Unit 5 Languages around the world【真题训练】-2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇（人教版2019必修第一册）

这是一份Unit 5 Languages around the world【真题训练】-2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇（人教版2019必修第一册），主要包含了真题训练，名师点睛等内容，欢迎下载使用。

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
1．(本题2分)（2015·天津高考真题）The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere _______his emplyees enjy their wrk.
A．whereB．which
C．whenD．wh
2．(本题2分)（2019·吉林高一期末）We require the thief _________ int prisn.
A．refers t being put B．referred t be put
C．refer t being putD．referred shuld be put
3．(本题2分)（2020·上海市进才中学高一月考）Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting.
A．t whichB．against whichC．with whichD．fr which
4．(本题2分)（2020·上海市进才中学高一月考）Cmpanies shuld understand the risks _______ they are expsed and mnitr their cntrl envirnments adequately.
A．n whichB．in whichC．t whichD．with which
5．(本题2分)（2020·上海市进才中学高一月考）Last week, nly tw peple came t lk at the huse, _______ wanted t buy it.
A．neither f themB．bth f themC．nne f whmD．neither f whm
6．(本题2分)（2015·陕西高考真题）As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time ________he shuld be able t be independent.
A．whichB．where
C．whmD．when
7．(本题2分)（2008·山东高考真题）Occasins are quite rare ____ I have the time t spend a day with my kids.
A．whB．whichC．whyD．when
8．(本题2分)（2019·江苏高考真题）We have entered int an age _______ dreams have the best chance f cming true.
A．whichB．whatC．whenD．that
9．(本题2分)（2014·江西高考真题）It was the middle f the night my father wke me up and tld me t watch the ftball game.
A．thatB．as
C．whichD．when
10．(本题2分)（2018·江苏高考真题）Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
A．thatB．where
C．whichD．when
(本题40分)（2013·安徽高考真题） If yu want t learn a new language，the very first thing t think abut is why.D yu need it fr a 11 reasn，such as yur jb r yur studies？ 12 perhaps yu're interested in the 13 ，films r music f a different cuntry and yu knw hw much it will help t have a 14 f the language.
Mst peple learn best using a variety f 15 ，but traditinal classes are an ideal start fr many peple.They 16 an envirnment where yu can practice under the 17 f smene wh's gd at the language.We all lead 18 lives and learning a language takes 19 .Yu will have mre success if yu study regularly，s try t develp a 20 .It desn't matter if yu haven't gt lng.Becming fluent in a language will take years，but learning t get by takes 21 .
Many peple start learning a language and sn give up.“ I'm t 22 ，”they say.Yes，children d learn languages mre 23 than adults，but research has shwn that yu can learn a language at any 24 .And learning is gd fr the health f yur brain，t.I've als heard peple 25 abut the mistakes they make when 26 .Well，relax and laugh abut yur mistakes 27 yu're much less likely t make them again.
Learning a new language is never 28 .But with sme wrk and devtin，yu'll make prgress.And yu'll be 29 by the psitive reactin f sme peple when yu say just a few wrds in 30 wn language.Gd luck!
11．(2分)A．technicalB．pliticalC．practicalD．physical
12．(2分)A．AfterB．SC．ThughD．Or
13．(2分)A．literatureB．transprtC．agricultureD．medicine
14．(2分)A．viewB．knwledgeC．frmD．database
15．(2分)A．paintingsB．regulatinsC．methdsD．cmputers
16．(2分)A．prtectB．changeC．respectD．prvide
17．(2分)A．cntrlB．cmmandC．guidanceD．pressure
18．(2分)A．busyB．happyC．simpleD．nrmal
19．(2分)A．curageB．timeC．energyD．place
20．(2分)A．theryB．businessC．rutineD．prject
21．(2分)A．sme risks B．a lt lessC．sme ntesD．a lt mre
22．(2分)A．ldB．nervusC．weakD．tired
23．(2分)A．clselyB．quicklyC．privatelyD．quietly
24．(2分)A．ageB．speedC．distanceD．schl
25．(2分)A．wrryB．hesitateC．thinkD．quarrel
26．(2分)A．singingB．wrkingC．bargainingD．learning
27．(2分)A．ifB．andC．butD．befre
28．(2分)A．tiresmeB．hardC．interestingD．easy
29．(2分)A．blamedB．amazedC．interruptedD．infrmed
30．(2分)A．theirB．hisC．urD．yur
(本题8分)（2012·辽宁高考真题） If Cnfucius (孔子) were still alive tday and culd celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there wuld be a lt f candles. He'd need a fan r a strng wind t help him put them ut.
While many peple in China will remember Cnfucius n his special day, few peple in the United States will give him a passing thught. It's nthing persnal. Mst Americans dn't even remember the birthdays f their wn natinal heres.
But this desn't mean that Americans dn't care abut Cnfucius. In many ways he has becme a bridge that freigners must crss if they want t reach a deeper understanding f China.
In the past tw decades, the Chinese studies prgrams have gained huge ppularity in Western universities. Mre recently, the Chinese gvernment has set up Cnfucius Institutes in mre than 80 cuntries. These schls teach bth Chinese language and culture. The main curses f Chinese culture usually include Chinese art, histry and philsphy (哲学). Sme scial scientists suggest that Westerners shuld take advantage f the ancient Chinese wisdm t make up fr the drawbacks f Western philsphy. Students in the United States，at the same time, are racing t learn Chinese. S they will be ready fr life in a wrld where China is an equal pwer with the United States. Businessmen wh hpe t make mney in China are reading bks abut Cnfucius t understand their Chinese custmers.
S the ld thinker's ideas are still alive and well.
Tday China attracts the West mre than ever, and it will need mre teachers t intrduce Cnfucius and Chinese culture t the West.
As fr the ld thinker, he will nt sn be frgtten by peple in the West, even if his birthday is.
31．(2分)The pening paragraph is mainly intended t ________.
A．prvide sme key facts abut Cnfucius
B．attract the readers' interest in the subject
C．shw great respect fr the ancient thinker
D．prve the ppularity f mdern birthday celebratins
32．(2分)We can learn frm Paragraph 4 that American students ________.
A．have a great interest in studying Chinese
B．take an active part in Chinese cmpetitins
C．try t get high scres in Chinese exams
D．fight fr a chance t learn Chinese
33．(2分)What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Frgtten Wisdm in America
B．Huge Fans f the Chinese Language
C．Chinese Culture fr Westerners
D．Old Thinker with a Big Future
34．(2分)The passage is likely t appear in ________.
A．a bigraphyB．a histry paper
C．a newspaperD．a philsphy textbk
(本题8分)（2016·全国高考真题） The meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups.Silences may be thughtful, r they may be empty when a persn has nthing t say. A silence in a cnversatin may als shw stubbrnness, uneasiness, r wrry. Silence may be viewed by sme cultural grups as extremely uncmfrtable; therefre attempts may be made t fill every gap(间隙) with cnversatin. Persns in ther cultural grups value silence and view it as necessary fr understanding a persn's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part f cmmunicating amng peple, just as sme traditinal Chinese and Thai persns d. Therefre, when a persn frm ne f these cultures is speaking and suddenly stps, what may be implied(暗示) is that the persn wants the listener t cnsider what has been said befre cntinuing.In these cultures, silence is a call fr reflectin.
Other cultures may use silence in ther ways, particularly when dealing with cnflicts amng peple r in relatinships f peple with different amunts f pwer. Fr example, Russian, French, and Spanish persns may use silence t shw agreement between parties abut the tpic under discussin. Hwever, Mexicans may use silence when instructins are given by a persn in authrity rather than be rude t that persn by arguing with him r her. In still anther use, persns in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign f respect, particularly t an elder r a persn in authrity.
Nurses and ther care-givers need t be aware f the pssible meanings f silence when they cme acrss the persnal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses shuld recgnize their wn persnal and cultural cnstructin f silence s that a patient’s silence is nt interrupted t early r allwed t g n unnecessarily. A nurse wh understands the healing(治愈) value f silence can use this understanding t assist in the care f patients frm their wn and frm ther cultures.
35．(2分)What des the authr say abut silence in cnversatins?
A．It implies anger.
B．It prmtes friendship.
C．It is culture-specific.
D．It is cntent-based.
36．(2分)Which f the fllwing peple might regard silence as a call fr careful thught?
A．The Chinese.
B．The French.
C．The Mexicans.
D．The Russians.
37．(2分)What des the authr advise nurses t d abut silence?
A．Let it cntinue as the patient pleases.
B．Break it while treating patients.
C．Evaluate its harm t patients.
D．Make use f its healing effects.
38．(2分)What may be the best title fr the text?
A．Sund and Silence
B．What It Means t Be Silent
C．Silence t Native Americans
D．Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gld
(本题8分)（2015·安徽高考真题） Welcme t the Electrnic Village t explre new ways f language teaching and learning.
39．(2分)Nearpd is actually a .
A．super ftball playerB．name f a recent film
C．sftware prgramD．rbt
40．(2分)A teacher wh wants t learn nline teaching can g t .
A．Rm 501B．Rm 502
C．Rm 601D．Rm 602
41．(2分)Which f the fllwing can assess yur grammar learning?
A．Nearpd.B．Kaht.C．TEO.D．Prezi.
42．(2分)If yu want t imprve yur speaking skills, yu are suppsed t arrive by .
A．9:00 amB．10:30 am
C．2:00 pmD．3:30 pm
(本题8分)（2018·全国高考真题） Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging. When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther. Sme language experts believe that 10,000 years ag, when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Sn afterwards, many f thse peple started settling dwn t becme farmers, and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrializatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages. Often spken by many peple while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 Languages: the Americas abut 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number(中位数) f speakers is a mere 6，000, which means that half the wrlds languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6,800 languages are clse t extinctin(消亡), with nly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at randm, Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers), Chiapanec in Mexic(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(tw r three) r Wadjigu in Australia (ne, with a questin-mark): nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
43．(2分)What can we infer abut languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A．They develped very fast.B．They were large in number.
C．They had similar patters.D．They were clsely cnnected
44．(2分)Which f the fllwing best explains "dminant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A．Cmplex.B．Advanced.
C．Pwerful.D．Mdern.
45．(2分)Hw many languages are spken by less than 6, 000 peple at present?
A．Abut 6,800 .B．Abut 3,400
C．Abut 2,400D．Abut 1,200.
46．(2分)What is the main idea f the text?
A．New languages will be created.
B．Peples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human develpment results in fewer languages.
D．Gegraphy determines language evlutin.
(本题10分)（2019·广东濠江金山中学高二月考）Different Cultures
The cultures f the East and the West really distinguish themselves frm each ther a lt. 47．(2分).
The rigin f the Eastern culture is mainly frm tw cuntries:China and India. Bth f the tw cultures are develped by rivers — the Yellw River in China and the Indus River in India. 48．(2分)
When the tw mther rivers gave birth t the Eastern culture，anther famus culture was brught up n the Mesptamian plain（美索不达米亚平原）一the Mesptamian Civilizatin. This civilizatin later n develped int the cultures f Ancient Rme and Ancient Greek.49．(2分) Like the Chinese culture，the Eurpean culture als crssed waters. When the British settled dwn in America，their culture went with them ver the Atlantic Ocean. S the American culture desn't distinguish itself frm the Eurpean culture a lt.
50．(2分) Take the language system fr example. In the East，mst languages belng t the pictgraphic language while the Western languages are mstly based n the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences cunt as well. But what's mre，due t the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West，the tw cultures seldm cmmunicate until recent centuries. S they grew up ttally in their wn ways with almst n interference（干预）frm the ther.
The differences are everywhere. 51．(2分) But different cultures make the wrld in the 21st century mre varied. The cultural gap shuld nt be the bstacle t the civilizatin f human beings. It ught t be the mtivatin fr ur ging farther.
A．Let us wrk tgether t keep a variety f cultures.
B．One imprtant thing is t learn abut the ther's culture.
C．And these tw are well-knwn as the base f the Eurpean culture.
D．This is because the culture systems are tw separate systems n the whle.
E.They helped the tw cultures develp fr centuries and frm their wn styles.
F.They are bvius and affect peple's ways f thinking and their views f the wrld.
G.At the same time，sme ther differences add t the cultural differences.
(本题20分)（2018·浙江高考真题）
Easy Ways t Build Vcabulary
It's nt all that hard t build an advanced and large vcabulary. Like many things in life, it's 52．(2分)nging prcess, and the best part f the prcess is that there's enugh rm fr imprvement, 53．(2分)means yu'll just keep getting better and better. Of curse yu have t wrk at it. Yu wuldn't think that a few 54．(2分)(mnth) f exercise in yur teens wuld be enugh 55．(2分) the rest f yur life, and that's als true fr building yur vcabulary--yu have t keep at it daily, and pretty sn yu will find that yu have an excellent vcabulary.
One f the 56．(2分)(effect) ways t build vcabulary is t read gd bks. Yu need t 57．(2分)(real) read at least ne gd bk a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 58．(2分)(sund), and it is far better than any ther methd because yu imprve yur vcabulary while 59．(2分)(read) an interesting piece f literature. Anther nice thing is that yu learn bth new wrds and 60．(2分)(they) use uncnsciusly, meaning that yu will tend t use the wrds 61．(2分)(learn) this way in cnversatins almst autmatically.
62．(本题10分)（2020·安徽省天长中学高二期末）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was yung, I was terribly pr in the Chinese. Be afraid f expressing myself was ne f the reasns that I rarely did well in schl. Once I failed in a mid-term exam. When I gt the papers, I realized things culd have been better if I listened t the teacher much mre attentive. S I turned t my teacher fr helps and he tld me, “Where there is a will, there is a way. If we are devted t learning Chinese, yu’ll make it.” I culdn’t agree much. Frm then n, I began t wrk harder. Out f my expect, I made great prgress sn. Tday, Chinese is where my strength lies. And I’m grateful fr my Chinese teacher.
63．(本题18分)（2017·全国高考真题）假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：
（1）时间和地点；
（2）内容：学习唐诗；
（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
评卷人
得分
一、单项选择(共20分)
评卷人
得分
二、完形填空(共40分)
评卷人
得分
三、阅读选择(共32分)
Electrnic Village Prgram (Thursday, June 18, 2015)
Nearpd
9:00 am t 10:00 am
Rm 501
Nearpd is a sftware prgram that creates a rich cntext (语境) fr students t learn vcabulary. The presenter will shw hw t use it.
TEO
2:00 pm t 3:00 pm
Rm 502
Our students cme frm different backgrunds but have the same desire t learn nline. The presenter will use examples frm his first nline class t explain hw any teacher can begin teaching nline with TEO.
Kaht
10:30 am t 11:30 am
Rm 601
Kaht sftware can be used t create grammar tests which can be graded n a netwrk. It can prvide students with instant feedback (反馈), including reprts abut their strengths and weaknesses.
Prezi
3:30 pm t 4:20 pm
Rm 602
Uses f Prezi in listening and speaking curses draw students’ attentin t speaking mre fluently. The presenter will shw hw students can use Prezi t cnfidently present n a variety f tpics, including intrducing family, friends, and hbbies.
评卷人
得分
四、七选五(共10分)
评卷人
得分
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共20分)
评卷人
得分
六、短文改错(共10分)
评卷人
得分
七、提纲类作文(共18分)
参考答案
1．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmsphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选A。
【名师点睛】
本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
2．B【解析】考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：我们要求所提到的那个小偷应该被关进监狱。分析句子成分，referred t 为后置定语，修饰 the thief，因两者构成被动关系，故使用动词的过去分词，即 referred t，故排除A、C选项；require意为“需要,要求",后接从句要用虚拟语气,即其后的从句：谓语动词用shuld+动词原形,shuld可以省略。且the thief 与 put int prisn 构成被动关系，故选用被动语态，即 the thief (shuld) be put int prisn，综上，故选B。
【点睛】
后接虚拟语气的常见词
1）在 insist, rder, cmmand, suggest, prpse, advise, desire, demand, require, request, rder, prefer, prpse, recmmend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 shuld + 动词原形，其中 shuld 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
例如：He rdered that all the bks be sent at nce.
She insisted that she g t the suth fr her hliday.
2）类似用法的还有 advisable, apprpriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, imprtant, impssible, necessary, bligatry, prper 等形容词；decisin, decree, demand, instructin, rder, requirement, reslutin 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 shuld + 动词原形，其中 shuld 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：
It was apprpriate that this tax be ablished.
Their decisin was that the schl remain clsed.
3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。
3．D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子，此处考查介词加关系代词时，介词的选择。从句 fight译为“奋斗”，根据句意译为“为…... 奋斗”为fight fr，是固定搭配。fr 可提至关系代词which前。故选D 项。
4．C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：公司应该了解他们所面临的风险，并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子，此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词的选择。从句中的动词expse译为“使…曝光”，根据句意译为“暴露于”为 expse…t，是固定搭配。t 可提至关系代词which前。故选 C 项。
5．D【解析】 考查代词和定语从句。句意：上周，只有两个人来看这所房子，他们都不想买。分析句子，前句提到“tw peple”表示两个人，故排除C项，nne 指三者或者三者以上都不。划线前的“逗号”不可同时放下两个简单句。故排除A和B项。再根据定语从句引导词作用之一，连接主从句。且此处表示两者都不。先行词为 tw peple ，作f的宾语。关系代词为whm。故选 D 项。
6．D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when，故选D。
7．D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我难得有时间和孩子们一起过一天。先行词为ccasins，在定语从句子作时间状语，故选D项。
8．C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。
9．D【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：我父亲半夜叫醒我，告诉我去看足球比赛。 my father wke me up and tld me t watch the ftball game.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the middle f the night，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故选D。
10．B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。
点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．B 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述语言学习。无论出于什么原因，无论以什么样的方式，无论从多大年龄开始，学习一种新的语言绝对不是一件容易的事情。但是当你用所学的这种新语言和别人交流，并且得到积极回应的时候，你会感到很惊喜。
11．考查形容词辨析及上下文串联。A. technical技术的；B. plitical政治的；C. practical实际的，实用的；D. physical身体的，物质的；句意：你是出于某种实际的原因而需要学习一种新语言的吗，比如工作或学习？根据列举的工作和学习，可知在询问语言学习是否因为实际需要，故C项正确。
12．考查固定搭配。A. After在…之后；B. S于是；C. Thugh尽管；D. Or或者； r perhaps“或许”。句意：或许你对另外一个国家的文学、电影、音乐感兴趣，而且你知道掌握该语言将会有很大的帮助。根据句意可知D项正确。
13．考查名词辨析。及上下文串联。A. literature文学；B. transprt交通；C. agriculture农业；D. medicine药物；由下文“films r music”可知是同一类事物，只有literature符合。故A项正确。
14．考查固定搭配。A. view风景；观点；B. knwledge知识；C. frm形式；D. database数据库；固定短语have a knwledge f the language“掌握这门语言”。故B项正确。
15．考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A. paintings油画；B. regulatins规则；C. methds方法；D. cmputer计算机；下文说传统的课堂学习是一种理想的开始方法，所以该空应该是说大家用各种方法(methds)学习。故C项正确。
16．考查动词词义辨析及上下文串联。 A. prtect保护；B. change改变；C. respect尊敬；D. prvide提供；句中They指的是前文中的“traditinal classes”，它们提供给人们学习的环境。故D项正确。
17．考查名词辨析及上下文语境。A. cntrl控制；B. cmmand命令；C. guidance指导；D. pressure压力；“在擅长这种语言的人的指导下学习”，也就是在老师的指导下学习。under the guidance f sb.“在某人的指导下”。故C项正确。
18．考查形容词辨析。A. busy忙碌的；B. happy幸福的；C. simple简单的；D. nrmal正常的；动词短语lead a． ＝ live a．“过着一种……生活”。句意：我们都过着繁忙的生活，学习语言也需要花费时间。故A项正确。
19．考查名词辨析。A. curage 勇气；B. time时间；C. energy精力；D. place地点；我们都过着繁忙的生活，学习语言也需要花费时间。故B项正确。
20．考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A. thery理论；B. business生意；C. rutine日常行为；D. prject项目；工程；由上文“study regularly”可知，我们尝试把它养成一种日常行为。故C项正确。
21．考查名词辨析。A. sme risks危险；B. a lt less大大少于…；C. sme ntes笔记；D. a lt mre多很多；句意：要学到流利的程度需要数年的时间，但只要求说得过去，时间则可以少得多。故B项正确。
22．考查形容词辨析及上下文串联。A. ld年老的；B. nervus紧张的；C. weak虚弱的；D. tired疲惫的；由下文可知，许多人放弃学习新的语言是因为他们觉得自己年龄太大了(ld)。故A项正确。
23．考查副词辨析及上下文串联。A. clsely紧密地；B. quickly快速地；C. privately私人地，隐私地；D. quietly安静地；由上文可以推断出小孩学习语言比成年人要快。故B项正确。
24．考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A. age年龄；B. speed速度；C. distance距离；D. schl学校；上文都在说小孩与成年人，所以只有age符合。at any age“在任何年龄”。故A项正确。
25．考查动词短语辨析及生活常识。动词短语wrry abut“担心”。hesitate abut“对……犹豫不决”；think abut“考虑”；quarrel abut“就……争吵”。根据常识可知，学习一种语言的时候，人们一般都担心犯错误。故A项正确。
26．考查动词辨析及上下文串联。A. singing歌唱；B. wrking工作；C. bargaining讨价还价；D. learning学习；句意：我还听说人们在学习语言时担心他们会犯错误。故D项正确。
27．考查特殊句型，“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，相当于：条件句+主句；句意：放松心态，自嘲自己的错误，这样你再次犯错的可能性就会大减。故B项正确。
28．考查形容词辨析。A. tiresme令人厌倦的；B. hard困难的；C. interesting有趣的；D. easy容易的；根据文章意思可以得知学习一种新的语言绝对是不容易的事情。故D项正确。
29．考查动词辨析。blame“责备”；amaze“使惊奇”；interrupt“打断”；infrm“通知”。句意：当你用他们自己的语言说了仅几个词，并且得到他们积极的回应时，你将会感到非常惊喜。故B项正确。
30．考查代词辨析及上下文串联。句意：当你用他们自己的语言说了仅几个词，并且得到他们积极的回应时，你将会感到非常惊喜。故B项正确。用their指代主句中的sme peple。故A项正确。
31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C
【解析】文章是新闻报道，主要讲述了外国人对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓，对于孔子的思想也越来越感兴趣这一社会现象。
31．推理判断题，由第一段“If Cnfucius (孔子) were still alive tday and culd celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake,”说如果孔子还活着话，将会用大蛋糕庆祝他的生日，可以推出是吸引读者的兴趣，故选B项。
32．推理判断题，由第四段“Students in the United States，at the same time, are racing t learn Chinese.” 与此同时，美国的学生也在竞相学习中文。可以推出美国学生对学习汉语有很大的兴趣，故选A项。
33．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由倒数后三段“S the ld thinker's ideas are still alive and well.Tday China attracts the West mre than ever, and it will need mre teachers t intrduce Cnfucius and Chinese culture t the West.As fr the ld thinker, he will nt sn be frgtten by peple in the West, even if his birthday is.”可知，因此，这位老思想家的思想仍然很活跃。今天的中国比以往任何时候都更吸引西方，它需要更多的教师来向西方介绍孔子和中国文化。至于这位老思想家，即使是他的生日，他也不会被西方人遗忘。由此可知，短文的最佳标题为“西方人也热衷学习孔子思想”。故选D项。
34．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了外国人对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓，对于孔子的思想也越来越感兴趣。由此判断出短文很有可能是新闻报道的内容。故选C项。
35．C 36．A 37．D 38．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段The meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups. A silence in a cnversatin may als shw stubbrnness, uneasiness, r wrry. 可知，沉默的含义因文化群体而异，交谈中的沉默也可能表示固执、不安或担忧。所以作者认为谈话中的沉默是有文化特性的。故选C项。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段中Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part f cmmunicating amng peple, just as sme traditinal Chinese and Thai persns d. Therefre, when a persn frm ne f these cultures is speaking and suddenly stps, what may be implied(暗示) is that the persn wants the listener t cnsider what has been said befre cntinuing可知，许多印第安人珍视沉默，认为这是人与人之间交流的基本组成部分，就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人一样。因此，当一个来自其中一种文化的人说话时突然停下来，暗示说话者想要倾听者在继续之前思考一下所说过的话。所以中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是为了让别人思考。故选A项。
37．细节理解题。根据末段末句A nurse wh understands the healing value f silence can use this understanding t assist in the care f patients 可知，了解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种了解来帮助护理病人。所以作者建议护士要用沉默来治疗病人。故选D 。
38．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The meaning f silence varies amng cultural grups”可知， 沉默的含义因文化群体而异。以及先问介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义。所以短文的最佳标题是“沉默意味着什么”。故选B 。
39．C 40．B 41．B 42．D
【解析】文章是主要讲的是探索新的教学和学习语言的方法。Electrnic Village提供了四种课程计划供用户选择。这四种课程分别针对有不同需要的人。
39．细节理解题。根据“fr students t learn vcabulary”可知答案，Nearpd软件能够为用户提供丰富的语言环境来练习词汇。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“Uses f Prezi in listening and speaking curses...”可知，Prezi为用户提供听力和口语方面的课程，其对应的房间是602。选D。
41．细节理解题。根据“Kaht sftware can be used t create grammar tests”可知，Kaht软件为用户创建语法测试，来评估用户的语法技能。选B。
42．细节理解题。根据“The presenter will use examples frm his first n-line class t explain hw any teacher can begin teaching n-line with TEO.”可知，TEO的嘉宾将使用例子来解释如何进行网络教学，时间是下午两点到三点。选C。
43．B 44．C 45．B 46．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
43．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther... when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式……当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。
44．猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dminant languages意为“强有力的语言”。故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。
46．主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。
点睛：长难句解读
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
分析：dminant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins是同位语。
句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。
47．D 48．E 49．C 50．G 51．F
【解析】本文介绍了东西方文化的起源和发展，以及它们之间的差异。
47．考查过渡句。上文说东西方文化真的有很大不同，D项说明了原因，符合语境。故选D项。
48．考查承上启下句。根据“Bth f the tw cultures are develped by rivers—the Yellw River in China and the Indus River in India”可知，中国的母亲河是黄河，而印度的母亲河则是印度河。E项与上句为承接关系，其中They指代的是黄河和印度河。故选E项。
49．考查承上启下句。C项中的these tw与上文中提到的古罗马文化和古希腊文化相对应。故选C项。
50．考查主旨句。空处为本段段首句。空后内容讲述的是东西方文化采用了不同的语言体系。这是两种文化的又一不同之处。综合选项可知，G项符合语境，引出下文。
51．考查承上启下句。根据上一句“The differences are everywhere”可知，本句应进一步论述它们的影响。分析选项可知，F项符合语境。
52．an53．which54．mnths55．fr56．mst effective57．really58．sunds
59．reading60．their61．learned
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。
52．考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”，欧宁以元音音素开头， “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。
53．考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，_______means yu'll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句，空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there’s enugh rm fr imprvement，which在句中为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语。故填which。
54．考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。mnth为可数名词，且由a few可知mnth应用复数形式。故填mnths。
55．考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enugh fr sth 对······已足够。故填介词fr。
56．考查形容词最高级。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”，因此填mst effective。
57．考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read，因此填really。
58．考查谓语动词。句意：这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it，因此用sund的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sunds.
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语yu与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while yu are reading... 的省略形式。故填reading。
60．考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰wrds，表示“已学过的词”， wrds与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。
【点睛】
语法填空分有提示词和无提示词两类。本篇语法填空题的设空有提示词的7个,无提示词的3个。因此,有提示词类是高考语法填空测试的重点。1.有提示词的都是实词,要求用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。所给词包括动词、形容词、名词和代词四类, 2.无提示词。包括（冠词、介词、连词、从句关系词）。例如：一. 动词的形态变化，即时态（重点考察一般过去时，一般现在时）、被动语态、虚拟语气、祈使句和非谓语动词（v-ing, v-ed, t d 作主语、状语、定语（前置、后置定语）等This isn’t as hard as it___7___(sund),根据前面的谓语isn’t得知描述的是一般事实，主语为第三人称it，因此用sund的一般现在时也要用第三人称单数形式。故填sunds.because yu imprve yur vcabulary while___8___(read) an interesting piece f literature.前后主语一致，逻辑主语yu与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while yu are reading... 的省略形式，省略主语和be动词。故填reading。yu will tend t use the wrds___10___(learn)this way in cnversatins almst autmatically.前面有谓语动词，划线动词和前一句没有连词，可以判定出填非谓语形式。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰wrds，表示“已学过的词”， wrds与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。
62．
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者年轻时中文差，在老师的帮助下，经过努力，最终中文变成了自己的优势。
1.考查冠词。句意：当我年轻的时候，我的中文非常差。此处Chinese指“汉语”，故把前面的the去掉。
2. 考查动名词。Be afraid f expressing myself was ne f the reasns why I rarely did well in schl.句中没有主语，动词原形be不能做主语，应该用动名词做主语，故把Be改成Being。
3. 考查定语从句。分析从句可知，从句不去补缺少句子成分，所以先行词reasns在定语从句中只能作原因状语，所以用关系副词why。故把that改为why。
4.考查虚拟语气。句意：我意识到如果我听了老师更细心的话，事情会变得更好。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，所以if条件句用过去完成时态，故在listened前加had。
5.考查副词。副词修饰动词，故把attentive改成attentively。
6.考查固定搭配。turn t sb. fr help转过身来向某人求助，故把helps改成help。
7.考查代词。句意：如果我们/你们致力于学习汉语，我们/你们就能成功。前后主语不一致，要改成一致。故把we改成yu或者把后半句的yu改为we。
8.考查比较级。我完全同意。否定词和比较级连用表示最高级的意思，故把much改成mre。
9.考查名词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故把expect改成expectatin(s)。
10.考查固定词组。be grateful t sb.对某人感激，故把fr改成t。
【点睛】
“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义，也是一种强调。I culdn’t find a better answer.这个答案是最好的。本题第8小题就是考查比较级的这一用法。
63．Dear Leslie,
I am very happy that yu have made great prgress in learning Chinese and yu are interested in Chinese culture. Nw I'll tell yu the next learning prgramme. On July 20, we are ging t learn pems f the Tang Dynasty which yu are interested in in the Lecture Hall. As a freign learner, it is difficult fr yu t understand the true meaning and the culture f them. Therefre, befre class, yu can read sme bks related t the histry f the Tang Dynasty t better appreciate the pems.
Be sure t g t the Lecture Hall n time. Yu cannt miss the wnderful pems.
Best wishes.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
随着时代的发展，电子邮件越来越受广大中学生的欢迎，所以写电子邮件是中学生经常做的事，这种形式的写作贴近学生生活，使他们感到熟悉。根据提示可知，本篇为一封信件；假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。考生成文时应注意：1. 要点要齐全：（1）时间和地点；（2）内容：学习唐诗；（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。2. 时态：以一般现在时为主；3. 人称：第二人称为主；4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
【点睛】
范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如宾语从句I am very happy that yu have made great prgress in learning Chinese and yu are interested in Chinese culture.定语从句On July 20, we are ging t learn pems f the Tang Dynasty which yu are interested in in the Lecture Hall.非谓语动词Therefre, befre class, yu can read sme bks related t the histry f the Tang Dynasty t better appreciate the pems.
全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。