高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science学案

Unit 3 War and peace

Ⅰ.匹配词义

a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。

(　　)1.allied　　　 A．adj.严肃的，庄重的

(　　)2.supreme B．adj.最高的

(　　)3.drown   C．v.(使)非常疲倦

(　　)4.solemn D．v.(使)淹死

(　　)5.weary   E．adj.(第二次世界大战)同盟国的

[答案]　1－5　EBDAC

b．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。

(　　)1.nothing less than   A．到达

(　　)2.meet up with B．介于……之间，在中间

(　　)3.in between   C．与……会合

(　　)4.make it D．大量地

(　　)5.in large numbers  E．简直，全然

[答案]　1－5　ECBAD

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．objective n．　 目的，目标

2．recall v.   回想，回忆起

3．barely adv.   勉强才能

4．liberate v.   解放(城市、国家等)

5．outstanding adj.   杰出的，优秀的

6．violence n．　   暴力

7．commander n.   指挥官，长官

8．horror n．　   令人恐怖的事

9．condemn v．　　   迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地

10．memorial adj.   纪念的，追悼的

Ⅰ.语境填空

solemn；troop；drown；tide；amongst；horror；outstanding；recall

1．Troop movements can be observed from space by a satellite.

2．They looked at him with a mixture of horror，envy，and awe.

3．His behavior was not in keeping with the solemn occasion.

4．The girl who won the scholarship was quite outstanding．

5．They were going to sail around the little island，against the tide．

6．You don't happen to recall his name, do you?

7．She turned up the radio to drown out the noise from next door.

8．The changes will mean 7，000 job losses amongst railway workers.

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．The speech given by the commander(command) put fresh courage into soldiers.

2．A memorial(memory) is a structure built in order to remind people of a famous person or event.

3．Our main objective(object) was the recovery of the child，safe and well.

4．It is anger that is repressed that leads to violence(violent) and loss of control.

5．He did well in mathematics，but barely(bare) scraped through in chemistry.

6．Agriculture plays an important part in serving the people after liberation(liberate) in this country.

7．The pilot was forced to make an emergency landing(land)．

8．I have a horrible(horror) feeling that we're going to miss the plane.

1．Code­named“Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north­west Europe from German occupation.

这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。

2．We will accept nothing less than full Victory!

我们必须取得彻底的胜利！

3．With these words ringing in their ears，Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D­Day.

这些话在他们的耳畔回响，盟军士兵为后来著名的诺曼底登陆日做好了准备。

4．Boats were hit and men drowned，while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.

船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陆的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。

5．Although each year they are fewer in number，their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.

虽然每年相聚的人越来越少，但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们——以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。

名师圈点

①(be) made up of由……组成

②mark v．标示，标志

③combined adj.联合的

④free...from 使……从……中解放出来；使摆脱

⑤combination n．结合，组合

⑥issue v．宣布，发布

⑦have confidence in对……有信心

⑧nothing less than完全是

⑨prepare for为……做准备

⑩the English Channel 英吉利海峡

⑪objective n．目的，目标

⑫violence n．暴力

⑬make it 获得成功，成功到达

⑭recall v．回想，回忆起

⑮barely adv.勉强才能

⑯success n．成功的事

⑰be seen as被看作

⑱liberate v．解放(城市、国家等)

⑲meet up with与……会合，见面

⑳gather v．聚集

channel n．海峡；频道

memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的

ceremony n.仪式，典礼

occasion n．场合

in number在数量上

outstanding adj.杰出的，优秀的

courage n．勇气

原文呈现

The D­DAY LANDINGS

By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging across the globe for about five years.[1] But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening: Allied troops made up mainly of① British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.This marked② one of the final stages of a top­secret operation that had been months, perhaps years, in the planning.Code­named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined③ sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north­west Europe from④ German occupation.After waiting for the perfect combination⑤ of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.

An order issued⑥ by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read: “Your task will not be an easy one.Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle­hardened...But this is the year 1944...The tide has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have full confidence in⑦ your courage, devotion to duty and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than⑧ full Victory！”

[1]“by＋表示过去的时间点”作时间状语，句子谓语用过去完成时。

 With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for⑨ what would become known as D­Day.[2] At dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France.Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel⑩ to Normandy, protected by fighter planes in the skies above them.Their objective⑪ was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.But even in the depths of war, few could have been prepared for the violence⑫ and horror they would experience there.

The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. Boats were hit and men drowned [3]，while those who did make it⑬ to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire[4]. By mid­morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.One soldier recalled⑭ how he barely⑮ made it with bombs falling all around him[5]: “I was the first one out. The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.All the ones in between were hit.Two were killed; three were injured.That's how lucky you had to be.”

[2]With these words ringing in their ears为with复合结构作状语；what引导宾语从句，其在从句中作主语。

[3]本句为并列句的省略，men与drowned之间省略了be动词were。

[4] did make it为强调结构，did放在谓语前，强调谓语。

[5] 句中with bombs falling all around him为with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中宾语为bombs，宾语补足语为falling all around him。

But, despite the high cost in human life, the D­Day landings were a success⑯ and were seen widely as⑰ the beginning of the end of the Second World War.By the end of August 1944，the Allies had reached the River Seine, Paris was liberated⑱ and the Germans had been removed from north­west France.The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with⑲ the Soviet military moving in from the east.

Seventy years later, men who had fought on D­Day gathered⑳ on both sides of the English Channel㉑, where people were coming together for memorial㉒ ceremonies㉓.As part of this solemn and moving occasion㉔, a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen, by Laurence Binyon：

They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old：

Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.

At the going down of the sun and in the morning

We will remember them.

Survivors of the D­Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.Although each year they are fewer in number㉕, their outstanding㉖ acts of courage㉗ mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.

译文参考

诺曼底登陆

1944年春天，第二次世界大战的战火已经席卷全球大约五年了。但是在英格兰的南部海岸正发生着不寻常的事情：由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的盟军正在大量聚集。这标志着一场计划了数月，甚至可能是数年的绝密行动终于进入了最后阶段。这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。在确保天气、月亮和潮水三者达到最佳结合点后，“霸王行动”最终定在了6月6日。

盟军最高指挥官艾森豪威尔将军向部队发出命令：“你们的任务将不会轻松。敌人训练有素、武器精良，而且久经沙场……但今年是1944年……时局已经发生转变！全世界自由的人们正在一起向胜利前进！我对你们的勇气、责任心和作战能力十分有信心。我们必须取得彻底的胜利！”

这些话在他们的耳畔回响，盟军士兵为后来著名的诺曼底登陆日做好了准备。6月6日清晨，数千名士兵在法国北部空降在敌人后方。与此同时，更有数千名士兵在战斗机的保护下，穿越英吉利海峡，在诺曼底登陆。他们的目标很明确：沿着法国大约80公里的海岸线到达诺曼底海滩。但即使是在战争最激烈的时候，也很少有人能为他们在那里所经历的暴力和恐怖做好准备。

奥马哈海滩的情况最不容乐观。敌人藏身于各个地方，准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陆的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。上午10点左右已有上百人在水中或在海滩上的坦克之间阵亡。一名士兵事后回忆他是如何在轰炸中侥幸脱险的：“我是第一个冲出来的人，第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的，我俩之间的士兵全被击中了，其中有两人死亡，三人受伤。真的是要有天大的幸运才能躲过这一劫。”

尽管伤亡惨重，诺曼底登陆还是取得了成功，并且被人们普遍视为第二次世界大战结束的开端。1944年8月底，盟军抵达塞纳河，解放了巴黎，从法国西北部赶走了德国人。之后盟军准备进攻德国，而苏联军队也正从德国东部攻入，两军相遇。

70年后，曾在诺曼底登陆中奋战的将士聚集在英吉利海峡两岸，人们共同参加纪念仪式。在庄重感人的仪式上，一位当时参战的老兵向众人朗诵了劳伦斯·比尼恩《谨献给阵亡将士》一诗中的一段：

我们会日渐衰老，但他们永远不会老去：

他们永远不为年龄所难，永远不为岁月所累。

每当夕阳西下，每当清晨来临，我们都会想起他们。

诺曼底登陆的幸存者每年都会相聚并纪念他们在登陆那天失去的战友和朋友。虽然每年相聚的人越来越少，但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们——以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。