安徽省黄山市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题 Word版含解析

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黄山市2022-2023学年度第二学期期末质量检测
高二英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want to buy?
A. Oranges and apples. B. Sweets and apples. C. Vegetables and apples.
2. Who is coming for tea?
A. Mark. B. John. C. Tracy.
3. Where is the man going to spend his Christmas?
A. In his brother’s. B. In his mother’s. C. In his sister’s.
4. Where does the man most likely live?
A. In Canada. B. In New York. C. In California.
5. Why are the kids in the woman’s yard?
A. To play baseball. B. To hold a party. C. To get their baseball back.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
请听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the woman want to go?
A. To Disneyland. B. To Shanghai University. C. To the Oriental Pearl Tower.
7. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Cancel their flight. B. Call their neighbors. C. Order a taxi.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman want to go home?
A. She isn’t feeling well.
B. She needs to get something to eat.
C. She doesn’t want to attend the meeting.
9. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Drive her somewhere.
B. Work on her project for her.
C. Ask for a sick leave for her.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why was Jim unable to find Susan’s home?
A. He hadn’t been told how to get there.
B. He forgot to bring the map Susan gave him.
C. He just spent thirteen minutes searching for her house.
11. What does Jim want Susan to do now?
A. Come and get him. B. Give him a new map. C. Tell him the direction again.
12. How will Jim go to Susan’s home after calling?
A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Employer and employee. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife.
14. What’s the woman’s attitude towards the man’s idea?
A. Negative. B. Indifferent. C. Positive.
15. Why does the man think he should join the football team?
A. He was a professional player.
B. He used to play football very well.
C. It is organized by his neighborhood.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Insist on his diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Join the football team.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What part of work does the speaker do on his own?
A. Writing dialogues. B. Developing programs. C. Listening to stories.
18. What did the speaker plan to be when in the secondary school?
A. A journalist. B. A basketball player. C. A violinist.
19. When did the speaker decide to work in the video game industry?
A. Before hurting his hand.
B. Before leaving university.
C. While studying in a film school.
20. What does the speaker love most about his job?
A. Working in harmony. B. Getting high salary. C. Winning many prizes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TENNIS CAMP
CAMP DETAILS
This summer, we are offering Junior Overnight, Day (9:30 a.m.-4:00 p.m.) and Half Day (9:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.) camp options for boys and girls, ages 6-18. Each session includes All Skills, Tournament Training, High School and 10 & Under Tennis programs.
Session I: June 5-8
Session II: June 8-11
Overnight Campers may attend either of the sessions, or may choose to attend both sessions. The cost is $545 for each overnight session and $1,085 for both sessions. Day Campers can sign up for one or both sessions as well. The cost is $325 for each session and $645 for both sessions. Half Day Campers can only choose one session and the cost is $175.
CAMP PROGRAMS
Upon arrival, all participants are evaluated by the staff so that their own instructional needs can be addressed throughout the week.
All Skills: The All Skills Program is geared toward (适合于) the beginner/intermediate (中级的) players of all ages. Campers will learn fundamentals and improve upon their game.
Tournament Training: The Tournament Training Program is geared toward tournament level and ranked players looking to improve their tournament results, learn winning strategies and work on mental toughness.
High School: The High School Program is provided for players currently on their high school team. Players will work on advancing their game and mental toughness.
10 & Under Tennis: This level is geared toward the younger beginner players ages 6-10 looking to learn the proper fundamentals while being engaged in a fun team environment. Half Day Camp only.
1. How long can an Overnight Camper stay at most?
A. 4 days. B. 5 days. C. 7 days. D. 8 days.
2. How much should a Day Camper pay for the June 8 - 11 session?
A. $175. B. $325. C. $545. D. $645.
3. What do All Skills and 10 & Under Tennis programs have in common?
A. Both are all-age programs. B. Both have overnight sessions.
C. Both welcome beginner players. D. Both practice mental toughness.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了网球营的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中的“Overnight Campers may attend either of the sessions, or may choose to attend both sessions.(过夜营员可以参加其中一个课程，也可以选择参加两个课程。)”可知，过夜的营员可以参加两个课程。而根据上文“Session I: June 5-8(第一期课程：6月5日至8日)”以及“Session II: June 8-11(第二期课程：6月8日至11日)”可知，两个课程的总天数为7天。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中的“Day Campers can sign up for one or both sessions as well. The cost is $325 for each session and $645 for both sessions.(日间露营者也可以报名参加一个或两个课程。每次费用为325美元，两次费用为645美元。)”可知，日间露营者可参加一个或两个课程，每次收费为325美元。由此推断，日间露营者如参加第二期课程，需缴纳费用为325美元。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All Skills”部分中的“The All Skills Program is geared toward (适合于) the beginner/intermediate (中级的) players of all ages. Campers will learn fundamentals and improve upon their game.(全技能项目面向所有年龄段的初学者或中级玩家。营员们将学习基础知识并提高他们的游戏水平。)”以及“10 & Under Tennis”部分中的“This level is geared toward the younger beginner players ages 6-10 looking to learn the proper fundamentals while being engaged in a fun team environment. Half Day Camp only.(这个级别是针对年龄在6-10岁的年轻初学者的，他们希望在一个有趣的团队环境中学习正确的基础知识。只提供半日营。)”可知，这两个课程项目的共同之处是都是为初学者提供的。故选C。
B
Len Collingwood, a clinical nurse specialist, retired on his 65th birthday. He told his wife,Sally, he would“start out as an adventure cyclist.”
Four months later, he set off on a 13,000 km cycle ride from Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia to Edinburgh, much of it roughly shadowing Marco Polo’s Silk Road. No sooner had he started out than a snowstorm hit. He hid in his tent, wearing every item of clothing he had packed. At -18℃ it was too cold to go outside to cook. He survived the next 48 hours by eating a massive bag of chocolates.
So it is a surprise to hear Collingwood say that he has never feared for his life. “Never. There’s always something to be curious about,” he says.
In 2018, he rode from Edinburgh to Istanbul to earn a place in Guinness World Records. “There are very few records a man over 60 can break,” he says. During the trip, he got a dozen flat tyres. But he fixed each one. “I’ve always been serious about purpose. If something is to be done, it is to be done properly. People go forwards and people go backwards.The difficult bit is managing the times when people go backwards,” he says. “Don’t let the moment ruin the whole thing.”
He turns 71 this year. He is about to begin the 1,407 km trip to John O’ Groats. It sounds tough but he insists “it’s just a matter of spinning (转) the wheels.” Still, they don’t spin on their own. His daughter — a yoga teacher — has suggested weights to maintain muscle mass. His son, a cyclist, keeps him up to speed on the latest technology.
Collingwood is planning new rides in France next year, and beyond that hopes “to spread my wings further. There is peace on a bicycle,” he says. “The joy is the actual doing of the activity. Going further means you’re just doing more of something you enjoy.”
4. What happened to Collingwood when his first journey had just started?
A. He lost his way in Mongolia. B. He got trapped in heavy snow.
C. He had nothing to satisfy his hunger. D. He had no clothes to protect himself from the cold
5. Which of the following can best describe Collingwood?
A. Courageous and determined. B. Generous and demanding.
C. Curious and imaginative. D. Unusual and scholarly.
6. How did Collingwood’s son help him?
A. By checking his physical condition. B. By planning the routes for him.
C. By giving him technical support. D. By accompanying him on the way.
7. What does Collingwood say about cycling?
A. It contributes to his health. B. It helps him kill boring time.
C. It calls for careful planning. D. It carries his joy forward.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了退休后的Len Collingwood进行冒险自行车之旅的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“No sooner had he started out than a snowstorm hit. He hid in his tent, wearing every item of clothing he had packed. At -18C it was too cold to go outside to cook. He survived the next 48 hours by eating a massive bag of chocolates.(他刚出发，暴风雪就来了。他躲在帐篷里，穿着他打包好的每一件衣服。零下18摄氏度的天气太冷了，不能出去做饭。在接下来的48小时里，他吃了一大袋巧克力)”可知，Collingwood刚开始第一次旅行就被困在暴雪中，故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“So it is a surprise to hear Collingwood say that he has never feared for his life.(因此，听到Collingwood说他从来没有为自己的生命担心过，真是令人吃惊)”和第五段中“He turns 71 this year. He is about to begin the 1,407 km trip to John O’ Groats. It sounds tough but he insists ‘it’s just a matter of spinning (转) the wheels.’(他今年71岁了。他即将开始1407公里的John O’ Groats之旅。这听起来很难，但他坚持认为‘这只是转动轮子的问题。’)”可知，Collingwood不畏艰难，勇于冒险且意志坚定。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“His son, a cyclist, keeps him up to speed on the latest technology.(他的儿子是一名自行车手，他让他了解最新的科技)”可知，Collingwood的儿子通过提供一些技术支持来帮助Collingwood。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The joy is the actual doing of the activity. Going further means you’re just doing more of something you enjoy.(快乐是实际做这项活动的过程。走得更远意味着你在做更多你喜欢的事情)”可知，Collingwood说自行车骑行把他的快乐带向远方，故选D。
C
In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities (名人) and turned the famous into the infamous overnight.
A key feature of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared. Short video apps such as TikTok took the world by storm. Why are these short videos — which are rarely longer than a few minutes — so popular? Jiang Yige, a Singapore — based analyst, has a theory. Short videos are “just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules”, he told CNBC．These videos — apart from being very convenient — are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to CNBC.
The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature. Lisa Koshy, a user of TikTok, who has over 2 million followers, said that she was thrilled when anyone said that her video had “inspired” him. “It’s really cool...because I think as short video creators that’s what we all expect.” she added.
Live streaming is another feature of our social media life that now seems as natural as sunrise. It’s a pretty neat idea: You can watch anyone, anywhere, live.
However, the boom in social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it arguably causes. Material shared on these platforms is often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can sway users one way or another. We use social media all the time; that doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its impact on our minds.
8. The underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly means “being ________”．
A. changeable B. steady C. promising D. violent
9. According to Lisa Koshy, why are short videos very popular?
A. Because they are very convenient.
B. Because they help people kill time.
C. Because they allow people to express themselves.
D. Because they provide a sense of community.
10. What can we learn from the development of social media?
A. The information from social media is highly reliable.
B. Short videos have been replaced by live streaming.
C. People can’t communicate with each other without social media.
D. There is still much room for social media to make improvement.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Key Trends of Social Media B. Short Videos Taking the World by Storm
C. The Influence of Social Media on Teenagers D. Live Streaming: Tomorrow of Social Media
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在过去的十年里，社交媒体的使用以一种没有人能猜到的方式增长。它让一些青少年成为名人，也让名人一夜之间声名狼藉。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.(潮流来了又走，消失的速度几乎和出现的速度一样快。)”可知，划线单词和“变化”相关。选项A“changeable (多变的)”；选项B“steady (稳定的)”；选项C“promising (有希望的)”；选项D“violent (暴力的)”故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature. Lisa Koshy, a user of TikTok, who has over 2 million followers, said that she was thrilled when anyone said that her video had “inspired” him.(短视频应用的用户获得的社区感是另一个吸引人的特点。拥有200多万粉丝的TikTok用户Lisa Koshy说，当有人说她的视频“启发”了他时，她很激动。)”可知，在Lisa看来，短视频用户获得的社区感使其受欢迎的一个原因。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, the boom in social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it arguably causes. Material shared on these platforms is often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can sway users one way or another.(然而，社交媒体的繁荣也可能产生副作用。假新闻可以说是它造成的一个严重问题。在这些平台上分享的材料通常没有经过准确性检查。最基本的内容可能是虚假的，可以以这样或那样的方式影响用户。)”可知，社交媒体的快速发展也伴随着一些副作用，由此推断，其还需进一步的提升。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities (名人) and turned the famous into the infamous overnight.(在过去的十年里，社交媒体的使用以一种没有人能猜到的方式增长。它让一些青少年成为名人，也让名人一夜之间声名狼藉。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了社交媒体的流行。所以“The Key Trends of Social Media(社交媒体的主要趋势)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
D
In the shallow waters near the ocean shore, kelp (海藻) grows thickly absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. It grows at a rate of nearly 60 cm daily and if moved to a more nutrient rich depth of 80 m, it even grows faster. It’s this rapid growth that allows kelp to lock large amounts of carbon away — similar to a tree. Kelp and other species of seaweed could remove 61-268 million tonnes of carbon from the atmosphere every year.
Kelp can also be turned into biofuel. “This biofuel from kelp can use all the existing refining (精炼) systems of the petrochemical industry,” says Brian Wilcox, the chief engineer at California-based company Marine BioEnergy. “It in many cases looks like crude oil (原油) and it goes through the same processes.”
Researchers are developing what they hope could be a solution that would allow large kelp farming to be used for biofuel. Diane Kim, an ecologist at the University of Southern California, and her teammates collected two sets of kelp from their underwater habitat off the coast of Santa Catalina Island, California. Forty of the kelp chains were attached to a long line at a depth of 10 m near the kelp’s original habitat. Another 40 were fixed to a pole that could move to varying depths like a lift. For 100 days, the second set was put at a depth of 80 m during the night. During the daytime, researchers lifted it close to the ocean surface to absorb sunlight.
After the experiment, the depth-cycled kelp produced almost four times as much biomass as the set kept at the shallower depth. In addition, the depth-cycled kelp grew far faster — at 5% per day against 3.5% for the other set. Kim and her teammates believe this depth-cycling represents a promising option for biofuel generation as it allows kelp to take advantage of both the sunlight closer to the surface and the higher nutrients further down in the water column. Using methods like this could allow kelp to be farmed for biofuel.
12. In what way is kelp beneficial to the environment?
A. It lets essential nutrients flow into sea water.
B. It can take in a variety of pollutants in the ocean.
C. It is greatly helpful in reducing greenhouse gases.
D. It allows other species of seaweed to grow faster.
13. What does Wilcox say about kelp-based biofuel?
A. It will be unaffordable for its many users.
B. It is likely to be less efficient than crude oil.
C. It may release more carbon into the atmosphere.
D. It involves little investment in production equipment.
14. How did the first set of kelp differ from the second set?
A. It grew at a fixed depth underwater. B. It constantly moved around the seafloor.
C. It absorbed more sunlight and nutrients. D. It included much more kelp chains.
15. What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph?
A. Kelp grows much faster in shallow waters.
B. Depth-cycling can make kelp farming workable.
C. Kelp grown in darkness will produce better biofuel.
D. Farmed kelp must be kept away from its natural habitat.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海带以及其他种类的海藻能够锁住大量的碳，也可以转化为生物燃料。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It’s this rapid growth that allows kelp to lock large amounts of carbon away — similar to a tree. Kelp and other species of seaweed could remove 61-268 million tonnes of carbon from the atmosphere every year.(正是这种快速的生长使得海带能够锁住大量的碳——就像树木一样。海带和其他种类的海藻每年可以从大气中吸收661 - 2.68亿吨碳。)”可知，海带和其他种类的海藻每年可以从大气中吸收大量的碳，对环境有益。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段““This biofuel from kelp can use all the existing refining (精炼) systems of the petrochemical industry,” says Brian Wilcox, the chief engineer at California-based company Marine BioEnergy. “It in many cases looks like crude oil (原油) and it goes through the same processes.”(加利福尼亚海洋生物能源公司的总工程师Brian Wilcox说：“这种从海带中提取的生物燃料可以使用石化工业现有的所有精炼系统。在很多情况下，它看起来像原油，经历了同样的过程。”)” 这种从海带中提取的生物燃料可以使用石化工业现有的所有精炼系统。由此可知，海带生物燃料对生产设备的投资少。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Diane Kim, an ecologist at the University of Southern California, and her teammates collected two sets of kelp from their underwater habitat off the coast of Santa Catalina Island, California. Forty of the kelp chains were attached to a long line at a depth of 10 m near the kelp’s original habitat. Another 40 were fixed to a pole that could move to varying depths like a lift.(南加州大学的生态学家Diane Kim和她的队友在加州圣卡塔利娜岛海岸附近的水下栖息地收集了两组海带。40根海带链系在海带原始栖息地附近10米深的一根长线上。另外40个固定在一根杆子上，杆子可以像电梯一样移动到不同的深度。)”可知，第一组海带生长在原始栖息地附近10米深的地方；而第二组海带则可以移动到不同的深度。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“After the experiment, the depth-cycled kelp produced almost four times as much biomass as the set kept at the shallower depth. In addition, the depth-cycled kelp grew far faster — at 5% per day against 3.5% for the other set.(实验结束后，深度循环的海带产生的生物量几乎是保持在较浅深度的海带的四倍。此外，深度循环海带的生长速度要快得多——每天5%，而另一组为3.5%。)”可知，深度循环海带产生的生物量几乎是保持在较浅深度的海带的四倍，使海藻养殖成为可能。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Manly History of Knitting (编织)
Knitting has seen a massive return lately. ___16___ Today, it’s mainly thought of as a woman’s pastime (消遣), although more and more men are picking up knitting needles as well. That’s not an odd thing at all — in fact, they’re following in the footsteps of centuries of manly knitters.
It’s been suggested that the earliest roots of knitting were found in the minds and hands of fishermen. The theory, although it’s unproven, says that catching fish one at a time with a single line was difficult and time-consuming. ___17___They used the nets to catch fish, and the roots of knitting were born.
The earliest knitted objects we have ever found are some pretty impressive Egyptian socks. The socks have some small, complex patterns on them. The art form had been just about perfected around the 10th century. ___18___ It was something for the upper class. Knitted items were found in the tombs (墓) of Spanish royalty.
In the 1400s came the establishment of guilds (公会) to teach the art of knitting. The guilds only consisted of males, and the process that was required to join them was extremely difficult. Teenage boys who were destined (注定) for the knitters’ guild had six years of training ahead of them before they could even think about becoming an official knitter. ___19___
The shift in knitting from a male-only occupation to a female-dominated hobby came in the Victorian era. With the invention of knitting machines, it was no longer necessary for tradesmen to go through all the years of training. ___20___ By 1880, the idea of women knitting scarves, socks, and gloves for a lover was a notion romanticized in poetry.
A. The history of knitting is a little foggy.
B. Fishermen tied ropes together to form nets.
C. Women began to take up knitting as a hobby.
D. European knitting came around by 1275 or so.
E. They would be required to create a knitted carpet.
F Social media is full of people sharing their latest creations.
G Men would then need to complete an entrance exam for the guild.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了男人编织历史。
【16题详解】
前文“Knitting has seen a massive return lately.(最近，编织业出现了大规模的回归。)”说明了目前编织业的普及。后文“Today, it’s mainly thought of as a woman’s pastime (消遣), although more and more men are picking up knitting needles as well. (如今，编织主要被认为是女性的消遣，尽管越来越多的男性也开始拿起编织针。)”进一步说明了编织收到男人和女人的喜爱。空白处是过渡句。F项“Social media is full of people sharing their latest creations.(社交媒体上到处都是分享自己最新作品的人。)”进一步说明了编织受人们欢迎的具体表现，承上启下，符合语境。且F项中“full of people sharing…”与前文massive 意义相符，后文woman与men与F项中“people”意义一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
前文“The theory, although it’s unproven, says that catching fish one at a time with a single line was difficult and time-consuming.(这一理论虽然未经证实，但它表明，用一条线一次钓一条鱼既困难又耗时。)”说明渔夫们发现用一条线钓鱼很难，暗示他们会想办法解决这一问题。B项“Fishermen tied ropes together to form nets.(渔民们把绳子系在一起编成网。)”承接上文。且B项中Fishermen与本段首句fishermen呼应。B项也自然引出后文“They used the nets to catch fish, and the roots of knitting were born.(他们用网捕鱼，编织的起源就此诞生。)”。后文the nets指代的就是B项中的nets。故选B项。
【18题详解】
前文“The art form had been just about perfected around the 10th century.(这种艺术形式在10世纪左右已经趋于完善。)”说明接下来，作者要讲10世纪时，编织艺术的发展，D项“European knitting came around by 1275 or so. (欧洲针织大约在1275年左右出现。)”符合语境，且后文“It was something for the upper class. (这是上流社会的东西)”中It指代的就是D项中European knitting；本段最后一句中“Spanish royalty”也属于D项“European”范畴。故选D项。
【19题详解】
前文“In the 1400s came the establishment of guilds (公会) to teach the art of knitting. The guilds only consisted of males, and the process that was required to join them was extremely difficult. Teenage boys who were destined (注定) for the knitters’ guild had six years of training ahead of them before they could even think about becoming an official knitter. (15世纪开始建立行会，教授编织艺术。行会只由男性组成，加入他们的过程极其困难。那些注定要加入编织工会的十几岁男孩，在他们考虑成为一名正式的编织工之前，还需要接受六年的培训。)”具体介绍了男孩子如何学会编织，并成为一名编织工的过程。G项“Men would then need to complete an entrance exam for the guild. (然后，男性需要完成公会的入学考试。)”说明了十几岁男孩在接受六年培训后，（成人后）还要参加考试，才能成为合格的编织工，补充了男性成为编织工的完整过程，符合语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
段首主题句“The shift in knitting from a male-only occupation to a female-dominated hobby came in the Victorian era. (在维多利亚时代，编织从男性专属的职业转变为女性主导的爱好。)”说明了编织也成为越来越多的女性的爱好。C项“Women began to take up knitting as a hobby.(妇女们开始把编织当作一种爱好。)” 是对主题句的具体解释。后文“By 1880, the idea of women knitting scarves, socks, and gloves for a lover was a notion romanticized in poetry.(到1880年，女人为情人编织围巾、袜子和手套的想法在诗歌中被浪漫化了。)”介绍了女性编织在诗歌中被体现。因此C项符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完型填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Nothing in life is more exciting than the sudden insight that leaves one a changed person - not only changed, but changed for the ___21___. Such moments are not many, but they come to all of us. Sometimes from a valuable book, and sometimes from a (n) ___22___ friend.
One cold afternoon I was in a restaurant feeling extremely ___23___. Because of several ___24___, the research of great significance in my life had failed.
Then my neighbor, an old psychiatrist (精神科医生), ___25___ in the restaurant. “What’s troubling you?” he asked. I told him what had happened and ___26___ blamed myself for the failure. Hearing my words, he said nothing but ___27___ me to his office, where he took a tape out. “On this tape,” he said, “there are short ___28___ made by three of my patients. Listen and pick out the two - word phrase that appears ___29___ in all the three cases.”
The three voices all ____30____ themselves, and the phrase “if only” was said out loud at least six times.
“That is poisonous,” the old man ____31____. “The trouble with ‘if only’ is that it doesn’t ____32____anything. But if you let it become a habit, it can become a real ____33____ so that you won’t want to try more.”
“What should I do?” I inquired.
“Change ‘if only’ to ‘next time’,” he smiled. “This phrase will help you to ____34____ the past, learn a lesson from a failure, move forward, and take ____35____.”
21. A. sharper B. busier C. better D. fewer
22. A. positive B. emotional C. wise D. sensitive
23. A. frightened B. moved C. excited D. depressed
24. A. worries B. advantages C. requests D. mistakes
25. A. appeared B. served C. fell D. volunteered
26. A. unfairly B. sorrowfully C. hardly D. suddenly
27. A. invited B. adapted C. limited D. appointed
28. A. debates B. recitations C. lectures D. recordings
29. A. differently B. frequently C. visually D. reasonably
30. A. selected B. scared C. blamed D. distinguished
31. A. explained B. supported C. inquired D. apologized
32. A. copy B. change C. express D. separate
33. A. curiosity B. chance C. motivation D. trouble
34. A. imagine B. forget C. describe D. reproduce
35. A. shape B. medicine C. action D. effect
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为自己的失误导致自己的研究失败了而感到沮丧，这时，一位邻居的开导让作者茅塞顿开。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活中没有什么比突然顿悟让一个人改变——不仅改变，而且变得更好——更令人兴奋的了。A. sharper更敏锐的、更尖锐的；B. busier更忙碌的；C. better更好的；D. fewer更少的。根据文章内容以及最后一段““This phrase will help you to ___14___ the past, learn a lesson from a failure, move forward, and take ___15___.””可推断，作者所指的是让一个人变得更好。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时来自一本有价值的书，有时来自一位明智的朋友。A. positive积极向上的；B. emotional情感的；C. wise明智的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“Sometimes from a valuable book”可知，空处指的是这样的顿悟有时是来自一位明智的朋友的建议，和上文的“valuable book”保持一致。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个寒冷的下午，我在一家餐馆里，感到非常沮丧。A. frightened害怕的；B. moved感动的；C. excited兴奋的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据下文“the research of great significance in my life had failed”可知，作者的研究失败了，所以作者此时应该是感到沮丧难过。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于几个错误，我一生中有重大意义的研究失败了。A. worries担忧；B. advantages优点；C. requests要求；D. mistakes错误。根据下文“I told him what had happened and ___6___ blamed myself for the failure.”可知，作者在指责自己，所以空处指的是这次失败源自于作者的错误。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，我的邻居，一位老精神科医生出现在餐馆里。A. appeared出现；B. served担当；C. fell摔倒；D. volunteered自愿。根据下文““What’s troubling you?” he asked.”可知，这位神经科医生出现在餐馆里。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把所发生的事告诉了他，并悲伤地责怪自己的失败。A. unfairly不公平地；B. sorrowfully悲哀地；C. hardly几乎不；D. suddenly突然。根据上文“One cold afternoon I was in a restaurant feeling extremely ___3___.”以及下文这位神经科医生给作者的建议可知，作者此时非常悲伤难过。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：听了我的话，他什么也没说，只是邀请我去他的办公室，在那里他拿出了一盘磁带。A. invited邀请；B. adapted适应、改编；C. limited限制；D. appointed委派。根据下文“where he took a tape out”可知，这位神经科医生邀请作者去自己的办公室。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在这盘磁带上，”他说，“有我的三个病人录制的简短录音。听录音，找出在这三种情况下频繁出现的两个单词短语。”A. debates辩论；B. recitations复习；C. lectures讲座；D. recordings录音。根据上文可知，这位医生拿出了一盘磁带让作者听，由此推断，这盘磁带上有病人的录音。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“在这盘磁带上，”他说，“有我的三个病人录制的简短录音。听录音，找出在这三种病例中频繁出现的两个单词短语。”A. differently不同地；B. frequently频繁地；C. visually视觉上地；D. reasonably合理地。根据下文“the phrase “if only” was said out loud at least six times.”可知，医生是让作者找出频繁出现的单词短语。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个声音都在自责，“要是”这个词至少被大声说了六次。A. selected挑选；B. scared使害怕；C. blamed责备；D. distinguished区分。根据上文可知，当这位医生出现在餐厅中时，作者一直在责怪自己，所以医生才将作者带到自己的办公室。由此推断，这盘磁带中的三位病人也在责怪自己。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“那是有毒，”老人解释说。A. explained解释；B. supported支持；C. inquired询问；D. apologized道歉。根据下文“The trouble with ‘if only’ is that it doesn’t ___12___anything. But if you let it become a habit, it can become a real ___13___ so that you won’t want to try more.””可知，下文是这位老人解释的内容。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“‘要是……就好’的问题在于，它改变不了任何事情。但如果你让它成为一种习惯，它就会成为一个真正的麻烦，这样你就不想再尝试了。”A. copy复制；B. change改变；C. express表达；D. separate分隔。根据句意以及上下文推断，这位神经科医生认为总是责备自己，或者说“要是……就好”并不能改变什么。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“‘要是……就好’的问题在于，它改变不了任何事情。但如果你让它成为一种习惯，它就会成为一个真正的麻烦，这样你就不想再尝试了。”A. curiosity好奇心；B. chance机会；C. motivation动机；D. trouble麻烦。根据上文“The trouble with ‘if only’ is that it doesn’t ___12___anything.”可推断，这位神经科医生认为如果让它成为一种习惯才会成为真正的麻烦。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这句话将帮助你忘记过去，从失败中吸取教训，向前迈进，并采取行动。A. imagine想象；B. forget忘记；C. describe描述；D. reproduce繁殖。根据下文“learn a lesson from a failure, move forward”可知，这位神经科医生认为这句话可以帮助我们忘记过去，向前迈进。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句话将帮助你忘记过去，从失败中吸取教训，向前迈进，并采取行动。A. shape形状；B. medicine药品；C. action行动；D. effect影响、效果。固定短语：take action，意为“采取行动”，和上文内容“learn a lesson from a failure, move forward”保持一致。故选C。
第二节 语法填空题(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Counted among the “Ten Great Chinese Paintings”, the famous historical scroll painting “Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy(使团)” created by renowned painter Yan Liben (601-673), recently ___36___ (make) an appearance in an exhibition at the Palace Museum in Beijing on April 29, 2023. This painting ___37___ (faithful) displays a scene in the year 641 when Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty received the Tibetan team, ___38___ came for Tang Princess Wencheng.
In the ___39___ (seven)century, Songtsen Gampo, the headman of the Tibetan Tubo Kingdom, sent an envoy to Chang’an to propose a marriage. Emperor Taizong agreed to give Princess Wencheng in marriage to him. In the spring of 641, the envoy sent by Songtsen Gampo arrived at the court ___40___ (guard) the princess back to Tubo.
Princess Wencheng brought not only Tang Dynasty customs and practices, but also a large group of ___41___ (craftsman), which had a stimulating effect ___42___ the Tubo tribal economy and culture. As a result, the Tang Empire and Tubo maintained a good relationship for a considerable period.
In addition to well-known artworks such as this painting, the exhibition also featured a large number of cultural relics ___43___ (display)to the public for the first time.
The exhibition showcased ___44___ total of 108 cultural relics, including 13 items from ____45____(variety) units of the Cultural Heritage Bureau of the Xizang Autonomous Region , as well as 95 items from the Palace Museum.
【答案】36. made
37. faithfully
38. which 39. seventh##7th
40. to guard
41. craftsmen
42. on 43. displayed
44. a 45. various
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了著名画家阎立本(601-673)创作的著名历史卷轴《步辇图》最近于2023年4月29日在北京故宫博物院展出。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：著名画家阎立本(601-673)创作的著名历史卷轴《步辇图》被列为“中国十大名画”之一，最近于2023年4月29日在北京故宫博物院展出。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“on April 29, 2023”可知，本句谓语动词为一般过去时。故填made。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这幅画忠实地描绘了公元641年唐太宗接见为唐文成公主而来的藏队时的情景。修饰动词display用副词形式。故填faithfully。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这幅画忠实地描绘了公元641年唐太宗接见为唐文成公主而来的藏队时的情景。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the Tibetan team”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用which。故填which。
39题详解】
考查序数词。句意：公元7世纪，西藏吐蕃的首领松赞干布派使者到长安求婚。根据句意可知，事情发生在公元第7世纪，用序数词。故填seventh/7th。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：公元641年春，松赞干布派使者来到朝廷，保护公主返回吐蕃。这里为非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词的不定式形式。故填to guard。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：文成公主不仅带来了唐朝的风俗习惯，还带来了大批工匠，对吐蕃部落的经济和文化产生了促进作用。根据空前的“a large group of”可判断，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填craftsmen。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：文成公主不仅带来了唐朝的风俗习惯，还带来了大批工匠，对吐蕃部落的经济和文化产生了促进作用。固定搭配：have a(n) effect on，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了像这幅画这样的知名艺术品外，这次展览还展出了大量首次向公众展出的文物。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“a large number of cultural relics”之间为被动关系，用动词的过去分词形式。故填displayed。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：此次展览共展出了108件文物，其中包括西藏自治区文物局各单位的13件文物，以及故宫博物院的95件文物。短语：a total of，意为“总计”。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此次展览共展出了108件文物，其中包括西藏自治区文物局各单位的13件文物，以及故宫博物院的95件文物。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰其后的名词units。故填various。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，自己制作了一些中国结，想赠予英国朋友Tom所在的学校。请你给他写封信，简单说说：1.如何制作中国结；2.中国结的象征意义；3.中国结的用途。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：中国结 Chinese knot 丝绳 silk thread
Dear Tom,
How are you doing?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
How are you doing? Recently I’ve made some Chinese knots and I would like to donate these knots to your school.
I twisted colorful silk threads into various shapes by myself, which were time-consuming. Traditionally, Chinese knots are expected to drive off evil spirits and act as lucky charms. Today the knots are commonly used as a hanging decoration such as in the home or car. Could you help me to give these hand-made knots to your school as a symbol of friendship?
I’d really appreciate it if you could do me the favor.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的信件。要求考生向英国朋友Tom写封信，告知他如何制作中国结，其象征意义以及用途。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently→ lately/of late
各种各样的：various→ a variety of
传统地：traditionally →conventional
驱赶：drive off → chase away
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently I’ve made some Chinese knots and I would like to donate these knots to your school.
拓展句：Recently I’ve made some Chinese knots, which I would like to donate to your school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I twisted colorful silk threads into various shapes by myself, which were time-consuming.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I’d really appreciate it if you could do me the favor.（运用了if引导的状语从句和it做形式宾语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Past and Future Friends
It was the first day of school. When Mike spotted his friend Jack down the hall, he smiled slightly and increased his pace. Before he could catch up, however, one boy sprinted (快速奔跑) down the hall and fell into step with Jack. Lou, the most popular guy in school, was Jack’s new football teammate. Mike stopped walking and watched Jack and Lou laughing heartily as they walked down the hall.
Later that day, Mike saw that Jack was in his P. E. class. Relieved, he approached Jack and was greeted with a “Hey!” Before Mike could answer, though, Lou walked into the gym and Jack hurried to join him on the court. The scene in front of him faded away as Mike remembered another day of school almost two years earlier.
“Got anything good?”
The dark-haired boy looked up from the cafeteria table where he was sitting alone. He waved his hand at the remains of his paper bag lunch. “Not really.”
“I’m Mike Adams,” Mike said. “You’re Jack, right? How do you like Markham Elementary School so far?”
Jack gave a small smile. “Can’t say I like being the new kid. People aren’t very friendly.” “You just have to give them a chance,” Mike said. “Come over to my table. I’ll introduce you.”
The two boys had quickly become best friends. They had done everything together: practicing their skateboarding moves, riding their bikes to get ice cream, and fishing at Miller’s Pond.
Still, Mike had not seen much of Jack over the last summer. Jack’s family had gone on vacation for several weeks, and then Jack had started football practice, which was clearly how he had become such a good friend with Lou.
Mike felt a knot (郁结) in his stomach. Was he going to lose his best friend because he had not tried out for football? As he looked at Jack’s stylish new clothes and haircut, the knot in his stomach grew. After class, he left without trying to talk to Jack, and for the next few days, Mike avoided him altogether.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Mike was walking home from school on Thursday when he heard footsteps behind him.
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Mike was a frozen statue as he watched Jack go away, thinking about the invitation from Jack.
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【答案】Mike was walking home from school on Thursday when he heard footsteps behind him. “Hey Mike! Wait up!” It was Jack. Catching up to Mike, he asked, “What’s up with you, man?” “What’s up with me?” Mike asked, sounding angry. “Where’s your fan club? Lou? I’m surprised to see you without him.” “He is a good guy. You just have to give him a chance.” Jack said, looking shocked. Then Jack shook his head, and as he turned to walk off, he said, “Tomorrow, come over to my table, and I’ll introduce you.”
Mike was a frozen statue as he watched Jack go away, thinking about the invitation from Jack. Those words sounded so familiar to him. It suddenly occurred to him that it was the same invitation he had offered to Jack two years ago. It hit him that he should have been more open to friendship. Making friends can open the door to making more friends with their friends and such. At lunch the next day, Mike entered the cafeteria and saw Jack and Lou sitting together. Before he could change his mind, he carried his lunch over to their table. Trying to sound casual, he asked, “Got anything good?”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了迈克的好朋友杰克有了新的朋友，迈克非常不习惯。他尝试了几次与杰克交流都没能成功，他开始怀疑他们的友谊并有意躲着杰克。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“星期四，迈克放学回家的路上听到身后有脚步声。”可知，第一段可描写杰克找到迈克试图解释并邀请他明天一起用午餐，给他介绍新朋友卢。
②由第二段首句内容“”可知，第二段可描写迈克认识到是自己的问题，明白对友谊应该抱有开放的心态。第二天，他主动走向了杰克的餐桌。
2.续写线索：杰克询问原因——邀请迈克明天一起用午餐——回忆往事——明白对友谊应该持开放心态——主动与杰克和新朋友打招呼
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走开：walk off/walk away
②他突然想到：It suddenly occurred to him that.../It suddenly hit to him that...
③进入：enter/get into
情绪类
①生气的：angry/irritated/annoyed
②惊讶的：surprised/astounded
【点睛】[高分句型1]Mike was a frozen statue as he watched Jack go away, thinking about the invitation from Jack.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句和现在分词作伴随状语)
[高分句型2]It suddenly occurred to him that it was the same invitation he had offered to Jack two years ago.(运用了that引导的主语从句和省略关系代词that的定语从句)
[高分句型3]Before he could change his mind, he carried his lunch over to their table.(运用了before引导的时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BABCC 6-10 ABACB 11-15 CACAB 16-20 BACCA