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2019届江苏省南京市和盐城市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版）
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南京市 盐城市2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试
英语试题
本卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），满分120分。考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the man ask the woman to do?
A.Park the car elsewhere.
B.Drive along a quiet street.
C.Stop here for a short while.
2.What will the weather be like this weekend?
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
3. Which course does the man suggest the woman take?
A. Physics. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Eating dessert. B. Reading a book. C. Taking out the rubbish.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A painting. B. A photograph. C. A basket.
7. Where did the man find the thing?
A. In an art gallery. B. On the street. C. At a hospital.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman decided not to wear the first dress?
A. It is torn. B. It is uncomfortable. C. It is the wrong color.
9. What will the speakers do tonight?
A. Do some shopping. B. Select a gift. C. Attend a concert.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What was the boy just doing?
A. Collecting the leaves. B. Cutting the grass. C. Watering the flowers.
11. What is the boy saving up for?
A. A motorbike. B. A computer. C. A car.
12. What will the speakers do later?
A. See a movie. B. Take a walk. C. Run kin the park.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A class project. A. A reality TV show. C. The woman’s family.
14. What did the woman do at the man’s home last time?
A. She gave a short presentation.
B. She watched a game with them.
C. She discussed an important topic with them.
15. What did the teacher tell the speakers to do?
A. Try to be funny.
B. Give background information.
C. Talk about the global climate.
16. How many people live in the man’s house?
A. Five. B. Seven. C. Twelve.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17. What time did the speaker expect to hear the alarm?
A. At 7:00. B. At 8:00. C. At 9:00.
18. Which piece of the speaker’s clothing was clean?
A. The shirt. B. The pants. CV. The tie.
19. Where did the speaker go right after getting dressed?
A. The kitchen. B. The bathroom. C. The bedroom.
20. How did Karen probably feel in the end?
A. Grateful. B. Anxious. C. Surprised.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1.The health of garden plants depends on the soil _____ --the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air and water.
A. construction B. conservation
C. corporation D. composition.
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意为：园林植物的健康取决于土壤的组成——矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。construction 建设，建筑；conservation 保存，保护；corporation 法人，股份公司，市政府；composition 创作，成分。根据句意，选D。
2.Last December China _____ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the country’s reform and opening-up.
A. distinguished B. sponsored
C. acknowledged D. evaluated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：去年12月，中国表彰了对国家改革开放作出杰出贡献的100名中国人和10名外国人。acknowledge在此句中表示“express thanks for (sth) 为（某事物）表示感谢”。 distinguish区别, 辨别； sponsor赞助； evaluate 评估。根据句意，选C。
3.Her doctor indicated that even adding a(n) _____ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.
A. modest B. equal
C. considerable D. exact
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：她的医生表示，即使增加不多的日常锻炼，也会极大地改善她的健康。modest 谦逊的，不大的；适度的；equal 相等的，平等的；considerable 相当多的，相当大的；exact准确的，精确的。根据句意，选A。
4.Computer-controlled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done _______.
A. artificially B. manually
C. comprehensively D. gradually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意为：计算机控制的机器人接管了许多行业中的工作，而这些工作过去都是手工完成的。artificially人造地，人为地，不自然地；manually手工地；comprehensively 全面地； gradually渐渐地。根据句意，选B。
5.____ clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.
A. On top of B. In the silence of
C. On account of D. In the absence of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意为：没有清晰的目标，我们就会莫名其妙地忠于职守，直到最终成为它们的奴隶。On top of 除……之外； In the silence of 在寂静中；On account of 由于；in the absence of缺乏。根据句意，选D。
6.A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.
A. as B. who
C. whom D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿，这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。定语从句的先行词为babies，且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词who引导从句。故选B。
7.Never turn down a job because you think it’s too small. You don’t know _____ it can lead.
A. how B. where
C. whether D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意为：不要因为觉得工作太小就拒绝它，你不知道它能引向何方。know后面接了宾语从句，lead是不及物动词，后面不缺成分，故用副词引导从句，根据句意，选B。
8.---I don’t understand why Catherine stopped short _____ she ought to have continued.
---It’s obvious that she lacked self-confidence.
A. when B. while
C. if D. as
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意为：——我不明白为什么凯瑟琳本该继续下去，却突然停了下来。——显然她缺乏自信。when在此表示“虽然，尽管”。while表示“尽管”必须置句首；if表示“如果”；as表示“尽管”需倒装。故选A。
9.Guangdong province rolled out new guidelines, _____ offensive nicknames and online violence as school bullying.
A. defining B. defined
C. to define D. having defined
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为：广东省出台了新的规定，明确规定侮辱性绰号和网络暴力均属于校园欺凌。谓语都吃腻是rolled out是谓语动词，故define用非谓语动词形式，define与其逻辑主语guidelines之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选A。
10.It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he _____ as an interpreter in a foreign enterprise.
A. served B. had served
C. is serving D. would serve
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意为：吉米不教高中生已经快五年了，他现在在一家外企做翻译。从前半句看，吉米不教高中生已经快五年了，后半句说的是他现在在外企做翻译，故用现在进行时。此题的关键是对前半句要理解准确，不能理解为“吉米教高中已经快五年了”。故选C。
11.---We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale _____.
--- Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online?
A. fell through B. got through
C. cleared up D. looked up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语动词。句意为：——我们为我们的房子找到了一个买主，但后来买卖失败了。——为什么不在网上登个广告来宣传呢？fall through表示“落空; 成为泡影”。get through 用完，完成，考试及格，接通电话；clear up 转晴，清理，清除疑虑；look up 仰视，改善，查阅。根据句意，选A。
12.Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ______ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.
A. would never succeed B. never succeeded
C. would never have succeeded D. have never succeeded
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意为：贝利是很有天赋，但是如果没有处理生活中遇到的所有问题的决心，他是永远不会成功的。从句中的had看，此句讲的是过去的情况。本句是由without呈现的含蓄虚拟语气，且空格所在的地方是主句，谓语动词用would have +过去分词，否定式加never，置于would后面。故选C。
13.He was still full of optimism for the future despite many problems, and never once ______ him get worried or upset.
A. I saw B. I would see
C. did I see D. would I see
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句式。句意为：尽管有许多问题，他对未来仍然充满乐观，我从未见过他感到忧虑或不安。and连接两个并列句，后面一个句子是以否定词never开头，故用倒装结构，助动词置于主语前，且从前面的句子时态来看，确定是用一般过去时，故选C。
【点睛】本句考查倒装句式。否定状语放在句首，主句用倒装语序是常考的语法点，熟练掌握这一语法点对阅读理解和写作都有很大益处，现总结如下：
“强调否定状语的倒装句”是指为了强调句子中针对全句的否定状语， 将其置于句首所引起部分倒装结构。常考的放于句首引起部分倒装的含有否定意义的状语有： never, seldom, rarely, little, few, hardly/scarcely when , no sooner than , at no time, by no means, no longer, not only but also , not until, nowhere, neither nor 等。
例如：
Hardly had she spoken than she regretted it bitterly. 话刚出口，她就后悔不迭。
Never shall I forget this lesson. 我绝对不会忘记这个教训。
No sooner had I got into the house than the phone rang. 我刚进屋，电话铃就响了。
At no time did he lose his self-control. 他始终没有失去控制力。
注意： 如果放在句首的否定状语只否定主语或句中的副词， 而不针对全句， 就不用进行倒装。例如：
Not a soul was anywhere visible. 到处见不到一个人。
Hardly anybody believes that. 几乎没有人相信那件事。//
Not long ago it rained. 不久前下过雨。
14.I was telling a joke and Sam just interrupted me to tell a different one. He always _____!
A. bites his tongue B. saves his skin
C. steals my thunder D. pulls my leg
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查习语。句意为：我正在讲一个笑话，山姆却打断了我，他自己讲了另一个。他总是抢走我的风头！bite one’s tongue强忍着不说出自己的想法或感觉；save one’s skin免受伤害﹑ 损失﹑ 惩罚等；steal one’s thunder 抢在某人之前或贬低某人的言行使之不受他人注意；pull one’s leg开某人玩笑。根据句意，选C。
15.---I’ve heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right? ______
--- Many thanks.
A. Good for you B. You asked for it
C. There you are D. You’ve gone too far
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情境交际。句意为：——我听说过很多关于你的事，你升职了，对吗？真为你高兴。——非常感谢！Good for you真为你高兴，祝贺你；You asked for it你自找的；There you are给你，就是这样；You’ve gone too far 你太过分了。根据句意，选A。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I first started writing in the summer of 1998. Back then I was a teacher. After years of dreaming, I decided it was finally time to write a book. For 10 years I wrote, ___16___ four middle-grade novels and six pictures books almost only to editors. This was ___17___ in the snail-mail age. Remember the ___18___ you experienced as a child waiting for birthday presents to arrive in the mail? That was me for the better part of a decade.
In Spring 2009, at the last minute, I decided to hand in a middle-grade historical novel-in-verse to a ___19___ at a local writing conference. I knew in my heart that it was my ___20___ work, but I wasn’t sure how it would be ___21___ alongside pieces meant for the adult market. But then ----I won. My prize ___22___ a one-on-one interview with an editor who, after ___23___ my manuscript, asked, “Why don’t you have a(n) ___24___ yet?”
Not long after that, I ___25___ with my first agent. Then in 2013, after parting with my first agent, I was again faced with the ___26___ for representation. This time I submitted to three agencies and got two ___27___. Over the span of 20 years, I’ve got 18 completed manuscripts and was ___28___ almost 350 times. It took me 14 years to see my first book ___29___ the shelf. You could look at these numbers and get pretty ___30___. I can look at these numbers and feel the same. I know plenty of people with a ___31___ apprenticeship(学徒期). I have friends who have been more ___32___. All sorts of authors I ___33___ with in 2012 have published far more than I have. But here’s the ___34___ thing I’ve learned in the last 20 years: My process is mine. My journey is mine. Each book finds its way on its own.
The writing life is a long-term journey. There is no right way. There is no ___35___ fix. There is no easy road. There is a lot of frustration and disappointment, but there is joy and satisfaction, too.
16. A. submitting B. lending C. keeping D. presenting
17. A. soon B. back C. already D. later
18. A. appreciation B. entertainment C. anticipation D. embarrassment
19. A. publisher B. newspaper C. reception D. competition
20. A. initial B. casual C. innovative D. subjective
21. A. criticized B. processed C. received D. distributed
22. A. followed B. concluded C. ensured D. confirmed
23. A. correcting B. polishing C. monitoring D. reviewing
24. A. agent B. client C. instructor D. fan
25. A. signed B. bargained C. dealt D. reasoned
26. A. excuse B. affection C. hunt D. request
27. A. offers B. substitutions C. professions D. complaints
28. A. registered B. rejected C. defeated D. deserted
29. A. under B. beside C. off D. on
30. A. amused B. inspired C. touched D. frustrated
31. A. longer B. heavier C. shorter D. newer
32. A. famous B. intelligent C. enthusiastic D. productive
33. A. debated B. mixed C. cooperated D. disagreed
34. A. key B. handy C. funny D. lively
35. A. temporary B. quick C. possible D. flexible
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
本文为议论文，作者回忆了自己的写作经历，感悟到写作生涯是一个长期的旅程，没有正确的方法，没有捷径可走。有很多挫折和失望，但也有喜悦和满足。
【16题详解】
考查词义辨析。A. submitting提交 B. lending借 C. keeping 保持 D. presenting呈现，赠送。作者十年的写作期间，向编辑提交了几部小说和图画书，故选A。
【17题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. soon很快 B. back以前，过去 C. already已经 D. later后来。作者回忆自己写作时还是过去信件还需要邮寄的年代，故选B。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. appreciation欣赏 B. entertainment娱乐 C. anticipation希望，预感 D. embarrassment尴尬，困窘，根据下文“That was me for the better part of a decade.”那是我十年中较好的一段时光，因此可知此处句意：还记得小时候你希望收到生日礼物的经历吗? 故选C。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义。A. publisher出版者 B. newspaper报纸 C. reception接待 D. competition竞争，比赛，这里指作者在2009年春天参加了一次当地的写作会议，提交了作品来参赛，故选D。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. initial最初的 B. casual休闲的，随意的 C. innovative创新的，革新的 D. subjective主观的，个人的，作者内心知道这是他的革新之作，故选C。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. criticized批评 B. processed加工 C. received接到，收到 D. distributed分布，作者担心自己的作品是否可以被人们接受，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. followed跟随 B. concluded结束 C. ensured 确保 D. confirmed证实，批准，作者获奖以一次一对一与编辑面谈的机会作为结束。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义。A. correcting 纠正 B. polishing 磨光，改进 C. monitoring监控 D. reviewing复习，评论。编辑审阅了我的手稿。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. agent 代理人 B. client客户 C. instructor教师 D. fan迷；编辑向作者提议应该有一个代理人，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义。A. signed签字 B. bargained 交易 C. dealt处理 D. reasoned推论，不久之后，作者签约了第一位代理人，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. excuse原谅 B. affection影响 C. hunt寻找 D. request请求，在与第一个经纪人分手后，作者又一次面临寻找代理人的问题。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. offers提供 B. substitutions替代 C. professions专业 D. complaints投诉，这次我向三家中介提交了申请，得到了两份回应。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. registered登记 B. rejected拒绝 C. defeated 打败 D. deserted遗弃，在20年的时间里，作者已经完成了18篇手稿，其中被拒绝了将近350次。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查介词词义。我花了14年的时间才在书架上看到我的第一本书。在书架上，用介词on，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. amused愉悦的 B. inspired 受启发的 C. touched感动的 D. frustrated受挫的；沮丧的，看着这些数字，你会感到沮丧挫败，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词比较级。A. longer 更长 B. heavier更重 C. shorter 更短 D. newer更新的，作者认识很多学徒期更短的人，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. famous 著名 B. intelligent聪明的 C. enthusiastic热情的 D. productive多产的，这里指作者有很多朋友作品很多。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. debated争论，辩论 B. mixed混合 C. cooperated合作 D. disagreed有分歧，不一致，句意：2012年，各种各样与我意见相左的作家发表的文章都比我多得多。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. key关键的 B. handy 手边的 C. funny 有趣的 D. lively活泼的，由下文“My process is mine. My journey is mine. Each book finds its way on its own.”可知，此处讲得是：作者在过去20年里学到的最重要的一件事，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. temporary临时的 B. quick迅速的 C. possible可能的 D. flexible灵活的，由上下文可知，此处作者总结说写作生涯是一个长期的旅程。没有正确的方法。没有捷径可走。故选B。
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Company Names That Have Secret Meanings
Co-founder Larry Page was at a brainstorming session at Stanford for a new massive data indexing website. Someone suggested “googolplex”—one of the largest describable NUMBERS. Page shortened it to “googol.” When he later checked for the availability of the domain name, he made a mistake and typed in “google” instead. But he liked the name and registered it for himself and co-founder Sergey Brin.
This luxury car maker combined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it was started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named for the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701.
Company co-founder Gordon Bowker has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company name but also the origin of its logo has aroused great curiosity.
The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches. He settled on Rolex in 1908.
36. Which company name has a close relationship with literature?
A. Google. B. Cadillac.
C. Starbucks. D. Rolex.
37. Which of the following statements is True?
A. Google was adopted because “googol” was not available then.
B. Cadillac was named after the founding father of the company.
C. Starbucks was used due to the co-founder’s love for his town.
D. Hans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted.
【答案】36. C 37. D
【解析】
本文是说明文。介绍了四家公司名字背后蕴藏的故事。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文中That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick.星巴克联合创始人由小镇名Starbo，联想到了Herman Melville的《白鲸》可得知答案为C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。由原文“He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches.”可推断，他想要一个他想要一个容易说的名字，一个被普遍接受的名字，故选D。
B
If you could travel back in time five centuries, you’d encounter a freshly painted “Mona Lisa” in Renaissance Europe and cooler temperatures across the Northern Hemisphere. This was a world in the midst of the Little Ice Age and a period of vast European exploration now known as the Age of Discovery.
But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century? Would the world seem as different to us as the 21st century would have seemed to residents of the 16 century? For starters, what will the weather be like?
Depending on whom you ask, the 26th century will either be a little chilly or extremely hot. Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions. Other studies predict that ongoing climate change and fossil fuel use will leave much of the planet too hot for human life by 2300. Some experts date the beginning of human climate change back to the Industrial Revolution in the18oos, others to slash-and-burn agricultural practices in prehistoric times. Either way, tool-wielding humans alter their environment --- and our 26th century tools might be quite impressive indeed.
Theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku predicts that in a mere 100 years, humanity will make the leap from a type zero civilization to a type I civilization on the Kardashev Scale. In other words, we’ll become a species that can use the entire sum of a planet’s energy, mastering clean energy technologies such as fusion and solar power. Furthermore, they’ll be able to handle planetary energy in order to control global climate.
Technology has improved significantly since the 1500s, and this pace will likely continue in the centuries to come. Physicist Stephen Hawking proposes that by the year 2600, this growth would see 10 new theoretical physics papers published every 10 seconds. If Moore’s Law holds true and both computer speed and complexity double every 18 months, then some of these studies may be the work of highly intelligent machines.
What other technologies will shape the world of the 26th century? Futurist and author Adrian Berry believes the average human life span will reach 140 years and that the digital storage of human personalities will enable a computerized state of living forever. Humans will farm the oceans, travel in starships and reside in both lunar and Martian colonies while robots explore the outer cosmos.
38. Why does the author mention the Little Ice Age in the first paragraph?
A. To show the severity of the current global warming.
B. To stress the close connection with the current climate.
C. To provide contrast to the prediction of future climate.
D. To illustrate the importance of protecting the environment.
39. The prediction that Earth will cool down is based on _____.
A. changes in solar activity B. ongoing climate change
C. previous general assumptions D. current consumption of fossil fuel
40. What effect will the 26th century technologies have on human beings?
A. Humans will suffer from severe global warming.
B. Cyber technology helps human personalities survive.
C. Humans needn’t work with the application of robots.
D. Highly intelligent machines will replace humans.
【答案】38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为科普文。本文对5个世纪后的地球气候做了预测。
【38题详解】
篇章结构题。由第二段首句But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century?但是，如果我们能够展望未来500年并窥见26世纪的地球呢？可推断，第一段作者谈论历史出现的Litter Ice Age是为了和5世纪后的预测形成对比。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据设问中“cool down”得知考查的是地球将变凉快的假设，根据文章第三段第二句“Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions.” 一些太阳输出模型表明，到2500年，地球气候将会冷却到接近冰河期的水平，可知地球会变冷的预言是基于太阳活动变化。选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。通过最后一段第二句Futurist and author Adrian Berry believes the average human life span will reach 140 years and that the digital storage of human personalities will enable a computerized state of living forever.可得知人类个性的数字存储将使计算机化的永生状态成为可能，故选B。
【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2，The prediction that Earth will cool down is based on _____. 分析题干，根据设问中中心词“cool down”不难得知考查的是地球将变凉快的假设，故很容易锁定文章第三自然段，根据第二句“Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions.” 一些太阳输出模型表明，到2500年，地球气候将会冷却到接近冰河期的水平，可知地球会变冷的预言是基于太阳活动变化。选A。
C
How would you describe your style? Formal? Classical? Casual? Smart? First of all, what is style? Let’s hear a few words of wisdom from the wise. “Style is knowing who you are and what you want to say,” (Gore Vidal); “Style is an expression of individualism mixed with charm,” (John Fairchild); “Style is the perfection of a point of view,” (Robert Eberhart); “Style is a simple way of saying complicated things,” (Jean Cocteau); “Style is the dress of thoughts,” (Lord Chesterfield).
So, now you know what style is, you’ll need to buy some clothes. But where? In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at charity shops. They’re great if you want exclusive labels but don’t want to pay the price. The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are. But don’t worry, Leila Gray can help you here. She’s the proud owner of a vintage Hardy Amies coat, picked up at a charity shop for ￡20---a good deal when you realize it cost more than ￡800 new. “You have to go to the richer areas of a city,” she says. “That’s where all the labels are. It can take a bit of hunting around, but that is half the fun, and there’s a lot of buried treasure just waiting to be discovered.”
So, now you know where to buy your new, stylish clothes, how do you acquire your style? Experts say that mixing and matching from charity shops can help you find your own style----something that’s really you. That’s what Scottish musician Morus did. “My fashion tip is this,” he says, “Look at yourself with the eye of a graphic designer. If you can’t be attractive, aim for ‘interesting’ or ‘original’.” Momus’ unique style could even make him happier, too. As psychologist Marilyn Elias explains, the happiest people “judge themselves by their own yardsticks, never against what others do or have”.
Shoichi Aoki, the founder of Japanese street style magazine FRUiTS, agrees. “I think real fashion is what people wear on the streets, the clothes that they wear, the way that they wear them,” he says. “What you see in fashion magazines and on models has been styled and it’s more commercial.” He says that his inspiration for FRUiTS came from people combining traditional Japanese clothing such as the kimono and “geta” (Japanese wooden clogs) with Western fashion. “This really caught my eye,” Aoki adds. These styles may seem wild, but Aoki’s idea is not: be bold, be creative and find something that suits you.
Maybe it’s time to create your own look. There are many online guides to help you. Perhaps the best advice comes from a website called wikiHow, “If you see something you like,” it says, “feel free to copy, but don’t make yourself a clone… mix it up and make it yours.” Think about it!
41. What should you first do to choose they style that best suits you?
A. Follow the images of the wise people. B. Go for whatever is fashionable.
C. Simplify complicated expressions. D. Figure out what a true style is.
42. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Getting clothes of leading brands. B. Buying clothes at rather low prices.
C. Searching for really good bargains. D. Starting a charity shop selling clothes.
43. What is the focus of Shoichi Aoki and his magazine FRUiTS?
A. Commercialization of fashion magazines.
B. Expression of something personal and creative.
C. Designing fashionable wear for men in the street.
D. Promoting Japanese traditional clothing worldwide.
44. What is probably the best title for the passage?
A. How to find the style that suits you B. Where to pick up a bargain
C. What to wear to develop your style D. Whom to model to be popular
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A
【解析】
本文为议论文。讲述的是风格时尚是什么，如何实现自我的风格时尚。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段How would you describe your style? Formal? Classical? Casual? Smart? First of all, what is style? 提出的设问，“你怎样描述你的风格？”和“首先，什么是风格？”可知，要选择自己的风格，首先要弄明白究竟什么是真正的“style”，故选D。
【42题详解】
词义指代题。that通常指代上文的事物，本段第二句指出In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at charity shops. They’re great if you want exclusive labels but don’t want to pay the price，得知答案为寻找真正物美价廉的商品。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文中倒数第二段最后一句These styles may seem wild, but Aoki' idea is not: be bold, be creative and find something that suits you.可知和服给Shoichi Aoki带来的是创刊的灵感，因此答案为B。
【44题详解】
标题判断题。本文从设问“你怎样描述你的风格？”和“首先，什么是风格？”开始，探讨了如何找到适合自己的风格，故选A。
D
J.K. Rowling is the author of the most successful book series in history, but her attempt to take on a new career as a screenwriter hasn’t been as smooth as she may have thought it would be. The sequel(续篇), “Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald”, shows that even the most successful author in the world is in need of checks and balances when making the transition to cinema.
Following the sale of half a billion copies of the Harry Potter series, Rowling is working hard to extend and enrich the mythology she created around the child wizard. In contrast to the eight Harry Potter movies, which were based on the seven books and most of which were written by experienced screenwriter Steve Kloves, the “Fantastic Beasts” series is scripted only by Rowling. This time she skipped the bookstores and went straight to the movie theater.
The “Fantastic Beasts” series takes its title from one of Harry Potter’s textbooks. The leap backward in time, a new set of adult heroes and a globe-spanning background show that Rowling is in tune with her fans and the spirit of the times. Harry Potter and his friends started out as a typical product of 1990s naivety, but since then the loyal veteran audience has experienced the shocks of the 21st century and grown mature and discouraged. The “Fantastic Beasts” series feel less like children’s fare; they deal with adults and frightening events that occurred in Europe at the end of the 1920s.
It’s 1927, and the criminal Grindelwald has escaped from prison to Europe. The hero, Newt Scamander, a zoologist of fantastic beasts, prefers to distance himself from politics and maintain his improvised nature reserve in London. But the young Prof. Dumbledore reminds him that neutrality is not an option in hard times. Dumbledore urges him to cross the Channel to Paris and stop Grindelwald, who is trying to plot a war to ensure the purity of the wizard race.
The rough outline of the plot constitutes only part of the movie. There are many other characters who appear in the mystery. I will mention the boy Credence who continues to have a central role in the struggle between the hero and the villain, even as his background remains a mystery. Similarly, Newt’s brother and partner, the snake-woman Nagini, and other new and old characters hint at an obscure past and future. Rowling populates her world with characters large and small, odd beasts and simplifies its story to lay the foundation work of the universe. The film lays strong foundations of mystery, but forgets to build any sort of structure above them. It’s like a construction site where the budget ran out too fast.
With movie screens full of superheroes and fantasy films, and every studio trying to float a fictional universe, Rowling is today’s most creative builder of cinema worlds, but there’s still a difference between her and a mega-corporation like Disney. Every character and beast is there because Rowling said so, not because the marketing division thought it would promote sales of merchandise. Rowling clearly has a true passion to create a mythology, and just as clearly, she hasn’t yet finished creating it.
The “Fantastic Beasts” series offers a world even fuller than that of Harry Potter. Once more she collaborates with David Yates, who directed the last four Harry Potter movies and now the two “Fantastic Beasts” pictures. Still, the world she’s created would be even more wondrous if Rowling had only filled it out with a crystallized or at least coherent plot. In the Harry Potter series, she mostly succeeded in making the films into independent works. But without experienced screenwriters to mediate between her imagination and the screen, the two “Fantastic Beasts” episodes are more like a chess game in which the creator moves characters from A to B as part of a broader strategy---which remains unclear.
“Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald” is a film made for existing fans and doesn’t bother to appeal to a new audience. Not by chance does it offer a more mature world for fans who have grown up at least as much as Daniel Radcliffe. For them, the movie delivers the goods, but little of the magic remains. If Rowling continues to put out films without a beginning and an end, her world will collapse, leaving only the middle. It may be entertainment with captivating characters and effects, but it’s not a movie.
45. What changes has J.K. Rowling made in her writing career?
A. She was forced to abandon her original writing career and start a new one.
B. She was determined to skip the bookstores and publish books on her own.
C. She started a new fantasy book having nothing to do with the Harry Potter series.
D. She tried to enrich the Harry Potter series as a screenwriter rather than a novelist.
46. Who are probably the target audience of the “Fantastic Beasts” series?
A. Kids newly introduced to magic. B. Teenage students with grand dreams.
C. Adults going through life changes. D. Professional critics of fantasy books.
47. What are the features of the “Fantastic Beasts” series?
A. Complex story and exciting characters.
B. Simple story but abundant characters.
C. Childish story and strange characters.
D. Sad story but inspiring characters.
48. Big corporations like Disney choose movie characters and beasts based on _____.
A. potential profitability of the movies B. preference of their screenwriters
C. consultation with the original author D. investigation into successful films
49. How does the author explain Rowling’s failure to create a clear plot?
A. By describing shooting processes. B. By listing official statistics.
C. By drawing a comparison. D. By citing examples.
50. What does the author think of J. K. Rowling’s performance as a screenwriter?
A. It is really a disappointment for movie goers.
B. It is widely acknowledged by her book fans.
C. There exits much more magic in her screenplay.
D. There is still much room for improvement.
【答案】45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章对J.K. Rowling的新角色—《神奇动物在哪里》编剧做了评价，同时涉及到部分《神奇动物在哪里》情节和人物相关知识。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“her attempt to take on a new career as a screenwriter hasn’t been as smooth as she may have thought it would be”和第二段的“Following the sale of half a billion copies of the Harry Potter series, Rowling is working hard to extend and enrich the mythology she created around the child wizard.”以及“the “Fantastic Beasts” series is scripted only by Rowling. This time she skipped the bookstores and went straight to the movie theater.”可知J.K. Rowling开始尝试从事做编剧而不是小说家来丰富自己的哈利波特系列。故选D。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “The Fantastic Beasts series feel less like children s fare; they deal with adults and frightening events that occurred in Europe at the end of the 1920s.”得知《神奇动物在哪里》系列不太像儿童电影;这个系列处讨论成人事件，涉及20世纪20年代末发生在欧洲的可怕事件。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段 “Rowling populates her world with characters large and small, odd beasts and simplifies its story to lay the foundation work of the universe.”《神奇动物在哪里》包括大大小小的、稀奇古怪的动物角色，并且Rowling简化了故事情节，可知此书故事简单，人物丰富。答案为B选项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“With movie screens full of superheroes and fantasy films, and every studio trying to float a fictional universe,… but there s still a difference between her and a mega-corporation like Disney. Every character and beast is there because Rowling said so, not because the marketing division thought it would promote sales of merchandise. ” 如今的电影屏幕上充斥着超级英雄和奇幻电影，每家电影公司都在努力营造一个虚构的世界,而她和迪斯尼这样的大公司还是有区别的，不是因为市场部认为它会促进商品的销售。可知像迪士尼这样的大公司选择的电影角色和野兽都是基于电影的潜在盈利能力，故选A。
【49题详解】
篇章结构题。根据文章倒数第二段 “The Fantastic Beasts series offers a world even fuller than that of Harry Potter.”“ In the Harry Potter series, she mostly succeeded in making the films into independent works.”和“But without…, the two Fantastic Beasts episodes are more like a chess game…”可知作者是通过对比《哈利波特》的成功案例，来解释罗琳没有创造一个清晰的情节的原因的，而故选C。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“If Rowling continues to put out films without a beginning and an end, her world will collapse, leaving only the middle. It may be entertainment with captivating characters and effects, but it s not a movie.”可知，作者认为J. K.罗琳作为一个编剧还有很大的提升空间。答案选D
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应的题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you).
This is especially true for the development of emotional intelligence because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple facets of EI. The key is to find one that guarantees confidentiality to those giving you feedback and that is focused on development and not on performance assessment.
Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in hour sense of self that being intrinsically(内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations(渴望). Understanding the impacts of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over the long haul as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.
Once you’ve determined which EI skills you want to focus on, identify specific actions that you’ll take. If you’re working on becoming a better listener, for example, you might decide that when you’re conversing with someone you’ll take the time to pause, listen to what they have to say, and check that you understand before you reply. Keep it specific. You should also take every naturally occurring opportunity to practice the skill you’re developing, no matter how small.
By starting to change your routine reactions, you’ll be well on your way to figuring out the old habits that aren’t serving you well and transforming them into new, improved ones that do.
Passage outline
Supporting details
Introduction
Though globally acknowledged, EI still ___51___ professionals, for they aren’t aware of how to improve it.
Approaches to strengthening EI
Spot the ___52___ between self-perception and reputation
●With external reality check, we are ___53___ of understanding our interactions accurately.
●We are ___54___ to change our behavior by getting an outside feedback.
●We are expected to ___55___ how self-perception differs from reputation in all aspects.
Find out what ___56___ to us
We should clearly ___57___ our goals and focus our effort on improving ourselves instead of just learning a skill.
___58___ the outside feedback with our goals can give us support on the way to strengthening our EI.
Identify what changes we will make
Be ___59___about the actions and take advantage of every possible opportunity to practice EI skills.
Summary
___60___ useless old habits and develop new ones in areas for improvement others have identified with your own goals to strengthen your EI.
【答案】51. confuses/puzzles
52. differences
53. capable
54. motivated
55. assess 56. matters/counts
57. recognize/know/identify
58. Combining
59. specific/clear/explicit
60. Remove/Abandon/Quit
【解析】
本文探讨了提高情商的方法：了解自我认知与声誉之间的区别，明确目标，确定改变具体的行动。
【51题详解】
本题考查对第一段文本的概括能力。文章开篇说到，随着情商（EI）的概念已经全球化，我们已经看到一些专业人士在试图提高自己的情商时失败了，情商让他们很困惑，不知道该怎么提高，所以答案为confuses/puzzles。
【52题详解】
本题考查对第二段文本信息的转述能力。第一步是了解你的自我认知（你如何看待自己）与你的声誉（别人如何看待你）是不同的。从文本中的differ一词可以得到答案differences。
【53题详解】
本题考查对第三段文本的概括能力。如果没有这种外部现实的检验，你就很难确定你的行为会如何影响你的表现。有了这种检验，我们就能够准确理解我们的内在行为了，根据空格前后，可以得到答案capable。
【54题详解】
本题考查对第三段文本信息的转述能力。信息源在第三段最后一句：Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.从别人那里得到反馈也可以证明我们有必要改变我们的行为和动机。结合句中的motivation，可以转述成motivated。
【55题详解】
本题考查对第四段文本信息的转述能力。根据第四段的“To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple facets of EI.”可知，我们要评估自我感知与声誉在各个方面的不同之处。 assessment中可以得到答案assess。故填assess。
【56题详解】
本题考查对第五段文本的提炼能力。由第五段可知，当你从评估中得到反馈时，你应该从中知道你想要改进的内容。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。这就意味着你要找出什么对你而言是重要的(matters/counts)。故填matters/counts。
【57题详解】
本题考查对第五段文本的概括能力。根据第五段“when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are.”这就要清楚识别我们的目标是什么，故填recognize/know/identify。
【58题详解】
本题考查对第六短信息归纳能力。根据第六段的That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations.可知，这意味着你选择积极工作的领域应该处于你得到的反馈和对你自己认为最重要的领域的交叉点上。因此，要把外部反馈和自我目标相结合，故答案是combining。
【59题详解】
本题考查对第七段文本信息理解能力。由第七段可知，一旦你决定了你想专注于哪些EI技能，就要确定你将采取的具体行动。关注到文本中的specific。故填specific/clear/explicit。
【60题详解】
本题考查对最后一段文本的概括能力。由最后一段可知，通过开始改变你的日常反应，你将会很好地发现那些对你无益的旧习惯，并将它们转化为新的、改进过的习惯。因此要去除无用的旧习惯，故填Remove/Abandon/Quit。
第五部分书面表达（满分 25 分）
61.请认真阅读下面的图文信息,并按要求用英语写一篇 150 字左右的文章。
Sports classes are very important to students’ health and overall well-being. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated that over the past three years obesity in children and adolescents has doubled because of diet and lack of activity.
A recent survey by the China Youth Daily showed that 64.7 percent of the 2,003 respondents found sports classes in middle schools unsatisfactory.
The government has begun to address the problem. According to a guideline on high school entrance exam reform released by the Ministry of Education in 2016, scores of physical education will be considered in enrollment for senior high schools.
【写作内容】
1. 用约 30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2. 结合上述信息,简要分析目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因;
3. 就如何改进目前中学体育课现状提出你的建议(不少于两点).
【写作要求】
（1）写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
（2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（3）文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（4）不必写标题。
【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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【答案】Critical as sports classes are to students, approximately two thirds of the respondents of a recent survey are dissatisfied with them. Luckily, some measures have been taken to address them. The reasons behind this are various. To begin with, schools and even some parents are indifferent to sports classes, which makes it possible for other classes to occupy sports classes. Besides, students are burdened with great academic stress, leaving them inadequate time for sports. Furthermore, imperfect sports facilities also lead to students’ low level of participation. Something must be done to improve the situation. First of all, the government should allocate funds to improve facilities for sports. Also, schools are expected to ease the academic burden on students and allow them to have more time to rest and develop their interesting sports. Meanwhile, professional sports teachers are supposed to be employed to ensure that students have adequate sports classes. ( 150 words )
【解析】
【详解】本文属于图表类作文，采用了“材料-图形-提纲”的形式，综合考查考生阅读材料，试图和写作能力。材料分为三部分，第一部分用约 30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；第二部分综合上述信息,简要分析目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因;第三部分就如何改进目前中学体育课现状提出你的建议。
【点睛】本文第一部分用30个词概括了所给的材料，第一句用了as引导的让步状语从句Critical as sports classes are to students,…，显示了较强的语言驾驭能力。第二部分分析了目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因，To begin with ，Besides， Furthermore等词的运用使得结构紧凑；第三部分提出建议，句型多样，条理清晰，多个高级词汇及短语的应用，如allocate funds，improve facilities，are expected to，ease the academic burden on students，allow them to，have more time to，ensure，adequate等给文章增色许多。
英语试题
本卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），满分120分。考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the man ask the woman to do?
A.Park the car elsewhere.
B.Drive along a quiet street.
C.Stop here for a short while.
2.What will the weather be like this weekend?
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
3. Which course does the man suggest the woman take?
A. Physics. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Eating dessert. B. Reading a book. C. Taking out the rubbish.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A painting. B. A photograph. C. A basket.
7. Where did the man find the thing?
A. In an art gallery. B. On the street. C. At a hospital.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman decided not to wear the first dress?
A. It is torn. B. It is uncomfortable. C. It is the wrong color.
9. What will the speakers do tonight?
A. Do some shopping. B. Select a gift. C. Attend a concert.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What was the boy just doing?
A. Collecting the leaves. B. Cutting the grass. C. Watering the flowers.
11. What is the boy saving up for?
A. A motorbike. B. A computer. C. A car.
12. What will the speakers do later?
A. See a movie. B. Take a walk. C. Run kin the park.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A class project. A. A reality TV show. C. The woman’s family.
14. What did the woman do at the man’s home last time?
A. She gave a short presentation.
B. She watched a game with them.
C. She discussed an important topic with them.
15. What did the teacher tell the speakers to do?
A. Try to be funny.
B. Give background information.
C. Talk about the global climate.
16. How many people live in the man’s house?
A. Five. B. Seven. C. Twelve.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17. What time did the speaker expect to hear the alarm?
A. At 7:00. B. At 8:00. C. At 9:00.
18. Which piece of the speaker’s clothing was clean?
A. The shirt. B. The pants. CV. The tie.
19. Where did the speaker go right after getting dressed?
A. The kitchen. B. The bathroom. C. The bedroom.
20. How did Karen probably feel in the end?
A. Grateful. B. Anxious. C. Surprised.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1.The health of garden plants depends on the soil _____ --the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air and water.
A. construction B. conservation
C. corporation D. composition.
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意为：园林植物的健康取决于土壤的组成——矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。construction 建设，建筑；conservation 保存，保护；corporation 法人，股份公司，市政府；composition 创作，成分。根据句意，选D。
2.Last December China _____ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the country’s reform and opening-up.
A. distinguished B. sponsored
C. acknowledged D. evaluated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：去年12月，中国表彰了对国家改革开放作出杰出贡献的100名中国人和10名外国人。acknowledge在此句中表示“express thanks for (sth) 为（某事物）表示感谢”。 distinguish区别, 辨别； sponsor赞助； evaluate 评估。根据句意，选C。
3.Her doctor indicated that even adding a(n) _____ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.
A. modest B. equal
C. considerable D. exact
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：她的医生表示，即使增加不多的日常锻炼，也会极大地改善她的健康。modest 谦逊的，不大的；适度的；equal 相等的，平等的；considerable 相当多的，相当大的；exact准确的，精确的。根据句意，选A。
4.Computer-controlled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done _______.
A. artificially B. manually
C. comprehensively D. gradually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意为：计算机控制的机器人接管了许多行业中的工作，而这些工作过去都是手工完成的。artificially人造地，人为地，不自然地；manually手工地；comprehensively 全面地； gradually渐渐地。根据句意，选B。
5.____ clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.
A. On top of B. In the silence of
C. On account of D. In the absence of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意为：没有清晰的目标，我们就会莫名其妙地忠于职守，直到最终成为它们的奴隶。On top of 除……之外； In the silence of 在寂静中；On account of 由于；in the absence of缺乏。根据句意，选D。
6.A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.
A. as B. who
C. whom D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿，这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。定语从句的先行词为babies，且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词who引导从句。故选B。
7.Never turn down a job because you think it’s too small. You don’t know _____ it can lead.
A. how B. where
C. whether D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意为：不要因为觉得工作太小就拒绝它，你不知道它能引向何方。know后面接了宾语从句，lead是不及物动词，后面不缺成分，故用副词引导从句，根据句意，选B。
8.---I don’t understand why Catherine stopped short _____ she ought to have continued.
---It’s obvious that she lacked self-confidence.
A. when B. while
C. if D. as
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意为：——我不明白为什么凯瑟琳本该继续下去，却突然停了下来。——显然她缺乏自信。when在此表示“虽然，尽管”。while表示“尽管”必须置句首；if表示“如果”；as表示“尽管”需倒装。故选A。
9.Guangdong province rolled out new guidelines, _____ offensive nicknames and online violence as school bullying.
A. defining B. defined
C. to define D. having defined
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为：广东省出台了新的规定，明确规定侮辱性绰号和网络暴力均属于校园欺凌。谓语都吃腻是rolled out是谓语动词，故define用非谓语动词形式，define与其逻辑主语guidelines之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选A。
10.It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he _____ as an interpreter in a foreign enterprise.
A. served B. had served
C. is serving D. would serve
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意为：吉米不教高中生已经快五年了，他现在在一家外企做翻译。从前半句看，吉米不教高中生已经快五年了，后半句说的是他现在在外企做翻译，故用现在进行时。此题的关键是对前半句要理解准确，不能理解为“吉米教高中已经快五年了”。故选C。
11.---We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale _____.
--- Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online?
A. fell through B. got through
C. cleared up D. looked up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语动词。句意为：——我们为我们的房子找到了一个买主，但后来买卖失败了。——为什么不在网上登个广告来宣传呢？fall through表示“落空; 成为泡影”。get through 用完，完成，考试及格，接通电话；clear up 转晴，清理，清除疑虑；look up 仰视，改善，查阅。根据句意，选A。
12.Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ______ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.
A. would never succeed B. never succeeded
C. would never have succeeded D. have never succeeded
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意为：贝利是很有天赋，但是如果没有处理生活中遇到的所有问题的决心，他是永远不会成功的。从句中的had看，此句讲的是过去的情况。本句是由without呈现的含蓄虚拟语气，且空格所在的地方是主句，谓语动词用would have +过去分词，否定式加never，置于would后面。故选C。
13.He was still full of optimism for the future despite many problems, and never once ______ him get worried or upset.
A. I saw B. I would see
C. did I see D. would I see
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句式。句意为：尽管有许多问题，他对未来仍然充满乐观，我从未见过他感到忧虑或不安。and连接两个并列句，后面一个句子是以否定词never开头，故用倒装结构，助动词置于主语前，且从前面的句子时态来看，确定是用一般过去时，故选C。
【点睛】本句考查倒装句式。否定状语放在句首，主句用倒装语序是常考的语法点，熟练掌握这一语法点对阅读理解和写作都有很大益处，现总结如下：
“强调否定状语的倒装句”是指为了强调句子中针对全句的否定状语， 将其置于句首所引起部分倒装结构。常考的放于句首引起部分倒装的含有否定意义的状语有： never, seldom, rarely, little, few, hardly/scarcely when , no sooner than , at no time, by no means, no longer, not only but also , not until, nowhere, neither nor 等。
例如：
Hardly had she spoken than she regretted it bitterly. 话刚出口，她就后悔不迭。
Never shall I forget this lesson. 我绝对不会忘记这个教训。
No sooner had I got into the house than the phone rang. 我刚进屋，电话铃就响了。
At no time did he lose his self-control. 他始终没有失去控制力。
注意： 如果放在句首的否定状语只否定主语或句中的副词， 而不针对全句， 就不用进行倒装。例如：
Not a soul was anywhere visible. 到处见不到一个人。
Hardly anybody believes that. 几乎没有人相信那件事。//
Not long ago it rained. 不久前下过雨。
14.I was telling a joke and Sam just interrupted me to tell a different one. He always _____!
A. bites his tongue B. saves his skin
C. steals my thunder D. pulls my leg
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查习语。句意为：我正在讲一个笑话，山姆却打断了我，他自己讲了另一个。他总是抢走我的风头！bite one’s tongue强忍着不说出自己的想法或感觉；save one’s skin免受伤害﹑ 损失﹑ 惩罚等；steal one’s thunder 抢在某人之前或贬低某人的言行使之不受他人注意；pull one’s leg开某人玩笑。根据句意，选C。
15.---I’ve heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right? ______
--- Many thanks.
A. Good for you B. You asked for it
C. There you are D. You’ve gone too far
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情境交际。句意为：——我听说过很多关于你的事，你升职了，对吗？真为你高兴。——非常感谢！Good for you真为你高兴，祝贺你；You asked for it你自找的；There you are给你，就是这样；You’ve gone too far 你太过分了。根据句意，选A。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I first started writing in the summer of 1998. Back then I was a teacher. After years of dreaming, I decided it was finally time to write a book. For 10 years I wrote, ___16___ four middle-grade novels and six pictures books almost only to editors. This was ___17___ in the snail-mail age. Remember the ___18___ you experienced as a child waiting for birthday presents to arrive in the mail? That was me for the better part of a decade.
In Spring 2009, at the last minute, I decided to hand in a middle-grade historical novel-in-verse to a ___19___ at a local writing conference. I knew in my heart that it was my ___20___ work, but I wasn’t sure how it would be ___21___ alongside pieces meant for the adult market. But then ----I won. My prize ___22___ a one-on-one interview with an editor who, after ___23___ my manuscript, asked, “Why don’t you have a(n) ___24___ yet?”
Not long after that, I ___25___ with my first agent. Then in 2013, after parting with my first agent, I was again faced with the ___26___ for representation. This time I submitted to three agencies and got two ___27___. Over the span of 20 years, I’ve got 18 completed manuscripts and was ___28___ almost 350 times. It took me 14 years to see my first book ___29___ the shelf. You could look at these numbers and get pretty ___30___. I can look at these numbers and feel the same. I know plenty of people with a ___31___ apprenticeship(学徒期). I have friends who have been more ___32___. All sorts of authors I ___33___ with in 2012 have published far more than I have. But here’s the ___34___ thing I’ve learned in the last 20 years: My process is mine. My journey is mine. Each book finds its way on its own.
The writing life is a long-term journey. There is no right way. There is no ___35___ fix. There is no easy road. There is a lot of frustration and disappointment, but there is joy and satisfaction, too.
16. A. submitting B. lending C. keeping D. presenting
17. A. soon B. back C. already D. later
18. A. appreciation B. entertainment C. anticipation D. embarrassment
19. A. publisher B. newspaper C. reception D. competition
20. A. initial B. casual C. innovative D. subjective
21. A. criticized B. processed C. received D. distributed
22. A. followed B. concluded C. ensured D. confirmed
23. A. correcting B. polishing C. monitoring D. reviewing
24. A. agent B. client C. instructor D. fan
25. A. signed B. bargained C. dealt D. reasoned
26. A. excuse B. affection C. hunt D. request
27. A. offers B. substitutions C. professions D. complaints
28. A. registered B. rejected C. defeated D. deserted
29. A. under B. beside C. off D. on
30. A. amused B. inspired C. touched D. frustrated
31. A. longer B. heavier C. shorter D. newer
32. A. famous B. intelligent C. enthusiastic D. productive
33. A. debated B. mixed C. cooperated D. disagreed
34. A. key B. handy C. funny D. lively
35. A. temporary B. quick C. possible D. flexible
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
本文为议论文，作者回忆了自己的写作经历，感悟到写作生涯是一个长期的旅程，没有正确的方法，没有捷径可走。有很多挫折和失望，但也有喜悦和满足。
【16题详解】
考查词义辨析。A. submitting提交 B. lending借 C. keeping 保持 D. presenting呈现，赠送。作者十年的写作期间，向编辑提交了几部小说和图画书，故选A。
【17题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. soon很快 B. back以前，过去 C. already已经 D. later后来。作者回忆自己写作时还是过去信件还需要邮寄的年代，故选B。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. appreciation欣赏 B. entertainment娱乐 C. anticipation希望，预感 D. embarrassment尴尬，困窘，根据下文“That was me for the better part of a decade.”那是我十年中较好的一段时光，因此可知此处句意：还记得小时候你希望收到生日礼物的经历吗? 故选C。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义。A. publisher出版者 B. newspaper报纸 C. reception接待 D. competition竞争，比赛，这里指作者在2009年春天参加了一次当地的写作会议，提交了作品来参赛，故选D。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. initial最初的 B. casual休闲的，随意的 C. innovative创新的，革新的 D. subjective主观的，个人的，作者内心知道这是他的革新之作，故选C。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. criticized批评 B. processed加工 C. received接到，收到 D. distributed分布，作者担心自己的作品是否可以被人们接受，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. followed跟随 B. concluded结束 C. ensured 确保 D. confirmed证实，批准，作者获奖以一次一对一与编辑面谈的机会作为结束。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义。A. correcting 纠正 B. polishing 磨光，改进 C. monitoring监控 D. reviewing复习，评论。编辑审阅了我的手稿。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. agent 代理人 B. client客户 C. instructor教师 D. fan迷；编辑向作者提议应该有一个代理人，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义。A. signed签字 B. bargained 交易 C. dealt处理 D. reasoned推论，不久之后，作者签约了第一位代理人，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. excuse原谅 B. affection影响 C. hunt寻找 D. request请求，在与第一个经纪人分手后，作者又一次面临寻找代理人的问题。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. offers提供 B. substitutions替代 C. professions专业 D. complaints投诉，这次我向三家中介提交了申请，得到了两份回应。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. registered登记 B. rejected拒绝 C. defeated 打败 D. deserted遗弃，在20年的时间里，作者已经完成了18篇手稿，其中被拒绝了将近350次。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查介词词义。我花了14年的时间才在书架上看到我的第一本书。在书架上，用介词on，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. amused愉悦的 B. inspired 受启发的 C. touched感动的 D. frustrated受挫的；沮丧的，看着这些数字，你会感到沮丧挫败，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词比较级。A. longer 更长 B. heavier更重 C. shorter 更短 D. newer更新的，作者认识很多学徒期更短的人，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. famous 著名 B. intelligent聪明的 C. enthusiastic热情的 D. productive多产的，这里指作者有很多朋友作品很多。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. debated争论，辩论 B. mixed混合 C. cooperated合作 D. disagreed有分歧，不一致，句意：2012年，各种各样与我意见相左的作家发表的文章都比我多得多。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. key关键的 B. handy 手边的 C. funny 有趣的 D. lively活泼的，由下文“My process is mine. My journey is mine. Each book finds its way on its own.”可知，此处讲得是：作者在过去20年里学到的最重要的一件事，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. temporary临时的 B. quick迅速的 C. possible可能的 D. flexible灵活的，由上下文可知，此处作者总结说写作生涯是一个长期的旅程。没有正确的方法。没有捷径可走。故选B。
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Company Names That Have Secret Meanings
Co-founder Larry Page was at a brainstorming session at Stanford for a new massive data indexing website. Someone suggested “googolplex”—one of the largest describable NUMBERS. Page shortened it to “googol.” When he later checked for the availability of the domain name, he made a mistake and typed in “google” instead. But he liked the name and registered it for himself and co-founder Sergey Brin.
This luxury car maker combined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it was started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named for the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701.
Company co-founder Gordon Bowker has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company name but also the origin of its logo has aroused great curiosity.
The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches. He settled on Rolex in 1908.
36. Which company name has a close relationship with literature?
A. Google. B. Cadillac.
C. Starbucks. D. Rolex.
37. Which of the following statements is True?
A. Google was adopted because “googol” was not available then.
B. Cadillac was named after the founding father of the company.
C. Starbucks was used due to the co-founder’s love for his town.
D. Hans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted.
【答案】36. C 37. D
【解析】
本文是说明文。介绍了四家公司名字背后蕴藏的故事。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文中That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick.星巴克联合创始人由小镇名Starbo，联想到了Herman Melville的《白鲸》可得知答案为C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。由原文“He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches.”可推断，他想要一个他想要一个容易说的名字，一个被普遍接受的名字，故选D。
B
If you could travel back in time five centuries, you’d encounter a freshly painted “Mona Lisa” in Renaissance Europe and cooler temperatures across the Northern Hemisphere. This was a world in the midst of the Little Ice Age and a period of vast European exploration now known as the Age of Discovery.
But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century? Would the world seem as different to us as the 21st century would have seemed to residents of the 16 century? For starters, what will the weather be like?
Depending on whom you ask, the 26th century will either be a little chilly or extremely hot. Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions. Other studies predict that ongoing climate change and fossil fuel use will leave much of the planet too hot for human life by 2300. Some experts date the beginning of human climate change back to the Industrial Revolution in the18oos, others to slash-and-burn agricultural practices in prehistoric times. Either way, tool-wielding humans alter their environment --- and our 26th century tools might be quite impressive indeed.
Theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku predicts that in a mere 100 years, humanity will make the leap from a type zero civilization to a type I civilization on the Kardashev Scale. In other words, we’ll become a species that can use the entire sum of a planet’s energy, mastering clean energy technologies such as fusion and solar power. Furthermore, they’ll be able to handle planetary energy in order to control global climate.
Technology has improved significantly since the 1500s, and this pace will likely continue in the centuries to come. Physicist Stephen Hawking proposes that by the year 2600, this growth would see 10 new theoretical physics papers published every 10 seconds. If Moore’s Law holds true and both computer speed and complexity double every 18 months, then some of these studies may be the work of highly intelligent machines.
What other technologies will shape the world of the 26th century? Futurist and author Adrian Berry believes the average human life span will reach 140 years and that the digital storage of human personalities will enable a computerized state of living forever. Humans will farm the oceans, travel in starships and reside in both lunar and Martian colonies while robots explore the outer cosmos.
38. Why does the author mention the Little Ice Age in the first paragraph?
A. To show the severity of the current global warming.
B. To stress the close connection with the current climate.
C. To provide contrast to the prediction of future climate.
D. To illustrate the importance of protecting the environment.
39. The prediction that Earth will cool down is based on _____.
A. changes in solar activity B. ongoing climate change
C. previous general assumptions D. current consumption of fossil fuel
40. What effect will the 26th century technologies have on human beings?
A. Humans will suffer from severe global warming.
B. Cyber technology helps human personalities survive.
C. Humans needn’t work with the application of robots.
D. Highly intelligent machines will replace humans.
【答案】38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为科普文。本文对5个世纪后的地球气候做了预测。
【38题详解】
篇章结构题。由第二段首句But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century?但是，如果我们能够展望未来500年并窥见26世纪的地球呢？可推断，第一段作者谈论历史出现的Litter Ice Age是为了和5世纪后的预测形成对比。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据设问中“cool down”得知考查的是地球将变凉快的假设，根据文章第三段第二句“Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions.” 一些太阳输出模型表明，到2500年，地球气候将会冷却到接近冰河期的水平，可知地球会变冷的预言是基于太阳活动变化。选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。通过最后一段第二句Futurist and author Adrian Berry believes the average human life span will reach 140 years and that the digital storage of human personalities will enable a computerized state of living forever.可得知人类个性的数字存储将使计算机化的永生状态成为可能，故选B。
【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2，The prediction that Earth will cool down is based on _____. 分析题干，根据设问中中心词“cool down”不难得知考查的是地球将变凉快的假设，故很容易锁定文章第三自然段，根据第二句“Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions.” 一些太阳输出模型表明，到2500年，地球气候将会冷却到接近冰河期的水平，可知地球会变冷的预言是基于太阳活动变化。选A。
C
How would you describe your style? Formal? Classical? Casual? Smart? First of all, what is style? Let’s hear a few words of wisdom from the wise. “Style is knowing who you are and what you want to say,” (Gore Vidal); “Style is an expression of individualism mixed with charm,” (John Fairchild); “Style is the perfection of a point of view,” (Robert Eberhart); “Style is a simple way of saying complicated things,” (Jean Cocteau); “Style is the dress of thoughts,” (Lord Chesterfield).
So, now you know what style is, you’ll need to buy some clothes. But where? In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at charity shops. They’re great if you want exclusive labels but don’t want to pay the price. The only difficulty is discovering where the really good bargains are. But don’t worry, Leila Gray can help you here. She’s the proud owner of a vintage Hardy Amies coat, picked up at a charity shop for ￡20---a good deal when you realize it cost more than ￡800 new. “You have to go to the richer areas of a city,” she says. “That’s where all the labels are. It can take a bit of hunting around, but that is half the fun, and there’s a lot of buried treasure just waiting to be discovered.”
So, now you know where to buy your new, stylish clothes, how do you acquire your style? Experts say that mixing and matching from charity shops can help you find your own style----something that’s really you. That’s what Scottish musician Morus did. “My fashion tip is this,” he says, “Look at yourself with the eye of a graphic designer. If you can’t be attractive, aim for ‘interesting’ or ‘original’.” Momus’ unique style could even make him happier, too. As psychologist Marilyn Elias explains, the happiest people “judge themselves by their own yardsticks, never against what others do or have”.
Shoichi Aoki, the founder of Japanese street style magazine FRUiTS, agrees. “I think real fashion is what people wear on the streets, the clothes that they wear, the way that they wear them,” he says. “What you see in fashion magazines and on models has been styled and it’s more commercial.” He says that his inspiration for FRUiTS came from people combining traditional Japanese clothing such as the kimono and “geta” (Japanese wooden clogs) with Western fashion. “This really caught my eye,” Aoki adds. These styles may seem wild, but Aoki’s idea is not: be bold, be creative and find something that suits you.
Maybe it’s time to create your own look. There are many online guides to help you. Perhaps the best advice comes from a website called wikiHow, “If you see something you like,” it says, “feel free to copy, but don’t make yourself a clone… mix it up and make it yours.” Think about it!
41. What should you first do to choose they style that best suits you?
A. Follow the images of the wise people. B. Go for whatever is fashionable.
C. Simplify complicated expressions. D. Figure out what a true style is.
42. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Getting clothes of leading brands. B. Buying clothes at rather low prices.
C. Searching for really good bargains. D. Starting a charity shop selling clothes.
43. What is the focus of Shoichi Aoki and his magazine FRUiTS?
A. Commercialization of fashion magazines.
B. Expression of something personal and creative.
C. Designing fashionable wear for men in the street.
D. Promoting Japanese traditional clothing worldwide.
44. What is probably the best title for the passage?
A. How to find the style that suits you B. Where to pick up a bargain
C. What to wear to develop your style D. Whom to model to be popular
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A
【解析】
本文为议论文。讲述的是风格时尚是什么，如何实现自我的风格时尚。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段How would you describe your style? Formal? Classical? Casual? Smart? First of all, what is style? 提出的设问，“你怎样描述你的风格？”和“首先，什么是风格？”可知，要选择自己的风格，首先要弄明白究竟什么是真正的“style”，故选D。
【42题详解】
词义指代题。that通常指代上文的事物，本段第二句指出In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at charity shops. They’re great if you want exclusive labels but don’t want to pay the price，得知答案为寻找真正物美价廉的商品。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文中倒数第二段最后一句These styles may seem wild, but Aoki' idea is not: be bold, be creative and find something that suits you.可知和服给Shoichi Aoki带来的是创刊的灵感，因此答案为B。
【44题详解】
标题判断题。本文从设问“你怎样描述你的风格？”和“首先，什么是风格？”开始，探讨了如何找到适合自己的风格，故选A。
D
J.K. Rowling is the author of the most successful book series in history, but her attempt to take on a new career as a screenwriter hasn’t been as smooth as she may have thought it would be. The sequel(续篇), “Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald”, shows that even the most successful author in the world is in need of checks and balances when making the transition to cinema.
Following the sale of half a billion copies of the Harry Potter series, Rowling is working hard to extend and enrich the mythology she created around the child wizard. In contrast to the eight Harry Potter movies, which were based on the seven books and most of which were written by experienced screenwriter Steve Kloves, the “Fantastic Beasts” series is scripted only by Rowling. This time she skipped the bookstores and went straight to the movie theater.
The “Fantastic Beasts” series takes its title from one of Harry Potter’s textbooks. The leap backward in time, a new set of adult heroes and a globe-spanning background show that Rowling is in tune with her fans and the spirit of the times. Harry Potter and his friends started out as a typical product of 1990s naivety, but since then the loyal veteran audience has experienced the shocks of the 21st century and grown mature and discouraged. The “Fantastic Beasts” series feel less like children’s fare; they deal with adults and frightening events that occurred in Europe at the end of the 1920s.
It’s 1927, and the criminal Grindelwald has escaped from prison to Europe. The hero, Newt Scamander, a zoologist of fantastic beasts, prefers to distance himself from politics and maintain his improvised nature reserve in London. But the young Prof. Dumbledore reminds him that neutrality is not an option in hard times. Dumbledore urges him to cross the Channel to Paris and stop Grindelwald, who is trying to plot a war to ensure the purity of the wizard race.
The rough outline of the plot constitutes only part of the movie. There are many other characters who appear in the mystery. I will mention the boy Credence who continues to have a central role in the struggle between the hero and the villain, even as his background remains a mystery. Similarly, Newt’s brother and partner, the snake-woman Nagini, and other new and old characters hint at an obscure past and future. Rowling populates her world with characters large and small, odd beasts and simplifies its story to lay the foundation work of the universe. The film lays strong foundations of mystery, but forgets to build any sort of structure above them. It’s like a construction site where the budget ran out too fast.
With movie screens full of superheroes and fantasy films, and every studio trying to float a fictional universe, Rowling is today’s most creative builder of cinema worlds, but there’s still a difference between her and a mega-corporation like Disney. Every character and beast is there because Rowling said so, not because the marketing division thought it would promote sales of merchandise. Rowling clearly has a true passion to create a mythology, and just as clearly, she hasn’t yet finished creating it.
The “Fantastic Beasts” series offers a world even fuller than that of Harry Potter. Once more she collaborates with David Yates, who directed the last four Harry Potter movies and now the two “Fantastic Beasts” pictures. Still, the world she’s created would be even more wondrous if Rowling had only filled it out with a crystallized or at least coherent plot. In the Harry Potter series, she mostly succeeded in making the films into independent works. But without experienced screenwriters to mediate between her imagination and the screen, the two “Fantastic Beasts” episodes are more like a chess game in which the creator moves characters from A to B as part of a broader strategy---which remains unclear.
“Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald” is a film made for existing fans and doesn’t bother to appeal to a new audience. Not by chance does it offer a more mature world for fans who have grown up at least as much as Daniel Radcliffe. For them, the movie delivers the goods, but little of the magic remains. If Rowling continues to put out films without a beginning and an end, her world will collapse, leaving only the middle. It may be entertainment with captivating characters and effects, but it’s not a movie.
45. What changes has J.K. Rowling made in her writing career?
A. She was forced to abandon her original writing career and start a new one.
B. She was determined to skip the bookstores and publish books on her own.
C. She started a new fantasy book having nothing to do with the Harry Potter series.
D. She tried to enrich the Harry Potter series as a screenwriter rather than a novelist.
46. Who are probably the target audience of the “Fantastic Beasts” series?
A. Kids newly introduced to magic. B. Teenage students with grand dreams.
C. Adults going through life changes. D. Professional critics of fantasy books.
47. What are the features of the “Fantastic Beasts” series?
A. Complex story and exciting characters.
B. Simple story but abundant characters.
C. Childish story and strange characters.
D. Sad story but inspiring characters.
48. Big corporations like Disney choose movie characters and beasts based on _____.
A. potential profitability of the movies B. preference of their screenwriters
C. consultation with the original author D. investigation into successful films
49. How does the author explain Rowling’s failure to create a clear plot?
A. By describing shooting processes. B. By listing official statistics.
C. By drawing a comparison. D. By citing examples.
50. What does the author think of J. K. Rowling’s performance as a screenwriter?
A. It is really a disappointment for movie goers.
B. It is widely acknowledged by her book fans.
C. There exits much more magic in her screenplay.
D. There is still much room for improvement.
【答案】45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章对J.K. Rowling的新角色—《神奇动物在哪里》编剧做了评价，同时涉及到部分《神奇动物在哪里》情节和人物相关知识。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“her attempt to take on a new career as a screenwriter hasn’t been as smooth as she may have thought it would be”和第二段的“Following the sale of half a billion copies of the Harry Potter series, Rowling is working hard to extend and enrich the mythology she created around the child wizard.”以及“the “Fantastic Beasts” series is scripted only by Rowling. This time she skipped the bookstores and went straight to the movie theater.”可知J.K. Rowling开始尝试从事做编剧而不是小说家来丰富自己的哈利波特系列。故选D。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “The Fantastic Beasts series feel less like children s fare; they deal with adults and frightening events that occurred in Europe at the end of the 1920s.”得知《神奇动物在哪里》系列不太像儿童电影;这个系列处讨论成人事件，涉及20世纪20年代末发生在欧洲的可怕事件。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段 “Rowling populates her world with characters large and small, odd beasts and simplifies its story to lay the foundation work of the universe.”《神奇动物在哪里》包括大大小小的、稀奇古怪的动物角色，并且Rowling简化了故事情节，可知此书故事简单，人物丰富。答案为B选项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“With movie screens full of superheroes and fantasy films, and every studio trying to float a fictional universe,… but there s still a difference between her and a mega-corporation like Disney. Every character and beast is there because Rowling said so, not because the marketing division thought it would promote sales of merchandise. ” 如今的电影屏幕上充斥着超级英雄和奇幻电影，每家电影公司都在努力营造一个虚构的世界,而她和迪斯尼这样的大公司还是有区别的，不是因为市场部认为它会促进商品的销售。可知像迪士尼这样的大公司选择的电影角色和野兽都是基于电影的潜在盈利能力，故选A。
【49题详解】
篇章结构题。根据文章倒数第二段 “The Fantastic Beasts series offers a world even fuller than that of Harry Potter.”“ In the Harry Potter series, she mostly succeeded in making the films into independent works.”和“But without…, the two Fantastic Beasts episodes are more like a chess game…”可知作者是通过对比《哈利波特》的成功案例，来解释罗琳没有创造一个清晰的情节的原因的，而故选C。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“If Rowling continues to put out films without a beginning and an end, her world will collapse, leaving only the middle. It may be entertainment with captivating characters and effects, but it s not a movie.”可知，作者认为J. K.罗琳作为一个编剧还有很大的提升空间。答案选D
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应的题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
As the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has gone global, we’ve watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don’t know where to focus their efforts or they haven’t understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you’re looking to develop particular EI strengths, it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve----and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception (how you see yourself) differs from your reputation (how others see you).
This is especially true for the development of emotional intelligence because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example, most of us think that we’re good listeners, but very often that’s really not the case. Without this external reality check, it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple facets of EI. The key is to find one that guarantees confidentiality to those giving you feedback and that is focused on development and not on performance assessment.
Secondly, when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence, you’re at a huge disadvantage if you’re only interested because others said you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in hour sense of self that being intrinsically(内在的) motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations(渴望). Understanding the impacts of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over the long haul as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.
Once you’ve determined which EI skills you want to focus on, identify specific actions that you’ll take. If you’re working on becoming a better listener, for example, you might decide that when you’re conversing with someone you’ll take the time to pause, listen to what they have to say, and check that you understand before you reply. Keep it specific. You should also take every naturally occurring opportunity to practice the skill you’re developing, no matter how small.
By starting to change your routine reactions, you’ll be well on your way to figuring out the old habits that aren’t serving you well and transforming them into new, improved ones that do.
Passage outline
Supporting details
Introduction
Though globally acknowledged, EI still ___51___ professionals, for they aren’t aware of how to improve it.
Approaches to strengthening EI
Spot the ___52___ between self-perception and reputation
●With external reality check, we are ___53___ of understanding our interactions accurately.
●We are ___54___ to change our behavior by getting an outside feedback.
●We are expected to ___55___ how self-perception differs from reputation in all aspects.
Find out what ___56___ to us
We should clearly ___57___ our goals and focus our effort on improving ourselves instead of just learning a skill.
___58___ the outside feedback with our goals can give us support on the way to strengthening our EI.
Identify what changes we will make
Be ___59___about the actions and take advantage of every possible opportunity to practice EI skills.
Summary
___60___ useless old habits and develop new ones in areas for improvement others have identified with your own goals to strengthen your EI.
【答案】51. confuses/puzzles
52. differences
53. capable
54. motivated
55. assess 56. matters/counts
57. recognize/know/identify
58. Combining
59. specific/clear/explicit
60. Remove/Abandon/Quit
【解析】
本文探讨了提高情商的方法：了解自我认知与声誉之间的区别，明确目标，确定改变具体的行动。
【51题详解】
本题考查对第一段文本的概括能力。文章开篇说到，随着情商（EI）的概念已经全球化，我们已经看到一些专业人士在试图提高自己的情商时失败了，情商让他们很困惑，不知道该怎么提高，所以答案为confuses/puzzles。
【52题详解】
本题考查对第二段文本信息的转述能力。第一步是了解你的自我认知（你如何看待自己）与你的声誉（别人如何看待你）是不同的。从文本中的differ一词可以得到答案differences。
【53题详解】
本题考查对第三段文本的概括能力。如果没有这种外部现实的检验，你就很难确定你的行为会如何影响你的表现。有了这种检验，我们就能够准确理解我们的内在行为了，根据空格前后，可以得到答案capable。
【54题详解】
本题考查对第三段文本信息的转述能力。信息源在第三段最后一句：Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.从别人那里得到反馈也可以证明我们有必要改变我们的行为和动机。结合句中的motivation，可以转述成motivated。
【55题详解】
本题考查对第四段文本信息的转述能力。根据第四段的“To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation, you should use a 360-drgree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple facets of EI.”可知，我们要评估自我感知与声誉在各个方面的不同之处。 assessment中可以得到答案assess。故填assess。
【56题详解】
本题考查对第五段文本的提炼能力。由第五段可知，当你从评估中得到反馈时，你应该从中知道你想要改进的内容。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。这就意味着你要找出什么对你而言是重要的(matters/counts)。故填matters/counts。
【57题详解】
本题考查对第五段文本的概括能力。根据第五段“when you get your feedback from an assessment, let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are.”这就要清楚识别我们的目标是什么，故填recognize/know/identify。
【58题详解】
本题考查对第六短信息归纳能力。根据第六段的That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you’ve gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations.可知，这意味着你选择积极工作的领域应该处于你得到的反馈和对你自己认为最重要的领域的交叉点上。因此，要把外部反馈和自我目标相结合，故答案是combining。
【59题详解】
本题考查对第七段文本信息理解能力。由第七段可知，一旦你决定了你想专注于哪些EI技能，就要确定你将采取的具体行动。关注到文本中的specific。故填specific/clear/explicit。
【60题详解】
本题考查对最后一段文本的概括能力。由最后一段可知，通过开始改变你的日常反应，你将会很好地发现那些对你无益的旧习惯，并将它们转化为新的、改进过的习惯。因此要去除无用的旧习惯，故填Remove/Abandon/Quit。
第五部分书面表达（满分 25 分）
61.请认真阅读下面的图文信息,并按要求用英语写一篇 150 字左右的文章。
Sports classes are very important to students’ health and overall well-being. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated that over the past three years obesity in children and adolescents has doubled because of diet and lack of activity.
A recent survey by the China Youth Daily showed that 64.7 percent of the 2,003 respondents found sports classes in middle schools unsatisfactory.
The government has begun to address the problem. According to a guideline on high school entrance exam reform released by the Ministry of Education in 2016, scores of physical education will be considered in enrollment for senior high schools.
【写作内容】
1. 用约 30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2. 结合上述信息,简要分析目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因;
3. 就如何改进目前中学体育课现状提出你的建议(不少于两点).
【写作要求】
（1）写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
（2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（3）文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
（4）不必写标题。
【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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【答案】Critical as sports classes are to students, approximately two thirds of the respondents of a recent survey are dissatisfied with them. Luckily, some measures have been taken to address them. The reasons behind this are various. To begin with, schools and even some parents are indifferent to sports classes, which makes it possible for other classes to occupy sports classes. Besides, students are burdened with great academic stress, leaving them inadequate time for sports. Furthermore, imperfect sports facilities also lead to students’ low level of participation. Something must be done to improve the situation. First of all, the government should allocate funds to improve facilities for sports. Also, schools are expected to ease the academic burden on students and allow them to have more time to rest and develop their interesting sports. Meanwhile, professional sports teachers are supposed to be employed to ensure that students have adequate sports classes. ( 150 words )
【解析】
【详解】本文属于图表类作文，采用了“材料-图形-提纲”的形式，综合考查考生阅读材料，试图和写作能力。材料分为三部分，第一部分用约 30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；第二部分综合上述信息,简要分析目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因;第三部分就如何改进目前中学体育课现状提出你的建议。
【点睛】本文第一部分用30个词概括了所给的材料，第一句用了as引导的让步状语从句Critical as sports classes are to students,…，显示了较强的语言驾驭能力。第二部分分析了目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因，To begin with ，Besides， Furthermore等词的运用使得结构紧凑；第三部分提出建议，句型多样，条理清晰，多个高级词汇及短语的应用，如allocate funds，improve facilities，are expected to，ease the academic burden on students，allow them to，have more time to，ensure，adequate等给文章增色许多。
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