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高中外研版 (2019)Unit 3 Family matters导学案
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这是一份高中外研版 (2019)Unit 3 Family matters导学案，共14页。
eq \a\vs4\al([原文呈现])
03/Sprt28 September 2016
JUST A BROTHER
It was the final part f the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series① in Mexic.[1]With just 700 metres t g, Alistair Brwnlee was in third place② and his yunger brther, Jnny, was in the lead③.[2]Alistair pushed himself twards the finish line in the burning heat, but as he came rund the crner, he saw his brther abut t fall nt the track④. Alistair had t chse — brtherly lve, r a chance t win the race?
[1]本句为and连接的并列句。句中with复合结构作状语。
[2]本句为but连接的并列句。第二个分句中as引导时间状语从句。
Fr Alistair, the chice was clear.His brther was in truble⑤.He had t help.Alistair ran twards Jnny, caught him and started pulling him twards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brther ver the line.The mve⑥ put Jnny in secnd place and Alistair himself in third.It was an unexpected⑦ end t the race, but Alistair did nt want t discuss it with the media⑧.[3]He just wanted t see his yunger brther, wh had been rushed t the medical area.
[3]wh引导非限制性定语从句。
[4]The Brwnlee brthers have been ding triathlns since they were children.“Obviusly⑨， when yur lder brther is ding it, yu think it's a cl thing t d, ”says Jnny.[5]Alistair says that they encurage each ther as much as they can when they train.Despite⑩ arguments⑪ ver “stupid things” nw and then⑫， Alistair agrees that having a brther is an advantage⑬.“Thrughut my entire⑭ life, I've had my brther trying t beat⑮ me at everything I d.It has been an enrmusly⑯ psitive frce⑰.”
[4]since引导时间状语从句。
[5]that引导宾语从句；as引导比较状语从句。
Watched by millins, the ending t the race has divided pinins⑱：shuld the brthers have been disqualified⑲ r highly praised⑳ fr their actins? But fr Alistair, his decisin was easy t explain：“Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behindeq \(○,\s\up1(21)).” At that mment, he was n lnger an athleteeq \(○,\s\up1(22)) aiming fr a medaleq \(○,\s\up1(23))— he was just a brther.
eq \a\vs4\al([读文清障])
①series n．系列比赛
the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series 2016年世界铁人三项系列赛
②in third place 位居第三
③in the lead 领先
④track n．跑道
⑤in truble 处于困境，陷入麻烦
⑥mve n．行动，举动
⑦unexpected adj.出乎意料的
⑧media n．新闻媒体，传媒
⑨bviusly adv.明显地，显而易见地
⑩despite prep.尽管，虽然
⑪argument n．争论，争吵
⑫nw and then 不时，偶尔
⑬advantage n．优势
⑭entire adj.全部的，整个的
⑮beat v．击败，打败
⑯enrmusly adv.非常，极其
⑰frce n．力，力量
⑱divided pinins 不同的观点
⑲disqualify v．(因犯规而)取消……的资格
⑳be highly praised 受到高度赞扬
eq \(○,\s\up1(21))leave 把……丢下，把……抛在后面
eq \(○,\s\up1(22))athlete n．运动员，田径运动员
eq \(○,\s\up1(23))medal n．奖牌，勋章
[参考译文]
03/体育2016年9月28日
只是一位兄长
这是2016年在墨西哥举行的世界铁人三项系列赛的最后一程。距终点还有700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利位列第三，他的弟弟乔尼处于领先地位。阿利斯泰尔在酷热中奋力奔向终点，但就在他转过弯道时，却看到弟弟快要倒在跑道上。阿利斯泰尔必须作出选择——是要手足之情，还是要赢得比赛？
对阿利斯泰尔来说，如何选择显而易见。弟弟遇到了麻烦，他必须施以援手。阿利斯泰尔跑向乔尼，抓住他，并拖着他跑向终点。接着，阿利斯泰尔把乔尼推过终点线。这一举动使乔尼获得第二名，而他自己则位列第三。这是一个意料之外的结局，但阿利斯泰尔并不想与媒体讨论此事。他只想去探望被紧急送到医疗区的弟弟。
布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。“显然，当你的哥哥参加铁人三项时，你会觉得这很酷。”乔尼说道。阿利斯泰尔称，他们在训练的时候尽可能地互相鼓励。尽管偶尔会为一些“蠢事”争吵，阿利斯泰尔仍然觉得有个兄弟是种优势。“在我的一生中，我的弟弟总想在各个方面打败我。这对我来说是非常积极的动力。”
有数百万人目睹了这场比赛的结局，但对此也是众说纷纭：兄弟二人是应该因他们的行为被取消比赛资格，还是应该被高度赞扬？但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：“要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。”在那一刻，他不再是一名想赢得奖牌的运动员——他只是一位兄长。
Step One：Prereading
What's brtherly lve?
Brtherly lve is based n the experience that we all are ne.In brtherly lve there is the experience f unin with all men.
Step Tw：Whilereading
Ⅰ.Read fr the main idea
The text mainly tells us .
A．peple's different pinins abut the Brwnlee brthers
B．lve and cmpetitin are equally imprtant in the match
C．the value f brtherly lve
D．lve is precius
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read fr details
Read the passage carefully and chse the best answers.
1．When did the stry take place?
A．In the Olympic Games.
B．In the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series.
C．In the Wrld Champinship.
D．In a marathn.
2．What's Alistair's chice?
A．T help his brther.
B．T win the game.
C．T find a dctr.
D．T rush his brther t the hspital.
3．Why des Alistair think that having a brther is “an advantage”？
A．Because he can't leave his brther when they train.
B．Because he likes arguing with his brther ver “stupid things”．
C．Because his brther sets him a gd example t learn frm.
D．Because his brther can bring him psitive frce in everything.
4．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Alistair was in the lead when his brther was abut t fall.
B．Alistair was yunger than his brther.
C．Alistair may have wn the race.
D．Alistair thught what he did was wrng.
答案：1～4 BADC
Step Three：Pstreading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was the final part f the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series in Mexic.With nly 700 metres 1.t g (g), Alistair pushed 2.himself (he) twards the finish line in the 3.burning (burn)heat，but he saw his brther abut 4.t fall (fall) nt the track.Alistair had t chse — brtherly lve, r a chance t win the race?
Alistair ran twards Jnny, 5.caught (catch) him and started pulling him twards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brther ver the line.The mve put Jnny in 6.secnd (tw) place and Alistair himself in third.It was 7.an unexpected end t the race，but Alistair did nt want t discuss 8.it with the media.He just wanted t see his yunger brther,9.wh had been rushed t the 10.medical (medicine) area.Because at that mment，he was n lnger an athlete aiming fr a medal — he was just a brther.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．judge a persn by ne's appearance 以貌取人
2．settle the prblem 解决问题
3．a dublepage feature n glbal warming 关于全球变暖的跨页特写
4．children with individual needs 有各自需求的孩子
5．a dynamic style f management 动态灵活的管理风格
6．cntain n additives 不含添加剂
7．the general summary 概要
8．arund the track 沿着跑道
9．a reginal media campaign 一个区域性媒体宣传活动
10．despite her disabilities 尽管她身体残疾
11．the entire financial system 整个金融系统
12．all psitive factrs 所有积极的因素
13．receive a medal fr his herism 由于他的英勇而获得一枚奖章
14．enrmusly pwerful 非常强大
15．Beytn is an admirable character wh has wn the admiratin f many peple.(admire)
16．He knew the detailed infrmatin f the stry, s I asked him t describe the stry in detail.(detail)
17．Althugh the man is pwerful, it is beynd his pwer t fulfill the task.(pwer)
18．There is n bvius slutin t the prblem.Obviusly, that is why he is upset.(bvius)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
pwer n．权力，影响力＋ful→pwerful adj.强有力的，有影响力的
skillful adj.灵巧的，熟练的 hpeful adj.有希望的
helpful adj.有益的，有用的 useful adj.有用的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Harry was in the lead (领先) at the beginning f the race.
2．Her marriage is in truble (处于困境) and she is desperately unhappy.
3．I meet him every nw and then (不时地) n the campus.
4．He was highly praised fr (由于……受到高度赞扬) his research n heart disease last year.
5．Sarah, with her lng legs, sn left the rest f us far behind (把……抛在后面)．
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] With just 700 metres t g, Alistair Brwnlee was in third place and his yunger brther, Jnny, was in the lead.
[句式分析] with复合结构。
[佳句仿写] 还有10分钟，你最好快一点儿。
With 10 minutes t g, yu'd better hurry.
2．[教材原句] The Brwnlee brthers have been ding triathlns since they were children.
[句式分析] since引导时间状语从句。
[佳句仿写] 自从我们上次见面以来，你变化好大。
Yu have changed a lt since we last met.
3．[教材原句] But fr Alistair, his decisin was easy t explain：“Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behind.”
[句式分析] 主语＋be＋形容词＋t d sth.
[佳句仿写] 这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就能学会使用。
This machine is very easy t perate.Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes.
1．admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕；欣赏，观赏
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)It's her friendliness and the sense f respnsibility that make me admire her.
是她的友好和责任感让我钦佩她。
(1)admire sb.fr (ding) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩某人
(2)admiratin n. 钦佩；羡慕
with/in admiratin 钦佩地
(3)admiring adj. 赞赏的；钦佩的；令人欣赏的
(4)admirable adj. 可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的
(经典佳句)(2018·北京高考)During the MidAutumn Festival, family members ften gather tgether t share a meal, admire the mn and enjy mn cakes.
中秋节期间，家人经常聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We admire the ld scientist fr his great cntributins t his cuntry.
② I'd like t express my admiratin (admire) fr his curage and uncmplaining spirit f the firefighters.
③His bravery is admirable (admire) s we all like him.
[写美] 补全句子
④全场观众被她的表演深深打动，赞叹不已。
Deeply mved by her perfrmance, the whle audience gasped with admiratin.
2．judge v．认为，判断n.裁判员；法官
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin.
你还需要判断你动机的质量和深度。
(1)judge sb./sth.by/frm 通过……判断某人/某物
as far as I can judge 据我判断
(2)judging by/frm ... 从……来看；根据……判断
(3)judgement n. 看法；判断力；判决
in ne's judgement 在某人看来
(经典佳句)As the ld saying ges，“Yu can't judge a bk by/frm its cver.”
俗话说：“不能以貌取人。”
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He achieved his aim mre by luck than judgement(judge)．
②In my judgement (judge), it is necessary t pay him a visit.
[写美] 补全句子
③从他说的话来看，我认为他不太可能支持你的申请。
Judging by/frm what he said, I think it's very unlikely that he'll be able t supprt yur applicatin.
[名师点津] judging by/frm ...作状语时，是独立成分，不受主语的影响和限制。有类似用法的还有：
generally/exactly/frankly/hnestly speaking 一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说；cnsidering (that) ...考虑到……，鉴于……；prviding/prvided(that) ...假如……，倘若……。
3．settle v．和解，结束(争论)，解决；定居；(使)安定，(使)平静
It's time yu settled yur differences with yur father.
现在你该解决同你父亲之间的分歧了。
(1)settle fr 勉强接受，将就
settle in/int 定居；适应新环境(或新工作)
settle dwn 平静下来；安顿下来；着手认真做(＋t)
(2)settler n. 移民；殖民者
(3)settled adj. 稳定的；定居的
(经典佳句)He refused t settle fr anything that was secnd best.
他拒绝退而求其次。
[练透] 一词多义
①It tk mnths t settle the dispute.和解，结束
②That tur guide had cme t America and settled in Bstn. 定居
③It tk me a few minutes t settle dwn befre I gave a speech. 平静下来
单句语法填空
④—Why d yu lk s upset?
— There are s many trublesme prblems remaining t be settled (settle)．
⑤With a lt f difficult prblems t settle (settle), the newlyelected president is having a hard time.
[写美] 翻译句子
⑥他发现很难平静下来工作。
He fund it hard t settle dwn t wrk.
4．detail n．细节，细微之处；详情vt.详述；详细说明
(教材P32) Features are written in an individual style, with extra detail and backgrund.
新闻特写是用一种独特的风格写的，细节和背景信息更详细。
(1)in detail 详细地
g int detail(s) 详述
fr further details 欲知详情
(2)detailed adj. 详细的；详尽的
(经典佳句)We dn't knw the full details f the stry yet.
我们还不知道故事的全部情节。
[练透] 一词多义
①Tday's newspaper gives all the ghastly details f the murder.细节，细微之处
②The brchure details all the htels in the area and their facilities.详述，详尽说明
单句语法填空
③He gave me detailed (detail) instructins n hw t get there.
[写美] 补全句子
④此事当另函详陈。
The matter will be explained in detail in a separate letter.
5．cntain v．包含，含有；容纳；抑制，克制(强烈的感情)
(教材P32) The middle part cntains the “meat” f the stry，with the ending being a summary，a pwerful qute r even a surprise fr the reader.
中间部分是故事的“重要部分”，结尾是一个总结，一句有力的引言，甚至是给读者的一个惊喜。
(1)cntain neself 控制/克制自己
(2)cntainer n. 容器
(3)A cntains B(＝B is inside A) B在A里面
(4)A includes B(＝B is part f A) B是A的一部分
(经典佳句)(2019·天津高考)Each cntains five bedrms，tilet facilities，and a shared kitchen with a fridge and cupbard.
每个房间都有五间卧室、卫生间设施和一个带有冰箱和橱柜的共享厨房。
[练透] 一词多义
①This bk cntains all the infrmatin yu need.包含，含有
②The hall can cntain 3,000 peple. 容纳
③I'm s angry that I culdn't cntain myself.抑制，克制
[写美] 补全句子
④听到这个消息，他难以克制，突然大笑起来。
Hearing the news, he culdn't cntain himself and burst int laughter.
[巧学助记] The cntainer cntains many kinds f fruits，including apples/apples included.
容器中盛着很多种水果，其中包括苹果。
6．pwerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的
(1)pwer n． 力量，权力，电力供应
v. 给……提供动力，驱动
within ne's pwer 在某人能力/权力范围之内
beynd ne's pwer 超出某人的能力/权力
be in pwer 执政
cme t pwer 开始掌权/执政
a pwer failure 停电；电力故障
(2)pwerfully adv. 强大地；强烈地
(经典佳句)She's the mst pwerful persn in the rganizatin.
她是该组织中最有影响力的人。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Hw lng shuld a President be allwed t remain in pwer?
②Tday's teachers are nt the pwerful(pwer)authrity figures they nce were.
③The new gvernment came t pwer under the banner f fighting pverty.
[写美] 一句多译
我不能给你退款——恐怕这不在我的职权范围内。
④I can't give yu a refund — I'm afraid it's nt within my pwer.
⑤I can't give yu a refund — I'm afraid it's beynd my pwer.
7．in truble 有困难；处于困境中
(教材P32) His brther was in truble.
弟弟遇到了麻烦。
get int truble 陷入困境；惹麻烦
have truble/difficulty ding sth. 做某事有困难
have truble with sth. 做某事有困难
(经典佳句)We shuld trust ur friends, respect them and always be ready t help them when they are in truble.
我们应信任并尊重我们的朋友，在他们有困难的时候帮助他们。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He ften gets int truble in his new schl.
②I have many friends t turn t when I am in truble.
③Whenever we have truble with ur studies, ur teachers help us patiently.
[写美] 一句多译
许多家长坦承，在教育子女的问题上存在困惑。
④Many parents frankly admit that they have truble bringing up their children.(truble)
⑤Many parents frankly admit that they have difficulty bringing up their children.(difficulty)
8．leave behind 把……落在后面
(教材P33) Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behind.
要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。
leave ut 省去，遗漏；忽略；冷落
leave 不管，不理，不干涉
leave 不予考虑，搁置一边
(经典佳句)He set ff fr Lndn, leaving the children eq \a\vs4\al(behind ) eq \a\vs4\al(with their mther).
他动身去伦敦，把孩子们留给他们的母亲。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Let's leave the matter aside fr a mment.
②The teacher stressed again that the students shuld nt leave ut any imprtant details while retelling the stry.
[写美] 补全句子
③我想去度假，迫不及待地想要离开这个地方。
I'd lve t have a hliday and I can't wait t leave this place behind.
[文化浸蕴] Either ne ges frward r he will be left behind.
不进则退。
1．[句型公式] since 引导时间状语从句
(教材P33) The Brwnlee brthers have been ding triathlns since they were children.
布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。
句中since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来多久了”，从句中的谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句中的谓语动词多用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
(1)since的基本用法：
①作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语；
②作介词，后接表示时间的名词(短语)；
③作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句通常用一般过去时。
(2)since的常见句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。
(经典佳句)(2020·江苏高考)He has been hnred as a master dctr since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
自东汉以来，他就被尊称为“医圣”。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①As is reprted，it is 100 years since Tsinghua University was funded (fund)．
②(2020·天津高考)The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and has remained (remain) arund that level ever since.
[写美] 补全句子
③自从大学毕业后我们就再也没有见过面。
We have never met since we graduated frm the cllege.
2．[句型公式] 主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式
(教材P33) But fr Alistair, his decisin was easy t explain：“Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behind.”
但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：“要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。”
该句型是“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其中his decisin和及物动词explain构成动宾关系。在该句型中常常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：
(1)形容词常常表示主语的性质或特征。常见的此类形容词有difficult, hard, easy, gd, cmfrtable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。
(2)不定式的动词和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但是形式上用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
(经典佳句)I like getting up very early in summer.The mrning air is s gd t breathe.
在夏天我喜欢很早起床。早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来真好。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The apples are hard t reach (reach)．
②The bss is hard t get alng with.
[写美] 补全句子
③这个问题太难了，她答不上来。
The questin is t hard fr her t answer.
[名师点津] 若不定式的动词为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
The armchair lks rather hard, but it is very cmfrtable t sit in.
这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。(句中sit为不及物动词，故其后应该加介词in)
维度一 品句填词
1．Judging (判断) by his cheerful manner, he must have enjyed his meal.
2．Each netwrk has news features (特写), dramatic presentatins, cmedies and sprts events.
3．Yu'll find this style (风格) f architecture all ver the twn.
4．There has been a series (系列) f activities celebrating the 80th anniversary f ur schl.
5．All the winners were called frward t receive the medals.
6．Despite (尽管) her terrible illness, she wrks hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.
7．Failure can make a psitive (积极的) cntributin t yur life nce yu learn t use it.
8．I lst a file cntaining a lt f imprtant dcuments.
9．D yu have any guidance frm the team fr yur behaviur n the track (跑道)?
10．The media (媒体) have been filled with tales f hrrr and lss resulting frm Mnday's earthquake.
维度二 词形转换
1．He was a pwerful (pwer) frce in British plitics during the war years.
2．I wanted t express my admiratin (admire) fr the way the crew handled the crisis.
3．She has given the plice a very detailed(detail) descriptin f the rbber.
4．I'm nt entirely (entire) happy abut the prpsal.
5．The accident was caused by an errr f judgement (judge) n the part f the pilt.
6．The fllwing is a summary (summarize) f ur cnclusins.
7．The price f wine varies enrmusly(enrmus)depending n where it cmes frm.
8．The htel has 100 individually (individual) designed bedrms.
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．Mary is a perfectinist.She refuses t settle fr (勉强接受) any thing that is rdinary.
2．They were in the lead(领先) and the finish line was clse.
3．The ld lady ften cmfrts thse wh are in truble (陷入困境)．
4．If yu dn't keep up with the times, yu'll get left behind (把……抛在后面)．
5．The new technlgy was applied t (应用于) farming.
6．This kind f ntebk cmputer is easy t perate (易于操作)．
eq \a\vs4\al([原文呈现])
03/Sprt28 September 2016
JUST A BROTHER
It was the final part f the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series① in Mexic.[1]With just 700 metres t g, Alistair Brwnlee was in third place② and his yunger brther, Jnny, was in the lead③.[2]Alistair pushed himself twards the finish line in the burning heat, but as he came rund the crner, he saw his brther abut t fall nt the track④. Alistair had t chse — brtherly lve, r a chance t win the race?
[1]本句为and连接的并列句。句中with复合结构作状语。
[2]本句为but连接的并列句。第二个分句中as引导时间状语从句。
Fr Alistair, the chice was clear.His brther was in truble⑤.He had t help.Alistair ran twards Jnny, caught him and started pulling him twards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brther ver the line.The mve⑥ put Jnny in secnd place and Alistair himself in third.It was an unexpected⑦ end t the race, but Alistair did nt want t discuss it with the media⑧.[3]He just wanted t see his yunger brther, wh had been rushed t the medical area.
[3]wh引导非限制性定语从句。
[4]The Brwnlee brthers have been ding triathlns since they were children.“Obviusly⑨， when yur lder brther is ding it, yu think it's a cl thing t d, ”says Jnny.[5]Alistair says that they encurage each ther as much as they can when they train.Despite⑩ arguments⑪ ver “stupid things” nw and then⑫， Alistair agrees that having a brther is an advantage⑬.“Thrughut my entire⑭ life, I've had my brther trying t beat⑮ me at everything I d.It has been an enrmusly⑯ psitive frce⑰.”
[4]since引导时间状语从句。
[5]that引导宾语从句；as引导比较状语从句。
Watched by millins, the ending t the race has divided pinins⑱：shuld the brthers have been disqualified⑲ r highly praised⑳ fr their actins? But fr Alistair, his decisin was easy t explain：“Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behindeq \(○,\s\up1(21)).” At that mment, he was n lnger an athleteeq \(○,\s\up1(22)) aiming fr a medaleq \(○,\s\up1(23))— he was just a brther.
eq \a\vs4\al([读文清障])
①series n．系列比赛
the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series 2016年世界铁人三项系列赛
②in third place 位居第三
③in the lead 领先
④track n．跑道
⑤in truble 处于困境，陷入麻烦
⑥mve n．行动，举动
⑦unexpected adj.出乎意料的
⑧media n．新闻媒体，传媒
⑨bviusly adv.明显地，显而易见地
⑩despite prep.尽管，虽然
⑪argument n．争论，争吵
⑫nw and then 不时，偶尔
⑬advantage n．优势
⑭entire adj.全部的，整个的
⑮beat v．击败，打败
⑯enrmusly adv.非常，极其
⑰frce n．力，力量
⑱divided pinins 不同的观点
⑲disqualify v．(因犯规而)取消……的资格
⑳be highly praised 受到高度赞扬
eq \(○,\s\up1(21))leave 把……丢下，把……抛在后面
eq \(○,\s\up1(22))athlete n．运动员，田径运动员
eq \(○,\s\up1(23))medal n．奖牌，勋章
[参考译文]
03/体育2016年9月28日
只是一位兄长
这是2016年在墨西哥举行的世界铁人三项系列赛的最后一程。距终点还有700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利位列第三，他的弟弟乔尼处于领先地位。阿利斯泰尔在酷热中奋力奔向终点，但就在他转过弯道时，却看到弟弟快要倒在跑道上。阿利斯泰尔必须作出选择——是要手足之情，还是要赢得比赛？
对阿利斯泰尔来说，如何选择显而易见。弟弟遇到了麻烦，他必须施以援手。阿利斯泰尔跑向乔尼，抓住他，并拖着他跑向终点。接着，阿利斯泰尔把乔尼推过终点线。这一举动使乔尼获得第二名，而他自己则位列第三。这是一个意料之外的结局，但阿利斯泰尔并不想与媒体讨论此事。他只想去探望被紧急送到医疗区的弟弟。
布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。“显然，当你的哥哥参加铁人三项时，你会觉得这很酷。”乔尼说道。阿利斯泰尔称，他们在训练的时候尽可能地互相鼓励。尽管偶尔会为一些“蠢事”争吵，阿利斯泰尔仍然觉得有个兄弟是种优势。“在我的一生中，我的弟弟总想在各个方面打败我。这对我来说是非常积极的动力。”
有数百万人目睹了这场比赛的结局，但对此也是众说纷纭：兄弟二人是应该因他们的行为被取消比赛资格，还是应该被高度赞扬？但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：“要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。”在那一刻，他不再是一名想赢得奖牌的运动员——他只是一位兄长。
Step One：Prereading
What's brtherly lve?
Brtherly lve is based n the experience that we all are ne.In brtherly lve there is the experience f unin with all men.
Step Tw：Whilereading
Ⅰ.Read fr the main idea
The text mainly tells us .
A．peple's different pinins abut the Brwnlee brthers
B．lve and cmpetitin are equally imprtant in the match
C．the value f brtherly lve
D．lve is precius
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read fr details
Read the passage carefully and chse the best answers.
1．When did the stry take place?
A．In the Olympic Games.
B．In the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series.
C．In the Wrld Champinship.
D．In a marathn.
2．What's Alistair's chice?
A．T help his brther.
B．T win the game.
C．T find a dctr.
D．T rush his brther t the hspital.
3．Why des Alistair think that having a brther is “an advantage”？
A．Because he can't leave his brther when they train.
B．Because he likes arguing with his brther ver “stupid things”．
C．Because his brther sets him a gd example t learn frm.
D．Because his brther can bring him psitive frce in everything.
4．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Alistair was in the lead when his brther was abut t fall.
B．Alistair was yunger than his brther.
C．Alistair may have wn the race.
D．Alistair thught what he did was wrng.
答案：1～4 BADC
Step Three：Pstreading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was the final part f the 2016 Wrld Triathln Series in Mexic.With nly 700 metres 1.t g (g), Alistair pushed 2.himself (he) twards the finish line in the 3.burning (burn)heat，but he saw his brther abut 4.t fall (fall) nt the track.Alistair had t chse — brtherly lve, r a chance t win the race?
Alistair ran twards Jnny, 5.caught (catch) him and started pulling him twards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brther ver the line.The mve put Jnny in 6.secnd (tw) place and Alistair himself in third.It was 7.an unexpected end t the race，but Alistair did nt want t discuss 8.it with the media.He just wanted t see his yunger brther,9.wh had been rushed t the 10.medical (medicine) area.Because at that mment，he was n lnger an athlete aiming fr a medal — he was just a brther.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．judge a persn by ne's appearance 以貌取人
2．settle the prblem 解决问题
3．a dublepage feature n glbal warming 关于全球变暖的跨页特写
4．children with individual needs 有各自需求的孩子
5．a dynamic style f management 动态灵活的管理风格
6．cntain n additives 不含添加剂
7．the general summary 概要
8．arund the track 沿着跑道
9．a reginal media campaign 一个区域性媒体宣传活动
10．despite her disabilities 尽管她身体残疾
11．the entire financial system 整个金融系统
12．all psitive factrs 所有积极的因素
13．receive a medal fr his herism 由于他的英勇而获得一枚奖章
14．enrmusly pwerful 非常强大
15．Beytn is an admirable character wh has wn the admiratin f many peple.(admire)
16．He knew the detailed infrmatin f the stry, s I asked him t describe the stry in detail.(detail)
17．Althugh the man is pwerful, it is beynd his pwer t fulfill the task.(pwer)
18．There is n bvius slutin t the prblem.Obviusly, that is why he is upset.(bvius)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
pwer n．权力，影响力＋ful→pwerful adj.强有力的，有影响力的
skillful adj.灵巧的，熟练的 hpeful adj.有希望的
helpful adj.有益的，有用的 useful adj.有用的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Harry was in the lead (领先) at the beginning f the race.
2．Her marriage is in truble (处于困境) and she is desperately unhappy.
3．I meet him every nw and then (不时地) n the campus.
4．He was highly praised fr (由于……受到高度赞扬) his research n heart disease last year.
5．Sarah, with her lng legs, sn left the rest f us far behind (把……抛在后面)．
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] With just 700 metres t g, Alistair Brwnlee was in third place and his yunger brther, Jnny, was in the lead.
[句式分析] with复合结构。
[佳句仿写] 还有10分钟，你最好快一点儿。
With 10 minutes t g, yu'd better hurry.
2．[教材原句] The Brwnlee brthers have been ding triathlns since they were children.
[句式分析] since引导时间状语从句。
[佳句仿写] 自从我们上次见面以来，你变化好大。
Yu have changed a lt since we last met.
3．[教材原句] But fr Alistair, his decisin was easy t explain：“Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behind.”
[句式分析] 主语＋be＋形容词＋t d sth.
[佳句仿写] 这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就能学会使用。
This machine is very easy t perate.Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes.
1．admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕；欣赏，观赏
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)It's her friendliness and the sense f respnsibility that make me admire her.
是她的友好和责任感让我钦佩她。
(1)admire sb.fr (ding) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩某人
(2)admiratin n. 钦佩；羡慕
with/in admiratin 钦佩地
(3)admiring adj. 赞赏的；钦佩的；令人欣赏的
(4)admirable adj. 可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的
(经典佳句)(2018·北京高考)During the MidAutumn Festival, family members ften gather tgether t share a meal, admire the mn and enjy mn cakes.
中秋节期间，家人经常聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We admire the ld scientist fr his great cntributins t his cuntry.
② I'd like t express my admiratin (admire) fr his curage and uncmplaining spirit f the firefighters.
③His bravery is admirable (admire) s we all like him.
[写美] 补全句子
④全场观众被她的表演深深打动，赞叹不已。
Deeply mved by her perfrmance, the whle audience gasped with admiratin.
2．judge v．认为，判断n.裁判员；法官
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin.
你还需要判断你动机的质量和深度。
(1)judge sb./sth.by/frm 通过……判断某人/某物
as far as I can judge 据我判断
(2)judging by/frm ... 从……来看；根据……判断
(3)judgement n. 看法；判断力；判决
in ne's judgement 在某人看来
(经典佳句)As the ld saying ges，“Yu can't judge a bk by/frm its cver.”
俗话说：“不能以貌取人。”
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He achieved his aim mre by luck than judgement(judge)．
②In my judgement (judge), it is necessary t pay him a visit.
[写美] 补全句子
③从他说的话来看，我认为他不太可能支持你的申请。
Judging by/frm what he said, I think it's very unlikely that he'll be able t supprt yur applicatin.
[名师点津] judging by/frm ...作状语时，是独立成分，不受主语的影响和限制。有类似用法的还有：
generally/exactly/frankly/hnestly speaking 一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说；cnsidering (that) ...考虑到……，鉴于……；prviding/prvided(that) ...假如……，倘若……。
3．settle v．和解，结束(争论)，解决；定居；(使)安定，(使)平静
It's time yu settled yur differences with yur father.
现在你该解决同你父亲之间的分歧了。
(1)settle fr 勉强接受，将就
settle in/int 定居；适应新环境(或新工作)
settle dwn 平静下来；安顿下来；着手认真做(＋t)
(2)settler n. 移民；殖民者
(3)settled adj. 稳定的；定居的
(经典佳句)He refused t settle fr anything that was secnd best.
他拒绝退而求其次。
[练透] 一词多义
①It tk mnths t settle the dispute.和解，结束
②That tur guide had cme t America and settled in Bstn. 定居
③It tk me a few minutes t settle dwn befre I gave a speech. 平静下来
单句语法填空
④—Why d yu lk s upset?
— There are s many trublesme prblems remaining t be settled (settle)．
⑤With a lt f difficult prblems t settle (settle), the newlyelected president is having a hard time.
[写美] 翻译句子
⑥他发现很难平静下来工作。
He fund it hard t settle dwn t wrk.
4．detail n．细节，细微之处；详情vt.详述；详细说明
(教材P32) Features are written in an individual style, with extra detail and backgrund.
新闻特写是用一种独特的风格写的，细节和背景信息更详细。
(1)in detail 详细地
g int detail(s) 详述
fr further details 欲知详情
(2)detailed adj. 详细的；详尽的
(经典佳句)We dn't knw the full details f the stry yet.
我们还不知道故事的全部情节。
[练透] 一词多义
①Tday's newspaper gives all the ghastly details f the murder.细节，细微之处
②The brchure details all the htels in the area and their facilities.详述，详尽说明
单句语法填空
③He gave me detailed (detail) instructins n hw t get there.
[写美] 补全句子
④此事当另函详陈。
The matter will be explained in detail in a separate letter.
5．cntain v．包含，含有；容纳；抑制，克制(强烈的感情)
(教材P32) The middle part cntains the “meat” f the stry，with the ending being a summary，a pwerful qute r even a surprise fr the reader.
中间部分是故事的“重要部分”，结尾是一个总结，一句有力的引言，甚至是给读者的一个惊喜。
(1)cntain neself 控制/克制自己
(2)cntainer n. 容器
(3)A cntains B(＝B is inside A) B在A里面
(4)A includes B(＝B is part f A) B是A的一部分
(经典佳句)(2019·天津高考)Each cntains five bedrms，tilet facilities，and a shared kitchen with a fridge and cupbard.
每个房间都有五间卧室、卫生间设施和一个带有冰箱和橱柜的共享厨房。
[练透] 一词多义
①This bk cntains all the infrmatin yu need.包含，含有
②The hall can cntain 3,000 peple. 容纳
③I'm s angry that I culdn't cntain myself.抑制，克制
[写美] 补全句子
④听到这个消息，他难以克制，突然大笑起来。
Hearing the news, he culdn't cntain himself and burst int laughter.
[巧学助记] The cntainer cntains many kinds f fruits，including apples/apples included.
容器中盛着很多种水果，其中包括苹果。
6．pwerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的
(1)pwer n． 力量，权力，电力供应
v. 给……提供动力，驱动
within ne's pwer 在某人能力/权力范围之内
beynd ne's pwer 超出某人的能力/权力
be in pwer 执政
cme t pwer 开始掌权/执政
a pwer failure 停电；电力故障
(2)pwerfully adv. 强大地；强烈地
(经典佳句)She's the mst pwerful persn in the rganizatin.
她是该组织中最有影响力的人。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Hw lng shuld a President be allwed t remain in pwer?
②Tday's teachers are nt the pwerful(pwer)authrity figures they nce were.
③The new gvernment came t pwer under the banner f fighting pverty.
[写美] 一句多译
我不能给你退款——恐怕这不在我的职权范围内。
④I can't give yu a refund — I'm afraid it's nt within my pwer.
⑤I can't give yu a refund — I'm afraid it's beynd my pwer.
7．in truble 有困难；处于困境中
(教材P32) His brther was in truble.
弟弟遇到了麻烦。
get int truble 陷入困境；惹麻烦
have truble/difficulty ding sth. 做某事有困难
have truble with sth. 做某事有困难
(经典佳句)We shuld trust ur friends, respect them and always be ready t help them when they are in truble.
我们应信任并尊重我们的朋友，在他们有困难的时候帮助他们。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He ften gets int truble in his new schl.
②I have many friends t turn t when I am in truble.
③Whenever we have truble with ur studies, ur teachers help us patiently.
[写美] 一句多译
许多家长坦承，在教育子女的问题上存在困惑。
④Many parents frankly admit that they have truble bringing up their children.(truble)
⑤Many parents frankly admit that they have difficulty bringing up their children.(difficulty)
8．leave behind 把……落在后面
(教材P33) Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behind.
要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。
leave ut 省去，遗漏；忽略；冷落
leave 不管，不理，不干涉
leave 不予考虑，搁置一边
(经典佳句)He set ff fr Lndn, leaving the children eq \a\vs4\al(behind ) eq \a\vs4\al(with their mther).
他动身去伦敦，把孩子们留给他们的母亲。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Let's leave the matter aside fr a mment.
②The teacher stressed again that the students shuld nt leave ut any imprtant details while retelling the stry.
[写美] 补全句子
③我想去度假，迫不及待地想要离开这个地方。
I'd lve t have a hliday and I can't wait t leave this place behind.
[文化浸蕴] Either ne ges frward r he will be left behind.
不进则退。
1．[句型公式] since 引导时间状语从句
(教材P33) The Brwnlee brthers have been ding triathlns since they were children.
布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。
句中since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来多久了”，从句中的谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句中的谓语动词多用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
(1)since的基本用法：
①作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语；
②作介词，后接表示时间的名词(短语)；
③作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句通常用一般过去时。
(2)since的常见句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。
(经典佳句)(2020·江苏高考)He has been hnred as a master dctr since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
自东汉以来，他就被尊称为“医圣”。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①As is reprted，it is 100 years since Tsinghua University was funded (fund)．
②(2020·天津高考)The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and has remained (remain) arund that level ever since.
[写美] 补全句子
③自从大学毕业后我们就再也没有见过面。
We have never met since we graduated frm the cllege.
2．[句型公式] 主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式
(教材P33) But fr Alistair, his decisin was easy t explain：“Mum wuldn't have been happy if I'd left Jnny behind.”
但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：“要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。”
该句型是“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其中his decisin和及物动词explain构成动宾关系。在该句型中常常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：
(1)形容词常常表示主语的性质或特征。常见的此类形容词有difficult, hard, easy, gd, cmfrtable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。
(2)不定式的动词和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但是形式上用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
(经典佳句)I like getting up very early in summer.The mrning air is s gd t breathe.
在夏天我喜欢很早起床。早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来真好。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The apples are hard t reach (reach)．
②The bss is hard t get alng with.
[写美] 补全句子
③这个问题太难了，她答不上来。
The questin is t hard fr her t answer.
[名师点津] 若不定式的动词为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
The armchair lks rather hard, but it is very cmfrtable t sit in.
这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。(句中sit为不及物动词，故其后应该加介词in)
维度一 品句填词
1．Judging (判断) by his cheerful manner, he must have enjyed his meal.
2．Each netwrk has news features (特写), dramatic presentatins, cmedies and sprts events.
3．Yu'll find this style (风格) f architecture all ver the twn.
4．There has been a series (系列) f activities celebrating the 80th anniversary f ur schl.
5．All the winners were called frward t receive the medals.
6．Despite (尽管) her terrible illness, she wrks hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.
7．Failure can make a psitive (积极的) cntributin t yur life nce yu learn t use it.
8．I lst a file cntaining a lt f imprtant dcuments.
9．D yu have any guidance frm the team fr yur behaviur n the track (跑道)?
10．The media (媒体) have been filled with tales f hrrr and lss resulting frm Mnday's earthquake.
维度二 词形转换
1．He was a pwerful (pwer) frce in British plitics during the war years.
2．I wanted t express my admiratin (admire) fr the way the crew handled the crisis.
3．She has given the plice a very detailed(detail) descriptin f the rbber.
4．I'm nt entirely (entire) happy abut the prpsal.
5．The accident was caused by an errr f judgement (judge) n the part f the pilt.
6．The fllwing is a summary (summarize) f ur cnclusins.
7．The price f wine varies enrmusly(enrmus)depending n where it cmes frm.
8．The htel has 100 individually (individual) designed bedrms.
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．Mary is a perfectinist.She refuses t settle fr (勉强接受) any thing that is rdinary.
2．They were in the lead(领先) and the finish line was clse.
3．The ld lady ften cmfrts thse wh are in truble (陷入困境)．
4．If yu dn't keep up with the times, yu'll get left behind (把……抛在后面)．
5．The new technlgy was applied t (应用于) farming.
6．This kind f ntebk cmputer is easy t perate (易于操作)．
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