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北京市房山区2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京市房山区2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
房山区 2022-2023 学年度第一学期诊断性评价
高三英语
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a windy day. I was walking in a forest when I saw a baby squirrel (松鼠), who fell out of its nest, lying ____1____ on the ground. I tried many times to put it back, but failed. After waiting over two hours, I found it couldn’t ____2____, so I decided to take it to my home for the night.
Once at home, I realized the squirrel, who I named Cathy, was still uncomfortable. I discovered that there were some weeds on her body, so I gave her a ____3____ and got her all cleaned up. Three days later, Cathy could move in the room. To our delight, she got ____4____ to me and my family. I gave a lot of time and attention to her, and even made her a nest. Every day, I fed her a combination of healthy foods, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Under my ____5____, the baby member got better and better. Everyone who came to my home loved her, and she even ____6____ with my two dogs.
One week later, Cathy recovered ____7____. I realized it was the right time for her to leave. I ____8____ her into the wild several times, but she just kept coming back! Maybe she was so ____9____ that I saved her, and expressed it in her own way.
At last, with the help of my friend, the squirrel went into the wild. “Cathy has brought a lot of _____10_____ into my life, and it seems that she feels the same way!”
1. A. calm B. silent C. weak D. curious
2. A. wave B. see C. approach D. move
3. A. ride B. bath C. choice D. trick
4. A. ruder B. nobler C. closer D. noisier
5. A. care B. control C. guidance D. praise
6. A. put up B. got away C. broke up D. got along
7. A. completely B. differently C. anxiously D. disappointedly
8. A. risked B. threw C. hid D. released
9. A. happy B. confident C. grateful D. proud
10. A. security B. joy C. courage D. freedom
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在森林散步的时候救助了一只小松鼠的故事。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走在森林里，看到一只小松鼠从巢里掉了出来，虚弱地躺在地上。A. calm镇静的、沉着的；B. silent安静的、沉默的；C. weak虚弱的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“who fell out of its nest”及下文内容可知，从巢里掉了出来，说明小松鼠现在很虚弱。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等了两个多小时后，我发现它动不了，所以我决定把它带回家过夜。A. wave波动、招手；B. see看见；C. approach接近、走近；D. move移动、行动。根据下文“Three days later, Cathy could move in the room.”可知，小松鼠动不了了，所以需要将小松鼠带回家。故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现她身上有一些杂草，所以我给她洗了个澡，把她洗干净了。A. ride短途旅程、旅行；B. bath沐浴、洗澡；C. choice选择；D. trick技巧、花招、诡计。根据后面“got her all cleaned up”可知，将它全身清理干净，说明是给小松鼠洗了个澡。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们高兴的是，她变得与我和我的家人更亲近了。A. ruder更粗鲁的；B. nobler 更高贵的、更华丽的；C. closer更亲近的；D. noisier更吵的。根据句意及下文内容可知，此处指与我的家人“更亲近”了。故选C项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的照顾下，松鼠宝宝的身体越来越好。A. care照料、护理；B. control控制；C. guidance引导；D. praise表扬。根据前面“Every day, I fed her a combination of healthy foods, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts.”可知，每天给小松鼠喂各种吃的，说明是在我的照顾下，小松鼠变得越来越好了。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每个来我家的人都很喜欢她，她甚至和我的两条狗也相处得很好。A. put up举起、提高；B. got away逃离；C. broke up分手、打碎；D. got along相处。根据句意可知，此处表示“与我的两条狗相处得好”，get along with为固定搭配，表示“与……和睦相处”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一周后，凯茜完全康复了。A. completely完全地；B. differently不同地；C. anxiously焦急地；D. disappointedly失望地。根据后面的“I realized it was the right time for her to leave.”可知，是时候让小松鼠离开了，说明已经完全好了。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几次把她放回野外，但她总是回来！A. risked冒险；B. threw抛、丢弃；C. hid隐藏；D. released释放、松开。根据前面“I realized it was the right time for her to leave.”可知，此处是要将小松鼠放回野外。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许她很感激我救了她，并以她自己的方式表达出来。A. happy开心的、幸福的；B. confident自信的；C. grateful感激的；D. proud骄傲的、自豪的。根据后面的“I saved her, and expressed it in her own way”可知，我救了它，说明它是在用自己的方式感激我。故选C项
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜给我的生活带来了很多快乐，看来她也这么觉得！A. security安全；B. joy喜悦、快乐；C. courage勇气；D. freedom自由。根据上文“To our delight, she got ____4____ to me and my family.”以及“Everyone who came to my home loved her, and she even ____6____ with my two dogs.”可知，此处指小松鼠给我们带来了很多快乐。故选B项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Last weekend, I participated in a clean-up activity. It was organized by an organization ____11____ aimed to protect natural parks. Our team leader, Joe, ____12____ (take) us to a park outside the city. He divided us into two groups and we worked for several hours. ____13____ made us happy was that the park looked cleaner than it had looked before. It was absolutely worth our effort! There’ll be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday. I’ll join too.
【答案】11. which##that
12. took 13. What
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者参与清扫活动的经历。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它是由一个旨在保护自然公园的组织组织的。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的名词organization，这是一个定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，故可用which或that引导。故填which或that。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我们的领队乔带我们去城外的一个公园。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词，其主语为our team leader，二者之间为主动关系，用主动语态，结合上下文动词时态可知，本文通篇都在描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填took。
【13题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：使我们高兴的是公园看起来比以前干净多了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，整个从句作was的主语，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示物，应用what引导，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填What。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Chinese ____14____ (researcher) have deployed an in-situ scientific experiment station on the seabed that will enable long-term uncrewed scientific research in the deep sea. The in-situ scientific experiment station is a new deep-sea system ____15____ (suggest) by China in recent years. Usually, ____16____ (tradition) marine surveys take samples from the seabed and get them tested in the land labs. For in-situ testing in the deep sea, damage or loss of sample data due to environmental changes can ____17____ (avoid).
【答案】14. researchers
15. suggested
16. traditional
17. be avoided
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国研究人员在海底部署了原位科学实验站，使得深海科学研究成为可能，文章介绍了实验站的工作原理。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国研究人员已经在海底部署了一个原位科学实验站，这将使长期无人在深海进行科学研究成为可能。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作主语，应用名词，结合谓语动词have deployed可知，谓语为复数形式，故主语也需用复数形式。故填researchers。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：原位科学实验站是近年来中国提出的一种新型深海系统。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为a new deep-sea system，和动词suggest二者之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，此处整个分词短语作后置定语。故填suggested。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：通常，传统的海洋调查从海底采集样本，然后在陆地实验室进行测试。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的marine surveys，此处应填形容词，tradition的形容词形式为traditional，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。
【17题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：在深海进行原位测试，可以避免由于环境变化造成样品数据的损坏或丢失。分析句子可知，设空处在句中和前面的can一起构成谓语，主语为damage or loss of sample data，与avoid之间为被动关系，故此处应用被动语态be done结构。故填be avoided。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Possessing more bamboo than any other country in the world, China is known as the Kingdom of Bamboo. To the Chinese people, bamboo is the symbol of virtue. It has the title of “the gentleman of plants”. It is always ____18____ (close) related to people of positive spirit. For example, ____19____ (it) deep root symbolizes determination, and the straight and hollow stem represents straightness and modesty. Bamboo culture always plays a positive role in encouraging Chinese people to hold on when ____20____ (face) tough situations.
【答案】18. closely
19. its 20. facing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竹子在中国所象征的意义。
【18题详解】
考查副词。句意：它总是与人的积极精神密切相关。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的形容词related，故应用副词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“密切相关”，应用closely，表示“紧密地、密切地”。故填closely。
【19题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，它的深根象征决心，而直而中空的茎代表正直和谦虚。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的deep root，结合句意及提示词可知，此处表示“它的深根”，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：竹文化一直在鼓励中国人面对困难时坚持不懈地发挥着积极的作用。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为Chinese people，二者之间为主动关系，应用现在分词doing；此处是一个when引导的时间状语从句的省略，原句应为when they are facing tough situations，此处将主语和be动词省略了。故填facing。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Bishan Library (Singapore)
Built in 2006, this library with skylights and trellises, is meant to invoke a modern glass treehouse. Glass pods of varying colors stick out of the building randomly to create cozy yet airy corners for reading throughout the building. At the same time, a more open-plan children’s room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from filtering upward and disturbing those concentrating in the lofty perches above.
Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)
Opened in 2011, this nine-story public library is characterized by its attractive white color scheme (lit by blue light at night), its bold cubic shape. This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.
The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya)
To combat low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a roaming library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region’s nomadic people. With more funding, they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the books they carry.
Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)
A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.
21. Which of the following can offer the service of lending artwork?
A. Bishan Library. B. Stuttgart City Library.
C. The Camel Library Service. D. Macquarie University Library.
22. What can we know about the Macquarie University Library?
A. It is intelligent and environmentally-friendly.
B. It has a green roof and a eucalyptus tree outside.
C. It is like a modern glass treehouse with skylights.
D. It opens four days a week serving the local people.
23. According to the passage, the four libraries are all designed to ________.
A. prevent noise
B. recycle old books
C. encourage reading
D. present beautiful appearances
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆，其目的是鼓励人们阅读。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)中的“This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.(这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放，光线充足，可以从四面进入，人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。)”可知，人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)中的“A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.(这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完美结合，由回收材料建造，有绿色屋顶，设计模仿桉树的外观。它也是最先进的，使用机器人起重机将所需的书籍送到前台。)”可知，Macquarie University Library将尖端技术与可持续理念完美结合，由机器人起重机将所需书籍送到前台。由此可知，该图书馆非常智能，对环境也很友好。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.(有些图书馆以独特的建筑外观吸引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书，或通过流动图书馆服务，将书籍带给不便于到馆的读者。无论方式如何，这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅读的魔力经久不衰。)”可知，文章介绍的这些图书馆归根结底都有一个目的，就是吸引读者阅读、鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。
B
Influenced by her family, Xu started to learn the craft of making Chinese knots at home, but didn’t expect the pastime to change her life at first. Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been devoted to developing the craft since then.
As a fan of photography, she often took photos of dragonflies, butterflies and flowers around a lake not far from her home, then she made knots resembling them, and posted the photos on a website. That attracted the attention of some people.
As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.
“Showing Chinese culture through traditional Chinese crafts—that is the original aspiration for me as an inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage,” says Xu. She has made more than 3,000 designs, and even opened two offline branch stores. Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.
Chen, an online follower, has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates. “Influenced by Xu’s work, I learn the craft to cultivate my temperament, and I also teach children to better understand Chinese culture,” says Chen. “Chinese culture is popular in the UAE, and I often make some knots with Chinese elements for local people as gifts.”
Xu has also been generous in helping others. She taught this art to workers who lost their jobs in her hometown, allowing them to master a skill from which they could earn an income. Students and people with disabilities were also beneficiaries. Indeed, more than 20 people with disabilities now actually work for her.
Despite the success of her career, Xu says working on the craft has benefited her more in a spiritual way. “Tying knots requires concentration, and you must not be distracted during the process. It has trained me to deal with matters in a calm, peaceful and rational way,” says Xu. “I believe the life of one person is short, and you have the right to decide how to spend it.”
24. With the knowledge of design, Xu can ________.
A. post plenty of attractive photos on the website
B. draw the Peking Opera characters more vividly
C. make many creative knots related to Chinese culture
D. take many professional photos of animals and flowers
25. What can we learn about Xu?
A. She plans to open more offline branch stores abroad.
B. She designs products with a focus on people’s everyday needs.
C. She is well-known for teaching how to make knots in the UAE.
D. She wants to help disabled students improve their concentration.
26. According to the passage, which of the following words can best describe Xu?
A. Honest and easy-going. B. Modest and strong-willed.
C. Humorous and hard-working. D. Innovative and kind-hearted.
27. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Traditional Chinese Crafts Go Global
B. Chinese Knot-making, a Skill Not to be Ignored
C. Traditional Chinese Culture Becomes Fashionable
D. Chinese Knot-making, a Chance for the Unemployed
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了从小受家庭影响的徐，在家制作中国结，并根据自己拍摄的照片编制中国结获得大众喜爱，同时利用自己的广告设计专业优势进行创新，弘扬中国传统文化，成为非物质文化遗产继承人，帮助同乡的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（作为一名广告设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段后两句“Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.”（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说：“我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。”）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人。由文章倒数第二段的首句“Xu has also been generous in helping others.”（徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。）可知，徐是一位热心的人。故选D项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。文章讲述徐先生因为中国结去的事业上的成就，，中国结在阿联酋得到欢迎，以及徐先生教授一些弱势群体通过中国结过得收入。可以推知本篇文章主要突显中国结这项技艺十分重要，应该得以继续传承。结合选项。B选项：中国结制作，一项不容忽视的技能。符合文章的总结概括。故选B。
C
With the development of technology, “paperless” seems to be the new trend. Instead of writing by hand, people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly. Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier. Will handwriting be completely replaced by typing?
A 2017 study in the journal Frontiers in Psychology found that regions of the brain associated with learning were more active when subjects completed a task by hand instead of on a keyboard. Not only that, but the study’s authors also found that writing by hand could promote “deep encoding or processing” in a way that typing does not.
In fact, there have been many such studies to arrive at that conclusion. One notable example from 2014 compared students who took notes by hand with those who took notes on laptops. They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word, while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content and “processing information and reframing it in their own words.” When asked conceptual questions about the lecture, students who had taken notes by hand were better able to answer than those who had typed their notes.
Daniel Oppenheimer, one of the study’s co-authors, told Medium’s Elemental that in order to analyze the lecture, people had to contemplate the material and actually understand the arguments. This helped them learn the material better. The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.
Virginia Berninger a professor at the University of Washington, says, “When we write a letter of the alphabet, the process of production involves pathways in the brain that go near or through parts that manage emotion.” Pressing a key doesn’t stimulate those pathways the same way. She says, “It’s possible that there’s not the same connection to the emotional part of the brain when people type, as opposed to writing in longhand.” “In the same vein, writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say,” Oppenheimer says, “which may help self-expression.”
Our keyboards are great for a lot of things. But sometimes, there’s no replacing the feeling of spreading out a clean sheet of paper, uncapping a beloved pen, and letting the ink flow.
28. The author uses the question underlined in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A. predict the ending B. introduce the topic
C. emphasize an opinion D. draw a conclusion
29. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. People who write by hand tend to think deeply.
B. People who write by hand are likely to make comparisons.
C. People who write by hand slow down their learning process.
D. People who write by hand find it difficult to improve their memory.
30. As for handwriting, the author thinks it is ________.
A. accurate B. unimportant C. annoying D. beneficial
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章开篇提出随着科技的发展，无纸化已经成为了一种新趋势，问手写会不会完全被打字替代，然后举例说明了手写带来的好处，认为手写是有益的。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“With the development of technology, “paperless” seems to be the new trend. Instead of writing by hand, people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly. Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier. Will handwriting be completely replaced by typing?(随着科技的发展，“无纸化”似乎是一种新的趋势。人们开始用电脑打字来代替手写，以便快速生成文本。一些人说，文字处理使文本的制作和编辑变得更加容易。手写会被打字完全取代吗?)”可知，文章开篇提出了“无纸化”是一种新趋势，然后以设问“手写会完全被打字取代吗？”；结合下文内容可知，文章第二、三、四、五段都分别举了例子来进行反驳；由此可推知，第一段最后一句的设问是为了引出话题。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Not only that, but the study’s authors also found that writing by hand could promote “deep encoding or processing” in a way that typing does not.(不仅如此，该研究的作者还发现，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”，而打字则不行。)”可知，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”；第三段中的“They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word, while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content and “processing information and reframing it in their own words.”(他们发现，使用笔记本电脑的学生倾向于逐字逐句地记下教授所说的内容，而用手记笔记的学生更倾向于倾听教授所说的内容，分析其中的重要内容，“处理信息并用自己的话重新组织。”)”可知，用手写记笔记的学生更倾向“处理信息并用自己的话重新组织”；第四段中的“The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.(手写最让人讨厌的地方，也是它对学习如此有效的原因。)”可知，手写对学习很有效；第五段中的““In the same vein, writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say,” Oppenheimer says, “which may help self-expression.”(奥本海默说：“同样，手写也能让人们真正明白自己想说什么，这可能有助于自我表达。”)”可知，手写能让人真正明白自己想说什么，有助于自我表达。由此可知，手写其实比打字更能让人深度思考。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Our keyboards are great for a lot of things. But sometimes, there’s no replacing the feeling of spreading out a clean sheet of paper, uncapping a beloved pen, and letting the ink flow.(我们的键盘在很多方面都很好用。但有时候，摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无与伦比的。)”可知，作者认为虽然键盘很好用，但摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无与伦比的。由此可知，作者认为手写是有益的，故选D项。
D
Of all the weird and wonderful creatures living under the sea, perhaps the strangest are jellyfish—those rubbery, cone-shaped creatures found floating in the water, their long tentacles trailing behind.
Some jellyfish species have a bad reputation for scaring away tourists, clogging up fishing nets, and even blocking power station pipes. But with more and more plastic rubbish ending up in the sea, these days you’re as likely to swim into a plastic bag as a jellyfish. Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.
In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. These plastics are not visible to the eye and aren’t caught by seawater treatment plants due to their small size, so they enter our system and harm our health. They’ve been found in many places—in Arctic ice, at the bottom of the sea and even inside animals. Slovenian scientist, Dr Ana Rotter, heads GoJelly, a European research team of jellyfish ecologists looking into the problem.
Microplastics, plastics in general, are becoming an increasing problem. Dr Ana Rotter says when she was a child, people were more environmentally friendly—not harmful to the environment or having the least possible impact on it. At that time, there were very few single-use plastics—plastic items, like spoons and forks, designed to be used just once, then thrown away. The situation since then has changed dramatically. In fact, there’s been such an increase in microplastics that today the UN lists plastic pollution as one of the world’s top environmental threats.
But how do jellyfish fit into the story? Well, it’s the ‘jelly’ part of jellyfish, and specifically their sticky, jelly-like mucus that is key. Jellyfish produce a thick, sticky liquid called mucus. Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances. One of the substances jellyfish mucus absorbs are the particles that make up microplastics.
Dr Rotter’s research is still in the early stages but it’s hoped that jellyfish mucus could hold the key to a future free of microplastic polluted oceans. Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea. By trapping these, the mucus acts like a magnet—an object that attracts certain materials, like metal, but in this case, microplastic waste.
31. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________.
A. where microplastics can be found
B. why microplastics can harm our health
C. what problems the seas and oceans are facing
D. how the research was carried out by the scientist
32. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Jellyfish species cause a great threat to the sea.
B. Jellyfish species like to swim and live in plastic bags.
C. Jellyfish mucus can attract metals and break them down.
D. Jellyfish mucus can absorb liquids and some other substances.
33. What does the underlined word “properties” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A. Qualities. B. Substances. C. Choices. D. Materials.
34. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To show the harm that sea and ocean pollution brings to human beings.
B. To introduce the living habits of the weird and wonderful creatures in the sea.
C. To provide a new method for collecting data on environmental threats in the sea.
D. To inform a promising scientific finding for dealing with plastic pollution in the sea.
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多，科学家们正试图通过水母的黏液研究解决海洋中微塑料的方法。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. (近年来，被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重大问题)”可知，本段主要介绍了微塑料近年来已经成为世界海洋面临的一个重大问题。由此可推知，本段主要介绍了世界海洋面临的问题。故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances.( 安娜·罗特博士发现这种粘液有很强的吸收能力——它可以吸收液体和其他物质)”可知，水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故选D项。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第六段中的“Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea.(科学家们希望黏液的吸收特性——它吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力——能让它捕获漂浮在海里的塑料颗粒)”可知，absorptive properties与后面的its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them为同义表达，此处表示“吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力”，由此可推知，此处指“吸收特性”，properties为property的复数形式，原意为“特性”，与quality互为同义表达。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章开篇通过水母引出话题，第二段“Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.(现在，科学研究发现，这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方案)”提到了水母这种生物可能为塑料污染问题提供解决方案；第三、四、五、六段介绍了Ana Rotter博士利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相关研究。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研究。故选D项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work. ____35____
Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us. ____36____ It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.
____37____ When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself. Now try to apply that advice to yourself.
Keeping moving is also a good way. When people get up and move, they tend to be happier than when they are still. We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness. ____38____ Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.
It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others. ____39____ Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.
Happiness often comes from within. When you are happy, anything is possible. Happy people don’t have the best of everything; they make the best of what they have.
A. The first secret is to enjoy simple things in life.
B. Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.
C. Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.
D. You can forget about your problems, and turn to your friends for help.
E. Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.
F. Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.
G. People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.
【答案】35. E 36. F 37. B 38. C 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是幸福，幸福从哪里来，怎么获得幸福。
【35题详解】
上文“Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work.(幸福被认为是生活中非常重要的。它是如此强大，以至于它影响着你生活中的许多事情——睡眠、人际关系、健康、学习和工作。)”提到了幸福的重要性，影响着生活中许多东西；下文“Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求，此处开始介绍获得幸福的方式。由此可推知，设空处为过渡句，需要引出下文。E项“Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.(幸福不是现成的，而是来自于你自己的行动。)”恰好能引出下文。故选E项。
【36题详解】
上文“Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求；下文“It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.(设定目标并遵循可行的计划来实现它们是很有必要的，这可以增强你的自信，减少压力和焦虑。)”提到了设定目标并按可行的计划来实现很有必要。由此可推知，此处与“按照计划设定目标”息息相关，F项“Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.(设定目标很重要，因为它勾勒出了你想象的生活的轮廓。)”与上下文对应，故选F项。
37题详解】
设空处位于段首，需能概括本段内容；下文“When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself.(当你对自己感到消极时，问问自己，你会给一个对自己失望的朋友什么建议。)”提到了当对自己感到消极时，问问自己会给对自己失望的朋友什么建议。由此可推知，本段重点强调“自己”，把自己当成朋友。B项“Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.(有时候，你需要像对待朋友一样对待自己。)”与下文对应。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据段首句“Keeping moving is also a good way.(保持运动也是一个好方法)”可知，本段与运动息息相关；上文“We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness.(我们不知道运动是否会让你快乐，或者快乐的人只是多运动，但我们知道更多的运动与更好的健康和更大的快乐相伴而生。)”提到了运动与健康和快乐相伴；下文“Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.(阳光也有影响。花时间在户外或有自然光的地方生活。)”提到了去户外或有自然光的地方生活。由此可知，此处是建议去户外运动。C项“Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.(研究也表明，花时间在大自然中对你有好处。)”与上下文对应。故选C项。
【39题详解】
上文“It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others.(毫无疑问，我们的幸福是与他人的幸福联系在一起的。)”提到了我们的幸福与他人的幸福有关；下文“Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.(幸福是会传染的，所以和幸福的、支持你的、能给你积极反馈的人呆在一起。)”提到了幸福会传染；由此可推知，此处是在建议和幸福的人待在一起。G项“People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.(被快乐的人包围的人更有可能变得快乐。)”与上下文对应。故选G项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in China, running from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south. It stretches for nearly 3,200 kilometers and passes through eight of the country’s provinces and municipalities.
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, the canal is the longest and oldest artificial river in the world. It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal is 82 km long. Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
The city government has unveiled two development plans: the first is an implementation plan for the protection, inheritance and utilization of the canal’s cultural values; the second is a construction plan for building a Grand Canal-themed national cultural park.
The plan sets up three implementation milestones in the next five years. In 2020, efforts have been made to lay a firm foundation for the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, with the Tongzhou section of the canal open to navigation and a management mechanism of the park established. By 2023, significant progress is expected to be made in coordinating the protection and utilization of cultural resources along the canal, with the national cultural park basically set up. By 2025, the park will become a new cultural landmark in Beijing. The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development. Cities along the canal by then will welcome further coordinated or integrated development.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal, a valued asset for the capital, is marked out as a river boasting rich cultural resources, ecological value, social benefits and economic potential. The capital is set to roll out more measures to bring out the best in the canal.
40. According to the passage, what roles has the Grand Canal played?
________________
41. What does the Beijing government consider a top priority for protection along the Grand Canal?
________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks, the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.
________________
43. There are many UNESCO World Heritage sites in China. What can we do to protect them?(In about 40 words)
________________
【答案】40. The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability.
41. Cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
42. The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
43. To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河在国内外的重要地位以及北京政府对于京杭大运河北京段未来的两个发展计划。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.（它在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用并在今天被用作主要的交通手段。）”可知，京杭大运河在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用，故答案为The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.（沿河两岸的文物和遗迹是文化重要的标志并且被当地政府视为保护的重中之重。）”可知，当地政府视为保护的重中之重的部分是京杭大运河两岸的文物和遗迹，故答案为Cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第五段“The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.（随着沿河两岸的文化资源保护和生态保护有了显著的改善，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业发展的改善。）”可知，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业的改善，推断出划线部分中工业得到改善是错误的。故答案为The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan, The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
【43题详解】
开放性试题。题目要求写出对于世界文化遗产的保护措施，可以从利用媒体唤起人们的保护意识，利用法律约束和学校教育三个方面入手，故答案为To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.
第二节(20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 说明写信原因；
2. 介绍你的相关经验和优势；
3. 希望能被录用。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
Knowing English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position. I am a Senior 3 student in Hongxing Middle School, and I believe I am qualified for the position. These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, which makes me confident with my communication skills in English. Besides, as a fan of Chinese ancient history, I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when introducing the Forbidden City to foreign guests. I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.
Thank you for your consideration
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇属于应用文，要求考生给首都博物馆写信申请成为该馆暑期英文讲解志愿者，介绍自己的优势和经验。
【详解】1.词汇积累
胜任的：qualified→competent
此外：besides→what’s more
确信的：sure→certain
有用的：helpful→useful
提供：offer→provide
机会：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position.
拓展句：As I know English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position.
【点睛】【高分句型1】These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, which makes me confident with my communication skills in English.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, as a fan of Chinese ancient history, I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when introducing the Forbidden City to foreign guests.（when引导的时间状语从句的省略）
【高分句型3】I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
房山区 2022-2023 学年度第一学期诊断性评价
高三英语
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a windy day. I was walking in a forest when I saw a baby squirrel (松鼠), who fell out of its nest, lying ____1____ on the ground. I tried many times to put it back, but failed. After waiting over two hours, I found it couldn’t ____2____, so I decided to take it to my home for the night.
Once at home, I realized the squirrel, who I named Cathy, was still uncomfortable. I discovered that there were some weeds on her body, so I gave her a ____3____ and got her all cleaned up. Three days later, Cathy could move in the room. To our delight, she got ____4____ to me and my family. I gave a lot of time and attention to her, and even made her a nest. Every day, I fed her a combination of healthy foods, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Under my ____5____, the baby member got better and better. Everyone who came to my home loved her, and she even ____6____ with my two dogs.
One week later, Cathy recovered ____7____. I realized it was the right time for her to leave. I ____8____ her into the wild several times, but she just kept coming back! Maybe she was so ____9____ that I saved her, and expressed it in her own way.
At last, with the help of my friend, the squirrel went into the wild. “Cathy has brought a lot of _____10_____ into my life, and it seems that she feels the same way!”
1. A. calm B. silent C. weak D. curious
2. A. wave B. see C. approach D. move
3. A. ride B. bath C. choice D. trick
4. A. ruder B. nobler C. closer D. noisier
5. A. care B. control C. guidance D. praise
6. A. put up B. got away C. broke up D. got along
7. A. completely B. differently C. anxiously D. disappointedly
8. A. risked B. threw C. hid D. released
9. A. happy B. confident C. grateful D. proud
10. A. security B. joy C. courage D. freedom
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在森林散步的时候救助了一只小松鼠的故事。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走在森林里，看到一只小松鼠从巢里掉了出来，虚弱地躺在地上。A. calm镇静的、沉着的；B. silent安静的、沉默的；C. weak虚弱的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“who fell out of its nest”及下文内容可知，从巢里掉了出来，说明小松鼠现在很虚弱。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等了两个多小时后，我发现它动不了，所以我决定把它带回家过夜。A. wave波动、招手；B. see看见；C. approach接近、走近；D. move移动、行动。根据下文“Three days later, Cathy could move in the room.”可知，小松鼠动不了了，所以需要将小松鼠带回家。故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现她身上有一些杂草，所以我给她洗了个澡，把她洗干净了。A. ride短途旅程、旅行；B. bath沐浴、洗澡；C. choice选择；D. trick技巧、花招、诡计。根据后面“got her all cleaned up”可知，将它全身清理干净，说明是给小松鼠洗了个澡。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们高兴的是，她变得与我和我的家人更亲近了。A. ruder更粗鲁的；B. nobler 更高贵的、更华丽的；C. closer更亲近的；D. noisier更吵的。根据句意及下文内容可知，此处指与我的家人“更亲近”了。故选C项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的照顾下，松鼠宝宝的身体越来越好。A. care照料、护理；B. control控制；C. guidance引导；D. praise表扬。根据前面“Every day, I fed her a combination of healthy foods, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts.”可知，每天给小松鼠喂各种吃的，说明是在我的照顾下，小松鼠变得越来越好了。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每个来我家的人都很喜欢她，她甚至和我的两条狗也相处得很好。A. put up举起、提高；B. got away逃离；C. broke up分手、打碎；D. got along相处。根据句意可知，此处表示“与我的两条狗相处得好”，get along with为固定搭配，表示“与……和睦相处”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一周后，凯茜完全康复了。A. completely完全地；B. differently不同地；C. anxiously焦急地；D. disappointedly失望地。根据后面的“I realized it was the right time for her to leave.”可知，是时候让小松鼠离开了，说明已经完全好了。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几次把她放回野外，但她总是回来！A. risked冒险；B. threw抛、丢弃；C. hid隐藏；D. released释放、松开。根据前面“I realized it was the right time for her to leave.”可知，此处是要将小松鼠放回野外。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许她很感激我救了她，并以她自己的方式表达出来。A. happy开心的、幸福的；B. confident自信的；C. grateful感激的；D. proud骄傲的、自豪的。根据后面的“I saved her, and expressed it in her own way”可知，我救了它，说明它是在用自己的方式感激我。故选C项
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜给我的生活带来了很多快乐，看来她也这么觉得！A. security安全；B. joy喜悦、快乐；C. courage勇气；D. freedom自由。根据上文“To our delight, she got ____4____ to me and my family.”以及“Everyone who came to my home loved her, and she even ____6____ with my two dogs.”可知，此处指小松鼠给我们带来了很多快乐。故选B项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Last weekend, I participated in a clean-up activity. It was organized by an organization ____11____ aimed to protect natural parks. Our team leader, Joe, ____12____ (take) us to a park outside the city. He divided us into two groups and we worked for several hours. ____13____ made us happy was that the park looked cleaner than it had looked before. It was absolutely worth our effort! There’ll be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday. I’ll join too.
【答案】11. which##that
12. took 13. What
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者参与清扫活动的经历。
【11题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它是由一个旨在保护自然公园的组织组织的。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的名词organization，这是一个定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，故可用which或that引导。故填which或that。
【12题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我们的领队乔带我们去城外的一个公园。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词，其主语为our team leader，二者之间为主动关系，用主动语态，结合上下文动词时态可知，本文通篇都在描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填took。
【13题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：使我们高兴的是公园看起来比以前干净多了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，整个从句作was的主语，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示物，应用what引导，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填What。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Chinese ____14____ (researcher) have deployed an in-situ scientific experiment station on the seabed that will enable long-term uncrewed scientific research in the deep sea. The in-situ scientific experiment station is a new deep-sea system ____15____ (suggest) by China in recent years. Usually, ____16____ (tradition) marine surveys take samples from the seabed and get them tested in the land labs. For in-situ testing in the deep sea, damage or loss of sample data due to environmental changes can ____17____ (avoid).
【答案】14. researchers
15. suggested
16. traditional
17. be avoided
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国研究人员在海底部署了原位科学实验站，使得深海科学研究成为可能，文章介绍了实验站的工作原理。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国研究人员已经在海底部署了一个原位科学实验站，这将使长期无人在深海进行科学研究成为可能。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作主语，应用名词，结合谓语动词have deployed可知，谓语为复数形式，故主语也需用复数形式。故填researchers。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：原位科学实验站是近年来中国提出的一种新型深海系统。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为a new deep-sea system，和动词suggest二者之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，此处整个分词短语作后置定语。故填suggested。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：通常，传统的海洋调查从海底采集样本，然后在陆地实验室进行测试。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的marine surveys，此处应填形容词，tradition的形容词形式为traditional，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。
【17题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：在深海进行原位测试，可以避免由于环境变化造成样品数据的损坏或丢失。分析句子可知，设空处在句中和前面的can一起构成谓语，主语为damage or loss of sample data，与avoid之间为被动关系，故此处应用被动语态be done结构。故填be avoided。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Possessing more bamboo than any other country in the world, China is known as the Kingdom of Bamboo. To the Chinese people, bamboo is the symbol of virtue. It has the title of “the gentleman of plants”. It is always ____18____ (close) related to people of positive spirit. For example, ____19____ (it) deep root symbolizes determination, and the straight and hollow stem represents straightness and modesty. Bamboo culture always plays a positive role in encouraging Chinese people to hold on when ____20____ (face) tough situations.
【答案】18. closely
19. its 20. facing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竹子在中国所象征的意义。
【18题详解】
考查副词。句意：它总是与人的积极精神密切相关。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的形容词related，故应用副词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“密切相关”，应用closely，表示“紧密地、密切地”。故填closely。
【19题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，它的深根象征决心，而直而中空的茎代表正直和谦虚。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的deep root，结合句意及提示词可知，此处表示“它的深根”，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：竹文化一直在鼓励中国人面对困难时坚持不懈地发挥着积极的作用。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为Chinese people，二者之间为主动关系，应用现在分词doing；此处是一个when引导的时间状语从句的省略，原句应为when they are facing tough situations，此处将主语和be动词省略了。故填facing。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Bishan Library (Singapore)
Built in 2006, this library with skylights and trellises, is meant to invoke a modern glass treehouse. Glass pods of varying colors stick out of the building randomly to create cozy yet airy corners for reading throughout the building. At the same time, a more open-plan children’s room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from filtering upward and disturbing those concentrating in the lofty perches above.
Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)
Opened in 2011, this nine-story public library is characterized by its attractive white color scheme (lit by blue light at night), its bold cubic shape. This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.
The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya)
To combat low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a roaming library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region’s nomadic people. With more funding, they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the books they carry.
Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)
A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.
21. Which of the following can offer the service of lending artwork?
A. Bishan Library. B. Stuttgart City Library.
C. The Camel Library Service. D. Macquarie University Library.
22. What can we know about the Macquarie University Library?
A. It is intelligent and environmentally-friendly.
B. It has a green roof and a eucalyptus tree outside.
C. It is like a modern glass treehouse with skylights.
D. It opens four days a week serving the local people.
23. According to the passage, the four libraries are all designed to ________.
A. prevent noise
B. recycle old books
C. encourage reading
D. present beautiful appearances
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆，其目的是鼓励人们阅读。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)中的“This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.(这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放，光线充足，可以从四面进入，人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。)”可知，人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)中的“A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.(这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完美结合，由回收材料建造，有绿色屋顶，设计模仿桉树的外观。它也是最先进的，使用机器人起重机将所需的书籍送到前台。)”可知，Macquarie University Library将尖端技术与可持续理念完美结合，由机器人起重机将所需书籍送到前台。由此可知，该图书馆非常智能，对环境也很友好。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.(有些图书馆以独特的建筑外观吸引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书，或通过流动图书馆服务，将书籍带给不便于到馆的读者。无论方式如何，这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅读的魔力经久不衰。)”可知，文章介绍的这些图书馆归根结底都有一个目的，就是吸引读者阅读、鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。
B
Influenced by her family, Xu started to learn the craft of making Chinese knots at home, but didn’t expect the pastime to change her life at first. Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been devoted to developing the craft since then.
As a fan of photography, she often took photos of dragonflies, butterflies and flowers around a lake not far from her home, then she made knots resembling them, and posted the photos on a website. That attracted the attention of some people.
As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.
“Showing Chinese culture through traditional Chinese crafts—that is the original aspiration for me as an inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage,” says Xu. She has made more than 3,000 designs, and even opened two offline branch stores. Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.
Chen, an online follower, has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates. “Influenced by Xu’s work, I learn the craft to cultivate my temperament, and I also teach children to better understand Chinese culture,” says Chen. “Chinese culture is popular in the UAE, and I often make some knots with Chinese elements for local people as gifts.”
Xu has also been generous in helping others. She taught this art to workers who lost their jobs in her hometown, allowing them to master a skill from which they could earn an income. Students and people with disabilities were also beneficiaries. Indeed, more than 20 people with disabilities now actually work for her.
Despite the success of her career, Xu says working on the craft has benefited her more in a spiritual way. “Tying knots requires concentration, and you must not be distracted during the process. It has trained me to deal with matters in a calm, peaceful and rational way,” says Xu. “I believe the life of one person is short, and you have the right to decide how to spend it.”
24. With the knowledge of design, Xu can ________.
A. post plenty of attractive photos on the website
B. draw the Peking Opera characters more vividly
C. make many creative knots related to Chinese culture
D. take many professional photos of animals and flowers
25. What can we learn about Xu?
A. She plans to open more offline branch stores abroad.
B. She designs products with a focus on people’s everyday needs.
C. She is well-known for teaching how to make knots in the UAE.
D. She wants to help disabled students improve their concentration.
26. According to the passage, which of the following words can best describe Xu?
A. Honest and easy-going. B. Modest and strong-willed.
C. Humorous and hard-working. D. Innovative and kind-hearted.
27. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Traditional Chinese Crafts Go Global
B. Chinese Knot-making, a Skill Not to be Ignored
C. Traditional Chinese Culture Becomes Fashionable
D. Chinese Knot-making, a Chance for the Unemployed
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了从小受家庭影响的徐，在家制作中国结，并根据自己拍摄的照片编制中国结获得大众喜爱，同时利用自己的广告设计专业优势进行创新，弘扬中国传统文化，成为非物质文化遗产继承人，帮助同乡的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（作为一名广告设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段后两句“Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people’s needs in daily life,” says Xu.”（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说：“我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。”）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人。由文章倒数第二段的首句“Xu has also been generous in helping others.”（徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。）可知，徐是一位热心的人。故选D项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。文章讲述徐先生因为中国结去的事业上的成就，，中国结在阿联酋得到欢迎，以及徐先生教授一些弱势群体通过中国结过得收入。可以推知本篇文章主要突显中国结这项技艺十分重要，应该得以继续传承。结合选项。B选项：中国结制作，一项不容忽视的技能。符合文章的总结概括。故选B。
C
With the development of technology, “paperless” seems to be the new trend. Instead of writing by hand, people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly. Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier. Will handwriting be completely replaced by typing?
A 2017 study in the journal Frontiers in Psychology found that regions of the brain associated with learning were more active when subjects completed a task by hand instead of on a keyboard. Not only that, but the study’s authors also found that writing by hand could promote “deep encoding or processing” in a way that typing does not.
In fact, there have been many such studies to arrive at that conclusion. One notable example from 2014 compared students who took notes by hand with those who took notes on laptops. They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word, while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content and “processing information and reframing it in their own words.” When asked conceptual questions about the lecture, students who had taken notes by hand were better able to answer than those who had typed their notes.
Daniel Oppenheimer, one of the study’s co-authors, told Medium’s Elemental that in order to analyze the lecture, people had to contemplate the material and actually understand the arguments. This helped them learn the material better. The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.
Virginia Berninger a professor at the University of Washington, says, “When we write a letter of the alphabet, the process of production involves pathways in the brain that go near or through parts that manage emotion.” Pressing a key doesn’t stimulate those pathways the same way. She says, “It’s possible that there’s not the same connection to the emotional part of the brain when people type, as opposed to writing in longhand.” “In the same vein, writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say,” Oppenheimer says, “which may help self-expression.”
Our keyboards are great for a lot of things. But sometimes, there’s no replacing the feeling of spreading out a clean sheet of paper, uncapping a beloved pen, and letting the ink flow.
28. The author uses the question underlined in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A. predict the ending B. introduce the topic
C. emphasize an opinion D. draw a conclusion
29. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. People who write by hand tend to think deeply.
B. People who write by hand are likely to make comparisons.
C. People who write by hand slow down their learning process.
D. People who write by hand find it difficult to improve their memory.
30. As for handwriting, the author thinks it is ________.
A. accurate B. unimportant C. annoying D. beneficial
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章开篇提出随着科技的发展，无纸化已经成为了一种新趋势，问手写会不会完全被打字替代，然后举例说明了手写带来的好处，认为手写是有益的。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“With the development of technology, “paperless” seems to be the new trend. Instead of writing by hand, people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly. Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier. Will handwriting be completely replaced by typing?(随着科技的发展，“无纸化”似乎是一种新的趋势。人们开始用电脑打字来代替手写，以便快速生成文本。一些人说，文字处理使文本的制作和编辑变得更加容易。手写会被打字完全取代吗?)”可知，文章开篇提出了“无纸化”是一种新趋势，然后以设问“手写会完全被打字取代吗？”；结合下文内容可知，文章第二、三、四、五段都分别举了例子来进行反驳；由此可推知，第一段最后一句的设问是为了引出话题。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Not only that, but the study’s authors also found that writing by hand could promote “deep encoding or processing” in a way that typing does not.(不仅如此，该研究的作者还发现，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”，而打字则不行。)”可知，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”；第三段中的“They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word, while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said, analyzing it for important content and “processing information and reframing it in their own words.”(他们发现，使用笔记本电脑的学生倾向于逐字逐句地记下教授所说的内容，而用手记笔记的学生更倾向于倾听教授所说的内容，分析其中的重要内容，“处理信息并用自己的话重新组织。”)”可知，用手写记笔记的学生更倾向“处理信息并用自己的话重新组织”；第四段中的“The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.(手写最让人讨厌的地方，也是它对学习如此有效的原因。)”可知，手写对学习很有效；第五段中的““In the same vein, writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say,” Oppenheimer says, “which may help self-expression.”(奥本海默说：“同样，手写也能让人们真正明白自己想说什么，这可能有助于自我表达。”)”可知，手写能让人真正明白自己想说什么，有助于自我表达。由此可知，手写其实比打字更能让人深度思考。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Our keyboards are great for a lot of things. But sometimes, there’s no replacing the feeling of spreading out a clean sheet of paper, uncapping a beloved pen, and letting the ink flow.(我们的键盘在很多方面都很好用。但有时候，摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无与伦比的。)”可知，作者认为虽然键盘很好用，但摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无与伦比的。由此可知，作者认为手写是有益的，故选D项。
D
Of all the weird and wonderful creatures living under the sea, perhaps the strangest are jellyfish—those rubbery, cone-shaped creatures found floating in the water, their long tentacles trailing behind.
Some jellyfish species have a bad reputation for scaring away tourists, clogging up fishing nets, and even blocking power station pipes. But with more and more plastic rubbish ending up in the sea, these days you’re as likely to swim into a plastic bag as a jellyfish. Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.
In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. These plastics are not visible to the eye and aren’t caught by seawater treatment plants due to their small size, so they enter our system and harm our health. They’ve been found in many places—in Arctic ice, at the bottom of the sea and even inside animals. Slovenian scientist, Dr Ana Rotter, heads GoJelly, a European research team of jellyfish ecologists looking into the problem.
Microplastics, plastics in general, are becoming an increasing problem. Dr Ana Rotter says when she was a child, people were more environmentally friendly—not harmful to the environment or having the least possible impact on it. At that time, there were very few single-use plastics—plastic items, like spoons and forks, designed to be used just once, then thrown away. The situation since then has changed dramatically. In fact, there’s been such an increase in microplastics that today the UN lists plastic pollution as one of the world’s top environmental threats.
But how do jellyfish fit into the story? Well, it’s the ‘jelly’ part of jellyfish, and specifically their sticky, jelly-like mucus that is key. Jellyfish produce a thick, sticky liquid called mucus. Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances. One of the substances jellyfish mucus absorbs are the particles that make up microplastics.
Dr Rotter’s research is still in the early stages but it’s hoped that jellyfish mucus could hold the key to a future free of microplastic polluted oceans. Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea. By trapping these, the mucus acts like a magnet—an object that attracts certain materials, like metal, but in this case, microplastic waste.
31. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________.
A. where microplastics can be found
B. why microplastics can harm our health
C. what problems the seas and oceans are facing
D. how the research was carried out by the scientist
32. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Jellyfish species cause a great threat to the sea.
B. Jellyfish species like to swim and live in plastic bags.
C. Jellyfish mucus can attract metals and break them down.
D. Jellyfish mucus can absorb liquids and some other substances.
33. What does the underlined word “properties” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A. Qualities. B. Substances. C. Choices. D. Materials.
34. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To show the harm that sea and ocean pollution brings to human beings.
B. To introduce the living habits of the weird and wonderful creatures in the sea.
C. To provide a new method for collecting data on environmental threats in the sea.
D. To inform a promising scientific finding for dealing with plastic pollution in the sea.
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多，科学家们正试图通过水母的黏液研究解决海洋中微塑料的方法。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. (近年来，被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重大问题)”可知，本段主要介绍了微塑料近年来已经成为世界海洋面临的一个重大问题。由此可推知，本段主要介绍了世界海洋面临的问题。故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances.( 安娜·罗特博士发现这种粘液有很强的吸收能力——它可以吸收液体和其他物质)”可知，水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故选D项。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第六段中的“Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea.(科学家们希望黏液的吸收特性——它吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力——能让它捕获漂浮在海里的塑料颗粒)”可知，absorptive properties与后面的its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them为同义表达，此处表示“吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力”，由此可推知，此处指“吸收特性”，properties为property的复数形式，原意为“特性”，与quality互为同义表达。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章开篇通过水母引出话题，第二段“Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.(现在，科学研究发现，这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方案)”提到了水母这种生物可能为塑料污染问题提供解决方案；第三、四、五、六段介绍了Ana Rotter博士利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相关研究。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研究。故选D项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work. ____35____
Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us. ____36____ It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.
____37____ When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself. Now try to apply that advice to yourself.
Keeping moving is also a good way. When people get up and move, they tend to be happier than when they are still. We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness. ____38____ Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.
It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others. ____39____ Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.
Happiness often comes from within. When you are happy, anything is possible. Happy people don’t have the best of everything; they make the best of what they have.
A. The first secret is to enjoy simple things in life.
B. Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.
C. Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.
D. You can forget about your problems, and turn to your friends for help.
E. Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.
F. Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.
G. People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.
【答案】35. E 36. F 37. B 38. C 39. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是幸福，幸福从哪里来，怎么获得幸福。
【35题详解】
上文“Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work.(幸福被认为是生活中非常重要的。它是如此强大，以至于它影响着你生活中的许多事情——睡眠、人际关系、健康、学习和工作。)”提到了幸福的重要性，影响着生活中许多东西；下文“Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求，此处开始介绍获得幸福的方式。由此可推知，设空处为过渡句，需要引出下文。E项“Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.(幸福不是现成的，而是来自于你自己的行动。)”恰好能引出下文。故选E项。
【36题详解】
上文“Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求；下文“It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.(设定目标并遵循可行的计划来实现它们是很有必要的，这可以增强你的自信，减少压力和焦虑。)”提到了设定目标并按可行的计划来实现很有必要。由此可推知，此处与“按照计划设定目标”息息相关，F项“Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.(设定目标很重要，因为它勾勒出了你想象的生活的轮廓。)”与上下文对应，故选F项。
37题详解】
设空处位于段首，需能概括本段内容；下文“When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself.(当你对自己感到消极时，问问自己，你会给一个对自己失望的朋友什么建议。)”提到了当对自己感到消极时，问问自己会给对自己失望的朋友什么建议。由此可推知，本段重点强调“自己”，把自己当成朋友。B项“Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.(有时候，你需要像对待朋友一样对待自己。)”与下文对应。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据段首句“Keeping moving is also a good way.(保持运动也是一个好方法)”可知，本段与运动息息相关；上文“We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness.(我们不知道运动是否会让你快乐，或者快乐的人只是多运动，但我们知道更多的运动与更好的健康和更大的快乐相伴而生。)”提到了运动与健康和快乐相伴；下文“Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.(阳光也有影响。花时间在户外或有自然光的地方生活。)”提到了去户外或有自然光的地方生活。由此可知，此处是建议去户外运动。C项“Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.(研究也表明，花时间在大自然中对你有好处。)”与上下文对应。故选C项。
【39题详解】
上文“It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others.(毫无疑问，我们的幸福是与他人的幸福联系在一起的。)”提到了我们的幸福与他人的幸福有关；下文“Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.(幸福是会传染的，所以和幸福的、支持你的、能给你积极反馈的人呆在一起。)”提到了幸福会传染；由此可推知，此处是在建议和幸福的人待在一起。G项“People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.(被快乐的人包围的人更有可能变得快乐。)”与上下文对应。故选G项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in China, running from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south. It stretches for nearly 3,200 kilometers and passes through eight of the country’s provinces and municipalities.
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, the canal is the longest and oldest artificial river in the world. It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal is 82 km long. Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
The city government has unveiled two development plans: the first is an implementation plan for the protection, inheritance and utilization of the canal’s cultural values; the second is a construction plan for building a Grand Canal-themed national cultural park.
The plan sets up three implementation milestones in the next five years. In 2020, efforts have been made to lay a firm foundation for the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park, with the Tongzhou section of the canal open to navigation and a management mechanism of the park established. By 2023, significant progress is expected to be made in coordinating the protection and utilization of cultural resources along the canal, with the national cultural park basically set up. By 2025, the park will become a new cultural landmark in Beijing. The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development. Cities along the canal by then will welcome further coordinated or integrated development.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal, a valued asset for the capital, is marked out as a river boasting rich cultural resources, ecological value, social benefits and economic potential. The capital is set to roll out more measures to bring out the best in the canal.
40. According to the passage, what roles has the Grand Canal played?
________________
41. What does the Beijing government consider a top priority for protection along the Grand Canal?
________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks, the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.
________________
43. There are many UNESCO World Heritage sites in China. What can we do to protect them?(In about 40 words)
________________
【答案】40. The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability.
41. Cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
42. The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
43. To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河在国内外的重要地位以及北京政府对于京杭大运河北京段未来的两个发展计划。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“It has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability, and is in use today as a major means of transportation.（它在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用并在今天被用作主要的交通手段。）”可知，京杭大运河在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用，故答案为The Grand Canal has played an important role in ensuring China’s economic prosperity and stability.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Along it, cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.（沿河两岸的文物和遗迹是文化重要的标志并且被当地政府视为保护的重中之重。）”可知，当地政府视为保护的重中之重的部分是京杭大运河两岸的文物和遗迹，故答案为Cultural relics and sites on both banks are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第五段“The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.（随着沿河两岸的文化资源保护和生态保护有了显著的改善，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业发展的改善。）”可知，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业的改善，推断出划线部分中工业得到改善是错误的。故答案为The part “the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.” is wrong. According to the content of the development plan, The Grand Canal, with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved, will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
【43题详解】
开放性试题。题目要求写出对于世界文化遗产的保护措施，可以从利用媒体唤起人们的保护意识，利用法律约束和学校教育三个方面入手，故答案为To protect UNESCO World Heritage sites , we can not only use the news media to arouse people’s awareness of preservation but also enforce laws to intensify the protection. Besides, the school should implant the education of protecting cultural heritages.
第二节(20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 说明写信原因；
2. 介绍你的相关经验和优势；
3. 希望能被录用。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
Knowing English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position. I am a Senior 3 student in Hongxing Middle School, and I believe I am qualified for the position. These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, which makes me confident with my communication skills in English. Besides, as a fan of Chinese ancient history, I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when introducing the Forbidden City to foreign guests. I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.
Thank you for your consideration
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇属于应用文，要求考生给首都博物馆写信申请成为该馆暑期英文讲解志愿者，介绍自己的优势和经验。
【详解】1.词汇积累
胜任的：qualified→competent
此外：besides→what’s more
确信的：sure→certain
有用的：helpful→useful
提供：offer→provide
机会：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position.
拓展句：As I know English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position.
【点睛】【高分句型1】These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, which makes me confident with my communication skills in English.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, as a fan of Chinese ancient history, I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when introducing the Forbidden City to foreign guests.（when引导的时间状语从句的省略）
【高分句型3】I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
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