vows, the couple exchange rings. Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom.
(23) the ceremony there is often a party, called a "reception" which gives the wedding guests an opportunity to congratulate the new couple .
The car in (24) the couple leaves the church is decorated with balloons, streamers and shaving cream. (25) (tell) people that the couple are marriede the organizers have the words "Just Married" are painted on the trunk or back window. Now comes the last step of the wedding ceremony. As a tradition, the bride and bridegroom (26) run to the car under a shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests. When the couple drives away from the church, friends often chase them in cars, honking (鸣汽车喇叭)and drawing attention to them. And then the couple go on their honeymoon.
Key：17.seated 18.no matter where 19.the most exciting 20.is played 21.It 22.Following 23.After 24.which 25.to tell 26.must
SectionB
A certain survey was conducted to ask students to name the school subject that was (27)______ as the most difficult. Not surprisingly, mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult?
In dictionaries the word “difficult” is (28)______ as “not easily or readily done; requiring much labor or planning to be performed successfully.” This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and (29)______. For many students, math is not something that comes automatically. It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of time and (30)______ energy.This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don’t make their own timelines, they can run out of the time as the teacher moves on the next topic.
Scientists believe that people (31)______ different math understanding sills. Logical and left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in a different way in which intuitive and right-brainers do. They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it “sink in”. So left-brain students may grasp (32)______ concepts quickly while right-brain students don’t. To those right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused, (33)______ and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are not always blessed with enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.
Math know-how is also snowballing, which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. You have to gain enough blocks in one area before you can effectively go on to “build upon” another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn rules and (34)______ for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our (35)______. These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become firm before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don’t have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some students move to the next level with really shaky knowledge system. As a result, as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might (36)______ painful failures at some point.
Key：E C A J I H J B D F
课后作业
A new technique to help find ubexpoded mines using honey bees is being developed at Zegreb University in Croatia.
“We 37 with the experiment because our citizens are exposed to serious 38 with mines,”explain Professor Nikola Kezic. Croatia has a big landmine problem, inherited from the wars of the 1990s. More than 1,000 sq km (380 sq miles) of Croatia countryside are thought to be 39 by the mines. About 250,000 mines are still buried, and more than 100 people have been killed by them in Croatia since 1998. Removing mines slow and expensive. Even dafter the de-miners have done their work, the remaining mines are 40 . Professor Nikola’s idea is to use bees to find the explosives that might be missed by the de-miners teams.
Training the bees to find mines 41in a large net tent. A hive of bees sits at one end, with several feding points for the bees set up around the tent. The feeding points 41 food, and the soil immediately around the points has been mixed with explosive chemicals.
The idea is that the bees' keen senses of smell soon 42 the smell of explosives with food. So far this has proved successful. Training the bees takes only three or four days to get the bees 43 with food which had the smell of TNT.Then they are taken out and tasted to see if they react correctly when 44 with explosives.
“Our work is to increase bee’s sensibility to the smell of TNT”, says Prof Kezic. He warns that it will take time before they are sure the system is 45 enough to use properly. The colony of specially trained bees will be 46 in the de-mined area, and followed with a special heat-sensitive camera. The bees will be expected to settle on areas of ground that smell of explosives. If they land on an area where no landmine was discovered earlier, the de-mining term will 47 to make sure they have not missed one.
If the technique proves a success it might provide a cheap and easily 49 resource for de-mining teams. Dogs are also used to find landmines and to sniff out 50 explosives, for instance, in airpports. But unlike bees, the weight of sniff dogs means that they can be facing a risky 51 of setting off the mines which they are trying to detect.
37. A. identified B. profied C. provided D.proceeded
38. A. injury B. threat C. intensity D.limintation
39.A. poisoned B. offended C. affected D.refilled
40.A. considerable B. considerate C. humble D.invisible
41.A. Makes up B. Ends up C. Takes up D.takes place
42.A. remain B. maintain C. contain D.conclude
43.A. associate B. reserve C. remind D..respond
44.A. relaxed B. blinded C. altered D.obsessed
45.A. purified B. prospered C. presented D.procesed
46.A. abstract B. reliable C. significant D.measurable
47.A. released B. relieved C. revealed D.replaced
48.A. recommend B. campaign C. investigate D.revolutionize
49.A.resonable B. desirable C. preferable D.abailable
50.A. deserved B. concealed C. reversed D.unique
51.A. consequence B. substance C. origin D.equivalent
Key:D B C A D C A D C B A C D B A
SectionB
(A)The idea of using radio for broadcasting to mass audiences was formed in 1916 by an executive of the American Marconi Company, David Sarnff. His superiors were doubtful about his idea to "make radio a household utility ”, so that by purchase of a‘radio music box', the audience could enjoy lectures, music recitals ,etc.
Four years later the American engineer .Frank Conrad, an employee at Westinghouse Electric Corporation, attracted considerable attention when a local newspaper reported on the growing audience listening on crystal radio sets to his evening and weekend amateur broadcasts; a local music store had provided records to play on the Victrola, and Conrad and his family served as disc jockeys (唱片音乐节目广播员). Westinghouse vice president Harry Davis asked Conrad to build a more powerful transmitter(发射台) in time to announce the outcome of the next U. S. presidential election. Conrad completed his assignment, and on November 2, 1920, station KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ,broadcast the announcement that Warren G. Harding had been elected president. About 1 000 people heard this first news broadcast.
Radio communicated news much faster than did newspapers, and because crystal sets were easy to build and inexpensive, radio expanded rapidly in the following years .To stimulate the sale of radio sets, equipment manufacturers provided transmitting facilities. Singers, comedian, and entire orchestras volunteered their services for publicity. The eventual financial basis of the new industry, however, was still unclear. One group in New York City tried to seek contributions from listeners; others urged that private foundations support radio .stations as a public service.
In August 1922 the first commercial radio advertisement was broadcast on WEAF (now WNBC) in New York City. In 1926, when about 5 million homes had radios, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), in cooperation with the American Telephone Telegraph Company, established the first commercial radio network. In the 1920s radio was established as a new mass medium and a practicable industry, and it became a national forum for news and popular culture.
52. Who started broadcasting radio programs to mass audience?
A. David Sarnoff. B. Frank Conrad.
C.Harry Davis. D. Warren Harding.
53. After 1920, radio expanded rapidly because ______.
A. it had advantages over newspaper
B. it was cheaper than newspaper
C. people could easily get it in stores
D. all of the above.
54. By saying that "the eventual financial basis of the new industry was still unclear", the author means that
A.the private foundations were unwilling to support the stations
B.advertising and commercial programs could not raise enough money
C.the stations were not sure yet where to get the operational money
D.the listeners would not pay or the broadcasting stations
55. The passage is mainly concerned with _____.
A.the contribution of radio to popular culture
B.the invention and uses of radio
C. early radio programs for mass audiences
D. the history of radio broadcasting
Key: B A C D
(B)Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where struggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators don't exist．Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age. But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth．Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health．They develop diseases, joint problems and behavior changes．Sometimes, they even become infertile, or unable to have babies．
To learn more about how captivity(监禁)affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands．Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death．These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe．The scientists compared the life spans of the zoo-born elephants with the life spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps, over approximately the same time period．The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years．Their wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years-more than three times as long．Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern．In zoos, they lived 18.9 years, while those in the logging camps lived 41.7 years．
Scientists don’t yet know why wild elephants seem to fare so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts．Georgia Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress and obesity may be to blame．Zoo elephants don't get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat．Elephant social lives are also much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups．
Another finding from the study showed that Asian elephants born in zoos were more likely to die early than Asian elephants captured in the wild and brought to zoos．Mason suggests stress in the mothers in zoos might cause them to have babies that are less likely to survive．
The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos．While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce successfully and maintain healthy populations, that doesn't appear to be the case with elephants．
56.According-to the first two paragraphs, unlike other zoo animals, zoo elephants ________.
A.have difficulty eating food
B.live to a ripe old age
C.are not afraid of predators
D.develop health problems
57. Which of the following about the international scientists' research on the life spans of elephants is NOT true?
A. They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants.
B. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.
C. They analyzed the records of the elephants kept in zoos.
D. The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos.
58.What do the scientist find in their research?
A.Female elephants live longer than male elephants．
B.Female zoo elephants live longer than their wild counterparts．
C.Female zoo elephants die much earlier than their wild counterparts．
D.Elephants in zoos and those in the wild enjoy the same long life spans．
59.Which of the following does the author suggest in the last paragraph ?
A.It may not be a wise policy to keep elephants in the zoo．
B.Elephants are no longer an endangered species．
C.Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully．
D.Zoos should keep more animals except elephants．
Key: D B C A
SectionC
A. More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa.
B. There are many reasons for world hunger.
C. It takes the effort of every country to fight against world hunger.
D. In those places, obesity is a far bigger problem than hunger.
E. By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of not having enough to eat.
F.Those places need far more food than they actually get.
In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It's difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat. __60__ Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria (症疾）and TB(肺结核）combined.
The UN estimates that almost two thirds of the world's hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world's most populous continent. __61__ Although this region has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the world there are only a tiny number of people who don't have enough to eat.
__62__ They include wars, droughts, floods, and the over-use of farming land. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. But the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty, which has increased recently due to the financial crisis of 2008.
Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population. There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. __63__ The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not overeat.
Key: F A B D
IV. Summary Writing
Teaching Is One of the Least Popular
Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”
The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary school teaching, and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who would “seriously consider” teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.
The main drawback（缺点）of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs. Joanne Manners, 24, is a good example: “I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher---but I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, so I decided not to become a teacher.”
It's not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people donn’t want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here’s the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London: “I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.”
The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers’ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also indicates that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.
2021-2022学年高一升高二英语暑期讲义（上海通用版） 第6讲 考纲词汇&名词性从句和定语从句 教师版
教学内容
一、 上次课考纲词汇默写
高考英语词组测验2(P13-24)
1.许多/少量观众
2.（向某人）查问，打听
3.吸引某人的注意力
4.尽可能地..
5.为...向某人道歉
6.感激（某人）做
7.店员，售货员
8.对...感到羞愧
9.别无选择，只得
10.电气制品/家电
11.对...的态度
12.安排...做
13.呼吁；上诉；吸引
14.（向某人）要某物
15.与...一起
16.怀里抱着；拥抱
17.把...应用于..
18.向某人保证....;使某人相信....
19.渴望...
20.除...之外
21.到达（大地方）
22.如果你...我就很感激了
23.保持某人的注意力
24. 就...与某人争论
25. be angry at/to do/that, be annoyed at sth. /with sb.
26.至于
27.be attached to
28.与某人约好做某事
29.胃口好/不好
30.arise from由...
31.在各方面
32.朗读
33.似乎有.....
34.为...做安排
35.注意...
36.(连）好像
37.担忧...
38.某事物的学习、研究、处理方法
39.分配（任务）给某人；布置（作业）给某人
40.in arms
41.对...大感惊讶
42.be associated with
43.吩咐某人做某事
44.旅游胜地
45.(向....)申请....
46.(连)正如；正当
47.问题的回答/信的回复
48.assembly line
49.企图做，尝试做
50.（在某人看来）似乎
二、
高考英语单词测验3(P25-36)
1. adv.而且 besides 2. adj,乏味的，无聊的 boring
3. n.毯子；覆盖物，覆盖层 blanket 4. n.行李 baggage
5. adj.美丽的；出色的 beautiful 6. n.色蕾舞 ballet
7. adj.醒着的 awake 8. n.棒球 baseball
9. 相信,信任;信念,信仰belief 10. v.烘，焙，烤 bake
11. 烤肉野餐 barbecue 12. adj.失明的;盲目的blind
13. v.预定(票、座位、房间等）book 14. n. 林荫道；大街 avenue
15. n.行为，举止 behavio(u)r 16. n.乐队 band
17. a.舞会 ball 18. n.浴室 bathroom
19. v打；打败；(心脏等)跳动beat 20. 账单，账款bill
21. adj.落后的 backward 22. bloom vi. /n.开花
23. bargain vi.讨价还价 24. unaware adj.没有意识到的
25. beneficial adj.有益的 26. bomb u投弹（于...），轰炸
27. imbalance n.不平衡 28. basic adj.基本的
29. bitter adj.有苦味的；痛苦的；（寒冷等)严酷的
30. bet v. /n.打赌 31. bodily adj.身体的
32. barely adv.几乎没有；仅仅 33. baby-sit vi.看护婴儿，充任临时保姆
34. belongings n.所有物，财产 35. bless vt. 保佑；祝福
36. battle n.战役，战斗；搏斗 37. unavoidable adj.不可避免的
38. beyond prep.超过 39. barrier n.障碍（物）；栅栏
40. awkward adj.笨拙的；难用的；尴尬 的，难处理的
41. bacteria n.细菌 42. bloody adj.流血的;血腥的
43. ban n.禁止；禁令 44. biological adj.生物学的
45. boast u In.吹嘘，自吹自擂 46. beg v. 乞求，恳求
47. battery n.电池 48. background n.背景
49. awful adj.可怕的；糟透了的；非常的
50. block vt. 堵塞，封锁（道路等）；阻止，妨碍
Ⅱ.在下列句子空格中填入适当的连词。
1. The annoucement ______ all the flights were cancelled because of bad weather greatly distressed the waiting passengers.
2. He is a hard-wording student, one who will be successful in ______ career he chooses.
3. Finger prints are so unique that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows ______ this is the case.
4. My pet cat enjoys eating small fish, but it can switch from one food to another depending on ______ is available.
5. Encouraged by his fellow climbers, George found himself gaining assurance ______ he would be able to climb to the mountain top.
6. The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making manufacturers rethink ______ they do business.
7. Decorating the Christmas tree took more than an hour just because the dec orations were not exactly ______ we remembered putting them last Christmas.
8. While learning English, one should pick out ______ makes English different from his own language and concentrate on those parts.
9. When you buy a new apartment, you should make sure ______ it is in good condition.
10. She felt like telling the truth, but ______ troubled her was ______ she wasn't sure of all the details.
11. Beautifully shaped as the bottle is, it is filled with ______ looks like a thick, grayish substance.
12. The young couple get along with each other quite well, except ______ politically they sometimes have separate views.
13. The fact ______ money orders can usually be easily cashed has made them a popular form of payment.
14. When the men were finally rescued, they found they had drifted only seven and a half miles from ______ their boat’ s engine had broken down.
15. The president should appoint ______ he thinks can do the job the most adequately.
16. The reason we accept and even admire some advertisements in some movies and TV series is ______ they are natural.
17. To some people, the Sahara Desert is ______ we call “the sea of death”.
18. I feel a bit disappointed as the new house isn’t quite ______ it should be.
19. There will be a special price for ______ buys things in large numbers here.
20. His prediction ______ they will certainly win the game is not wellgrounded.
21. No man is really happy or safe without a hobby and it makes very little difference ______ the outside interest may be.
22. Nearly all the writers I know confess that they have little idea ______ they are going when they first set pen to paper.
23. We thought the idea ______ we should have more computer lessons was a good one.
24. With a lot of schooling time being devoted to non-academic activities, parents might wonder ______ their children would have enough time for traditional learning.
25. He had no idea ______ difficult the exercise would be until he was half way through it.
26. In this novel, sentences are often short, repetition is used, giving readers a sense of ______ it must have been like to walk along that long, lone ly road.
27. Too often we believe ______ accounts for others’ success is some spe cial secret or a lucky opportunity, but rarely success so mysterious.
28. Animation is based on the principle ______ one’s eyes keep the images of ______ they have seen for a short time after they have finished see ing it.
29. Students are better judges than anyone else when it comes to ______ is a qualified teacher among the staff.
30. Demands for strong protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact ______ similar needs are felt in the rest of the world.
31. The front page can be the deciding factor as to ______ a person will be tempted sufficiently to buy a particular newspaper.
32. Sunrise is a beautiful sight when the sun just comes up on the sea, over a line of trees or houses, or ______ makes the horizon.
33. Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact ______ education here has long been intended for everyone.
34. If children are taught to reason well and research well, they will be able to find ______ facts they need throughout the rest of their lives.
35. As a freshman, whenever I close my eyes, I can picture ______ campus life might be like, but I still look for something unexpected and exciting.
36. Nowadays many teachers often ignore the content itself while teaching reading, but focus on ______ skills students ought to learn to do read ing tests.
37. Auto manufacturers are using quality improvement and changing styles from year to year. That’s ______ they are trying to recapture world markets and keep demand from falling.
38. Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substance, but ______ cream should sour much faster has been a mystery.
39. In addition to the price, the age of a second-hand ear is a factor when you are trying to determine______ a seller is attempting to sell it.
40. Most of ______ is referred to as “opinion” is a word casually used to refer to matters of taste, belief and judgment.
1. The house____windows were broken is said to be haunted.
A. of which B . That C. with D. Whose’
2. Traffic rules are certainly very important to those___want to pass the driving test and drive cars onto the roads.
A. who B.whoever C./ D. that will
3. That is the distinguished delegation___ the state feast was given in one honor.
A. whom B.for which C.that D.in whose honor
4. Global warming is a gradual increase of temperature on the earth caused by gases collecting in the air____prevent heat escaping into space.
A. and B.which C.where D.and it
5. The professor claimed to be an expert in botany, but in actual fact he was quite ignorant on the subject._____he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.
A. Little B. How much C. The little D. So much
6. A company can only be as great as the people____employs,for people are a company’s source of ideas.
A. that B.they C.it D./
7. Before doing homework, you should review important points mentioned in class____ points____you remain confused about.
A. and.../ B.whose../ C.and...what D.whose...what
8. I have never been to Madrid, but it is the place_____.
A. which I most want to pay a visit B.where I’d like to visit
C.I most want to visit D.that I want to visit it most
9. The old doorman believed the reason____, as he found later, the well-dressed lady made up and let her in.
A. when B.why C.which D.for which
10. There seem few cities ____the movie superstar wants to go, for he has been to almost every corner of the word.
A. that B.which C.where D./
11. The knee is the joint____the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
A. when B.which C.that D.where
12. The time is not far away____modern communication will become wide-spread in China’s vast countryside.
A. when B.as C.until D.before
13. The days are fast coming____watching films by using the Web is a routine.
A. that B.and C.when D.if
14. I just want to find out the reason___she doesn’t like me a bit.
A. why B.for that C.which D.so
15. That all the preparations have already been made____I am not in favor of revising the plan.
A. is the reason why B.are the reasons why C.is because D.are because
16. The young man,____ to have died in some concentration camp, came back safe and sound after the war.
A. whom his neighbors supposed was B.his neighbors supposed was
C.whom his neighbors supposed D.his neighbors supposed she was
17. The police had a number of witnesses, most of____have slightly different descriptions of the suspect.
A. whom B.who C.which D.what
18. The client expected the case to be done by June,____personally I think is yet impossible.
A. it B.as C.which D.when
19. The girl heard a sound in the dark,____brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B.as C.which D.when
20. The American Academy of Poets,____the 1930’s, provides financial assistance to support working poets.
A. when it was founded B.found in C.which was founded in D.was founded in
21. Yao Ming is the first Asian basketball player to win so many honors in NBA,____brings her parents plenty of pride and glory
A. which B.as C.that D.where
22. The weather turned out to be fine after several days of drizzle,___we hadn’t expected.
A. as B.that C.which D.when
23. The moon,___no air around it, grows extremely hot in the daytime and extremely cold at night.
A. which has B.it has C.where there is D.what has
24. It was an exciting moment for these football fans that year,___for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B.while C.which D.when
25. We went to the Lake District,_____we visited many places of interest such as Wordsworth’s former residence.
A.there B.in that place C.where D.when
26. The composer lived more than a decade in Europe,____he could be in close contact with other masters.
A. where B.when C.which D.that
27. The mayor stood in front of the huge French windows,___he could see the heavy traffic coming and going along the busiest street in the city.
A. where B.from which C.from where D.through that
28. _____is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the stable political situation and the smooth development of production.
A. It B. That C.What D. As
29. The scientist was such a great success that there were very few people____admire his talents.
A. that B.would C./ D.but
30. He said yes___he was asked if he could possibly serve as a teacher in the remote area for two years.
A. for an moment B.the moment when C.in a moment D.the moment
Weddings in the United States vary as much as the people do. There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare; there are weddings on mountain-tops with guests (17) (seat) on the rocks and even barefooted ; and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests. But many weddings, (18) or how they are performed, include certain traditional customs.
Before a couple is married, they become engaged. And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby, their close friends and their relatives who live far away. When everything is ready, then comes (19) (exciting) moment of all.
The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes. The wedding party is walking through the church while the wedding march (20) (play). The bride carrying a bouquet(花束) enters last with her father who will "give her away ". The bridegroom enters the church from a side door. When the wedding party is gathered by the altar（圣坛）, the bride and bridegroom exchange vows （誓言）.
(21) is traditional to use the words "To have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death do us part ". (22) (Follow) the vows, the couple exchange rings. Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom.
(23) the ceremony there is often a party, called a "reception" which gives the wedding guests an opportunity to congratulate the new couple .
The car in (24) the couple leaves the church is decorated with balloons, streamers and shaving cream. (25) (tell) people that the couple are marriede the organizers have the words "Just Married" are painted on the trunk or back window. Now comes the last step of the wedding ceremony. As a tradition, the bride and bridegroom (26) run to the car under a shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests. When the couple drives away from the church, friends often chase them in cars, honking (鸣汽车喇叭)and drawing attention to them. And then the couple go on their honeymoon.
Key：17.seated 18.no matter where 19.the most exciting 20.is played 21.It 22.Following 23.After 24.which 25.to tell 26.must
SectionB
A certain survey was conducted to ask students to name the school subject that was (27)______ as the most difficult. Not surprisingly, mathematics came out on top of the difficulty chart. So what is it about math that makes it difficult?
In dictionaries the word “difficult” is (28)______ as “not easily or readily done; requiring much labor or planning to be performed successfully.” This definition gets to the point of the problem when it comes to math. What makes math difficult is that it takes patience and (29)______. For many students, math is not something that comes automatically. It takes effort. It is a subject that sometimes requires students to devote lots and lots of time and (30)______ energy.This means, for many, the problem has little to do with brain power; it is mostly a matter of staying power. And since students don’t make their own timelines, they can run out of the time as the teacher moves on the next topic.
Scientists believe that people (31)______ different math understanding sills. Logical and left-brain thinkers tend to understand things in a different way in which intuitive and right-brainers do. They take in a lot of information at one time and allow time to let it “sink in”. So left-brain students may grasp (32)______ concepts quickly while right-brain students don’t. To those right brain student, time loss can make them feel confused, (33)______ and behind. Unfortunately in busy classrooms with too many students, students are not always blessed with enough time. We have to move on, ready or not.
Math know-how is also snowballing, which means it works much like a pile of building blocks. You have to gain enough blocks in one area before you can effectively go on to “build upon” another area. Our first mathematical building blocks are established in primary school, when we learn rules and (34)______ for addition and multiplication, and those first concepts become our (35)______. These mathematical concepts or knowledge has to sink in and become firm before students can move on to challenge the next stage of new concepts. However, teachers don’t have time to ensure that every single student understands every single concept. So some students move to the next level with really shaky knowledge system. As a result, as they climb the ladder, they may meet with more and more difficulties and might (36)______ painful failures at some point.
Key：E C A J I H J B D F
课后作业
A new technique to help find ubexpoded mines using honey bees is being developed at Zegreb University in Croatia.
“We 37 with the experiment because our citizens are exposed to serious 38 with mines,”explain Professor Nikola Kezic. Croatia has a big landmine problem, inherited from the wars of the 1990s. More than 1,000 sq km (380 sq miles) of Croatia countryside are thought to be 39 by the mines. About 250,000 mines are still buried, and more than 100 people have been killed by them in Croatia since 1998. Removing mines slow and expensive. Even dafter the de-miners have done their work, the remaining mines are 40 . Professor Nikola’s idea is to use bees to find the explosives that might be missed by the de-miners teams.
Training the bees to find mines 41in a large net tent. A hive of bees sits at one end, with several feding points for the bees set up around the tent. The feeding points 41 food, and the soil immediately around the points has been mixed with explosive chemicals.
The idea is that the bees' keen senses of smell soon 42 the smell of explosives with food. So far this has proved successful. Training the bees takes only three or four days to get the bees 43 with food which had the smell of TNT.Then they are taken out and tasted to see if they react correctly when 44 with explosives.
“Our work is to increase bee’s sensibility to the smell of TNT”, says Prof Kezic. He warns that it will take time before they are sure the system is 45 enough to use properly. The colony of specially trained bees will be 46 in the de-mined area, and followed with a special heat-sensitive camera. The bees will be expected to settle on areas of ground that smell of explosives. If they land on an area where no landmine was discovered earlier, the de-mining term will 47 to make sure they have not missed one.
If the technique proves a success it might provide a cheap and easily 49 resource for de-mining teams. Dogs are also used to find landmines and to sniff out 50 explosives, for instance, in airpports. But unlike bees, the weight of sniff dogs means that they can be facing a risky 51 of setting off the mines which they are trying to detect.
37. A. identified B. profied C. provided D.proceeded
38. A. injury B. threat C. intensity D.limintation
39.A. poisoned B. offended C. affected D.refilled
40.A. considerable B. considerate C. humble D.invisible
41.A. Makes up B. Ends up C. Takes up D.takes place
42.A. remain B. maintain C. contain D.conclude
43.A. associate B. reserve C. remind D..respond
44.A. relaxed B. blinded C. altered D.obsessed
45.A. purified B. prospered C. presented D.procesed
46.A. abstract B. reliable C. significant D.measurable
47.A. released B. relieved C. revealed D.replaced
48.A. recommend B. campaign C. investigate D.revolutionize
49.A.resonable B. desirable C. preferable D.abailable
50.A. deserved B. concealed C. reversed D.unique
51.A. consequence B. substance C. origin D.equivalent
Key:D B C A D C A D C B A C D B A
SectionB
(A)The idea of using radio for broadcasting to mass audiences was formed in 1916 by an executive of the American Marconi Company, David Sarnff. His superiors were doubtful about his idea to "make radio a household utility ”, so that by purchase of a‘radio music box', the audience could enjoy lectures, music recitals ,etc.
Four years later the American engineer .Frank Conrad, an employee at Westinghouse Electric Corporation, attracted considerable attention when a local newspaper reported on the growing audience listening on crystal radio sets to his evening and weekend amateur broadcasts; a local music store had provided records to play on the Victrola, and Conrad and his family served as disc jockeys (唱片音乐节目广播员). Westinghouse vice president Harry Davis asked Conrad to build a more powerful transmitter(发射台) in time to announce the outcome of the next U. S. presidential election. Conrad completed his assignment, and on November 2, 1920, station KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ,broadcast the announcement that Warren G. Harding had been elected president. About 1 000 people heard this first news broadcast.
Radio communicated news much faster than did newspapers, and because crystal sets were easy to build and inexpensive, radio expanded rapidly in the following years .To stimulate the sale of radio sets, equipment manufacturers provided transmitting facilities. Singers, comedian, and entire orchestras volunteered their services for publicity. The eventual financial basis of the new industry, however, was still unclear. One group in New York City tried to seek contributions from listeners; others urged that private foundations support radio .stations as a public service.
In August 1922 the first commercial radio advertisement was broadcast on WEAF (now WNBC) in New York City. In 1926, when about 5 million homes had radios, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), in cooperation with the American Telephone Telegraph Company, established the first commercial radio network. In the 1920s radio was established as a new mass medium and a practicable industry, and it became a national forum for news and popular culture.
52. Who started broadcasting radio programs to mass audience?
A. David Sarnoff. B. Frank Conrad.
C.Harry Davis. D. Warren Harding.
53. After 1920, radio expanded rapidly because ______.
A. it had advantages over newspaper
B. it was cheaper than newspaper
C. people could easily get it in stores
D. all of the above.
54. By saying that "the eventual financial basis of the new industry was still unclear", the author means that
A.the private foundations were unwilling to support the stations
B.advertising and commercial programs could not raise enough money
C.the stations were not sure yet where to get the operational money
D.the listeners would not pay or the broadcasting stations
55. The passage is mainly concerned with _____.
A.the contribution of radio to popular culture
B.the invention and uses of radio
C. early radio programs for mass audiences
D. the history of radio broadcasting
Key: B A C D
(B)Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where struggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators don't exist．Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age. But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth．Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health．They develop diseases, joint problems and behavior changes．Sometimes, they even become infertile, or unable to have babies．
To learn more about how captivity(监禁)affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands．Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death．These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe．The scientists compared the life spans of the zoo-born elephants with the life spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps, over approximately the same time period．The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years．Their wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years-more than three times as long．Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern．In zoos, they lived 18.9 years, while those in the logging camps lived 41.7 years．
Scientists don’t yet know why wild elephants seem to fare so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts．Georgia Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress and obesity may be to blame．Zoo elephants don't get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat．Elephant social lives are also much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups．
Another finding from the study showed that Asian elephants born in zoos were more likely to die early than Asian elephants captured in the wild and brought to zoos．Mason suggests stress in the mothers in zoos might cause them to have babies that are less likely to survive．
The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos．While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce successfully and maintain healthy populations, that doesn't appear to be the case with elephants．
56.According-to the first two paragraphs, unlike other zoo animals, zoo elephants ________.
A.have difficulty eating food
B.live to a ripe old age
C.are not afraid of predators
D.develop health problems
57. Which of the following about the international scientists' research on the life spans of elephants is NOT true?
A. They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants.
B. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.
C. They analyzed the records of the elephants kept in zoos.
D. The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos.
58.What do the scientist find in their research?
A.Female elephants live longer than male elephants．
B.Female zoo elephants live longer than their wild counterparts．
C.Female zoo elephants die much earlier than their wild counterparts．
D.Elephants in zoos and those in the wild enjoy the same long life spans．
59.Which of the following does the author suggest in the last paragraph ?
A.It may not be a wise policy to keep elephants in the zoo．
B.Elephants are no longer an endangered species．
C.Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully．
D.Zoos should keep more animals except elephants．
Key: D B C A
SectionC
A. More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa.
B. There are many reasons for world hunger.
C. It takes the effort of every country to fight against world hunger.
D. In those places, obesity is a far bigger problem than hunger.
E. By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of not having enough to eat.
F.Those places need far more food than they actually get.
In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It's difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat. __60__ Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria (症疾）and TB(肺结核）combined.
The UN estimates that almost two thirds of the world's hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world's most populous continent. __61__ Although this region has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the world there are only a tiny number of people who don't have enough to eat.
__62__ They include wars, droughts, floods, and the over-use of farming land. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. But the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty, which has increased recently due to the financial crisis of 2008.
Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population. There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. __63__ The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not overeat.
Key: F A B D
IV. Summary Writing
Teaching Is One of the Least Popular
Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”
The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary school teaching, and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who would “seriously consider” teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.
The main drawback（缺点）of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs. Joanne Manners, 24, is a good example: “I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher---but I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, so I decided not to become a teacher.”
It's not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people donn’t want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here’s the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London: “I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.”
The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers’ pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also indicates that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.
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