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新教材（通用版）高考英语二轮复习考点分类练(四)推理判断题——观点态度类含答案
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这是一份新教材（通用版）高考英语二轮复习考点分类练(四)推理判断题——观点态度类含答案，共7页。
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate.When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist(转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn’t the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.” Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr. Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.
1.What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A.The methds f estimatin.
B.The underlying lgic f the effect.
C.The causes f peple’s errrs.
D.The design f Galtn’s experiment.
2.Navajas’ study fund that the average accuracy culd increase even if .
A.the crwds were relatively small
B.there were ccasinal underestimates
C.individuals did nt cmmunicate
D.estimates were nt fully independent
3.What did the fllw-up study fcus n?
A.The size f the grups.
B.The dminant members.
C.The discussin prcess.
D.The individual estimates.
4.What is the authr’s attitude tward Navajas’ studies?
A.Unclear. B.Dismissive.
C.Dubtful.D.Apprving.
B
(2021·山东菏泽一模)
Charvi Gyal is a high schl student frm Dallas, Texas, wh helps ut ther classmates by tutring them between classes. A tutr is smene wh teaches ne persn r a very small grup f students.
When Gyal’s high schl mved nline because f the pandemic, she decided t take her teaching nline. The junir and three f her fellw students created TutrScpe, a prgramme that ffers free tutring services t ther children, including yunger nes. It started with a small number f tutrs wh helped yung peple in their city. But it has grwn int a grup f 22 tutrs frm Texas, Arizna and Ohi. They have helped mre than 300 students.
TutrScpe aims t give the ne-n-ne help that teachers have traditinally given while walking arund their classrms. But nw, many teachers cannt prvide that ne-n-ne supprt because they lack time r have issues with technlgy.
Sarah Newman said her children, 7-year-ld twins, had helpful TutrScpe experiences. “With these tutrs, I realise they have time,” she said, “I think they are very patient with these yunger kids, which I d nt even have as a mther. I have patience fr ther things, but I dn’t have patience fr teaching.”
What makes the TutrScpe effrt special is the cnnectin between the teenage vlunteers and the ther students they are helping. Althugh the pandemic has frced many students t lk inward, Gyal said that wrking with thers n a big prject had permitted her t lk utward.“My cnfidence level has increased,” Gyal said. She added that she has made friends with ther students frm her schl. She said ne f the best things abut running a grwing nn-prfit prgramme is that it des help with the bredm f being stuck at hme.
5.What did Gyal d because f the pandemic?
A.She helped her classmates at schl.
B.She gt active in fighting a disease.
C.She ffered nline classes t students.
D.She went t anther cuntry fr help.
6.What’s the purpse f TutrScpe?
A.T give nline help.
B.T make prfits.
C.T make friends.
D.T chse vlunteers.
7.What’s Sarah Newman’s attitude twards the prgramme?
A.Favurable.B.Tlerant.
C.Skeptical.D.Critical.
8.What can we learn frm Gyal’s success?
A.Putting the cart befre the hrse.
B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C.N man can d tw things at nce.
D.Helping thers will benefit neself.
C
Online educatin has grwn fast ver the past ten years. The explsin f technlgy has made teaching utside the traditinal classrm pssible fr teachers and has prvided learners with easy access t curse materials.
In April, 2005, I was apprached by a student wh was interested in ur dctral prgramme. Hwever, the first questin ut f her muth was,“D yu ffer any nline curses?” Later that day, as I was reading the cnference prgramme guide and trying fr interesting presentatins, I nticed many wrkshps n web-based learning and nline educatin. I later attended tw f thse wrkshps and met several prfessrs frm different universities wh had either taught nline curses fr quite sme time r wh were discvering the best practice fr teaching nline. These experiences helped me realise at least t sme extent the degree f grwth in nline educatin.
I made several attempts t enrich my knwledge f distance learning and nline teaching. I cnsulted with my clleagues wh were teaching nline curses. This helped me recgnise the imprtance f getting materials prepared even befre the start f a term. I als learned that nline curses may cnsume mre time than regular classrm teaching. And I attended several wrkshps regarding nline educatin and established a netwrk with thse wh were invlved in nline prgrammes at ther universities. I will cnsider these peple as my cnsultants as I begin t design my wn nline curse. Als, I cnducted a brief survey with 15 students and tw staff members wh had taken r taught an nline curse befre t understand their experience. Eventually I cmpleted a literature review which gave me the fundatin and the backgrund f understanding the need fr nline educatin.
9.Why did the authr take a student fr example?
A.T shw students’ lve fr the dctral prgramme.
B.T persuade learners f traditinal educatin.
C.T explain the grwing trend f nline educatin.
D.T predict the future f the teaching career.
10.What caused the authr t knw mre abut nline educatin?
A.The appetite fr knwledge.
B.The prfessinal respnsibilities.
C.The requirement f research.
D.The clleagues’ encuragement.
11.What is the authr’s attitude t nline educatin?
A.Carefree.B.Dubtful.
C.Supprtive.D.Unwilling.
考点分类练(四) 推理判断题——观点态度类
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了一项新研究, 该研究阐述了“群体智慧”效应的基本原理。
1.B 解析 段落大意题。 根据第二段中的“This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make in a mre accurate estimate.”可知, 当足够多的误差被平均在一起时, 它们就会相互抵消, 从而得到更准确的估计。 由此可知, 本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基础逻辑。 故选B项。
2.D 解析 推理判断题。 根据第三段中的“The key finding f the study was thse frm an equal number f independent individuals.”可知, Navajas的研究表明, 即使在个体估计不是完全独立的情况下, 其准确率的提高也是可以做到的。 故选D项。
3.C 解析 推理判断题。 根据最后一段中的“ researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin.”可知, 后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。 故选C项。
4.D 解析 推理判断题。 根据文章最后一段内容可知, 尽管Navajas的研究有局限性, 仍存在许多问题, 但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。 由此可推知, 作者对Navajas的研究是持赞成态度的。 故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生Charvi Gyal在疫情期间通过网络教学帮助了学生, 同时也增强了自己的自信心。
5.C 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的 “When Gyal’s high schl mved nline because f the pandemic, she decided t take her teaching nline.” 可知, 疫情期间她为学生提供了在线课程。故选C项。
6.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的 “The junir and three f her fellw students created TutrScpe, a prgramme that ffers free tutring services t ther children, including yunger nes.” 可知, TutrScpe的目的是提供在线帮助。故选A项。
7.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的 “‘With these tutrs, I realise they have time,’she said, ‘I think they are very patient with these yunger kids, which I d nt even have as a mther. I have patience fr ther things, but I dn’t have patience fr teaching.’” 可推断, Sarah Newman对这个项目持赞同和支持的态度。故选A项。
8.D 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “‘My cnfidence level has increased,’ Gyal said. She added that she has made friends with ther students frm her schl. She said ne f the best things abut running a grwing nn-prfit prgramme is that it des help with the bredm f being stuck at hme.” 可知, 她做这个项目既帮助了别人, 也帮助了自己。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者接触、研究、学习以及实施在线教育的故事。
9.D 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知, 作者以一个学生为例是想表明自己开始接触在线教育, 而这些经历帮助作者认识到在线教育已成为一种教育趋势。由此推知, 举这个例子是为了预测教学事业的未来。故选D项。
10.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “I made several attempts t enrich my knwledge f distance learning and nline teaching.” 可推知, 作者尝试远程学习和在线教育是因为对知识的渴望。故选A项。
11.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “I will cnsider these peple as my cnsultants as I begin t design my wn nline curse ... Eventually I cmpleted a literature review which gave me the fundatin and the backgrund f understanding the need fr nline educatin.” 可推知, 作者对在线教育的态度是支持的。故选C项。
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate.When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist(转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn’t the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.” Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr. Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.
1.What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A.The methds f estimatin.
B.The underlying lgic f the effect.
C.The causes f peple’s errrs.
D.The design f Galtn’s experiment.
2.Navajas’ study fund that the average accuracy culd increase even if .
A.the crwds were relatively small
B.there were ccasinal underestimates
C.individuals did nt cmmunicate
D.estimates were nt fully independent
3.What did the fllw-up study fcus n?
A.The size f the grups.
B.The dminant members.
C.The discussin prcess.
D.The individual estimates.
4.What is the authr’s attitude tward Navajas’ studies?
A.Unclear. B.Dismissive.
C.Dubtful.D.Apprving.
B
(2021·山东菏泽一模)
Charvi Gyal is a high schl student frm Dallas, Texas, wh helps ut ther classmates by tutring them between classes. A tutr is smene wh teaches ne persn r a very small grup f students.
When Gyal’s high schl mved nline because f the pandemic, she decided t take her teaching nline. The junir and three f her fellw students created TutrScpe, a prgramme that ffers free tutring services t ther children, including yunger nes. It started with a small number f tutrs wh helped yung peple in their city. But it has grwn int a grup f 22 tutrs frm Texas, Arizna and Ohi. They have helped mre than 300 students.
TutrScpe aims t give the ne-n-ne help that teachers have traditinally given while walking arund their classrms. But nw, many teachers cannt prvide that ne-n-ne supprt because they lack time r have issues with technlgy.
Sarah Newman said her children, 7-year-ld twins, had helpful TutrScpe experiences. “With these tutrs, I realise they have time,” she said, “I think they are very patient with these yunger kids, which I d nt even have as a mther. I have patience fr ther things, but I dn’t have patience fr teaching.”
What makes the TutrScpe effrt special is the cnnectin between the teenage vlunteers and the ther students they are helping. Althugh the pandemic has frced many students t lk inward, Gyal said that wrking with thers n a big prject had permitted her t lk utward.“My cnfidence level has increased,” Gyal said. She added that she has made friends with ther students frm her schl. She said ne f the best things abut running a grwing nn-prfit prgramme is that it des help with the bredm f being stuck at hme.
5.What did Gyal d because f the pandemic?
A.She helped her classmates at schl.
B.She gt active in fighting a disease.
C.She ffered nline classes t students.
D.She went t anther cuntry fr help.
6.What’s the purpse f TutrScpe?
A.T give nline help.
B.T make prfits.
C.T make friends.
D.T chse vlunteers.
7.What’s Sarah Newman’s attitude twards the prgramme?
A.Favurable.B.Tlerant.
C.Skeptical.D.Critical.
8.What can we learn frm Gyal’s success?
A.Putting the cart befre the hrse.
B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C.N man can d tw things at nce.
D.Helping thers will benefit neself.
C
Online educatin has grwn fast ver the past ten years. The explsin f technlgy has made teaching utside the traditinal classrm pssible fr teachers and has prvided learners with easy access t curse materials.
In April, 2005, I was apprached by a student wh was interested in ur dctral prgramme. Hwever, the first questin ut f her muth was,“D yu ffer any nline curses?” Later that day, as I was reading the cnference prgramme guide and trying fr interesting presentatins, I nticed many wrkshps n web-based learning and nline educatin. I later attended tw f thse wrkshps and met several prfessrs frm different universities wh had either taught nline curses fr quite sme time r wh were discvering the best practice fr teaching nline. These experiences helped me realise at least t sme extent the degree f grwth in nline educatin.
I made several attempts t enrich my knwledge f distance learning and nline teaching. I cnsulted with my clleagues wh were teaching nline curses. This helped me recgnise the imprtance f getting materials prepared even befre the start f a term. I als learned that nline curses may cnsume mre time than regular classrm teaching. And I attended several wrkshps regarding nline educatin and established a netwrk with thse wh were invlved in nline prgrammes at ther universities. I will cnsider these peple as my cnsultants as I begin t design my wn nline curse. Als, I cnducted a brief survey with 15 students and tw staff members wh had taken r taught an nline curse befre t understand their experience. Eventually I cmpleted a literature review which gave me the fundatin and the backgrund f understanding the need fr nline educatin.
9.Why did the authr take a student fr example?
A.T shw students’ lve fr the dctral prgramme.
B.T persuade learners f traditinal educatin.
C.T explain the grwing trend f nline educatin.
D.T predict the future f the teaching career.
10.What caused the authr t knw mre abut nline educatin?
A.The appetite fr knwledge.
B.The prfessinal respnsibilities.
C.The requirement f research.
D.The clleagues’ encuragement.
11.What is the authr’s attitude t nline educatin?
A.Carefree.B.Dubtful.
C.Supprtive.D.Unwilling.
考点分类练(四) 推理判断题——观点态度类
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了一项新研究, 该研究阐述了“群体智慧”效应的基本原理。
1.B 解析 段落大意题。 根据第二段中的“This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make in a mre accurate estimate.”可知, 当足够多的误差被平均在一起时, 它们就会相互抵消, 从而得到更准确的估计。 由此可知, 本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基础逻辑。 故选B项。
2.D 解析 推理判断题。 根据第三段中的“The key finding f the study was thse frm an equal number f independent individuals.”可知, Navajas的研究表明, 即使在个体估计不是完全独立的情况下, 其准确率的提高也是可以做到的。 故选D项。
3.C 解析 推理判断题。 根据最后一段中的“ researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin.”可知, 后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。 故选C项。
4.D 解析 推理判断题。 根据文章最后一段内容可知, 尽管Navajas的研究有局限性, 仍存在许多问题, 但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。 由此可推知, 作者对Navajas的研究是持赞成态度的。 故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生Charvi Gyal在疫情期间通过网络教学帮助了学生, 同时也增强了自己的自信心。
5.C 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的 “When Gyal’s high schl mved nline because f the pandemic, she decided t take her teaching nline.” 可知, 疫情期间她为学生提供了在线课程。故选C项。
6.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的 “The junir and three f her fellw students created TutrScpe, a prgramme that ffers free tutring services t ther children, including yunger nes.” 可知, TutrScpe的目的是提供在线帮助。故选A项。
7.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的 “‘With these tutrs, I realise they have time,’she said, ‘I think they are very patient with these yunger kids, which I d nt even have as a mther. I have patience fr ther things, but I dn’t have patience fr teaching.’” 可推断, Sarah Newman对这个项目持赞同和支持的态度。故选A项。
8.D 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “‘My cnfidence level has increased,’ Gyal said. She added that she has made friends with ther students frm her schl. She said ne f the best things abut running a grwing nn-prfit prgramme is that it des help with the bredm f being stuck at hme.” 可知, 她做这个项目既帮助了别人, 也帮助了自己。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者接触、研究、学习以及实施在线教育的故事。
9.D 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知, 作者以一个学生为例是想表明自己开始接触在线教育, 而这些经历帮助作者认识到在线教育已成为一种教育趋势。由此推知, 举这个例子是为了预测教学事业的未来。故选D项。
10.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “I made several attempts t enrich my knwledge f distance learning and nline teaching.” 可推知, 作者尝试远程学习和在线教育是因为对知识的渴望。故选A项。
11.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “I will cnsider these peple as my cnsultants as I begin t design my wn nline curse ... Eventually I cmpleted a literature review which gave me the fundatin and the backgrund f understanding the need fr nline educatin.” 可推知, 作者对在线教育的态度是支持的。故选C项。
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