2021版高考英语（人教版）一轮复习学案：必修54Unit4　Makingthenews


一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．journalist n. 记者；新闻工作者
2．assignment n. 任务；分配
3．submit vt. 递交；呈递(文件等)
4．colleague n. 同事
5．amateur n. 业余爱好者
6．update vt. 更新；使现代化
7．sceptical adj. 怀疑的
8．dilemma n. (进退两难的)困境；窘境
9．technical adj. 技术(上)的；技巧方面的
10．deliberately adv. 故意地
11．process vt. 加工；处理
n. 过程；程序；步骤
12．crime n. 罪行；犯罪
13．senior adj. 年长的；高年级的；高级的
14．involve vt. 牵涉；涉及；包括；使参与
(卷入)……
15．deny vt. 否认；拒绝
16．negative n. 底片；否定
adj. 否定的；消极的
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．unusual adj. 不同寻常的；独特的
2．eager adj. 渴望的；热切的
3．acquire vt. 获得；取得；学到
4．deadline n. 最后期限
5．meanwhile adv. 其间；同时
6．case n. 情况；病例；案例
7．accuse vt. 指责；谴责；控告
8．demand n. 需求；要求
vt. 强烈要求
9．gifted adj. 有天赋的
10．department n. 部门；部；处；系
11．polish vt. 擦亮；磨光；润色
12．publish vt. 出版；发行；发表；公布
13．chief adj. 主要的；首席的
n. 首领；长官
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．concentrate vi.& vt.集中；聚集→concentration n．专心；集中→concentrated adj.全神贯注的
2. guilt n．内疚；犯罪→guilty adj.犯罪的；内疚的
3．gift n．天赋；礼物→gifted adj.有天赋的
4．approve vt.赞成；认可；批准→approval n．赞成；认可；批准→disapproval n．不赞成；反对
5．appoint vt.约定；任命→appointment n．约会；任命
6．assess vt.评估；评定→assessment n．评估；评定
7．delight n．快乐；喜悦 vt.使高兴→delighted adj.快乐的
8．admire vt.钦佩；羡慕→admirable adj.令人钦佩的
9．assist vt.帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；协助→assistant n．助手；助理；售货员
10．profession n．职业；专业→professional adj.专业的
11．photograph n．照片 vt.给……照相→photographer n．摄影师→photography n．摄影
12．accurate adj.精确的；正确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确地→accuracy n．精确度；准确性
13．inform vt.告知；通知→information n．信息

1.“赞成”与“反对”高频词汇荟萃
①approve vt.　　　 批准；赞成
②favour vt.& n．　 赞成
③support vt.　 支持；赞成
④oppose vt.　 反对
⑤object vi.　 反对
⑥be against　 反对
2.后缀­able形容词集锦
①admirable　　　 令人钦佩的
②comfortable 舒适的
③unbelievable 难以置信的
④valuable 值钱的；贵重的
⑤reasonable 合情合理的
⑥suitable 合适的
3.“获得；得到”家族
①acquire vt.　 获得；学到；取得
②achieve vt. 取得；获得
③obtain vt. 获得；得到
④gain vt.& vi. 获得；赢得
⑤win vt. 获得；赢得
⑥get vt. 得到；收到

(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．concentrate__on 集中；全神贯注于
2．so__as__to__(do__sth.) 为了(做)……
3．accuse...of 因……指责或控告……
4．ahead__of 在……前面
5．keep__in__mind 记住
6．depend__on　　　　　　　　 依靠；依赖
7．inform__sb.__of__sth. 通知某人某事
8．pass...on__to... 把……传给……
9．have__a__nose__for... 对……很敏感；善于发现
10．look__forward__to 盼望



1.“v.＋sb.＋of＋sth.”结构大集合
①inform sb. of sth.　　　　　 通知某人某事
②warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
③cure sb. of sth. 治好某人某病
④remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
⑤suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事
⑥rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
⑦convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
⑧accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事
2.含身体器官的短语荟萃
①have a nose for...　　　　 对……很敏感；善于发现
②have an eye for 对……有识别力
③turn a deaf ear to 对……充耳不闻
④turn a blind eye to 对……视而不见
3.“记住”这些短语
①keep in mind
②bear in mind
③have sth. in mind
④learn sth. by heart
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：否定词置于句首，句子用部分倒装
Never__will__Zhou__Yang__(ZY)__forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.　周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报社的第一项工作任务。
句型2：be to do在句中表示将来发生的事，常译为“注定会……；一定……”
His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was__to__strongly__influence__his__life as a journalist.　他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。
句型3：not only...but (also)．..连接的并列句
Not__only__am__I__interested__in photography, but__I__took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
我不仅对摄影感兴趣，而且为更新技能在大学期间上了业余课程班。
句型4：先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
Have you ever had a case where__someone__accused__your__journalists__of getting the wrong end of the stick？
你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你们的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information(信息)．
2．(2018·江苏卷)It found many youngsters(少年) now measure their status by how much public approval(赞同)they get online, often through “likes”．
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As you know, to acquire(学到) a good knowledge of Chinese, you should learn more about Chinese culture and history.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Some of us were confident and eager(渴望的) to take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.
5．Meanwhile(同时), I am looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
6．(2018·天津卷书面表达)For another, with the economic and scientific development in China, you can find more job chances to promote your professional(profession) development.
7．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published(publish) Monday.
8. Brian is gifted(gift) in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·天津卷阅读D)The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we can’t change.涉及
2．(2019·天津卷阅读A)Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher.The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off­topic or unclear.提交
3．(2018·江苏卷)There is no denying that such ratings might bring convenience to consumers, but they are often misleading and unreliable.否认
4．(江苏卷)It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.(进退两难的)困境；窘境
5．(2018·江苏卷任务型阅读)Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece of art.技术的
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．To his delight,__he took the first place in the exam. His parents were delighted to know about it. (delight)
2．Tom is an assistant teacher in the college. He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need. (assist)
3．Mary and I had appointed to meet at the shopping center, but she failed to keep the appointment,__so I was very angry. (appoint)
4．In class, the naughty boy has little power of concentration;__as a result, he could not concentrate on what his teacher says. But when he plays computer games, he can’t be more concentrated. (concentrate)
5．Professor Smith, who is famous in the medical profession,__is paying a professional visit to our college. (profession)
6．We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists were very admirable. In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills. (admire)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
depend on; accuse...of; so as to; concentrate one’s attention on; ahead of
Tom was a clever student and was 1.ahead__of his classmates. However, Tom was addicted to computer games 2.so__as__to get excitement, enjoyment and pleasure at present. He couldn’t 3.concentrate__his__attention__on learning and had no enough time for his lessons. He had a case where someone 4.accused him of cheating in the last exam. As a result, the teacher informed Tom to go to his office this morning.He demanded that Tom should 5.depend__on himself to acquire good grades.Tom made an apology and promised that he would stop playing online games and work hard at his lessons.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你不了解唐朝的历史，你是永远不会学好唐诗的。
Never__will__you__learn__Tang__Poetry__well if you don’t know anything about the history of Tang Dynasty.
2．因为你既聪明又勤奋，你当记者的梦想一定会实现。
Your dream of becoming a journalist is__to__come__true because you are wise and hard­working.
3．讲座将涉及许多英语初学者不能合理利用语言的情况。
The lecture will cover a__number__of__cases__where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
4．(浙江卷书面表达)通过这样做，我不仅能与他人分享好的想法，而且还学会清楚地表达自己。
By doing so, not__only__can__I__share__good__ideas__with__others__but__also learn to express myself clearly.

assist　vt.帮助；协助；援助
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The guide managed to assist the tourists to__find(find) somewhere to live during the Russia World Cup.
②With the assistance(assist) of his teacher, he gradually adjusted to the school life.
③(全国卷Ⅱ)His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant(assist) in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④为了帮助学生学好汉语，我们学校决定给你们中文班捐赠一批图书。
To__assist__the__students__to__learn/in__learning__Chinese__better,__our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.

(1)assist sb. to do sth.　　　 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. in/with sth.　 帮助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth.　 帮助某人做某事
(2)assistance n．　 帮助；协助
come to one’s assistance　 援助某人
with the assistance/help of 在……的帮助下
(3)assistant n. 助手，助理；售货员
[佳句背诵] Local villagers were assisting the doctors with the people wounded in the bus crash.
当地村民正在帮助医生照料在公共汽车事故中受伤的人们。
inform　vt.告知；通知
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Now，I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.
②The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed(inform) of the programme’s progress.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)I’m more than delighted to tell you the good news that a short English film will be shown this weekend in our school.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
(高级表达)I’m more than delighted to inform__you of the good news that a short English film will be shown this weekend in our school.

(1)inform sb. of sth. 告诉/通知某人某事
inform sb. that/when/how...
通知某人……
keep sb. informed (of...)　　　
使某人随时了解(……)
(2)information n. [U]通知；消息；情报；信息
[佳句背诵] I’m Li Hua, the captain of our school volleyball team.I am writing to inform you that our team is going to play in the National League. 　我是李华，我们学校排球队的队长。我写信是想通知你我们队要参加全国联赛。 (2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
case　n．情况；病例；案例；实情
[基础练习]——用case的相关短语填空
①(2019·江苏卷)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in__case they need medical assistance.
②(2019·北京卷书面表达)In addition, please pack a pair of comfortable shoes in__case__of the city walk.
③As__is__often__the__case,__he was late for class, which made his teacher very angry.
④You may think of giving up studying.In__this__case,__just think it over before making a decision.
[能力提升]——句式升级
⑤(普通表达)We should in no case do anything that goes against the interests of people.
(高级表达)In__no__case__should__we__do__anything that goes against the interests of people. (倒装)

in case　　　　　　　　　 假使；以防；万一
in case of　　　 假如发生；万一发生
in any case　　　 无论如何
in no case　　　 决不
in this/that case　　　 假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case　　　 这是常有的事
[佳句背诵] Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.
请明天再提醒我关于会议的事，以免我忘了。
[名师点津] (1)in case后常接句子；in case of后常接名词。
(2)in no case位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
(3)如果case充当先行词，后面的定语从句通常用where或in which引导。
demand　n．要求；需要　vt.强烈要求
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义
①They think learning English well is one of the demands(demand) of modern society and will do good to our future career.
②My father calmed down and demanded to__know(know) what was going on.
③(2019·浙江卷6月)The challenge is all the more serious when you consider the demanding exercise required to bike from France to Poland.费力的
[能力提升]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)The manager asked the workers to work extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.
(高级表达)The manager demanded__that__the__workers__(should)__work extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.

(1)be in (great) demand(迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands
满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth.　　　 要求做某事
demand that...(should) do sth.　　
要求……(应该)做某事
(3)demanding adj. 高要求的；要求严格的
[佳句背诵] First, science graduates are in greater demand than art ones in China.　首先，在中国，对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。
approve　vt.赞成；认可；批准
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①A survey done recently shows that not all parents approve their children of taking part in the weekend classes.
②The professor made no comment about the speech, but gave an approving(approve) nod.
[能力提升]——一句多译
(2017·北京卷书面表达)老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历。
③The teacher gave__his__approval__to__us__making__a__video to record our experiences at school. (approval n．)
④The teacher approved__of__us__making__a__video to record our experiences at school. (approve vt.)

(1)approve sth.　　　 批准/通过某事
approve of (sb./one’s) doing sth.
赞同/同意(某人)做某事
(2)approval n．　　　　 赞成；同意；批准；通过
get one’s approval　 得到某人的同意
(3)approving adj. 赞许的，满意的
[佳句背诵] I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval.
如果我的申请能得到您的同意，我将非常感激。
concentrate on　集中；全神贯注于
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He didn’t notice the teacher standing by his side, concentrating(concentrate) all his attention on her speech for the conference.
②Speaking on the phone requires concentration(concentrate) and takes a driver’s attention from the road.
[能力提升]——一句多译
你若集中精力学习英语，你就会掌握这门语言的。(concentrate)
③If you concentrate__your__mind/attention/yourself__on English, you will master the language.
④Concentrate__your__mind/attention/yourself__on English, and you will master the language.

(1)concentrate on (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事
concentrate one’s mind/attention/oneself on　
集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
(2)concentration n．　　 集中；专心
　
[佳句背诵] Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate on our studies.
放学后玩电脑游戏使我们放松，但是作为学生我们必须集中精力学习。
depend on　依靠；依赖
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)Depending(depend) on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures.
②You can depend on it that such things will never happen again.
③Now that you are an adult, it is wrong of you to depend on your parents for food and clothing.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④一个小孩是否能健康成长取决于他生活的环境。
Whether a child can grow up healthily or not depends__on__the__surroundings__where__he__lives．

(1)depend on sb. to do/one’s doing sth.
　　　　　　　　　　 依靠某人做某事
depend on sb. for sth.　　 依靠某人供给某物
depend on/upon it that...　 指望……
(2)That depends./It (all) depends.
视情况而定。
[佳句背诵] The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, depending on your different answers.
老师会根据你不同的答案提出各种各样的问题。
[名师点津] 与depend on意义和用法相同的短语还有rely on, count on。
accuse...of　因……指责或控告……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①A footballer was__accused(accuse) of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.
②For lack of enough evidence，the accused(accuse) was allowed to go free.
[能力提升]——一句多译
由于被指控偷钱，这个人被带到了法庭。
③Accused__of__stealing__money,__the man was brought to the court. (accuse)
④Charged__with__stealing__money,__the man was brought to the court. (charge)

(1)accuse sb.of (doing) sth.＝charge sb.with (doing) sth.　　　　　因(做)某事指控某人
(2)the accused　　 被告
[佳句背诵] A piece of bad news has been spread that the rich man has been accused of doing good things only to achieve a good reputation.
一条不好的消息已经传播开来：那位富人被指责做好事只是为了沽名钓誉。

否定词置于句首，句子用部分倒装
(教材P26)Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报社的第一项工作任务。
[基础练习]——完成句子
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Never before have__I__seen__such__a__moving__film(看过这么感人的电影)．
②Hardly__had__we__left__the__dormitory(我们刚离开宿舍) the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达)She attaches great importance to reading. She spares at least 20 minutes every day to read.
(高级表达)Not__only__does__she__attach__great__importance__to__reading,__but__also__she__spares at least 20 minutes every day to read. (用not only...but also合并升级为倒装句)

(1)否定副词never置于句首，句子需用部分倒装。
(2)常用的否定副词和含有否定意义的词语还有 not, little, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。　
[佳句背诵] The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarrelled with each other.
这对老夫妇已经结婚40年了，他们几乎从没吵过架。
先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
(教材P26)Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你们的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·浙江卷6月)Then I got to the point where I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.
②He is in a dangerous situation that/which he doesn’t know how to deal with.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达)Students should take an active part in community activities.They can gain experience for growth in community activities.
(高级表达)Students should take an active part in community activities where__they__can__gain__experience__for__growth．(合并升级为定语从句)

当先行词为抽象地点名词case, situation, position, atmosphere, stage, activity, family和point等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。　
[佳句背诵] The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.
公司老板正在尽力营造一个员工可以在其中快乐工作的轻松氛围。
[名师点津] 抽象地点名词后的定语从句中如果缺少主语或宾语则需用关系代词that或which。

Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．Greatly delighted(delight) at the result, the football fans couldn’t help walking to the street to celebrate it.
2．It’s really an admirable(admire) custom to respect others at the table, including the aged, guests and hosts.
3．Professor Smith, as well as two of his assistants(assist), is doing an experiment in the lab now.
4．My job at the law firm was so demanding(demand) and stressful that I felt exhausted after a day’s work.
5．The young man considers himself as a gifted(gift) writer but hasn’t had any famous novels published so far.
6．If you want to win a prize in the contest, you’d better have your essay polished(polish)．
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．I still feel guilty(guilt) about things I said to my father when I was a teenager.
2．In our daily life, we sometimes come across a number of cases where people suffer from heart attacks.
3．I am delighted to cover the stories happening in the campus, because I have a nose for news.
4．Mr. Yang was__accused(accuse) of accepting other’s money illegally, but he denied having done so.
5．She was in a dilemma whether to stay at school or take up a job.
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．He has acquired a wide knowledges of his major from his work in the past few years.knowledges→knowledge
2．At the top of the hill lie an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.lie→lies
3．All of you supposed to finish your homework before you go out to play football.在supposed前加are
4．Leave your key with your neighbor in case of you lock yourself out one day.删除of
5．The teacher demanded that the students must be on time to every class.删除must或must→should
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ七选五)We dance at weddings，birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.vt.打发，消磨
2．To cover the cost of hiring a bus，each student will have to pay $10 each time.vt.够付费用
3．Unless we have enough evidence, we can’t win the case. n．案件
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.vt.处理

提能一　语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
Last week the teacher informed the students 1.of the time of the final exam.She demanded that all the students 2.should__make(make) good preparations for it, for whether the students will get a good mark depends 3.on their own efforts.Li Hua, a 4.gifted(gift) student, has been concentrating 5.on his study this week so as to get a good mark. He hold the firm belief that he is sure to succeed.
(二)
As a journalist, not only does Li Qiang have a good nose 1.for news, but he is also a friendly person and usually 2.assists(assist) his colleagues with lots of things.As a consequence, they like him very much.He has never had a case 3.where someone accused him 4.of getting the wrong end of the stick.He is devoted to protecting the environment and he approves 5.of reusing things instead of throwing them away.
提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，某英文报社招聘记者，你打算应聘。请按写作要求写一封申请信。①写信目的；②自身优势；③表达愿望。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①对网上登广告的工作很感兴趣，因此我写信申请在贵部门做记者。
Interested in the job advertised on the Internet, I’m__writing__to__apply__for__the__position__as__a__journalist__in__your__department．
②我深信我能满足您的要求，因为我有以下几个优势。
I’m convinced that I__can__meet__your__demands__because__of__the__following_
_advantages．
③我对新闻很敏感，因此在我校校报工作时常被派去报道校园发生的事情。
I have such__a__good__nose__for__news that I was often sent to cover the stories happening in the campus when working for my school’s paper.
④谈到获取所有的信息，我不仅能问许多不同的问题还能专注细节。
When it comes to acquiring__all__the__information,__I can not only ask many different questions but I can concentrate__on__details．
⑤针对被采访者所说的内容，我能迅速准备好下面的问题。
I can prepare the next question quickly depending__on__what__the__interviewees__say．
⑥如果能被录用，我会谨慎、勤奋以不辜负您的期望。
If accepted, I will be cautious and diligent so__as__to__live__up__to__your__expectations．
⑦如果您能批准我的申请并尽早通知我面试，我将不胜感激。
I__would__appreciate__it__if__you__could__approve__my__application__and__inform__me__of__the__interview__at__your__earliest__convenience.
2．升级平淡句
⑧用倒装句升级句④
When__it__comes__to__acquiring__all__the__information,__not__only__can__I__ask__many__different__questions__but__I__can__concentrate__on__details.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：first of all, in addition, meanwhile)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Sir，
Interested in the job advertised on the Internet, I’m writing to apply for the position as a journalist in your department.
I’m convinced that I can meet your demands because of the following advantages. First of all, I have such a good nose for news that I was often sent to cover the stories happening in the campus when working for my school’s paper. In addition, when it comes to acquiring all the information, not only can I ask many different questions but I can concentrate on details. Meanwhile, I can prepare the next question quickly depending on what the interviewees say. If accepted, I will be cautious and diligent so as to live up to your expectations.
I would appreciate it if you could approve my application and inform me of the interview at your earliest convenience.
Yours，
Li Hua

(建议用时：40分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·福建泉州质检)Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet on a regular basis, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”
Consequently, when Ashley was sixteen, she started her own website called GooseHead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100，000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.
After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lived in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called GooseHead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called “All about Ashley”， where Ashley tells readers what it’s like to be the boss of a company when you’re only sixteen—not always easy!
In her book, Ashley talks about the problems that teenagers have today plus the importance of friendship. She also focuses on being independent. “Learn to love your friends but not rely on them. I did that by creating GooseHead on my own.”
Ashley says that GooseHead Guide to Life is not a book of teenage advice. “It isn’t a book that’s going to tell you what to do. I hope you can work that out by yourself，” she says. “I just want to provide a little inspiration for teenagers. Maybe after reading my story, you’ll start your own website! But perhaps you’ve got a better idea? Well, if I were you, I’d just do it, whatever it is. Maybe it won’t work—but maybe it will.”
【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了阿什莉·鲍尔勇于追梦的故事。阿什莉经常在家上网，有一天她突然想创建一个属于自己的网站，以便青少年可以交流。因此，16岁时，她便创建了GooseHead网站并获得了成功。之后她受邀写了一本关于网站创业的书，以鼓励青少年追求自己的梦想。
1．Why did Ashley start GooseHead?
A．To promote the sales of her book.
B．To update her mother’s computer.
C．To teach teenagers how to use the Internet.
D．To create a platform for teenagers to communicate.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“...but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, ‘If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.’”可知，阿什莉创建该网站的目的是为青少年创造一个可以交流的平台。故选D项。
2．Where can you find information that best shows the success of Ashley’s website?
A．In paragraph 1. B．In paragraph 2.
C．In paragraph 3. D．In paragraph 4.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100，000 hits every day...”可知，第二段最能体现阿什莉创建的网站很成功。故选B项。
3．What do we know about GooseHead Guide to Life?
A．It serves to fuel teenagers’ motivation.
B．It is meant to give teenagers tips.
C．It advises teenagers to depend on friends.
D．It is about ways to be the boss of a company.
A　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Learn to love your friends but not rely on them.”和最后一段中的“Ashley says that GooseHead Guide to Life is not a book of teenage advice. ‘It isn’t a book that’s going to tell you what to do. I hope you can work that out by yourself，’ she says.‘I just want to provide a little inspiration for teenagers...’”可知，阿什莉强调要学会爱朋友，而不是依靠朋友，故C项错误。这本书不是为了给青少年提供建议，也不是为了向人们传授成为公司老板的方法。故B、D两项错误。反之，阿什莉只是强调希望能给青少年提供一些灵感和激励，故选A项。
4．What does Ashley inspire teenagers to do?
A．Follow their dreams.
B．Start their own website.
C．Buy a copy of her book.
D．Be a model for others.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Maybe after reading my story, you’ll start your own website! But perhaps you’ve got a better idea? Well, if I were you, I’d just do it, whatever it is. Maybe it won’t work—but maybe it will.”可知，阿什莉想要鼓励青少年去追求自己的梦想。故选A项。
B
(2020·新疆维吾尔自治区适应性测试)Technology is forever changing the way we get our news. Most people now get a lot of their news on electronic devices, instead of traditional media, such as newspapers, television or radio. An increasing number of people also report turning to social media for information.
Now, there is a new technology that could greatly change the way we get the news: computer­created news readers. China has launched what it called the world’s first artificial intelligence, or AI news presenters.
The news readers, supported by machine learning technology, are based on two real­life Chinese newsmen. One is able to present news broadcast in English; the other, in Mandarin Chinese. A report said machine learning was used to examine video images and sounds of the two newsmen. Similar technology has been used to create video products known as “deepfake videos”. A deepfake video is a video that looks real, but was electronically changed. Such videos can make people appear to say things they never said.
It’s said that the AI presenters will be a great improvement to the news team because they “can work 24 hours a day” on its website and on social media. One of the presenters even promised to “work tirelessly” to keep people informed. Some machine learning experts said the system showed off China’s latest progress in voice recognition, text­to­speech technology and data analysis.
Others wondered about the effects robots might have on employment and workers. Some people argued that only low­level jobs requiring heavy labor will be easily replaced by robots. Others praised the technology as a way for companies to make money from low­cost labor machines.
Anyway, for its great potential, some businesses have experimented with similar technology for possible use in news operations.
【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了人工智能新闻主播的相关内容。
5．People now get information mainly from ________．
A．electronic devices B．traditional media
C．social media D．AI news presenters
A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Most people now get a lot of their news on electronic devices”可知，人们现在主要从电子设备上获得信息。
6．The author mentioned “deepfake” in paragraph 3 because ________．
A．it was also artificial
B．it was also developed by China
C．it also used machine learning technology
D．it also gained popularity and recognition
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句“A report said machine learning was used...known as ‘deepfake videos’．”可推知，作者提到deepfake是因为它也使用了机器学习技术。
7．What can we know about AI news presenters?
A．AI news presenters can only “speak” one language.
B．Not all the people are in favor of AI news presenters.
C．AI news presenters will soon replace human news readers.
D．AI news presenters can reflect the improvement in robot making.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“Others wondered about the effects robots might have on employment and workers.”可知，并不是所有人都支持人工智能新闻主播。
8．What will probably be discussed in the following paragraph?
A．Further research on the technology.
B．Other advantages of the technology.
C．Principles the technology is based on.
D．Examples the technology is applied to.
D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“some businesses have experimented with similar technology for possible use in news operations”可知，接下来的一段很可能讨论这种技术所应用的例子。
【难句分析】　China has launched what it called the world’s first artificial intelligence, or AI news presenters.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句，其中“what it called...or AI news presenters”为what引导的宾语从句，作launched的宾语。
译文：中国已经推出了所谓的世界上首例人工智能或AI新闻主播。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·大连高三一模)Being jobless for the last three months, I am upset nowadays. My son has lost his __1__ from a good school and he might have to go to a less qualified school. I have moved from a spacious(宽敞的) apartment to a small one in order to __2__ my living expenses. My wife has built extra stress. On top of that, my father­in­law __3__ a week ago, which has added fuel to fire, __4__ our family into a more terrible state.
In these circumstances I have two mental __5__： either to feel upset and keep losing my peace of mind, or __6__ my negative thoughts with super mental powers about self­confidence and consistency, and __7__ applying for new jobs with positive attitude.
I choose the second option because I believe that the pain I am __8__ today will build up my __9__. My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a(n) __10__ man one day. I understand that good and bad stages are part of __11__. While good times make me happy, bad times __12__ the “inner” me.
Two months later, __13__， I have finally landed a job which is very exciting and offers a nice salary. Time has healed my wife’s mental stress __14__ the death of her father. My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still __15__！
As I am back on the track of normal life, I can __16__ say that the most important things that helped me __17__ the crisis(危机) were my consistent character of patience, and __18__ attitude towards life. So, while I wish you all the best life can __19__ you, I would highly recommend taking the same attitude towards life __20__ you are trapped in any of such situations.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过讲述作者成功应对困境的故事启迪读者要一直保持积极的生活态度。
1．A.admission　　　 B．benefit
C．diploma D．permission
A　解析：根据该句中的“he might have to go to a less qualified school”可推知，作者的儿子失去了进入好学校的资格，与下文中的“My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still ______！”呼应。
2．A.share B．reduce
C．break D．raise
B　解析：根据上文可知，作者失业三个月，为了缩减生活开支作者从宽敞的公寓搬到了较小的公寓。
3．A.showed up B．set off
C．fell down D．passed away
D　解析：根据下文“Time has healed my wife’s mental stress ______ the death of her father.”可知，作者妻子的父亲过世了。pass away“去世”。
4．A.putting B．finding
C．forming D．lifting
A　解析：根据语境可知，作者的岳父一周前去世了，这使作者一家处于更糟糕的状态，put“使处于(某状态或情况)”符合语境。
5．A.problems B．concerns
C．choices D．activities
C　解析：根据空后的“either to feel upset...or ______ my negative thoughts”可推知，作者面对这种困境，有两种选择，与下文中的“I choose the second option”呼应。
6．A.link B．replace
C．mix D．exchange
B　解析：固定搭配replace...with...意为“用……替代……”，与空前的“keep”形成对比，故选B。
7．A.regret B．stop
C．keep D．risk
C　解析：根据下文中的“I have finally landed a job”可推知，作者也可以保持积极的态度，继续申请新的工作。keep“继续”。
8．A.practicing B．suffering
C．producing D．relieving
B　解析：根据语境可知，作者选择以积极的态度继续申请新的工作，因为作者相信他现在所遭受的痛苦将塑造他的性格。
9．A.intelligence B．body
C．character D．reputation
C　解析：参见上题解析。
10．A.careful B．hard­working
C．easy­going D．successful
D　解析：根据上文作者失去工作、儿子不能进入好的学校、岳父去世等一堆糟心的事，并结合该句“My strengths will then increase my confidence and make me a(n) ______ man one day.”可推知，作者相信自己有一天会成功。
11．A.life B．wealth
C．time D．health
A　解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，作者明白好和坏都是生活的一部分，与下文中的“As I am back on the track of normal life”呼应。
12．A.hide B．destroy
C．strengthen D．kill
C　解析：根据该段第一句并结合语境可推知，艰难的时光会让作者韬光养晦、积蓄力量。
13．A.desperately B．unwillingly
C．hopefully D．fortunately
D　解析：根据语境可知，两个月后，作者幸运地找到了一份称心的工作。
14．A.regardless of B．due to
C．instead of D．apart from
B　解析：根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的因果关系，前果后因。due to“由于”符合语境。
15．A.occupied B．empty
C．open D．closed
C　解析：根据语境可知，新学年入学申请依然开放，因此作者的儿子被另一所好学校录取。
16．A.disappointedly B．surprisedly
C．deliberately D．confidently
D　解析：根据上文中的“My strengths will then increase my confidence”可推知，在生活恢复正常的情况下，作者信心满满。
17．A.fight B．meet
C．change D．delay
A　解析：根据上文可知，作者战胜了困境，渡过了危机，生活重新步入正轨。
18．A.general B．positive
C．friendly D．honest
B　解析：根据上文中的“applying for new jobs with positive attitude”并结合语境可推知，作者始终如一的坚毅性格和积极的生活态度帮助作者渡过了生活中的危机。
19．A.offer B．expect
C．manage D．send
A　解析：根据语境可知，作者祝愿人们万事如意。offer“给予”符合语境。
20．A.as if B．in that
C．now that D．in case
D　解析：根据语境可知，作者极力建议人们如果陷入像这样的境地，也应以相同的态度面对生活。in case“如果，假使”。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2020·豫南九校联考)My grandmother is 73 year old. She is a great reader, but she reads only newspapers. He has a very good habit of reading the newspaper daily. After her morning housework, she sat down to read the newspaper for at least an hour. She doesn’t like to be disturbing at that time. In fact she is so much updated that everyone else in the house relies her for the daily important news, national or international. My grandmother’s habit of reading newspapers are a great help for the other members of my house, especial my parents. As they both are working very hardly, they have very few time to read the news.
答案：
My grandmother is 73 old. She is a great reader, but she reads only newspapers. has a very good habit of reading the newspaper daily. After her morning housework, she down to read the newspaper for at least an hour. She doesn’t like to be at that time. In fact she is so updated that everyone else in the house relies her for the daily important news, national or international. My grandmother’s habit of reading newspapers a great help for the other members of my house, my parents. As they both are working very ， they have very time to read the news.
①year改为years。year作“岁”讲时为可数名词，此处前有数词73修饰，应用复数形式，故将year改为years。
②He改为She。此处代指grandmother，应用代词She。故将He改为She。
③sat改为sits。综观全文可知，本文主要介绍的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，故将sat改为sits。
④disturbing改为disturbed。disturb与其逻辑主语She之间为被动关系，应用被动形式，故将disturbing改为disturbed。
⑤删除much。“so＋adj./adv.＋that...”为固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”，且much常用于修饰形容词的比较级或不可数名词，此处much多余，故删除much。
⑥在relies后加on。rely是不及物动词，其后常接on后再接宾语，rely on表示“依赖；依靠”。故在relies后加on。
⑦are改为is。分析句子成分可知，本句中My grandmother’s habit of reading newspapers作主语，其核心词为habit，为单数概念，谓语动词应用单数形式。故将are改为is。
⑧especial改为especially。根据语境可知，此处表示“尤其是；特别是”，作状语，应用副词especially，故将especial改为especially。
⑨hardly改为hard。根据语境可知，此处表示“因为他们都努力工作，没有时间读报纸”。hardly意为“几乎不”；hard意为“努力地”。故将hardly改为hard。
⑩few改为little。time作“时间”讲时，为不可数名词，应用little修饰；few修饰可数名词。故将few改为little。