专题12 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“猜测词义1”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习

这是一份专题12 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“猜测词义1”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习，文件包含专题12培优小题狂练阅读理解“猜测词义1”题考情+技法+真题+模拟-2024年新高考英语二轮复习原卷版docx、专题12培优小题狂练阅读理解“猜测词义1”题考情+技法+真题+模拟-2024年新高考英语二轮复习解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共53页， 欢迎下载使用。


【近年高考考情】
1.（2023•新高考I卷•C篇）29题
2.（2023•新高考II卷•C篇）30题
3.（2023•全国甲卷•B篇）24题
4.（2023•全国乙卷•B篇）24题
5.（2023•浙江1月卷•B篇）24题
6.（2023•浙江1月卷•B篇）29题
7.（2022•新高考I卷•C篇）30题
8.（2022•新高考II卷•C篇）30题
9.（2022•全国甲卷•B篇）28题
10.（2021•新高考I卷•C篇）30题
11.（2021•新高考II卷•C篇）30题
12.（2021•全国甲卷•B篇）29题
13.（2021•全国乙卷•B篇）25题
【解题实用技法】
一、设问方式
1. What des the underlined wrd “dwnside” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
2. What des the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
二、实用妙招
在阅读理解中，通常通过信息指代类的题目考查考生对于上下文衔接关系以及文章基本结构的把握。信息指代类题目在高考英语中有两种:名词(短语)指代题和代词指代题。本专题我们就如何解答名词(短语)指代题进行相关技巧的点拨。
解答名词(短语)指代题时，可以按照如下步骤进行:
1.定位：返回原文，找出名词(短语)所在句;
2.代入：将四个选项代入该名词(短语)，看意思是否通顺;
3.匹配：联系上下文，读懂相关句子的含义，进一步分析四个选项，选出符合上下文语境的最佳答案。
二、思维导图
1.利用释义法猜词
在说明文尤其是科技类说明文中，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语进行解释。常见的有对该词下定义或后跟同位语、定语从句、冒号、破折号、括号等引出解释说明部分。
考例1（2022•全国乙卷•C篇29题）
29. What des “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Persnnel safety. B. Assistance frm drnes.
C. inspectin and repair. D. Cnstructin f infrastructure.
原文：That includes huge savings in maintenance csts and better prtectin f railway persnnel safety. It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerus wrk that culd be avided with drnes assisting the crews’ effrts.
解析：“including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”对“maintenance”进行了解释，故推测maintenance是“维护，保养”的意思，C项inspectin and repair与句中的inspect and repair对应。故选C。
2.利用构词法猜词
英语单词可以通过添加词缀、合成或转化的方式构成新词或生成新的词义。同学们要熟记一定数量的词根、前缀和后缀，从而达到通过“解剖”一个单词，对一个生词能够“望文生义”的效果。
考例2（2016•全国II卷•B篇27题）
27. What des the underlined wrd “dwnside” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean？
A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden.
原文：Encuraging this kind f thinking has a dwnside. I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking. Withut fail ne wuld declare, “But I’m just nt creative.”
解析：dwnside是由“dwn（向下）+ side（方面）”构成的合成词，并且后文提到“作者冒着失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险”。因此，我们可以猜测该词的意思是“不足，缺点”，故选B项。
3.利用因果关系猜词
若画线单词或短语前后句子之间构成因果关系，那我们便可以根据这种因果逻辑关系推知单词或短语的意义。因果关系的语境通常由because, s, thus, therefre, as a result f, s that, 等标志词体现。
考例3（2019•全国II卷•B篇25题）
25. What des the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A. Encurage team wrk. B. Appeal t feeling.
C. Prmte gd deeds. D. Prvide advice.
原文：I guess that there’s prbably sme demanding wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt. She may just need a little persuading. S I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n … At this pint the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll d it.”
【解析】由逻辑词“s”可知，此处可以借助因果逻辑关系猜测词义句意。画线部分的前一句提到“她可能需要有人劝说一下”，故“tug at the heartstrings”应该有“劝说”的意思。“appeal t feeling”意思是“打动某人，唤起某人的情感”，故选B项。
4.利用对比关系猜词
运用转折对比描述事物或现象是写作时常用的一种手法，作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反信息，抓住这些信号词，结合上下文意，我们就能够快速推测出词义。体现对比关系的词语很多，常见的有but, yet, hwever, while, unlike, instead f, n the ther hand, rather than, n the cntrary等。
考例4 （2020•新高考卷Ⅰ•D篇33题）
33. What des the underlined wrd “beanples” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. Big eaters.B. Overweight persns.C. Picky eaters.D. Tall thin persns.
原文：Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research, bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins can influence ur fd intake. And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份), it’s the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
解析：利用对比关系猜测词义。根据 “And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份)，it’s the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.”，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭) 相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“cntrary t”可知，画线词与heavier peple含义相反。
5.利用语境法解题
有些猜测词义句意题找不到以上标志或线索，我们可以利用上下文提供的语境进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而推测词义句意。
考例5（2022•新高考II卷，B篇24题）
24. What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Prvided shelter fr me. B. Became very clear t me.
C. Tk the pressure ff me. D. Wrked quite well n me.
原文：We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn't even realize it's new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children's bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures—a perfect match fr his age.
解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上看书时，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
6.利用同义关系解题
画线单词或短语前后有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时我们可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。常见的表示同义关系的词或短语有and, r, like, as well, similarly, t, als, either等。
考例6（2015•四川卷•D篇44题）
44. What des the underlined wrd “ncturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean？
A. Active at night. B. Inactive at night.
C. Active during the day. D. Inactive during the day.
原文：And it is nt just rbins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are als being mre ncturnal.
解析：画线单词前一句说“不是只有知更鸟在人造光下会一直醒着”，而“als（也）”表明这一句与前面表达的意思相近，即“黑鹂和海鸥也更活跃”。“ncturnal”应该是“awake”的近义词，意为“夜间活跃的”，故选A项。
7.利用生活常识解题
在仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系和语境无法猜出词义时，我们可以借助生活经验和普通常识确定词义。
考例7（2020•江苏卷•C篇61题）
61. The underlined expressin “stmach it” in Paragraph 1 mst prbably means “ _______ ”.
A. digest the meal easily B. manage withut breakfast
C. decide wisely what t eat D. eat whatever is ffered
原文：Fr thse wh can stmach it, wrking ut befre breakfast may be mre beneficial fr health than eating first, accrding t a study f meal timing and physical activity.
解析：此题考查“stmach”的生僻意思。根据生活常识可知，有的人锻炼前不吃早饭是受不了的，所以此处意为“如果可以忍受空腹的话，在吃早饭前去锻炼比吃过早餐后去锻炼好处更多”，故选B项。
【高考真题再练】
1.（2023•新高考I卷•C篇29题）
Part ne cncludes by intrducing my suggested methd fr adpting this philsphy: the digital declutter. This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days. At the end f the thirty days, yu will then add back a small number f carefully chsen nline activities that yu believe will prvide massive benefits t the things yu value.
29. What des the underlined wrd “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up.B. Add-n.C. Check-in.D. Take-ver.
2.（2023•新高考II卷•C篇30题）
In this “bk f bks,” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. Adults are prtrayed (描绘) alne in many settings and pses —absrbed in a vlume, deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.
30. What d the underlined wrds “relate t” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Understand.B. Paint.
C. Seize.D. Transfrm.
3.（2023•全国甲卷•B篇24题）
Terri Bltn is a dab hand when it cmes t DIY (d-it-yurself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing tgether furniture, she never pays smene else t d a jb she can d herself.
24. Which is clsest in meaning t “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A. An artist.B. A winner.C. A specialist.D. A pineer.
4.（2023•全国乙卷•B篇24题）
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
34. What des the underlined wrd “cnversatin” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Prblem.B. Histry.C. Vice. D. Sciety.
5.（2023•浙江1月卷•B篇24题）
Live with rmmates? Have friends and family arund yu? Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.
24. What d the underlined wrds “jump n that bandwagn” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Share an apartment with yu.B. Jin yu in what yu’re ding.
C. Transfrm yur way f living.D. Help yu t make the decisin.
6.（2023•浙江1月卷•B篇29题）
Brilliant thugh it is, Prject Debater has sme weaknesses. It takes sentences frm its library f dcuments and prebuilt arguments and strings them tgether. This can lead t the kinds f errrs n human wuld make. Such wrinkles will n dubt be irned ut, yet they als pint t a fundamental prblem. As Kristian Hammnd, prfessr f electrical engineering and cmputer science at Nrthwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knws what it’s talking abut.”
29. What des the underlined wrd “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Arguments.B. Dubts.C. Errrs.D. Differences.
7.（2022•新高考I卷•C篇30题）
Wendy Wilsn, extra care manager at 60 Penfld Street, ne f the first t embark n the prject, said: “Residents really welcme the idea f the prject and the creative sessins. We are lking frward t the benefits and fun the prject can bring t peple here.”
30. What d the underlined wrds “embark n” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Imprve.B. Oppse.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.
8.（2022•新高考II卷•C篇30题）
"We need smething n the bks that can change peple's behavir,” said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state's 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said, "peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne."
30. What des the underlined wrd "smething" in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Advice.B. Data.C. Tests.D. Laws.
9.（2022•全国甲卷•B篇28题）
Ever since her childhd, Ginni, nw 71, has had a deep lve fr travel. Thrughut her career(职业) as a prfessinal dancer, she tured in the UK, but always lnged t explre further When she retired frm dancing and her sns eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time t take the plunge.
28. Which f the fllwing best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Try challenging things.B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lst memries.D. Stick t a prmise.
10.（2021•新高考I卷•C篇30题）
When the explrers first set ft upn the cntinent f Nrth America, the skies and lands were alive with an astnishing variety f wildlife. Native Americans had taken care f these precius natural resurces wisely. Unfrtunately, it tk the explrers and the settlers wh fllwed nly a few decades t decimate a large part f these resurces. Millins f waterfwl (水禽) were killed at the hands f market hunters and a handful f verly ambitius sprtsmen. Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever-increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat (栖息地).
29. What des the underlined wrd “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire.B. Exprt.C. Destry.D. Distribute.
11.（2021•新高考II卷•C篇30题）
As they grew mre mbile, we let them mve freely arund the huse during the day, but when we were asleep we had t cntain them in a large rm, therwise they'd get up t mischief. We'd cme dwn in the mrning t find they'd turned the rm upside dwn, and left it lking like a z.
25. What d the underlined wrds “get up t mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Behave badly.B. Lse their way.C. Sleep sundly.D. Miss their mm.
12.（2021•全国甲卷•B篇29题）
Suthbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center f British skatebarding, where the cntinuus crashing f skatebards left yur head ringing .I lved it. I sn made friends with the lcal skaters. We spke ur wn language. And my favrite: Safe. Safe meant cl. It meant hell. It meant dn't wrry abut it. Once, when trying a certain trick n the beam（横杆）, I fell nt the stnes, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Tby came ver, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their bards lud, shuting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered —landing tricks, being a gd skater.
29. What d the underlined wrds “Safe! Safe! Safe!” prbably mean?
A. Be careful!B. Well dne!C. N way!D. Dn't wrry!
13.（2021•全国乙卷•B篇25题）
Still, 55 percent f Australians have a landline phne at hme and nly just ver a quarter (29%) rely nly n their smartphnes accrding t a survey (调查). Of thse Australians wh still have a landline, a third cncede that it’s nt really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case f emergencies. I think my hme falls int that categry.
25. What des the underlined wrd “cncede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit. B. Argue.C. Remember.D. Remark.
【名校好题强化】片段式
（23·24上·沈阳·期中）The researchers said, “The finding is nt just useful fr the wrld’s gardens, but als fr farms grwing vital crps like rice and wheat. Drught-resistant crps culd help achieve sustainable fd security, which is an issue affecting many parts f the wrld right nw.” They added that ethanl was a useful and simple way t increase fd prductin all ver the wrld in times f drught. “The applicatin f ethanl t plants wuld be a ptent agricultural methd t enhance drught resistance in different plants,” said Mtaki Seki, the study’s lead authr. But, he warned that the ethanl needed t be used reasnably as higher cncentratin f ethanl prevented plants grwing. Seki added, “We will sn begin testing ethanl n plants in real fields.”
1．What des the underlined wrd “ptent” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Effective.B．Basic.C．Fictinal.D．Necessary.
（23·24上·保定·期中）Despite these examples f decline, ther interactins are increasing. Watching wildlife dcumentaries r interacting with wild animals in videgames is, fr example, mre cmmn than a few years ag. “New ways f digitally interacting with nature have certainly emerged r increased in recent years,” says Dr Gladys Barragan-Jasn. “But several frmer studies shw that these vicarius interactins have a lesser effect n ur sense f cnnectin with nature than expsure t nature, such as visiting nature parks.”
2．What des the underlined wrd “vicarius” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Psitive.B．Nvel.C．Indirect.D．Cmplex.
（22·23上·济宁·期中）Many f the wrld’s aquifers already seem t be drying up. Twenty-ne f the earth’s 37 biggest aquifers are becming smaller, satellite data shw. The mst dried-ut aquifers are near big cities, farms, r dry regins. As grundwater stres dwindle, they hld less water t refill rivers and streams, thus threatening freshwater ecsystems. In Califrnia, drying up the grund may even be causing small earthquakes.
3．What des the underlined wrd “dwindle” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Decrease.B．Develp.C．Frm.D．Crss.
（23·24上·河南·期中）Supprters f lab-grwn meat say it des nt require killing r hurting animals. They als say it helps diminish and ease the effects that feeding animals and animal waste have n the envirnment. But Martin said that if t little is prduced, and nly a small number f peple eat it, it will have little effect n the envirnment.
4．What des the underlined wrd “diminish” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Cnserve.B．Anticipate.C．Tackle.D．Decrease.
（23·24上·全国·期中）Let’s fast frward a year. Yu have been in yur psitin nw fr ne year, and yu are wrking with the same team. Yu are nticing that yur clleagues cntinue asking fr yur help ver and ver again. In fact, the nly time they cmmunicate with yu is when they need smething. Yu have been s helpful t yur clleagues and there has rarely been any return frm them.
In a very brad sense, it is advantageus t be kind t thers, and yur kind acts will be appreciated and, perhaps, paid frward. Hwever, yu need t be willing t say “n”. Recgnize when yur plate is already t full. When peple ask yu a favr, assess if yu have the time, energy, and attentin t give t them. T truly be kind, smetimes yu need t be mre cmfrtable saying “n” t thers and saying “yes” t yurself.
5．What des the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
A．When yu’re t full t eat anything.
B．When yur kind acts get appreciated.
C．When yu shuld ask thers a favr.
D．When yu’re physically and mentally tired.
（23·24上·上海·阶段练习）The real cncern, then, is nt that we weight t much, but that we neither exercise enugh nr eat well. Exercise is necessary fr strng bnes and bth heart and lung health. A balanced diet withut a lt f fat can als help the bdy avid many diseases. We shuld surely stp paying s much attentin t weight. Simply being thin is nt enugh. It is actually hazardus if thse wh get (r already are) thin think they are autmatically healthy and thus free frm paying attentin t their verall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglry.
6．What des the underlined wrd “vainglry” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Great hnur.B．Outdated cncept.C．Self-relianceD．Excessive pride.
（23·24上·重庆·阶段练习）Anther institutin funded by the Natinal Science Fundatin will analyze hundreds f simulatins (模拟) f aersl injectin, testing the effects n weather extremes arund the wrld. One gal f the research is t lk fr a sweet spt: the amunt f artificial cling that can reduce extreme weather events withut causing brader changes in reginal rainfall patterns r similar impacts.
7．What des the underlined wrds “a sweet spt” in the last paragraph mean?
A．The rainfall pattern f a regin.B．The mdest drp in temperature.
C．The injectin amunt f aersl.D．The number f extreme weather events.
（23·24上·乐山·开学考试）Albert Einstein nce said, “Life is like riding a bicycle. T keep yur balance, yu must keep mving.” In my case, it’s the ther way arund. In rder t keep mving, I must keep my balance—the balance between studies and activities, efficiency and prcrastinatin (拖延症), academics and health, passins and dislikes. The new jurney is ging t be a hard ne, but if I set these gals, I believe I will make it thrugh t the end.
8．What des the underlined sentence “it’s the ther way arund” in the last paragraph mean?
A．It is the ppsite.B．It is difficult.
C．It is necessary.D．It is helpful.
【名校好题强化】语篇式
（23·24上·江苏·模拟预测）On an extremely cld December night, fire trucks arrived in the sleepy little twn f Mantn, Michigan and sht t Chittle’s hme. Was it because f a fire r a child climbing t high t a dangerus place? Rather, it was fr helping make a dream cme true.
Outdr activities and a slw pace f life are a mainstay in this rural twn. When peple were unable t leave the cmmunity, Sctt Chittle decided they needed a safe place t cme tgether and smething jyful during the winter mnths. And what is a better utdr activity t get peple utside than ice skating?
T fulfil his dream, Chittle dwnladed instructins n hw t build an ice rink and then rdered a 3,000 square ft waterprf clth and sme wd t create walls nline. It tk 12 fire trucks t get enugh water t fill the plt.
It tk a little time and sme neighbrly persuasin as Chittle went dr t dr t cnvince peple t cme t see his creatin, and sn Chittle’s backyard ice rink became a Mantn ht spt. Children were skating and shting, a fire was burning, and ht chclate was steaming in t-g cups. “When things were tugh, it was a place,” says Chittle’s neighbr Audrey Hker. “It was fantastic because we just came tgether and became calm and happy instead f cncerned.”
But the gdwill didn’t stp with Chittle. When the cmmunity heard hw much mney he used t make this prject happen, everyne stepped frward. A fundraiser brught in abut $1,300, and letters flded t Chittle’s hme stuffed with cash. “Almst 30 cmplete strangers kncked n my dr t just shake my hand and say thank yu, mst f them handing me mney as well and three asking fr a hug,” says Chittle. “This has been a cmmunity thing. It’s mre than me. I want t shw the rest f the wrld what a little effrt and the best intentins can d.”
9．Why did fire trucks cme t Mantn?
A．T deal with an emergency.B．T send water t the cmmunity.
C．T ensure peple’s safety in the twn.D．T help with Chittle building the ice rink.
10．What did Chittle d t carry ut his prject?
A．Persuade his neighbrs t make dnatins.B．Purchase a piece f land behind his huse.
C．Turn t the Internet fr tips and materials.D．Research the ppular lifestyles in Mantn.
11．Hw did the ice rink affect the cmmunity?
A．It made the cmmunity ppular in Mantan.B．It slwed dwn the pace f the residents’ life.
C．It ffered peple there cmfrt and cmpany.D．It inspired the residents t d utdr activities.
12．What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A．Everyne culd make a difference t sciety.B．Chittle received acts f kindness frm thers.
C．The cmmunity gt better due t the ice rink.D．Chittle had gdwill t the whle cmmunity.
（23·24上·长春·阶段练习）Jse Albert Gutierrez’s life wuld never be the same again after finding a cpy f Anna Karenina by Le Tlsty in the garbage 20 years ag. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck thrugh wealthier neighbrhds at night and seeing deserted bks. It sparked his desire t start rescuing bks frm the garbage. He tk hme between 50 and 60 bks every mrning after his nine-hur shift. Eventually, he turned his bk cllectin int a cmmunity library.
Clmbia’s capital city f Bgta has 13 millin residents and 19 public libraries. Hwever, these libraries tend t be far away frm where rural and prer cmmunities live. The ptin f buying new bks is nn-existent fr families struggling t make ends meet. Having access t a library f bks and being taken away t anther wrld while absrbed in a bk is a luxury fr the kids wh visit Gutierrez’s library.
Gutierrez grew up pr, and his family culd nt affrd t educate him beynd primary schl. Nevertheless, his mther was a keen reader and read stries t him every night. Her lve fr bks left a deep impressin n Gutierrez, wh never let a lack f frmal educatin stp him frm reading classics by the likes f Victr Hug, Mari Vargas Llsa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
Tday, his cmmunity library, called “The Strength f Wrds”, ccupies mst f his hme and is piled frm flr t ceiling with fictin and nn-fictin titles. Everything frm schl textbks t stry bks can be fund in his cllectin f mre than 20,000 bks!
The Strength f Wrds library pens every weekend. It is nt just schl-ging children wh are enjying the benefits f The Strength f Wrds library. Adults are als welcme t expand their hrizns and develp new skills t build a better life fr themselves.
Despite having dne s much fr his cmmunity, Gutierrez is nt yet cntent t call it a day. He cntinues t search thrugh bins fr reading material and has even travelled t bk fairs in Mexic and Chile t sell his idea f building library frm unwanted bks.
13．What inspired Gutierrez t build the cmmunity library?
A．The dilemma he faced n the night shift.
B．The hbby he has started since childhd.
C．Famus nvelists he liked very much.
D．Abandned bks he came acrss at wrk.
14．What can we learn abut Gutierrez’s mther?
A．She was brn int a pr family.
B．She bught Gutierrez many bks.
C．She influenced Gutierrez greatly.
D．She enjyed reading Hug’s wrks.
15．What des the underlined phrase “call it a day” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Take the time.
B．Stp the wrk.
C．Make a change.
D．Receive a reward.
16．What des Gutierrez’s stry tell us?
A．A bk hlds a huse f gld.
B．The early bird catches the wrm.
C．Gd things cme t thse wh wait.
D．One man’s trash is anther man’s treasure.
（22·23上·重庆·阶段练习）Yu’ve likely been unable t avid talk f the metaverse (虚拟空间/元宇宙) in the past few mnths. The term, first cined by sci-fi authr Neal Stephensn in a 1992 nvel, has becme a visin f the future f technlgy in ur lives. And if that is t be believed, it’s where we’ll be living the rest f ur digital lives.
“The metaverse is a further cmbinatin f ur physical and digital lives,” says Cathy Hackl f Futures Intelligence Grup. Put plainly, the metaverse is a 3D virtual space that can be accessed thrugh virtual reality gggles (眼镜), adding elements f the digital n tp f ur day-t-day lives. Yu culd attend cncerts and cnferences in the metaverse, staged in a 3D digital representatin f a nightclub r cnference center. Elsewhere, yu’ll shp fr shes in a virtual Nike stre r rder fd in a virtual McDnald’s and have it delivered t yur real-wrld hme.
“It’s the future f the Internet. But it’s als abut further cnnectivity,” says Hackl. S far, mst f the attentin arund the metaverse has been fcused n the cmpany frmerly knwn as Facebk, which rebranded last year as Meta in an indicatin f hw strngly it believes in the future f the metaverse. Funder Mark Zuckerberg wants a billin f us t live, wrk, and play in the metaverse by 2030.
But Hackl warns peple nt t view the scial media giant as the center f the metaverse. “It’s nt just ne cmpany,” she says. “N single cmpany can build it, either.” It’s als nt enabled by a single technlgy, even thugh right nw the way t “enter” the metaverse is t wear a pair f virtual reality gggles. While the early running may be made by Meta, the mmentum (势头) will be picked up by thers. And just because we have an idea f what the metaverse will lk like nw, it desn’t mean that’s what it’ll end up as, Hackl warns. “The way I explain it is we’re in a high-speed train, destinatin metaverse,” she says. “We dn’t knw the stps, but we kind f knw where we’re heading.”
17．What is the metaverse accrding t the passage?
A．It is just a wrd frm a sci-fi nvel.
B．It is a 3D virtual space that can cnnect future life.
C．It is where we’ll be living the rest f ur digital lives.
D．It is a virtual wrld that interacts with the real wrld thrugh VR gggles.
18．Why des the writer mentin cncerts and cnference in paragraph 2?
A．T intrduce hw the metaverse wrks.
B．T recmmend a new way f enjying life in the future.
C．T tell readers what his life will be like in the metaverse.
D．T prvide examples f hw physical and digital lives cmbine.
19．What can we knw abut Meta frm the passage?
A．It is the centre f the metaverse.
B．It is a scial media giant like Facebk.
C．It seems t take a leading part in the field f the metaverse.
D．It believes all f us culd live, wrk and play in the metaverse by 2030.
20．What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A．We wn’t stp until we realize the metaverse.
B．It matters wh will be in charge f the building f the metaverse.
C．Hackl is nt familiar with the train she tk but knws where t get ff.
D．Thugh nt knwing the prcess, Hackl is sure abut the bright future f the metaverse.
（22·23·盐城·三模）In this age f screens, smartphnes, virtual assistants and vice-enabled speakers, we cnstantly receive visual and auditry (听觉的) suggestins f things t d, prducts t buy, and media t cnsume. Yet are all these messages created equal? Accrding t a research, the answer is n.
In the spring f 2018, Mariadassu and Bechler, bth graduate students f Business, were sitting in a seminar (研讨会), in which they were studying hw different types f messages affect decisin-making. They learned that peple generally perceive smene as mre intelligent when they cnvey spken infrmatin rather than delivering the same message in writing.
As they chatted after class, Mariadassu recalls, “We wndered, ‘What wuld happen if yu apply this t recmmendatins?’” They believed there is “a general perceptin that peple act n auditry and visual infrmatin the same way” and wanted t explre this assumptin.
Mariadassu, wh is pursuing her PhD in marketing, with Bechler, nw a prfessr at the University f Ntre Dame’s Mendza Cllege f Business, ran a series f studies where the same infrmatin was presented t participants in different frms, including cmputer-generated audi that sunded like a smart speaker.
The researchers were surprised that auditry recmmendatins fr prducts like beer were mre influential than textual nes. “In thery, this shuldn’t prduce any difference in behavir,” Mariadassu writes in an email. “Hearing that yu shuld drink the pale beer r reading that yu shuld drink the pale beer is really ne and the same. The fact that it leads t psychlgically different experiences that are significant enugh t lead t a change in behavir is nt smething yu wuld expect.”
The effect was small but strng enugh t demnstrate a “cnsistent effect f auditry pwer”, Mariadassu says. She believes the pwer f auditry infrmatin has t d with itsephemeralnature —“it seems like there’s this srt f fundamental need t act n infrmatin that’s ging away,” she says. Bechler agrees: “When smething disappears, it creates a kind f urgency t respnd.”
21．Why did Mariadassu and Bechler cnduct the studies?
A．T apply what they learned int real life.
B．T find ut what peple are mre intelligent.
C．T explre the reasns behind peple’s different behavirs.
D．T test if different types f messages affect recmmendatins.
22．What des paragraph 5 tell us?
A．The findings f the research.
B．The thery behind the research.
C．The applicatin f the research results.
D．The explanatin f the research prcess.
23．What des the underlined wrd “ephemeral” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Uncertain.B．Temprary.C．Selective.D．Randm.
24．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Effect f Auditry Pwer Has Been Lng Neglected
B．Peple Act n Auditry and Visual Infrmatin Equally
C．Effective Recmmendatins Are Better Heard Than Seen
D．Decisin-making Has Little t D With Types f Messages
（22·23·江西·二模）Next time yu’re having truble slving a tricky puzzle, cnsider asking a nearby bumblebee. A new study in the jurnal PLOS Bilgy finds that these humble insects can actually learn t slve puzzles frm ne anther, suggesting that even sme invertebrates(无脊椎动物) have a capacity fr what we humans call “culture.”
“Nbdy’s really thught that invertebrates like bumblebees shw evidence f culture,” says Alice Bridges, an eclgist at Anglia Ruskin University. “Peple assume that they’re mstly driven by inbrn factrs.” Bridges set ut t prve them wrng. T study culture in bumblebees, she first drilled sme bees t slve puzzle bxes. She trained sme bees t head-butt the red switch t get the sugar water and trained thers t push the blue switch. Then, Bridges placed these tutr bees int different clnies, alng with the puzzle bxes.
It wasn’t all fun and games: Bridges gt stung multiple times and the furth sting sent her t the hspital. Bridges persevered, hwever, and the experiment ultimately played itself ut. In clnies where the tutr bee had learned t push the red switch, the ther bees usually pushed the red switch. In clnies where the tutr bee was trained t push the blue switch, their fellw bees tended t d the same. In the cntrl clnies where there were n tutrs, the bees smetimes learned hw t pen the bxes, but never as efficiently r reliably.
The cnclusin, Bridges and her clleagues reprt in their new study tday, is that bumblebees can transmit certain behavirs—culturally. “Maybe culture isn’t that unusual,” she says. “Maybe it’s nt sme pinnacle(顶峰) f cgnitin that nly a few species have.”
“Many f us cnsider urselves special because we have culture and we can learn,” says Jessica Ware, an entmlgist. “The truth is that all we have fund abut animal culture means that human culture, nce thught unique, did nt appear ‘ut f the blue’ but has bviusly built n deep evlutinary(进化的) fundatins.”
25．Hw did the bumblebees get the sugar water frm the puzzle bxes?
A．By pressing a buttn.B．By slving wrd puzzles.
C．By bursting pen the bxes.D．By turning the bxes upside dwn.
26．What can be inferred abut the experiment?
A．It cntradicts the frmer research.B．It shws that culture is unique t humans.
C．It has received wide recgnitin.D．It has brught Bridges much truble.
27．What des the underlined phrase “ut f the blue” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Slwly.B．Suddenly.C．Endlessly.D．Regularly.
28．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Can Insects Have Culture?
B．Can New Culture Be Created?
C．Hw D Bumblebees Tutr Peers?
D．Hw Will Invertebrate Study Be Expanded?
（22·23下·河南·阶段练习）Michael Baker at the University f Trnt and Kevin Milligan at the University f British Clumbia recently analyzed survey data f parents in three cuntries — the United States, Canada and Britain. They were especially interested t see hw parents say they spend time with their children, and they turned up an interesting gender difference in what they called “teaching activities” such as teaching them the alphabet r numbers, reading with the children.
The finding surprised them because at least in a ppular view, parents suppsedly spend mre time with bys than girls. And Baker says that perceptin des tend t hld true fr lder children’s fathers tend t spend mre time with bys nce they are lder than age 4 r 5. When children are smaller, Baker says, parents spend abut the same ttal time with bys as they d with girls.
The ecnmists fcused their analysis n first-brn children in rder t see the difference clearly, fr it wuld muddy the waters t cmpare parents caring fr an nly child with parents caring fr their secnd r third child, Baker says. But they did find that the difference als shws up clearly amng twins (a by and a girl). Here again, the parents surveyed seemed t devte mre time t girls when it came t cgnitive (认知的) activities.
The big questin, f curse, is why these differences cme abut. Milligan says parents may be fllwing cultural cncepts and uncnscius biases (偏见) that suggest they shuld read with their daughters and have active play with sns.
It is als pssible, Baker says, that the csts f investing in cgnitive activities is different when it cmes t bys and girls. As an ecnmist, he isn’t referring t cst in the sense f cash; he means cst in the sense f effrt. “It is just mre cstly t prvide a unit f reading t a by than t a girl because the by desn’t sit still, yu knw, desn’t pay attentin,” he says, “these srts f thing.”
29．What did Baker and Milligan find?
A．Parents spend mre time with girls.
B．Fathers spend mre time with bys.
C．Parents d mre cgnitive activities with girls.
D．Parents are suppsed t read mre with bys.
30．What des the underlined phrase “muddy the waters” in the third paragraph mean?
A．Cause the waters t becme dirty.B．Make things mre cmplex.
C．Waste lts f time and effrts.D．Imprve accuracy f the results.
31．What d paragraphs 4-5 mainly fcus n?
A．Passible reasns fr the differences.
B．Cultural beliefs that parents ften hld.
C．Activities parents have with their children.
D．Different activities with parents between bys and girls.
32．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Bys and Girls Are Quite Different
B．Parents Need t Adpt Different Teaching Methds
C．Girls May Get Mre Teaching Time frm Parents
D．Bys May Require Mre Attentin frm Parents
（22·23下·河南·期中）A sng called Lnely Warrir (《孤勇者》) is always ringing in my ears. Six years ag, after hsting an annual ceremny fr my schl, I fund that my left leg was a little swllen, and very sn I culd barely walk. In fact, the swllen part became a fist-sized meatball that was s painful that I culd barely sleep. Of curse, I went t a lcal hspital, where I was given very bleak (不乐观的) news-stesarcma, which means bne cancer.
I underwent chemtherapy (化疗) fr the next tw years, and it was the wrst time f my life. Physically, I felt that the side effects f chemtherapy were killing me. I lst all f the hair n my bdy and I became ttally bald. I culd barely eat anything, even if felt hungry. I n lnger needed an alarm clck t wake up in the mrning. Instead, what wke me was my bdy telling me that I needed t vmit (呕吐).
I had n idea where all this treatment wuld leave me, and the dreams I had nce nursed abut the future were entirely wiped ut. I wanted t feel the wrld and experience mre, s I stuck t the curse f treatment. As time went by, hwever, I became weaker and weaker. The side effects nw were far wrse than they had been earlier.
I eventually suggested that the leg be chpped ff, and the dctr said that might be the best thing t d, as lng as I culd cpe with the psychlgical and scial pressures afterward. I made my decisin very calmly, because I knew things culd nt be wrse than they were at that mment, and I was determined that this was just ne mre battle I wuld win.
Nw, six years later, I have weathered all these difficulties. I have been s lucky t be able t find the strength t deal with all f this, and what I have t tell anyne still struggling with difficulties is this: have faith in yurself, and d nt let bad mments drag yu dwn. Just hang n and yu will cme thrugh.
33．What can we learn abut the side effects f chemtherapy?
A．They made the authr suffer a lt.
B．They destryed the authr’s faith.
C．They were relieved after treatment.
D．They were mre bvius in the daytime
34．What was the authr’s decisin t deal with his cnditin?
A．Chpping ff his leg.
B．Turning dwn the dctr’s advice.
C．Giving in t the cancer.
D．Seeking psychlgical assistance.
35．What des the underlined wrd“weathered”in the last paragraph mean?
A．resistedB．survivedC．escapedD．prduced
36．What des the authr want t cnvey in the text?
A．A light heart lives lng.
B．A gd medicine tastes bitter.
C．Time wrks wnders.
D．One with faith braves any hardship.
（22·23下·嘉定·二模）Peter and Minke van Wingerden have created smething wild: a herd f cws flating n the sea. The Dutch husband-and-wife team’s experiment n sustainable agriculture, called Flating Farm, can be fund in the prt f Rtterdam. The mdernist structure huses 40 cws, wh cllectively prduce sme 200 gallns f milk a day. In additin t helping nurish (滋养) the lcal cmmunity, the waterbrne farm is playing a part in the glbal cnversatin abut hw the climate crisis is pushing farmers t recnsider hw—and where—they prduce fd.
Flds, extreme heating, drughts and even rising night temperatures have sent the fd system ff balance. The race t utsmart the cnstant attack f extreme weather has made the wrld f farming unrecgnizable frm what it was nly decades ag. A team f scientists in Mexic is develping wheat types that can adapt themselves t different climates, while Jack’s Slar Garden in Lngmnt, Clrad, is a testbed fr the emerging methd f slar farming.
Rtterdam has already established itself as ne f the mst climate-adaptive places in the wrld. Everything frm ffice buildings t entire neighbrhds are built n water in the city, which is 90% belw sea level. The Wingerdens’ Flating Farm was a new but necessary attempt. Shuld a weather crisis arise, a waterbrne farm isn’t necessarily stuck in place. A frmer prperty develper with a backgrund in engineering, Peter fund his inspiratin fr the Flating Farm in a climate disaster in New Yrk City, where Hurricane Sandy prevented the delivery f fresh fd t millins.
The Wingerdens’ mdel is ripe fr reprductin—which is exactly what the Flating Farm’s team f 14 are wrking n nw. Plans are under way fr a flating vegetable farm t mve int the space next t the current Flating Farm. Permit applicatins are als ut fr similar structures in Dubai, Singapre and the Dutch cities f Haarlem and Arnhem.
The new prjects will apply lessns learned frm Flating Farm. “Yu need t build a huse in rder t knw hw t build a huse,” Peter says. The biggest bstacles he sees ahead, hwever, are nt financial r physical, but rather plitical and administrative. “One f the biggest challenges we cme acrss wrldwide is regulatins. Cities need t have disruptivethinking, cities need t have disruptive departments, and cities need t have areas where yu can say: OK, this is the experimental zne.” Because what Peter and his team are pulling ff is f a different rder than the typical sustainability measures. “We are nt innvative,” he says. “We are disruptive.”
37．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the Flating Farm?
A．It is the first mdern farming attempt t fight climate change.
B．It is a mdel f new agriculture in the age f climate crisis.
C．It has utsmarted ther frms f farming like slar farming.
D．It cpies a similar structure in Dubai ready fr reprductin.
38．It can be inferred frm the passage that ___________.
A．90% f the ppulatin in Rtterdam live belw the sea level
B．The New Yrk City is wrking hard t fight climate change
C．The lcal cmmunity will nt be fed withut new farming
D．Waterbrne facilities are necessary t the future f Rtterdam
39．The phrase “disruptive thinking” in the last paragraph means “thinking __________”.
A．in a daring and unusual wayB．in a fcused and lgical way
C．in a careful and detailed wayD．in a rude and unpleasant way
40．Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A．Is Rtterdam Built n Water?
B．Can Flating Farming Survive?
C．Are Cws at Sea the Future f Farming?
D．Is Extreme Weather Affecting Agriculture?
（22·23·重庆·阶段练习）Obsessed with Kim Kardashian? Can’t get enugh f Bennifer getting back tgether? Chances are yu’re an idit——at least accrding t Hungarian researchers.
New research has suggested peple bsessed with Hllywd gssip and A-list celebs might nt be that smart―which will surely be a jarring revelatin fr thse wh lve tablids(八卦小报)magazines.
The study, published in BMC Psychlgy late last year, claims that “there is a direct assciatin between celebrity wrship and prer perfrmance n cgnitive tests” measuring bth literacy and numeracy(计算能力).
The study asked 1,763 Hungarian adults t undertake a 30-wrd vcabulary test and a math test, befre cmpleting a “Celebrity Attitude Scale” questinnaire t determine their levels f interest in famus peple.
Researchers fund that high scres n the Celebrity Attitude Scale crrelated with lwer perfrmance n the tw cgnitive ability tests. Participants were als asked abut their incme, material wealth and levels f educatin in rder t gain the mst detailed picture pssible.
Hwever, the researchers were unable t determine whether celebrity bsessives perfrm prly n cgnitive tests because they used their brainpwer thinking abut A-listers, r whether they were bsessed with Hllywd gssip because they were already less intelligent t begin with.
In ther wrds, it’s unclear whether celebrity wrshiping is a cause r cnsequence f lw cgnitive functin.
“Future studies shuld seek further supprt fr ur suggestin that the cgnitive effrt invested in maintaining the absrptin in a favrite celebrity may interfere with the persn’s perfrmance in tasks that require attentin and ther cgnitive skills,” the researchers tld PsyPst in a recent interview. “Althugh ur research des nt prve that develping a pwerful bsessin with ne’s favrite celebrity causes ne t scre lwer n cgnitive tests, it suggests that it might be wise t carefully mnitr feelings fr them.”
While sme tablid magazine readers may feel persnally attacked by this research, flks n Twitter did nt seem shcked by the findings. “I dn’t think a study was needed t determine this,” wrte ne Twitter user. “What wrries me is that peple wh wrship celebs are nt ging t read this article ever,” anther added.
41．What d the underlined wrds “be a jarring revelatin fr” in the secnd paragraph mean?
A．Cme as a blw t.
B．Serve as an eye-pener fr.
C．Have a negative effect n.
D．Give a gd laugh t.
42．What can we learn abut bsessin with celebrities frm the research?
A．It is a sign f lwer intelligence.
B．It results in pr cgnitive functin.
C．It has t d with levels f educatin.
D．It is assciated with lwer cgnitive ability.
43．What d the researchers recmmend peple t d?
A．Invest mre effrt in attentin-demanding tasks.
B．Avid develping a pwerful celebrity bsessin.
C．Reduce the time spent reading tablid magazines.
D．Seek further supprt t address celebrity wrship.
44．Hw d Twitter users feel abut the research?
A．They feel persnally attacked by it.
B．They are surprised at its findings.
C．They are skeptical abut its result.
D．They cnsider it nt necessary.
（22·23下·浙江·阶段练习）Fr several years, “fly n the wall” was Esther Ruth Mbabazi’s apprach t phtgraphy. Be invisible. Dn’t influence the scene. Then,in 2019, the 28-year-ld Ugandan had an pprtunity t d just the ppsite.
That’s when Mbabazi learned f the Gulu fr Wmen With Disabilities Unin (GUWODU), a prfessinal and scial center in a small city in Uganda’s nrth. There, she partnered with seven wmen n a prtrait series that was a celebratin f individuality and persnal expressin. “I was tired f the images I was seeing ut there, especially here in Uganda, where peple with disabilities are rbbed f their persnalities,” said Mbabazi. “They’re phtgraphed as peple wh can’t d anything. I didn’t want my images t lk like that.”
Over ne year, she made fur trips t Gulu and phtgraphed wmen she met, including a land mine survivr missing a leg, a deaf mther f fur, and a blind musician. They psed in custm dresses, created by a Kampala-based designer, against backdrps (背景幕布) f art and handiwrk they had made. When Mbabazi asked the wmen hw they wanted t be seen, they tld her: as capable, equal, Intelligent. In ther wrds,the dignity that Ugandans with special needs ften are denied.
Jyce Auma, 25, wh uses wheelchair, chse a blue patterned tp and skirt that cntrasted beautifully with the vibrant green and blue backdrp. Anther, Laker Irene Odwar, wh lst her leg in a land mine at age 16, chse a pale blue blazer and a shirt with a smart silk scarf.
On her last trip t Gulu, Mbabazi delivered large, framed cpies f the prtraits t thse wh psed fr them. As Mbabazi explains, “They said, ‘This shws me as I am in my full existence, my full bdy, as I am.’” Mbabazi hpes the phts will be exhibited publicly, t help change hw the wmen are seen, and treated, by thers.
45．The underlined wrds “fly n the wall” in the first paragraph means a phtgrapher wh .
A．takes phts withut being nticed
B．takes phts with careful arrangements
C．makes a great difference with phts
D．uses advanced technlgy in phtgraphing
46．What d the mdels Mbabazi chse have in cmmn?
A．They are gd at making dresses.
B．They are eager t becme famus.
C．They are disabled t sme degree.
D．They are int bright,vibrant clr.
47．Which f the fllwing can best describe Mbabazi’s phtgraphs?
A．Dull and cnventinal.
B．Distinctive and expressive.
C．Dreamlike and attractive.
D．Unrealistic and creative.
48．We can infer that the purpse f Mbabazi’s phtgraphs is t.
A．celebrate the individuality f Uganda wmen
B．shw the real life f wmen with disabilities
C．display the beauty f wmen in custm dresses
D．challenge the way the wrld sees disabled wmen
（23·24上·沧州·阶段练习）Magnetic fields are prmising t be a useful tl in the hunt fr human settlements that have been lst t the sea ff the cast f the UK. An upcming prject is set t use magnetmetry (磁力测定) data t seek Dggerland, the flded land that cnnected Britain t mainland Eurpe until the end f the Ice Age, but there’s hpe that this technique culd be used t find lng-lst civilizatins all ver the wrld.
The study cmes frm the University f Bradfrd in the UK. Their plan is t clsely lk at magnetmetry data gathered frm a prtin f the Nrth Sea and attempt t identify any strange anmalies (异常) that culd suggest the presence f archaelgical structures.
The team is especially keen t use these techniques t lk fr traces f human activities beneath the Nrth Sea since it’s thught t have been hme t sme f the largest prehistric settlements in Eurpe. Befre it was flded ver 8,000 years ag. Dggerland was a rich and diverse habitat that likely attracted prehistric humans and thers. Despite its ptential that lays beneath the Nrth Sea, we knw relatively little abut the culture that nce was develped here.
“As the area we are studying used t be abve sea level, there’s a small chance this analysis culd even reveal evidence fr hunter-gatherer activity. That wuld be the mst imprtant part.” Ben Urmstn, PhD student at the University f Bradfrd, said in a statement. “We might als discver the presence f middens, which are rubbish dumps that cnsist f animal bnes, shells and ther bilgical material. that can tell us a lt abut hw peple lived.”
Remarkably little f the wrld’s ceans have been explred, let alne fr the purpses f archaelgy. Nevertheless, advances in technlgy are cntinuing t shw that the castlines are hiding cuntless traces f ancient human activities, even evidence f lng-lst civilizatins.
Thanks t prjects like the ne at the University f Bradfrd, as well as many thers, the future f marine archaelgy is lking prmising. Nevertheless, we have t be patient. Just dn’t expect t stumble acrss the sunken city f Atlantis anytime sn.
49．Why is magnetmetry data used in this prject?
A．T trace the ice mvement.B．T measure Dggerland.
C．T find a lst ancient land.D．T explre the histry f Britain.
50．What d we knw abut Dggerland ver 8,000 years ag?
A．Its civilizatin is little knwn t us.B．It was a place that was ften flded.
C．It was a deserted island with few peple.D．Its lcatin has nt yet been cnfirmed.
51．What is Ben Urmstn’s attitude tward this analysis?
A．Uncaring.B．Subjective.C．Shcked.D．Favurable.
52．What d the underlined wrds ”stumble acrss“in the last paragraph mean?
A．Display.B．Assess.C．Restre.D．Discver.
（23·24上·达州·阶段练习）Electrnic timing is lder than mst peple imagine and was used fr the first time mre than a hundred years ag at the 1912 Stckhlm Olympics. Initially, the well-knwn cmpany Ericssn was tasked with develping the technlgy, but it was the Swedish inventr Ragnar Carlstedt wh eventually created the final prduct.
At the same time, Carlstedt intrduced anther inventin: the finish line camera. The 1, 500-meter Olympic final was extremely clse with Arnld Jacksn frm Great Britain winning by nly 0.1 secnds. But it was impssible t decide n the silver medal since the tw Americans Abel Kiviat and Nrman Taber finished side by side. Fr the first time in histry, the utcme f an Olympic event had t be settled based n a pht finish when Kiviat was judged t be “slightly ahead”.
The significance f these tw inventins led a majr newspaper t write: “Electrnic timing at the Olympic Games. Simultaneus (同时发生的) timing and phtgraphy f cntestants. A brilliant idea!”
The next step in timekeeping was the pht-finish camera with a time stamp imprinted n each picture, which was intrduced at the 1932 Olympics in Ls Angeles. The 1948 Olympics saw the intrductin f anther inventin with the cntinuus slit camera (狭缝摄影机), where a film behind a narrw slit rlls (滚动) with the same speed as the runners. Fur years later the clcks were cnnected t the slit camera giving a slutin f 1/100 s. But it was nt until 1972 that fficial times were recrded t the 100th f a secnd.
The next big step in the eighties was t make the camera digital t speed up the feedback (反馈). But the idea behind the slit camera was kept and is still the basis f all timing systems fr athletics used tday. The nly difference is that nw there is a very narrw sensr array ( 阵列传感器) instead f the mving film.
After a century technlgy has reached the pint where the whle timing system can be stred in a smartphne. S in a way, the circle was clsed when SprintTimer, a sprts timer and pht finish app, was develped in the same place and precisely a hundred years after Ragnar Carlstedt.
53．What d we knw abut electrnic timing?
A．It was created in recent years.
B．It was first intrduced at the Olympics.
C．It was develped by the well-knwn cmpany Ericssn.
D．It was perfected by the Swedish inventr Ragnar Carlstedt.
54．What des paragraph 2 fcus n?
A．The increasing need fr a finish line camera.
B．The excellent perfrmance f Arnld Jacksn.
C．The significant rle f Carlstedt's anther inventin.
D．The intense cmpetitin f the 1,500-meter Olympic final.
55．Hw was the digital camera in the eighties different frm the slit camera?
A．It avided the use f a mving film.
B．It rlled with the same speed as the runners.
C．It made a 100th-f-a-secnd recrd pssible.
D．It adpted a new idea fr all timing systems used tday.
56．What des the underlined part “the circle was clsed” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Further imprvement was discntinued.
B．The prblem was back t the rigin.
C．A new inventin was created.
D．The issue was reslved.