(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修1 Unit 1　能力提升题组训练（B）(含解析)

www.ks5u.com能力提升题组训练(B)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

There was a young girl who was raised in circumstances where three meals a day was a luxury.Her family was so poor that she couldn’t afford footwear or books.She would wear overly long dresses to school so her classmates wouldn’t notice her bare feet.

Her father had old fashioned ideas about how sons vs.daughters should be raised.However,a sympathetic colleague of his at work would sneak his daughter paper that was used only on one side.The girl would then sew them into a notebook and use those at school.Since she couldn’t afford textbooks either,she would borrow them from her classmates in return for helping them with their homework,and would copy by hand every word and every diagram from each textbook into her homemade single sided notebooks.She could have complained her fate and quit school.Instead,she chose to look at it as extra practice.

Invariably,she would graduate at the top of her class and eventually made it all the way to high school,fighting against her circumstances all the way,every single day.

It was the night before finals.She was putting the finishing touches on her biology lab work journal.It represented an entire year’s worth of her work.She was so absorbed in her schoolwork that she forgot to look at the clock.It was her   father’s dinner time and she had not warmed his food yet.That was enough to drive him to such anger that he grabbed her journal and stuck the entire thing in the wood stove.Through blurry eyes,she watched her entire year’s labor go up in flames.In order to make that journal which had to be submitted to the examiners for grading,she had specially gathered sheets of paper with pencil writing on one side,and erased every pencil mark using erasers so small they were abandoned by their previous owners as unusable.She then measured and hand-cut each sheet so they were all the exact same size before starting work on the journal of 100 pages.

She could have broken down beyond hope at this point.Instead,when life handed her lemons,she decided she’s going to make the best lemonade ever tasted.

She served her father dinner,and after he went to bed,she set about recreating an entire year’s worth of work overnight by the light of an oil lamp,because her father would be mad if she wasted electricity studying.This time,she was racing against the clock and this cost her when her work was graded.She still ended up topping her class anyway.She graduated high school with perfect scores and the highest honors in Math,Physics and Biology and with one point less than the perfect score in Chemistry.She made the best lemonade in her life!

1.Which of the following is TRUE? 

A.The girl’s father treated her very well. 

B.The girl stole paper from her colleague.

C.The girl complained her life and quit school. 

D.The girl ranked No.1 when she graduated.

2.Why her father was so angry?

A.The girl didn’t cook for him. B.The girl didn’t do well at school.

C.The girl made the lemonade.     D.The girl wasted electricity studying.

3.Which of the following words can best describe the girl?

A.poor and complaining     B.determined and hardworking

C.forgetful and careless D.sympathetic and helpful

4.What is the best title of this passage?

A.A Brave Young Girl      B.Be Yourself

C.The Best Lemonade in Life  D.Study is Very Important

语篇解读:本文是记叙文,讲述了一位出身贫寒但一直努力奋斗成才的女孩的故事。

答案及剖析:

1.D　细节理解题。由最后一段中She still ended up topping her class anyway.She graduated high school with perfect scores and the highest honors in Math,Physics and Biology and with one point less than the perfect score in Chemistry.的描述可知女孩在班上是第一名。故D正确。

2.A　细节理解题。由第四段中She was so absorbed in her schoolwork that she forgot to look at the clock.It was her father’s dinner time and she had not warmed his food yet.That was enough to drive him to such anger that he grabbed her journal and stuck the entire thing in the wood stove.可知,女孩太专注于学业从而忘记了给他父亲做饭从而惹怒了他。

3.B　推理判断题。通读全文可知女孩既坚强又勤奋。

4.C　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是最后一段给出点睛之笔“She made the best lemonade in her life!”

B

(2018扬泰联考)

To understand one of the secrets of creativity,just peek (窥视) into an art classroom in Denver,Colorado.The teacher asks her pupils to imitate the style of Vassily Kandinsky.The students copy Kandinsky’s art style,mastering brushwork and learning colour theory.

If that was all there were to the lesson,it would be a hands-on class in art history.But the art teacher asks the students to cut up their paintings and build 3D sculptures out of the pieces.They have all started with the same source,but their works all end up looking extremely different:some rise straight up in a column,while others are a jigsaw (相互交错) of different forms and angles.The students learn to treat the past not as a landing point,but as a launching pad.

Creativity doesn’t come out of the blue.No idea is ever wholly original;there is always a link from the known to the new.We rely on culture to provide us with a storehouse of raw materials which we then transform.Each generation adds another layer to the cliffside of history.

One of the keys to developing inventiveness is not to treat the past as sacred.Beethoven didn’t write symphonies because he thought there was anything wrong with Mozart’s.Picasso didn’t paint variations on canvases by Vel?squez and Manet because he rejected the old masters,but rather because he admired them.While we sometimes tinker (修补) with the imperfect,we also remake what we love,showing our admiration for the past by passing down its DNA.

Sometimes inventors attempt to cover their tracks.Stravinsky denied that The Rite of Spring,his revolutionary ballet,included any actual folk tunes,but scholars found a volume of them in his library after his death.

Creative minds always start from a precedent (先例) and move from there,but how far should they go?The challenge is that staying too close to the familiar can dissatisfy,while wandering too far can fail to find followers.

Thomas Edison made small changes to the telephone,dramatically improved the lightbulb—and at the far end imagined underwater cities powered by solar energy.The designer Norman Bel Geddes designed a host of practical products,such as cocktail shakers and furniture—but he also ranged much further,sketching flying cars and houses in which the walls rose up into the ceiling like garage doors.

The DNA of the original is still there,but by the end it has evolved to something new.Each of us is creating our own variations on themes passed down to us.We’re at our most inventive when we don’t allow history to limit our imaginations,but to launch them.That’s a lesson that can start young—and that never ages.

5.The art teacher in Colorado intends to tell the students that the secret of creativity is 　　　. 

A.to copy the masters’ works without effort 

B.to completely reject the masters’ styles

C.to build their brilliant ideas on the past 

D.to compare their works with the masters’

6.The underlined phrase “out of the blue” in Paragraph 3 means 　　　. 

A.unfortunately     B.gradually     C.frequently   D.unexpectedly

7.Which of the following isn’t the product of creativity according to the author?

A.A flying car.             B.A copy of a Mozart.

C.An improved lightbulb. D.An underwater city powered by solar energy.

语篇解读:本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过一位美术老师的做法得出创造力的秘诀,只要把聪明的想法建立在过去的基础上即可。

答案及剖析:

5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段 “But the art teacher asks the students...but as a launching pad ” 可知学生从同样的材料开始,但作品最终截然不同,学生学会了把过去当作发射台而不是着陆点。所以这位老师打算告诉学生创造力的秘诀是把他们聪明的想法建立在过去的基础上,故选C。

6.D　猜测词义题。根据第三段 “No idea is ever wholly original;there is always a link from the known to the new.” 可知创造力不是凭空而来的,而是与已知的事物有一定联系的。所以out of the blue意为“出乎意料,出其不意”。即D项“unexpectedly出乎意料,始料未及”符合题意。

7.B　推理判断题。根据第二段 “The students learn to treat the past...,but as a launching pad ” 和第四段“One of the keys to developing...anything wrong with Mozart’s.” 可知创造力是以过去为基础并加以创新,而对莫扎特作品的模仿不是创新,所以不是创造力的产物。故选B。

Ⅱ.语法填空

As is known to all, it is 1.　　　　(importance) for you, a new student of senior high school, to learn how to get along 2.　　　　 your teachers.A good relationship with teachers can not only benefit your studies,but help you enjoy more care and extra help in life.Here 3.　　    　　(be) some advice for you to develop such a relationship. 

 First, be polite and respect your teachers.It’s 4.　　　　 (nature) that teachers like students with good 5.　　　　 (manner).So, whenever you meet your teachers,6.　　　　 (remember) to give them a warm greeting. 

 Second, show your interest in7.　　　　 they are teaching.Teachers will feel great if you are 8.　　　　 (interest) in the subjects they are teaching.The students who like to ask questions will win great favour. 

 Third, be active in class.When your teachers ask questions, never hesitate to put up your hand if you know the answers,9.　　　　 will help you make a good 10.

　　　　 (impress) on your teachers. 

答案及剖析:

1.important　考查形容词。固定结构It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.故此处填提示词的形容词形式。

2.with　考查介词。固定搭配:get along with...“与……相处融洽”。

3.is　考查时态及主谓一致。here引导完全倒装句,句子的主语是some advice,故用is。

4.natural　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,此处缺表语,故填提示词的形容词形式。

5.manners　考查名词单复数。manner的复数形式表示“礼貌”。

6.remember　考查祈使句。由句子结构可知,此处为祈使句,故用动词原形。

7.what　考查连接代词。介词in后接宾语从句,从句中缺少teaching的宾语,故用what。

8.interested　考查非谓语动词。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”。

9.which　考查关系代词。which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子。

10.impression　考查名词。make a good impression on sb.意为“给某人留下好的印象”。

Ⅲ.短文改错

There is a good news for you.Anyone visited Beijing will soon be able to visit the Forbidden City at night.The Palace Museum plans to extend their opening hours to make it more conveniently for tourists.Parts of the museum will stay open until night to allow more people experience China’s traditional culture before working hours.In addition,visitors will have access to more area soon after the renovation (修缮) work is completing this year.Nearly 65% of the Palace Museum will then be open to visitors to mark the 90th anniversary of the museum.The Forbidden City,that was built at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty,had undergone extensive renovations over the past 10 years.

答案:There is  a  good news for you.Anyone Beijing will soon be able to visit the Forbidden City at night.The Palace Museum plans to extend opening hours to make it more for tourists.Parts of the museum will stay open until night to allow more people experience China’s traditional culture working hours.In addition,visitors will have access to more soon after the renovation (修缮) work is this year.Nearly 65% of the Palace Museum will then be open to visitors to mark the 90th anniversary of the museum.The Forbidden City, was built at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, undergone extensive renovations over the past 10 years.

剖析:news是不可数名词,其前不加冠词。

现在分词作定语修饰anyone。

指代前文的The Palace Museum,故需要形容词性物主代词its。

make sth.+adj.,形容词作宾补。

allow sb.to do sth.固定搭配。

根据stay open until night以及常识判断,是下班之后,故用after。

area前有more修饰,故用复数形式。

the renovation work与complete之间是被动关系,故用completed。

which引导非限制性定语从句。

over the past 10 years是现在完成时态的时间状语。