高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course随堂练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course随堂练习题，共7页。

Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. They insisted n it that the m （发动机） shuld be repaired as sn as pssible.
2. Her name has been mentined as a favured leadership c （候选人）.
3. The first e （片段） f the TV series ccupies a peak evening viewing slt.
4. The cmpany’s c （承诺） t prviding quality at a reasnable price has been vital t its success.
5. The peple are the m （动机） frce in the making f wrld histry.
6. Lu Xun was l （忠实的） t the peple，bending his back t the task until his dying day.
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
1. In rder t survive in the wild，we had t learn hw t cllect water and .
2. There are many fireflies in the frest which flashes f light when they fly at night.
3. As far as I am cncerned，yu’d better finish yur teaching tasks time.
4. The teacher tried t the disappinted by when he failed t win the prize.
5. Can yu lend me 10 dllars? I will the mney t yu n Friday.
6. In rder t be mre cmpetitive，my friend decided t a cmputer class.
7. The accunt infrmatin tw parts：netwrk and lcal system.
8. We’ve yu t visit the Metrplitan Museum f Art.
9. The match tk nearly three hurs and was interrupted by rain.
10. I hear frm my friends that the curse English beginners.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. I have arranged fr Tm （pick）up the experts at the airprt.
2. she culd mve ut f the rm，she heard a lud nise.
3. Thanks t yur hard wrk，we can finish the task ahead schedule.
4. He was a gd man wh was （cmmit）t his family as well as t his wrk.
5. Withut passin，peple wn’t have the （mtive）r the jy necessary fr creative thinking.
6. Thugh sme f the questins seem unfamiliar t me，they are easy （answer）.
7. Alne in a strange city，withut friends and mney，he fell despair.
8. It is very pleasant fr him t travel and t explre is new.
Ⅳ. 微写作
根据下面提示，写一篇有关沙克尔顿的短文。要求80词左右。
1. 沙克尔顿于1874年2月15日出生在爱尔兰。（be brn）
2. 沙克尔顿在伦敦长大，10岁时他的家人搬到了那里。（where引导的定语从句）
3. 1901年参加了一次南极探险，但由于生病，他很早就被送回了家。（jin an expeditin，due t）
4. 他致力于探索南极，领导了跨南极远征。（devted t作状语）
5. 沙克尔顿最终救出了他的船员，他们都活了下来。（“代词+ f +关系代词”引导的定语从句）
6. 1922年1月5日，在另一次南极探险时，沙克尔顿在船上因心脏病发作而去世。（while ding）
7. 沙克尔顿被认为是世界上最著名的探险家之一。（be regarded as）
句型：非限制性定语从句
能力提升练
= 5 \* ROMAN V. 课文语法填空
When we watched Shackletn and the bat sail away 1. Elephant Island，we felt lw and
2. （discurage）. But it was nt fr lng. A gd dinner and sme music made us 3. （cheer） again. Life fell int a regular pattern. We had t find fd and 4. （drink） water and als had t deal with the changing temperatures. 5. twenty-tw f us lived like this in the cld fr fur mnths. We were 6. （luck） that ur grup wrked hard t shw an admirable mental attitude and dealt with ur ever-present fears 7. a psitive and successful way. When we were 8. （final） rescued，we felt such relief and jy that many f us culd nt hide ur tears. It was ur 9. （ptimistic）and faith in Shackletn that had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his cmmitment 10.
（save） us frm a slw but painful death.
= 6 \* ROMAN VI.阅读理解
A
Even as self-driving cars becme mre and mre ppular，there’s ne prblem that Silicn Valley hasn’t slved：the traffic jam. But Airbus Grup，an aernautics and space cmpany，thinks that it has a slutin. The cmpany’s Silicn Valley branch recently annunced it’s been wrking n a secret prject titled“Vahana”，an autnmus flying vehicle that can be used fr bth passenger and carg（货物）transprt.
Airbus’ flying taxi resembles a drne in design，and wuld use multiple prpellers（螺旋 桨） t travel medium-length distances. Develpers in France and Germany are wrking n an electrically perated platfrm that wuld allw the flying taxi t carry multiple passengers nce between city destinatins. Currently，n cuntries allw cmpletely autnmus aerial vehicles，s the vehicle wuld initially be manned by a pilt.
Flight tests f the first Vahana prttype（原型） are planned，in the hpe f bringing the prduct t cnsumers quickly. That’s abut a decade sner than anther future-travel system Hyperlp One.
“I’m n big fan f Star Wars，but it’s nt crazy t imagine that ne day ur big cities will have flying cars making their way alng rads in the sky，”says the CEO f Airbus Grup，Tm Enders.“In the nt-t-distant future，we’ll use ur smartphnes t bk a fully autmated flying taxi that will land utside ur frnt dr—withut any pilt.”
But befre yu get t excited abut beating rush-hur traffic，it’s wrth nting that the cmpany has a lt f technlgical kinks t wrk ut befre the prduct is ready t test. The same sensr technlgy that allws self-driving cars t avid accidents desn’t exist fr aerial vehicles. Airbus Grup isn’t the nly cmpany trying t get in the autnmus air transprtatin game. There are a number f carg drne cmpanies n the market and the EHang 184，a Chinese passenger drne，began flight testing in June.
1. Why des the present flying taxi have t be manned?
A. It makes urban planning hard.B. It makes future traffic busy.
C. It’s nt legally permitted.D. It may cause accidents.
2. What is Tm Enders’s attitude twards the prject?
A. Dubtful.B. Psitive.C. Disapprving.D. Uncaring.
3. What des the underlined wrd“kinks”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Barriers.B. Strategies.C. Slutins.D. Means.
4. What’s the best title f the text?
A. A Slutin t Wrldwide Traffic JamsB. Airbus Grup Jins the Air Transprtatin Game
C. Airbus Grup Will Make Flying Taxis a RealityD. A Bright Future f Flying Vehicles
B
Christy and Ted Wilsn set aside time every Sunday evening t g ver their shared t-d list. Mst f the items are tasks like scheduling dctr appintments and rganizing play dates fr their three yung children.
In every relatinship，there’s a questin f wh is pulling their weight arund the huse. Nw that a majrity f married-cuple families have tw wrking parents，the ld“rugh day at the ffice”excuse desn’t really cut it.
Wmen still handle mre f the husehld activities，but men increasingly are spending time n fd preparatin and clean-up. T keep things fair r at least t avid fights，cuples are turning t technlgy. They are using prject management apps designed fr the wrkplace t divide up and track husehld t-ds and reserving a prtin f their date nights t cmpare chres. In sme cases，they are even turning it int a game，setting rewards fr getting things dne.
The imbalance desn’t always fllw gender lines（性别界线）. There was a time when Mr. Wilsn was in mre f a“Mr. Mm”rle：He was attending business schl，while Mrs. Wilsn was clcking lng hurs as a lawyer. S Mr. Wilsn had mre flexibility t take n mre f the child-care and husehld management wrk. The cuple’s rles changed after Mr. Wilsn graduated and started an e-cmmerce cmpany.“We have had a lt f switching back and frth f wh was in the driver’s seat in terms f husehld management s ne persn wasn’t t put upn，”she said. They began using calendars t keep the family schedules straight and sharing a t-d list in the Ntes app n their phnes. Each can take n chres the ther dislikes.
5. What des the underlined part“pulling their weight arund the huse”prbably mean?
A. Taking n the husehld chres. B. Sharing the burden f buying a huse.
C. Running arund the huse t lse weight. D. Making excuses fr nt ding any husewrk.
6. Why des the cuple turn t prject management apps?
A. T stp their arguments ver dates. B. T play phne games with each ther.
C. T distribute and fllw husehld t-ds. D. T reward themselves fr ding the husewrk.
7. What can we infer frm the Wilsns’ example?
A. Digital apps can nly handle husehld arguments.
B. Cuples need t switch their rles each day.
C. Gender plays a key rle in management.
D. Understanding can help settle cnflicts.
8. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Ways t finish husewrkB. Advantages f the Ntes app
C. A family t-d list ges digitalD. Wrking parents face difficulties
= 7 \* ROMAN VII.阅读理解七选五
Hw t Cpe When Life Des Things We Can’t Cntrl
Stuff happens in life. 1 We neither see the difficulties cming，nr have cntrl t stp them. The result，f curse，is mre anxiety and stress than we knw. Here are sme appraches that can help us mve thrugh what life thrws us.
·Thrw ur inner victim a life jacket. When life becmes messy，it ften feels easier t just thrw up ur hands and assume we can’t d anything. 2 Being a victim ften allws us t pretend we are fine and chse t feel srry fr urselves. While we can’t change what has happened，nne f us are pwerless. Cnsider finding a stress supprt grup r calling a htline. We all have the pwer t chse ur next step in life.
3 When we are under stress，the natural tendency is t“talk things thrugh”with ur friends and lved nes. 4 Writing things dwn n paper can be an amazing way t make the facts clear and keep them straight. The prcess f mving thught t hand makes it harder fr us t lie t urselves. The mre we get t the truth f ur situatin，the mre we can surce ways t deal with it. We might als benefit frm writing dwn ur ideas fr managing ur situatin.
Switch up ur perspective. 5 It rarely is. Instead，it’s a perspective. Imagine life is a statue，and that a circle f peple surrund the statue，and hw many mre angles are there t see things frm than the ne yu are standing at? Smetimes a new perspective can put us int a better mindset.
A. Be hnest n paper.
B. It des wrk，but nt always.
C. This is a frm f victim mde.
D. And ften，difficult stuff happens.
E. Therefre，life may thrw us a curve ball.
F. Get supprt frm ur friends and lved nes.
G. Many f us believe what we think is the whle truth.
课时把关练
Part III Using Language
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. mtr 2. candidate 3. episde 4. cmmitment 5. mtive 6. lyal
Ⅱ. 1. make fire 2. give ff 3. ahead f 4. cheer up 5. pay back 6. sign up fr 7. cnsists f
8. arranged fr 9. at times 10. is suitable fr
Ⅲ. 1. t pick 句意：我已安排汤姆去机场接专家们。arrange fr sb. t d sth.安排某人做某事。
2. Befre 句意：她还没来得及出房间，就听见一声巨响。befre表示“还没来得及；在……之前”。
3. f 句意：多亏你的努力，我们可以提前完成任务。ahead f schedule提前。
4. cmmitted 句意：他是一个好人，对他的家庭和工作都尽心尽力。所填的词作表语，所以用形容词形式。
5. mtivatin 句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创造性思维所必需的动力和快乐。所填的词作宾语，所以用名词形式。
6. t answer 句意：虽然有些问题对我来说似乎不熟悉，但它们很容易回答。此处是“be+形容词+t d”结构。
7. int 句意：独自在一个陌生的城市，没有朋友和金钱，他陷入了绝望。fall int despair陷入绝望。
8. whatever/what 句意：对他来说，旅行和探索（任何）新的事物是非常愉快的。所填词引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，所以用whatever/what。
Ⅳ. One pssible versin：
Ernest Shackletn was brn n February 15，1874 in Ireland and he was raised in Lndn，where his family mved when Shackletn was 10. He jined an expeditin t the Antarctic in 1901，but was sent hme early due t his illness. Devted t explring the Antarctic，he led the Trans-Antarctic Expeditin. Shackletn eventually rescued his crew，all f whm survived. On January 5，1922，Shackletn suffered a heart attack n his ship and died while setting ut n anther Antarctic expeditin. Shackletn was regarded as ne f the mst famus explrers in the wrld.
= 5 \* ROMAN V. 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了沙克尔顿乘船去求救，队员们等待救援的过程。
1. frm 此处表示乘船驶离象岛，所以填frm。
2. discuraged 此处描述留在象岛上的队员们的心理感受，所以用discuraged。
3. cheerful 此处表示“使我们高兴起来”，所以填cheerful。
4. drinking 此处表示“饮用水”，所以填drinking。
5. The 特指剩下的22人，所以填the。
6. lucky 所填的词作表语，所以用形容词形式。
7. in in 用……的方式。
8. finally 所填的词作状语，所以用副词形式。
9. ptimism 所填的词和下文的faith并列，所以用名词形式。
10. t save 所填的词作定语修饰cmmitment，所以用动词不定式。
= 6 \* ROMAN VI. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。无人驾驶汽车越来越受欢迎，但有一个问题没有解决：交通堵塞。为解决这一问题，空中客车集团（Airbus Grup）正在研究可以同时用于客运和货运的自动飞行器。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Currently，n cuntries allw cmpletely autnmus aerial vehicles，s the vehicle wuld initially be manned by a pilt.”可知，目前没有一个国家允许完全自动的空中交通工具。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第四段“‘ it’s nt crazy t imagine that ne day ur big cities will have flying cars making their way alng rads in the sky，’...‘In the nt-t-distant utside ur frnt dr—withut any pilt.’”可知，Tm Enders 对于自动飞行器的看法是积极的。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“The same sensr technlgy that allws self-driving cars t avid accidents desn’t exist fr aerial vehicles.”可知，能和自动驾驶汽车一样避免事故的传感技术在空中交通工具上并不存在，还有很多技术问题需要解决。所以kinks在文中意为“问题”。
4. C 标题判断题。本文主要讲述了空中客车集团正在研究可以同时用于客运和货运的自动飞行器。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。
5. A 词句猜测题。根据第三段首句可知，女性仍然承担更多的家务活，但男性越来越多地花时间准备食物和打扫卫生。由此推知，画线部分所在句意为“在每段关系中，都有一个谁该承担家务活的问题”。
6. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“They are using prject management apps designed fr the wrkplace t divide up and track husehld t-ds and reserving a prtin f their date nights t cmpare chres.”可知，这对夫妇使用项目管理程序是为了分配和跟踪家庭待办事项。
7. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The cuple’s rles changed...‘ ne persn wasn’t t put upn，’...”可知， Wilsn夫妇根据彼此的工作需要灵活转换在家庭管理中充当的角色，通过互相理解来经营家庭。我们可以从他们的例子中推知：理解有助于解决冲突。
8. C 标题判断题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“T keep things fair r at least t avid fights，cuples are turning t technlgy.”可知，文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。
= 7 \* ROMAN VII. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。我们的生活中经常会发生我们无法控制的事情，那这个时候我们该如何应对呢？文章就此给我们提出了几条建议。
1. D 根据上下文可知，生活中总会发生一些我们无法预测的事情。由此可知，D项“并且困难的事情经常会发生”符合题意，D项中stuff是关键词，difficult stuff对应下文中的difficulties。
2. C 根据上下文可知，此处在介绍一种受害者模式的表现。由此可知，C项“这是受害者模式的一种形式”符合题意，其中victim是关键词，与下一句对应。故选C。
3. A 根据下文可知，本段主要讲述要写下自己的真实情况。由此可知，A项“在书面上诚实”可以概括本段主旨。
4. B 上文提到当我们处于压力之下时，我们自然会与我们的朋友和爱人“谈论事情”，下文提到把事情写在纸上是一种让事实清晰明了的神奇方式。与我们的朋友和爱人“谈论事情”确实有效，但并不总是有效，所以我们才选择把事情写在纸上。由此可知，B项“它确实有效，但并不总是有效”承上启下，符合题意。
5. G 根据下文可知，我们应该改变我们的视角。由此可知，G项“我们中的许多人相信我们思考的是全部的事实”与下文之间形成转折关系，符合题意。
pay back，make fire，give ff，ahead f，cheer up，sign up fr，at times，cnsist f，arrange fr，be suitable fr