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人教版 (新课标)选修9&10Unit 3 Australia单元测试课时练习
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这是一份人教版 (新课标)选修9&10Unit 3 Australia单元测试课时练习，共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，B 7，C 9，A 14，C 18，工业发展，城市化加速，耕地减少等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 3 Australia 单元测试（人教版选修9，课标通用）
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man mean?
A．He can help her for a while.
B．He will have no time to spare.
C．He'll be too busy to help her.
Text 1
W：Jack，can you help me with this work？I am too busy.
M：Sure，if it won't take too much time.
答案 A
2．What does the man think of the Betty idea?
A．Reasonable. B．Ridiculous. C．Serious.
Text 2
W：Betty has invited us to her family party.Let's...
M：You can't be serious.We'll have two important tests at school tomorrow.
答案 C
3．How many hours did the woman spend together?
A．24 hours. B．25 hours. C．41 hours.
Text 3
M：Welcome back，Susan.How about your trip?
W：It was too long.I had to spend 14 hours to New York，and then 25 hours to London.At last 2 hours back home.
答案 C
4．When will they discuss the new project?
A．Tomorrow afternoon.
B．Tomorrow morning.
C．This afternoon.
Text 4
M：Are you doing anything tomorrow morning？I'm wondering if you'd like to come to my office to discuss the new project.
W：Tomorrow morning？What about tomorrow afternoon?
M：OK.
答案 A
5．What can we learn from the conversation?
A．The man has been fooled.
B．The man's father has come.
C．The woman helped the man.
Text 5
M：Jane，my father isn't at the gate of the school.Are you joking?
W：Poor fellow！What is the date today，you know?
M：It's...Oh，it's the first of April!
W：You forgot all about it，didn't you?
答案 A
第二节：(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What is the woman attending?
A．A gathering.
B．A wedding ceremony.
C．A graduation ceremony.
7．Who has always wanted to go to Hong Kong?
A．The man. B．The woman. C．Jenny.
Text 6
W：Congratulations!
M：Thank you for attending our wedding.
W：You have made it at last.
M：Yes，I feel I'm the luckiest man on earth.
W：You surely are.Jenny is a beautiful girl.
M：She's also got the best personality.
W：Where are you going on your honeymoon?
M：We're going to Hong Kong.She has always wanted to go there.
W：Ah，Hong Kong is a good place for the newlywed.
M：Yes.
答案 6.B 7.C
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What's the woman?
A．A secretary. B．An editor. C．A teacher.
9．What do we know about the woman?
A．She's too picky.
B．She's too cautious.
C．She's too strict.
Text 7
W：James，I'm bored.
M：With what?
W：I don't want to go back to teaching.That's too boring.
M：What do you want to do，then?
W：I really don't know.
M：Do you want to be a secretary?
W：That depends on who I'll be working for.
M：What about an editor?
W：That would be too tiring.
答案 8.C 9.A
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where does Henry probably work?
A．On a train to London.
B．In an office in downtown London.
C．At a club outside London.
11．When does Henry get up every day?
A．At 6：30. B．After 6：30. C．Before 6：30.
12．How did Henry use to feel about the time spent on the train?
A．A terrible waste of time.
B．A very enjoyable time.
C．A quite relaxing time.
Text 8
W：How are things going，Henry?
M：Fine，Jane.It's a long working day but I'm used to doing that，so it doesn't trouble me too much.
W：Traveling to downtown London every day—don't you find it troublesome?
M：It was hard at first，especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6：30 train.But it's bearable now，for I'm used to it.
W：Don't you think it's a terrible waste of time？I couldn't bear to spend three hours sitting on a train every day.
M：I used to feel the same as you，but now I quite enjoy it.
W：Enjoy it？How do you pass the time?
M：In the morning I read papers to catch up with the news，on the way home at night I relax with a good book，or talk with friends or even have a game of bridge.
W：Sounds like a good club.
答案 10.B 11.C 12.A
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．When to begin driving.
B．When to be mature.
C．How to drive.
14．What's the legal age for driving in Canada at present?
A．20. B．18. C．16.
15．Why could the man's father begin to drive at the age of 12?
A．There wasn't age limit or much traffic then.
B．He was both mature and skilled enough.
C．He was a boy from the countryside.
16．How old was the woman when she began to drive?
A．20. B．18. C．16.
Text 9
W：Hey，Mike，what's the legal age for driving in Canada?
M：Well，it used to be 16 but it recently rose to 18.Do you think that's a good thing?
W：Yeah，I think it should be 18 or even 20 before you're allowed to drive.
M：Why？Don't you think at 16 you're mature enough?
W：No.Because I think at 18 you 're more responsible for your behaviour.
M：Yeah，but I drove when I was 16.
W：So did I.
M：In fact，I know my father actually began driving at 12 when there was no age limit for driving.
W：Well，there wasn't much traffic on the roads back then.Today，the traffic is so heavy and it's better to make sure the drivers are prepared and mature in case something goes wrong.
M：Yeah.I agree with you.
答案 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.C
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?
A．It's the oldest bridge in America.
B．It's the longest bridge in the world now.
C．Its design and color make it practical and beautiful.
18．What was the purpose of building the Coit Tower?
A．In memory of the brave firemen.
B．To remind us of the 1906 earthquake.
C．To show a kind of design in architecture.
19．What makes the Transamerica Building the most memorable?
A．Its height. B．Its shape. C．Its color.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A．Some famous landmarks in San Francisco.
B．The history of San Francisco.
C．The way to visit San Francisco.
Text 10
San Francisco is one of the most wellknown cities in America，mainly because the city has great weather，wonderful views，and many famous landmarks.
The most famous landmark in San Francisco is probably the Golden Gate Bridge.It's one of the longest suspension bridges in the world.The bridge was completed in 1937 and is still widely used today.The bridge has an Art Deco design and unique orange color，making it not only practical，but beautiful as well.
Another famous landmark with an Art Deco design is the Coit Tower，which is 210 feet tall.The tower was built in memory of the brave firemen who battled the Great San Francisco Fire from the 1906 earthquake.
San Francisco has many tall buildings.The most famous is the Transamerica Building，which is shaped like a pyramid.The building is not the tallest in the city，but it is definitely the most memorable.
答案 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.A
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21．It's ________good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that
gives them ________pleasure.
A．不填；a B．a；不填
C．the；a D．a；the
解析 句意：上海世博会给人们带来的“乐趣”，使他们感觉良好。根据句意，此处feeling是指具体的感觉，故应是可数名词，应用a；而给人们带来的“乐趣”是抽象概念，pleasure此处为不可数名词，故不用冠词。
答案 B
22．________fire，all exists must be kept clear.
A．In place of B．Instead of
C．In case of D．In spite of
解析 句意：为防火灾，所有疏散通道必须畅通。A、B意思相同，均为“取代，代替”；in case of以防……；in spite of尽管。
答案 C
23．On her 60th birthday________，the President made an important speech to the
whole nation.
A．congratulations B．celebrations
C．challenges D．corporations
解析 根据语境“在她的60岁生日庆典上”可知选B。congratulations祝贺某人；celebrations庆祝仪式、典礼等；challenges挑战；corporations公司，企业，团体。
答案 B
24．It took________building supplies to construct these energysaving houses.It took
brains，too.
A．other than B．more than
C．rather than D．less than
解析 考查短语辨析。句意：建造这些节能建筑不仅仅需要建筑材料，也需要智慧。other than除了；more than不只是；rather than而不是；less than少于。根据句意选B。
答案 B
25．—You mustn't play football on the street.It's dangerous.
—No，________.Thank you.
A．it's safe
B．we won't
C．it's none of your business
D．we must
解析 根据答语中的“Thank you”可知第二个人同意了第一个人的话，故用“No，we won't”，意为“好的，我们不踢了。”
答案 B
26．Now the question that you must carefully consider is________can be put into
practice.
A．how you have learned
B．how what you have learned
C．that why you have learned
D．how that you have learned
解析 句意：现在你必须认真考虑的问题是怎样把你的所学付诸实践。how引导表语从句，what you have learned是how从句中的主语。
答案 B
27．A healthy life is frequently thought to be________with the open countryside and
homegrown food.
A．tied B．bound
C．involved D．associated
解析 be associated with和……有联系。
答案 D
28．By law，when one makes a large purchase，he should have________opportunity
to change his mind.
A．accurate B．adequate
C．urgent D．excessive
解析 句意：原则上说，一个人在购买大量商品之前，他应具有更多机会以便变更他的主意。accurate精确的；adequate大量的，充足的；urgent急促的；excessive过度的，额外的。
答案 D
29．One advantage of playing the guitar is ________it can give you a great deal of
pleasure.
A．how B．why C．that D．when
解析 that引导表语从句。
答案 C
30．I hadn't wanted to see the film 2012，but Lucy talked me________buying a ticket.
A．out B．into C．over D．against
解析 talk sb into doing sth说服某人做某事。
答案 B
31．All flights to London have been delayed________thick fog.
A．owing to B．thank to
C．in virtue of D．in respect of
解析 句意：因为大雾，伦敦的所有航班被延误。owing to因为，由于。
答案 A
32．You'll need stronger evidence to________your claim to the inheritance(继承)．
A．protect B．prevent C．guard D．defend
解析 句意：你还需更有力的证据为自己的继承权辩护。defend为……辩护。
答案 D
33．John is very________－if he promises to do something，he'll do it.
A．independent B．confident
C．reliable D．flexible
解析 根据下文“如果他答应做某事，他就会把它做好”可得出他是个可信赖的人，故选择C。independent“独立的”；confident“有信心的，有把握的”；flexible“易曲的，柔软的，灵活的”。
答案 C
34．Ladies and gentlemen，please remain________until the plane has come to a
complete stop.
A．seated B．seating C．to seat D．seat
解析 考查过去分词。remain seated“坐好，坐着不动”；seated 既是过去分词，又具有形容词的特征，在句中作表语。再如：Please remain seated and keep your seat belts fastened.请坐稳并系好安全带。
答案 A
35．The art show was________being a failure; it was a great success.
A．far from B．along with
C．next to D．regardless of
解析 考查固定短语。语意：那个艺术展不但没有失败，反而是一个巨大的成功。far from“远非，不但不……”符合句意。along with与……一道；除……以外；next to紧接着；相邻；次于；regardless of不管；不顾。
答案 A
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Imagine a people whose language has no word for“marriage”or“husband”．Just such a tribe lives in the mountains of southeastern China.Lake Lugu，known as the“Country of Women”，is home to the Mosuo.It is one of the few__36__matriarchal(母系的)societies in the world which manage to __37__through thousands of years.
Mosuo culture goes around women：the women make all the important__38__，control the family's resources，and pass their__39__onto their children.__40__marrying，a Mosuo woman takes many lovers over her lifetime，and the resulting children will__41__ live with her.__42__the Mosuo language has a word for“mother”，there is__43__word for“father”and Mosuo children__44__all older men as“uncle”．
Getting to Lake Lugu isn't easy，which helped the tribe keep their customs and__45__.A generation ago，few outsiders had ever__46__Lake Lugu or the Mosuo.
But in recent years，word__47__about the value of their culture and the beauty of the lake.These reports attracted travelers and，__48__，this onceisolated paradise seems filled with tourists who've come to see the locals.Along with the visitors__49__stories of the outside world，__50__the young to leave home for the__51__in search of new opportunities.
For better or worse，the unique world of the Mosuo people is __52__.Many of the older Mosuo women__53__the old days，before the outsiders came with their strange clothing and stranger__54__.But most agree that change is necessary.And some of the younger Mosuo women are speaking openly about getting__55__，a word their grandmothers still don't understand.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了摩梭人的生活和风俗习惯，以及现代社会对他们所处的特殊世界的冲击。
36．A.lost B．left C．remaining D．imaginable
解析 考查语境理解。由上下文可知是“保存下来的母系社会之一”。remaining可作前置定语，表示“保存下来的”，而left只能作后置定语。
答案 C
37．A.survive B．leave
C．prove D．continue
解析 考查词语辨析。经过几千年“幸存”下来。
答案 A
38．A.plans B．decisions
C．clothes D．notes
解析 考查语境理解。根据前面的“Mosuo culture goes around women”可知，在摩梭人中，一切重大决定都由妇女作出。
答案 B
39．A.full names B．middle names
C．nicknames D．surnames
解析 考查生活常识。surname指“姓”，这里是说母亲把自己的“姓”传给下一代。
答案 D
40．A.Rather than B．Other than
C．More than D．Better than
解析 考查词语辨析。由下文的“a Mosuo woman takes many lovers over her lifetime”可推知，摩梭人并不结婚。rather than表示“并非，而不是”。
答案 A
41．A.never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always
解析 考查逻辑推理。从母系社会的特征可推知孩子一直跟着母亲。
答案 D
42．A.Because B．When C．Unless D．While
解析 考查行文逻辑。这句话的两个分句之间是让步关系。句意：尽管摩梭人的语言中有“母亲”一词，但却没有“父亲”。选项中只有while可表示让步。
答案 D
43．A.one B．some C．no D．proper
解析 考查行文逻辑。由上一题可推知答案。
答案 C
44．A.refer to B．make C．look D．pretend
解析 考查词语辨析。refer to sb as...相当于consider sb as...，意为“把某人称作……”。
答案 A
45．A.habits B．culture C．arts D．science
解析 考查语境理解。句意：……帮助他们保持自己的风俗和文化。
答案 B
46．A.thought of B．speak of
C．heard of D．admit of
解析 考查语境理解。此句和前句的“Getting to Lake Lugu isn't easy”相对应。句意为：一个世纪前，很少有人听说过Lake Lugu or the Mosuo。
答案 C
47．A.took out B．broke out
C．went out D．sent out
解析 考查短语辨析。消息传出来。go out意为“(消息或新闻)发布，公布”；word在此有“消息”之意。
答案 C
48．A.at times B．in no time
C．at a time D．in time
解析 考查固定搭配。at times是固定搭配，意为“有时”。
答案 A
49．A.go B．take C．bring D．come
解析 考查行文逻辑。此句是一个倒装句，正常语序应是“Stories of the outside world come along with the visitors”come along with表示“和……一起来”。
答案 D
50．A.making B．forcing
C．attracting D．advising
解析 考查词语辨析。attract表示“吸引”，attracting作后置定语修饰stories。
答案 C
51．A.villages B．cities
C．factories D．schools
解析 考查语句理解。leave...for...表示“离开……到……去”。句意：离开家到城市里去寻找机会。
答案 B
52．A.changing B．improving
C．developing D．remaining
解析 考查语境理解。由上下文可推知：摩梭人的独特世界正在发生改变。
答案 A
53．A.dislike B．hates
C．enjoy D．prefer
解析 考查逻辑推理。由下文可知：摩梭人中一些上年纪的妇女更喜欢外人来之前的生活。
答案 D
54．A.words B．styles
C．opinions D．ideas
解析 考查词语辨析。一些更奇怪的“想法”。只有D合适。
答案 D
55．A.paid B．separated C．dressed D．married
解析 考查行文逻辑。以前的摩梭妇女是不结婚的，但现在她们开始谈论这个以前从不涉及的话题。
答案 D
第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
A
Jeffrey Bezos，the founder，president and chairman of the board of Amazon.com，was born in Albuquerque，New Mexico.His mother's ancestors were early settlers in Texas，and over the generations had acquired a 25,000acre farm at Cotulla.Jeffrey spent most summers of his youth working with his grandfather on their farm.
Jeffrey showed intense and varied scientific interests at an early age.He set up an electric alarm to keep his younger sisters and brothers out of his room and changed his parents' garage into a laboratory for his science projects.
After he graduated from Princeton University with a degree in computer science and electrical engineering，Jeffrey Bezos found employment on Wall Street，where computer science was increasingly in demand to study market trends.He rose quickly，becoming a senior vice president，and looked forward to a bright career in finance，when he made a discovery that changed his life，and the course of business history.
In 1994，there was still no Internet commerce to speak of.One day that spring，Jeffrey Bezos observed that Internet usage was increasing by 2,300 percent a year.He saw an opportunity for a new circle of commerce，and immediately began considering the possibilities.
Bezos founded Amazon.com in 1994，setting up the original company in his garage.The company was called Amazon for the seemingly endless South American river with its numberless branches.It started as an online bookstore but soon diversified(多样化)to all kinds of products.His work with Amazon eventually led him to become one of the most excellent dotcom entrepreneurs(企业家)．He was named Time magazine's Person of the Year in 1999.In 2008，he was selected by U．S.News &World Report as one of America's Best Leaders.Bezos' Amazon has become“the Earth's biggest anything store”．Amazon.com is now called“one of the smartest strategies in business history”．
Today，Jeffrey Bezos lives north of Seattle and is increasingly concerned with charity(慈善)activities.“Giving away money takes as much attention as building a successful company，”he has said.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍的是Amazon公司创始人Jeffrey Bezos的传奇人生。
56．In his childhood，Bezos________.
A．had to work with parents on their farm all day long
B．showed great interest in science
C．didn't get along well with his brothers and sisters
D．wanted to become a businessman
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的内容可知他在很小的时候就对科学表现出了浓厚的兴趣。
答案 B
57．Jeffrey changed the course of business history because he________.
A．rose quickly，looking forward to a bright career in finance on Wall Street
B．observed the Internet usage was increasing by 2,300% a year
C．founded a new form of commerce that developed fast later
D．was the first to speak of Internet commerce
解析 细节理解题。第三段提到他的发现改变了他的人生，也改变了商业历史的进程，下文提到他注意到了因特网商业的巨大商机并创办了Amazon公司，由此可知原因是他后来创建了一种快速发展的新型商业模式。
答案 C
58．Bezos named his company Amazon with the aim of ________.
A．opening numberless branches all over the world
B．living a quiet life along the Amazon River
C．earning endless money and being wealthy
D．wishing his company to run smoothly and endlessly
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句中的内容可推测他以Amazon命名自己的公司是希望公司能够顺利而且永无止境地运转。
答案 D
59．Which of the following ISN'T mentioned in the passage?
A．How hard Bezos studied physics in Princeton University.
B．“Amazo.com”only sold books in the beginning.
C．Bezos not only devoted his life to Internet commerce but also to charity.
D．The reason why Jeffrey Bezos decided to found Amazon.com.
解析 细节理解题。由文章第三段前半部分可知他从普林斯顿大学毕业，但文中并没有提到他在普林斯顿大学攻读物理的刻苦程度。
答案 A
B
There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence.The first is the sort of brain he is born with.Human brains differ considerably，some being more capable than others.But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with，an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.So the second factor is what happens to the individual－the sort of environment in which he is reared.If an individual is handicapped environmentally，it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins，Peter and Mark X．Being identical，the twins had identical brains at birth，and their growth processes were the same.When the twins were three months old，their parents died，and they were placed in separate foster homes.Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities.Mark was reared in the home of welltodo parents who had been to college.He was read to as a child，sent to good schools，and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens，when they were given tests to measure their intelligence.Mark's I．Q.was 125，twentyfive points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.Given equal opportunities，the twins，having identical brains，would have tested at roughly the same level.
60．This selection can best be titled________.
A．Measuring Your Intelligence
B．Intelligence and Environment
C．The Case of Peter and Mark
D．How the Brain Influences Intelligence
解析 主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了智商与环境之间的关系，并以一对失去父母的双胞胎兄弟的实例加以证明。
答案 B
61．The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that________.
A．human brains differ considerably
B．the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence
C．environment is vital to determine a person's intelligence
D．persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence
解析 推理判断题。虽然人的智商是由两个因素决定的。但是本文用大幅篇章说明了环境的重要性：好的学习、教育环境对于一个人的智商发展来说是必不可少的，并以一对失去父母的双胞胎兄弟的实例加以证明。
答案 C
62．According to the passage，the average I．Q.is________.
A．85 B．100 C．110 D．125
解析 细节理解题。由倒数第二句“Mark's I．Q.was 125，twentyfive points higher than the average”可知选B。
答案 B
63．The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that________.
A．individual with identical brains seldom test at same level
B．an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environment
C．lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence
D．changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain.
解析 细节理解题。由Peter的例子可知糟糕的教育环境会阻碍智商的发展。
答案 C
C
“Small talk”includes topics，such as sports，weather，jobs，or past experiences.Most people do not talk about religion，politics，or personal feelings with strangers.People do not usually talk about the personal lives of their conversation partners.This emotional distance does not mean people dislike you，but personal lives are discussed only with close friends and family.
There are few“ritualistic”exchanges in English，but you should know that“How are you？”and“How's it going？”are greetings，not questions about your life.“See you later.”or“See you soon.”are ways of saying goodbye，not appointments.
People in the US are curious.They will ask you a lot of questions.Some of their questions may appear ridiculous，uninformed(无知的)and elementary，but try to be patient in answering them.You may be the first person from your country whom they have met，and they will have very little understanding of your life.Most people are sincerely interested in learning about you.
Many people believe in the“scientific method”of understanding the world，so they look for facts and evidence when you tell them something new.This may seem odd to students whose cultures emphasize feelings or emotions，but people are not rude if they say，“Show me”or“Prove it”．
Loud conversations usually mean people are angry.Most conversations are moderate in volume with few gestures.Do not speak too loudly or too quietly，and keep your hands under control.When you have communication difficulties，you may think it is because of spoken or written language.However，many misunderstandings happen because of nonverbal communication，or body language.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍跟美国人交谈时应该注意的问题，即美国人的交谈习俗。
64．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Making Conversations in the US
B．What Is“Small talk”？
C．Make Yourself at Home in the US
D．Understanding American Cultures
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍跟美国人交谈时应该注意的问题，也就是美国人的交谈习俗。B项仅是文章的细节；C项偏离了文章的中心；D项概念过大。
答案 A
65．Which of the following would be an open topic of American conversations?
A．What one feels about his new colleague.
B．The war in Iraq.
C．Story of a sports star.
D．One's income.
解析 细节理解题。根据常识可排除D项，美国人的谈话一般不涉及个人隐私的问题，如年龄、婚姻、收入等。从第一段可知，人们闲谈的话题其中包括体育方面的内容，而政治、宗教以及个人感情则不是公开谈论的话题。
答案 C
66．What should you do if Americans say，“Show me”or“Prove it”？
A．Explain to them that your cultures emphasize feelings or emotions.
B．Try to give them as many facts as possible.
C．Tell them you don't understand the“scientific method”．
D．Ignore their questions and change to another topic.
解析 推理判断题。从文章倒数第二段可知，美国人注重事实和证据，因此，你应该给他们提供一些例子以便他们更好地理解你的观点。
答案 B
D
A different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace.Someone－specifically the fatherdaughter team of Larry and Meagan Johnson－has figured out that on some American job sites，five generations are working side by side.
In their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences，it can also bring tensions and conflicts.
The Johnsons are humanresource trainers and public speakers.Dad Larry is a former healthcare executive；daughter Meagan is a onetime highlevel sales manager.
Here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify：
They call the oldest group Traditionals，born before 1945.They were heavily influenced by the lessons of the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ.They respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship，and communicate easily and confidently.But they're also stubbornly independent.They want their opinions heard.
At the other extreme are what the Johnsons call Linksters，born after 1995 into today's more complicated，multimedia world.They live and breathe technology and are often social activists.
You won't find many 15year olds in the offices of large companies，except as volunteers，of course，but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice cream stores.
The Johnsons，Larry and Meagan，represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues.The Johnsons' point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy，people of different generations are working side by side，more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.
The five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events，social trends，and the cultural phenomena of their times.Their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult，sometimes，for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.
Larry and Meagan Johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book，“Generations，Inc.：From Boomers to Linksters－Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work.”published by Amacom Press，which is available in all good bookstores from this Friday.
【语篇解读】 本文通过介绍一对父女出版的新书向我们解释了现代社会出现的一种新现象：不同的几代人可能在同一个公司上班，而他们之间的这种“代沟”导致了他们在工作时观点不一……
67．The type of generation gap in Paragraph 1 refers to the difference in
beliefs________.
A．between managers and workers
B．among family members
C．among employees
D．between older and newer companies
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句话中的in the workplace和该段最后一句话中的five generations are working side by side，可知文章中讨论的generation gap是有关在同一公司上班的员工之间的不同观念。因此C项正确。
答案 C
68．Which of the following statements is NOT true about Traditionals?
A．They've learned much from war and economic disaster.
B．They're difficult to work with as they are stubborn.
C．They respect their boss and hope to be respected.
D．They're independent workers with great confidence.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可知，所谓的Traditionals是指1945年以前出生的人。根据这一段有关这类人的描述可知，A、C、D三项都是正确的，只有B项与原文内容不符。
答案 B
69．According to the passage，the Linksters are usually________.
A．found working in the offices of large companies
B．influenced by multimedia and technology
C．enthusiastic multimedia activists
D．ice cream sellers
解析 细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知B项正确。
答案 B
70．According to the passage，modern workforces are more diverse because________.
A．people want to increase their average lifespan
B．many young people are entering the workforce
C．employees with different values can benefit their companies
D．retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons
解析 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段最后一句话可知D项正确，即由于经济的原因，退休年龄推迟，进而导致不同时代的人在一起上班。
答案 D
第二节：(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As parents，I do not believe that any of us sets out to raise a child that is disrespectful or bratty(无礼的)．Here are some helpful tips on how to raise a bratty child so that you can have a child that will be a benefit to society.
It doesn't take long for a toddler(学步儿童)to toddle right into trouble of some kind.This is the perfect time for parents to teach the child not to do that action again.__71__Helping a child to behave in an acceptable manner is a necessary part of raising the child well.Discipline is a useful teaching tool to guide a child.
I think it's necessary to explain to children what responsibility means.Responsibilities mean the things you have to do.As parents you should say to your children“If you play with your toys，It's your responsibility to put them away.”Besides，coach your children in their responsibilities.__72__
Children should use their time well.We can't let a child do the same thing again and again.When kids are bored，they can end up in trouble creating problems for themselves and others.__73__Children should be told not to waste their time and they should make full use of their time to do useful things.
The children who are eager to increase their pocket money should be taught that money does not come easily.For example，when parents buy school lunch for their children，they should put this spending into children's pocket money.If children want to get much more money，parents can ask them to cook the lunch themselves.__74__Parents should let their children know how to be in charge of their“expenses”and manage their expenditure(花费)．
__75__It is your responsibility to help and guide your kids.So，the next time you see a bratty kid remember：they didn't get that way themselves，and they have parents who didn't take time to teach them.
A．Parents should be strict with children.
B．You，the parent，whom kids rely on.
C．This process is called discipline.
D．You should encourage children to be kind.
E．I think it's very important that kids should be coached and not just lectured to.
F．Parents should encourage their children to save their pocket money.
G．Sports，activities and chores are a few things to help give kids something to fill their time.
答案 71.C 72.E 73.G 74.F 75.B
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个字漏符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多除的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In order to make best of learning materials，the Students'Union of our school is planning an activity.The schoolleavers are called on to give away our used books，newspapers or magazines to the student in the lower grades.The idea，that is intended to promote friendship and encourage a lowcarbon lifestyle，are highly praised and supported by the teachers and students alike.The activity will be hold on the first floor of the school library and so it will last eleven days，from June 10 to 20.As a student，I am strong for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.I hope that this kind of activity would continue every year for the future.
答案
In order to make best of learning materials，the Students'Union of our school is planning an activity.The schoolleavers are called on to give away used books，newspapers or magazines to the in the lower grades.The idea， is intended to promote friendship and encourage a lowcarbon lifestyle， highly praised and supported by the teachers and students alike.The activity will be on the first floor of the school library and so\ it will last eleven days，from June 10 to 20.As a student，I am for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.I hope that this kind of activity continue every year the future.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
如今世界粮食短缺，粮价飞涨，甚至致使部分地区发生动乱。假设在你校开展的研究性学习中，你们小组以“The World Food Crisis”为题进行研究，现在请你代表你们小组向全体同学简要介绍你们的研究成果。主要内容如下：
粮食短缺的原因
应对措施
你如何作出自己
的贡献
1.气候变化，造成粮食减产
1.注重环保，改善生态环境
……
2.工业发展，城市化加速，耕地减少
2.严格保护耕地
3.世界能源价格上涨，使用粮食生产生物燃料
3.富国支持穷国，促进世界和谐
注意：1.内容包括以上要点，但不要逐句翻译；
2．词数100左右；文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：城市化－urbanization，生物燃料－biofuel，节约的－thrifty。
Hello，everyone，
Now I'll tell you something about our research project“The World Food Crisis”on behalf of our group.As you know，food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas._____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Hello，everyone，
Now_I'll_tell_you_something_about_our_research_project“The_World_Food_Crisis”on_behalf_of_our_group.As_you_know，food_shortages_have_hit_many_countries_in_the_world_and_even_caused_social_unrest_in_some_areas.But who is responsible for the current world food crisis？First，annual world grain output has declined because of climate change.Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization.Besides，faced with the rising energy prices，people have turned to the production of biofuel，which has worsened the severe situation.
Then what should we do to deal with the problem？On the one hand，we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology.On the other hand，strict measures should be taken to protect farmland.Of course，to build a harmonious world，the developed countries should help the poor ones.As for me，I will call on the people around me to live thriftily.And for the moment，we should study hard to develop science and help solve the problem of food shortages in the future.
Unit 3 Australia 单元测试（人教版选修9，课标通用）
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man mean?
A．He can help her for a while.
B．He will have no time to spare.
C．He'll be too busy to help her.
Text 1
W：Jack，can you help me with this work？I am too busy.
M：Sure，if it won't take too much time.
答案 A
2．What does the man think of the Betty idea?
A．Reasonable. B．Ridiculous. C．Serious.
Text 2
W：Betty has invited us to her family party.Let's...
M：You can't be serious.We'll have two important tests at school tomorrow.
答案 C
3．How many hours did the woman spend together?
A．24 hours. B．25 hours. C．41 hours.
Text 3
M：Welcome back，Susan.How about your trip?
W：It was too long.I had to spend 14 hours to New York，and then 25 hours to London.At last 2 hours back home.
答案 C
4．When will they discuss the new project?
A．Tomorrow afternoon.
B．Tomorrow morning.
C．This afternoon.
Text 4
M：Are you doing anything tomorrow morning？I'm wondering if you'd like to come to my office to discuss the new project.
W：Tomorrow morning？What about tomorrow afternoon?
M：OK.
答案 A
5．What can we learn from the conversation?
A．The man has been fooled.
B．The man's father has come.
C．The woman helped the man.
Text 5
M：Jane，my father isn't at the gate of the school.Are you joking?
W：Poor fellow！What is the date today，you know?
M：It's...Oh，it's the first of April!
W：You forgot all about it，didn't you?
答案 A
第二节：(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What is the woman attending?
A．A gathering.
B．A wedding ceremony.
C．A graduation ceremony.
7．Who has always wanted to go to Hong Kong?
A．The man. B．The woman. C．Jenny.
Text 6
W：Congratulations!
M：Thank you for attending our wedding.
W：You have made it at last.
M：Yes，I feel I'm the luckiest man on earth.
W：You surely are.Jenny is a beautiful girl.
M：She's also got the best personality.
W：Where are you going on your honeymoon?
M：We're going to Hong Kong.She has always wanted to go there.
W：Ah，Hong Kong is a good place for the newlywed.
M：Yes.
答案 6.B 7.C
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What's the woman?
A．A secretary. B．An editor. C．A teacher.
9．What do we know about the woman?
A．She's too picky.
B．She's too cautious.
C．She's too strict.
Text 7
W：James，I'm bored.
M：With what?
W：I don't want to go back to teaching.That's too boring.
M：What do you want to do，then?
W：I really don't know.
M：Do you want to be a secretary?
W：That depends on who I'll be working for.
M：What about an editor?
W：That would be too tiring.
答案 8.C 9.A
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where does Henry probably work?
A．On a train to London.
B．In an office in downtown London.
C．At a club outside London.
11．When does Henry get up every day?
A．At 6：30. B．After 6：30. C．Before 6：30.
12．How did Henry use to feel about the time spent on the train?
A．A terrible waste of time.
B．A very enjoyable time.
C．A quite relaxing time.
Text 8
W：How are things going，Henry?
M：Fine，Jane.It's a long working day but I'm used to doing that，so it doesn't trouble me too much.
W：Traveling to downtown London every day—don't you find it troublesome?
M：It was hard at first，especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6：30 train.But it's bearable now，for I'm used to it.
W：Don't you think it's a terrible waste of time？I couldn't bear to spend three hours sitting on a train every day.
M：I used to feel the same as you，but now I quite enjoy it.
W：Enjoy it？How do you pass the time?
M：In the morning I read papers to catch up with the news，on the way home at night I relax with a good book，or talk with friends or even have a game of bridge.
W：Sounds like a good club.
答案 10.B 11.C 12.A
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．When to begin driving.
B．When to be mature.
C．How to drive.
14．What's the legal age for driving in Canada at present?
A．20. B．18. C．16.
15．Why could the man's father begin to drive at the age of 12?
A．There wasn't age limit or much traffic then.
B．He was both mature and skilled enough.
C．He was a boy from the countryside.
16．How old was the woman when she began to drive?
A．20. B．18. C．16.
Text 9
W：Hey，Mike，what's the legal age for driving in Canada?
M：Well，it used to be 16 but it recently rose to 18.Do you think that's a good thing?
W：Yeah，I think it should be 18 or even 20 before you're allowed to drive.
M：Why？Don't you think at 16 you're mature enough?
W：No.Because I think at 18 you 're more responsible for your behaviour.
M：Yeah，but I drove when I was 16.
W：So did I.
M：In fact，I know my father actually began driving at 12 when there was no age limit for driving.
W：Well，there wasn't much traffic on the roads back then.Today，the traffic is so heavy and it's better to make sure the drivers are prepared and mature in case something goes wrong.
M：Yeah.I agree with you.
答案 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.C
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?
A．It's the oldest bridge in America.
B．It's the longest bridge in the world now.
C．Its design and color make it practical and beautiful.
18．What was the purpose of building the Coit Tower?
A．In memory of the brave firemen.
B．To remind us of the 1906 earthquake.
C．To show a kind of design in architecture.
19．What makes the Transamerica Building the most memorable?
A．Its height. B．Its shape. C．Its color.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A．Some famous landmarks in San Francisco.
B．The history of San Francisco.
C．The way to visit San Francisco.
Text 10
San Francisco is one of the most wellknown cities in America，mainly because the city has great weather，wonderful views，and many famous landmarks.
The most famous landmark in San Francisco is probably the Golden Gate Bridge.It's one of the longest suspension bridges in the world.The bridge was completed in 1937 and is still widely used today.The bridge has an Art Deco design and unique orange color，making it not only practical，but beautiful as well.
Another famous landmark with an Art Deco design is the Coit Tower，which is 210 feet tall.The tower was built in memory of the brave firemen who battled the Great San Francisco Fire from the 1906 earthquake.
San Francisco has many tall buildings.The most famous is the Transamerica Building，which is shaped like a pyramid.The building is not the tallest in the city，but it is definitely the most memorable.
答案 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.A
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21．It's ________good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that
gives them ________pleasure.
A．不填；a B．a；不填
C．the；a D．a；the
解析 句意：上海世博会给人们带来的“乐趣”，使他们感觉良好。根据句意，此处feeling是指具体的感觉，故应是可数名词，应用a；而给人们带来的“乐趣”是抽象概念，pleasure此处为不可数名词，故不用冠词。
答案 B
22．________fire，all exists must be kept clear.
A．In place of B．Instead of
C．In case of D．In spite of
解析 句意：为防火灾，所有疏散通道必须畅通。A、B意思相同，均为“取代，代替”；in case of以防……；in spite of尽管。
答案 C
23．On her 60th birthday________，the President made an important speech to the
whole nation.
A．congratulations B．celebrations
C．challenges D．corporations
解析 根据语境“在她的60岁生日庆典上”可知选B。congratulations祝贺某人；celebrations庆祝仪式、典礼等；challenges挑战；corporations公司，企业，团体。
答案 B
24．It took________building supplies to construct these energysaving houses.It took
brains，too.
A．other than B．more than
C．rather than D．less than
解析 考查短语辨析。句意：建造这些节能建筑不仅仅需要建筑材料，也需要智慧。other than除了；more than不只是；rather than而不是；less than少于。根据句意选B。
答案 B
25．—You mustn't play football on the street.It's dangerous.
—No，________.Thank you.
A．it's safe
B．we won't
C．it's none of your business
D．we must
解析 根据答语中的“Thank you”可知第二个人同意了第一个人的话，故用“No，we won't”，意为“好的，我们不踢了。”
答案 B
26．Now the question that you must carefully consider is________can be put into
practice.
A．how you have learned
B．how what you have learned
C．that why you have learned
D．how that you have learned
解析 句意：现在你必须认真考虑的问题是怎样把你的所学付诸实践。how引导表语从句，what you have learned是how从句中的主语。
答案 B
27．A healthy life is frequently thought to be________with the open countryside and
homegrown food.
A．tied B．bound
C．involved D．associated
解析 be associated with和……有联系。
答案 D
28．By law，when one makes a large purchase，he should have________opportunity
to change his mind.
A．accurate B．adequate
C．urgent D．excessive
解析 句意：原则上说，一个人在购买大量商品之前，他应具有更多机会以便变更他的主意。accurate精确的；adequate大量的，充足的；urgent急促的；excessive过度的，额外的。
答案 D
29．One advantage of playing the guitar is ________it can give you a great deal of
pleasure.
A．how B．why C．that D．when
解析 that引导表语从句。
答案 C
30．I hadn't wanted to see the film 2012，but Lucy talked me________buying a ticket.
A．out B．into C．over D．against
解析 talk sb into doing sth说服某人做某事。
答案 B
31．All flights to London have been delayed________thick fog.
A．owing to B．thank to
C．in virtue of D．in respect of
解析 句意：因为大雾，伦敦的所有航班被延误。owing to因为，由于。
答案 A
32．You'll need stronger evidence to________your claim to the inheritance(继承)．
A．protect B．prevent C．guard D．defend
解析 句意：你还需更有力的证据为自己的继承权辩护。defend为……辩护。
答案 D
33．John is very________－if he promises to do something，he'll do it.
A．independent B．confident
C．reliable D．flexible
解析 根据下文“如果他答应做某事，他就会把它做好”可得出他是个可信赖的人，故选择C。independent“独立的”；confident“有信心的，有把握的”；flexible“易曲的，柔软的，灵活的”。
答案 C
34．Ladies and gentlemen，please remain________until the plane has come to a
complete stop.
A．seated B．seating C．to seat D．seat
解析 考查过去分词。remain seated“坐好，坐着不动”；seated 既是过去分词，又具有形容词的特征，在句中作表语。再如：Please remain seated and keep your seat belts fastened.请坐稳并系好安全带。
答案 A
35．The art show was________being a failure; it was a great success.
A．far from B．along with
C．next to D．regardless of
解析 考查固定短语。语意：那个艺术展不但没有失败，反而是一个巨大的成功。far from“远非，不但不……”符合句意。along with与……一道；除……以外；next to紧接着；相邻；次于；regardless of不管；不顾。
答案 A
第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Imagine a people whose language has no word for“marriage”or“husband”．Just such a tribe lives in the mountains of southeastern China.Lake Lugu，known as the“Country of Women”，is home to the Mosuo.It is one of the few__36__matriarchal(母系的)societies in the world which manage to __37__through thousands of years.
Mosuo culture goes around women：the women make all the important__38__，control the family's resources，and pass their__39__onto their children.__40__marrying，a Mosuo woman takes many lovers over her lifetime，and the resulting children will__41__ live with her.__42__the Mosuo language has a word for“mother”，there is__43__word for“father”and Mosuo children__44__all older men as“uncle”．
Getting to Lake Lugu isn't easy，which helped the tribe keep their customs and__45__.A generation ago，few outsiders had ever__46__Lake Lugu or the Mosuo.
But in recent years，word__47__about the value of their culture and the beauty of the lake.These reports attracted travelers and，__48__，this onceisolated paradise seems filled with tourists who've come to see the locals.Along with the visitors__49__stories of the outside world，__50__the young to leave home for the__51__in search of new opportunities.
For better or worse，the unique world of the Mosuo people is __52__.Many of the older Mosuo women__53__the old days，before the outsiders came with their strange clothing and stranger__54__.But most agree that change is necessary.And some of the younger Mosuo women are speaking openly about getting__55__，a word their grandmothers still don't understand.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了摩梭人的生活和风俗习惯，以及现代社会对他们所处的特殊世界的冲击。
36．A.lost B．left C．remaining D．imaginable
解析 考查语境理解。由上下文可知是“保存下来的母系社会之一”。remaining可作前置定语，表示“保存下来的”，而left只能作后置定语。
答案 C
37．A.survive B．leave
C．prove D．continue
解析 考查词语辨析。经过几千年“幸存”下来。
答案 A
38．A.plans B．decisions
C．clothes D．notes
解析 考查语境理解。根据前面的“Mosuo culture goes around women”可知，在摩梭人中，一切重大决定都由妇女作出。
答案 B
39．A.full names B．middle names
C．nicknames D．surnames
解析 考查生活常识。surname指“姓”，这里是说母亲把自己的“姓”传给下一代。
答案 D
40．A.Rather than B．Other than
C．More than D．Better than
解析 考查词语辨析。由下文的“a Mosuo woman takes many lovers over her lifetime”可推知，摩梭人并不结婚。rather than表示“并非，而不是”。
答案 A
41．A.never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always
解析 考查逻辑推理。从母系社会的特征可推知孩子一直跟着母亲。
答案 D
42．A.Because B．When C．Unless D．While
解析 考查行文逻辑。这句话的两个分句之间是让步关系。句意：尽管摩梭人的语言中有“母亲”一词，但却没有“父亲”。选项中只有while可表示让步。
答案 D
43．A.one B．some C．no D．proper
解析 考查行文逻辑。由上一题可推知答案。
答案 C
44．A.refer to B．make C．look D．pretend
解析 考查词语辨析。refer to sb as...相当于consider sb as...，意为“把某人称作……”。
答案 A
45．A.habits B．culture C．arts D．science
解析 考查语境理解。句意：……帮助他们保持自己的风俗和文化。
答案 B
46．A.thought of B．speak of
C．heard of D．admit of
解析 考查语境理解。此句和前句的“Getting to Lake Lugu isn't easy”相对应。句意为：一个世纪前，很少有人听说过Lake Lugu or the Mosuo。
答案 C
47．A.took out B．broke out
C．went out D．sent out
解析 考查短语辨析。消息传出来。go out意为“(消息或新闻)发布，公布”；word在此有“消息”之意。
答案 C
48．A.at times B．in no time
C．at a time D．in time
解析 考查固定搭配。at times是固定搭配，意为“有时”。
答案 A
49．A.go B．take C．bring D．come
解析 考查行文逻辑。此句是一个倒装句，正常语序应是“Stories of the outside world come along with the visitors”come along with表示“和……一起来”。
答案 D
50．A.making B．forcing
C．attracting D．advising
解析 考查词语辨析。attract表示“吸引”，attracting作后置定语修饰stories。
答案 C
51．A.villages B．cities
C．factories D．schools
解析 考查语句理解。leave...for...表示“离开……到……去”。句意：离开家到城市里去寻找机会。
答案 B
52．A.changing B．improving
C．developing D．remaining
解析 考查语境理解。由上下文可推知：摩梭人的独特世界正在发生改变。
答案 A
53．A.dislike B．hates
C．enjoy D．prefer
解析 考查逻辑推理。由下文可知：摩梭人中一些上年纪的妇女更喜欢外人来之前的生活。
答案 D
54．A.words B．styles
C．opinions D．ideas
解析 考查词语辨析。一些更奇怪的“想法”。只有D合适。
答案 D
55．A.paid B．separated C．dressed D．married
解析 考查行文逻辑。以前的摩梭妇女是不结婚的，但现在她们开始谈论这个以前从不涉及的话题。
答案 D
第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
A
Jeffrey Bezos，the founder，president and chairman of the board of Amazon.com，was born in Albuquerque，New Mexico.His mother's ancestors were early settlers in Texas，and over the generations had acquired a 25,000acre farm at Cotulla.Jeffrey spent most summers of his youth working with his grandfather on their farm.
Jeffrey showed intense and varied scientific interests at an early age.He set up an electric alarm to keep his younger sisters and brothers out of his room and changed his parents' garage into a laboratory for his science projects.
After he graduated from Princeton University with a degree in computer science and electrical engineering，Jeffrey Bezos found employment on Wall Street，where computer science was increasingly in demand to study market trends.He rose quickly，becoming a senior vice president，and looked forward to a bright career in finance，when he made a discovery that changed his life，and the course of business history.
In 1994，there was still no Internet commerce to speak of.One day that spring，Jeffrey Bezos observed that Internet usage was increasing by 2,300 percent a year.He saw an opportunity for a new circle of commerce，and immediately began considering the possibilities.
Bezos founded Amazon.com in 1994，setting up the original company in his garage.The company was called Amazon for the seemingly endless South American river with its numberless branches.It started as an online bookstore but soon diversified(多样化)to all kinds of products.His work with Amazon eventually led him to become one of the most excellent dotcom entrepreneurs(企业家)．He was named Time magazine's Person of the Year in 1999.In 2008，he was selected by U．S.News &World Report as one of America's Best Leaders.Bezos' Amazon has become“the Earth's biggest anything store”．Amazon.com is now called“one of the smartest strategies in business history”．
Today，Jeffrey Bezos lives north of Seattle and is increasingly concerned with charity(慈善)activities.“Giving away money takes as much attention as building a successful company，”he has said.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍的是Amazon公司创始人Jeffrey Bezos的传奇人生。
56．In his childhood，Bezos________.
A．had to work with parents on their farm all day long
B．showed great interest in science
C．didn't get along well with his brothers and sisters
D．wanted to become a businessman
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的内容可知他在很小的时候就对科学表现出了浓厚的兴趣。
答案 B
57．Jeffrey changed the course of business history because he________.
A．rose quickly，looking forward to a bright career in finance on Wall Street
B．observed the Internet usage was increasing by 2,300% a year
C．founded a new form of commerce that developed fast later
D．was the first to speak of Internet commerce
解析 细节理解题。第三段提到他的发现改变了他的人生，也改变了商业历史的进程，下文提到他注意到了因特网商业的巨大商机并创办了Amazon公司，由此可知原因是他后来创建了一种快速发展的新型商业模式。
答案 C
58．Bezos named his company Amazon with the aim of ________.
A．opening numberless branches all over the world
B．living a quiet life along the Amazon River
C．earning endless money and being wealthy
D．wishing his company to run smoothly and endlessly
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句中的内容可推测他以Amazon命名自己的公司是希望公司能够顺利而且永无止境地运转。
答案 D
59．Which of the following ISN'T mentioned in the passage?
A．How hard Bezos studied physics in Princeton University.
B．“Amazo.com”only sold books in the beginning.
C．Bezos not only devoted his life to Internet commerce but also to charity.
D．The reason why Jeffrey Bezos decided to found Amazon.com.
解析 细节理解题。由文章第三段前半部分可知他从普林斯顿大学毕业，但文中并没有提到他在普林斯顿大学攻读物理的刻苦程度。
答案 A
B
There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence.The first is the sort of brain he is born with.Human brains differ considerably，some being more capable than others.But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with，an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.So the second factor is what happens to the individual－the sort of environment in which he is reared.If an individual is handicapped environmentally，it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins，Peter and Mark X．Being identical，the twins had identical brains at birth，and their growth processes were the same.When the twins were three months old，their parents died，and they were placed in separate foster homes.Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities.Mark was reared in the home of welltodo parents who had been to college.He was read to as a child，sent to good schools，and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens，when they were given tests to measure their intelligence.Mark's I．Q.was 125，twentyfive points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.Given equal opportunities，the twins，having identical brains，would have tested at roughly the same level.
60．This selection can best be titled________.
A．Measuring Your Intelligence
B．Intelligence and Environment
C．The Case of Peter and Mark
D．How the Brain Influences Intelligence
解析 主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了智商与环境之间的关系，并以一对失去父母的双胞胎兄弟的实例加以证明。
答案 B
61．The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that________.
A．human brains differ considerably
B．the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence
C．environment is vital to determine a person's intelligence
D．persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence
解析 推理判断题。虽然人的智商是由两个因素决定的。但是本文用大幅篇章说明了环境的重要性：好的学习、教育环境对于一个人的智商发展来说是必不可少的，并以一对失去父母的双胞胎兄弟的实例加以证明。
答案 C
62．According to the passage，the average I．Q.is________.
A．85 B．100 C．110 D．125
解析 细节理解题。由倒数第二句“Mark's I．Q.was 125，twentyfive points higher than the average”可知选B。
答案 B
63．The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that________.
A．individual with identical brains seldom test at same level
B．an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environment
C．lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence
D．changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain.
解析 细节理解题。由Peter的例子可知糟糕的教育环境会阻碍智商的发展。
答案 C
C
“Small talk”includes topics，such as sports，weather，jobs，or past experiences.Most people do not talk about religion，politics，or personal feelings with strangers.People do not usually talk about the personal lives of their conversation partners.This emotional distance does not mean people dislike you，but personal lives are discussed only with close friends and family.
There are few“ritualistic”exchanges in English，but you should know that“How are you？”and“How's it going？”are greetings，not questions about your life.“See you later.”or“See you soon.”are ways of saying goodbye，not appointments.
People in the US are curious.They will ask you a lot of questions.Some of their questions may appear ridiculous，uninformed(无知的)and elementary，but try to be patient in answering them.You may be the first person from your country whom they have met，and they will have very little understanding of your life.Most people are sincerely interested in learning about you.
Many people believe in the“scientific method”of understanding the world，so they look for facts and evidence when you tell them something new.This may seem odd to students whose cultures emphasize feelings or emotions，but people are not rude if they say，“Show me”or“Prove it”．
Loud conversations usually mean people are angry.Most conversations are moderate in volume with few gestures.Do not speak too loudly or too quietly，and keep your hands under control.When you have communication difficulties，you may think it is because of spoken or written language.However，many misunderstandings happen because of nonverbal communication，or body language.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍跟美国人交谈时应该注意的问题，即美国人的交谈习俗。
64．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Making Conversations in the US
B．What Is“Small talk”？
C．Make Yourself at Home in the US
D．Understanding American Cultures
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍跟美国人交谈时应该注意的问题，也就是美国人的交谈习俗。B项仅是文章的细节；C项偏离了文章的中心；D项概念过大。
答案 A
65．Which of the following would be an open topic of American conversations?
A．What one feels about his new colleague.
B．The war in Iraq.
C．Story of a sports star.
D．One's income.
解析 细节理解题。根据常识可排除D项，美国人的谈话一般不涉及个人隐私的问题，如年龄、婚姻、收入等。从第一段可知，人们闲谈的话题其中包括体育方面的内容，而政治、宗教以及个人感情则不是公开谈论的话题。
答案 C
66．What should you do if Americans say，“Show me”or“Prove it”？
A．Explain to them that your cultures emphasize feelings or emotions.
B．Try to give them as many facts as possible.
C．Tell them you don't understand the“scientific method”．
D．Ignore their questions and change to another topic.
解析 推理判断题。从文章倒数第二段可知，美国人注重事实和证据，因此，你应该给他们提供一些例子以便他们更好地理解你的观点。
答案 B
D
A different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace.Someone－specifically the fatherdaughter team of Larry and Meagan Johnson－has figured out that on some American job sites，five generations are working side by side.
In their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences，it can also bring tensions and conflicts.
The Johnsons are humanresource trainers and public speakers.Dad Larry is a former healthcare executive；daughter Meagan is a onetime highlevel sales manager.
Here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify：
They call the oldest group Traditionals，born before 1945.They were heavily influenced by the lessons of the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ.They respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship，and communicate easily and confidently.But they're also stubbornly independent.They want their opinions heard.
At the other extreme are what the Johnsons call Linksters，born after 1995 into today's more complicated，multimedia world.They live and breathe technology and are often social activists.
You won't find many 15year olds in the offices of large companies，except as volunteers，of course，but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice cream stores.
The Johnsons，Larry and Meagan，represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues.The Johnsons' point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy，people of different generations are working side by side，more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.
The five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events，social trends，and the cultural phenomena of their times.Their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult，sometimes，for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.
Larry and Meagan Johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book，“Generations，Inc.：From Boomers to Linksters－Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work.”published by Amacom Press，which is available in all good bookstores from this Friday.
【语篇解读】 本文通过介绍一对父女出版的新书向我们解释了现代社会出现的一种新现象：不同的几代人可能在同一个公司上班，而他们之间的这种“代沟”导致了他们在工作时观点不一……
67．The type of generation gap in Paragraph 1 refers to the difference in
beliefs________.
A．between managers and workers
B．among family members
C．among employees
D．between older and newer companies
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句话中的in the workplace和该段最后一句话中的five generations are working side by side，可知文章中讨论的generation gap是有关在同一公司上班的员工之间的不同观念。因此C项正确。
答案 C
68．Which of the following statements is NOT true about Traditionals?
A．They've learned much from war and economic disaster.
B．They're difficult to work with as they are stubborn.
C．They respect their boss and hope to be respected.
D．They're independent workers with great confidence.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可知，所谓的Traditionals是指1945年以前出生的人。根据这一段有关这类人的描述可知，A、C、D三项都是正确的，只有B项与原文内容不符。
答案 B
69．According to the passage，the Linksters are usually________.
A．found working in the offices of large companies
B．influenced by multimedia and technology
C．enthusiastic multimedia activists
D．ice cream sellers
解析 细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知B项正确。
答案 B
70．According to the passage，modern workforces are more diverse because________.
A．people want to increase their average lifespan
B．many young people are entering the workforce
C．employees with different values can benefit their companies
D．retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons
解析 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段最后一句话可知D项正确，即由于经济的原因，退休年龄推迟，进而导致不同时代的人在一起上班。
答案 D
第二节：(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As parents，I do not believe that any of us sets out to raise a child that is disrespectful or bratty(无礼的)．Here are some helpful tips on how to raise a bratty child so that you can have a child that will be a benefit to society.
It doesn't take long for a toddler(学步儿童)to toddle right into trouble of some kind.This is the perfect time for parents to teach the child not to do that action again.__71__Helping a child to behave in an acceptable manner is a necessary part of raising the child well.Discipline is a useful teaching tool to guide a child.
I think it's necessary to explain to children what responsibility means.Responsibilities mean the things you have to do.As parents you should say to your children“If you play with your toys，It's your responsibility to put them away.”Besides，coach your children in their responsibilities.__72__
Children should use their time well.We can't let a child do the same thing again and again.When kids are bored，they can end up in trouble creating problems for themselves and others.__73__Children should be told not to waste their time and they should make full use of their time to do useful things.
The children who are eager to increase their pocket money should be taught that money does not come easily.For example，when parents buy school lunch for their children，they should put this spending into children's pocket money.If children want to get much more money，parents can ask them to cook the lunch themselves.__74__Parents should let their children know how to be in charge of their“expenses”and manage their expenditure(花费)．
__75__It is your responsibility to help and guide your kids.So，the next time you see a bratty kid remember：they didn't get that way themselves，and they have parents who didn't take time to teach them.
A．Parents should be strict with children.
B．You，the parent，whom kids rely on.
C．This process is called discipline.
D．You should encourage children to be kind.
E．I think it's very important that kids should be coached and not just lectured to.
F．Parents should encourage their children to save their pocket money.
G．Sports，activities and chores are a few things to help give kids something to fill their time.
答案 71.C 72.E 73.G 74.F 75.B
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个字漏符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多除的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In order to make best of learning materials，the Students'Union of our school is planning an activity.The schoolleavers are called on to give away our used books，newspapers or magazines to the student in the lower grades.The idea，that is intended to promote friendship and encourage a lowcarbon lifestyle，are highly praised and supported by the teachers and students alike.The activity will be hold on the first floor of the school library and so it will last eleven days，from June 10 to 20.As a student，I am strong for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.I hope that this kind of activity would continue every year for the future.
答案
In order to make best of learning materials，the Students'Union of our school is planning an activity.The schoolleavers are called on to give away used books，newspapers or magazines to the in the lower grades.The idea， is intended to promote friendship and encourage a lowcarbon lifestyle， highly praised and supported by the teachers and students alike.The activity will be on the first floor of the school library and so\ it will last eleven days，from June 10 to 20.As a student，I am for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.I hope that this kind of activity continue every year the future.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
如今世界粮食短缺，粮价飞涨，甚至致使部分地区发生动乱。假设在你校开展的研究性学习中，你们小组以“The World Food Crisis”为题进行研究，现在请你代表你们小组向全体同学简要介绍你们的研究成果。主要内容如下：
粮食短缺的原因
应对措施
你如何作出自己
的贡献
1.气候变化，造成粮食减产
1.注重环保，改善生态环境
……
2.工业发展，城市化加速，耕地减少
2.严格保护耕地
3.世界能源价格上涨，使用粮食生产生物燃料
3.富国支持穷国，促进世界和谐
注意：1.内容包括以上要点，但不要逐句翻译；
2．词数100左右；文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：城市化－urbanization，生物燃料－biofuel，节约的－thrifty。
Hello，everyone，
Now I'll tell you something about our research project“The World Food Crisis”on behalf of our group.As you know，food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas._____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Hello，everyone，
Now_I'll_tell_you_something_about_our_research_project“The_World_Food_Crisis”on_behalf_of_our_group.As_you_know，food_shortages_have_hit_many_countries_in_the_world_and_even_caused_social_unrest_in_some_areas.But who is responsible for the current world food crisis？First，annual world grain output has declined because of climate change.Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization.Besides，faced with the rising energy prices，people have turned to the production of biofuel，which has worsened the severe situation.
Then what should we do to deal with the problem？On the one hand，we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology.On the other hand，strict measures should be taken to protect farmland.Of course，to build a harmonious world，the developed countries should help the poor ones.As for me，I will call on the people around me to live thriftily.And for the moment，we should study hard to develop science and help solve the problem of food shortages in the future.
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