2023年湖南省怀化市中考三模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2023年湖南省怀化市中考三模英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了 选择题的作答， 非选择题的作答， 考试结束后，将答题卡上交， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年九年级毕业会考模拟试卷
英语
（本试卷共8页，全卷满分：120分，考试用时：100分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上相应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，将答题卡上交。
Ⅰ 听力技能（三个部分，共20小题，计25分）
听音选图（共5小题，计5分）
根据你所听到的内容，选择相应的图片。
1. A. B. C.
2. A. B. C.
3. A. B. C.
4. A. B. C.
5. A. B. C.
对话理解（共10小题，计10分）
根据你所听到的对话以及针对该对话所提的问题，选出能回答该问题的最佳答案。
听下面一段对话，回答第6小题。
6. What animals does Mary want to see?
A. Pandas. B. Elephants. C. Lions.
听下面一段对话，回答第7小题。
7. How often does Tony go to the library?
A. About once a month. B. About once a week. C. About twice a month.
听下面一段对话，回答第8小题。
8. Where does Jack want to go?
A. To the zoo. B. To the cinema. C. To the bank.
听下面一段对话，回答第9小题。
9. Who bought the book for the girl?
A. Her father. B. Her brother. C. Her teacher.
听下面一段对话，回答第10小题。
10. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Waitress and customer.
C. Driver and passenger.
听下面一段对话，回答第11—12小题。
11. When does Amy go to the old people’s home?
A. On Saturday morning. B. On Saturday afternoon.
C. Driver and passenger.
12. What does she often do there?
A. Wash the clothes. B. Clean the rooms. C. Tell stories.
听下面一段对话，回答第13—15小题。
13. Why does the woman want to buy a TV set?
A. Because she has a new house. B. Because the old one is broken.
C. Because her parents need one.
14. What does the woman think of the first TV set?
A. It’s popular. B. It’s cheap. C. It’s small.
15. When will the TV set be sent?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
听写（共5小题，计10分）
根据你所听到的内容，完成下面的表格。（每空不超过三个单词）
Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store
Come and __________ your clothes at our great sale!
Clothes
Price
__________ sweaters
30 dollars
Shorts
__________ dollars
Purple __________
20 dollars
Socks
2 dollars for __________ pairs
Ⅱ 知识运用（两个部分，计20分）
单项填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. —What’s your dream, Lingling?
—I’m going to be ______ excellent teacher like Zhang Guimei.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——玲玲，你的梦想是什么？——我要成为像张桂梅一样优秀的老师。
考查冠词。此处泛指“一名老师”，且excellent以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选B。
2. When you have problems in your study or life, you can discuss them ________ your teacher.
A. with B. for C. by
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：当你在学习或生活中有问题时，你可以和你的老师讨论。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起；for为了；by通过。根据“discuss them … your teacher”可知，此处指与老师一起讨论，discuss sth with sb“与某人讨论某物”，故选A。
3. Children should learn some living skills to take good care of ________.
A. herself B. himself C. themselves
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：孩子们应该学习一些生活技能来好好照顾他们自己。
考查反身代词。herself 她自己；himself 他自己；themselves 他们自己。主语是“Children”，表示第三人称复数，可知反身代词用“themselves”。故选C。
4. —The movie The Wandering EarthⅡ (《流浪地球Ⅱ》) is wonderful.
—That’s true. So far, I ________ it twice.
A watched B. have watched C. will watch
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——电影《流浪地球2》很精彩。——这是真的。到目前为止，我已经看了两遍了。
考查时态。watched观看，动词过去式/过去分词；have watched现在完成时；will watch一般将来时。根据“So far”和语境可知，到目前为止，我已经看了两遍这部电影了，时态为现在完成时，主语为I，谓语用“have+过去分词”的形式，watched为动词watch的过去分词。故选B。
5. When spring comes, the weather gets ________.
A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当春天来到时，天气变得越来越暖和。
考查形容词比较级。warm暖和的，形容词；colder寒冷的，形容词比较级；warmer暖和的，形容词比较级。根据“When spring comes, the weather gets...”可知，春天来了，可推测天气变得越来越暖和，排除B，“形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”表示“越来越……”，为事物本身程度的逐渐变化。故选C。
6. With the introduction of the “double reduction” policy (双减政策), one of the ________ ________ that the students have less homework.
A. changes; is B. change; is C. changes; are
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：随着“双减”政策的出台，其中一个变化就是学生的作业变少了。
考查名词复数和主谓一致。one of+名词复数，排除B；one of加名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选A。
7. —Hi, Zhang Jie. Long time no see.
—Hi Wang Lei. I was on ________ in the countryside and helped Grandpa on the farm.
A. time B. vacation C. business
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——嗨，张杰。好久不见。——嗨，王磊。我在乡下度假，在农场帮爷爷干活。
考查名词辨析。time时间；vacation假期；business商业。根据“in the countryside”可知我在乡下度假，在农场帮爷爷干活。故选B。
8. —Amy, don’t forget ________ your mask (口罩) when you go out.
—Don’t worry, Mom. I will.
A. wear B. wears C. to wear
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——艾米，出门时别忘了戴口罩。——别担心，妈妈。我会的。
考查动词不定式作宾语。wear戴，动词；wears动词“三单”形式；to wear动词不定式。根据“Amy, don’t forget...your mask when you go out.”可知，固定搭配forget to do sth表示“忘记要做某事”，空处需填“不定式to+动词原形”，作宾语。故选C。
9. —How often do I need to feed the birds?
—They ________ food everyday, or they will be hungry.
A. must give B. mustn’t give C. must be given
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我需要多久喂一次这些鸟？——它们必须每天被给食物，否则它们会饿的。
考查情态动词的被动语态。must give必须给；mustn’t give千万不要给；must be given必须被给。根据句意可知，句中的主语They代指的是the birds，它和动词give构成被动关系，因此这里应填被动语态be done的结构，故选C。
10. I plan to go to the art museum, but I’m not sure ________.
A. how I can get there B. how can I get there C. how could I get there
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我计划去艺术博物馆，但我不确定怎么去。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即“引导词+主谓+...”，排除B/C选项；故选A。
完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
通读下面的短文，然后从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案填空，使短文完整通顺。
Mr. Lee and his son, Jack lived in a house with a garden. There was a ____11____ in the garden. When they went through the garden, they always tripped(绊倒) over the stone.
One day, Jack said to his father, “I ____12____ that stone. Why don’t we move it away?” Mr. Lee said, “It was there ____13____ your grandfather was alive. It is so big. We can’t move it.”
Twenty years later, Jack ____14____ and had a son. One day, Jack’s son said to him, “Look at the stone. Shall we move it?” Jack said, “That stone is too ____15____. We can’t move it.” But his son made a ____16____ to move it. He brought some tools to the garden, and dug around the stone.
Jack thought that it would take his ____17____ the whole day to move the stone. To ____18____ surprise, the little boy only ____19____ ten minutes moving it.”
Sometimes, thing are not so ____20____ as we thought. Just do it!
11. A. rock B. stone C. ball
12. A. hate B. like C. pass
13. A. if B. when C. although
14. A. looked up B. got up C. grew up
15. A. heavy B. small C. light
16. A. mistake B. decision C. mind
17. A. father B. grandfather C. son
18. A. him B. his C. her
19. A. spent B. paid C. took
20. A. easy B. hardly C. difficult
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了四代人在面对同一块巨石时所做出的不同决定，告诉我们有时候事情并不像我们看起来的那么困难，想做就去做。
11题详解】
句意：花园里有一块石头。
rock岩石；stone石头；ball球。根据“they always tripped(绊倒) over the stone.”可知，花园里有一块石头。故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：我讨厌那块石头。
hate厌恶；like喜欢；pass经过。根据“they always tripped(绊倒) over the stone.”可知，他们经常被石头绊倒，所以杰克讨厌这块石头。故选A。
【13题详解】
句意：你祖父在世的时候，它就在那里。
if如果；when当……时；although尽管。根据“It was there… your grandfather was alive.”可知，当杰克的祖父在世时，石头就在花园中，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：二十年后，杰克长大了，有了一个儿子。
looked up查阅；got up起床；grew up成长。根据“Twenty years later, Jack…and had a son.”可知，杰克过了二十年之后长大了。故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：那块石头太重了。
heavy重的；small小的；light轻的。根据“We can’t move it.”可知，石头太重了，所以杰克认为搬不动。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：他的儿子决定搬。
mistake错误；decision决定；mind思想。根据“He brought some tools to the garden, and dug around the stone.”可知，杰克的儿子决定搬这块石头。make a decision to do sth.“决定做某事”。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：杰克想他儿子要花一整天的时间才能搬动石头。
father父亲；grandfather祖父；son儿子。根据“But his son made a…to move it.”可知，杰克的儿子决定搬石头，此处指他的儿子。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：令他惊讶的是，小男孩只花了十分钟就把它搬了出来。
him他；his他的；her她的。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，此处指杰克很惊讶，应用物主代词his。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：令他惊讶的是，小男孩只花了十分钟就把它搬了出来。
spent花费，主语是人；paid支付；took花费，通常以it作形式主语。本句主语是人，指花费时间，sb. spend some time doing sth.“某人花费时间做某事”。故选A。
20题详解】
句意：有时候，事情并不像我们想象的那么困难。
easy容易的；hardly几乎不；difficult困难的。根据“Sometimes, thing are not so…as we thought.”可知，通过四代人搬石头的故事告诉我们有时候事情并不像我们看起来的那么困难。故选C。
Ⅲ 阅读技能（三个部分，计50分）
选择（共15小题，计30分）
阅读下面三篇材料，从每题所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
China has four satellite launch bases (卫星发射基地). They are Jiuquan in Gansu, Xichang in Sichuan, Taiyuan in Shanxi and Wenchang in Hainan.
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded (建立) in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China’s space industry. On April 21, 1970, China’s first man-made earth satellite was raised there. The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off (发射) from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021.
Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City, was founded in 1970. After years of development, the center has thousands of sets of excellent equipment (设备). It is known as the “Oriental Houston (东方休斯顿)”.
Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967. The center has launched China’s first weather satellite “Fengyun-1”, making nine firsts in the history of China’s satellite launches.
Wenchang Space Launch Center (founded in 2009) is now the fourth satellite launch center of China. Because it is only 19 degrees away from the equator (赤道), more rocket loads (负载) are possible, making it the center of China’s space development in the future.

21. How many satellite launch bases are there in China according to the passage?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
22. What does the underlined words “manned spacecraft” mean in Chinese?
A. 载人飞船 B. 宇宙空间站 C. 航空航天器
23. Which center is known as the “Oriental Houston”?
A Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
B. Xichang Satellite Launch Center.
C. Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center.
24. Choose the order of the foundation (成立) time of the four centers according to the following:
① Jiuquan ② Xichang ③ Taiyuan ④ Wenchang
A. ①②③④ B. ③①④② C. ①③②④
25. Which of the following is NOT right?
A. The center of Taiyuan has made nine firsts since 1967.
B. The Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off in June, 2021.
C. The center of Jiuquan has created nine proud firsts since 1968.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国四个卫星发射基地的。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“China has four satellite launch bases.”可知，中国有四个卫星发射基地。故选B。
【22题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021.”可知，长征二号F火箭携带神舟十二号载人飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心发射，manned spacecraft表示“载人飞船”。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Xichang Satellite Launch Center...It is known as the ‘Oriental Houston’.”可知，西昌卫星发射基地里有很多很好的仪器，被称为“东方休斯顿”。故选B。
【24题详解】
判断推理题。根据“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China.”和“Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City, was founded in 1970.”和“Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967.”和“Wenchang Space Launch Center (founded in 2009) is now the fourth satellite launch center of China.”可知，酒泉卫星发射基地始建于1958年；西昌卫星发射基地始建于1970年；太原卫星发射基地始建于1967年；文昌卫星发射基地始建于2009年，可推测①酒泉卫星发射基地第一个建成，③太原卫星发射基地第二个建成，②西昌卫星发射基地第三个建成，④文昌卫星发射基地第四个建成，即①③②④。故选C。
【25题详解】
判断推理题。根据“Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967...making nine firsts in the history of China’s satellite launches.”和“The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June 2021.”和“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China’s space industry. ”可知，太原卫星发射基地从1967年开始发射了中国第一个气象卫星“风云一号”，创造了中国卫星发射史上九个“第一”，可推测自1967年以来，太原卫星发射基地创造了九个“第一”；长征2F火箭装载神州12号载人飞船在2021年6月在酒泉卫星发射基地发射；酒泉卫星发射基地在1958年始建，是中国四大卫星发射基地之一，该中心创造了中国航天事业八个令人自豪的“第一”；B选项“自1968年以来，酒泉卫星发射中心已经创造了9个令人骄傲的第一。”与文章不符。故选C。
B
We know the mosquitoes very well because they fly everywhere. They can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.
No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It’s true that the male (雄性的) mosquito doesn’t bite (咬) and only the female (雌性的) mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn’t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember you are chosen. You’re different from the others!
If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch (痒) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itching begins, she has flown away.
And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.
26. “Mosquito” means ________ in Chinese.
A. 苍蝇 B. 蜻蜓 C. 蚊子
27. We know the mosquitoes very well because ________.
A. they can be found easily
B. they fly here and there
C. there are many kinds of them
28. If the mosquito doesn’t bite you, it will ________.
A. get angry with you B. be afraid of you C. choose another one
29. The mosquito bites you ________.
A. too quickly to let you know
B. when you’re asleep
C. but doesn’t like you
30. Which of the following sentences is WRONG?
A. The itching begins after the mosquito bites you.
B. All mosquitoes like to bite people for blood.
C. Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs.
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蚊子。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“If the mosquito likes you,...After she bites, you will have an itch on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood.”可知，她咬了之后，你的身体会发痒，因为她把嘴里的东西注入你的血里，此处she指代the mosquito，可推测mosquito表示“蚊子”。故选C。

【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We know the mosquitoes very well because they fly everywhere.”可知，我们非常了解蚊子是因为它们到处飞。故选B。
【28题详解】
判断推理题。跟据“But if she doesn’t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood.”可知，如果蚊子不喜欢你的血，她会为了更美味的血而寻找其他人，此处she指代the mosquito，可推测如蚊子不咬你，它会选择另一个人。故选C。
【29题详解】
判断推理题。根据“She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different.”可知，蚊子咬你的速度又快又安静，你可能感觉不到任何不同，可推测蚊子咬你的速度太快，你都感觉不到。故选A。
【30题详解】
判断推理题。根据“After she bites, you will have an itch on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood.”和“It’s true that the male mosquito doesn’t bite and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs.”可知，蚊子在咬你以后会痒，因为她把嘴里的东西注入你的血里；雄性蚊子不咬人，只有雌性蚊子才咬人，可推测不是所有的蚊子都咬人；雌性蚊子咬人是因为她需要血来产卵，可推测蚊子用血来产卵；B选项“所有的蚊子都喜欢为了血咬人。”与文章不符。故选B。
C
“Family” weights a lot in Chinese. We can see theme of “family” in many traditional festivals, for instance, Lunar New Year, the Double Ninth Festival, as also the Mid-Autumn Festival. When is the best time for us to enjoy the bright and full moon? Of course, it is the Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. We look at the moon, eat moon cakes, and get together with our families.
The moon, the key part of the festival, is special to most Chinese people. We enjoy and admire it. We use the round moon to describe reunion, that is, get together. Our respect of the moon dates back to ancient times. There is the legend of Chang’e flying to the moon—the most famous story about the moon. Many Chinese poets connect the moon with homesickness. For example, “Beside my bed a pool of light. Is it hoarfrost on the ground?” from Jing Ye Si (Thoughts in the Silent Night) by Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai. Today, the moon is still important to Chinese people. The Miao minority (少数民族) in Guizhou province has a special custom. On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, young people dance under the moon to find their other half.
However, Western people see the moon differently. In some stories, the full moon is somewhat frightened to people. The most well-known story is the werewolf. A werewolf usually looks like a human, but changes into a wolf-like creature when there is a full moon. Also, if someone is very excited or even crazy about something, other may joke, “it must be a full moon.”
31. What festival is the passage mainly about?
A. The Mid-Autumn Festival.
B. Lunar New Year.
C. The Double Ninth Festival.
32. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “reunion” in the passage?
A. 团结 B. 团聚 C. 联合
33. What does Paragraph 2 try to explain?
A. Why the moon is special to Chinese people.
B. When the story of Chang’e started.
C. How ancient poets described the moon.
34. When “it must be a full moon” is used to describe a person, the person ________.
A. likes the moon very much
B. is very excited or even crazy about something
C. is well-known to others
35. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. How the Mid-Autumn Festival Is Celebrated in China
B. Different Holiday Customs in China
C. Stories about the Full Moon in China and Western Countries
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中西方对于月亮的不同看法。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“Of course, it is the Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. We look at the moon, eat moon cakes, and get together with our families.”和全文可知，中秋节是中国最重要的节日之一，我们看月亮，吃月饼，和家人团聚，且下文通篇介绍了中西方对于月亮的不同看法，可推测这段话是关于中秋节的。故选A。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“We use the round moon to describe reunion, that is, get together.”可知，我们用圆月表示聚在一起，即用圆月形容团聚，reunion“团聚”符合语境。故选B。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“The moon, the key part of the festival, is special to most Chinese people.”和第二段整段可知，月亮是这个节日的关键部分，对大多数中国人来说是特别的；且第二段整段讲述了月亮对于中国人的意义，即第二段解释了中国人认为月亮特别的原因。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Also, if someone is very excited or even crazy about something, other may joke, ‘it must be a full moon.’”可知，若有人对某事感到非常兴奋甚至疯狂，其他人可能会开玩笑说：“一定是满月。”，可推测一个人如果对某事感到非常兴奋甚至疯狂，会用“一定是满月”来形容他/她。故选B。
【35题详解】
标题归纳题。根据全文通篇主要介绍了中国人和西方人对月亮的不同看法，即中国和西方国家关于满月的故事。故选C。
摘录（共5小题，计10分）
阅读下面的材料，然后在表格中完成内容摘要，每空不超过三个单词。
China
Almost a seventh of China has been under heavy smog. The air pollution in 20 cities has reached “danger level”. China is not alone, however. Many countries have the same situation. The air pollution is a problem from which we can’t hide.
The United States
Since the beginning of the 19th century, America has had trouble with environmental problems, air pollution in particular. Almost 60 percent of Americans live in areas, where air pollution has reached unhealthy levels. It can make people sick.
The US created the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970 and passed the Clean Air Act. Now the air quality all over the country is much cleaner, especially compared to ten years ago.
London
Yellow-grey smog was a frequent visitor to London in the 1950s and got the name “London fog”.
The heaviest, which shocked the world, was in 1952. Because of cold weather and windless conditions, polluted air covered the city. People could see something around them only in a few metres and about 4,000 people died. In 1956, London passed the Clean Air Act. It largely reduced air pollution.
New Delhi
Because New Delhi is developing fast. Its air quality is even worse than that of Chinese cities. New Delhi has done little to improve air quality in recent years. However, the city government made a few changes more than 10 years ago. They moved industry out of the city, built a subway and improved public transport.
World Battles Against Air Pollution
China
As for the air pollution, China is not ____36____, many countries have the same situation.
____37____
About 60 percent of Americans live in areas, where ____38____ has reached unhealthy levels.
The Environmental Protection Agency was created by the US in 1970.
London
In 1952, the ____39____ smog shocked the world.
New Delhi
Because New Delhi is developing fast. Its air quality is even ____40____ than that of Chinese cities.

【答案】36. alone
37. The United States
38. air pollution
39. heaviest
40. worse
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国、美国、伦敦以及新德里的空气污染情况以及各自的应对措施。
【36题详解】
根据“China is not alone, however. Many countries have the same situation.”可知，在空气污染方面，中国不是孤独的，很多国家也面临同样情况。故填alone。
【37题详解】
根据表格及文章可知，第二部分介绍了美国的空气污染情况。故填The United States。
【38题详解】
根据“Almost 60 percent of Americans live in areas, where air pollution has reached unhealthy levels.”可知，大约60%的美国人生活在空气污染已经达到不健康水平的地区。故填air pollution。
【39题详解】
根据“The heaviest, which shocked the world, was in 1952.”可知，1952年，最重的雾霾震惊了世界。故填heaviest。
【40题详解】
根据“Because New Delhi is developing fast. Its air quality is even worse than that of Chinese cities.”可知，因为新德里发展得很快。它的空气质量比中国城市还要差。故填worse。
简答（共5小题，计10分）
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
Teenagers believe anything is possible if they study hard. But they often forget to think about healthy diets (饮食), enough sleep time and exercise. In fact, these things are really important for them to keep healthy. It’s important for teenagers to get enough energy. Teenage girls need about 2,200 calories a day while boys need a bit more—doctors suggest 2,800 for teenage boys. 50% of their calories should come from healthy food—rice, vegetables and fruit. People often say “An apple a day keeps the doctor away”. Teenagers also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day.
Teenagers usually need eight to ten hours’ sleep at night, but many Chinese teenagers do not get enough sleep. A report shows that without a good night’s sleep, teenagers seem to be weaker than they should be. Too much homework is not the reason why teenagers stay up late now. Some use mobile phones late into the night. Teenagers should develop good study habits.
Exercise is something that can help them. Experts suggest that teenagers should exercise at least five times a week. They will feel relaxed when they exercise. It can even help them to sleep better at night.
41. What are important for teenagers to keep healthy?
____________________________________________
42. Who need more calories, teenage boys or teenage girls?
____________________________________________
43. How many hours’ sleep do teenagers usually need at night?
____________________________________________
44. How often should teenagers exercise?
____________________________________________
45. Can exercise help teenagers to sleep better at night?
____________________________________________
【答案】41. ①. ②. ③. Healthy diets, enough sleep time and exercise.

42. Teenage boys.

43. Eight to ten hours.
44. At least five times a week.
45. Yes, it can.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康的饮食，充足的睡眠以及锻炼对青少年保持健康的重要性。
【41题详解】
根据“But they often forget to think about healthy diets, enough sleep time and exercise. In fact, these things are really important for them to keep healthy.”可知，青少年们经常忘记考虑健康的饮食、充足的睡眠时间和锻炼，事实上，这些东西对他们保持健康非常重要，可推测健康的饮食，充足的睡眠和锻炼对青少年保持健康很重要。故填Healthy diets, enough sleep time and exercise.
【42题详解】
根据“Teenage girls need about 2,200 calories a day while boys need a bit more—doctors suggest 2,800 for teenage boys.”可知，青少年女孩每天需要大约2200卡路里，而男孩需要更多——医生建议青少年男孩需要2800卡路里，可推测青少年男孩需要更多卡路里。故填Teenage boys.
【43题详解】
根据“Teenagers usually need eight to ten hours’ sleep at night,”可知，青少年晚上通常需要八到十个小时的睡眠。故填Eight to ten hours.
【44题详解】
根据“Experts suggest that teenagers should exercise at least five times a week.”可知，专家建议青少年每周至少锻炼五次。故填At least five times a week.
【45题详解】
根据“It can even help them to sleep better at night.”可知，它甚至可以帮助他们晚上睡得更好，此处it指代Exercise，them指代teenagers。故填Yes, it can.
Ⅳ 写作技能（两个部分，共5小题和一篇作文，计25分）
完成对话（共5小题，计10分）
通读下面的对话，然后根据上下文补全对话内容。
Tom: Lisa, ____46____? I called you just now, but you didn’t answer the phone.
Lisa: I was reading a book called The Little Princess.
Tom: The Little Princess? Is it a good book?
Lisa: ____47____. I can’t even stop reading it.
Tom: ____48____?
Lisa: OK. I will lend it to you after I finish reading it.
Tom: Thank you very much. By the way, I find it hard to learn English these days. What should Ido?
Lisa: ____49____.
Tom: That’s a good idea. I will go to the library to borrow some English books. See you!
Lisa: ____50____.
【答案】46. What were you doing
47. Yes, it is
48. Could/May I read it
49. You can read more English books
50. See you/Goodbye
【解析】
【导语】本文是Tom和Lisa两人关于《小公主》的讨论。
【46题详解】
根据下文“I was reading a book called The Little Princess.”和标点提示可知，此句为疑问句，下文提到我正在读《小公主》，可推测此处是Tom询问Lisa刚才正在做什么，应为特殊疑问句，疑问词用what提问，位于句首，首字母w需大写，时态为过去进行时，用“What were/was+主语+现在分词?”的结构，主语为you，be动词用were，doing“做”为动词现在分词。故填What were you doing。
【47题详解】
根据上文“Is it a good book?”，下文“I can’t even stop reading it.”和标点提示可知，此句为陈述句，上文提到这是一本好书吗？下文说我甚至不能停止读它，可推测此处是对一般疑问句“Is it a good book?”的肯定回答，应用“yes+简略答语”，yes位于句首，首字母y需大写。故填Yes, it is。
【48题详解】
根据下文“OK. I will lend it to you after I finish reading it.”和标点提示可知，此句为疑问句，下文说我看完后会借给你，可推测此处是Tom询问是否能将这本书借给他读，表请求，可用情态动词could或may引导的一般疑问句，位于句首，首字母c或m需大写，用“Could/May+主语+谓语+其他?”的结构，主语为I，谓语动词用原形，read“读”，动词，it指代The Little Princess。故填Could/May I read it。
【49题详解】
根据上文“By the way, I find it hard to learn English these days. What should Ido?”和下文“I will go to the library to borrow some English books.”可知，此句为陈述句，上文提到我发现英语难学，询问我应该怎么做，可推测此处应为Lisa回答Tom询问的该如何学好英语的语句，又因下文说我要去图书馆借一些英文书，故此处Lisa给出的建议是你可以多读英文书。故填You can read more English books。
【50题详解】
根据上文“See you!”可知，上文说再见，可推测此处应为告别的答语，goodbye或see you表示“再见”，均与情景相符。故填See you/Goodbye。
作文（计15分）
51. 为落实国家“双减”政策，各学校均开设了课后延时服务活动，如体育活动、阅读、艺术兴趣小组及各种社团活动。这些活动不仅给我们留下了很多美好的回忆，也让我们收获很多。假如你是李华，请你以“My favorite school activity”为题写一篇短文，内容包括：你最喜欢的活动，你为什么喜欢它，你参加这项活动的收获以及你的愿望。
要求：
1. 内容可适当发挥，使行文连贯
2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、学校名称等信息；
3. 词数60—80。
参考词汇： Double Reduction Policy(双减政策) after-class service activity
My favorite school activity
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My favorite school activity
School life is very important. Thanks to Double Reduction Policy, our school succeeded in having after-class service activities this term.
My favorite club activity is the Reading Club. I love reading, so I became a member of the club. I read the four great classical Chinese novels and some history books. In my opinion, reading has changed me far more than I expected. I am not as shy as I used to be and I’m willing to try something new. Reading opens up a new world to me. What’s more, I was so lucky to make lots of friends who shared the same interest with me in the club. It not only leaves us good memories, but also makes us learn a lot.
Our school life is so rich and meaningful that I enjoy it very much. I hope the after-class service activities will be better and better.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍学校活动的重要性并引出本文主题；
第二步，介绍自己最喜欢的活动以及原因；
第三步，对学校课后活动进行评价。
[亮点词汇]
①thanks to多亏了
②a member of……的一名成员
③in my opinion在我看来
④used to do过去常常做
[高分句型]
①In my opinion, reading has changed me far more than I expected.（动名词作主语）
②What’s more, I was so lucky to make lots of friends who shared the same interest with me in the club. （who引导定语从句）