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高三英语下学期学业水平合格性考试模拟卷及参考答案08
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这是一份高三英语下学期学业水平合格性考试模拟卷及参考答案08，共16页。
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A篇
The Bureau f Labr Statistics recmmends sme high-paying jbs.
Cnstructin and Building Inspectr
Cnstructin and building inspectrs inspect cnstructin sites and buildings t make sure that the structures meet all requirements. Many cnstructin and building inspectrs have a certificate frm a lcal r cmmunity cllege, althugh thers have a tw-year assciate's degree instead.
Salary: abut $ 70,710 per year
Web Develper
Web develpers design and develp websites. They create the lk f the site and handle the website's perfrmance, speed, and capacity. Web develpers might wrk fr cmputer system design cmpanies, r fr marketing firms r departments, r be self-emplyed. While sme web develpers have an assciate's degree in web design, thers have a certificate in web develpment instead.
Salary: abut $ 63,760 per year
Architectural and Civil Drafter
An architectural and civil drafter creates drawings f the structural features f buildings r creates maps f civil engineering prjects. Mst drafters have training in cmputer-aided design and drafting (CADD), engineering, mechanical drawing, and ther design and engineering skills. This training can be frm a certificate prgram, a tw-year prgram, r even a fur-year prgram.
Salary: abut $ 56,830 per year
Sheet Metal Wrker
A sheet metal wrker cnstructs and/r installs prducts made f thin sheet metal. This wrk might invlve measuring and marking dimensins n sheets, drilling hles in sheets, carrying large sheets, and s n. Sheet metal wrkers learn their wrk thrugh a certificate prgram frm a technical schl.
Salary: abut $ 50,400 per year
1. Which jb prvides the highest incme accrding t the text?
A. Cnstructin and Building Inspectr. B. Web Develper.
C. Architectural and Civil Drafter. D. Sheet Metal Wrker.
2. What is special abut web develpers?
A. They inspect websites
B. They are gd at marketing.
C. They can be self-emplyed.
D. They need CADD training.
3. What cmmn requirement d the jbs have?
A. Engineering skills. B. Cmputer knwledge.
C. A certificate r a degree. D. Technical schl experience.
B篇
True, peple remember what yu wear. After a scial event, we all remember the wman in red, r the man with the tp hat. On the red carpet, Hllywd hpefuls take advantage f this reality by wearing utfits designed t be discussed and displayed n the frnt pages f newspapers. But in terms f making a gd impressin, being memrable is nt just abut nvelty r fashin, but attractin, bth physical and emtinal, ften in ppsite rder f imprtance.
In a 2020 study, Andre Ndb fund peple tended t remember the extremes: bth attractive and unattractive faces. He acknwledged that ne suggested explanatin was that bth are characterized by distinctive features that prmte facial recgnitin when cmpared with faces f average attractiveness. But while distinctiveness is memrable, beauty is skin deep. Accrdingly, the way yu are remembered by thers is ften nt abut what yu wear and hw yu lk but abut the way yu make peple feel.
Prfessinal interactin can create psitive persnal memries. Adrie A. Kehler, in a piece entitled “In the Eye f the Behlder” (2017), fund that when asked t recall their best learning experience, many students discussed a memrable teacher. What made the teachers memrable? Accrding t the students, memrable qualities included nt nly teaching styles, but als interpersnal skills and psitive qualities such as a sense f humr.
We can relate t the results f this study when recalling peple wh are memrable in ur wn lives. They are nt always peple wh we believed t be the smartest r mst believed, but ften thse wh made us feel the mst cmfrtable, and wh were mst interested in us. Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Nt nly will yu remember what smene said, but they will als remember yu, fndly.
Regardless f what we wear r hw we lk, we are always naturally mre appealing and apprachable when we fcus n thers and when we are genuine rather than simply sciable. Remember that, and thers will remember yu.
4. The Hllywd hpefuls are mentined t shw ________.
A. the cmpetitin n the red carpet
B. peple’s attempt t be remembered
C. peple’s wrng belief abut impressin
D. the imprtance f clthing in ne’s success
5. Why is an unattractive face remembered accrding t Andre Ndb?
A. It creates psitive memries.
B. There’s smething special with it.
C. It makes peple feel uncmfrtable.
D. Peple ften try hard t avid seeing it.
6. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Smart peple are especially attractive.
B. Teaching styles impress students mst.
C. The best learning experience is hard t gain.
D. Sincere attentin is useful in cmmunicatin.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Yu Are What Yu Wear
B. Mind the Impressin Yu Make
C. Hw Can We Imprve Our Self-image?
D. What d Peple Remember abut Yu?
C篇
The ver 48,000 range trees that are distributed at all crners f Seville, Spain, nt nly fill the city's air with the pleasant smell f their flwers in spring, they als prduce ver 16, 500 tns f fruit every winter. Thugh that makes the city Eurpe's tp range-prducing city, the fruit is t sur t be cnsumed fresh. While sme f the prduce is used t make range juice, mst f it ends up in Seville's landfills. Hwever, that may change sn thanks t a creative idea t use the ranges t prduce clean energy.
In the pilt prgram, juice frm 38. 6 tns f ranges will be left t ferment (发酵)in an existing bigas facility. The juice is fructse (果糖)made up f very shrt carbn chains, and the energetic perfrmance f these carbn chains during the fermentatin prcess is particularly high. The gas released frm the fermented liquid will be used t drive a generatr t prduce clean pwer. The fficials estimate the test run will generate abut 1,500 kWh f energy—enugh t run a water purificatin plant. "It's nt just abut saving mney. The ranges are a prblem fr the city, and we're prducing added value frm waste,M said Benign Lpez, the head f Emasesa's envirnmental department.
If successful, by 2023, the city hpes t recycle all the ranges and add the electricity generated back t its grid (电网). In trial runs, 1,000 kils (2,200 punds) f ranges prduced 50 kWh f clean energy一enugh t meet the daily electricity needs f five hmes. The prject team estimates that if all the fruit is recycled, it will prduce enugh energy t pwer as many as 73,000 residences.
The latest effrt is amng the many prgrams implemented in Spain t achieve the cuntry's gal f switching its electricity system t renewable surces by 2050—and if everything ges accrding t plan, fully decarbnizing its ecnmy shrtly after that.
8. What prblem des Seville face?
A. It is shrt f energy. B. Mst ranges are wasted.
C. Fruit prductin is falling. D. Trees take up much space.
9. What's the final prduct f the fermentatin prcess?
A. Fructse. B. Carbn chains. C. Clean pwer. D. Gas.
10. What des the underlined wrd "implemented" in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Cnducted. B. Assumed. C. Ppularized. D. Cmpleted.
11. What is the authr's main purpse in writing the text?
A. T prve a thery. B. T raise a prblem.
C. T intrduce a prject.D. T cmment n an idea.
D篇
In a new study, shark researchers wrking ff the eastern cast f New Zealand have fund that three species f deep-sea shark are biluminescent （生物性发光的），prducing a sft blue-green light with specialized cells in their skin.
One f the species, the kitefin shark, grws t a length f nearly six feet, making it the largest knwn biluminescent animal. The ther tw species are smewhat smaller than the kitefin, and all are ccasinally caught as unintended by-catch by fishers. Nne are cnsidered in danger f extinctin, but little is knwn abut their lifestyles and bilgy.
Biluminescence had previusly been dcumented in nly arund a dzen shark species, s this discvery significantly adds t ur knwledge,,, says Jerme Mallefet, lead authr f the new study.
In the deep sea, where scientists estimate three-quarters f all creatures are biluminescent, having the ability t create light can be extremely advantageus. In the depths f the cean, which receives minimal amunts f sunlight, biluminescent animals can hide themselves frm enemies by prducing enugh light t match their surrundings. All three species examined in this study have large cncentratins f phtcytes （发光细 胞）n their undersides, which suggests that these sharks may hide frm enemies in just this way.
"The discvery that these three species prduce light is nt surprising", says David Ebert, directr f the Pacific Shark Research Center. That's because researchers think many mre species f sharks are likely capable f prducing light--Mallefet estimates that perhaps 10 percent f the 540 knwn species f sharks are biluminescent. But Ebert thinks even this is far frm the truth. "As the deep-sea shark research advances, that number will g even higher," he says.
Bth Ebert and Mallefet hpe that mre attentin will be paid t deep-sea sharks in the future, as the creatures and their habitat are understudied and under threat. "A lt f peple knw that sharks can bite," says Mallefet, "but few peple knw that they can prduce light in the dark. ”
12. What d we knw abut the biluminescent shark species?
A. They were quite difficult t catch
B. They preferred t live in the dark.
C. They were cnsidered t be endangered.
D. They were little knwn abut befre the study.
13. What des the furth paragraph fcus n?
A. The functin f biluminescence.
B. The significance f the discvery.
C. The terrible surrundings in the sea.
D. The usual activities f sea creatures.
14. What des Ebert think f Mallefet's guess at the number f biluminescent sharks?
A. Agreeable. B. Scientific. C. Inaccurate. D. Inspiratinal.
15. What is Ebert and Mallefet's cmmn wish?
A. Mre peple will study sharks.
B. Deep-sea sharks will grw in number.
C. Deep-sea sharks will receive mre attentin.
D. Mre biluminescent animals will be fund.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While yu may be aviding yur gym during the pandemic （疫情）due t health cncerns, that desn't mean yu can't break a sweat while staying hme. __16__ Here are a few tips t help yu master at-hme wrkuts and stay healthy.
Establish a rutine
__17__ Hwever, it's easy t get distracted when wrking ut at hme. Schedule a blck f time fr yur daily wrkut, and find a space in yur hme fr exercise. Try t avid distractins during yur wrkut as best yu can. __18__ Stick with yur wrkut schedule several days per week t establish a cnsistent rutine.
Wrk n new skills
If yu're used t wrking ut in a gym and using their wide variety f equipment, it can be annying t have limited resurces at hme. __19__ Fr example, if yu typically lift weights in the gym, fcus n balance exercises and flexibility at hme.
Take virtual classes
If yu typically attend fitness classes r are lking fr structured wrkuts t fllw at hme, keep in mind that many lcal gyms and studis are ffering virtual classes. This is a great pprtunity t supprt lcal business wners. __20__
A. This is especially true when yu have n ther chice.
B. Fllwing a wrkut vide r app can help keep yu fcused.
C. Ask yur previus instructrs t see if they ffer virtual ptins.
D. Yu'd better frget abut the equipment and atmsphere in the gym.
E. Ging t a gym r a fitness class naturally creates a structured rutine.
F. But it's als a gd chance t wrk n new skills and mdes f exercise.
G. If yu're new t wrking ut at hme, it's challenging t find the mtivatin.
第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 (共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years ld. I went frm a kid wh gt everything he asked fr t ne __21__ having nwhere t stay. This change was as__22__ fr my parents as it was fr me. But I wasn’t used t hearing “n” s I __23__ asking.
When asked what I wanted fr my birthday, I said I wanted a vide gaming system. I didn’t knw it was __24__ . All I knew was that my friends __25__ them and that I wanted ne t.
On my birthday, I __26__ started pening my present, believing I wuld get what I __27__ . But I didn’t. My mm culd tell my__28__ and she started crying. I gave her a __29___ that was bigger than ever. Her tears __30__ me that she was wrking s hard and that she culdn’t _31_ t give me anything I didn’t need.
Frm then n I learned t _32_ the things I had. When I wanted a new iPd, I had t wrk t buy it. I gt a _33_ jb and after wrking fr a mnth every day after schl,
I saved up enugh _54_ t buy it. The feeling f having __55__ smething is ne f the best feelings in the wrld.
21. A. still B. hardly C. evenD. merely
22. A. minr B. dramatic C. effective D. exciting
23. A. stpped B. admitted C. frgt D. kept
24. A. expensive B. cmplicated C. unnecessary D. advanced
25. A. liked B. wned C. wn D. chse
26. A. cheerfully B. curiusly C. impatiently D. vilently
27. A. wrked n B. agreed n C. lnged fr D. struggled fr
28. A. hesitatin B. inncence C. determinatin D. disappintment
29. A. surprise B. hug C. task D. gift
30. A. reminded B. prmised C. persuaded D. warned
31. A. expect B. fight C. affrd D. remember
32. A. select B. abandn C. cmpare D. appreciate
33. A. dead-end B. part-time C. demanding D. regular
34. A. energy B. time C. wages D. fees
35. A. earned B. created C. beaten D. caught
第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列选项，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括弧内单词的正确形式，并讲答案转写到答题卡上。
Impacts frm climate change are happening nw. These impacts extend well beynd the rise in temperature, __36__(affect) ecsystems and cmmunities in the United States and arund the wrld.
Changes t water resurces can have a big impact __37__ peple's lives. In sme regins, __38__(particular) in the western United States, drught is __39__ serius prblem facing cmmunities. Less snw cver in the muntains is imprtant in the West and Alaska, __40__ will greatly reduce the chances f disasters caused by t much snw. The __41__ (frequent) f heavy dwnpurs in the Midwest and nrtheastern states __42__ (increase) in the past decades. In many regins, flds and water quality prblems are likely t be wrse because f climate change.
Our fd supply depends n climate__43__ weather cnditins. Agricultural practices may be adaptable, but changes like increased temperatures, water stress, diseases, and weather extremes create challenges fr the farmers wh put fd n ur tables.
Human health is als affected by climate change. The changing envirnment __44__ (expect) t cause mre heat stress, an increase in waterbrne diseases, pr air quality, and diseases spread by insects and rdents (啮齿动物). Extreme weather events can wrsen many f these health __45__ (threat).
第三部分：书面表达（共1小题，满分25分）
假定你是李华，正在学习生涯规划(career planning)的相关知识。请给外教Luis写封 邮件向他了解情况，内容包括：
1.你对生涯规划的认识；
2.请他介绍他们国家的中学生的生涯规划情况；
3.请他提供生涯规划方面的建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Luis,
Hw are yu?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Yurs,
Li Hua
湖北省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷（八）答案
A答案1. A；2. C；3. C；
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四份收入比较高的工作。
【1题】 A 细节理解题。根据每一节中Salary部分的内容可知，第一份工作的收入“每年70710美元”，第二份工作“每年63760美元”，第三份工作“每年56830美元”，第四份工作“每年50400美元”，对比可知，第一份工作的年收入最高。故选A项。
【2题】 C 细节理解题。根据 Web Develper 的介绍中“Web develpers might wrk fr cmputer system design cmpanies, r fr marketing firms r departments, r be self-emplyed.(网络开发人员可能为计算机系统设计公司工作，或为营销公司或部门工作，或自主创业。)”可知，网络开发人员的特色是可以自主创业。故选C项。
【3题】C 推理判断题。根据Cnstructin and Building Inspectr部分的“Many cnstructin and building inspectrs have a certificate frm a lcal r cmmunity cllege, althugh thers have a tw-year assciate's degree instead.(许多建筑检查员都有当地或社区大学颁发的证书，但也有一些人持有两年制的大专学位。)”、 Web Develper部分的“While sme web develpers have an assciate's degree in web design, thers have a certificate in web develpment instead.(虽然有些网页开发者拥有网页设计的大专学位，但也有些人拥有网页开发的证书。)”、Architectural and Civil Drafter部分的“This training can be frm a certificate prgram(这种培训可以来自一个证书项目)”及Sheet Metal Wrker部分的 “Sheet metal wrkers learn their wrk thrugh a certificate prgram frm a technical schl.(钣金工人通过技术学校的证书课程学习他们的工作。)”可知，每一份工作都提到了“degree”或“certificate”的要求，即它们的共同点是都要求证书或者学位。故选C项。
B【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们对其他人哪方面的表现更容易留下深刻印象。
【4题】B 推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“On the red carpet, Hllywd hpefuls take advantage f this reality by wearing utfits designed t be discussed and displayed n the frnt pages f newspapers.”（在红毯上，有前途的好莱坞明星们利用了这一现实，他们穿的服装是为被讨论和出现在报纸头版而设计的。）可知，有希望的好莱坞明星们穿的服装是为了吸引注意力和话题，被人们记住，再根据第一段第四句“But in terms f making a gd impressin, being memrable is nt just abut nvelty r fashin, but attractin, bth physical and emtinal, ften in ppsite rder f imprtance.”（但就给人留下好印象而言，令人难忘不只是关于新奇或时尚，而是身体和情感上的吸引力，通常是重要性相反的顺序。）可知，提到有前途的好莱坞明星是为了展示人们想要被记住的努力。故选B。
5题】B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“bth are characterized by distinctive features that prmte facial recgnitin when cmpared with faces f average attractiveness. ”（与具有平均吸引力的脸相比，两者都有显著的特征，有助于提高面部识别能力。）可知，一张没有吸引力的脸会被记住，因为它有一些特别之处。故选B。
【6题】D推理判断题。根据倒第二段最后两句“Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Nt nly will yu remember what smene said, but they will als remember yu, fndly.”（真诚的兴趣具有独特的吸引力。不仅你会记住别人说的话，他们也会亲切地记住你。）可知，真诚的关注在沟通中是有用的。故选D。
【7题】D标题判断题。根据第一段第四句“But in terms f making a gd impressin, being memrable is nt just abut nvelty r fashin, but attractin, bth physical and emtinal, ften in ppsite rder f imprtance.”（但就给人留下好印象而言，令人难忘不只是关于新奇或时尚，而是身体和情感上的吸引力，通常是重要性相反的顺序。）可知，文章主要是讨论什么能给别人留下好印象，所以选项D（人们记住了你的什么?）是最好的标题。故选D。
C【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】【详解】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西班牙城市塞维利亚利用产量过剩的橘子来发电，并期待利用这一手段推动低碳环保进程。
【8题】B推理判断题。根据第一段中“mst f it ends up in Seville's landfills（大多数的橘子都被扔进了垃圾填满厂）”和第二段中“The ranges are a prblem fr the city, and we're prducing added value frm waste.（橘子对于这个城市来说是个问题，正在变废为宝）”可知，大多数的橘子都被扔进了垃圾填满厂，由此可知很多橘子都被浪费了，故选B。
【9题】D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The gas released frm the fermented liquid will be used t drive a generatr t prduce clean pwer.(液体发酵产生的气体可以被用来驱动生发电机生产干净的能源)”可知，发酵的最终产物是气体，该气体可以用来驱动发电机。故选D。
【10题】. A 词义猜测题。分析本句“The latest effrt is amng the many prgrams implemented in Spain t achieve the cuntry's gal f switching its electricity system t renewable surces by 2050”（最新的努力是西班牙implemented许多项目中的一个，目的是实现该国到2050年将电力系统转换为可再生能源的目标）可知，为了实现2050年把电力转化为可再生能源的目标需要实施一个项目。划线词为prgrams的后置定语，由此推知划线词的意思是“实施的”，与cnducted同义。故选A。
【11题】. C 推理判断题。根据的主要内容，尤其第一段最后一句“Hwever, that may change sn thanks t a creative idea t use the ranges t prduce clean energy”（然而，由于一个富有创造性的想法——用这些橘子来生产干净的能源——这种情况很快就会改变）可知，本文主要介绍了西班牙城市塞维利亚利用产量过剩的橘子来发电，并期待利用这一手段推动低碳环保进程。因此，作者写本文的目的是介绍一个变废为宝、生产清洁能源的项目，故选C。
D【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员在新西兰的东海岸发现了新品种的可发光的鲨鱼，并希望这种深海鲨鱼将得到更多的关注。
【12题】D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Nne are cnsidered in danger f extinctin, but little is knwn abut their lifestyles and bilgy.”（没有一只被认为有灭绝的危险，但人们对它们的生活方式和生物学知识知之甚少。）可知，人们对这新品种的鲨鱼知之甚少。故选D项。
13题】A主旨大意题。根据第四段前两句“In the deep sea, where scientists estimate three-quarters f all creatures are biluminescent, having the ability t create light can be extremely advantageus. In the depths f the cean, which receives minimal amunts f sunlight, biluminescent animals can hide themselves frm enemies by prducing enugh light t match their surrundings.”（在深海中，科学家估计有四分之三的生物会发光，能够发光是非常有利的。在接受少量阳光的海洋深处，会发光的生物可以通过发出足够的光来躲避敌人。）可知，这一段主要说了海洋动物发光对它们生存的作用。故选A项。
【14题】C 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“But Ebert thinks even this is far frm the truth. "As the deep-sea shark research advances, that number will g even higher," he says.”（但Ebert认为，即便是这样也远远不是事实。“随着深海鲨鱼研究的进展，这个数字会更高，”他说。）可知，Ebert认为Mallefet关于生物荧光鲨鱼数量的猜测不太准确。故选C项。
【15题】C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Bth Ebert and Mallefet hpe that mre attentin will be paid t deep-sea sharks in the future, as the creatures and their habitat are understudied and under threat.”（Ebert和Mallefet都希望未来能更多地关注深海鲨鱼，因为这种生物和它们的栖息地还没有得到充分的研究，而且受到威胁。）可知，Ebert和Mallefet都希望深海鲨鱼将得到更多的关注。故选C项。
7选5阅读【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要针对如何在家锻炼保持健康提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】G根据后文“Here are a few tips t help yu master at-hme wrkuts and stay healthy.”（这里有一些建议可以帮助你掌握在家锻炼并保持健康。）可知，此处是讲如何在家锻炼并保持健康，所以选项G（如果你刚开始在家锻炼，很难找到动力。）切合文意。故选G。
【17题详解】E根据小标题“Establish a rutine”（建立一个惯例）可知，此处是讲建立一个惯例的方法，所以选项E（去健身房或健身班自然会形成一个有组织的日常活动。）切合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】B根据前文“Try t avid distractins during yur wrkut as best yu can.”（在你锻炼的时候尽量避免分心。）可知，此处是讲如何保持专注，所以选项B（观看健身视频或应用可以帮助你集中注意力。）切合文意。故选B。
【19题详解】F根据小标题“Wrk n new skills”（学习新技能）可知，此处是讲关于学习新技能，所以选项F（但这也是学习新技能和锻炼方式的好机会。）切合文意。故选F。
【20题详解】C 根据小标题“Take virtual classes”（采取虚拟课堂）可知，此处是讲关于虚拟课堂，所以选项C（问问你以前的导师，看他们是否提供虚拟选项。）切合文意。故选C。
完形填空【题号+20】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B
26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的父母破产以后，作者的生活发生的变化。
【21题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从一个想要什么就能得到什么的孩子变成了甚至连住的地方都没有的孩子。A. still还；B. hardly几乎没有；C. even甚至；D. merely仅仅。第一句“My parents went bankrupt when I was seven years ld.”提到作者父母破产，因此，作者从想要什么就能得到什么，变成甚至（even）连住的地方都没有。故选C项。
【22题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个变化对我和我父母来说都是巨大的。A. minr小的；B. dramatic突然的，巨大的；C. effective有效的；D. exciting兴奋的。根据上文“My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years ld.”可知，破产这个家庭变故，对作者和其父母都是很”巨大的，突然的（dramatic）”事。故选B项。
【23题详解】D考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我不习惯听到“不”，所以我一直问。A. stpped停止；B. admitted承认；C. frgt忘了；D. kept一直，不停地。根据上文“This change was as 2 fr my parents as it was fr me.”可知，破产对坐在这和其父母来说都是突然的、巨大的，作者习惯了想要什么就能得到什么，不习惯被拒绝，因此会”不停，一直（kept）”要东西。故选D项。
【24题详解】A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它很贵。A. expensive贵的；B. cmplicated复杂的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文“My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years ld.”可知，作者父母破产的时候，仅仅七岁，因此，他还不懂有的东西很贵（expensive）。故选A项。
【25题详解】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所知道是，我的朋友都拥有它们，我也想要一个。A. liked喜欢；B. wned拥有；C. wn赢了；D. chse选择。根据语境及该空前“All I knew was that my friends ”以及该空后” I wanted ne t”可知，“别人拥有（wned），我也要有”，这符合孩子的心理特点。故选B项。
【26题详解】A考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我开始兴奋地打开我的礼物，相信我会得到我所渴望的。A. cheerfully兴奋地，高兴地；B. curiusly好奇地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. vilently暴力。根据“On my birthday”可知，这天是作者的生日，拆礼物应该是”高兴地（cheerfully）”。故选A项。
【27题详解】C考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我开始兴奋地打开我的礼物，相信我会得到我所渴望的。A. wrked n继续工作；B. agreed n 同意；C. lnged fr渴望；D. struggled fr挣扎。根据上下文语境及该空前“On my birthday, I 6 started pening my present, believing...”可知，作者在生日的时候高兴地拆礼物，原本相信打开的是自己一直渴望（lnged fr）的礼物。故选C项。
【28题详解】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈能看出我的失望，她开始哭了。A. hesitatin犹豫；B. inncence无辜；C. determinatin决心；D. disappintment失望。根据上文“believing I wuld get what I 7 . But I didn’t.”可知，作者没有得到渴望的礼物，妈妈能够看出他的失望（disappintment）。故选D项。
【29题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给了她一个比以前更大的拥抱。A. surprise惊喜；B. hug拥抱；C. task任务；D. gift礼物。根据下文“Frm then n I learned t 12 the things I had.”可知，作者从这件事以后，学会了欣赏拥有的东西。由此可知，他理解了妈妈赚钱的不容易，懂得了每一个东西都来之不易。因此，此处指作者给了妈妈一个拥抱（hug）。故选B项。
【30题详解】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的眼泪提醒我她工作如此努力，无法给我买得起一些非必要的东西。A. reminded提醒；B. prmised承诺；C. persuaded说服；D. warned警告。根据语境及该空后“she was wrking s hard and that she culdn’t 11 t give me anything ”可知，妈妈的眼泪提醒（reminded）了作者，妈妈的的努力工作，无法给作者买得起一些非必要的东西。故选A项。
【31题详解】C考查动词词义辨析。她的眼泪提醒我她工作如此努力，无法给我买得起一些非必要的东西。A. expect希望；B. fight战斗；C. affrd买得起，支付；D. remember记住。根据上文语境及“give me anything I didn’t need”可知， 妈妈在经济上无法”支付，买得起（affrd）”作者非生活必要的东西。故选C项。
【32题详解】 D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我学会了欣赏我所拥有的东西。A. select选择；B. abandn放弃；C. cmpare比较；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文作者过生日想要礼物却没有得到，以及下文“When I wanted a new iPd, I had t wrk t buy it.”可知，这件事让作者明白了每个东西都是来之不易，需要好好工作赚钱才能买，学会了欣赏（appreciate）自己所拥有的东西。故选D项。
【33题详解】B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一份兼职工作，每天放学后工作，干了一个月。A. dead-end终端的；B. part-time兼职的；C. demanding苛求的；D. regular定期的，规律的。根据该空后“…after wrking fr a mnth every day after schl”可知，作者还在上学，因此,找的工作是兼职的（part-time）。故选B项。
【34题详解】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：我存了足够的工资买它。A. energy能源；B. time时间；C. wages工资；D. fees费用。根据上文“ I gt a 13 jb and after wrking fr a mnth every day after schl”可知，作者通过兼职工作赚钱，那积攒的应该是工资（wages）。故选C项。
【35题详解】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：挣得东西的感觉是世界上最好的感觉之一。A. earned挣得，赚得；B. created创建；C. beaten殴打；D. caught抓住。根据上文“I saved up enugh 14 t buy it.”可知， 作者通过自己工作攒钱买到了自己想要的东西，因此应为挣得（earned）。故选A项。
语法填词【答案】36. affecting 37. n/upn
38. particularly 39. a 40. which 41. frequency
42. has increased 43. and 44. is expected 45. threats
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了气候变化对全球多个方面造成的影响。
【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些影响远不止温度上升，还影响到美国和世界各地的生态系统和社区。分析句子结构可知affect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语these impacts构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填affecting。
【37题详解】考查介词。句意：水资源的变化会对人们的生活产生很大的影响。结合句意表示“对……有很大影响”可知短语为have a big impact n/upn。故填n/upn。
【38题详解】考查副词。句意：在一些地区，特别是在美国西部，干旱是社区面临的一个严重问题。修饰后文介词短语in the western United States，应用副词particularly，作状语。故填particularly。
【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：在一些地区，特别是在美国西部，干旱是社区面临的一个严重问题。prblem为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且serius是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在西部和阿拉斯加，山区积雪较少是很重要的，这将大大减少因积雪过多而造成灾害的机会。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【41题详解】考查名词。句意：在过去几十年里，中西部和东北部各州的暴雨频率有所增加。空处作主语，表示“频率”应填名词frequency，表抽象概念不可数。故填frequency。
【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去几十年里，中西部和东北部各州的暴雨频率有所增加。根据后文“in the past decades”可知用现在完成时，主语为The frequency f heavy dwnpurs，助动词用has。故填has increased。
【43题详解】考查连词。句意：我们的食物供应取决于气候和天气状况。此处climate 与weather cnditins为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【44题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：不断变化的环境预计会导致更多的热应激、水传播疾病的增加、空气质量差以及由昆虫和啮齿动物传播的疾病。结合句意表示“预计……”可知短语为be expected t d sth.，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The changing envirnment，谓语动词用单数。故填is expected。
【45题详解】考查名词的数。句意：极端天气事件会使这些健康威胁恶化。threat为可数名词，由these修饰应用复数形式。故填threats。
第三部分 写作→【范文背诵】→
Dear Luis ,
Hw are yu"! Nwadays, career planning has becme mre frequently mentined than ever befre. As far as I'm cncerned, ur future career needs t be carefully planned, and there's relevant knwledge t be learned and skills t be practiced. Our schl has started a career planning curse and there are prfessinal teachers wh are guiding us t explre.
I'm curius what kind f prject high schls prvide and what students think f career planning in yur cuntry. Besides, I'd be s grateful if yu culd ffer me sme advice n career planning. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A篇
The Bureau f Labr Statistics recmmends sme high-paying jbs.
Cnstructin and Building Inspectr
Cnstructin and building inspectrs inspect cnstructin sites and buildings t make sure that the structures meet all requirements. Many cnstructin and building inspectrs have a certificate frm a lcal r cmmunity cllege, althugh thers have a tw-year assciate's degree instead.
Salary: abut $ 70,710 per year
Web Develper
Web develpers design and develp websites. They create the lk f the site and handle the website's perfrmance, speed, and capacity. Web develpers might wrk fr cmputer system design cmpanies, r fr marketing firms r departments, r be self-emplyed. While sme web develpers have an assciate's degree in web design, thers have a certificate in web develpment instead.
Salary: abut $ 63,760 per year
Architectural and Civil Drafter
An architectural and civil drafter creates drawings f the structural features f buildings r creates maps f civil engineering prjects. Mst drafters have training in cmputer-aided design and drafting (CADD), engineering, mechanical drawing, and ther design and engineering skills. This training can be frm a certificate prgram, a tw-year prgram, r even a fur-year prgram.
Salary: abut $ 56,830 per year
Sheet Metal Wrker
A sheet metal wrker cnstructs and/r installs prducts made f thin sheet metal. This wrk might invlve measuring and marking dimensins n sheets, drilling hles in sheets, carrying large sheets, and s n. Sheet metal wrkers learn their wrk thrugh a certificate prgram frm a technical schl.
Salary: abut $ 50,400 per year
1. Which jb prvides the highest incme accrding t the text?
A. Cnstructin and Building Inspectr. B. Web Develper.
C. Architectural and Civil Drafter. D. Sheet Metal Wrker.
2. What is special abut web develpers?
A. They inspect websites
B. They are gd at marketing.
C. They can be self-emplyed.
D. They need CADD training.
3. What cmmn requirement d the jbs have?
A. Engineering skills. B. Cmputer knwledge.
C. A certificate r a degree. D. Technical schl experience.
B篇
True, peple remember what yu wear. After a scial event, we all remember the wman in red, r the man with the tp hat. On the red carpet, Hllywd hpefuls take advantage f this reality by wearing utfits designed t be discussed and displayed n the frnt pages f newspapers. But in terms f making a gd impressin, being memrable is nt just abut nvelty r fashin, but attractin, bth physical and emtinal, ften in ppsite rder f imprtance.
In a 2020 study, Andre Ndb fund peple tended t remember the extremes: bth attractive and unattractive faces. He acknwledged that ne suggested explanatin was that bth are characterized by distinctive features that prmte facial recgnitin when cmpared with faces f average attractiveness. But while distinctiveness is memrable, beauty is skin deep. Accrdingly, the way yu are remembered by thers is ften nt abut what yu wear and hw yu lk but abut the way yu make peple feel.
Prfessinal interactin can create psitive persnal memries. Adrie A. Kehler, in a piece entitled “In the Eye f the Behlder” (2017), fund that when asked t recall their best learning experience, many students discussed a memrable teacher. What made the teachers memrable? Accrding t the students, memrable qualities included nt nly teaching styles, but als interpersnal skills and psitive qualities such as a sense f humr.
We can relate t the results f this study when recalling peple wh are memrable in ur wn lives. They are nt always peple wh we believed t be the smartest r mst believed, but ften thse wh made us feel the mst cmfrtable, and wh were mst interested in us. Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Nt nly will yu remember what smene said, but they will als remember yu, fndly.
Regardless f what we wear r hw we lk, we are always naturally mre appealing and apprachable when we fcus n thers and when we are genuine rather than simply sciable. Remember that, and thers will remember yu.
4. The Hllywd hpefuls are mentined t shw ________.
A. the cmpetitin n the red carpet
B. peple’s attempt t be remembered
C. peple’s wrng belief abut impressin
D. the imprtance f clthing in ne’s success
5. Why is an unattractive face remembered accrding t Andre Ndb?
A. It creates psitive memries.
B. There’s smething special with it.
C. It makes peple feel uncmfrtable.
D. Peple ften try hard t avid seeing it.
6. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Smart peple are especially attractive.
B. Teaching styles impress students mst.
C. The best learning experience is hard t gain.
D. Sincere attentin is useful in cmmunicatin.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Yu Are What Yu Wear
B. Mind the Impressin Yu Make
C. Hw Can We Imprve Our Self-image?
D. What d Peple Remember abut Yu?
C篇
The ver 48,000 range trees that are distributed at all crners f Seville, Spain, nt nly fill the city's air with the pleasant smell f their flwers in spring, they als prduce ver 16, 500 tns f fruit every winter. Thugh that makes the city Eurpe's tp range-prducing city, the fruit is t sur t be cnsumed fresh. While sme f the prduce is used t make range juice, mst f it ends up in Seville's landfills. Hwever, that may change sn thanks t a creative idea t use the ranges t prduce clean energy.
In the pilt prgram, juice frm 38. 6 tns f ranges will be left t ferment (发酵)in an existing bigas facility. The juice is fructse (果糖)made up f very shrt carbn chains, and the energetic perfrmance f these carbn chains during the fermentatin prcess is particularly high. The gas released frm the fermented liquid will be used t drive a generatr t prduce clean pwer. The fficials estimate the test run will generate abut 1,500 kWh f energy—enugh t run a water purificatin plant. "It's nt just abut saving mney. The ranges are a prblem fr the city, and we're prducing added value frm waste,M said Benign Lpez, the head f Emasesa's envirnmental department.
If successful, by 2023, the city hpes t recycle all the ranges and add the electricity generated back t its grid (电网). In trial runs, 1,000 kils (2,200 punds) f ranges prduced 50 kWh f clean energy一enugh t meet the daily electricity needs f five hmes. The prject team estimates that if all the fruit is recycled, it will prduce enugh energy t pwer as many as 73,000 residences.
The latest effrt is amng the many prgrams implemented in Spain t achieve the cuntry's gal f switching its electricity system t renewable surces by 2050—and if everything ges accrding t plan, fully decarbnizing its ecnmy shrtly after that.
8. What prblem des Seville face?
A. It is shrt f energy. B. Mst ranges are wasted.
C. Fruit prductin is falling. D. Trees take up much space.
9. What's the final prduct f the fermentatin prcess?
A. Fructse. B. Carbn chains. C. Clean pwer. D. Gas.
10. What des the underlined wrd "implemented" in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Cnducted. B. Assumed. C. Ppularized. D. Cmpleted.
11. What is the authr's main purpse in writing the text?
A. T prve a thery. B. T raise a prblem.
C. T intrduce a prject.D. T cmment n an idea.
D篇
In a new study, shark researchers wrking ff the eastern cast f New Zealand have fund that three species f deep-sea shark are biluminescent （生物性发光的），prducing a sft blue-green light with specialized cells in their skin.
One f the species, the kitefin shark, grws t a length f nearly six feet, making it the largest knwn biluminescent animal. The ther tw species are smewhat smaller than the kitefin, and all are ccasinally caught as unintended by-catch by fishers. Nne are cnsidered in danger f extinctin, but little is knwn abut their lifestyles and bilgy.
Biluminescence had previusly been dcumented in nly arund a dzen shark species, s this discvery significantly adds t ur knwledge,,, says Jerme Mallefet, lead authr f the new study.
In the deep sea, where scientists estimate three-quarters f all creatures are biluminescent, having the ability t create light can be extremely advantageus. In the depths f the cean, which receives minimal amunts f sunlight, biluminescent animals can hide themselves frm enemies by prducing enugh light t match their surrundings. All three species examined in this study have large cncentratins f phtcytes （发光细 胞）n their undersides, which suggests that these sharks may hide frm enemies in just this way.
"The discvery that these three species prduce light is nt surprising", says David Ebert, directr f the Pacific Shark Research Center. That's because researchers think many mre species f sharks are likely capable f prducing light--Mallefet estimates that perhaps 10 percent f the 540 knwn species f sharks are biluminescent. But Ebert thinks even this is far frm the truth. "As the deep-sea shark research advances, that number will g even higher," he says.
Bth Ebert and Mallefet hpe that mre attentin will be paid t deep-sea sharks in the future, as the creatures and their habitat are understudied and under threat. "A lt f peple knw that sharks can bite," says Mallefet, "but few peple knw that they can prduce light in the dark. ”
12. What d we knw abut the biluminescent shark species?
A. They were quite difficult t catch
B. They preferred t live in the dark.
C. They were cnsidered t be endangered.
D. They were little knwn abut befre the study.
13. What des the furth paragraph fcus n?
A. The functin f biluminescence.
B. The significance f the discvery.
C. The terrible surrundings in the sea.
D. The usual activities f sea creatures.
14. What des Ebert think f Mallefet's guess at the number f biluminescent sharks?
A. Agreeable. B. Scientific. C. Inaccurate. D. Inspiratinal.
15. What is Ebert and Mallefet's cmmn wish?
A. Mre peple will study sharks.
B. Deep-sea sharks will grw in number.
C. Deep-sea sharks will receive mre attentin.
D. Mre biluminescent animals will be fund.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While yu may be aviding yur gym during the pandemic （疫情）due t health cncerns, that desn't mean yu can't break a sweat while staying hme. __16__ Here are a few tips t help yu master at-hme wrkuts and stay healthy.
Establish a rutine
__17__ Hwever, it's easy t get distracted when wrking ut at hme. Schedule a blck f time fr yur daily wrkut, and find a space in yur hme fr exercise. Try t avid distractins during yur wrkut as best yu can. __18__ Stick with yur wrkut schedule several days per week t establish a cnsistent rutine.
Wrk n new skills
If yu're used t wrking ut in a gym and using their wide variety f equipment, it can be annying t have limited resurces at hme. __19__ Fr example, if yu typically lift weights in the gym, fcus n balance exercises and flexibility at hme.
Take virtual classes
If yu typically attend fitness classes r are lking fr structured wrkuts t fllw at hme, keep in mind that many lcal gyms and studis are ffering virtual classes. This is a great pprtunity t supprt lcal business wners. __20__
A. This is especially true when yu have n ther chice.
B. Fllwing a wrkut vide r app can help keep yu fcused.
C. Ask yur previus instructrs t see if they ffer virtual ptins.
D. Yu'd better frget abut the equipment and atmsphere in the gym.
E. Ging t a gym r a fitness class naturally creates a structured rutine.
F. But it's als a gd chance t wrk n new skills and mdes f exercise.
G. If yu're new t wrking ut at hme, it's challenging t find the mtivatin.
第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 (共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years ld. I went frm a kid wh gt everything he asked fr t ne __21__ having nwhere t stay. This change was as__22__ fr my parents as it was fr me. But I wasn’t used t hearing “n” s I __23__ asking.
When asked what I wanted fr my birthday, I said I wanted a vide gaming system. I didn’t knw it was __24__ . All I knew was that my friends __25__ them and that I wanted ne t.
On my birthday, I __26__ started pening my present, believing I wuld get what I __27__ . But I didn’t. My mm culd tell my__28__ and she started crying. I gave her a __29___ that was bigger than ever. Her tears __30__ me that she was wrking s hard and that she culdn’t _31_ t give me anything I didn’t need.
Frm then n I learned t _32_ the things I had. When I wanted a new iPd, I had t wrk t buy it. I gt a _33_ jb and after wrking fr a mnth every day after schl,
I saved up enugh _54_ t buy it. The feeling f having __55__ smething is ne f the best feelings in the wrld.
21. A. still B. hardly C. evenD. merely
22. A. minr B. dramatic C. effective D. exciting
23. A. stpped B. admitted C. frgt D. kept
24. A. expensive B. cmplicated C. unnecessary D. advanced
25. A. liked B. wned C. wn D. chse
26. A. cheerfully B. curiusly C. impatiently D. vilently
27. A. wrked n B. agreed n C. lnged fr D. struggled fr
28. A. hesitatin B. inncence C. determinatin D. disappintment
29. A. surprise B. hug C. task D. gift
30. A. reminded B. prmised C. persuaded D. warned
31. A. expect B. fight C. affrd D. remember
32. A. select B. abandn C. cmpare D. appreciate
33. A. dead-end B. part-time C. demanding D. regular
34. A. energy B. time C. wages D. fees
35. A. earned B. created C. beaten D. caught
第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列选项，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括弧内单词的正确形式，并讲答案转写到答题卡上。
Impacts frm climate change are happening nw. These impacts extend well beynd the rise in temperature, __36__(affect) ecsystems and cmmunities in the United States and arund the wrld.
Changes t water resurces can have a big impact __37__ peple's lives. In sme regins, __38__(particular) in the western United States, drught is __39__ serius prblem facing cmmunities. Less snw cver in the muntains is imprtant in the West and Alaska, __40__ will greatly reduce the chances f disasters caused by t much snw. The __41__ (frequent) f heavy dwnpurs in the Midwest and nrtheastern states __42__ (increase) in the past decades. In many regins, flds and water quality prblems are likely t be wrse because f climate change.
Our fd supply depends n climate__43__ weather cnditins. Agricultural practices may be adaptable, but changes like increased temperatures, water stress, diseases, and weather extremes create challenges fr the farmers wh put fd n ur tables.
Human health is als affected by climate change. The changing envirnment __44__ (expect) t cause mre heat stress, an increase in waterbrne diseases, pr air quality, and diseases spread by insects and rdents (啮齿动物). Extreme weather events can wrsen many f these health __45__ (threat).
第三部分：书面表达（共1小题，满分25分）
假定你是李华，正在学习生涯规划(career planning)的相关知识。请给外教Luis写封 邮件向他了解情况，内容包括：
1.你对生涯规划的认识；
2.请他介绍他们国家的中学生的生涯规划情况；
3.请他提供生涯规划方面的建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Luis,
Hw are yu?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Yurs,
Li Hua
湖北省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷（八）答案
A答案1. A；2. C；3. C；
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四份收入比较高的工作。
【1题】 A 细节理解题。根据每一节中Salary部分的内容可知，第一份工作的收入“每年70710美元”，第二份工作“每年63760美元”，第三份工作“每年56830美元”，第四份工作“每年50400美元”，对比可知，第一份工作的年收入最高。故选A项。
【2题】 C 细节理解题。根据 Web Develper 的介绍中“Web develpers might wrk fr cmputer system design cmpanies, r fr marketing firms r departments, r be self-emplyed.(网络开发人员可能为计算机系统设计公司工作，或为营销公司或部门工作，或自主创业。)”可知，网络开发人员的特色是可以自主创业。故选C项。
【3题】C 推理判断题。根据Cnstructin and Building Inspectr部分的“Many cnstructin and building inspectrs have a certificate frm a lcal r cmmunity cllege, althugh thers have a tw-year assciate's degree instead.(许多建筑检查员都有当地或社区大学颁发的证书，但也有一些人持有两年制的大专学位。)”、 Web Develper部分的“While sme web develpers have an assciate's degree in web design, thers have a certificate in web develpment instead.(虽然有些网页开发者拥有网页设计的大专学位，但也有些人拥有网页开发的证书。)”、Architectural and Civil Drafter部分的“This training can be frm a certificate prgram(这种培训可以来自一个证书项目)”及Sheet Metal Wrker部分的 “Sheet metal wrkers learn their wrk thrugh a certificate prgram frm a technical schl.(钣金工人通过技术学校的证书课程学习他们的工作。)”可知，每一份工作都提到了“degree”或“certificate”的要求，即它们的共同点是都要求证书或者学位。故选C项。
B【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们对其他人哪方面的表现更容易留下深刻印象。
【4题】B 推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“On the red carpet, Hllywd hpefuls take advantage f this reality by wearing utfits designed t be discussed and displayed n the frnt pages f newspapers.”（在红毯上，有前途的好莱坞明星们利用了这一现实，他们穿的服装是为被讨论和出现在报纸头版而设计的。）可知，有希望的好莱坞明星们穿的服装是为了吸引注意力和话题，被人们记住，再根据第一段第四句“But in terms f making a gd impressin, being memrable is nt just abut nvelty r fashin, but attractin, bth physical and emtinal, ften in ppsite rder f imprtance.”（但就给人留下好印象而言，令人难忘不只是关于新奇或时尚，而是身体和情感上的吸引力，通常是重要性相反的顺序。）可知，提到有前途的好莱坞明星是为了展示人们想要被记住的努力。故选B。
5题】B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“bth are characterized by distinctive features that prmte facial recgnitin when cmpared with faces f average attractiveness. ”（与具有平均吸引力的脸相比，两者都有显著的特征，有助于提高面部识别能力。）可知，一张没有吸引力的脸会被记住，因为它有一些特别之处。故选B。
【6题】D推理判断题。根据倒第二段最后两句“Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Nt nly will yu remember what smene said, but they will als remember yu, fndly.”（真诚的兴趣具有独特的吸引力。不仅你会记住别人说的话，他们也会亲切地记住你。）可知，真诚的关注在沟通中是有用的。故选D。
【7题】D标题判断题。根据第一段第四句“But in terms f making a gd impressin, being memrable is nt just abut nvelty r fashin, but attractin, bth physical and emtinal, ften in ppsite rder f imprtance.”（但就给人留下好印象而言，令人难忘不只是关于新奇或时尚，而是身体和情感上的吸引力，通常是重要性相反的顺序。）可知，文章主要是讨论什么能给别人留下好印象，所以选项D（人们记住了你的什么?）是最好的标题。故选D。
C【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】【详解】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西班牙城市塞维利亚利用产量过剩的橘子来发电，并期待利用这一手段推动低碳环保进程。
【8题】B推理判断题。根据第一段中“mst f it ends up in Seville's landfills（大多数的橘子都被扔进了垃圾填满厂）”和第二段中“The ranges are a prblem fr the city, and we're prducing added value frm waste.（橘子对于这个城市来说是个问题，正在变废为宝）”可知，大多数的橘子都被扔进了垃圾填满厂，由此可知很多橘子都被浪费了，故选B。
【9题】D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The gas released frm the fermented liquid will be used t drive a generatr t prduce clean pwer.(液体发酵产生的气体可以被用来驱动生发电机生产干净的能源)”可知，发酵的最终产物是气体，该气体可以用来驱动发电机。故选D。
【10题】. A 词义猜测题。分析本句“The latest effrt is amng the many prgrams implemented in Spain t achieve the cuntry's gal f switching its electricity system t renewable surces by 2050”（最新的努力是西班牙implemented许多项目中的一个，目的是实现该国到2050年将电力系统转换为可再生能源的目标）可知，为了实现2050年把电力转化为可再生能源的目标需要实施一个项目。划线词为prgrams的后置定语，由此推知划线词的意思是“实施的”，与cnducted同义。故选A。
【11题】. C 推理判断题。根据的主要内容，尤其第一段最后一句“Hwever, that may change sn thanks t a creative idea t use the ranges t prduce clean energy”（然而，由于一个富有创造性的想法——用这些橘子来生产干净的能源——这种情况很快就会改变）可知，本文主要介绍了西班牙城市塞维利亚利用产量过剩的橘子来发电，并期待利用这一手段推动低碳环保进程。因此，作者写本文的目的是介绍一个变废为宝、生产清洁能源的项目，故选C。
D【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员在新西兰的东海岸发现了新品种的可发光的鲨鱼，并希望这种深海鲨鱼将得到更多的关注。
【12题】D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Nne are cnsidered in danger f extinctin, but little is knwn abut their lifestyles and bilgy.”（没有一只被认为有灭绝的危险，但人们对它们的生活方式和生物学知识知之甚少。）可知，人们对这新品种的鲨鱼知之甚少。故选D项。
13题】A主旨大意题。根据第四段前两句“In the deep sea, where scientists estimate three-quarters f all creatures are biluminescent, having the ability t create light can be extremely advantageus. In the depths f the cean, which receives minimal amunts f sunlight, biluminescent animals can hide themselves frm enemies by prducing enugh light t match their surrundings.”（在深海中，科学家估计有四分之三的生物会发光，能够发光是非常有利的。在接受少量阳光的海洋深处，会发光的生物可以通过发出足够的光来躲避敌人。）可知，这一段主要说了海洋动物发光对它们生存的作用。故选A项。
【14题】C 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“But Ebert thinks even this is far frm the truth. "As the deep-sea shark research advances, that number will g even higher," he says.”（但Ebert认为，即便是这样也远远不是事实。“随着深海鲨鱼研究的进展，这个数字会更高，”他说。）可知，Ebert认为Mallefet关于生物荧光鲨鱼数量的猜测不太准确。故选C项。
【15题】C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Bth Ebert and Mallefet hpe that mre attentin will be paid t deep-sea sharks in the future, as the creatures and their habitat are understudied and under threat.”（Ebert和Mallefet都希望未来能更多地关注深海鲨鱼，因为这种生物和它们的栖息地还没有得到充分的研究，而且受到威胁。）可知，Ebert和Mallefet都希望深海鲨鱼将得到更多的关注。故选C项。
7选5阅读【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要针对如何在家锻炼保持健康提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】G根据后文“Here are a few tips t help yu master at-hme wrkuts and stay healthy.”（这里有一些建议可以帮助你掌握在家锻炼并保持健康。）可知，此处是讲如何在家锻炼并保持健康，所以选项G（如果你刚开始在家锻炼，很难找到动力。）切合文意。故选G。
【17题详解】E根据小标题“Establish a rutine”（建立一个惯例）可知，此处是讲建立一个惯例的方法，所以选项E（去健身房或健身班自然会形成一个有组织的日常活动。）切合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】B根据前文“Try t avid distractins during yur wrkut as best yu can.”（在你锻炼的时候尽量避免分心。）可知，此处是讲如何保持专注，所以选项B（观看健身视频或应用可以帮助你集中注意力。）切合文意。故选B。
【19题详解】F根据小标题“Wrk n new skills”（学习新技能）可知，此处是讲关于学习新技能，所以选项F（但这也是学习新技能和锻炼方式的好机会。）切合文意。故选F。
【20题详解】C 根据小标题“Take virtual classes”（采取虚拟课堂）可知，此处是讲关于虚拟课堂，所以选项C（问问你以前的导师，看他们是否提供虚拟选项。）切合文意。故选C。
完形填空【题号+20】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B
26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的父母破产以后，作者的生活发生的变化。
【21题详解】C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从一个想要什么就能得到什么的孩子变成了甚至连住的地方都没有的孩子。A. still还；B. hardly几乎没有；C. even甚至；D. merely仅仅。第一句“My parents went bankrupt when I was seven years ld.”提到作者父母破产，因此，作者从想要什么就能得到什么，变成甚至（even）连住的地方都没有。故选C项。
【22题详解】B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个变化对我和我父母来说都是巨大的。A. minr小的；B. dramatic突然的，巨大的；C. effective有效的；D. exciting兴奋的。根据上文“My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years ld.”可知，破产这个家庭变故，对作者和其父母都是很”巨大的，突然的（dramatic）”事。故选B项。
【23题详解】D考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我不习惯听到“不”，所以我一直问。A. stpped停止；B. admitted承认；C. frgt忘了；D. kept一直，不停地。根据上文“This change was as 2 fr my parents as it was fr me.”可知，破产对坐在这和其父母来说都是突然的、巨大的，作者习惯了想要什么就能得到什么，不习惯被拒绝，因此会”不停，一直（kept）”要东西。故选D项。
【24题详解】A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它很贵。A. expensive贵的；B. cmplicated复杂的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. advanced先进的。根据上文“My parents went bankrupt (破产) when I was seven years ld.”可知，作者父母破产的时候，仅仅七岁，因此，他还不懂有的东西很贵（expensive）。故选A项。
【25题详解】B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所知道是，我的朋友都拥有它们，我也想要一个。A. liked喜欢；B. wned拥有；C. wn赢了；D. chse选择。根据语境及该空前“All I knew was that my friends ”以及该空后” I wanted ne t”可知，“别人拥有（wned），我也要有”，这符合孩子的心理特点。故选B项。
【26题详解】A考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我开始兴奋地打开我的礼物，相信我会得到我所渴望的。A. cheerfully兴奋地，高兴地；B. curiusly好奇地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. vilently暴力。根据“On my birthday”可知，这天是作者的生日，拆礼物应该是”高兴地（cheerfully）”。故选A项。
【27题详解】C考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我开始兴奋地打开我的礼物，相信我会得到我所渴望的。A. wrked n继续工作；B. agreed n 同意；C. lnged fr渴望；D. struggled fr挣扎。根据上下文语境及该空前“On my birthday, I 6 started pening my present, believing...”可知，作者在生日的时候高兴地拆礼物，原本相信打开的是自己一直渴望（lnged fr）的礼物。故选C项。
【28题详解】D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈能看出我的失望，她开始哭了。A. hesitatin犹豫；B. inncence无辜；C. determinatin决心；D. disappintment失望。根据上文“believing I wuld get what I 7 . But I didn’t.”可知，作者没有得到渴望的礼物，妈妈能够看出他的失望（disappintment）。故选D项。
【29题详解】B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给了她一个比以前更大的拥抱。A. surprise惊喜；B. hug拥抱；C. task任务；D. gift礼物。根据下文“Frm then n I learned t 12 the things I had.”可知，作者从这件事以后，学会了欣赏拥有的东西。由此可知，他理解了妈妈赚钱的不容易，懂得了每一个东西都来之不易。因此，此处指作者给了妈妈一个拥抱（hug）。故选B项。
【30题详解】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的眼泪提醒我她工作如此努力，无法给我买得起一些非必要的东西。A. reminded提醒；B. prmised承诺；C. persuaded说服；D. warned警告。根据语境及该空后“she was wrking s hard and that she culdn’t 11 t give me anything ”可知，妈妈的眼泪提醒（reminded）了作者，妈妈的的努力工作，无法给作者买得起一些非必要的东西。故选A项。
【31题详解】C考查动词词义辨析。她的眼泪提醒我她工作如此努力，无法给我买得起一些非必要的东西。A. expect希望；B. fight战斗；C. affrd买得起，支付；D. remember记住。根据上文语境及“give me anything I didn’t need”可知， 妈妈在经济上无法”支付，买得起（affrd）”作者非生活必要的东西。故选C项。
【32题详解】 D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我学会了欣赏我所拥有的东西。A. select选择；B. abandn放弃；C. cmpare比较；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文作者过生日想要礼物却没有得到，以及下文“When I wanted a new iPd, I had t wrk t buy it.”可知，这件事让作者明白了每个东西都是来之不易，需要好好工作赚钱才能买，学会了欣赏（appreciate）自己所拥有的东西。故选D项。
【33题详解】B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一份兼职工作，每天放学后工作，干了一个月。A. dead-end终端的；B. part-time兼职的；C. demanding苛求的；D. regular定期的，规律的。根据该空后“…after wrking fr a mnth every day after schl”可知，作者还在上学，因此,找的工作是兼职的（part-time）。故选B项。
【34题详解】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：我存了足够的工资买它。A. energy能源；B. time时间；C. wages工资；D. fees费用。根据上文“ I gt a 13 jb and after wrking fr a mnth every day after schl”可知，作者通过兼职工作赚钱，那积攒的应该是工资（wages）。故选C项。
【35题详解】A考查动词词义辨析。句意：挣得东西的感觉是世界上最好的感觉之一。A. earned挣得，赚得；B. created创建；C. beaten殴打；D. caught抓住。根据上文“I saved up enugh 14 t buy it.”可知， 作者通过自己工作攒钱买到了自己想要的东西，因此应为挣得（earned）。故选A项。
语法填词【答案】36. affecting 37. n/upn
38. particularly 39. a 40. which 41. frequency
42. has increased 43. and 44. is expected 45. threats
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了气候变化对全球多个方面造成的影响。
【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些影响远不止温度上升，还影响到美国和世界各地的生态系统和社区。分析句子结构可知affect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语these impacts构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填affecting。
【37题详解】考查介词。句意：水资源的变化会对人们的生活产生很大的影响。结合句意表示“对……有很大影响”可知短语为have a big impact n/upn。故填n/upn。
【38题详解】考查副词。句意：在一些地区，特别是在美国西部，干旱是社区面临的一个严重问题。修饰后文介词短语in the western United States，应用副词particularly，作状语。故填particularly。
【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：在一些地区，特别是在美国西部，干旱是社区面临的一个严重问题。prblem为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且serius是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在西部和阿拉斯加，山区积雪较少是很重要的，这将大大减少因积雪过多而造成灾害的机会。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【41题详解】考查名词。句意：在过去几十年里，中西部和东北部各州的暴雨频率有所增加。空处作主语，表示“频率”应填名词frequency，表抽象概念不可数。故填frequency。
【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去几十年里，中西部和东北部各州的暴雨频率有所增加。根据后文“in the past decades”可知用现在完成时，主语为The frequency f heavy dwnpurs，助动词用has。故填has increased。
【43题详解】考查连词。句意：我们的食物供应取决于气候和天气状况。此处climate 与weather cnditins为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【44题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：不断变化的环境预计会导致更多的热应激、水传播疾病的增加、空气质量差以及由昆虫和啮齿动物传播的疾病。结合句意表示“预计……”可知短语为be expected t d sth.，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The changing envirnment，谓语动词用单数。故填is expected。
【45题详解】考查名词的数。句意：极端天气事件会使这些健康威胁恶化。threat为可数名词，由these修饰应用复数形式。故填threats。
第三部分 写作→【范文背诵】→
Dear Luis ,
Hw are yu"! Nwadays, career planning has becme mre frequently mentined than ever befre. As far as I'm cncerned, ur future career needs t be carefully planned, and there's relevant knwledge t be learned and skills t be practiced. Our schl has started a career planning curse and there are prfessinal teachers wh are guiding us t explre.
I'm curius what kind f prject high schls prvide and what students think f career planning in yur cuntry. Besides, I'd be s grateful if yu culd ffer me sme advice n career planning. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
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