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专题16 记叙文类七选五 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用）
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这是一份专题16 记叙文类七选五 -2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用），文件包含专题16记叙文类七选五原卷版doc、专题16记叙文类七选五解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
1.题材以说明文为主,但应注意考查记叙文、议论文的可能性，复习时也应注意；
2.包含新课标中的全部主题语境，但以人与社会主题为主；
4.标题时有时无；
3.设空以短中、段首为主，段中是考察重点，断尾一般最多设一题；
一、思维导图
1. 七选五文章结构
七选五的语篇结构有以下四种类型：
七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个”总—分(—总)”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。
2020新高考Ⅱ卷
Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better… Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
● Stay psitive.
● Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
● ____39____
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic (过敏) t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
● Ask questins.
2.掌握语篇的衔接手段
语篇的衔接手段主要有语法手段(如指代等)和词汇手段(如复现关系、同现关系等)。
(1)语法手段(指代)
凡在选项中或空格前、后句中遇到代词，我们要思考该代词替代上文中的什么内容，意义是否通顺。如：
(2020年全国Ⅱ卷) In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. ____36____. It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
(2) 词汇手段(复现/同现)
① 词语复现：如果空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前后句与选项中没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。
(2020年新高考Ⅱ卷)
● Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
____38____ This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms (症状) and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu’ve felt that way.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn’t wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr’s visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
② 词语同现：就是有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如schl, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fail, pass, learn等词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如：
(2014全国Ⅰ卷)Yur children need t be deeply curius. ____37____Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add t make these pancakes even better next time?”
A. Encurage kids t ck with yu.
C. We can give kids chances t think abut materials in new ways.
③ 结构复现：就是句子结构重复出现，常有als作为标志词。如：
(2019全国Ⅱ卷)____37____Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values, yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires, etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
3.把握句际的逻辑关系
(1) 总分关系:要求考生根据“总(主题句)”选“分(支撑句或分述句)”,也可能根据“分”选“总”。如：
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)●____37____ D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
(2) 转折关系: (2015全国Ⅰ卷) … lk at everything yu still have and be thankful fr all f the gd in yur life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthy way t wrk thrugh the experience t allw rm fr psitive grwth and frgiveness.
D. Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
G. Seeing the psitive side f things desn’t mean yu’re ignring what happened.
(3) 因果关系:
(2019全国Ⅱ卷) Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk.____39____S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity (清晰) f thughts can help yu mve frward.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
(4) 举例或列举关系:
(2016年Ⅲ卷) Everyne knws that fish is gd fr health. __39__ But it seems that many peple dn’t ck fish at hme.
F. When buying fish, yu shuld first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thught t help prevent heart disease.
4.重视语篇的明显标志
(1) 行文标志:
(2018全国Ⅱ卷)
●Yur prductivity is imprved. Exercising makes yu mre awake…
●Yur metablism (新陈代谢) gets a head start.…
● 39 Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A. Yu will stick t yur diet.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C. Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
(2) 标点符号:
(2015全国Ⅱ卷)During the first week, d nt think abut distance, but run five minutes lnger each day. 38 , it is wise t take a day ff t rest. But during the next week, set a gal f at least a mile and a half per run.
A. After six days
B. Fr a gd marathn runner
2. 七选五文章解题策略
▲试题的位置不同，解题策略也不同
（1）若问题在段首 （i）通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 （ii）与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会有某种的衔接手段。 （iii）段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
（2）若问题在段尾 （i）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 （ii）通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefre, as a result, hence, thus, t sum up, t cnclude, in shrt, in a wrd等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 （iii）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 （vi）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此 根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一 句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。（i）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头 是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
（3）若问题是一整个自然段 （i）承上启下是这个段落的主要任务，且自成一体，所以会有一个该段落主旨。考生可以从选项中较长的选项开始阅读，以此类推直至找到正确答案。 （ii）着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句查找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头， 因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更为重要。 （iii）分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。
简单来说，最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。
二、高考真题
【2020年7月·浙江卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 31 His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 32 I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. ___33___
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 34 I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
35 My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E. Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F. Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G. My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
32.根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
34.根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
2017全国1卷
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insects bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 1
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 2 We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr's bill fr my sn's fd pisning.
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun-filled hliday in the wilderness. 3 Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. My nature-lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
4 We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
5 It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。
36．D【解析】考查上下文的语境理解。根据前文可知，三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营。暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的hwever就起到了很好的转折作用。其次，If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”，和前文时间吻合。故选D。
37.C 【解析】根据后文We sleep in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.中的rugh暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。
38.A【解析】根据前文We sleep in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was n tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。
39.F 【解析】根据后文we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境，故选F。
40.E 【解析】根据后文It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.“我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好的衔接了后文。故选E。
三、模拟演练
1
My mther is a diligent and kind wman. She is very busy frm mrning till night. As a teacher, she wrks hard.1. Bth my brther and I lve her dearly as she lves us.
My mther has been teaching math at a middle schl in my hmetwn. She ges t wrk early in the mrning and des nt return hme until late in the afternn.2. She treats them with patience and teaches them well. Fr her excellent quality and very gd teaching results, she has been elected as a mdel teacher several times.
3. Every day, when she cmes back hme frm wrk, she sets abut ding husewrk, sweeping the living rm and bedrms r cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in gd rder. She seems t be busy all the time. As she has been very busy wrking every day, she lks lder than her age. But she lks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mther never buys expensive dresses fr herself, but she ften buys sme inexpensive but high quality clthes fr us. 4. She just eats a plain meal utside when she is t busy t ck herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, withut any cmplaints.
Often she says t us, “wrk while yu wrk, and play while yu play. That is the way t be happy and gay. If yu d nt wrk, yu will becme lazy and be f n use t sciety”. What a piece f gd advice this is! 5. This advice f hers will always serve as a guide t my behavir. My mther is great indeed, and I always feel prud f her.
A. As a mther, she takes gd care f us and gives us every cmfrt.
B. She enjys listening t classic music.
C. She never ges t expensive restaurants t enjy meals.
D. She lves her students and cares fr them.
E.My mther is hard-wrking and never wastes mney.
F.Can yu tell us smething abut yur mther?
G.I never frget it and always bear it in my mind.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. E 4. C 5. G
【解析】本文为记叙文。本文介绍了妈妈的性格特点，作为老师她工作努力，作为妈妈她能够用心照顾家庭，教育孩子，给孩子树立良好的榜样。
1. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“As a teacher, she wrks hard”可知，作为老师她非常的努力工作，可知接下来应该描述作为妈妈，她的做法。解析选项可知A项（As a mther, she takes gd care f us and gives us every cmfrt.）符合上下文，故选A。
2. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She treats them with patience and teaches them well” 她非常耐心的对待学生们教他们教的非常的好。可知她对待学生的情况，故D项（She lves her students and cares fr them）符合上下文的语境。故选D。
3. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下文“she sets abut ding husewrk, sweeping the living rm and bedrms r cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in gd rder”和“she ften buys sme inexpensive but high quality clthes fr us”可知，她一回来就做很多的事情，非常勤奋，所以此处应该说母亲非常的勤奋，不浪费每一份钱。由此可推断出妈妈工作努力，生活上又节省，E项（My mther is hard-wrking and never wastes mney）正确。故选E。
4. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She just eats a plain meal utside when she is t busy t ck herself.”可知妈妈她只在外面吃一些非常平常的饭菜，由此可推断出只吃一些很平常的饭菜，不到高档场所去消费。解析选项可知C项（She never ges t expensive restaurants t enjy meals）符合题意，故选C。
5. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“What a piece f gd advice this is!”可知我认为妈妈这个建议非常好，所以我永远都会记住，不会忘记的，G项（I never frget it and always bear it in my mind.）符合上下文，故选G。
2
There was nce a lnely girl wh lnged s much fr lve. One day while she was walking in the wds she fund tw starving birds. 6. She cared them with lve and the birds grew strng. Every mrning they greeted her with a wnderful sng. The girl felt the great lve frm the birds.
7. . The larger and the strnger f the tw birds flew frm the cage. The girl was s frightened that he wuld fly away. As he flew clse, she grasped him wildly. Her heart felt glad at her success in capturing him. 8. . She pened her hand and stared in hrrr at the dead bird. Her desperate lve had killed him.
She nticed the ther bird mving back and frth n the edge f the cage. She culd feel his great need fr freedm. He needed t fly int the clear, blue sky. 9. . The bird circled nce, twice, three times.
The girl watched delightedly at the bird’s enjyment. 10. . She wanted the bird t be happy. Suddenly the bird flew clser and landed sftly n her shulder. It sang the sweetest sngs that she had ever heard.
The fastest way t lse lve is t hld n it t tight, while the best way t keep lve is t give it wings!
A. Her heart was n lnger cncerned with her lss.
B. She gave them sme delicius fd and left.
C. One day she left with the tw birds at hme alne.
D. She tk them hme and put them in a small cage.
E.She lifted him frm the cage and threw him sftly int the air.
F.One day the girl left the dr f the cage pen.
G.Suddenly she felt the bird g sftly.
【答案】6. D 7. F 8. G 9. E 10. A
【解析】这是一篇哲理性的故事。一个孤独的小女孩很渴望爱。一天，她遇到两只快要饿死的小鸟，就带回家养着，鸟也反馈给她很多的爱。一天，一只鸟飞出了笼子，小女孩怕鸟飞走，当鸟靠近她时，她太用力把鸟捏死了。同时，她感受到了另一只鸟渴望自由，就把另一只鸟放了。鸟落在她肩膀唱起了最甜美的歌。这个故事告诉我们：握得太紧爱就会失去，保存爱的方式是给它自由。
6. 空格位于段中。空格前一句话意思是：一天她走在森林里时发现了两只快要饿死的鸟。空格后一句话意思是：她用爱来关心它们，小鸟长得很强壮。可推知，小女孩把小鸟带回了家。选项D中的“tk them hme”符合语境，并且选项D中的“a small cage”与下文中的cage呼应。故选D。
7. 空格位于段首。由空格后的The larger and the strnger f the tw birds flew frm the cage.（大点强壮点的鸟从笼子里飞了出去）可知，笼子门被打开了。选项F中的“left the dr f the cage pen”符合情境。故选F。
8. 空格位于段中。空格上句意思为：她成功抓住了鸟她很开心。空格下句意思为：她张开手，惊恐的发现鸟死了。选项G中的she felt the bird g sftly（她感觉到鸟变软）符合语境，故选G。
9. 空格位于段中。空格后句意为：鸟盘旋了一次、两次、三次。由“circle（盘旋）”可知，小女孩把鸟放了出去，因为小笼子里太小鸟无法盘旋。选项E中的threw him sftly int the air符合语境，故选E。
10. 空格位于段中。空格前句意为：小女孩开心的看着鸟的乐趣。空格后一句意思为：她想要鸟高兴。可知本段是一个快乐的基调，选项A中的“n lnger cncerned with her lss（不再关注在失去上）”符合语境。故选A。
3
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 11.
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 12. We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun-filled hliday in the wilderness. 13. Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. My nature-lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
14. We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
15. It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A. This time there was n tent.
B. Things are ging t be imprved.
C. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D. I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E.I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G.There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. F 15. E
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，从以前对野营活动嗤之以鼻，经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式，建议人们找到属于自己的方式。
11. 上文 They had nthing in cmmn with me 说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者. 而下文主要描述的是"我"从最开始进行"rugh travel"到有了"pp-up camper"再到有了 trailer 的过程，在这过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加，对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长，上下文呈转折关系. D项意为"然而在那之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识"，起到转折作用，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为D。
12. 由下文 We sleep in a tent，cked ver an pen fire，and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm 可知，"我"的野营条件非常艰苦. C项意为"他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦"，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为C。
13. 由下文 Instead，we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner 可知，空格处是与下文形成转折的内容，而"我"此次旅行用了展开式营房. A项意为"这一次没有帐篷"，与下文形成转折，符合语境. 故正确答案为A。
14. 由第三段第一句 ging n anther fun-filled hliday 可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意，而由下文 We have dne a lt f it since 可知，"我们"都爱上了野营. F项意为"从这里旅行后，我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境. 故正确答案为F。
15. 由下文 sner r later，everyne finds his r her way back t nature 可知，"我"希望每个人都能找到回归自然，也就是野营的个性化选择. 形成这一观点的前提是"我"自己已经爱上了野营. E项意为"我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了"，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为E。
4
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 16. His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 17. I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. 18.
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 19. I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
20. My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E.Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F.Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G.My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
16. 设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
17. 根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
18. 根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
19. 根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
20. 根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
5
It was a little befre nine 'clck n Tuesday night. 21. “D yu need a secnd helping f pudding?"a waitress asked. Antni, wh had already finished a plate f pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice f cake, culdn't answer it right away. The questin might be cmmn fr mst diners, but fr him, it was entirely nvel because he was hmeless and was having the meal fr free. 22. .He had n preparatin fr it.
23. But at night, it transfrms itself int a pineering place where hmeless peple such as Antni can dine free f charge, at tables set with flwers, metal cutlery（餐具）and prper glasses.
The restaurant is the latest initiative（初步行动）frm the charity Mensajers de la Paz.It was funded 54 years ag by Father Angel Garcia Rdriguez. Its business mdel – using breakfast and lunch takings frm paying custmers t fund free evening meals fr the hmeless - is simple enugh. 24. “The inspiratin came frm Ppe Francis, wh's spken again and again abut the imprtance f giving peple dignity, whether it's thrugh bread r thrugh wrk," said Father Angel. “ 25. Peple with nthing can cme and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyne else. It's just cmmn sense."
A. By day, the Rbin Hd restaurant, which sits n a side street near the center f Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar.
B. S we thught, why nt pen a restaurant with tableclths, prper cutlery and waiters?
C. They plan t extend the scheme and hpes it will attract famus chefs t cme t ck.
D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a questin.
E.The hmeless are treated with respect at the restaurant.
F.Antni fund himself facing a welcme dilemma.
G.Its aim, hwever, is a little ambitius.
【答案】21. F 22. D 23. A 24. G 25. B
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章记叙了安东尼奥在一家利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐的慈善餐厅用餐的故事。
21. 结合后文Antni, wh had already finished a plate f pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice f cake, culdn't answer it right away. The questin might be cmmn fr mst diners, but fr him, it was entirely nvel because he was hmeless and was having the meal fr free. 安东尼奥已经吃完一盘意大利面、一份炖鱼和一块蛋糕，他不能马上回答。这个问题对大多数用餐者来说可能很常见，但对他来说，这完全是个新奇的问题，因为他无家可归，而且是免费用餐。安东尼奥正在面临着已经吃饱了，可是如果走了又无家可归的两难境地。F. Antni fund himself facing a welcme dilemma. 安东尼奥发现自己面临一个受欢迎的两难境地。符合此处语境。故选F项。
22. 结合前文“D yu need a secnd helping f pudding?" a waitress asked. “你需要再来一份布丁吗？”一位女服务员问道。及后文He had n preparatin fr it. 他没有准备。D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a questin. 这是第一次有人问他这样的问题。与前文问题相照应，也与后文“没有准备好回答”相对应。故选D项。
23. 结合后文But at night, it transfrms itself int a pineering place where hmeless peple such as Antni can dine free f charge, at tables set with flwers, metal cutlery（餐具）and prper glasses. 但到了晚上，它就变成了一个开拓性的地方，像安东尼奥这样的无家可归者可以在摆满鲜花、金属餐具和玻璃杯的桌子上免费用餐。结合连词but可知，此处应该为描述与后文晚上相反的白天的酒店状态。A. By day, the Rbin Hd restaurant, which sits n a side street near the center f Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar. 白天，罗宾汉餐厅坐落在马德里市中心附近的一条小街上，是一家典型的西班牙酒吧。与后文形成转折。故选A项。
24. 结合前文Its business mdel – using breakfast and lunch takings frm paying custmers t fund free evening meals fr the hmeless - is simple enugh. 它的商业模式非常简单，利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐。G. Its aim, hwever, is a little ambitius.它的目标有些雄心勃勃。早餐和午餐收入是远不及晚餐的，因此用早餐和午餐的收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐有些雄心勃勃。故选G项。
25. 结合后文Peple with nthing can cme and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyne else. 没有任何东西的人可以来餐馆吃饭，得到和其他人一样的待遇。B. S we thught, why nt pen a restaurant with tableclths, prper cutlery and waiters? 所以我们想，为什么不开一家有桌布、餐具和服务员的餐厅呢？此处的开餐馆与后文的来餐馆吃饭相对应。故选B项。
6
Abut 43 years ag, sptted an advertisement in the paper fr the YMCA wilderness prgram. 26. My first experience was a bat trip. I still have the images f sunrises and sunsets with all the beautiful clurs n Lake f the Wds.
27. Even nw I can feel the cld water dripping dwn my arm as we sat in the bat pulling the paddles awkwardly thrugh running water. It was my first experience in a bat and my arms became tired after many hurs f paddling.
We stpped fr lunch in the bat by gathering all the bats tgether. 28.
At night it was time t camp at ur site picked ut by ur guide. There we learned t start campfires and ck sme f ur meals. This is where fell in lve with ndles. 29. We cleaned up ur mess and put up ur tents and slept n the grund. We learned t carry the heavy packs t ur next destinatin. I develped a sense f accmplishment and had arm muscles after that trip.
There were n phnes, makeup, hair dryers... just us and the bush. We came frm different backgrunds with different persnalities and we all had t wrk tgether as a grup.
30. . I kept a jurnal frm that secnd trip and ften g back t it.
A. They drpped us ff in the bush.
B. I had t experience mre f the wilderness.
C. I was 15 and wanted t d smething different.
D. Our guide handed ut chclate, cheese, and dried meat.
E.I liked the bat trip s much that I jined the survival trip the next year.
F.It was wnderful sharing simple meals ver the fire and talking with new friends.
G.As a teenager, didn’t knw that I was having the best adventure a teenager culd have.
【答案】26. C 27. G 28. D 29. F 30. E
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了大约43年前，作者在报纸上看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外活动广告后参加的划船活动。
26. 根据空格前Abut 43 years ag, sptted an advertisement in the paper fr the YMCA wilderness prgram. 作者在43年前看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外生存广告。以及My first experience was a bat trip.我的第一次经历是海上旅行。可以推断出，作者当时15岁，想要做一些不同的事情。故选C。
27. 根据空格后Even nw I can feel the cld water dripping dwn my arm as we sat in the bat pulling the paddles awkwardly thrugh running water.现在当时的感受还历历在目，但是作者当时是个青少年，不知道自己当时正在体验对青少年来说最好的奇遇。故选G。
28. 根据空格前We stpped fr lunch in the bat by gathering all the bats tgether.我们所有小船停下来，聚在一起吃午饭，接下来导游要分发食物。导游发给大家巧克力，奶酪和肉。故选D。
29. 根据空格前. There we learned t start campfires and ck sme f ur meals. This is where fell in lve with ndles.我们学会了生火，煮饭。盯着自己煮的饭和朋友聊聊天这种体验很棒。故选F。
30. 根据空格后I kept a jurnal frm that secnd trip and ften g back t it.得知作者第一次体验感觉很棒，他又开始了第二年的生存旅行。故选E。
1.题材以说明文为主,但应注意考查记叙文、议论文的可能性，复习时也应注意；
2.包含新课标中的全部主题语境，但以人与社会主题为主；
4.标题时有时无；
3.设空以短中、段首为主，段中是考察重点，断尾一般最多设一题；
一、思维导图
1. 七选五文章结构
七选五的语篇结构有以下四种类型：
七选五通常是“总—分(—总)”结构，偶尔是“总—分—分”结构，把握住这个”总—分(—总)”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。
2020新高考Ⅱ卷
Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better… Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
● Stay psitive.
● Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
● ____39____
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic (过敏) t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
● Ask questins.
2.掌握语篇的衔接手段
语篇的衔接手段主要有语法手段(如指代等)和词汇手段(如复现关系、同现关系等)。
(1)语法手段(指代)
凡在选项中或空格前、后句中遇到代词，我们要思考该代词替代上文中的什么内容，意义是否通顺。如：
(2020年全国Ⅱ卷) In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. ____36____. It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
(2) 词汇手段(复现/同现)
① 词语复现：如果空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前后句与选项中没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。
(2020年新高考Ⅱ卷)
● Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
____38____ This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms (症状) and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu’ve felt that way.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn’t wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr’s visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
② 词语同现：就是有相互关联的词语在上下文中有同时出现的可能性。如schl, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fail, pass, learn等词就有可能在同一篇文章中同时出现。如：
(2014全国Ⅰ卷)Yur children need t be deeply curius. ____37____Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add t make these pancakes even better next time?”
A. Encurage kids t ck with yu.
C. We can give kids chances t think abut materials in new ways.
③ 结构复现：就是句子结构重复出现，常有als作为标志词。如：
(2019全国Ⅱ卷)____37____Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values, yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires, etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
3.把握句际的逻辑关系
(1) 总分关系:要求考生根据“总(主题句)”选“分(支撑句或分述句)”,也可能根据“分”选“总”。如：
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)●____37____ D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
(2) 转折关系: (2015全国Ⅰ卷) … lk at everything yu still have and be thankful fr all f the gd in yur life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthy way t wrk thrugh the experience t allw rm fr psitive grwth and frgiveness.
D. Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
G. Seeing the psitive side f things desn’t mean yu’re ignring what happened.
(3) 因果关系:
(2019全国Ⅱ卷) Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk.____39____S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity (清晰) f thughts can help yu mve frward.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
(4) 举例或列举关系:
(2016年Ⅲ卷) Everyne knws that fish is gd fr health. __39__ But it seems that many peple dn’t ck fish at hme.
F. When buying fish, yu shuld first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thught t help prevent heart disease.
4.重视语篇的明显标志
(1) 行文标志:
(2018全国Ⅱ卷)
●Yur prductivity is imprved. Exercising makes yu mre awake…
●Yur metablism (新陈代谢) gets a head start.…
● 39 Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A. Yu will stick t yur diet.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C. Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
(2) 标点符号:
(2015全国Ⅱ卷)During the first week, d nt think abut distance, but run five minutes lnger each day. 38 , it is wise t take a day ff t rest. But during the next week, set a gal f at least a mile and a half per run.
A. After six days
B. Fr a gd marathn runner
2. 七选五文章解题策略
▲试题的位置不同，解题策略也不同
（1）若问题在段首 （i）通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 （ii）与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会有某种的衔接手段。 （iii）段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
（2）若问题在段尾 （i）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 （ii）通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefre, as a result, hence, thus, t sum up, t cnclude, in shrt, in a wrd等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 （iii）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 （vi）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此 根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一 句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。（i）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头 是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
（3）若问题是一整个自然段 （i）承上启下是这个段落的主要任务，且自成一体，所以会有一个该段落主旨。考生可以从选项中较长的选项开始阅读，以此类推直至找到正确答案。 （ii）着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句查找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头， 因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更为重要。 （iii）分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。
简单来说，最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。
二、高考真题
【2020年7月·浙江卷】
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 31 His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 32 I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. ___33___
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 34 I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
35 My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E. Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F. Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G. My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
32.根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
34.根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
2017全国1卷
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insects bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 1
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 2 We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr's bill fr my sn's fd pisning.
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun-filled hliday in the wilderness. 3 Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. My nature-lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
4 We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
5 It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。
36．D【解析】考查上下文的语境理解。根据前文可知，三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营。暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的hwever就起到了很好的转折作用。其次，If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”，和前文时间吻合。故选D。
37.C 【解析】根据后文We sleep in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.中的rugh暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。
38.A【解析】根据前文We sleep in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was n tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。
39.F 【解析】根据后文we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境，故选F。
40.E 【解析】根据后文It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.“我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好的衔接了后文。故选E。
三、模拟演练
1
My mther is a diligent and kind wman. She is very busy frm mrning till night. As a teacher, she wrks hard.1. Bth my brther and I lve her dearly as she lves us.
My mther has been teaching math at a middle schl in my hmetwn. She ges t wrk early in the mrning and des nt return hme until late in the afternn.2. She treats them with patience and teaches them well. Fr her excellent quality and very gd teaching results, she has been elected as a mdel teacher several times.
3. Every day, when she cmes back hme frm wrk, she sets abut ding husewrk, sweeping the living rm and bedrms r cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in gd rder. She seems t be busy all the time. As she has been very busy wrking every day, she lks lder than her age. But she lks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mther never buys expensive dresses fr herself, but she ften buys sme inexpensive but high quality clthes fr us. 4. She just eats a plain meal utside when she is t busy t ck herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, withut any cmplaints.
Often she says t us, “wrk while yu wrk, and play while yu play. That is the way t be happy and gay. If yu d nt wrk, yu will becme lazy and be f n use t sciety”. What a piece f gd advice this is! 5. This advice f hers will always serve as a guide t my behavir. My mther is great indeed, and I always feel prud f her.
A. As a mther, she takes gd care f us and gives us every cmfrt.
B. She enjys listening t classic music.
C. She never ges t expensive restaurants t enjy meals.
D. She lves her students and cares fr them.
E.My mther is hard-wrking and never wastes mney.
F.Can yu tell us smething abut yur mther?
G.I never frget it and always bear it in my mind.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. E 4. C 5. G
【解析】本文为记叙文。本文介绍了妈妈的性格特点，作为老师她工作努力，作为妈妈她能够用心照顾家庭，教育孩子，给孩子树立良好的榜样。
1. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“As a teacher, she wrks hard”可知，作为老师她非常的努力工作，可知接下来应该描述作为妈妈，她的做法。解析选项可知A项（As a mther, she takes gd care f us and gives us every cmfrt.）符合上下文，故选A。
2. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She treats them with patience and teaches them well” 她非常耐心的对待学生们教他们教的非常的好。可知她对待学生的情况，故D项（She lves her students and cares fr them）符合上下文的语境。故选D。
3. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下文“she sets abut ding husewrk, sweeping the living rm and bedrms r cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in gd rder”和“she ften buys sme inexpensive but high quality clthes fr us”可知，她一回来就做很多的事情，非常勤奋，所以此处应该说母亲非常的勤奋，不浪费每一份钱。由此可推断出妈妈工作努力，生活上又节省，E项（My mther is hard-wrking and never wastes mney）正确。故选E。
4. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“She just eats a plain meal utside when she is t busy t ck herself.”可知妈妈她只在外面吃一些非常平常的饭菜，由此可推断出只吃一些很平常的饭菜，不到高档场所去消费。解析选项可知C项（She never ges t expensive restaurants t enjy meals）符合题意，故选C。
5. 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据前一句“What a piece f gd advice this is!”可知我认为妈妈这个建议非常好，所以我永远都会记住，不会忘记的，G项（I never frget it and always bear it in my mind.）符合上下文，故选G。
2
There was nce a lnely girl wh lnged s much fr lve. One day while she was walking in the wds she fund tw starving birds. 6. She cared them with lve and the birds grew strng. Every mrning they greeted her with a wnderful sng. The girl felt the great lve frm the birds.
7. . The larger and the strnger f the tw birds flew frm the cage. The girl was s frightened that he wuld fly away. As he flew clse, she grasped him wildly. Her heart felt glad at her success in capturing him. 8. . She pened her hand and stared in hrrr at the dead bird. Her desperate lve had killed him.
She nticed the ther bird mving back and frth n the edge f the cage. She culd feel his great need fr freedm. He needed t fly int the clear, blue sky. 9. . The bird circled nce, twice, three times.
The girl watched delightedly at the bird’s enjyment. 10. . She wanted the bird t be happy. Suddenly the bird flew clser and landed sftly n her shulder. It sang the sweetest sngs that she had ever heard.
The fastest way t lse lve is t hld n it t tight, while the best way t keep lve is t give it wings!
A. Her heart was n lnger cncerned with her lss.
B. She gave them sme delicius fd and left.
C. One day she left with the tw birds at hme alne.
D. She tk them hme and put them in a small cage.
E.She lifted him frm the cage and threw him sftly int the air.
F.One day the girl left the dr f the cage pen.
G.Suddenly she felt the bird g sftly.
【答案】6. D 7. F 8. G 9. E 10. A
【解析】这是一篇哲理性的故事。一个孤独的小女孩很渴望爱。一天，她遇到两只快要饿死的小鸟，就带回家养着，鸟也反馈给她很多的爱。一天，一只鸟飞出了笼子，小女孩怕鸟飞走，当鸟靠近她时，她太用力把鸟捏死了。同时，她感受到了另一只鸟渴望自由，就把另一只鸟放了。鸟落在她肩膀唱起了最甜美的歌。这个故事告诉我们：握得太紧爱就会失去，保存爱的方式是给它自由。
6. 空格位于段中。空格前一句话意思是：一天她走在森林里时发现了两只快要饿死的鸟。空格后一句话意思是：她用爱来关心它们，小鸟长得很强壮。可推知，小女孩把小鸟带回了家。选项D中的“tk them hme”符合语境，并且选项D中的“a small cage”与下文中的cage呼应。故选D。
7. 空格位于段首。由空格后的The larger and the strnger f the tw birds flew frm the cage.（大点强壮点的鸟从笼子里飞了出去）可知，笼子门被打开了。选项F中的“left the dr f the cage pen”符合情境。故选F。
8. 空格位于段中。空格上句意思为：她成功抓住了鸟她很开心。空格下句意思为：她张开手，惊恐的发现鸟死了。选项G中的she felt the bird g sftly（她感觉到鸟变软）符合语境，故选G。
9. 空格位于段中。空格后句意为：鸟盘旋了一次、两次、三次。由“circle（盘旋）”可知，小女孩把鸟放了出去，因为小笼子里太小鸟无法盘旋。选项E中的threw him sftly int the air符合语境，故选E。
10. 空格位于段中。空格前句意为：小女孩开心的看着鸟的乐趣。空格后一句意思为：她想要鸟高兴。可知本段是一个快乐的基调，选项A中的“n lnger cncerned with her lss（不再关注在失去上）”符合语境。故选A。
3
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 11.
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 12. We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun-filled hliday in the wilderness. 13. Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. My nature-lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
14. We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
15. It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A. This time there was n tent.
B. Things are ging t be imprved.
C. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D. I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E.I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G.There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. F 15. E
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，从以前对野营活动嗤之以鼻，经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式，建议人们找到属于自己的方式。
11. 上文 They had nthing in cmmn with me 说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者. 而下文主要描述的是"我"从最开始进行"rugh travel"到有了"pp-up camper"再到有了 trailer 的过程，在这过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加，对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长，上下文呈转折关系. D项意为"然而在那之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识"，起到转折作用，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为D。
12. 由下文 We sleep in a tent，cked ver an pen fire，and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm 可知，"我"的野营条件非常艰苦. C项意为"他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦"，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为C。
13. 由下文 Instead，we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner 可知，空格处是与下文形成转折的内容，而"我"此次旅行用了展开式营房. A项意为"这一次没有帐篷"，与下文形成转折，符合语境. 故正确答案为A。
14. 由第三段第一句 ging n anther fun-filled hliday 可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意，而由下文 We have dne a lt f it since 可知，"我们"都爱上了野营. F项意为"从这里旅行后，我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境. 故正确答案为F。
15. 由下文 sner r later，everyne finds his r her way back t nature 可知，"我"希望每个人都能找到回归自然，也就是野营的个性化选择. 形成这一观点的前提是"我"自己已经爱上了野营. E项意为"我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了"，引出下文，符合语境. 故正确答案为E。
4
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 16. His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 17. I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children’s bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. 18.
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 19. I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait(特点) thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
20. My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They’re all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E.Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F.Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G.My lder brther culdn’t be bthered t play with me.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
16. 设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My elder brther”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。
17. 根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
18. 根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。
19. 根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
20. 根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
5
It was a little befre nine 'clck n Tuesday night. 21. “D yu need a secnd helping f pudding?"a waitress asked. Antni, wh had already finished a plate f pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice f cake, culdn't answer it right away. The questin might be cmmn fr mst diners, but fr him, it was entirely nvel because he was hmeless and was having the meal fr free. 22. .He had n preparatin fr it.
23. But at night, it transfrms itself int a pineering place where hmeless peple such as Antni can dine free f charge, at tables set with flwers, metal cutlery（餐具）and prper glasses.
The restaurant is the latest initiative（初步行动）frm the charity Mensajers de la Paz.It was funded 54 years ag by Father Angel Garcia Rdriguez. Its business mdel – using breakfast and lunch takings frm paying custmers t fund free evening meals fr the hmeless - is simple enugh. 24. “The inspiratin came frm Ppe Francis, wh's spken again and again abut the imprtance f giving peple dignity, whether it's thrugh bread r thrugh wrk," said Father Angel. “ 25. Peple with nthing can cme and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyne else. It's just cmmn sense."
A. By day, the Rbin Hd restaurant, which sits n a side street near the center f Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar.
B. S we thught, why nt pen a restaurant with tableclths, prper cutlery and waiters?
C. They plan t extend the scheme and hpes it will attract famus chefs t cme t ck.
D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a questin.
E.The hmeless are treated with respect at the restaurant.
F.Antni fund himself facing a welcme dilemma.
G.Its aim, hwever, is a little ambitius.
【答案】21. F 22. D 23. A 24. G 25. B
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章记叙了安东尼奥在一家利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐的慈善餐厅用餐的故事。
21. 结合后文Antni, wh had already finished a plate f pasta,a Fish Stew and a slice f cake, culdn't answer it right away. The questin might be cmmn fr mst diners, but fr him, it was entirely nvel because he was hmeless and was having the meal fr free. 安东尼奥已经吃完一盘意大利面、一份炖鱼和一块蛋糕，他不能马上回答。这个问题对大多数用餐者来说可能很常见，但对他来说，这完全是个新奇的问题，因为他无家可归，而且是免费用餐。安东尼奥正在面临着已经吃饱了，可是如果走了又无家可归的两难境地。F. Antni fund himself facing a welcme dilemma. 安东尼奥发现自己面临一个受欢迎的两难境地。符合此处语境。故选F项。
22. 结合前文“D yu need a secnd helping f pudding?" a waitress asked. “你需要再来一份布丁吗？”一位女服务员问道。及后文He had n preparatin fr it. 他没有准备。D. It was the first time that he had been asked such a questin. 这是第一次有人问他这样的问题。与前文问题相照应，也与后文“没有准备好回答”相对应。故选D项。
23. 结合后文But at night, it transfrms itself int a pineering place where hmeless peple such as Antni can dine free f charge, at tables set with flwers, metal cutlery（餐具）and prper glasses. 但到了晚上，它就变成了一个开拓性的地方，像安东尼奥这样的无家可归者可以在摆满鲜花、金属餐具和玻璃杯的桌子上免费用餐。结合连词but可知，此处应该为描述与后文晚上相反的白天的酒店状态。A. By day, the Rbin Hd restaurant, which sits n a side street near the center f Madrid,is a typical Spanish bar. 白天，罗宾汉餐厅坐落在马德里市中心附近的一条小街上，是一家典型的西班牙酒吧。与后文形成转折。故选A项。
24. 结合前文Its business mdel – using breakfast and lunch takings frm paying custmers t fund free evening meals fr the hmeless - is simple enugh. 它的商业模式非常简单，利用付费客户的早餐和午餐收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐。G. Its aim, hwever, is a little ambitius.它的目标有些雄心勃勃。早餐和午餐收入是远不及晚餐的，因此用早餐和午餐的收入为无家可归者提供免费晚餐有些雄心勃勃。故选G项。
25. 结合后文Peple with nthing can cme and eat in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyne else. 没有任何东西的人可以来餐馆吃饭，得到和其他人一样的待遇。B. S we thught, why nt pen a restaurant with tableclths, prper cutlery and waiters? 所以我们想，为什么不开一家有桌布、餐具和服务员的餐厅呢？此处的开餐馆与后文的来餐馆吃饭相对应。故选B项。
6
Abut 43 years ag, sptted an advertisement in the paper fr the YMCA wilderness prgram. 26. My first experience was a bat trip. I still have the images f sunrises and sunsets with all the beautiful clurs n Lake f the Wds.
27. Even nw I can feel the cld water dripping dwn my arm as we sat in the bat pulling the paddles awkwardly thrugh running water. It was my first experience in a bat and my arms became tired after many hurs f paddling.
We stpped fr lunch in the bat by gathering all the bats tgether. 28.
At night it was time t camp at ur site picked ut by ur guide. There we learned t start campfires and ck sme f ur meals. This is where fell in lve with ndles. 29. We cleaned up ur mess and put up ur tents and slept n the grund. We learned t carry the heavy packs t ur next destinatin. I develped a sense f accmplishment and had arm muscles after that trip.
There were n phnes, makeup, hair dryers... just us and the bush. We came frm different backgrunds with different persnalities and we all had t wrk tgether as a grup.
30. . I kept a jurnal frm that secnd trip and ften g back t it.
A. They drpped us ff in the bush.
B. I had t experience mre f the wilderness.
C. I was 15 and wanted t d smething different.
D. Our guide handed ut chclate, cheese, and dried meat.
E.I liked the bat trip s much that I jined the survival trip the next year.
F.It was wnderful sharing simple meals ver the fire and talking with new friends.
G.As a teenager, didn’t knw that I was having the best adventure a teenager culd have.
【答案】26. C 27. G 28. D 29. F 30. E
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了大约43年前，作者在报纸上看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外活动广告后参加的划船活动。
26. 根据空格前Abut 43 years ag, sptted an advertisement in the paper fr the YMCA wilderness prgram. 作者在43年前看到一则关于基督教青年会的野外生存广告。以及My first experience was a bat trip.我的第一次经历是海上旅行。可以推断出，作者当时15岁，想要做一些不同的事情。故选C。
27. 根据空格后Even nw I can feel the cld water dripping dwn my arm as we sat in the bat pulling the paddles awkwardly thrugh running water.现在当时的感受还历历在目，但是作者当时是个青少年，不知道自己当时正在体验对青少年来说最好的奇遇。故选G。
28. 根据空格前We stpped fr lunch in the bat by gathering all the bats tgether.我们所有小船停下来，聚在一起吃午饭，接下来导游要分发食物。导游发给大家巧克力，奶酪和肉。故选D。
29. 根据空格前. There we learned t start campfires and ck sme f ur meals. This is where fell in lve with ndles.我们学会了生火，煮饭。盯着自己煮的饭和朋友聊聊天这种体验很棒。故选F。
30. 根据空格后I kept a jurnal frm that secnd trip and ften g back t it.得知作者第一次体验感觉很棒，他又开始了第二年的生存旅行。故选E。
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