【期中真题】江苏省南京市金陵中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题.zip

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金陵中学2022-2023学年高一上期中试卷
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分375分)
A
There is a kind of woman in the world who has the ability to accomplish the difficult challenges of their own life and to inspire others to achieve great things. They’re strong and independent, wise and successful, talented and brave, and can teach all of us a lot.
Still Alice

In this film, we can catch a glimpse of a family’s relationships, fears, concerns and struggles. The film’s main character Alice, aged 50, copes bravely with Alzheimer’s disease: she’s the perfect example of an iron-willed woman.
Julianne Moore’s amazing performance adds extra charm to this character.
Erin Brockovich

The film is about Erin Brockovich, a strong yet easily-hurt woman, but ordinary weakness is not allowed in her situation. She may not be a genius, but her persistence and concern for others allow her to achieve the impossible: a victory over a powerful and major corporation that is literally poisoning people.
When you are about to give up on something, simply watch this movie for motivation.
The Devil Wears Prada

As assistant to impossibly demanding New York fashion magazine editor Miranda Priestly, young Andy Sachs has landed a job that “a million girls would die for.” Unfortunately, her heaven-sent appointment as Miranda’s assistant just might be the death of her!
There’s a very classic line in the film: Let me know when your whole life goes up in smoke. That means it’s time for a promotion.
Mona Lisa Smile

This movie teaches you about dignity, courage and persistence, and the central theme is learning to have a mind of your own.
Katherine Watson is a recent UCLA graduate hired to teach art history at the all-female Wellesley College, in 1953. Determined to face up to the outdated customs of society, Katherine inspires her traditional students to challenge the lives they are expected to lead.
1. Which film would you recommend to your grandmother if she were seriously ill?
A. Erin Brockovich. B. Still Alice. C. Mona Lisa Smile. D. The Devil Wears Prada.
2. What does the film Erin Brockovich convey?
A. Never ever compromise. B. Many hands make light work.
C. Cross the bridge when you come to it. D. Don’t put the cart before the horse.
3. What do the four films have in common?
A. Winning a number of film awards. B. Singing high praise for great women.
C. Naming all these films after women. D. Fighting for women’s social status.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四部歌颂伟大女性的电影。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Still Alice中“The film’s main character Alice, aged 50, copes bravely with Alzheimer’s disease: she’s the perfect example of an iron-willed woman.”（这部电影主角爱丽丝，50岁，勇敢地应对阿尔茨海默氏症：她是一个意志坚强女人的完美例子。）可知，如果你的祖母病得很重，你会推荐她看Still Alice这部电影。故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Erin Brockovich中“The film is about Erin Brockovich, a strong yet easily-hurt woman, but ordinary weakness is not allowed in her situation. She may not be a genius, but her persistence and concern for others allow her to achieve the impossible: a victory over a powerful and major corporation that is literally poisoning people.”（这部电影讲述的是艾琳·布罗科维奇，一个坚强但容易受伤的女人，但在她的情况下，普通的软弱是不允许的。她可能不是一个天才，但她的坚持和对他人的关心让她实现了不可能的目标：战胜一家强大的大公司，这家公司实际上是在毒害人们。）和“When you are about to give up on something, simply watch this movie for motivation.”（当你打算放弃某件事时，只要看这部电影就可以获得动力。）可知，电影Erin Brockovich讲述了艾琳·布罗科维奇在任何情况下都不妥协的故事，传达了永远不要妥协的精神。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“There is a kind of woman in the world who has the ability to accomplish the difficult challenges of their own life and to inspire others to achieve great things. They’re strong and independent, wise and successful, talented and brave, and can teach all of us a lot.”（世界上有这样一种女人，她有能力完成自己生活中的困难挑战，并激励他人成就伟大的事业。她们强壮而独立，聪明而成功，才华横溢而勇敢，可以教会我们很多。）可知，文章介绍的四部电影都在歌颂伟大的女性。故选B项。
B
Growing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas(公式) and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was “slow”. But my problem wasn't with math itself. In fact, when a topic seemed particularly interesting, I would go to the library and read more about it.
By high school, no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.
The chances of that happening were very low. But that didn’t stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. In the end, a Big Ten school, Penn State, did offer me a scholarship.
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches. Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback(反馈).
Until I got to college, I didn't really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious(耗时费力的) calculations. Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasn't easy, but it was fascinating. My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept pursuing them, even though I couldn’t always solve them immediately. The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. Instead, it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy. It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity. I am now a Ph. D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
4. Why did the writer think math class in school was “something to be endured” before entering college?
A. Because he wasn’t interested in math.
B. Because his math teachers didn't care to push him.
C. Because he was too smart and talented for math class.
D. Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship.
5. According to the writer, students are affected by the following things from teachers or coaches EXCEPT ________.
A. a sense of purpose B. constant feedback
C. passion D. specific instructions
6. We can conclude that after entering college, the writer ________.
A. was busy looking for math problems to solve
B. studied on his own just as he was in high school
C. met with laborious calculations in his studies
D. began to realize what mathematics really is
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Interest is the best teacher
B. Be the best—you can make it
C. Math, taught like football
D. Once your teacher, always your teacher
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者上大学前一直以为数学课是要忍受的，而不是享受的。后来在足球教练的鼓励下，作者进入一所排名前十的大学。作者希望数学老师也能像足球教练一样常鼓励他，推动他努力。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。在文章第三段中提到“But that didn’t stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it.”，作者的足球教练们总是鼓励作者相信自己能实现目标，并且推动作者为之努力；第四段中提到“I wish math teachers were more like football coaches.”作者希望数学老师要像足球教练一样（能鼓励他，推动他努力）。因此可以推断，在上大学前，作者认为“数学课是要忍受的，而不是享受的”是因为他觉得数学老师没有像足球教练一样很注意鼓励他。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback(反馈). （学生还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出回应，他们还会寻求一种使目标感。他们还受益于老师明确的指示和持续的反馈。）”可知，老师的热情、明确的指示和持续的反馈都会影响到学生。根据句中“they seek a sense of purpose.”可知，目标感是学生自己追求的，不是老师对他们的影响。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Until I got to college, I didn't really know what mathematics was.”和下文的 “The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. …It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity.（它给了我同样的惊奇感和好奇心，并且它回报我以创造力。）”可以得出结论，直到上了大学，作者觉得数学研究与在高中课堂上的数学几乎没有什么共同之处，作者才真正意识到数学是什么。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。作者上大学前一直以为上数学课很乏味，觉得就是为了考试分数。到了高中，在足球教练的经常鼓励下，作者进入一所排名前十的大学。文章第四段中提到“I wish math teachers were more like football coaches.”，作者希望数学老师能像足球教练那样多鼓励他，推动他努力。因为影响学生学习的除了教学之外，还有老师的热情。因此文章的标题应该为“像教足球一样教数学”。故选C项。
C
As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety this past year, many turned to their favorite comfort foods: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. Instead, whole foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.
Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise, sound sleep, a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation (发炎) and have benefits for the brain. Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical professor at the Columbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favorite foods, and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets, such as plants, seafood.
Dr. Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. “Lots of people get their food exactly right, live very active lives, and still have significant troubles with their mental health,” he said. But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. “We can’t control our genes,” he said. “But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.”
8. What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on?
A. How our diets affect our mental health. B. How our diets affect our physical health.
C. How our mental health affects our diets. D. How our physical health affects our diets.
9. Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients?
A. They try to cater to their patients’ needs.
B. They are questioning public health experts.
C. They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.
D They have accepted the findings of large population studies.
10. Which of the following might Dr. Ramsey agree with?
A. Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.
B. People can control their genes as well as how they eat.
C. People living active lives will not have mental problems.
D. Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.
B. The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.
C. Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.
D. Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. (然而，从历史上看，营养研究主要关注我们所吃的食物如何影响我们的身体健康，而不是我们的心理健康)”可知，以前的营养研究主要关注我们的饮食如何影响我们的身体健康。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group. (多年来，大量的人口研究发现，与对照组相比，被指定遵循地中海饮食法三个月的人在三个月后抑郁症状的减轻程度更大)”可知，大量人口研究结果显示，遵循地中海饮食法的人会减轻病症，所以个别临床医生要求将营养纳入他们对患者的工作是因为他们接受了大量人口研究的结果。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis. (但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康)”可知，拉姆齐博士认为控制饮食方式可以让人们采取行动照顾自己的大脑健康，所以他同意饮食和心理健康之间存在某种联系。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. (但是最近几年的研究表明，当我们感到压力或抑郁时，高糖和高脂肪的食物虽然看起来很舒服，但对我们的心理健康最不可能有好处)”以及最后一段“But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis. (但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康)”可知，文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。故选C项。
D
Back in Brisbane, Australia, for the Christmas break, I found myself in a public transport dead zone. Bikeless, 7 kilometers from where I was meeting friends and unwilling to get a taxi, I decided to borrow an electric scooter. The trip took far longer than it would have by bike, mainly because of a major spill halfway there. A rock, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees of a primary schooler.
E-scooters have appeared in Brisbane like a rash. In the UK, they are legal only on private land, but the Department for Transport is discussing how to regulate them on public roads and pathways, with the potential for legalisation later this year.
Other cities that have e-scooter rental programs have had teething problems. In Paris, mayor Anne Hidalgo described the situation last year as messy. She has announced that the city is reducing its number of e-scooters to 15,000 and plans to create laws banning them from pavements (人行道). France has put into force laws limiting e-scooter speeds to 25 kilometres per hour.
Similar to dockless (无桩的) hire bicycles, e-scooters are parked on pavements and people leave them up trees or throw them into rivers. Rough handling shortens their lifetime, which is bad for both profitability and the environment. Analysis suggests that the average e-scooter’s lifetime is just three months.
I think e-scooters are an essential part of the effort to make city transport greener. They are seen as a solution to the “last mile” problem — a potential way to reduce transport jam by rapidly getting someone to their final destination. Cars can take up 28 times the space of a person riding a bicycle.
As far as the environmental effect goes, recent research suggests that e-scooters are not as green as walking or cycling, but they are still better than cars. And despite numerous reports of serious accidents, scooting is about as safe as cycling.
Stephen Gossling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free “micromobility” streets, where cyclists, pedestrians (行人) and e-scooters could share the road. He thinks this will reduce accident risks and invite more vulnerable (易受伤害的) traffic participants, such as children, to become active transport users.
If more e-scooters mean fewer cars on roads, an improvement in local air quality is also a likely outcome. When 20 kilometers of roads in central London closed for World Car-Free Day last September, a temporary air quality monitor in Regent Street reportedly registered a 60% drop in nitrogen dioxide.
12. What does the underlined part “a major spill” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. A serious fall. B. A sudden illness.
C. A legal defense. D. A terrible breakdown.
13. What do we know about e-scooters in Paris?
A. They are illegal on pavements. B. They are already out of fashion.
C. They are facing more restrictions. D. They are more common on private land.
14. What is the author’s opinion of e-scooters?
A. They are not as safe as cycling.
B. They stand up to rough handling.
C. They are as green as cycling or walking.
D. They play a big role in the “last mile” problem.
15. What is Stephen Gossling’s suggestion?
A. To set up more care-free days.
B. To invite more cyclists to use e-scooters.
C. To get vulnerable pedestrians off the road.
D. To separate cars from e-scooters on the road.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述的是一些城市出现电动摩托车后出现的一些问题，但是作者认为电动摩托车是城市交通绿化的重要组成部分。更多的电动滑板车意味着道路上汽车的减少，那么当地的空气质量可能也会得到改善。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“A rock, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees of a primary schooler.”可知，一块石头被高速撞击是一件可怕的事情：几周后，我的膝盖仍然是一个小学生的红膝盖。说明作者在骑电动摩托车时半路上摔的很严重。由此推知，划线词组意为“严重摔伤”。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In Paris, mayor Anne Hidalgo described the situation last year as messy. She has announced that the city is reducing its number of e-scooters to 15,000 and plans to create laws banning them from pavements (人行道). France has put into force laws limiting e-scooter speeds to 25 kilometres per hour.”可知，巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈称去年的情况很糟糕。她宣布，该市将把电动滑板车的数量减少到1.5万辆，并计划制定法律禁止它们在人行道上行驶。法国已实施法律，将电动摩托车的时速限制在25公里。由此可知，法国的电动车正面临着更多的限制。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“I think e-scooters are an essential part of the effort to make city transport greener. They are seen as a solution to the “last mile” problem — a potential way to reduce transport jam by rapidly getting someone to their final destination.”可知，我认为电动车是使城市交通更加环保的重要组成部分。他们被视为“最后一英里”问题的解决方案——一种通过快速将人送到最终目的地来减少交通堵塞的潜在方式。由此可知，电动摩托车在“最后一英里”问题的解决上起到很大的作用。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Stephen Gossling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free “micro mobility” streets, where cyclists, pedestrians (行人) and e-scooters could share the road.”可知，瑞典隆德大学的Stephen Gossling建议我们建造无汽车的“微移动”街道，让骑自行车的人、行人和电动摩托车共享道路。由此可知，Stephen Gossling的建议会把路上的汽车和电动摩托车分开。故选D。
第二节(共5小题, 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
Not long ago, no one understood that infectious diseases were caused by tiny organisms that moved from person to person. Even now, although we know that tiny living microbes cause disease, how they do so is not always obvious. ___16___ They can also be transmitted through our skin through insect or animal bites. The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens （病菌）from entering the body.
The first line of defense is to keep germs at bay by following good personal health habits. Wash your hands well. You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom, before preparing or eating food, and after gardening or other dirty tasks. ____17____ Wet your hands thoroughly. Lather（泡沫）up with soap or cleanser, and rub it into the palms and backs of your hands and your wrists. Be sure to clean your fingertips, under your nails and between your fingers. Wash under running water. ___18___
Whether you are young or young at heart, getting vaccinated（接种疫苗）is an essential part of staying healthy. ___19___ such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever, they are generally safe and effective. Vaccinations are essential if you are to avoid getting sick. In general, children should receive the recommended childhood vaccinations. Adults should make sure their vaccinations are up to date. When traveling abroad, check with your health care provider about additional immunizations（免疫）.
___20___ Stay clear of wild animals. Many wild animals, including bats, foxes and coyotes, can spread the virus to humans by biting. Keep your pets away from wild animals, too. Dogs, cats or any other type of warm-blooded animal can pick up the virus and pass the virus along to people.
A. Dry your hands and wrists thoroughly.
B. Use animal control to prevent infections.
C. While vaccines may cause some common side effects,
D. Although vaccines can not prevent some rare diseases,
E. Other wild animals can not transmit the virus and other infections.
F. We do know that most microbes enter through openings in the body.
G. You should also wash up after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了传染病传染的原因及防治方法。
【16题详解】
结合后文The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens （病菌）from entering the body.防止感染的最好方法是阻止病原体进入人体。F. We do know that most microbes enter through openings in the body. 我们知道大多数微生物确实是通过身体的入口进入的。解释后文防止感染最好的方法是阻止病原体进入人体，因为大多数病原体通过身体入口进入，导致人体感染。故选F项。
【17题详解】
结合前文Wash your hands well. You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom, before preparing or eating food, and after gardening or other dirty tasks. 你可能在上完厕所后，准备食物或吃食物之前，以及在做园艺或其他脏活之后洗手。G. You should also wash up after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing. 你还应该在擦鼻涕、咳嗽或打喷嚏后洗手。与前文需要洗手的情境为并列关系。故选G项。
【18题详解】
结合前文Wet your hands thoroughly. Lather（泡沫）up with soap or cleanser, and rub it into the palms and backs of your hands and your wrists. Be sure to clean your fingertips, under your nails and between your fingers. Wash under running water. 把你的手彻底弄湿。用肥皂或清洁剂打起泡沫，然后擦到手掌、手背和手腕上。一定要清洁你的指尖，指甲下面和手指之间。用自来水冲洗。前文为洗手的步骤，洗手的最后需要擦手。A. Dry your hands and wrists thoroughly. 彻底擦干你的手和手腕。符合此处语境。故选A项。
【19题详解】
结合后文Such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever, they are generally safe and effective. 如手臂暂时酸痛或低烧，一般是安全的，在发挥作用。可知，疫苗会引起手臂酸痛或低烧等症状。C. While vaccines may cause some common side effects, 虽然疫苗可能会引起一些常见的副作用。符合此处语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】
结合后文Many wild animals, including bats, foxes and coyotes, can spread the virus to humans by biting. 许多野生动物，包括蝙蝠、狐狸和郊狼，可以通过咬人将病毒传播给人类。可知动物会传播疾病，防止感染需要管控动物。B. Use animal control to prevent infections. 使用管控动物的方法来防止感染。故选B项。
第三部分 完形填空(共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分)
Whenever Michael Carl, the fashion market director at Vanity Fair, goes out to dinner with friends, he plays something called the “phone stack” game: Everyone___21___their phones in the middle of the table; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives___22___for dinner.
Brandon Holley, the former editor of Lucky magazine, had trouble ___23___ her mobile phone when she got home from work. So about six months ago, she ___24___ putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in. It remains there until after dinner. And Mare Jacobs, the fashion designer, didn’t ___25___ to sleep close to a noisy phone. So he ___26___ digital devices from his bedroom—a house rule he ___27___ with audiences during a recent screening of Disconnect, a film that shows how technology has alienated (使疏远) people from one another.
As smart phones ___28___ to make their way into our lives, and wearable devices like Google Glass ___29___ to destroy our personal space even further, users are carving out their own device-free zones. Whether it’s a physical barrier (no ipads at the dinner table) or a conceptual one (turn off devices by 11 p.m.), users say these disconnecting ___30___ are improving their relationships - and ___31___ their brains.
“Disconnecting is something that we all ___32___,” said Lesley M. M. Blume, a New York writer who keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home. “The expectation that we must always be ___33___ to employers, colleagues and family creates a real problem in trying to ___34___ private time. But that private time is more important than ever.”
A popular method for disconnecting is to choose a box for your cellphone, like the milk tin that Ms. Holley uses. “___35___ my phone is buzzing or lighting up, it’s still a distraction, so it ___36___ in the box.” said Ms. Holley. Others choose new ___37___. “No screens after 11 p.m.” said Ari. Melber, a TV host. “Now evenings are more ___38___ and I am sleeping better.” he added.
Sleep is a big factor, which is why some ___39___ to leave their phones out of their bedrooms. “I don’t want to sleep next to something full of photos and emails.” said Peter Som, a fashion designer, who keeps his phone charging in the living room overnight. “It ___40___ is a head­clearer and distinguishes daytime and sleep time.”
21. A. piles B. allocates C. arranges D. places
22. A. pays B. waits C. prepares D. reaches
23. A. examining B. missing C. ignoring D. finding
24. A. stopped B. began C. forgot D. suggested
25. A. hate B. expect C. want D. refuse
26. A. banned B. lost C. collected D. adjusted
27. A. talked B. agreed C. shared D. provided
28. A. intend B. continue C. choose D. happen
29. A. defend B. threaten C. improve D. occupy
30. A. techniques B. performances C. manners D. achievements
31. A. yet B. ever C. just D. even
32. A. learn B. consider C. need D. accept
33. A. dependable B. appealing C. convenient D. available
34. A. figure out B. set aside C. save up D. take up
35. A. If B. Unless C. Until D. Although
36. A. acts B. files C. goes D. plays
37. A. games B. orders C. steps D. rules
38. A. relaxing B. urgent C. flexible D. upsetting
39. A. admit B. prefer C. refuse D. permit
40 A. finally B. rarely C. definitely D. originally
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几位名人利用各种策略来减少手机的使用，以便于给自己留出更多的个人时间。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都把手机放在桌子中间；谁在结账前看了一下自己的设备，谁就付帐。A. piles堆积；B. allocates分配；C. arranges安排；D. places放置。根据前文“phone stack”可知，每个人在吃饭的时候都把手机放在桌子中央。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都把手机放在桌子中间；谁在结账前看了一下自己的设备，谁就付帐。A. pays支付；B. waits等待；C. prepares准备；D. reaches到达。由“for dinner”可知，此处表示“付账”，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：《幸运》杂志的前编辑布兰登·霍利在她下班回家时，很难忽视她的手机。A. examining检查；B. missing错过；C. ignoring忽视；D. finding发现。根据下文“So about six months ago, she ___4___ putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in”可知，她回到家后很难忽视手机，所以采取了一定的措施。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以大约六个月前，她一走进来就开始把手机放进牛奶罐里。A. stopped停止；B. began开始；C. forgot忘记；D. suggested建议。根据下文“It remains there until after dinner”可知，她开始把手机放在一个牛奶罐里。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：时装设计师Mare Jacobs不想睡在嘈杂的手机旁。A. hate讨厌；B. expect期望；C. want想要；D. refuse拒绝。根据下文“So he __6___ digital devices from his bedroom”可知，他不想靠近手机睡觉。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他在卧室里禁止使用电子设备——这是他在最近放映《断线》时与观众分享的一条家规，这部电影展示了科技如何让人们彼此疏远。A. banned禁止；B. lost失去；C. collected选择；D. adjusted调整。根据上文“And Mare Jacobs, the fashion designer, didn’t __5___ to sleep close to a noisy phone”可知，他不想靠近手机睡觉，因此他禁止电子设备进卧室。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他在卧室里禁止使用电子设备——这是他在最近放映《断线》时与观众分享的一条家规，这部电影展示了科技如何让人们彼此疏远。A. talked交谈；B. agreed同意；C. shared分享；D. provided提供。根据下文“a film that shows how technology has alienated people from one another”可推断电影《断线》讲述科技是如何使人们更疏远的，因此推断观看这部电影的观众们跟他共享同样的家规，此处是share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某物”，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机不断进入我们的生活，像谷歌Glass这样的可穿戴设备可能会进一步破坏我们的个人空间，用户正在开辟自己的无设备区。A. intend打算；B. continue继续；C. choose选择；D. happen发生。根据下文“to make their way into our lives”可知，此处指智能手机不断进入我们的生活。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机不断进入我们的生活，像谷歌Glass这样的可穿戴设备可能会进一步破坏我们的个人空间，用户正在开辟自己的无设备区。A. defend保卫；B. threaten威胁；C. improve提高；D. occupy占用。根据下文“to destroy our personal space even further”可知，这些设备威胁我们的个人空间，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是物理上的障碍（餐桌上不能用iPad），还是概念上的障碍（晚上11点前关掉设备），用户们都表示，这些隔离方法正在改善他们的人际关系——甚至他们的大脑。A. techniques技巧，方法；B. performances表演；C. manners礼貌；D. achievements成就。根据上文“no ipads at the dinner table”和“turn off devices by 11 p.m.”可知，餐桌上不用iPad还有晚上11点切断设备都是帮助人减少手机使用的方法。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论是物理上的障碍（餐桌上不能用iPad），还是概念上的障碍（晚上11点前关掉设备），用户们都表示，这些隔离方法正在改善他们的人际关系——甚至他们的大脑。A. yet仍然，还；B. ever曾经；C. just只是；D. even甚至。根据上文“improving their relationships”和下文“their brains”可知，这些隔离方法正在改善他们的人际关系——甚至他们的大脑，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“切断联系是我们所有人都需要的，”纽约作家Lesley M. M. Blume说。A. learn学；B. consider考虑；C. need需要；D. accept接收。根据下文“a New York writer who keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home”可知，她认为切断联系是我们所需要的。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们必须随时与雇主、同事和家人在一起，这种想法给我们挤出私人时间带来了实际问题。A. dependable可靠的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. convenient方便的；D. available可获得的。根据下文“employers, colleagues and family creates a real problem”可知，我们手机不离身就是因为需要随时回复老板、同事和家人的信息，随时待命。此处用available表示随时能够被找到，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们必须随时与雇主、同事和家人在一起，这种想法给我们挤出私人时间带来了实际问题。A. figure out想出；B. set aside留出；C. save up节约；D. take up占据。根据下文“But that private time is more important than ever”可知，我们必须随时与雇主、同事和家人在一起，这种想法给我们挤出私人时间带来了实际问题，空格处意为“留出”，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查连接词义辨析。句意：“如果我的手机嗡嗡作响或亮起，它还是会分散我的注意力，所以我把它放进了盒子里。”霍利女士说。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Until直到；D. Although虽然。根据下文“it’s still a distraction”可知，如果手机屏幕亮起，这依然是让人分心的事，空格处是“如果”。故选A。
36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我的手机嗡嗡作响或亮起，它还是会分散我的注意力，所以我把它放进了盒子里。”霍利女士说。A. acts表现；B. files归档，存档；C. goes去；D. plays玩儿。根据上文“it’s still a distraction”可知，因为让她分心，所以她把手机放进盒子里，空格处意为“去”。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人选择新的规则。A. games比赛；B. orders命令；C. steps步骤；D. rules规则。根据下文内容“No screens after 11 p.m.”可知其他人设定了其他的规则来远离手机。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“现在晚上更放松了，我睡得更好了。”他补充道。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. urgent紧急的；C. flexible灵活的；D. upsetting令人苦恼的。根据下文“I am sleeping better.”可知，现在晚上很放松。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：睡眠是一个重要因素，这就是为什么有些人喜欢把手机放在卧室外面。A. admit承认；B. prefer更喜欢；C. refuse拒绝；D. permit允许。根据上文“Sleep is a big factor”可知，人们更喜欢把手机放在卧室外，以减少使用手机。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它绝对能让人清醒，区分白天和睡眠时间。A. finally最后；B. rarely罕见地；C. definitely绝对地；D. originally最初。根据下文“and distinguishes daytime and sleep time”可知，此处表示“它绝对能让人清醒，区分白天和睡眠时间”，空格处意为“绝对地”，故选C。
第四部分 语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
语法填空
At last year’s Singles’ Day shopping spree (狂欢), domestic brands____41____ (fill) up the shopping cart of Wang Xinyi, ____42____ university student from Southwest China’s Chongqing.
“Most of us choose domestic products owing to the fact ____43____ they are cost-effective and high in quality” said Wang, ___44___ bought daily necessities, clothes and digital products made by local brands during last week’s shopping festival.
Wang said many young Chinese ___45___ (increase) chose domestic brands, ____46____ (add) that this trend could not only satisfy consumers’ needs but incorporate (融入) traditional Chinese culture into the products.
Nearly 70% of post-90s and around 80% of post-00s generations prefer to buy domestic brands. Young consumers have ____47____ (strong) confidence and a higher sense of national identity than those of other groups. Overall, Chinese people’s interest in domestic products increased by 528 percent ___48___ (compare) with 10 years ago.
The ____49____ (improve) in quality and branding have helped promote domestic products. Besides, domestic brands have become popular among young consumers due to their ____50____ (innovate) use of traditional Chinese elements and culture.
【答案】41. filled
42. a 43. that
44. who 45. increasingly
46. adding 47. stronger
48. compared
49. improvements
50. innovative
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要讲的是越来越多的人买国内产品，因为国内产品价格合适，并且质量好。买国内产品不仅能满足消费者的需求，并能将中国文化融入到产品中。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在去年的双十一购物狂欢中，国内品牌塞满了Wang Xinyi的购物车，Wang Xinyi是来自中国西南部重庆的一名大学生。根据句子分析可知，domestic brands为主语，此空为谓语动词，时间状语为“At last year’s Singles’ Day shopping spree”，为过去的时间，故用一般过去时，空格处是过去式，故填filled。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：句意：在去年的双十一购物狂欢中，国内品牌塞满了Wang Xinyi的购物车，Wang Xinyi是来自中国西南部重庆的一名大学生。根据句子分析可知，student为可数名词，且此处表泛指“一个学生”，university的音素是以辅音开头，故用冠词a，故填a。
【43题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：“我们大多数人选择国货是因为它们性价比高，质量好”，Wang Xinyi说，他在上周的购物节期间购买了当地品牌的日用品、衣服和数码产品。根据句子分析可知，抽象名词the fact后跟同位语从句，进一步解释说明the fact的具体内容，从句不缺成分，意思完整，故用that引导，故填that。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“我们大多数人选择国货是因为它们性价比高，质量好”，Wang Xinyi说，他在上周的购物节期间购买了当地品牌的日用品、衣服和数码产品。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Wang是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：Wang Xinyi说，许多中国年轻人越来越多地选择国产品牌，并补充说这一趋势不仅能满足消费者的需求，还能将中国传统文化融入到产品中。根据句子分析可知，many young Chinese做主语，chose为谓语动词，故此空用副词increasingly作状语修饰动词chose，故填increasingly。
【46题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：Wang Xinyi说，许多中国年轻人越来越多地选择国产品牌，并补充说这一趋势不仅能满足消费者的需求，还能将中国传统文化融入到产品中。根据句子分析可知，非谓语动词add与Wang之间为主动关系，故用现在分词做状语，表主动，故填adding。
【47题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：年轻顾客比其他人对国内产品有更强的信心，并且有高的国家认同感。根据空后的“and a higher sense”可知，and连接前后相同的比较级，故此空也应用形容词比较级，故填stronger。
【48题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：总的来说，与十年前相比，中国人对国内品牌的兴趣增加了528%。根据句子分析可知，空处需填非谓语动词，Chinese people’s interest和compare为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式表被动。故填compared。
【49题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：质量的提高以及品牌化促进了国内产品的发展。空格处应用名词improvement作主语，由后面的have可知，空格处用复数，故填improvements。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此外，国产品牌因其对中国传统元素和文化的创新运用而受到年轻消费者的欢迎。根据空后的名词use可知，此空应填形容词innovative作定语修饰名词，innovative意为“创新的”，故填innovative。
第五部分 词汇填空(共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分)
51. On account of this new way to study, I could __________ (灵活地) put what we’ve learnt into practice.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】flexibly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：由于这种新的学习方法，我可以灵活地把我们所学到的知识应用到实践中。空格处用副词作状语修饰动词put，“灵活地”的副词是flexibly，故填flexibly。
52. You owed him an a__________ for what you said at the meeting. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】apology##pology
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你应该为你在会上说的话向他道歉。根据句意和首字母提示，应填apology“道歉”作宾语，由不定冠词修饰用单数，故填apology。
53. __________ (amaze), they worked out how to solve this problem successfully. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Amazingly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们成功地解决了这个问题。空格处用副词amazingly作状语，修饰整句话，amazingly意为“令人惊讶的是”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Amazingly。
54. It is __________ (不负责任的) of those parents not to educate their kids to behave well in public. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】irresponsible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：那些父母不教育他们的孩子在公共场合要举止得体是不负责任的。空格处用形容词作表语，“不负责任的”是irresponsible，故填irresponsible。
55. If you visit UK, Buckingham Palace will be a major tourist a__________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】attraction##ttraction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你去英国旅游，白金汉宫将是重要的旅游胜地。根据句意和首字母提示，应填attraction“有吸引力的地方”符合句意，作表语，由不定冠词修饰用单数，故填attraction。
56. There are strong __________ (论据, 论点) for and against online shopping. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】arguments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：支持和反对网上购物的争论都很激烈。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语。根据汉语提示，表示“论据，论点”用argument，结合谓语动词“are”可知，此处为复数意义。故填arguments。
57. Nobody is more c__________ about us than our parents in the world. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】concerned##oncerned
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这个世界上没有人比我们的父母更关心我们。空格处用形容词作表语，由“than our parents in the world”可知，句子表示“在这个世界上没有人比我们的父母更关心我们”，空格处意为“关心的”，由首字母提示c可知，是concerned。故填concerned。
58. I suggested that he work out a plan but he didn’t make a r__________ to it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】response##esponse
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我建议他制定一个计划，但他没有作出反应。根据句意和首字母提示，此处应用名词response“反应”，由不定冠词a可知，应用单数形式。故填response。
59. Kids who are __________ (ignore) of traffic rules may put themselves in danger when crossing the road. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ignorant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：不知道交通规则的孩子过马路时可能会使自己处于危险之中。空格处用形容词作表语，ignore的形容词是ignorant，意为“不了解的、无知的”，故填ignorant。
60. It can be ________（benefit）to share your feelings with someone you trust.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：与你信任的人分享你的感受是有益的。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“It is + adj. + to do”，意为“做某事是……的”，句中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式形式，can为情态动词，意为“能，会”，后接is的原形be，故空格处应为形容词，benefit意为“优势，益处”，名词词性，对应的形容词为beneficial，意为“有益的”，符合句意。故填beneficial。
61. I’ve promised to keep him c__________ when his parents are out. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】company##ompany
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和固定短语。句意：我答应在他父母外出时陪他。由“when his parents are out”可知，句子表示“我答应在他父母外出时陪他”，由首字母提示c可知，此处是固定短语keep sb. company，意为“陪伴某人”，故填company。
62. My hometown had changed so much that it was beyond r__________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recognition##ecognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的家乡变化很大，完全改变了模样。根据句意和首字母提示r可知，此处是固定短语beyond recognition，意为“完全改了模样”符合句意。故填recognition。
63. She won the__________（admire）of many people in her battle against cancer. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】admiration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她在与癌症抗争的过程中赢得了许多人的钦佩。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作宾语，因此应用名词，根据所给提示词，“admiration(n. 钦佩)”符合语境，故填admiration。
64. We don’t know if it was done by accident or by d__________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】design##esign
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们不知道这是意外还是故意的。由“by accident or”可知，句子表示“我们不知道这是意外还是故意的”，由首字母提示d可知，此处是固定短语by design，意为“故意地”，故填design。
65. It was an impressive __________ (表现) by French team in the football match. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】performance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：法国队在足球比赛中的表现令人印象深刻。impressive是形容词，修饰名词，“表现”的名词是performance，空前有an，空格处用单数，故填performance。
66. So what are the major __________ (contribute) factors in the success of Maths teaching? (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contributing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那么，影响数学教学成功的主要因素是什么呢 ？分析句子可知，contribute作定语，修饰factors，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，contributing factors“影响因素”。故填contributing。
67. My father has made a full r__________ from the operation. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recovery##ecovery
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我父亲手术后已完全康复。full是形容词，修饰名词，由“from the operation”可知，句子表示“我父亲手术后已完全康复”，空格处意为“康复”，由首字母提示r可知，名词是recovery，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填recovery。
68. Computers are very __________ (高效的) at processing information and data. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】efficient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：计算机在处理信息和数据方面非常高效。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词efficient，作表语。故填efficient。
69. I shall never forget the __________ (慷慨) you showed to me during the financial crisis. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】generosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我永远不会忘记你们在金融危机期间对我的慷慨。空格处用名词作宾语，“慷慨”的名词是generosity，是不可数名词，故填generosity。
70. O__________, we had planned a tour of England but we didn’t make it in the end. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Originally##riginally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：本来，我们计划去英国旅游，但最终没能成行。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填副词originally，作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Originally。
第六部分 书面表达(满分15分)
71. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Philip送给你一本英语读物 Mama’s Bank Account，你读后收获颇多。请你给他写一封email，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.分享阅读收获。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Philip,
I’m writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for the English original novel you mailed to me.
I benefited a lot from Mama’s Bank Account, which is a story for both children and adults. I was deeply moved by the mother’s love for her family, which brought my inner sincerity and pure innocence back. Moreover, this book made me well acquainted with a splendid culture of English, which laid a solid foundation for my English learning.
Thank you again for your generous present.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给朋友Philip写封邮件，对他给自己英语读物表示感谢，并介绍自己的收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：convey→express
感动：touch→move
此外：what’s more→moreover
由衷的：sincere→heartfelt
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thank you again for your generous present.
拓展句：Thank you again for the generous present that you sent to me.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for the English original novel you mailed to me.（运用了省略关系代词which/that的定语从句）
[高分句型2] I benefited a lot from Mama’s Bank Account, which is a story for both children and adults.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）