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最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点25 名词性从句
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这是一份最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点25 名词性从句，共21页。学案主要包含了命题解读，命题预测，复习建议，拓展延伸，特别注意，参考答案，答案解析，难点梳理等内容，欢迎下载使用。
要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏
一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识
学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。大量的、甚至可能是枯燥的训练是做题速度和准确度的保证。希望老师要保证所有同学从每套题中都获得最大收获。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩
得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习中，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节
一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。英语成绩的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。只要做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点25 名词性从句
高考频度：★★★★★
【命题解读】
名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法，了解同位语从句的基本用法。要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。
【命题预测】
预计2018年高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1. 掌握宾语从句的用法；
2. 了解同位语从句的用法；
3. 掌握表语从句的用法；
4. 掌握主语从句的用法；
5. 如何正确选择引导词。
考向一 名词性从句连接词的用法
名词性从句的连接词有从属连词that/whether/if，
连接代词what/wh/which/whse/whatever/whever/whmever/whichever，
连接副词where/when/why/hw/wherever/whenever。
1.that的用法。
(1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
☞That they are gd at English is knwn t us all.
☞The prblem is that we dn’t have enugh mney.
☞The reprt that there will be a severe strm in the nrthern area is false.
(2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略：
①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时；
②有多个that引导的从句时，第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略；
③介词except，but，besides，in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时；
④当when，wh，what，where，why，hw等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。
☞He judged that，because he was a child，he did nt understand wine.
☞The reasn lies in that she wrks harder than the thers d.
☞Everyne knew what happened and that she was wrried.
(3)that和what的区别。
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不担当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的＂先行词＋关系代词＂，即常说的＂先行词＋that＂。
☞It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake.
☞I will d what I can (d) t help him.
(4)同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。
同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作宾语或主语，与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子
是同位语从句，就应用连接词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释说明名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news，fact，suggestin，truth，plan，belief，dubt，pssibility，idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。
☞They expressed the hpe that they wuld cme t visit China again.(同位语从句)
☞The hpe they expressed is that they wuld cme t visit China again.(定语从句)
2.whether和if的用法。
☞ (1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
It all depends n whether they will cme back.
(2)后面直接跟r nt 时用whether。
☞I didn’t knw whether r nt he had arrived in Wuhan.
(3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。
☞Whether the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.
☞The questin is whether they have s much mney.
(4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。
☞We ught t discuss carefully the questin whether we can d it r nt.
(5)whether常与r连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。
☞The questin f whether they are male r female is nt imprtant.
☞I have nt decided whether t g r nt.
(6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if。
☞Thank yu，but whether I’ll be free I’m nt sure at the mment.
(7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示＂不管＂、＂无论＂，而if不能。学科*网
☞Whether he cmes r nt，we will begin ur party n time.
3.疑问词＋ever和n matter＋疑问词的区别。
(1)疑问词＋ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。
☞Whever breaks the rule must be punished.
☞Yu can chse whatever yu like in the shp.
(2)疑问词＋ever还可引导让步状语从句。
☞Whever breaks the rule，he must be punished.
☞Whatever yu d，yu must d it well.
(3)n matter＋疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
☞N matter what yu d，yu must put yur heart int it.
☞N matter wh cmes late，he must be punished.
4.when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。
☞They put frward the questin where they culd get the mney.(同位语从句)
☞This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)
5.名词性从句中that不宜省略的几种情况
宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略，但在以下情况时，that不宜省略。
（1）当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。如：
The teacher tld the students (that) they shuld hand in their hmewrk the next day and that the hmewrk must be signed names by their parents.
老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。
（2）当that前面有插入语时，that不宜省略。如：
Little Alice didn't knw, I'm sure, that her sister was ging t America.
我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。
（3）省略答语中，that宾语从句单独出现时，that不可省略。如：
—What did he say? 他说了什么
—That he wuld visit the Great Wall. (他说)他将会参观长城。
（4）当主句的状语部分位于that 宾语从句之前时，that不宜省略。如：
Jane realized at nce that she must d with it herself. 珍立刻意识到她必须亲自处理那件事。(如省略that，at nce也可能修饰从句，是表示＂立刻意识到……＂，还是表示＂立刻去处理……＂，较为含糊)
（5） 当that 宾语从句中的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不宜省略。如：
☞Tm prmised that if he culd earn as much as 500 dllars in this mnth, he wuld buy a cmputer fr his brther. 汤姆许下诺言，如果他在这个月里能够赚到500美元，他就给他的弟弟买台电脑。
（6）当that 宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不宜省略。如：
☞I will never tell anyne that yu have ever been there.
我绝对不会告诉别人你曾经去过那儿。
（7）当为了强调而把that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略。如：
That they wuld take the risk was very clear. 他们将要冒这个险是很清楚的了。
（8）当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时，其宾语that从句中的 that 不宜省略。如：
☞Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard fr the schlarship, s she can have the chance t g abrad fr further study.
玛丽下定决心努力学习以获得奖学金资格，这样她就有机会出国深造了。
（9）当that 宾语从句前有 it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。如：
We think it imprtant that cllege students shuld master at least ne freign language.
我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。
（10）当引导同位语从句时，that一般不可省略，尤其当that与先行词处于分割情况时。如：
☞He heard the news that his team had wn.
他听到了他的队获胜的消息。
☞There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me.
我有一种感觉他们在骗我。
（11）当that 宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或是主语从句时，that不可省略。如：
The dctr said that taking exercise was the best way f lsing weight.
医生说运动是最好的减肥方式。
考向二 主语从句
1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示＂……的东西＂时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
☞That she will succeed is certain.
常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：
(1)It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrng，imprtant，certain，clear，bvius，strange，nrmal等)＋that从句
☞It is certain that mst f the farmers have brught in mre mney by all means.
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity，a shame，gd news，a fact，an hnur，a wnder，n wnder等)＋that从句
It’s n wnder that yu’ve achieved s much success.
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said，tld，heard，reprted，decided，suggested，advised，rdered，remembered，thught，cnsidered，wellknwn，annunced等)＋that从句
☞It is said that the prfessr has already succeeded in carrying ut the experiment.
(4)It＋特殊动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that从句
☞It happened t me that I had been away when he called.
☞It is certain that she will succeed.
注意：(1)在＂It is necessary/imprtant/strange/natural...＋that从句＂结构中，从句谓语常用＂(shuld＋)动词原形＂形式。
【拓展延伸】主语从句的引导词
【特别注意】当作主语的句子太长时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置后。if＂是否＂，不可直接引导主语从句(用it作形式主语时可以) 。
3. 主语从句的特殊用法
（1）主语从句与定语从句的转换
☞What is needed has been bught.
☞All that is needed has been bught.
所有需要的都被买了。
（2）几个特殊句型之间的转换
☞It is knwn t all that China has jined the WTO.
As is knwn t all, China has jined the WTO.
What is knwn t all is that China has jined the WTO.
众所周知，中国已加入WTO。
1.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)The gld medal will be awarded ___________t wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whmever B. wherever
C. whever D. whatever
【参考答案】C
2.（2017·北京卷·单项填空） Every year, ________ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whever
C. whmever D. whichever
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________ makes the mst beautiful kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选 whever(whmever不能作主语)。句意：每年， 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。
3.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It is ften the case ____________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
【参考答案】D
考向三宾语从句
【难点梳理】
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等
连接副词：when，where，why，hw等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
I think (that) yu shuld turn t the teacher fr help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I dn’t knw if/whether he still lives here after s many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
2. 连接代词what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等引导
She asked me whse handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever cmes int my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，hw等引导
D yu knw when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
I’ve been thinking abut hw we can make the newspaper mre interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
He asked me when we culd set ut the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
Did yu find ut where she lst her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5. 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
She says (that) she wrks frm Mnday t Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
she says (that) she will leave a message n his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been t Munt Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
He said there were n classes yesterday afternn. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said that he was ging t take care f the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
The teacher tld us that nthing is difficult if we put ur hearts int it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
He said that light travels much faster than sund. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：
①动词find，feel，think，cnsider，make，believe，guess，suppse，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了惯例。
②hate，like，take，we，have，take fr granted等表示＂喜欢；痛恨；认为＂的动词或动词短语和see t表示＂注意，留意＂后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
I hate it when they talk with their muth full f fd. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
When yu start the engine, yu must see t it that the car is in neutral. 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。
③介词后的宾语从句。
She is always thinking f hw she can d mre fr thers. 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
We are talking abut whether we admit students int ur club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
④宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppse，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I dn’t think I knw yu. 我想我并不认识你。
I dn’t believe he will cme. 我相信他不会来。
【巧学妙记】
1.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life.
【参考答案】where改为when
2.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm nt sure _____61_____ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears ut f nwhere. I'm walking n a path in the frest in the Central African Republic.
【参考答案】which/wh
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者wh” 学科*网
3. (2017·天津卷·单项填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
【参考答案】C
4.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.
【参考答案】that → where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。
考向四表语从句
引导表语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether
连接代词：wh，whm，whse，which，what，whever whmever，whichever，whatever
连接副词：when，where，hw，why
1. 连接词引导
☞The reasn fr his absence is that he hasn’t been infrmed. 他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
☞The questin remains whether they will be able t help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
2. 连接代词和连接副词引导
☞The prblem is wh will take charge f this shp. 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
☞That is when I realized the imprtance f jurnalism. 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
注意：
（1）as/as if/as thugh引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，lk，taste，sund，feel等。
☞It sunds as if smene is kncking at the dr. 听上去好像有人在敲门。
☞At that time, it seemed as thugh I culdn’t think f the right wrd. 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
（2）当主句的主语是reasn时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reasn why... is that...
☞The reasn why he came late was that he gt up late. 他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空) Withut his supprt, we wuldn’t be _________ we are nw.
A. hw B. when C. where D. why
【参考答案】C
2.（2016·北京卷·单项填空） The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why
【参考答案】 B
【试题解析】 考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到灰尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。
考向五同位语从句
1. 同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步解释、说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词idea, fact, news, hpe, thught, suggestin等抽象名词之后；
2. 连接词that不能省略，无意义无成分；
3. 用whether而不用if引导同位语从句；
4. 连接代词wh(m), which, what，whse在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
5. 连接副词where, when, why, hw在从句作状语。
6.分割式同位语从句：同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）。
☞The stry ges that William Tell did kill the king with that swrd.
7.若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice, suggestin, prpsal(建议), demand, request, requirement, rder(命令)等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用"(shuld)+d"。
8.区别由that 引导的定语从句和同位语从句：
①定语从句中的that是代词，可在从句中作主、宾、表；同位语从句中的that是连词，无成分无意义；
②定语从句——说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系；
同位语从句——对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现。
③在名词和从句之间加be, 使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。
1. The nly way t succeed at the highest level is t have ttal belief yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field.
hw B. that
C. whichD. whether
【参考答案】B
2.News came frm the schl ffice ______ Wang Lin had been admitted t Peking University.
A. which B. that
C. what D. where
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被frm the schl ffice 分开，that 引导同位语从句Wang Lin had been admitted t Beijing University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。
题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1. （2017·新课标卷I）The hmewner called t say ________ the parents had respnded t the recrdings..
2. （2017·新课标卷I）What I’m hping t accmplish is ________ my generatin and yunger start t recnsider and understand _________ jazz is nt black and write anymre.
3. （2017·新课标卷III）The Yellwstne wlf prject has been a valuable experiment t help bilgists decide _________ t reintrduce wlves t ther parts f the cuntry as well.
4. （2017·北京卷）What culd be mre fun than a gift that keeps cming thrugh the letterbx every mnth?
5.He hasn’t made ________ knwn when he is ging t get married.
6.The plice went t the suspect’s huse and searched fr ________ they culd find t prve him guilty.
7.The questin ________ it is right r wrng depends n the result.
8.As the spkeswman said，________ we shuld take actin against them depends n what they will d.
9.—Smething shuld be dne t imprve the wrsening air quality.
—Yes.________ pllutes the air shall pay a high price.
10.The news ________ we are having a hliday tmrrw is nt true.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.After lking at the ty fr sme time，he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.
2.Whever was respnsible fr the accident is nt yet clear.
3.We never dubt whether he is hnest.
4.If she cmes r nt desn’t cncern me.
5.I feel it a terrible thing which my mther shuld have t til s endlessly.
6.The fact is what he didn’t ntice the car until t late.
7.The reasn why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.
8.Yur brther’s health is nt which it used t be.
9.Obviusly there was little prbability which they wuld succeed，but they didn’t mind.
10.The prpsal has been put frward what the flight shuld be cancelled.
题组二 能力提升
= 1 \* ROMAN I.单项填空
1. ______________ Tm will win the cmputer cmpetitin remains a secret till next Mnday.
A.WhenB.That
C.WhatD.Whether
2. ______________ that the Chinese gvernment plans t end its ne-child plicy and instead let families have tw children.
A.It was reprtedB.What was reprted
C.It has reprtedD.As was reprted
3. It is said ______________ the picture shws a Chinese girl standing by the river under a tree, seemingly listening t a bird singing.
A.whichB.as
C.whatD.that
4. He asked ______________.
A.hw much did the iPhne 7 cstB.hw much the iPhne 7 csts
C.what was the price f the iPhne 7D.what the price f iPhne 7 was
5. There will be a bw and arrw cmpetitin ______________ t retell ______________ the Plains Indians used t hunt fr fd.
A.designed；whatB.designing；hw
C.designing；whatD.designed；hw
6. Peple are nw eager t find ut ______________ the little by survived the terrible disaster.
A.hw is it thatB.that it is hw
C.that is it hwD.hw it is that
7. He was seriusly ill. That is ______________ he didn’t cme yesterday.
A.whyB.the reasnC.becauseD.fr what
8. The reasn why yu get int a panic is ______________ yu haven’t been well prepared fr what’s ging t happen.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because
9. _________difficult the task may be, we must finish it n time, because there is a pssibility_________ we’ll be fired if we can’t.
A.Whatever; thatB.Hwever; that
C.Whatever; whichD.Hwever; as
10. _________he tld Tm’s parents was the news _________Tm had been admitted t a key university, _________, f curse, made them feel very excited.
A.What; which; whichB.That; that; which
C.What; that; whichD.That; that; what
= 2 \* ROMAN II.语篇填空
I am ging t tell yu an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant tday.
This afternn a prly－dressed gentleman came int my restaurant. Nbdy knew __2__he was. We wndered __3__he was s hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished tw rders f fd in a very limited time.We dubted __5__the man was able t pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we wuld mind waiting fr just a few minutes. Then we were shcked t see__7__he tk ut f an envelpe—a millin pund bank nte.
I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because tw f this amunt had been issued by the Bank f England this year. He thught __9__the gentleman shwed them culdn’t be a fake.
__10__a gentleman with a millin pund nte was in rags and ate in ur small restaurant was a big puzzle t all the peple there. I really culdn’t describe hw excited I was.
III.语法填空
Dear helpful Hannah,
I’ve gt a prblem with my husband, Sam. He bught a smart phne last mnth and tk it during ur hliday. He has a cnstant urge 1 (check) text messages. He’s s addicted t it that he checks his phne every five minutes! He checks it at 2 (apprpriate) times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking t him! He 3 (behave) as if any small amunt f bredm can make him feel the need t check his phne, even when he knws he shuldn’t. The temptatin t see 4 is cnnecting him is just t great. When I ask him t put dwn the phne, he says, "In a minute" , 5 still checks t see if smene has psted smething new n the Internet. Our life 6 (interrupt). It is clear that his dependency n the smart phne has becme mre than 7 everyday prblem.
I 8 (recent) read an article abut "nmphbia", which is a real 9 (ill) — peple can’t stand the fear f having n phnes! I am wrried that Sam maybe suffering 10 this illness because he feels anxius if he desn’t have his phne with him, even fr a shrt time.
Wuld yu please tell me what I can d t help him?
Sick and Tired Sadie
题组三体验真题
1.(2018·北京) This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
A. hw B. which C. that D. what
2.(2018·江苏) By bat is the nly way t get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. whenC. why D. hw
3.(2017·江苏) We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20，half f ________ it used t charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. hw
4.（2016·北京）Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. ______________ yu can d helps.
A. Hwever B. Whever
C. WhateverD. Wherever
5.（2015·北京）I truly believe ______________ beauty cmes frm within.
A. thatB. where
C. whatD. why
6. (2016·江苏)It is ften the case _________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
7. (2016·四川)_________ yu said at the meeting describes a bright future fr the cmpany.
A. When B. Hw C. What D. That
8. (2014•北京)Sme peple believe _________ has happened befre r is happening nw will repeat itself in the future.
A. whatever B. whenever. C. wherever D. hwever
9.(2016·天津) The manager put frward a suggestin _________ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
10. (2016·上海)Eventually, I decided t fllw her and _________ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the fd t the refugee camp, in which she distributed it t children.
题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1. that 2.that; that 3.whether4.What; that5.it
6.whatever 7.whether 8.whether 9.Whever 10.that
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.where→that 2.Whever→Wh 3.去掉whether 4.If→Whether
5.which→that 6.what→that 7.because→that 8.which→what
9.which→that10.what→whether
题组二 能力提升
= 1 \* ROMAN I.单项填空
1. D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：汤姆是否能赢得电脑比赛直到下周一才能知道。remain前面是主语从句，根据句意可知用whether引导，表示＂是否＂。故选D。学科*网
4. D 【解析】考查宾语从句的语序和时态。句意：他问iPhne7的价格是多少。He asked后面是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，而且因为主句是过去时，从句也应该是过去时。故选D。
5. D 【解析】考查非谓语动词及宾语从句。句意：将会有一个弓箭比赛，专门用来重现平原印第安人是如何猎取食物的。design与cmpetitin之间为逻辑被动关系，应使用过去分词作定语；根据句意可知，第二空为retell的宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应使用hw＂如何……＂。故选D。
6. D 【解析】考查连词和语序。句意：人们现在急切地想弄清楚，这个小男孩是如何幸免于这场灾难的。根据句意，由hw引导宾语从句；宾语从句中运用了强调句式，同时宾语从句要用陈述语序。故选D。
7. A 【解析】考查连词。句意：他病得很重，那就是他昨天没有来的原因。所以用why引导表语从句，why在从句中作原因状语。故选A。
8. A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：你之所以恐慌是因为你没有为要发生的事作好准备。The reasn why... is that...＂……的原因是……＂，其中why引导定语从句，并在从句中作原因状语，that引导表语从句，仅起连接作用。
10.C 【解析】考查混合复合句。句意：他告诉Tm的父母的是Tm已经被一所重点大学录取的消息，当然，这让他们感到很兴奋。第一个空用What作tld的宾语构成主语从句;第二个空用that引导同位语从句，说明news的具体内容；第三个空用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。
= 2 \* ROMAN II.语篇填空
1.that 2.wh 3.why 4.that 5.whether/if
6.whether/if 7.that 8.whether/if 9.what 10.Why
III.语法填空
【文章大意】作者的丈夫Sam沉迷于手机，即便在度假期间，他每隔几分钟也要查看一下手机，这严重影响了他们正常的生活。
1.t check
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处含有an urge t d sth.结构，名词urge后常跟动词不定式，故此处应填t check。
2.inapprpriate
【解析】考查词义转换。 此处表示他在不合适的时间看手机，比如我们在餐馆吃饭我正和他说话的时候。结合语境可知，本空应填apprpriate的反义词inapprpriate"不适当的，不合适的"。
3.behaves
【解析】考查动词时态。根据语境可知，此处作者在描述她丈夫的日常行为，应用一般现在时。
4.wh
【解析】考查名词性从句。根据语境"查看谁在和他联系的诱惑是如此强烈"可知，see后的宾语从句缺少主语，故填连接代词wh。
5.but
【解析】考查连词。空格前后两句话之间为转折关系，故填表示转折关系的连词but。
6.is interrupted
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，life与interrupt之间存在动宾关系，故应用被动语态。全文的主体时态为一般现在时，故本句用一般现在时。
7.an
【解析】考查冠词。此处prblem为可数名词，其前应用冠词，又因为everyday的发音以元音音素开头，所以用an。
8.recently
【解析】考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，故填recently"最近"。
9.illness
【解析】考查名词。由本空前的a real可知，此处应填名词illness "疾病"。
10.frm
【解析】考查介词。此处存在固定短语suffer frm"遭受，患有……，为……所苦"。
题组三体验真题
1.D
2.D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词hw引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。
3.C
【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子可知介词f后跟由what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作charge的宾语，故选C项。句意：我们之所以选择这家酒店，是因为这里的价格低至20美元一晚，是过去收费的一半。
4.C
【解析】考查主语从句。helps是谓语，＂_________ yu can d＂是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，d后缺少宾语，表示＂任何事情＂，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
5.A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，that也可以省略。故选A。
6. D
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：通常，对于那些心存希望的人来说一切皆有可能。此句中It为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。故D项正确。
6. C
【解析】分析句子可知，describes是主句的谓语动词，那么________ yu said at the meeting是主语从句，所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中作said的宾语，表示＂什么＂，故选C。
7. A
8.B
【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestin的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。故选B。
10. what
【解析】考查主语从句。此处what引导主语从句，what在从句中作happened的宾语，表示＂什么，事情＂。句意：最终，我决定跟着她，发生的事情真的让我很惊讶……
引导词
作用
引导词
作用
that
无词义，在从句中不充当成分，但不能省略
hw
多么，怎样，作方式状语或程度状语
wh
谁，作主语、宾语
when
何时，作时间状语
whm
谁，作宾语
where
在哪儿，作地点状语
what
什么，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语
why
为什么，作原因状语
which
哪一个，哪些，作主语、宾语、定语
whether
是否
注意：
whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
（1）与r nt紧接连用时。
Let me knw whether r nt yu can cme. 请让我知道你是否能来。
（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
We are interested in whether yu will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
宾语从句的用法速记口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏
一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识
学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。大量的、甚至可能是枯燥的训练是做题速度和准确度的保证。希望老师要保证所有同学从每套题中都获得最大收获。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩
得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习中，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节
一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。英语成绩的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。只要做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点25 名词性从句
高考频度：★★★★★
【命题解读】
名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法，了解同位语从句的基本用法。要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。
【命题预测】
预计2018年高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1. 掌握宾语从句的用法；
2. 了解同位语从句的用法；
3. 掌握表语从句的用法；
4. 掌握主语从句的用法；
5. 如何正确选择引导词。
考向一 名词性从句连接词的用法
名词性从句的连接词有从属连词that/whether/if，
连接代词what/wh/which/whse/whatever/whever/whmever/whichever，
连接副词where/when/why/hw/wherever/whenever。
1.that的用法。
(1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
☞That they are gd at English is knwn t us all.
☞The prblem is that we dn’t have enugh mney.
☞The reprt that there will be a severe strm in the nrthern area is false.
(2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略：
①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时；
②有多个that引导的从句时，第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略；
③介词except，but，besides，in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时；
④当when，wh，what，where，why，hw等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。
☞He judged that，because he was a child，he did nt understand wine.
☞The reasn lies in that she wrks harder than the thers d.
☞Everyne knew what happened and that she was wrried.
(3)that和what的区别。
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不担当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的＂先行词＋关系代词＂，即常说的＂先行词＋that＂。
☞It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake.
☞I will d what I can (d) t help him.
(4)同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。
同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作宾语或主语，与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子
是同位语从句，就应用连接词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释说明名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news，fact，suggestin，truth，plan，belief，dubt，pssibility，idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。
☞They expressed the hpe that they wuld cme t visit China again.(同位语从句)
☞The hpe they expressed is that they wuld cme t visit China again.(定语从句)
2.whether和if的用法。
☞ (1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
It all depends n whether they will cme back.
(2)后面直接跟r nt 时用whether。
☞I didn’t knw whether r nt he had arrived in Wuhan.
(3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。
☞Whether the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.
☞The questin is whether they have s much mney.
(4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。
☞We ught t discuss carefully the questin whether we can d it r nt.
(5)whether常与r连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。
☞The questin f whether they are male r female is nt imprtant.
☞I have nt decided whether t g r nt.
(6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if。
☞Thank yu，but whether I’ll be free I’m nt sure at the mment.
(7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示＂不管＂、＂无论＂，而if不能。学科*网
☞Whether he cmes r nt，we will begin ur party n time.
3.疑问词＋ever和n matter＋疑问词的区别。
(1)疑问词＋ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。
☞Whever breaks the rule must be punished.
☞Yu can chse whatever yu like in the shp.
(2)疑问词＋ever还可引导让步状语从句。
☞Whever breaks the rule，he must be punished.
☞Whatever yu d，yu must d it well.
(3)n matter＋疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
☞N matter what yu d，yu must put yur heart int it.
☞N matter wh cmes late，he must be punished.
4.when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。
☞They put frward the questin where they culd get the mney.(同位语从句)
☞This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)
5.名词性从句中that不宜省略的几种情况
宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略，但在以下情况时，that不宜省略。
（1）当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。如：
The teacher tld the students (that) they shuld hand in their hmewrk the next day and that the hmewrk must be signed names by their parents.
老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。
（2）当that前面有插入语时，that不宜省略。如：
Little Alice didn't knw, I'm sure, that her sister was ging t America.
我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。
（3）省略答语中，that宾语从句单独出现时，that不可省略。如：
—What did he say? 他说了什么
—That he wuld visit the Great Wall. (他说)他将会参观长城。
（4）当主句的状语部分位于that 宾语从句之前时，that不宜省略。如：
Jane realized at nce that she must d with it herself. 珍立刻意识到她必须亲自处理那件事。(如省略that，at nce也可能修饰从句，是表示＂立刻意识到……＂，还是表示＂立刻去处理……＂，较为含糊)
（5） 当that 宾语从句中的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不宜省略。如：
☞Tm prmised that if he culd earn as much as 500 dllars in this mnth, he wuld buy a cmputer fr his brther. 汤姆许下诺言，如果他在这个月里能够赚到500美元，他就给他的弟弟买台电脑。
（6）当that 宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不宜省略。如：
☞I will never tell anyne that yu have ever been there.
我绝对不会告诉别人你曾经去过那儿。
（7）当为了强调而把that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略。如：
That they wuld take the risk was very clear. 他们将要冒这个险是很清楚的了。
（8）当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时，其宾语that从句中的 that 不宜省略。如：
☞Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard fr the schlarship, s she can have the chance t g abrad fr further study.
玛丽下定决心努力学习以获得奖学金资格，这样她就有机会出国深造了。
（9）当that 宾语从句前有 it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。如：
We think it imprtant that cllege students shuld master at least ne freign language.
我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。
（10）当引导同位语从句时，that一般不可省略，尤其当that与先行词处于分割情况时。如：
☞He heard the news that his team had wn.
他听到了他的队获胜的消息。
☞There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me.
我有一种感觉他们在骗我。
（11）当that 宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或是主语从句时，that不可省略。如：
The dctr said that taking exercise was the best way f lsing weight.
医生说运动是最好的减肥方式。
考向二 主语从句
1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示＂……的东西＂时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
☞That she will succeed is certain.
常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：
(1)It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrng，imprtant，certain，clear，bvius，strange，nrmal等)＋that从句
☞It is certain that mst f the farmers have brught in mre mney by all means.
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity，a shame，gd news，a fact，an hnur，a wnder，n wnder等)＋that从句
It’s n wnder that yu’ve achieved s much success.
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said，tld，heard，reprted，decided，suggested，advised，rdered，remembered，thught，cnsidered，wellknwn，annunced等)＋that从句
☞It is said that the prfessr has already succeeded in carrying ut the experiment.
(4)It＋特殊动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that从句
☞It happened t me that I had been away when he called.
☞It is certain that she will succeed.
注意：(1)在＂It is necessary/imprtant/strange/natural...＋that从句＂结构中，从句谓语常用＂(shuld＋)动词原形＂形式。
【拓展延伸】主语从句的引导词
【特别注意】当作主语的句子太长时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置后。if＂是否＂，不可直接引导主语从句(用it作形式主语时可以) 。
3. 主语从句的特殊用法
（1）主语从句与定语从句的转换
☞What is needed has been bught.
☞All that is needed has been bught.
所有需要的都被买了。
（2）几个特殊句型之间的转换
☞It is knwn t all that China has jined the WTO.
As is knwn t all, China has jined the WTO.
What is knwn t all is that China has jined the WTO.
众所周知，中国已加入WTO。
1.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)The gld medal will be awarded ___________t wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whmever B. wherever
C. whever D. whatever
【参考答案】C
2.（2017·北京卷·单项填空） Every year, ________ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whever
C. whmever D. whichever
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________ makes the mst beautiful kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选 whever(whmever不能作主语)。句意：每年， 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。
3.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It is ften the case ____________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
【参考答案】D
考向三宾语从句
【难点梳理】
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等
连接副词：when，where，why，hw等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
I think (that) yu shuld turn t the teacher fr help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I dn’t knw if/whether he still lives here after s many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
2. 连接代词what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等引导
She asked me whse handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever cmes int my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，hw等引导
D yu knw when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
I’ve been thinking abut hw we can make the newspaper mre interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
He asked me when we culd set ut the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
Did yu find ut where she lst her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5. 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
She says (that) she wrks frm Mnday t Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
she says (that) she will leave a message n his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been t Munt Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
He said there were n classes yesterday afternn. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said that he was ging t take care f the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
The teacher tld us that nthing is difficult if we put ur hearts int it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
He said that light travels much faster than sund. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：
①动词find，feel，think，cnsider，make，believe，guess，suppse，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了惯例。
②hate，like，take，we，have，take fr granted等表示＂喜欢；痛恨；认为＂的动词或动词短语和see t表示＂注意，留意＂后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
I hate it when they talk with their muth full f fd. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
When yu start the engine, yu must see t it that the car is in neutral. 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。
③介词后的宾语从句。
She is always thinking f hw she can d mre fr thers. 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
We are talking abut whether we admit students int ur club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
④宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppse，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I dn’t think I knw yu. 我想我并不认识你。
I dn’t believe he will cme. 我相信他不会来。
【巧学妙记】
1.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life.
【参考答案】where改为when
2.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm nt sure _____61_____ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears ut f nwhere. I'm walking n a path in the frest in the Central African Republic.
【参考答案】which/wh
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者wh” 学科*网
3. (2017·天津卷·单项填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
【参考答案】C
4.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.
【参考答案】that → where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。
考向四表语从句
引导表语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether
连接代词：wh，whm，whse，which，what，whever whmever，whichever，whatever
连接副词：when，where，hw，why
1. 连接词引导
☞The reasn fr his absence is that he hasn’t been infrmed. 他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
☞The questin remains whether they will be able t help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
2. 连接代词和连接副词引导
☞The prblem is wh will take charge f this shp. 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
☞That is when I realized the imprtance f jurnalism. 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
注意：
（1）as/as if/as thugh引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，lk，taste，sund，feel等。
☞It sunds as if smene is kncking at the dr. 听上去好像有人在敲门。
☞At that time, it seemed as thugh I culdn’t think f the right wrd. 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
（2）当主句的主语是reasn时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reasn why... is that...
☞The reasn why he came late was that he gt up late. 他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空) Withut his supprt, we wuldn’t be _________ we are nw.
A. hw B. when C. where D. why
【参考答案】C
2.（2016·北京卷·单项填空） The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why
【参考答案】 B
【试题解析】 考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到灰尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。
考向五同位语从句
1. 同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步解释、说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词idea, fact, news, hpe, thught, suggestin等抽象名词之后；
2. 连接词that不能省略，无意义无成分；
3. 用whether而不用if引导同位语从句；
4. 连接代词wh(m), which, what，whse在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
5. 连接副词where, when, why, hw在从句作状语。
6.分割式同位语从句：同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）。
☞The stry ges that William Tell did kill the king with that swrd.
7.若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice, suggestin, prpsal(建议), demand, request, requirement, rder(命令)等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用"(shuld)+d"。
8.区别由that 引导的定语从句和同位语从句：
①定语从句中的that是代词，可在从句中作主、宾、表；同位语从句中的that是连词，无成分无意义；
②定语从句——说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系；
同位语从句——对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现。
③在名词和从句之间加be, 使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。
1. The nly way t succeed at the highest level is t have ttal belief yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field.
hw B. that
C. whichD. whether
【参考答案】B
2.News came frm the schl ffice ______ Wang Lin had been admitted t Peking University.
A. which B. that
C. what D. where
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被frm the schl ffice 分开，that 引导同位语从句Wang Lin had been admitted t Beijing University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。
题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1. （2017·新课标卷I）The hmewner called t say ________ the parents had respnded t the recrdings..
2. （2017·新课标卷I）What I’m hping t accmplish is ________ my generatin and yunger start t recnsider and understand _________ jazz is nt black and write anymre.
3. （2017·新课标卷III）The Yellwstne wlf prject has been a valuable experiment t help bilgists decide _________ t reintrduce wlves t ther parts f the cuntry as well.
4. （2017·北京卷）What culd be mre fun than a gift that keeps cming thrugh the letterbx every mnth?
5.He hasn’t made ________ knwn when he is ging t get married.
6.The plice went t the suspect’s huse and searched fr ________ they culd find t prve him guilty.
7.The questin ________ it is right r wrng depends n the result.
8.As the spkeswman said，________ we shuld take actin against them depends n what they will d.
9.—Smething shuld be dne t imprve the wrsening air quality.
—Yes.________ pllutes the air shall pay a high price.
10.The news ________ we are having a hliday tmrrw is nt true.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.After lking at the ty fr sme time，he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.
2.Whever was respnsible fr the accident is nt yet clear.
3.We never dubt whether he is hnest.
4.If she cmes r nt desn’t cncern me.
5.I feel it a terrible thing which my mther shuld have t til s endlessly.
6.The fact is what he didn’t ntice the car until t late.
7.The reasn why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.
8.Yur brther’s health is nt which it used t be.
9.Obviusly there was little prbability which they wuld succeed，but they didn’t mind.
10.The prpsal has been put frward what the flight shuld be cancelled.
题组二 能力提升
= 1 \* ROMAN I.单项填空
1. ______________ Tm will win the cmputer cmpetitin remains a secret till next Mnday.
A.WhenB.That
C.WhatD.Whether
2. ______________ that the Chinese gvernment plans t end its ne-child plicy and instead let families have tw children.
A.It was reprtedB.What was reprted
C.It has reprtedD.As was reprted
3. It is said ______________ the picture shws a Chinese girl standing by the river under a tree, seemingly listening t a bird singing.
A.whichB.as
C.whatD.that
4. He asked ______________.
A.hw much did the iPhne 7 cstB.hw much the iPhne 7 csts
C.what was the price f the iPhne 7D.what the price f iPhne 7 was
5. There will be a bw and arrw cmpetitin ______________ t retell ______________ the Plains Indians used t hunt fr fd.
A.designed；whatB.designing；hw
C.designing；whatD.designed；hw
6. Peple are nw eager t find ut ______________ the little by survived the terrible disaster.
A.hw is it thatB.that it is hw
C.that is it hwD.hw it is that
7. He was seriusly ill. That is ______________ he didn’t cme yesterday.
A.whyB.the reasnC.becauseD.fr what
8. The reasn why yu get int a panic is ______________ yu haven’t been well prepared fr what’s ging t happen.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because
9. _________difficult the task may be, we must finish it n time, because there is a pssibility_________ we’ll be fired if we can’t.
A.Whatever; thatB.Hwever; that
C.Whatever; whichD.Hwever; as
10. _________he tld Tm’s parents was the news _________Tm had been admitted t a key university, _________, f curse, made them feel very excited.
A.What; which; whichB.That; that; which
C.What; that; whichD.That; that; what
= 2 \* ROMAN II.语篇填空
I am ging t tell yu an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant tday.
This afternn a prly－dressed gentleman came int my restaurant. Nbdy knew __2__he was. We wndered __3__he was s hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished tw rders f fd in a very limited time.We dubted __5__the man was able t pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we wuld mind waiting fr just a few minutes. Then we were shcked t see__7__he tk ut f an envelpe—a millin pund bank nte.
I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because tw f this amunt had been issued by the Bank f England this year. He thught __9__the gentleman shwed them culdn’t be a fake.
__10__a gentleman with a millin pund nte was in rags and ate in ur small restaurant was a big puzzle t all the peple there. I really culdn’t describe hw excited I was.
III.语法填空
Dear helpful Hannah,
I’ve gt a prblem with my husband, Sam. He bught a smart phne last mnth and tk it during ur hliday. He has a cnstant urge 1 (check) text messages. He’s s addicted t it that he checks his phne every five minutes! He checks it at 2 (apprpriate) times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking t him! He 3 (behave) as if any small amunt f bredm can make him feel the need t check his phne, even when he knws he shuldn’t. The temptatin t see 4 is cnnecting him is just t great. When I ask him t put dwn the phne, he says, "In a minute" , 5 still checks t see if smene has psted smething new n the Internet. Our life 6 (interrupt). It is clear that his dependency n the smart phne has becme mre than 7 everyday prblem.
I 8 (recent) read an article abut "nmphbia", which is a real 9 (ill) — peple can’t stand the fear f having n phnes! I am wrried that Sam maybe suffering 10 this illness because he feels anxius if he desn’t have his phne with him, even fr a shrt time.
Wuld yu please tell me what I can d t help him?
Sick and Tired Sadie
题组三体验真题
1.(2018·北京) This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
A. hw B. which C. that D. what
2.(2018·江苏) By bat is the nly way t get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. whenC. why D. hw
3.(2017·江苏) We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20，half f ________ it used t charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. hw
4.（2016·北京）Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. ______________ yu can d helps.
A. Hwever B. Whever
C. WhateverD. Wherever
5.（2015·北京）I truly believe ______________ beauty cmes frm within.
A. thatB. where
C. whatD. why
6. (2016·江苏)It is ften the case _________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
7. (2016·四川)_________ yu said at the meeting describes a bright future fr the cmpany.
A. When B. Hw C. What D. That
8. (2014•北京)Sme peple believe _________ has happened befre r is happening nw will repeat itself in the future.
A. whatever B. whenever. C. wherever D. hwever
9.(2016·天津) The manager put frward a suggestin _________ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
10. (2016·上海)Eventually, I decided t fllw her and _________ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the fd t the refugee camp, in which she distributed it t children.
题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1. that 2.that; that 3.whether4.What; that5.it
6.whatever 7.whether 8.whether 9.Whever 10.that
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.where→that 2.Whever→Wh 3.去掉whether 4.If→Whether
5.which→that 6.what→that 7.because→that 8.which→what
9.which→that10.what→whether
题组二 能力提升
= 1 \* ROMAN I.单项填空
1. D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：汤姆是否能赢得电脑比赛直到下周一才能知道。remain前面是主语从句，根据句意可知用whether引导，表示＂是否＂。故选D。学科*网
4. D 【解析】考查宾语从句的语序和时态。句意：他问iPhne7的价格是多少。He asked后面是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，而且因为主句是过去时，从句也应该是过去时。故选D。
5. D 【解析】考查非谓语动词及宾语从句。句意：将会有一个弓箭比赛，专门用来重现平原印第安人是如何猎取食物的。design与cmpetitin之间为逻辑被动关系，应使用过去分词作定语；根据句意可知，第二空为retell的宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应使用hw＂如何……＂。故选D。
6. D 【解析】考查连词和语序。句意：人们现在急切地想弄清楚，这个小男孩是如何幸免于这场灾难的。根据句意，由hw引导宾语从句；宾语从句中运用了强调句式，同时宾语从句要用陈述语序。故选D。
7. A 【解析】考查连词。句意：他病得很重，那就是他昨天没有来的原因。所以用why引导表语从句，why在从句中作原因状语。故选A。
8. A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：你之所以恐慌是因为你没有为要发生的事作好准备。The reasn why... is that...＂……的原因是……＂，其中why引导定语从句，并在从句中作原因状语，that引导表语从句，仅起连接作用。
10.C 【解析】考查混合复合句。句意：他告诉Tm的父母的是Tm已经被一所重点大学录取的消息，当然，这让他们感到很兴奋。第一个空用What作tld的宾语构成主语从句;第二个空用that引导同位语从句，说明news的具体内容；第三个空用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。
= 2 \* ROMAN II.语篇填空
1.that 2.wh 3.why 4.that 5.whether/if
6.whether/if 7.that 8.whether/if 9.what 10.Why
III.语法填空
【文章大意】作者的丈夫Sam沉迷于手机，即便在度假期间，他每隔几分钟也要查看一下手机，这严重影响了他们正常的生活。
1.t check
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处含有an urge t d sth.结构，名词urge后常跟动词不定式，故此处应填t check。
2.inapprpriate
【解析】考查词义转换。 此处表示他在不合适的时间看手机，比如我们在餐馆吃饭我正和他说话的时候。结合语境可知，本空应填apprpriate的反义词inapprpriate"不适当的，不合适的"。
3.behaves
【解析】考查动词时态。根据语境可知，此处作者在描述她丈夫的日常行为，应用一般现在时。
4.wh
【解析】考查名词性从句。根据语境"查看谁在和他联系的诱惑是如此强烈"可知，see后的宾语从句缺少主语，故填连接代词wh。
5.but
【解析】考查连词。空格前后两句话之间为转折关系，故填表示转折关系的连词but。
6.is interrupted
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，life与interrupt之间存在动宾关系，故应用被动语态。全文的主体时态为一般现在时，故本句用一般现在时。
7.an
【解析】考查冠词。此处prblem为可数名词，其前应用冠词，又因为everyday的发音以元音音素开头，所以用an。
8.recently
【解析】考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，故填recently"最近"。
9.illness
【解析】考查名词。由本空前的a real可知，此处应填名词illness "疾病"。
10.frm
【解析】考查介词。此处存在固定短语suffer frm"遭受，患有……，为……所苦"。
题组三体验真题
1.D
2.D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词hw引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。
3.C
【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子可知介词f后跟由what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作charge的宾语，故选C项。句意：我们之所以选择这家酒店，是因为这里的价格低至20美元一晚，是过去收费的一半。
4.C
【解析】考查主语从句。helps是谓语，＂_________ yu can d＂是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，d后缺少宾语，表示＂任何事情＂，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
5.A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，that也可以省略。故选A。
6. D
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：通常，对于那些心存希望的人来说一切皆有可能。此句中It为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。故D项正确。
6. C
【解析】分析句子可知，describes是主句的谓语动词，那么________ yu said at the meeting是主语从句，所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中作said的宾语，表示＂什么＂，故选C。
7. A
8.B
【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestin的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。故选B。
10. what
【解析】考查主语从句。此处what引导主语从句，what在从句中作happened的宾语，表示＂什么，事情＂。句意：最终，我决定跟着她，发生的事情真的让我很惊讶……
引导词
作用
引导词
作用
that
无词义，在从句中不充当成分，但不能省略
hw
多么，怎样，作方式状语或程度状语
wh
谁，作主语、宾语
when
何时，作时间状语
whm
谁，作宾语
where
在哪儿，作地点状语
what
什么，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语
why
为什么，作原因状语
which
哪一个，哪些，作主语、宾语、定语
whether
是否
注意：
whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
（1）与r nt紧接连用时。
Let me knw whether r nt yu can cme. 请让我知道你是否能来。
（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
We are interested in whether yu will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
宾语从句的用法速记口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
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