2021届高考英语阅读高频词汇复习（一) 学案
展开2021高考英语阅读高频词汇复习（一）
目录 | 内容 |
Exercise 1 | 阅读高频词汇梳理与解析 |
Exercise 2 | 高考英语阅读理解练习 |
Exercise 3 | 新题型写作练习 |
Exercise 1：高频词汇梳理与解析
1．abundant a. 丰富的, 充裕的, 大量的
2．abuse v. 滥用,虐待；谩骂
3．academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的
4．academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会
5．adapt vi. 适应, 适合；改编, 改写 vt. 使适应
6．adopt v. 收养；采用；采纳
7．bachelor n. 学士, 学士学位；单身汉
8．barrier n. 障碍；棚栏
9．battery n. 电池（组）
10．career n. 生涯, 职业
11．cargo n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物
12．casual a. 随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的
13．decay vi. 腐烂, 腐朽
14．decent a. 像样的, 体面的
15．delay vt./n. 推迟, 延误, 耽搁
16．excess n. 过分, 过量, 过剩
17．expel v. 驱逐, 开除, 赶出
18．extent n. 程度, 范围, 大小, 限度
19．exterior n. 外部, 外表 a. 外部的, 外表的
20．external a. 外部的, 外表的, 外面的
21．oblige v. 迫使；责成；使感激
22．obscure a. 阴暗, 模糊
23．optics n. （单、复数同形）光学
24．oral a. 口头的, 口述的, 口的
25．organ n. 器官, 风琴
26．petrol n. 汽油
27．petroleum n. 石油
28．preserve v. 保护, 保存, 保持, 维持
29．route n. 路；路线；航线
30．ruin v. 毁坏, 破坏 n. 毁灭 [pl.]废墟
31．sake n. 缘故, 理由
32．satellite n. 卫星
33．scale n. 大小, 规模；等级；刻度
34．tedious a. 乏味道, 单调的
35．temple n. 庙宇
Exercise 2 高考英语阅读理解练习
The police recently caught the suspected Golden State Killer using a tool they could only have dreamed of decades ago,when a shocking series of murders shook California: a database filled with people’s genetic data(基因数据).
The police used an open-source database called GEDmatch to find relatives who matched the genetic material taken from an old crime scene, then worked backward to identify and catch 72-year-old former police officer Joseph James DeAngelo.
GEDmatch’s 950,000 users voluntarily uploaded and shared their genetic information, making it accessible to others who share their own data—including law enforcement agencies(执法机关). More than a dozen other similar platforms also exist. “If your relatives have contributed and you are part of even a family tree that appears online in one of these shared resources, you can be indirectly tracked through the combination of their DNA and the publicly available family history,” says Dr. Robert Green, a medical geneticist at Harvard Medical School.
Data sent to commercial companies like 23andMe, which has over 5 million customers, is much tougher for outsiders to access, but the case has still highlighted the issue of genetic privacy.
Although many genetic-testing companies have been asked to cooperate in legal investigations(调查), and clearly warn customers of this possibility, not all requests are honored. “23andMe has never given customer information to law enforcement officers,” a company representative told TIME.
The risks of keeping such sensitive data private are high. The potential for abuse exists;for example, insurance companies could theoretically use genetic data to refuse coverage(保险范围), Green says. But the systems in place to prevent misuse appear to be working. One is the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, a 2008 law that protects consumers from employment and insurance discrimination related to genetics. As long as that’s the case, Green says, the good of genetic tests outweighs the bad.
Sharon Zehe, a lawyer for the department of laboratory medicine and pathology at the Mayo Clinic, takes a more cautious approach. “Family tree services can be fun, but make sure you are using a reputable organization that has strong privacy policies in place,” she says. “Genetic data is 1biologically as important as a fingerprint.”
1.Who is the Golden State Killer?
A.Robert Green. B.Joseph James DeAngelo.
C.The author. D.Sharon Zehe.
2.What drove the users to upload their genetic data?
A.The police’s force. B.Their relatives’ advice.
C.The boss’s order. D.Their own willingness.
3.Who might misuse customers’ genetic data?
A.The police. B.GEDmatch.
C.Insurance companies. D.23andMe.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.Genetic data is equal to a fingerprint.
B.A 72-year-old killer was put into prison.
C.Murders cause concern for genetic privacy.
D.Genetic information is shared on the Internet.
参考答案：BDCC
Exercise 3 新题型写作练习
Jenny was a pretty eight-year-old girl.
One day when she and her mother were checking out at the grocery store, Jenny saw a plastic pearl necklace, by which she was totally defeated. How eagerly she wanted it! But when she saw the price, her heart sank a little. She gathered up her courage and asked her mother if she would buy it for her. Her mother said, “Well, it is a pretty necklace, but it costs an awful lot of money. I can buy you the necklace, but when we get home, we should make up a list of housework that you can do to pay for the necklace.” Jenny agreed immediately, feeling a burst of joy. So her mother bought the pearl necklace for her. Jenny worked on her housework determinedly and earnestly every day. Soon Jenny paid off the pearls.
Jenny had a very loving daddy. When Jenny went to bed, he would read Jenny her favorite story. One night when he finished the story, he said, “Jenny, do you love me?” “Oh, yes, Daddy, you know I love you.” the little girl said delightedly, with a broad smile on her face. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” Hearing that, Jenny froze there, an anxious expression twisting her face. “Oh! Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Rosy, my favorite doll. Remember her? You gave her to me last year for my birthday. Okay?” “Oh no, darling, that’s okay.” Her father brushed her cheek with a kiss, gently and calmly. “Good night, little one.”
A week later, her father once again asked Jenny after her story, “Do you love me?” “Oh yes, Daddy, you know I love you.” the little girl murmured softly, trying to escape from her father’s eyes. “Well, then, give me your pearls.” “Oh, Daddy, not my pearls! But you can have Ribbons, my toy horse. Do you remember her? She is my favorite.” The little girl begged. “No, that’s okay,” her father said, smiling broadly and sweetly and brushed her cheek again with a kiss. “God bless you, little one. Sweet dreams.”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Several days later, when Jenny’s father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed.
Paragraph 2：
Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 1：
Several days later, when Jenny’s father came in to read her story, Jenny was waiting anxiously for him on the bed. When listening to the story, Jenny was totally absent-minded, with her hands holding the necklace tightly and firmly. When the story came to an end, unexpectedly, Jenny offered her beloved necklace to her father, with her fingers trembling automatically. No one knew what the necklace meant to her. She whispered to her father, softly and gently, “Daddy, you know I love you more than the necklace.” Then, the necklace slid into her father’s hands determinedly.
Paragraph 2：
Holding the plastic pearl his daughter offered, the father dragged out a blue box. Much to Jenny’s amazement, a beautiful real pearl necklace lay peacefully in the box, which set her heart racing. Jenny froze there, a thrilled expression twisting her face. Before Jenny was able to say something, her father brushed a warm kiss on her face and gathered her into his arms. Holding the genuine necklace in her hand, Jenny lifted her lip, tears beginning to blur her vision.
