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浙江省温州市乐清市知临中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省温州市乐清市知临中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析），共22页。
2023年知临中学高一年级上学期期中考试试题
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does Paul come to the woman5 s house this morning?
A. To attend a party. B. To show his gratitude. C. To look for his phone.
2. How does Felix feel now?
A. Regretful. B. Encouraged. C. Sympathetic.
3. What does the woman offer to do for the man?
A. Practice French with him.
B. Find him a study partner.
C. Introduce him to a foreigner.
4. What is the man going to do this Friday?
A. Go on a picnic. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a meeting.
5. What causes the power failure?
A. Delaying paying the bill.
B. Using lots of appliances.
C. Repairing the roads.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听 完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What might the woman be?
A. A writer. B. A bookseller. C. A publisher.
7. What does the man mean in the end?
A. He can find the book himself.
B. He knows the book very well.
C. He doesn9t like adventure novels.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where probably are the speakers?.
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a pet store.
9. What is the man’s attitude toward cyber cat petting?
A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Careless.
10. What do Japanese researchers say about looking at pictures of cats?
A. It can ease people’s stress.
B. It helps people work better.
C. It can improve the family relationship.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11 What did Vicky do to improve her Chinese?
A. She traveled to China.
B. She had classes with her mother.
C. She learned from a tutor online.
12. How much has Vicky paid to improve her Chinese so far?
A. $600. B. $700. C. $800.
13. How does Vicky sound in the end?
A. Anxious. B. Grateful. C. Surprised.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student.
15. What do we know about big talk?
A. It was first used by Kalina Silverman.
B. It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C. It’s conversation about serious issues.
16. Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk?
A. She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B. She was eager to connect with others.
C. She wanted to make a fantastic video.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some phrases. B. School life. C. A meaningful question.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the Missing Post Office do?
A. Deliver letters quickly.
B. Receive unaddressed letters.
C Publish mailed letters.
19. Where did the artist’s inspiration come from?
A. An art festival. B. A postman. C. Floating items.
20. What can visitors do in the Missing Post Office?
A. Help organize the letters.
B. Buy the postcards they’re interested in.
C. Leave their own letters behind.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Programs for High School Students
Architecture Explorations
This program encourages students to look closely at their environment, be open to creative expression, ask questions, think critically and understand individual responsibility. It is a collection of after-class architecture-based programs for students. Our organization partners with several local communities, schools and museums to provide a set of architecture education programs.
Contact: Jenna Kappelt
Email: jkappelt@andrew. cmu. edu
Arts Greenhouse
Arts Greenhouse is a hip-hop music education program for teens, which is affiliated(附属)with the Carnegie Mellon’s Studio for Creative Inquiry. With the help of teachers and students, as well as local hip-hop performers, teens write, compose and then record songs in a state-of-the-art recording studio. Through the process, teens develop musical and verbal skills, and form connections that open new routes to community participation and higher education.
Contact: Richard Purcell
Email: rpurcell@andrew. cmu. edu
HARP Lab Tours
Human and Robot Partners Lab welcomes students to learn more about how robots can be designed to work well with people. The lab may also demonstrate an assistive robot, depending on availability. Tours are scheduled by request. The lab personnel can speak to interested groups via video conferencing.
Contact: Henny Admoni
Email: henny@cmu.edu LEAP
In this year-round program, students learn with and from local artists who are working to create positive changes in the world. They participate in hands-on learning experiences focused on personal reflection and artistic expression. Students work individually and collectively to develop a love of learning and creating and the confidence to build a better future. LEAP works with City Charter High School to help students construct a plan for their lives after high school.
Contact: Sarah Ceurvorst
Email:sceurvorst@andrew.cmu.edu
1. Who should the students interested in various buildings contact?
A. Sarah Ceurvorst. B. Jenna Kappelt. C. Richard Purcell. D. Henny Admoni.
2. What can the students do during the Arts Greenhouse program?
A. Take college courses. B. Set up private studios.
C. Create their own music. D. Perform together on stage.
3. What is special about LEAP?
A. It cooperates with local schools. B. It involves lab experiments.
C. It helps students make future plans. D. It encourages students to be generous.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合高中生参加的项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Architecture Explorations中的“It is a collection of after-class architecture-based programs for students.(这是一个为学生提供的课后建筑项目的集合。)”可知，这个项目是以建筑为依托发展学生的能力的。又根据该部分“Contact: Jenna Kappelt(联系人：Jenna Kappelt)”可知，对各种建筑感兴趣的学生应该联系Jenna Kappelt。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Arts Greenhouse 中的“With the help of teachers and students, as well as local hip-hop performers, teens write, compose and then record songs in a state-of-the-art recording studio.(在老师、学生以及当地嘻哈表演者的帮助下，青少年们在一个最先进的录音棚里写作、谱曲并录制歌曲。)”可知，参与Arts Greenhouse这个项目的学生可以学习制作音乐。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文，尤其是HARP Lab Tours中的“LEAP works with City Charter High School to help students construct a plan for their lives after high school.(LEAP与城市特许高中合作，帮助学生制定高中毕业后的生活计划。)”可知，LEAP的特别之处是它会帮助学生规划未来。故选C。
B
Dolly Parton was one of the six honorees to receive the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy on Thursday night at Gotham Hall in New York. She was celebrated for her extraordinary contributions that make the world a better place.
It is thought that Dolly Parton has been quietly paying for the band uniforms of many Tennessee high schools for years. She used the songwriting payment she earned from Whitney Houston’s version of I Will Always Love You to purchase a shopping center in Nashville to support the surrounding black community in Houston’s honor.
Her “Imagination Library” provides children under age 5 with a free book every month. The library aims to inspire a love for reading through funding shared by Dolly Parton and local community partners in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and the Republic of Ireland. Currently, Parton sends out about 2 million free books each month. Parton has also donated many books to disaster relief. In 2021, she even raised $700,000 to help residents impacted by the terrible flooding in Middle Tennessee.
In her Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy speech Parton said she didn’t really have a strategy for her donations. “I just give from my heart. I never know what I’m going to do or why I’m going to do it. I often see a need, and if I can meet it, then I will,” she said.
This year, Parton also carried out the Care More Program at her Dollywood Parks and Resorts, which gives employees a day off to volunteer at a nonprofit of their choice. Parton said, “I hope the program will let people realize that when they help somebody, they help themselves more.” “That’s what we should do as human beings,” she said. “I’ve never quite understood why we have to let religion and politics and other things stand in the way of just being good human beings. I think it’s important just to feel like you’re doing your part and doing something good and right.”
4. Why did Parton buy a shopping center?
A. To give aid to others. B. To honor black leaders.
C. To pay for songwriting. D. To support her music career.
5. What is the main purpose of “Imagination Library”?
A. To sell children’s books.
B. To collect money for disaster relief.
C. To motivate children’s interest in books.
D. To promote international financial cooperation.
6. What can we learn about Parton from paragraph 4?
A. She was forced to do charity.
B. She made donations occasionally.
C. She always helped those in need.
D. She used to make well-planned donations.
7. What does Parton want to tell people through the Care More Program?
A. Giving is receiving.
B. Employees come first.
C. It is important to tell right from wrong.
D. Religion stands in the way of volunteering.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了善心人Dolly Parton的助人为乐的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She used the songwriting payment she earned from Whitney Houston’s version of I Will Always Love You to purchase a shopping center in Nashville to support the surrounding black community in Houston’s honor.”（她用惠特尼·休斯顿演唱的《我会永远爱你》赚来的写歌收入在纳什维尔购买了一个购物中心，为了向休斯顿表示敬意并以支持周围的黑人社区。）可知，Parton购买了购物中心，是为了支持周围的黑人社区，向休斯顿致敬。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her “Imagination Library” provides children under age 5 with a free book every month. The library aims to inspire a love for reading ”（她的“Imagination Library”每月为5岁以下的儿童提供免费图书。图书馆旨在激发人们对阅读的热爱）可知，这个图书馆的目的是激发儿童对阅读的热爱。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中““I just give from my heart. I never know what I’m going to do or why I’m going to do it. I often see a need, and if I can meet it, then I will,” she said.”（她说：“我只是发自内心地付出。我从来不知道我要做什么，为什么要这么做。我经常看到一种需求，如果我能满足它，我就会满足它。”）可知，Parton经常帮助需要的人。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Parton said, “I hope the program will let people realize that when they help somebody, they help themselves more.” ”（Parton说：“我希望这个项目能让人们意识到，当他们帮助别人的时候，他们更多地是在帮助自己。”）可知，Parton想通过Care More Program让人们意识到帮别人就是在帮助自己，即奉献即有收获。故选A。
C
There’s been a lot of talk about weird and annoying responses from the Bing chat bot in the last couple of weeks. By contrast, it’s difficult to get a rise out of ChatGPT even if you push it with contrary questions and statements.
ChatGPT refers to itself as an artificial intelligence language model, but there are so many reasons not to describe these statistically based, text autocomplete tools as AI.
Despite the hype (大肆宣传),we must all admit that text and image tools, however amazing they seem in what they generate, do not have any understanding or actual knowledge or awareness of what they are doing. Rather, it uses statistical patterns and correlations to predict the next word in a sentence or generate a response to a given prompt or clue. This is a limitation of current language models and the field of natural language processing in general.
However, it is important to note that language models like ChatGPT are not designed to replicate human-like understanding of language. They are designed to perform specific tasks related to language processing and generation, such as generating coherent and fluent text or answering questions based on a given context. In this sense, they represent a powerful tool for automating language-related tasks and improving our ability to interact with large amounts of textual data.
While there is still much to be learned about the true nature of language understanding and intelligence, language models like ChatGPT represent an important step forward in our ability to process and generate language at scale.
8. How will ChatGPT probably respond if it is asked contradictory questions?
A. It gets angry and defensive. B. It feels difficult to give a proper answer.
C. It generates random responses. D. It remains flexible and calm.
9. The main reason why the author doesn’t consider ChatGPT as Al is that ______.
A. it is amazing in what it generates.
B. it uses statistical patterns and correlations.
C. it is unaware of what it is doing.
D. it is not designed to replicate human-like understanding of language.
10. How can a language learner benefit from ChatGPT?
A. It can deal with language-related tasks automatically.
B. It can generate responses to given prompts or clues.
C. It can provide the answers you want.
D. It can improve the ability to interact with large amounts of visual data.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. Importance of applying ChatGPT to language learning.
B. Limitations and advantages of AI language models.
C. Whether ChatGPT is real AI as a language model.
D. A new approach to language learning.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是ChatGPT自称是一种人工智能语言模型，但有很多理由不能将这些基于统计的文本自动补全工具描述为人工智能。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There’s been a lot of talk about weird and annoying responses from the Bing chat bot in the last couple of weeks. By contrast, it’s difficult to get a rise out of ChatGPT even if you push it with contrary questions and statements. (在过去的几周里，有很多关于Bing聊天机器人奇怪而恼人的回复的讨论。相比之下，即使使用相反的问题和陈述，也很难从ChatGPT中获得提升。)”可推断，如果ChatGPT被问到相反的问题，它很难给出一个令人满意的、恰当的答案。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Despite the hype (大肆宣传),we must all admit that text and image tools, however amazing they seem in what they generate, do not have any understanding or actual knowledge or awareness of what they are doing. (尽管大肆宣传，但我们都必须承认，文本和图像工具，无论它们产生的东西看起来多么惊人，都没有任何理解或实际知识或意识到它们在做什么。)”可推断，作者之所以不认为ChatGPT是人工智能的主要原因是作者认为虽然ChatGPT产生的东西看起来多么惊人，但其实ChatGPT并不知道自己在做什么。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They are designed to perform specific tasks related to language processing and generation, such as generating coherent and fluent text or answering questions based on a given context. In this sense, they represent a powerful tool for automating language-related tasks and improving our ability to interact with large amounts of textual data. (它们被设计用于执行与语言处理和生成相关的特定任务，例如生成连贯流畅的文本或根据给定上下文回答问题。从这个意义上说，它们代表了一种强大的工具，可以自动化与语言相关的任务，并提高我们与大量文本数据交互的能力。)”可推断，ChatGPT可以对给定的提示或线索做出反应，从而提高我们与大量文本数据交互的能力。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There’s been a lot of talk about weird and annoying responses from the Bing chat bot in the last couple of weeks. By contrast, it’s difficult to get a rise out of ChatGPT even if you push it with contrary questions and statements. (在过去的几周里，有很多关于Bing聊天机器人奇怪而恼人的回复的讨论。相比之下，即使使用相反的问题和陈述，也很难从ChatGPT中获得提升。)”以及第二段“ChatGPT refers to itself as an artificial intelligence language model, but there are so many reasons not to describe these statistically based, text autocomplete tools as AI. (ChatGPT自称是一种人工智能语言模型，但有很多理由不能将这些基于统计的文本自动补全工具描述为人工智能。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是ChatGPT自称是一种人工智能语言模型，但是其实并不能称之为真正的AI。故选C。
D
Nowadays, bamboo growth cycles and the dietary needs of lemurs (狐猴) are out of sync. Findings show rainfalls are changing annually. “Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February - 14 days after the first rain” says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. “Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,” Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. “It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.”
Since baby lemurs are born in November, the delayed rainy season is dangerously affecting the survival of them for lack of nutrition available for both the mothers and offspring. “This is why, for extreme feeding specialists like the greater bamboo lemur, climate change can be an unknowing killer,” J Wright says. “Making the lemurs rely on bamboo stems (茎) for just a bit longer may be enough to tip the balance from existence to extinction.” The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas5 teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth.
The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go.
The situation is serious, so Wright and her colleagues plan to create bamboo corridors within the rainforests, which will provide available bamboo to eat. They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested. Wright’s conservation plans include moving lemurs back to other places on the island as well.
12. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Go with each other. B. Occur at different times.
C. Lead to a heated discussion. D. Call for effective protection.
13. Why will lemurs get hungry if the dry season continues?
A. They may run out of bamboo. B. They can’t adapt to the hot season.
C. They dislike the less delicious stems. D. They can’t chew the stems for a long period.
14. What may be the root cause of the narrowing of lemurs’ living areas?
A. The climate change. B. Their teeth protection.
C. The decreasing forest. D. Their special dietary habits.
15. Which of the following may Wright approve of to protect lemurs?
A. Shortening the dry season. B. Forbidding the cutting of bamboo.
C. Increasing people’s motivation. D. Finding other islands for lemurs to live on.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是因为雨季的推迟导致了竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求不同步，所以研究人员主张通过与当地人的合作进而增强人们积极性的方式来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，从而更好地保护狐猴。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February - 14 days after the first rainfall, says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. “Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,” Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. “It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.” (Stony Brook University的灵长类动物学家、人类学家和自然资源保护主义者Patricia Chapple Wright说，在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现在1月和2月，也就是第一场降雨后的14天。Patricia Chapple Wright在接受PBS新闻一小时节目采访时表示：“狐猴的食物来源非常适应。” “它能够忍受气候变化，但不幸的是，狐猴不能迅速适应这种变化的周期。”)”可推断，在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，所以狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现的时间就比以往晚了，这就导致嫩芽的出现和狐猴需要食物的时间对不上了，所划线部分的意思是竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求是不同步的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas5 teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth. (狐猴高度特殊化的牙齿也与熊猫的牙齿相似。这两种哺乳动物都能咀嚼树干。但这种饮食方式不能持续超过一两个季节，因为茎会磨损它们的牙齿。)”可知，因为狐猴的牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆，而干旱持久意味着这种供应时间会变长，所以如果旱季持续的话狐猴会因为牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆而挨饿。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go. (研究人员认为气候变化正在影响狐猴。化石记录显示狐猴曾经生活在整个岛屿。如今，这些哺乳动物被逼到了东部，那里目前的旱季最短。如果人们继续在该地区砍伐森林，狐猴将无处可去。)”可知，因为气候变化所以狐猴被迫到了岛屿的东部地区，所以影响狐猴生长区域变窄的主要原因是气候的变化。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested. (他们想和当地村民一起种植更多的竹子，并在旱季持续很久时管理自动浇水系统。他们还想通过允许人们收割一部分竹子，而剩下的留给狐猴，来发展当地的经济，这样人们就会感兴趣。)”可推断，Wright希望通过与当地人的合作即允许当地人种植竹林，提供自动供水系统，发展经济让竹子变成经济作物以调动当地人积极性等来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，所以Wright赞成通过增强人们的积极性来保护狐猴。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cultural heritage is an essential part of our identity, history and traditions. It includes buildings, monuments, artworks, books, music and other artefacts.___16___. However, the preservation of cultural heritage is not always guaranteed, and many valuable pieces have been lost or destroyed over time.
So, what can we do to protect our cultural heritage? The first step is to raise awareness about its importance. People need to understand that cultural heritage is not just a collection of old things. ____17____. We should appreciate and respect it, and encourage others to do so as well.
Another way to protect cultural heritage is through legislation. ____18____. They can also provide funding for restoration and maintenance projects, and impose penalties on those who damage or destroy cultural heritage.
Education plays a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage. Schools and universities can teach students about the value of cultural heritage and how to care for it ____19____.
Technology can be a useful tool in protecting cultural heritage. Digitization allows us to preserve and share cultural artefacts with a wider audience, while also reducing the risk of damage or loss. Virtual reality can also be used to recreate historical sites and buildings, allowing people to experience them in a new and immersive way.
____20____. By raising awareness, establishing laws, educating people and using technology, we can ensure that our cultural heritage is preserved for future generations to enjoy and appreciate.
A. Historic buildings are climate friendly.
B. It is also a symbol of our cultural diversity and creativity.
C. Protecting cultural heritage requires a collective effort.
D. To be kept alive, cultural heritage must be related to its community.
E. This non-renewable treasure should be passed down from one generation to another.
F. Governments can establish laws and regulations to protect historic sites, buildings and artifacts.
G. Museums and other cultural institutions can offer exhibitions and events that show the importance of cultural heritage.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. F 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是文化遗产是我们的身份、历史和传统的重要组成部分，并介绍了保护文化遗产的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空后内容“However, the preservation of cultural heritage is not always guaranteed, and many valuable pieces have been lost or destroyed over time. (然而，文化遗产的保护并不总是得到保证，许多珍贵的作品随着时间的推移已经丢失或毁坏。)”可知，文化遗产并没有得到很好的保护；而“however”则暗示空处和下文存在转折关系。选项E“This non-renewable treasure should be passed down from one generation to another. (这种不可再生的财富应该代代相传。)”说明了文化遗产应该得到保护从而代代相传，与下文文化遗产未得到很好的保护构成转折关系。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“The first step is to raise awareness about its importance. People need to understand that cultural heritage is not just a collection of old things. (第一步是提高人们对其重要性的认识。人们需要明白，文化遗产不仅仅是旧事物的集合。)”可知，我们应该提到人们对文化遗产的认识，文化遗产不仅仅是旧事物。选项B“It is also a symbol of our cultural diversity and creativity. (它也是我们文化多样性和创造力的象征。)”延续上文内容，说明文化遗产不仅仅是旧事物，还是我们文化多样性和创造力的象征。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据空前内容“Another way to protect cultural heritage is through legislation. (保护文化遗产的另一种方式是通过立法。)”可知，上文提到了保护文化遗产的一个方式是立法。选项F“Governments can establish laws and regulations to protect historic sites, buildings and artifacts. (政府可以制定法律法规来保护历史遗迹、建筑和文物。)”延续上文内容，具体阐述政府可以制定法律法规来保护文化遗产。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空前内容“Education plays a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage. Schools and universities can teach students about the value of cultural heritage and how to care for it. (教育在保护文化遗产方面起着至关重要的作用。学校和大学可以教学生文化遗产的价值以及如何保护它。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是教育机构在保护文化遗产方面可做的贡献。选项G“Museums and other cultural institutions can offer exhibitions and events that show the importance of cultural heritage. (博物馆和其他文化机构可以举办展示文化遗产重要性的展览和活动。)”延续上文内容，指的是博物馆和其他文化机构在保护遗产方面可以做的贡献。故选G。
【20题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“By raising awareness, establishing laws, educating people and using technology, we can ensure that our cultural heritage is preserved for future generations to enjoy and appreciate. (通过提高意识、制定法律、教育人民和利用技术，我们可以确保我们的文化遗产得到保护，供子孙后代欣赏和欣赏。)”可知，下文指的是保护遗产需要各方面的努力。选项C“Protecting cultural heritage requires a collective effort. (保护文化遗产需要集体努力。)”与下文内容一致，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题L5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I have always loved adventure, which is why 1 decided to climb the tallest mountain peak in my country. The challenge was ____21____, and I wanted to ____22____ my limits. Little did I know that this journey would be a life-changing experience.
My adventure began on an early morning when I met my ____23____ climbers at the base camp. The beginning of our trip was easy since we were ____24____ and had been looking forward to it for weeks. ____25____, as we climbed higher, the trek became ____26____ difficult.
We encountered (遭遇) lots of obstacles, including ____27____ temperatures, tough terrains, and unpredictable weather conditions. As we ____28____ the summit (顶峰), the path we had chosen was blocked by a large ice wall that seemed impossible to ____29____. After several _____30_____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope. His safety ropes held him from falling further down the slope, but the rest of us realized the _____31_____ of the situation.
It was a(n)_____32_____— do we continue with the climb or turn back? We had almost reached the summit, and turning back meant _____33_____ failure. We knew that the extreme cold and unpredictable weather were making it dangerous, but the dream of reaching the top kept us _____34_____.
In the end, our determination won. We came up with a plan to climb over the ice wall, which eventually _____35_____. The beautiful scenery on the top as well as a sense of achievement was the final reward. This unforgettable experience taught me never to give up easily when faced with a dilemma.
21. A. dangerous B. obvious C. demanding D. exciting
22. A. test B. examine C. recognize D. realize
23. A. serious B. friendly C. fellow D. ambitious
24. A. occupied B. devoted C. committed D. energized
25. A. Therefore B. However C. Furthermore D. Instead
26. A. continuously B. increasingly C. potentially D. frequently
27. A. freezing B. biting C. sharpening D. reducing
28. A. left B. reached C. arrived D. neared
29. A. avoid B. escape C. conquer D. survive
30. A. despairing B. exhausting C. worsening D. strengthening
31. A. gravity B. gratitude C. regulation D. regularity
32. A. decision B. determination C. dilemma D. issue
33. A. recovering B. admitting C. permitting D. approving
34. A. moved B. missed C. challenged D. inspired
35. A. paid off B. kicked off C. lived off D. gave off
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者历经艰难最终完成挑战——攀登全国最高的山峰。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项挑战要求很高，我想测试一下自己的极限。A. dangerous危险的；B. obvious明显的；C. demanding要求高的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“I have always loved adventure, which is why 1 decided to climb the tallest mountain peak in my country.”可知，作者想要攀登自己国家最高的山峰，由此可知，这项挑战的要求很高。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项挑战要求很高，我想测试一下自己极限。A. test测试；B. examine检查；C. recognize认出；D. realize意识到。根据上文“The challenge was ____1____”可知，这项挑战的要求较高，由此可知，作者也是想要测试一下自己的极限。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的冒险开始于一个清晨，当时我在大本营遇到了我的同伴们。A. serious严肃的；B. friendly友好的；C. fellow同类的；D. ambitious有抱负的。考查原词重现，根据下文“After several ____10____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope.”可知，空处指的是“fellow climbers”，意为“登山的同伴们”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的旅行开始时很轻松，因为我们精力充沛，而且已经期待了好几个星期了。A. occupied使用中的、忙碌的；B. devoted投入的；C. committed坚定的；D. energized激励的、精力充沛的。根据上文“The beginning of our trip was easy”可知，探险的一开始大家都很轻松，根据常理可知，旅行一开始，人们总是精力充沛的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着我们爬得越来越高，徒步旅行变得越来越困难。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Furthermore此外；D. Instead相反。根据上文“The beginning of our trip was easy”以及下文“as we climbed higher, the trek became ____6____ difficult”可知，两句之间存在转折关系。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着我们爬得越来越高，徒步旅行变得越来越困难。A. continuously不断地；B. increasingly越来越多地；C. potentially潜在地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文的“as we climbed higher”以及常理可推测，爬山时，爬得越高也越困难。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词/动词词义辨析。句意：我们遇到了很多障碍，包括寒冷的气温、崎岖的地形和不可预测的天气条件。A. freezing寒冷的；B. biting刺痛的；C. sharpening使尖锐；D. reducing减少。根据下文“We knew that the extreme cold and unpredictable weather were making it dangerous”可知，作者爬山的时候天气寒冷。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近山顶时，我们选择的路被一堵巨大的冰墙挡住了，似乎无法征服。A. left离开；B. reached到达；C. arrived到达；D. neared接近。根据下文“We had almost reached the summit”可知，作者他们已经接近了山顶。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近山顶时，我们选择的路被一堵巨大的冰墙挡住了，似乎无法征服。A. avoid避免；B. escape逃避；C. conquer征服；D. survive存活。根据下文“After several ____10____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope.”以及“We came up with a plan to climb over the ice wall, which eventually ____15____.”可知，作者遇到的冰墙无法征服。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过几次筋疲力尽的尝试后，我的一个同伴滑倒了，从山坡上摔了下来。A. despairing令人绝望的；B. exhausting令人精疲力竭的；C. worsening日益恶化的；D. strengthening强化的。根据上文可知，作者他们已经快要到达山顶了，以及下文“one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope”可知，作者他们已经筋疲力尽了。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的安全绳阻止了他往下掉，但我们其他人都意识到了情况的严重性。A. gravity重力、严重性；B. gratitude感激；C. regulation规章，规则；D. regularity规律性。根据上文“After several ____10____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope.”可知，作者的同伴从山坡上摔了下来，虽然安全绳救了他的命，但是也足以让其他人意识到情况的严重性。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个两难的选择——我们是继续爬升还是折回？A. decision决定；B. determination决心；C. dilemma困境、进退两难；D. issue议题、问题。根据下文“do we continue with the climb or turn back?”以及文章最后一句“This unforgettable experience taught me never to give up easily when faced with a dilemma.”可知，作者他们遇到了一个两难的选择。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们几乎就要到达山顶了，回头就意味着承认失败。A. recovering恢复；B. admitting承认；C. permitting允许；D. approving同意、批准。根据常理可知，作者已经快要到山顶了，因此此时如果回头就意味着承认此次挑战失败。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道极端寒冷和不可预测的天气会让它变得危险，但到达顶峰的梦想一直激励着我们。A. moved移动；B. missed错过；C. challenged挑战；D. inspired激励。根据常识可知，一个人的梦想可以激励一个人不怕困难，坚持不懈地努力下去。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们想出了一个爬过冰墙的计划，这个计划最终成功了。A. paid off得到回报、取得成功；B. kicked off开始；C. lived off依赖……生活；D. gave off散发。根据下文“The beautiful scenery on the top as well as a sense of achievement was the final reward. This unforgettable experience taught me never to give up easily when faced with a dilemma.”可知，作者以及同伴最终登上了山顶，由此可推断出，作者他们的计划最终成功了。故选A。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
For years, Meg Boggs believed the idea told ____36____ her by society: she ____37____(think)that as a plus-sized woman, she could never be fit; she could never be strong; she could never love exercise. ____38____when Meg became a mom, she decided to rethink her preconceived(先入为主的)notions and embrace her body for what it is. In Fitness for Every Body. Meg shares her personal story and inspires you ____39____(celebrate)your own body for all its ____40____(capable). ____41____(feature)a dozen step-by-step, full-body workouts, this book is more than ____42____ workout guide or a training manual(使用手册). It s a reminder that you’re more than just your weight, ____43____ you are stronger than you believe, and that just because you might not be thin, it doesn’t mean that you can’t be ____44____(athlete). Your body _____45_____(be)capable of doing incredible things - you just have to let it.
【答案】36. to 37. thought
38. But 39. to celebrate
40. capabilities
41. Featuring
42. a 43. that
44. athletic
45. is
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了Meg的新书，在书中分享了她的个人故事并激励人们为自己身体的所有能力感到庆幸。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：多年来， Meg Boggs一直相信社会告诉她的观念：她认为，作为一个大码女性，她永远不可能健康；她永远不会坚强；她永远不会喜欢运动。短语：tell sth. to sb.的被动形式，意为“告知某人某事”故填to。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：多年来， Meg Boggs一直相信社会告诉她的观念：她认为，作为一个大码女性，她永远不可能健康；她永远不会坚强；她永远不会喜欢运动。这里为谓语动词，根据下文“she could never be fit”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填thought。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：但当Meg成为母亲后，她决定重新思考自己先入为主观念，接受自己的身体。下文“when Meg became a mom, she decided to rethink her preconceived(先入为主的)notions and embrace her body for what it is.”和上文之间存在转折关系；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填But。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在《适合每个人的健身》这本书中，Meg分享了她的个人故事，并激励你庆祝自己身体的所有能力。非谓语动词担当动词“inspire”的宾语补足语，用动词的不定式形式。构成短语inspire sb. to do sth.，意为“激励某人做某事”。故填to celebrate。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在《适合每个人的健身》这本书中，Meg分享了她的个人故事，并激励你庆祝自己身体的所有能力。根据空前的“all”可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填capabilities。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书以十几个循序渐进的全身锻炼为特色，不仅仅是一本锻炼指南或训练手册。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“this book”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Featuring。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这本书以十几个循序渐进的全身锻炼为特色，不仅仅是一本锻炼指南或训练手册。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：它提醒你，你不仅仅是你的体重，你比你认为的更强壮，仅仅因为你可能不瘦，并不意味着你不能运动。名词“reminder”后接同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它提醒你，你不仅仅是你的体重，你比你认为的更强壮，仅仅因为你可能不瘦，并不意味着你不能运动。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当表语。故填athletic。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你的身体有能力做一些不可思议的事情——你只需要让它去做。考查本句谓语动词，根据下文“you just have to let it”可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“your body”单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
第四部 书面表达(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你校团委及学生会于上周五下午在学校大礼堂举办了第十届校园“十佳歌手”大赛。请你用英文写一篇文章，向校报《消息风》栏目投稿。
内容包括：
1. 举办歌手大赛的目的；
2. 简要介绍比赛的整个过程。
注意：
3. 词数80左右；
4. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：大礼堂auditorium 团委the League Committee 十佳歌手大赛the Top Ten Singers Competition
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The Top Ten Singers Competition
The Top Ten Singers Competition was held in the school auditorium last Friday afternoon.
To make our school life rich and colorful, the League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition.
Our school headmaster announced the beginning of the event at half past two. Twenty elected outstanding singers from the whole school entered the competition. They brought us not only attractive songs but also great joy and entertainment. In return, the singers received loud cheers and applause from the audience. After the winners were announced, some of the school leaders went up to the stage and awarded the winners certificates and prizes and congratulated them on their achievements.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道，要求考生写一篇关于校团委及学生会于上周五下午在学校大礼堂举办的第十届校园“十佳歌手”大赛的新闻稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
杰出的：outstanding→excellent
欢乐：joy→pleasure
宣布：announce→declare
使丰富：make...rich→enrich
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To make our school life rich and colorful, the League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition.
拓展句：The League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition, which was meant to make our school life rich and colorful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To make our school life rich and colorful, the League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] They brought us not only attractive songs but also great joy and entertainment. (运用了not only...but also固定句式)
第二节 读后续写(25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
An old wooden seat that Susan extremely valued often reminded her of mother’s Golden Rule.
Back in the 1930s, the country life was really tough. One day after dinner, Susan’s mother sat on the seat, announcing to the children the Golden Rule: “Treat others the way you want to be treated.” Susan reflected carefully and seriously on what her mother had said. She resolved that she would keep in mind and follow the rule.
One Saturday afternoon, she went to farmer Jason’s inn (小旅馆) to get the pay for her mother’s washing for the guests there, which amounted to five dollars. She found Jason in the yard, who, as all the villagers knew, was selfish and mean.
His eyes clouded with anger, as he had just finished a quarrel with one of his guests. He held in his hand an open wallet, full of bills. He barely noticed Susan until she made her request for the money. Instead of shouting at her, as usual, for troubling him when he was busy, he handed her a bank note.
Feeling relieved for escaping from Jason so easily, Susan hurried out of the inn. When carefully putting the money into her pocket, she discovered that Jason had given her two bills instead of one, and her first reaction was joy at the unexpected prize. She looked around and there was nobody nearby to share her discovery. “It is mine. All mine.” she said to herself. “I will buy mum a new coat with it, and she can give her old one to sister Mary, and then Mary can go to the Sunday school with me next winter. I wonder if I can buy a pair of shoes for brother Tom too.”
Just at that moment, she realized that Jason must have given the extra money to her by mistake, and therefore she had no right to own it. But a voice of temptation (诱惑) whispered, “He gave it, and you can keep it. He will never know, even if it is a mistake. ”
As Susan hurried home, this conflict went on in her mind.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Susan’s face became red with embarrassment and annoyance.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As Susan hurried home, this conflict went on in her mind. When she passed through the gate, her eyes fell upon the wooden seat. Instantly, the words of the Golden Rule rang in her ears. Turning around quickly, she raced along the road breathlessly until she found herself again at farmer Jason’s gate. “Why are you back again?” shouted the cold fellow angrily, as he saw Susan again at his side. “Sir, you gave me two bills, instead of one,” she said in a trembling voice. “Two bills? Did I? Let me see. Well, so I did. Why didn’t you bring it back sooner? You want to keep it yourself?” he blamed.
Susan’s face became red with embarrassment and annoyance. Tears rolling down her cheeks, she loudly argued that she returned it almost the moment she discovered the truth. Jason looked at the child, seemingly touched. Putting his hand in his pocket, he drew out a few coins and handed them to her. “No, sir. I thank you,” sobbed Susan, “I do not want to be paid for doing right. I only wish you would not think me dishonest.” After hearing this, Jason said sorry to her, ashamed. Susan returned home with a lightened heart. Never would she forget her mother’s Golden rule in her life.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了Susan在帮妈妈向Jason索要洗衣费的时候，收到了两张纸币，其中一张是Jason不小心多拿出的，在是否将这张多余的纸币据为己有的矛盾中，Susan最终选择了将其还给Jason。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：As Susan hurried home, this conflict went on in her mind. (当Susan匆忙赶回家时，这个矛盾在她的脑海里继续着。)所以应该写Susan回到家看到那把木制椅子时的感触，想到妈妈的教导，而把多余的钱还给Jason，同时应描写Jason和Susan之间关于还钱的对话，包括Jason的疑惑，质问等；第二段开头是Susan’s face became red with embarrassment and annoyance. ( Susan又尴尬又恼怒，脸都红了。) 本段应该写Susan对于Jason质问的回答，同时Jason对于Susan回答的反应，比如给与奖励，同时呼应文章主题“己所不欲勿施于人”，应描写Susan对此做出的回应，比如拒绝奖励，诚实地表达出个人的想法等。要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：1.高级词汇：fall upon on; roll down; draw out; hand sth. to sb.2.复合句式：“Why are you back again?” shouted the cold fellow angrily, as he saw Susan again at his side. (as引导时间状语从句)Tears rolling down her cheeks, she loudly argued that she returned it almost the moment she discovered the truth .(“tears rolling down her cheeks”为独立主格结构，表伴随；the moment 引导时间状语从句。)Putting his hand in his pocket, he drew out a few coins and handed them to her. (putting his hand in his pocket为现在分词作状语)Never would she forget her mother’s Golden rule in her life.(否定词置于句首，部分倒装)
2023年知临中学高一年级上学期期中考试试题
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does Paul come to the woman5 s house this morning?
A. To attend a party. B. To show his gratitude. C. To look for his phone.
2. How does Felix feel now?
A. Regretful. B. Encouraged. C. Sympathetic.
3. What does the woman offer to do for the man?
A. Practice French with him.
B. Find him a study partner.
C. Introduce him to a foreigner.
4. What is the man going to do this Friday?
A. Go on a picnic. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a meeting.
5. What causes the power failure?
A. Delaying paying the bill.
B. Using lots of appliances.
C. Repairing the roads.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听 完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What might the woman be?
A. A writer. B. A bookseller. C. A publisher.
7. What does the man mean in the end?
A. He can find the book himself.
B. He knows the book very well.
C. He doesn9t like adventure novels.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where probably are the speakers?.
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a pet store.
9. What is the man’s attitude toward cyber cat petting?
A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Careless.
10. What do Japanese researchers say about looking at pictures of cats?
A. It can ease people’s stress.
B. It helps people work better.
C. It can improve the family relationship.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11 What did Vicky do to improve her Chinese?
A. She traveled to China.
B. She had classes with her mother.
C. She learned from a tutor online.
12. How much has Vicky paid to improve her Chinese so far?
A. $600. B. $700. C. $800.
13. How does Vicky sound in the end?
A. Anxious. B. Grateful. C. Surprised.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student.
15. What do we know about big talk?
A. It was first used by Kalina Silverman.
B. It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C. It’s conversation about serious issues.
16. Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk?
A. She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B. She was eager to connect with others.
C. She wanted to make a fantastic video.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some phrases. B. School life. C. A meaningful question.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the Missing Post Office do?
A. Deliver letters quickly.
B. Receive unaddressed letters.
C Publish mailed letters.
19. Where did the artist’s inspiration come from?
A. An art festival. B. A postman. C. Floating items.
20. What can visitors do in the Missing Post Office?
A. Help organize the letters.
B. Buy the postcards they’re interested in.
C. Leave their own letters behind.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Programs for High School Students
Architecture Explorations
This program encourages students to look closely at their environment, be open to creative expression, ask questions, think critically and understand individual responsibility. It is a collection of after-class architecture-based programs for students. Our organization partners with several local communities, schools and museums to provide a set of architecture education programs.
Contact: Jenna Kappelt
Email: jkappelt@andrew. cmu. edu
Arts Greenhouse
Arts Greenhouse is a hip-hop music education program for teens, which is affiliated(附属)with the Carnegie Mellon’s Studio for Creative Inquiry. With the help of teachers and students, as well as local hip-hop performers, teens write, compose and then record songs in a state-of-the-art recording studio. Through the process, teens develop musical and verbal skills, and form connections that open new routes to community participation and higher education.
Contact: Richard Purcell
Email: rpurcell@andrew. cmu. edu
HARP Lab Tours
Human and Robot Partners Lab welcomes students to learn more about how robots can be designed to work well with people. The lab may also demonstrate an assistive robot, depending on availability. Tours are scheduled by request. The lab personnel can speak to interested groups via video conferencing.
Contact: Henny Admoni
Email: henny@cmu.edu LEAP
In this year-round program, students learn with and from local artists who are working to create positive changes in the world. They participate in hands-on learning experiences focused on personal reflection and artistic expression. Students work individually and collectively to develop a love of learning and creating and the confidence to build a better future. LEAP works with City Charter High School to help students construct a plan for their lives after high school.
Contact: Sarah Ceurvorst
Email:sceurvorst@andrew.cmu.edu
1. Who should the students interested in various buildings contact?
A. Sarah Ceurvorst. B. Jenna Kappelt. C. Richard Purcell. D. Henny Admoni.
2. What can the students do during the Arts Greenhouse program?
A. Take college courses. B. Set up private studios.
C. Create their own music. D. Perform together on stage.
3. What is special about LEAP?
A. It cooperates with local schools. B. It involves lab experiments.
C. It helps students make future plans. D. It encourages students to be generous.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合高中生参加的项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Architecture Explorations中的“It is a collection of after-class architecture-based programs for students.(这是一个为学生提供的课后建筑项目的集合。)”可知，这个项目是以建筑为依托发展学生的能力的。又根据该部分“Contact: Jenna Kappelt(联系人：Jenna Kappelt)”可知，对各种建筑感兴趣的学生应该联系Jenna Kappelt。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Arts Greenhouse 中的“With the help of teachers and students, as well as local hip-hop performers, teens write, compose and then record songs in a state-of-the-art recording studio.(在老师、学生以及当地嘻哈表演者的帮助下，青少年们在一个最先进的录音棚里写作、谱曲并录制歌曲。)”可知，参与Arts Greenhouse这个项目的学生可以学习制作音乐。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文，尤其是HARP Lab Tours中的“LEAP works with City Charter High School to help students construct a plan for their lives after high school.(LEAP与城市特许高中合作，帮助学生制定高中毕业后的生活计划。)”可知，LEAP的特别之处是它会帮助学生规划未来。故选C。
B
Dolly Parton was one of the six honorees to receive the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy on Thursday night at Gotham Hall in New York. She was celebrated for her extraordinary contributions that make the world a better place.
It is thought that Dolly Parton has been quietly paying for the band uniforms of many Tennessee high schools for years. She used the songwriting payment she earned from Whitney Houston’s version of I Will Always Love You to purchase a shopping center in Nashville to support the surrounding black community in Houston’s honor.
Her “Imagination Library” provides children under age 5 with a free book every month. The library aims to inspire a love for reading through funding shared by Dolly Parton and local community partners in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and the Republic of Ireland. Currently, Parton sends out about 2 million free books each month. Parton has also donated many books to disaster relief. In 2021, she even raised $700,000 to help residents impacted by the terrible flooding in Middle Tennessee.
In her Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy speech Parton said she didn’t really have a strategy for her donations. “I just give from my heart. I never know what I’m going to do or why I’m going to do it. I often see a need, and if I can meet it, then I will,” she said.
This year, Parton also carried out the Care More Program at her Dollywood Parks and Resorts, which gives employees a day off to volunteer at a nonprofit of their choice. Parton said, “I hope the program will let people realize that when they help somebody, they help themselves more.” “That’s what we should do as human beings,” she said. “I’ve never quite understood why we have to let religion and politics and other things stand in the way of just being good human beings. I think it’s important just to feel like you’re doing your part and doing something good and right.”
4. Why did Parton buy a shopping center?
A. To give aid to others. B. To honor black leaders.
C. To pay for songwriting. D. To support her music career.
5. What is the main purpose of “Imagination Library”?
A. To sell children’s books.
B. To collect money for disaster relief.
C. To motivate children’s interest in books.
D. To promote international financial cooperation.
6. What can we learn about Parton from paragraph 4?
A. She was forced to do charity.
B. She made donations occasionally.
C. She always helped those in need.
D. She used to make well-planned donations.
7. What does Parton want to tell people through the Care More Program?
A. Giving is receiving.
B. Employees come first.
C. It is important to tell right from wrong.
D. Religion stands in the way of volunteering.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了善心人Dolly Parton的助人为乐的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She used the songwriting payment she earned from Whitney Houston’s version of I Will Always Love You to purchase a shopping center in Nashville to support the surrounding black community in Houston’s honor.”（她用惠特尼·休斯顿演唱的《我会永远爱你》赚来的写歌收入在纳什维尔购买了一个购物中心，为了向休斯顿表示敬意并以支持周围的黑人社区。）可知，Parton购买了购物中心，是为了支持周围的黑人社区，向休斯顿致敬。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her “Imagination Library” provides children under age 5 with a free book every month. The library aims to inspire a love for reading ”（她的“Imagination Library”每月为5岁以下的儿童提供免费图书。图书馆旨在激发人们对阅读的热爱）可知，这个图书馆的目的是激发儿童对阅读的热爱。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中““I just give from my heart. I never know what I’m going to do or why I’m going to do it. I often see a need, and if I can meet it, then I will,” she said.”（她说：“我只是发自内心地付出。我从来不知道我要做什么，为什么要这么做。我经常看到一种需求，如果我能满足它，我就会满足它。”）可知，Parton经常帮助需要的人。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Parton said, “I hope the program will let people realize that when they help somebody, they help themselves more.” ”（Parton说：“我希望这个项目能让人们意识到，当他们帮助别人的时候，他们更多地是在帮助自己。”）可知，Parton想通过Care More Program让人们意识到帮别人就是在帮助自己，即奉献即有收获。故选A。
C
There’s been a lot of talk about weird and annoying responses from the Bing chat bot in the last couple of weeks. By contrast, it’s difficult to get a rise out of ChatGPT even if you push it with contrary questions and statements.
ChatGPT refers to itself as an artificial intelligence language model, but there are so many reasons not to describe these statistically based, text autocomplete tools as AI.
Despite the hype (大肆宣传),we must all admit that text and image tools, however amazing they seem in what they generate, do not have any understanding or actual knowledge or awareness of what they are doing. Rather, it uses statistical patterns and correlations to predict the next word in a sentence or generate a response to a given prompt or clue. This is a limitation of current language models and the field of natural language processing in general.
However, it is important to note that language models like ChatGPT are not designed to replicate human-like understanding of language. They are designed to perform specific tasks related to language processing and generation, such as generating coherent and fluent text or answering questions based on a given context. In this sense, they represent a powerful tool for automating language-related tasks and improving our ability to interact with large amounts of textual data.
While there is still much to be learned about the true nature of language understanding and intelligence, language models like ChatGPT represent an important step forward in our ability to process and generate language at scale.
8. How will ChatGPT probably respond if it is asked contradictory questions?
A. It gets angry and defensive. B. It feels difficult to give a proper answer.
C. It generates random responses. D. It remains flexible and calm.
9. The main reason why the author doesn’t consider ChatGPT as Al is that ______.
A. it is amazing in what it generates.
B. it uses statistical patterns and correlations.
C. it is unaware of what it is doing.
D. it is not designed to replicate human-like understanding of language.
10. How can a language learner benefit from ChatGPT?
A. It can deal with language-related tasks automatically.
B. It can generate responses to given prompts or clues.
C. It can provide the answers you want.
D. It can improve the ability to interact with large amounts of visual data.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. Importance of applying ChatGPT to language learning.
B. Limitations and advantages of AI language models.
C. Whether ChatGPT is real AI as a language model.
D. A new approach to language learning.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是ChatGPT自称是一种人工智能语言模型，但有很多理由不能将这些基于统计的文本自动补全工具描述为人工智能。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There’s been a lot of talk about weird and annoying responses from the Bing chat bot in the last couple of weeks. By contrast, it’s difficult to get a rise out of ChatGPT even if you push it with contrary questions and statements. (在过去的几周里，有很多关于Bing聊天机器人奇怪而恼人的回复的讨论。相比之下，即使使用相反的问题和陈述，也很难从ChatGPT中获得提升。)”可推断，如果ChatGPT被问到相反的问题，它很难给出一个令人满意的、恰当的答案。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Despite the hype (大肆宣传),we must all admit that text and image tools, however amazing they seem in what they generate, do not have any understanding or actual knowledge or awareness of what they are doing. (尽管大肆宣传，但我们都必须承认，文本和图像工具，无论它们产生的东西看起来多么惊人，都没有任何理解或实际知识或意识到它们在做什么。)”可推断，作者之所以不认为ChatGPT是人工智能的主要原因是作者认为虽然ChatGPT产生的东西看起来多么惊人，但其实ChatGPT并不知道自己在做什么。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They are designed to perform specific tasks related to language processing and generation, such as generating coherent and fluent text or answering questions based on a given context. In this sense, they represent a powerful tool for automating language-related tasks and improving our ability to interact with large amounts of textual data. (它们被设计用于执行与语言处理和生成相关的特定任务，例如生成连贯流畅的文本或根据给定上下文回答问题。从这个意义上说，它们代表了一种强大的工具，可以自动化与语言相关的任务，并提高我们与大量文本数据交互的能力。)”可推断，ChatGPT可以对给定的提示或线索做出反应，从而提高我们与大量文本数据交互的能力。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There’s been a lot of talk about weird and annoying responses from the Bing chat bot in the last couple of weeks. By contrast, it’s difficult to get a rise out of ChatGPT even if you push it with contrary questions and statements. (在过去的几周里，有很多关于Bing聊天机器人奇怪而恼人的回复的讨论。相比之下，即使使用相反的问题和陈述，也很难从ChatGPT中获得提升。)”以及第二段“ChatGPT refers to itself as an artificial intelligence language model, but there are so many reasons not to describe these statistically based, text autocomplete tools as AI. (ChatGPT自称是一种人工智能语言模型，但有很多理由不能将这些基于统计的文本自动补全工具描述为人工智能。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是ChatGPT自称是一种人工智能语言模型，但是其实并不能称之为真正的AI。故选C。
D
Nowadays, bamboo growth cycles and the dietary needs of lemurs (狐猴) are out of sync. Findings show rainfalls are changing annually. “Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February - 14 days after the first rain” says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. “Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,” Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. “It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.”
Since baby lemurs are born in November, the delayed rainy season is dangerously affecting the survival of them for lack of nutrition available for both the mothers and offspring. “This is why, for extreme feeding specialists like the greater bamboo lemur, climate change can be an unknowing killer,” J Wright says. “Making the lemurs rely on bamboo stems (茎) for just a bit longer may be enough to tip the balance from existence to extinction.” The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas5 teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth.
The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go.
The situation is serious, so Wright and her colleagues plan to create bamboo corridors within the rainforests, which will provide available bamboo to eat. They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested. Wright’s conservation plans include moving lemurs back to other places on the island as well.
12. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Go with each other. B. Occur at different times.
C. Lead to a heated discussion. D. Call for effective protection.
13. Why will lemurs get hungry if the dry season continues?
A. They may run out of bamboo. B. They can’t adapt to the hot season.
C. They dislike the less delicious stems. D. They can’t chew the stems for a long period.
14. What may be the root cause of the narrowing of lemurs’ living areas?
A. The climate change. B. Their teeth protection.
C. The decreasing forest. D. Their special dietary habits.
15. Which of the following may Wright approve of to protect lemurs?
A. Shortening the dry season. B. Forbidding the cutting of bamboo.
C. Increasing people’s motivation. D. Finding other islands for lemurs to live on.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是因为雨季的推迟导致了竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求不同步，所以研究人员主张通过与当地人的合作进而增强人们积极性的方式来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，从而更好地保护狐猴。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February - 14 days after the first rainfall, says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. “Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,” Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. “It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.” (Stony Brook University的灵长类动物学家、人类学家和自然资源保护主义者Patricia Chapple Wright说，在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现在1月和2月，也就是第一场降雨后的14天。Patricia Chapple Wright在接受PBS新闻一小时节目采访时表示：“狐猴的食物来源非常适应。” “它能够忍受气候变化，但不幸的是，狐猴不能迅速适应这种变化的周期。”)”可推断，在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，所以狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现的时间就比以往晚了，这就导致嫩芽的出现和狐猴需要食物的时间对不上了，所划线部分的意思是竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求是不同步的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas5 teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth. (狐猴高度特殊化的牙齿也与熊猫的牙齿相似。这两种哺乳动物都能咀嚼树干。但这种饮食方式不能持续超过一两个季节，因为茎会磨损它们的牙齿。)”可知，因为狐猴的牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆，而干旱持久意味着这种供应时间会变长，所以如果旱季持续的话狐猴会因为牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆而挨饿。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go. (研究人员认为气候变化正在影响狐猴。化石记录显示狐猴曾经生活在整个岛屿。如今，这些哺乳动物被逼到了东部，那里目前的旱季最短。如果人们继续在该地区砍伐森林，狐猴将无处可去。)”可知，因为气候变化所以狐猴被迫到了岛屿的东部地区，所以影响狐猴生长区域变窄的主要原因是气候的变化。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested. (他们想和当地村民一起种植更多的竹子，并在旱季持续很久时管理自动浇水系统。他们还想通过允许人们收割一部分竹子，而剩下的留给狐猴，来发展当地的经济，这样人们就会感兴趣。)”可推断，Wright希望通过与当地人的合作即允许当地人种植竹林，提供自动供水系统，发展经济让竹子变成经济作物以调动当地人积极性等来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，所以Wright赞成通过增强人们的积极性来保护狐猴。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cultural heritage is an essential part of our identity, history and traditions. It includes buildings, monuments, artworks, books, music and other artefacts.___16___. However, the preservation of cultural heritage is not always guaranteed, and many valuable pieces have been lost or destroyed over time.
So, what can we do to protect our cultural heritage? The first step is to raise awareness about its importance. People need to understand that cultural heritage is not just a collection of old things. ____17____. We should appreciate and respect it, and encourage others to do so as well.
Another way to protect cultural heritage is through legislation. ____18____. They can also provide funding for restoration and maintenance projects, and impose penalties on those who damage or destroy cultural heritage.
Education plays a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage. Schools and universities can teach students about the value of cultural heritage and how to care for it ____19____.
Technology can be a useful tool in protecting cultural heritage. Digitization allows us to preserve and share cultural artefacts with a wider audience, while also reducing the risk of damage or loss. Virtual reality can also be used to recreate historical sites and buildings, allowing people to experience them in a new and immersive way.
____20____. By raising awareness, establishing laws, educating people and using technology, we can ensure that our cultural heritage is preserved for future generations to enjoy and appreciate.
A. Historic buildings are climate friendly.
B. It is also a symbol of our cultural diversity and creativity.
C. Protecting cultural heritage requires a collective effort.
D. To be kept alive, cultural heritage must be related to its community.
E. This non-renewable treasure should be passed down from one generation to another.
F. Governments can establish laws and regulations to protect historic sites, buildings and artifacts.
G. Museums and other cultural institutions can offer exhibitions and events that show the importance of cultural heritage.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. F 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是文化遗产是我们的身份、历史和传统的重要组成部分，并介绍了保护文化遗产的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空后内容“However, the preservation of cultural heritage is not always guaranteed, and many valuable pieces have been lost or destroyed over time. (然而，文化遗产的保护并不总是得到保证，许多珍贵的作品随着时间的推移已经丢失或毁坏。)”可知，文化遗产并没有得到很好的保护；而“however”则暗示空处和下文存在转折关系。选项E“This non-renewable treasure should be passed down from one generation to another. (这种不可再生的财富应该代代相传。)”说明了文化遗产应该得到保护从而代代相传，与下文文化遗产未得到很好的保护构成转折关系。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“The first step is to raise awareness about its importance. People need to understand that cultural heritage is not just a collection of old things. (第一步是提高人们对其重要性的认识。人们需要明白，文化遗产不仅仅是旧事物的集合。)”可知，我们应该提到人们对文化遗产的认识，文化遗产不仅仅是旧事物。选项B“It is also a symbol of our cultural diversity and creativity. (它也是我们文化多样性和创造力的象征。)”延续上文内容，说明文化遗产不仅仅是旧事物，还是我们文化多样性和创造力的象征。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据空前内容“Another way to protect cultural heritage is through legislation. (保护文化遗产的另一种方式是通过立法。)”可知，上文提到了保护文化遗产的一个方式是立法。选项F“Governments can establish laws and regulations to protect historic sites, buildings and artifacts. (政府可以制定法律法规来保护历史遗迹、建筑和文物。)”延续上文内容，具体阐述政府可以制定法律法规来保护文化遗产。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空前内容“Education plays a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage. Schools and universities can teach students about the value of cultural heritage and how to care for it. (教育在保护文化遗产方面起着至关重要的作用。学校和大学可以教学生文化遗产的价值以及如何保护它。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是教育机构在保护文化遗产方面可做的贡献。选项G“Museums and other cultural institutions can offer exhibitions and events that show the importance of cultural heritage. (博物馆和其他文化机构可以举办展示文化遗产重要性的展览和活动。)”延续上文内容，指的是博物馆和其他文化机构在保护遗产方面可以做的贡献。故选G。
【20题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“By raising awareness, establishing laws, educating people and using technology, we can ensure that our cultural heritage is preserved for future generations to enjoy and appreciate. (通过提高意识、制定法律、教育人民和利用技术，我们可以确保我们的文化遗产得到保护，供子孙后代欣赏和欣赏。)”可知，下文指的是保护遗产需要各方面的努力。选项C“Protecting cultural heritage requires a collective effort. (保护文化遗产需要集体努力。)”与下文内容一致，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题L5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I have always loved adventure, which is why 1 decided to climb the tallest mountain peak in my country. The challenge was ____21____, and I wanted to ____22____ my limits. Little did I know that this journey would be a life-changing experience.
My adventure began on an early morning when I met my ____23____ climbers at the base camp. The beginning of our trip was easy since we were ____24____ and had been looking forward to it for weeks. ____25____, as we climbed higher, the trek became ____26____ difficult.
We encountered (遭遇) lots of obstacles, including ____27____ temperatures, tough terrains, and unpredictable weather conditions. As we ____28____ the summit (顶峰), the path we had chosen was blocked by a large ice wall that seemed impossible to ____29____. After several _____30_____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope. His safety ropes held him from falling further down the slope, but the rest of us realized the _____31_____ of the situation.
It was a(n)_____32_____— do we continue with the climb or turn back? We had almost reached the summit, and turning back meant _____33_____ failure. We knew that the extreme cold and unpredictable weather were making it dangerous, but the dream of reaching the top kept us _____34_____.
In the end, our determination won. We came up with a plan to climb over the ice wall, which eventually _____35_____. The beautiful scenery on the top as well as a sense of achievement was the final reward. This unforgettable experience taught me never to give up easily when faced with a dilemma.
21. A. dangerous B. obvious C. demanding D. exciting
22. A. test B. examine C. recognize D. realize
23. A. serious B. friendly C. fellow D. ambitious
24. A. occupied B. devoted C. committed D. energized
25. A. Therefore B. However C. Furthermore D. Instead
26. A. continuously B. increasingly C. potentially D. frequently
27. A. freezing B. biting C. sharpening D. reducing
28. A. left B. reached C. arrived D. neared
29. A. avoid B. escape C. conquer D. survive
30. A. despairing B. exhausting C. worsening D. strengthening
31. A. gravity B. gratitude C. regulation D. regularity
32. A. decision B. determination C. dilemma D. issue
33. A. recovering B. admitting C. permitting D. approving
34. A. moved B. missed C. challenged D. inspired
35. A. paid off B. kicked off C. lived off D. gave off
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者历经艰难最终完成挑战——攀登全国最高的山峰。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项挑战要求很高，我想测试一下自己的极限。A. dangerous危险的；B. obvious明显的；C. demanding要求高的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“I have always loved adventure, which is why 1 decided to climb the tallest mountain peak in my country.”可知，作者想要攀登自己国家最高的山峰，由此可知，这项挑战的要求很高。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项挑战要求很高，我想测试一下自己极限。A. test测试；B. examine检查；C. recognize认出；D. realize意识到。根据上文“The challenge was ____1____”可知，这项挑战的要求较高，由此可知，作者也是想要测试一下自己的极限。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的冒险开始于一个清晨，当时我在大本营遇到了我的同伴们。A. serious严肃的；B. friendly友好的；C. fellow同类的；D. ambitious有抱负的。考查原词重现，根据下文“After several ____10____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope.”可知，空处指的是“fellow climbers”，意为“登山的同伴们”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的旅行开始时很轻松，因为我们精力充沛，而且已经期待了好几个星期了。A. occupied使用中的、忙碌的；B. devoted投入的；C. committed坚定的；D. energized激励的、精力充沛的。根据上文“The beginning of our trip was easy”可知，探险的一开始大家都很轻松，根据常理可知，旅行一开始，人们总是精力充沛的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着我们爬得越来越高，徒步旅行变得越来越困难。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Furthermore此外；D. Instead相反。根据上文“The beginning of our trip was easy”以及下文“as we climbed higher, the trek became ____6____ difficult”可知，两句之间存在转折关系。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着我们爬得越来越高，徒步旅行变得越来越困难。A. continuously不断地；B. increasingly越来越多地；C. potentially潜在地；D. frequently频繁地。根据上文的“as we climbed higher”以及常理可推测，爬山时，爬得越高也越困难。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词/动词词义辨析。句意：我们遇到了很多障碍，包括寒冷的气温、崎岖的地形和不可预测的天气条件。A. freezing寒冷的；B. biting刺痛的；C. sharpening使尖锐；D. reducing减少。根据下文“We knew that the extreme cold and unpredictable weather were making it dangerous”可知，作者爬山的时候天气寒冷。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近山顶时，我们选择的路被一堵巨大的冰墙挡住了，似乎无法征服。A. left离开；B. reached到达；C. arrived到达；D. neared接近。根据下文“We had almost reached the summit”可知，作者他们已经接近了山顶。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近山顶时，我们选择的路被一堵巨大的冰墙挡住了，似乎无法征服。A. avoid避免；B. escape逃避；C. conquer征服；D. survive存活。根据下文“After several ____10____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope.”以及“We came up with a plan to climb over the ice wall, which eventually ____15____.”可知，作者遇到的冰墙无法征服。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过几次筋疲力尽的尝试后，我的一个同伴滑倒了，从山坡上摔了下来。A. despairing令人绝望的；B. exhausting令人精疲力竭的；C. worsening日益恶化的；D. strengthening强化的。根据上文可知，作者他们已经快要到达山顶了，以及下文“one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope”可知，作者他们已经筋疲力尽了。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的安全绳阻止了他往下掉，但我们其他人都意识到了情况的严重性。A. gravity重力、严重性；B. gratitude感激；C. regulation规章，规则；D. regularity规律性。根据上文“After several ____10____ attempts, one of my fellow climbers slipped and fell down the mountain slope.”可知，作者的同伴从山坡上摔了下来，虽然安全绳救了他的命，但是也足以让其他人意识到情况的严重性。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个两难的选择——我们是继续爬升还是折回？A. decision决定；B. determination决心；C. dilemma困境、进退两难；D. issue议题、问题。根据下文“do we continue with the climb or turn back?”以及文章最后一句“This unforgettable experience taught me never to give up easily when faced with a dilemma.”可知，作者他们遇到了一个两难的选择。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们几乎就要到达山顶了，回头就意味着承认失败。A. recovering恢复；B. admitting承认；C. permitting允许；D. approving同意、批准。根据常理可知，作者已经快要到山顶了，因此此时如果回头就意味着承认此次挑战失败。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道极端寒冷和不可预测的天气会让它变得危险，但到达顶峰的梦想一直激励着我们。A. moved移动；B. missed错过；C. challenged挑战；D. inspired激励。根据常识可知，一个人的梦想可以激励一个人不怕困难，坚持不懈地努力下去。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们想出了一个爬过冰墙的计划，这个计划最终成功了。A. paid off得到回报、取得成功；B. kicked off开始；C. lived off依赖……生活；D. gave off散发。根据下文“The beautiful scenery on the top as well as a sense of achievement was the final reward. This unforgettable experience taught me never to give up easily when faced with a dilemma.”可知，作者以及同伴最终登上了山顶，由此可推断出，作者他们的计划最终成功了。故选A。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
For years, Meg Boggs believed the idea told ____36____ her by society: she ____37____(think)that as a plus-sized woman, she could never be fit; she could never be strong; she could never love exercise. ____38____when Meg became a mom, she decided to rethink her preconceived(先入为主的)notions and embrace her body for what it is. In Fitness for Every Body. Meg shares her personal story and inspires you ____39____(celebrate)your own body for all its ____40____(capable). ____41____(feature)a dozen step-by-step, full-body workouts, this book is more than ____42____ workout guide or a training manual(使用手册). It s a reminder that you’re more than just your weight, ____43____ you are stronger than you believe, and that just because you might not be thin, it doesn’t mean that you can’t be ____44____(athlete). Your body _____45_____(be)capable of doing incredible things - you just have to let it.
【答案】36. to 37. thought
38. But 39. to celebrate
40. capabilities
41. Featuring
42. a 43. that
44. athletic
45. is
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了Meg的新书，在书中分享了她的个人故事并激励人们为自己身体的所有能力感到庆幸。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：多年来， Meg Boggs一直相信社会告诉她的观念：她认为，作为一个大码女性，她永远不可能健康；她永远不会坚强；她永远不会喜欢运动。短语：tell sth. to sb.的被动形式，意为“告知某人某事”故填to。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：多年来， Meg Boggs一直相信社会告诉她的观念：她认为，作为一个大码女性，她永远不可能健康；她永远不会坚强；她永远不会喜欢运动。这里为谓语动词，根据下文“she could never be fit”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填thought。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：但当Meg成为母亲后，她决定重新思考自己先入为主观念，接受自己的身体。下文“when Meg became a mom, she decided to rethink her preconceived(先入为主的)notions and embrace her body for what it is.”和上文之间存在转折关系；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填But。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在《适合每个人的健身》这本书中，Meg分享了她的个人故事，并激励你庆祝自己身体的所有能力。非谓语动词担当动词“inspire”的宾语补足语，用动词的不定式形式。构成短语inspire sb. to do sth.，意为“激励某人做某事”。故填to celebrate。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在《适合每个人的健身》这本书中，Meg分享了她的个人故事，并激励你庆祝自己身体的所有能力。根据空前的“all”可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填capabilities。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书以十几个循序渐进的全身锻炼为特色，不仅仅是一本锻炼指南或训练手册。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“this book”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Featuring。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这本书以十几个循序渐进的全身锻炼为特色，不仅仅是一本锻炼指南或训练手册。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：它提醒你，你不仅仅是你的体重，你比你认为的更强壮，仅仅因为你可能不瘦，并不意味着你不能运动。名词“reminder”后接同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它提醒你，你不仅仅是你的体重，你比你认为的更强壮，仅仅因为你可能不瘦，并不意味着你不能运动。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当表语。故填athletic。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你的身体有能力做一些不可思议的事情——你只需要让它去做。考查本句谓语动词，根据下文“you just have to let it”可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“your body”单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
第四部 书面表达(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你校团委及学生会于上周五下午在学校大礼堂举办了第十届校园“十佳歌手”大赛。请你用英文写一篇文章，向校报《消息风》栏目投稿。
内容包括：
1. 举办歌手大赛的目的；
2. 简要介绍比赛的整个过程。
注意：
3. 词数80左右；
4. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：大礼堂auditorium 团委the League Committee 十佳歌手大赛the Top Ten Singers Competition
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The Top Ten Singers Competition
The Top Ten Singers Competition was held in the school auditorium last Friday afternoon.
To make our school life rich and colorful, the League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition.
Our school headmaster announced the beginning of the event at half past two. Twenty elected outstanding singers from the whole school entered the competition. They brought us not only attractive songs but also great joy and entertainment. In return, the singers received loud cheers and applause from the audience. After the winners were announced, some of the school leaders went up to the stage and awarded the winners certificates and prizes and congratulated them on their achievements.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道，要求考生写一篇关于校团委及学生会于上周五下午在学校大礼堂举办的第十届校园“十佳歌手”大赛的新闻稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
杰出的：outstanding→excellent
欢乐：joy→pleasure
宣布：announce→declare
使丰富：make...rich→enrich
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To make our school life rich and colorful, the League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition.
拓展句：The League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition, which was meant to make our school life rich and colorful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To make our school life rich and colorful, the League Committee, together with the Student Union, organized this competition.(运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] They brought us not only attractive songs but also great joy and entertainment. (运用了not only...but also固定句式)
第二节 读后续写(25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
An old wooden seat that Susan extremely valued often reminded her of mother’s Golden Rule.
Back in the 1930s, the country life was really tough. One day after dinner, Susan’s mother sat on the seat, announcing to the children the Golden Rule: “Treat others the way you want to be treated.” Susan reflected carefully and seriously on what her mother had said. She resolved that she would keep in mind and follow the rule.
One Saturday afternoon, she went to farmer Jason’s inn (小旅馆) to get the pay for her mother’s washing for the guests there, which amounted to five dollars. She found Jason in the yard, who, as all the villagers knew, was selfish and mean.
His eyes clouded with anger, as he had just finished a quarrel with one of his guests. He held in his hand an open wallet, full of bills. He barely noticed Susan until she made her request for the money. Instead of shouting at her, as usual, for troubling him when he was busy, he handed her a bank note.
Feeling relieved for escaping from Jason so easily, Susan hurried out of the inn. When carefully putting the money into her pocket, she discovered that Jason had given her two bills instead of one, and her first reaction was joy at the unexpected prize. She looked around and there was nobody nearby to share her discovery. “It is mine. All mine.” she said to herself. “I will buy mum a new coat with it, and she can give her old one to sister Mary, and then Mary can go to the Sunday school with me next winter. I wonder if I can buy a pair of shoes for brother Tom too.”
Just at that moment, she realized that Jason must have given the extra money to her by mistake, and therefore she had no right to own it. But a voice of temptation (诱惑) whispered, “He gave it, and you can keep it. He will never know, even if it is a mistake. ”
As Susan hurried home, this conflict went on in her mind.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Susan’s face became red with embarrassment and annoyance.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As Susan hurried home, this conflict went on in her mind. When she passed through the gate, her eyes fell upon the wooden seat. Instantly, the words of the Golden Rule rang in her ears. Turning around quickly, she raced along the road breathlessly until she found herself again at farmer Jason’s gate. “Why are you back again?” shouted the cold fellow angrily, as he saw Susan again at his side. “Sir, you gave me two bills, instead of one,” she said in a trembling voice. “Two bills? Did I? Let me see. Well, so I did. Why didn’t you bring it back sooner? You want to keep it yourself?” he blamed.
Susan’s face became red with embarrassment and annoyance. Tears rolling down her cheeks, she loudly argued that she returned it almost the moment she discovered the truth. Jason looked at the child, seemingly touched. Putting his hand in his pocket, he drew out a few coins and handed them to her. “No, sir. I thank you,” sobbed Susan, “I do not want to be paid for doing right. I only wish you would not think me dishonest.” After hearing this, Jason said sorry to her, ashamed. Susan returned home with a lightened heart. Never would she forget her mother’s Golden rule in her life.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了Susan在帮妈妈向Jason索要洗衣费的时候，收到了两张纸币，其中一张是Jason不小心多拿出的，在是否将这张多余的纸币据为己有的矛盾中，Susan最终选择了将其还给Jason。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：As Susan hurried home, this conflict went on in her mind. (当Susan匆忙赶回家时，这个矛盾在她的脑海里继续着。)所以应该写Susan回到家看到那把木制椅子时的感触，想到妈妈的教导，而把多余的钱还给Jason，同时应描写Jason和Susan之间关于还钱的对话，包括Jason的疑惑，质问等；第二段开头是Susan’s face became red with embarrassment and annoyance. ( Susan又尴尬又恼怒，脸都红了。) 本段应该写Susan对于Jason质问的回答，同时Jason对于Susan回答的反应，比如给与奖励，同时呼应文章主题“己所不欲勿施于人”，应描写Susan对此做出的回应，比如拒绝奖励，诚实地表达出个人的想法等。要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：1.高级词汇：fall upon on; roll down; draw out; hand sth. to sb.2.复合句式：“Why are you back again?” shouted the cold fellow angrily, as he saw Susan again at his side. (as引导时间状语从句)Tears rolling down her cheeks, she loudly argued that she returned it almost the moment she discovered the truth .(“tears rolling down her cheeks”为独立主格结构，表伴随；the moment 引导时间状语从句。)Putting his hand in his pocket, he drew out a few coins and handed them to her. (putting his hand in his pocket为现在分词作状语)Never would she forget her mother’s Golden rule in her life.(否定词置于句首，部分倒装)
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