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浙江省金华十校2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末调研试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省金华十校2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末调研试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
金华十校2022-2023学年第二学期期末调研考试
高一英语试题卷
本试卷分为第【卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ喜(非选择题)，共150分，考试时间120分钟。请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂写在答题纸上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共95分)
第一部分(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which place does the woman want to go?
A. A bank. B. Wall Street. C. A shopping mall.
2. What’s the weather like now?
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C.Windy.
3. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.
4. Where might the speakers be?
A. On a playground. B. In a party hall. C. At a swimming pool.
5. What is the man doing?
A. Cashing a check. B. Applying for a credit card. C.Paying the bill.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What does the man think of the test?
A. It was too difficult. B.It was tiring. C. It was useless.
7. What is the man most likely going to study?
A. English. B. Medicine. C. Science.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. According to the man, what might be wrong with the computer?
A. The system is out of order.
B. The battery needs charging.
C.There are too many old files.
9. When did the service contract run out?
A. Five years ago. B. Four years ago. C.One year ago.
10. What did the woman decide to do in the end?
A. Borrow a computer. B. Get a new computer. C. Lend the man some mo
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think about her courses?
A. They are too general.
B. Some of them are quite dull.
C. Most of them are pretty difficult.
12. What does the man think of dropping out courses?
A. It is too late.
B. It is easy and convenient.
C. It should be thought twice.
13. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Sign up for new courses.
B. Get a degree in business.
C. Talk to her father to change his idea.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On the telephone.
B. At a ticket office.
C. At an airport information center.
15. How does the woman suggest the man get to his final destination?
A. By taxi. B.By subway. C. By airport shuttle.
16. How much time does the man have to collect his luggage?
A. About an hour.
B. At least two hours.
C. About one and a half hours.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. At what time did the power go out?
A. 6:07 p.m. B. 5:45 p.m. C. 5:30 p.m.
18. Which building still has electricity?
A. The cafeteria. B.The West dorms. C. The science building.
19. What happened to the classes in the affected buildings?
A. They’ve been moved to another building.
B. They’ve been held online.
C. They’ve been called off.
20. What does the speaker advise people to do?
A. Call 911 if there is an emergency.
B. Use candles in the campus buildings.
C. Share the updates on the school’s website.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Philip Guston Now
March 2 - August 27, 2023
East Building, Concourse, National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Philip Guston Now records the 50-year career of one of America’s most powerful modern artists through more than 150 paintings and drawings. Famous in his time and in ours, Guston’s work continues to remind, attract, and arouse, raising important questions about the relationship of art to beauty and cruelty, freedom and doubt, politics and the imagination.
Organization
The exhibition is organized by the National Gallery of Art, Washington; the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; Tate Modern, London; and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston.
Other venues(会场)
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, May 1 - September 11, 2022
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, October 23, 2022 - January 15, 2023
Tate Modern, London, October 5, 2023 - February 25, 2024
Exhibition Support
Major support for the international tour of the exhibition is provided by the Terra
Foundation for American Art. The Director’s Circle of the National Gallery of Art and the Edwin L. Cox Exhibition Fund provided additional funding. The exhibition is supported by an indemnity(保障)from the Federal Council on the Arts and the Humanities.
Passes
Sign up at the exhibition entrance. Sometimes, you may have to join a virtual line upon arrival. While waiting, you can explore other parts of the museum. Groups are limited to six people.
1. What kind of works could you see in Guston’s exhibition?
A. Photography works. B. Drawings.
C. Calligraphy works. D. Carvings.
2. Where should you go if you want to visit Guston’s exhibition on December 15, 2023?
A. Tate Modern, London. B. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
C. Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. D. National Gallery of Art, Washington DC.
3. What is a must for the visitors to enter the exhibition?
A. Waiting in a virtual line. B. Joining a visiting group.
C. Applying online before arrival. D. Registering at the exhibition entrance.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了Philip Guston油画展览的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Philip Guston Now records the 50-year career of one of America’s most powerful modern artists through more than 150 paintings and drawings. Famous in his time and in ours, Guston’s work continues to remind, attract, and arouse, raising important questions about the relationship of art to beauty and cruelty, freedom and doubt, politics and the imagination.(Philip Guston现在通过150多幅油画和素描记录了美国最具影响力的现代艺术家之一的50年职业生涯。古斯顿的作品在他的时代和我们的时代都很有名，他的作品继续提醒、吸引和唤起人们，提出了关于艺术与美与残酷、自由与怀疑、政治与想象之间关系的重要问题)”可知，在Guston的展览中你能看到油画和素描。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Other venues下的“Tate Modern, London, October 5, 2023 - February 25, 2024”可知，如果你想在2023年12月15日参观Guston的展览，你应该去Tate Modern, London。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sign up at the exhibition entrance. Sometimes, you may have to join a virtual line upon arrival. While waiting, you can explore other parts of the museum. Groups are limited to six people.(在展览入口处登记。有时，您可能需要在抵达时加入虚拟线路。在等待期间，您可以探索博物馆的其他部分。团体限制为六人)”可知，参观者进入展览会必须在展览入口处登记。故选D项。
B
LONDON - Britain made meteorological (气象学的) history on Tuesday when temperatures in some places topped 40℃ for the first time ever recorded in the United Kingdom.
It was a day of hot milestones(里程碑) in Britain, where in the morning the temperature was 39.1℃, the highest level ever recorded in the United Kingdom. That record was broken about two hours later, when Britain’s national weather service said the temperature at Heathrow Airport hit 40.2’℃. If confirmed, it would be the first time that the temperature in Britain had gone beyond 40’℃. However, by the afternoon, the temperature hit40.3. The extreme weather brought great sufferings to the local people.
The hot, dry conditions also put great burden on emergency services. Fires spread in some areas of Britain and even other European countries. In France and Spain, firefighters have been battling wildfires that have burned forest and bush and in some places, forced people to leave. On Tuesday, more than 2,000 firefighters were facing off against a big fire in the southwest Britain that has forced 37,000 people to leave their homes this week.
In Britain, the government advised people to work from home, but for schools, to stay open - a request that some areas had ignored, sending students home.
Trains are particularly affected by high heat because the infrastructure (基础建设)-rails and overhead wires - is not built to deal with extremely hot temperatures. Network Rail, which operates the country’s rail system, issued a “do not travel” warning for trains in some areas. Several train companies said they planned to cancel all service running north from the capital. The London Underground, most of which does not have air conditioning.has also stopped some of its service.
4. What was the recent problem with the United Kingdom?
A. It suffered a lot from high heat.
B. Its emergency services broke down.
C. It didn’t have experienced firefighters.
D. Its people were forced to leave their country.
5. What was the British government’s suggestion for its people?
A. Don’t go travelling. B. Send students home.
C. Choose homeworking. D. Go to schools for shelter.
6 Why couldn’t trains run normally in Britain recently?
A. They were out of date.
B. Some companies canceled all the train service.
C. The whole country’s railway system was in poor condition.
D. The railway infrastructure is not built to run on extremely hot days.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. A Look into British Train System
B. The U.K. Reaches a Record High
C. The Hottest Weather Is the Most Harmful
D. The Battle over Hot Summer in the World
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了英国一些地方的气温首次突破40℃，创造了气象历史。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The extreme weather brought great sufferings to the local people. (极端天气给当地人民带来了巨大的苦难。)”以及第三段“The hot, dry conditions also put great burden on emergency services. (炎热、干燥的环境也给应急服务带来了巨大的负担。)”可知，英国受高温的影响很大，不管是人民还是当地政府。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In Britain, the government advised people to work from home, but for schools, to stay open - a request that some areas had ignored, sending students home.(在英国，政府建议人们在家工作，但学校要保持开放——一些地区忽视了这一要求，让学生回家。)”可知，英国政府建议人们在家工作。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Trains are particularly affected by high heat because the infrastructure (基础建设)-rails and overhead wires - is not built to deal with extremely hot temperatures.(火车特别容易受到高温的影响，因为基础设施(铁轨和架空电线)不是为应对极端高温而建造的。)”以及“The London Underground, most of which does not have air conditioning, has also stopped some of its service.(伦敦地铁，由于大部分没有空调，也停止了部分服务。)”可知，英国铁路之所以停止运营，是因为铁路基础设施不是为在极端炎热的天气运行而建造的。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“LONDON - Britain made meteorological (气象学的) history on Tuesday when temperatures in some places topped 40℃ for the first time ever recorded in the United Kingdom.(伦敦——周二，英国一些地方的气温首次突破40℃，创造了气象历史。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要报道了英国的一些地方气温突破40℃，创造了气象历史。所以“The U.K. Reaches a Record High(英国达到历史新高)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
C
Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels.
He spent hours meeting with clients(客户), but he dreamed of being a novelist instead. I remember thinking: Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn’t?
A decade later, however, I was surprised to see the same person on TV, holding up his new book. James Patterson had developed into a best-selling author. He has since published more than 100 New York Times best sellers.
“I never thought of myself as an advertising person,” he told me when I asked how he’d done it. “I always planned to be a writer.” Mr. Patterson’s ability to sec himself as a writer shows a term(术语) “possible selves.” It describes how people envision their futures: what they may become, or want to become, etc.
The term, created in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius,grew out of research on self-concept and self-perception(自我知觉).While self-concepts, like “I am a kind person” or “I am a good parent”, are based on the present, the researchers found that people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change.
These possible selves,both positive and negative,are closely related to motivation (动机).In a small study, when young adults were made to envision themselves as either regular exercisers (hoped-for selves) or inactive (feared selves),both groups exercised more in the weeks afterward. But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future.
A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, “if you build a bridge from your ‘now’ self to the possible self,” Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge?
8. What was the author’s attitude towards James Patterson’s dream at first?
A. Doubtful. B. Curious. C. Worried. D. Disappointed.
9 What does the underlined word “envision” mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Face. B. Imagine. C. Make. D. Determine.
10. What can we learn about “possible self” from paragraphs 5 and 6?
A. It is a necessity for a better future.
B. It refers to a person’s present behaviors.
C. Negative possible selves cannot inspire people.
D. Imagining positive possible selves can promote one’s health.
11. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?
A. How a possible self can be of help.
B. How to connect “now” self and possible self.
C. What could be done to change one’s possible self.
D. What motivation is needed to have a positive self.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经采访一个广告经理，这位经理说自己想成为作家，多年后，这位经理真的梦想成真。作者由此了解了一个专业术语“可能的自我”，每个人都会受到可能的自我的影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I remember thinking: Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn’t?(我记得我当时想:当然，每个人都梦想成为小说家。谁不？)”可推断，作者最初听到这位广告经理的梦想时感到怀疑。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“what they may become, or want to become, etc.(他们可能成为什么，或者想成为什么，等等。)”可知，下文是人们对自己未来的畅想。选项A“Face (面对)”；选项B“Imagine (想象)”；选项C“Make (制作)”；选项D“Determine (决定)”。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future.(但研究人员发现，想象积极可能的自我可以通过对更美好的未来抱有希望来改善健康和减少抑郁。)”可知，想象积极的可能的自我对我们的健康有好处。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, “if you build a bridge from your ‘now’ self to the possible self,” Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge?(“如果你在‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间架起一座桥梁，” Markus博士说，“一个可能的自我可以帮助你实现白日梦，而这些白日梦似乎是不现实的。”但我们要如何搭建那座桥呢？)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如果在‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间架起一座桥梁，一个可能的自我可以帮助我们实现白日梦。再根据最后一句“But how do we build that bridge?”可知，接下来文章将会介绍如何建立‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间的一座桥梁。故选B。
D
Researchers in Australia and the US are starting a multi-million dollar project to bring the Tasmanian tiger, nicknamed thylacine(袋狼), back from extinction. The last known one died in 1939.
The team say it can be recreated using stem cells(干细胞)and gene-editing(基因编辑)technology, and the first thylacine could be reintroduced to the wild in 10 years’ time. They plan to take stem cells from a living species with similar DNA, and then use gene-editing technology to ”bring back“ the extinct species - or an extremely close one of it.
It would be a great achievement for the researchers attempting it, and require a number of scientific breakthroughs.
The population of Tasmanian tigers dropped when humans arrived in Australia tens of thousands of years ago, and again when dingoes - a species of wild dog - appeared.Eventually, the species only lived free on the island of Tasmania, and was finally hunted to extinction.
If scientists were to succeed, it would mark the first “de-extinction“ event in history, but many outside experts doubt it, and believe that the project is more about media attention for the scientists and less about doing serious science.
The idea of bringing back the extinct has been around for more than 20 years. In 1999, the Australian Museum started to pursue a project to clone the Tasmanian tiger, and various attempts have been made ever since to get or rebuild DNA from samples. The US firm made headlines last year with its plans to use similar gene editing technology to bring the woolly mammoth back to life - a technological achievement yet to be made.
12. Which of the following might be the major reason for thylacine’s extinction?
A. Habitat loss. B. Climate change.
C. Human activities. D. Wild dog protection.
13. What do many outside experts think of bringing back extinct thylacine?
A. It will make history.
B. It is particularly difficult.
C. It deserves greater attention.
D. It is more of a piece of eye-catching news.
14. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Future for bringing back the extinct.
B. Benefits of bringing back the extinct.
C. Previous efforts to bring back the extinct.
D. Technology needed to bring back the extinct.
15. In which column of a magazine can we read this passage?
A. Science and Technology. B. History and Traditions.
C. Nature and Environment. D. Culture and Society.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚和美国的研究人员正在开展一个项目：使用干细胞和基因编辑技术来重建袋狼。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The population of Tasmanian tigers dropped when humans arrived in Australia tens of thousands of years ago, and again when dingoes - a species of wild dog - appeared. Eventually, the species only lived free on the island of Tasmania, and was finally hunted to extinction. (当数万年前人类来到澳大利亚时，塔斯马尼亚虎的数量下降了，当澳洲野狗(一种野狗)出现时，塔斯马尼亚虎的数量又下降了。最终，这个物种只在塔斯马尼亚岛上自由生活，并最终被猎杀灭绝。)”可知，塔斯马尼亚虎，也就是袋狼的灭绝的主要原因可能是人类活动。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒是第二段“If scientists were to succeed, it would mark the first “de-extinction“ event in history, but many outside experts doubt it, and believe that the project is more about media attention for the scientists and less about doing serious science.( 如果科学家们成功了，这将标志着历史上第一次“灭绝动物复活”事件，但许多外部专家对此表示怀疑，并认为该项目更多地是媒体对科学家的关注，而不是做严肃的科学研究。)”可知，许多外部科学家认为恢复灭绝的袋狼更像是一条引人注目的新闻，故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“The idea of bringing back the extinct has been around for more than 20 years. In 1999, the Australian Museum started to pursue a project to clone the Tasmanian tiger, and various attempts have been made ever since to get or rebuild DNA from samples. The US firm made headlines last year with its plans to use similar gene editing technology to bring the woolly mammoth back to life - a technological achievement yet to be made.(复活灭绝物种的想法已经存在了20多年。1999年，澳大利亚博物馆开始进行一项克隆塔斯马尼亚虎的项目，从那以后，人们进行了各种尝试，从样本中获取或重建DNA。去年，这家美国公司计划利用类似的基因编辑技术让长毛象复活，这一技术成就还有待实现。)”可知，本段主要讲述了一些恢复灭绝物种的以前的努力，1999年，澳大利亚博物馆开始进行一项克隆塔斯马尼亚虎的项目，去年，美国公司计划利用类似的基因编辑技术让长毛象复活。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Researchers in Australia and the US are starting a multi-million dollar project to bring the Tasmanian tiger, nicknamed thylacine(袋狼), back from extinction. The last known one died in 1939.( 澳大利亚和美国的研究人员正在启动一项耗资数百万美元的项目，以拯救外号为袋狼的塔斯马尼亚虎，使其免于灭绝。最后一个已知的人死于1939年。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述介绍了澳大利亚和美国的研究人员正在开展一个项目：使用干细胞和基因编辑技术来重建袋狼。因此推动最有可能来自科学技术栏目，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being creative means allowing yourself to relax and think outside of box. It is significant not only for artists, writers, musicians, etc., but also for business people, students, and many others. Yet sometimes we have problems being creative. A lack of creativity can be frustrating and can sometimes limit your ability to be excellent in your career or personal life. ____16____
Expose (使……接触) yourself to new ideas and information. In order to produce creative ideas, you will need a flow of new ideas. ____17____ For example, you may try reading lots of books, subscribing to a magazine on topics that interest you, or watching a documentary film on a topic you are unfamiliar with.
____18____You can do this both before you start working and during your work. Devoted “think-time” can help you, especially if you’re having trouble finding creative solutions to long-standing problems.
Seek out new experiences. ____19____ Getting out of your comfort zone is an easy way to get a fresh viewpoint and go back to the problem or project you are working on with a renewed sense of energy. You may try taking a walk in an area you’ve never visited.
Have imaginary conversations. Your own imagination can also be a great way of gaining new experiences. Pretend that you are talking to someone you find fascinating or a role model, such as a famous or influential person from history. ____20____Cultivating your creativity takes time and effort, but can also be lots of fun.
A. Spend time alone.
B. Give yourself time to think.
C. Avoid activities that don’t challenge you.
D. But with some helpful tips you can develop your creativity.
E. Close your eyes, and discuss with this person whatever topic comes to mind.
F. Seeing the work of others might inspire you and give you ideas to explore further.
G. Make time to talk to lots of different people and ask them questions about their ideas.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些激发创造性的建议。
【16题详解】
由上文“A lack of creativity can be frustrating and can sometimes limit your ability to be excellent in your career or personal life. (缺乏创造力可能会让人沮丧，有时会限制你在职业或个人生活中表现出色的能力)”结合下文小标题“Expose (使……接触) yourself to new ideas and information. (让自己接触新的想法和信息)”，“Seek out new experiences. (寻求新的体验)”和“Have imaginary conversations. (进行想象中的对话)”可知，该空引出话题，承接下文讲发展创造力的一些建议，D选项“但是，有了一些有用的建议，你可以发展你的创造力。”切题，承上启下。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由小标题“Expose (使……接触) yourself to new ideas and information. (让自己接触新的想法和信息)”和下文“For example, you may try reading lots of books, subscribing to a magazine on topics that interest you, or watching a documentary film on a topic you are unfamiliar with. (例如，你可以试着读很多书，订阅一本关于你感兴趣的主题的杂志，或者看一部关于你不熟悉的主题的纪录片)”可知，该空承接上下文讲通过让自己接触新的想法和信息来发展创造力，F选项“看到别人的作品可能会激励你，并给你进一步探索的想法”切题，是一个具体例子。故选F项。
【18题详解】
该空是本段主旨句，需总结下文。由下文“Devoted “think-time” can help you, especially if you’re having trouble finding creative solutions to long-standing problems. (投入的“思考时间”可以帮助你，尤其是当你很难为长期存在的问题找到创造性的解决方案时)”可知，本段的建议是给自己一些思考时间，B选项“给自己时间思考。”切题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
由小标题“Seek out new experiences. (寻求新的体验)”和下文“Getting out of your comfort zone is an easy way to get a fresh viewpoint and go back to the problem or project you are working on with a renewed sense of energy. You may try taking a walk in an area you’ve never visited. (走出你的舒适区是一种简单的方式，可以获得新的观点，并以新的能量感回到你正在处理的问题或项目。你可以试着去一个你从未去过的地方散步)”可知，该空承接上下文讲寻求新的体验，即要去挑战新的东西，避免没有挑战性的活动，C选项“避免那些对你没有挑战性的活动。”切题。故选C项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Have imaginary conversations. Your own imagination can also be a great way of gaining new experiences. Pretend that you are talking to someone you find fascinating or a role model, such as a famous or influential person from history. (进行想象中的对话。你自己的想象力也是获得新体验的好方法。假装你在和一个你觉得很吸引人或是榜样的人交谈，比如一个历史上著名或有影响力的人)”可知，E选项“闭上你的眼睛，和这个人讨论你想到的任何话题。”切题，承接上文具体讲如何进行想象中的对话。故选E项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I don’t usually keep houseplants. They get either overwatered or underwatered. But after I got a terminal (晚期) brain cancer and needed a major operation, I ____21____ the idea of having something green around.
My friend gave me a lucky bamboo plant, which I told my wife I wanted to ____22____myself.
Caring for the plant gave me a sense of ____23____ when I felt useless. The disease ____24____my ability to walk. As a doctor, I was used to being the one who offered ____25____, not the one who received it. ____26____ the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to a main part of my old identity.
Over the next few months, I recovered from my ____27____ and returned to work. And the plant had doubled in height and its leaves were ____28____ and healthy. Both the tree and I were thriving (旺盛). Then, ____29____, whatever I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping. I grew more and more ____30____.
“If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too.” I couldn’t shake the feeling that the plant had become a(n) ____31____ of my health until I realized I had ____32____ connected my good care for the plant with my own survival. When my cancer unavoidably ____33____, I no longer thought it was any failure on my part. And as my anxiety ____34____, I began to learn how to better care for my plant. I put it to a larger pot (花盆), giving it ____35____ to grow. Gradually,we both began to thrive again.
21. A. doubted B. feared C. loved D. introduced
22. A. look after B. check out C. show off D. put away
23. A. emptiness B. belonging C. freedom D. achievement
24. A. proved B. limited C. tested D. strengthened
25. A. patience B. trust C. comfort D. care
26. A. Sharing B. Watering C. Observing D. Decorating
27. A. injury B. operation C. stress D. loss
28. A. shiny B. strange C. dusty D. colorful
29. A. normally B. consequently C. mysteriously D. undoubtedly
30. A. bored B. annoyed C. lonely D. anxious
31. A. example B. result C. gift D. symbol
32. A. slightly B. secretly C. wrongly D. hardly
33. A. returned B. changed C. disappeared D. started
34. A. increased B. lessened C. spread D. exploded
35. A. energy B. nutrition C. room D. time
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在得了癌症后养了一盆植物，把它视为自己健康的象征，后来作者开始学习如何照顾植物，渐渐地，作者和植物都开始茁壮成长起来。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我得了晚期脑癌，需要做一次大手术之后，我喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西的想法。A. doubted怀疑；B. feared害怕；C. loved爱；D. introduced介绍。根据最后一段的“I began to learn how to better care for my plant”可知，作者在一次大手术之后，喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西的想法。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的朋友给了我一株幸运的竹子，我告诉我的妻子我要自己照顾它。A. look after照顾；B. check out查看；C. show off炫耀；D. put away收起，放好。根据下文“Caring for the plant gave me a sense of”可知，作者自己照顾竹子。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我觉得自己一无是处的时候，照顾这株植物给了我一种成就感。A. emptiness空虚；B. belonging所有物；C. freedom自由；D. achievement成就。根据最后一段的“I began to learn how to better care for my plant”可知，句子表示“照顾这株植物给了我一种成就感”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种病限制了我行走的能力。A. proved证明；B. limited限制；C. tested测试；D. strengthened加强。根据第一段的“I got a terminal (晚期) brain cancer”可知，作者有癌症，这种病限制了作者行走的能力。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，我习惯了成为提供治疗的人，而不是接受治疗的人。A. patience耐心；B. trust信任；C. comfort安慰；D. care关心。根据上文“As a doctor”可知，作为一名医生，作者习惯了成为提供治疗的人。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水，尽管是一件小事，却把我和我过去身份的一个主要部分联系起来。A. Sharing分享；B. Watering浇水；C. Observing观察；D. Decorating装饰。根据下文“the plant, as small an act as it was”可知，句子表示“给植物浇水，尽管是一件小事，却把我和我过去身份的一个主要部分联系起来”。故选B。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我从手术中恢复过来，回到了工作岗位。A. injury受伤；B. operation手术；C. stress压力；D. loss损失。根据第一段的“needed a major operation”和下文“returned to work”可知，作者从手术中恢复过来，回到了工作岗位。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这株植物长了一倍高，叶子又亮又健康。A. shiny光滑发亮的；B. strange奇怪的；C. dusty布满灰尘的；D. colorful富有色彩的。根据下文“and healthy”可知，这株植物长了一倍高，叶子又亮又健康。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，不可思议的是，不管我怎么做，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落。A. normally通常，平常；B. consequently因此，结果；C. mysteriously难以理解地；D. undoubtedly无疑，肯定。根据下文“whatever I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping”可知，句子表示“不可思议的是，不管我怎么做，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得越来越焦虑。A. bored感到无聊的；B. annoyed生气的；C. lonely孤单的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“whatever I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping”可知，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落，所以作者感到焦虑。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这棵植物已经成为我健康的象征，直到我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起。A. example例子；B. result结果；C. gift礼物；D. symbol象征。根据上文“If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too”可知，作者把这棵植物当作自己健康的象征。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这棵植物已经成为我健康的象征，直到我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起。A. slightly稍微；B. secretly秘密地；C. wrongly错误地；D. hardly几乎不。根据下文“connected my good care for the plant with my own survival”可知，此处表示“我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的癌症不可避免地复发时，我不再认为这是我的失败。A. returned重新出现；B. changed改变；C. disappeared消失；D. started开始。根据上文“the leaves kept browning and dropping”和“If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too”可知，作者的癌症复发，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始学习如何更好地照顾我的植物。A. increased增加；B. lessened减少；C. spread传播；D. exploded爆炸。根据上文“I no longer thought it was any failure on my part”可知，作者的焦虑减轻了。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它放在一个更大的花盆里，给它生长的空间。A. energy能量；B. nutrition营养；C. room空间；D. time时间。根据上文“I put it to a larger pot”可知，作者把植物放在一个更大的花盆里，给它生长的空间。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Lanzhou, Gansu province, the day begins ____36____a hot bowl of beef noodles.
According to a recent archaeological ____37____(discover) in Qinghai Province where a 50-centimeter-long noodle was unearthed, the noodles have a history of about 4,000 years.
Recently, the first recipe (菜谱) for Lanzhou beef noodles was discovered in ____38____unusual form of a poem (古诗) by the late 18th century scholar Chen Weijing. Few ____39____(write) recipes survive from the Qing Dynasty, because cook ____40____(consider) a lower-end profession (职业) then, which hardly attracted educated people. The poem listed two ingredients per line, although without further ____41____(instruction) such as the amount of each ingredient or the cooking time.
The second person ____42____(improve) Lanzhou beef noodles was a cook named Ma Zilu,____43____ lived in the early twentieth century. By that time, hundreds of beef noodle restaurants had opened in Lanzhou, and the taste in each location differed ____44____(significant). After achieving a form of unity among the different restaurants in Lanzhou, Ma later opened a small food cart and traveled around China, ____45____ (introduce) the dish all the way to the southeast port city of Guangzhou.
【答案】36. with
37. discovery
38. an 39. written
40. was considered
41. instructions
42. to improve
43. who 44. significantly
45. introducing
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是兰州拉面的起源和发展。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：在甘肃兰州，一天的开始是一碗热腾腾的牛肉面。begin with是固定短语，意为“以……开始”，故填with。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：根据最近在青海省的一项考古发现，一根50厘米长的面条出土，面条的历史大约有4000年。archaeological是形容词，修饰名词，此处意为“发现”，名词是discovery，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填discovery。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最近，兰州牛肉面的第一个配方是由18世纪晚期的学者陈维景在一首不同寻常的诗中发现的。form是可数名词单数，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unusual是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清代流传下来的书面食谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词recipes，此处表示“书面食谱”，空格处意为“书面的”，形容词是written。故填written。
【40题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：清代流传下来的书面食谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。厨师被认为是一种低端职业，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语cook是单数，因此空格处是was considered。故填was considered。
【41题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：这首诗每行列出了两种食材，尽管没有进一步说明每种食材的用量或烹饪时间。instruction是可数名词，不只一个，因此空格处用复数，故填instructions。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫Ma Zilu的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。person前有序数词修饰，空格处用不定式作后置定语，故填to improve。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫Ma Zilu的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Ma Zilu是人，关系代词用who，故填who。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：到那时，兰州已经开了数百家牛肉面店，每个地方的味道都有很大不同。空格处用副词修饰动词differed，significant的副词是significantly，意为“大大地”，故填significantly。
【45题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在兰州不同的餐馆之间达成某种形式的统一后，马后来开了一辆小吃车，走遍中国，把这道菜一路介绍到东南港口城市广州。句中谓语是opened a small food cart and traveled around China，空格处用非谓语动词，Ma和introduce之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填introducing。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节单句翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
46. 母亲节是我们陪伴母亲并表达感激之情的日子。(keep sb company,定语从句) （汉译英）
【答案】Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company and express/show/extend/convey our gratitude/thanks.##Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company, expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致，固定短语和定语从句。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“母亲节”是Mother’s Day，“是我们陪伴母亲并表达感激之情的日子”用定语从句，先行词是“日子”，即a time/a day/an occasion，用when引导的定语从句，“我们陪伴母亲”是we keep our mothers company，“表达感激之情”是express/show/extend/ convey our gratitude/thanks，可用and表并列，也可用现在分词作状语，即expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks，因此整句话翻译为“Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company and express/show/extend/ convey our gratitude/thanks.或Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep mother company, expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks.”。故答案为Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company and express/show/extend/ convey our gratitude/thanks.或Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep mother company, expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks.
47. 被他们的表演所吸引，她决定参加校乐队的选拔。(try out，过去分词作状语) （汉译英）
【答案】Absorbed in their performance(s), she decided to try out for the school band.##Attracted by their performance(s), she decided to try out for the school band.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定短语和时态。分析句子结构，本句可使用非谓语动词短语作状语，“吸引”（absorb/attract）和逻辑主语“她”（she）之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词。“被……所吸引”可表示为absorbed in或attracted by；“表演”可表示为performance，为可数名词，“他们的表演”可用名词复数，也可用名词单数；“决定”可表示为decide，decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，不定式作宾语；“参加……的选拔”可表示为try out for；“校乐队”可表示为school band。根据语境，这里说的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：Absorbed in/Attracted by their performance(s), she decided to try out for the school band.
48. 大多数人定期锻炼身体，希望改善健康状况。(majority, regular) （汉译英）
【答案】A majority of people take regular exercise, hoping to improve their health.##A majority of people work out in (the) hope of improving their health.##A majority of people work out with the hope of improving their health.##A majority of people exercise in (the) hope of improving their health.##A majority of people exercise with the hope of improving their health.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和非谓语动词。“大多数人”翻译为a majority of people；“定期”用regular或短语on a regular basis； “锻炼身体”用短语 take exercise或work out或动词exercise；“希望”为hope，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，或用短语in (the) hope of/with the hope of；“改善健康状况”翻译为improve their health。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为A majority of people take regular exercise, hoping to improve their health./A majority of people work out/exercise on a regular basis, in (the) hope of/with the hope of improving their health.
49. 自从他去北京闯荡后，他的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。(seek one’s fortune，现在完成时) （汉译英）
【答案】Since he went to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed./ Since going to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和时间状语从句。“自从”用连词since，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。“去北京”翻译为go to Beijing，后接不定式作目的状语；“闯荡”用短语seek one’s fortune；“他的生活”翻译为his life；“翻天覆地的变化”翻译为greatly change，与主语之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故翻译为Since he went to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed./Since going to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed.
50. 正要离开时，她注意到一个男孩被一群青少年包围(be about to，过去分词作宾补) （汉译英）
【答案】She was about to leave when she noticed a boy surrounded by a group of teenagers.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和固定句型。“正要做……的时候，突然……”用句型be about to...when...；“注意到”用动词notice；“一个男孩”翻译为 a boy，在句中作宾语。“包围”用surround，和逻辑主语boy之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。“一群青少年”翻译为 a group of teenagers。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为She was about to leave when she noticed a boy surrounded by a group of teenagers.
第二节应用文写作(满分25分)
51. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Jerry来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，恰逢你校开设了英文线上课程——“中国戏曲鉴赏（Appreciation of Chinese Opera）”，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括：
1.开设时间；
2.课程内容；
3.推荐理由。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jerry,
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese culture, I’d like to recommend to you our school’s online course Appreciation of Chinese Traditional Opera.
The course, which aims to bring authentic Chinese traditional opera for students both at home and abroad, is scheduled to be available in September on our school website, which will get updated every Monday morning. In this course, you will get to know the history and various types of Chinese opera, which are all of unique characteristics. Kunqu Opera, for example, is well-known for its poctic language and delicate movements. Moreover, it will introduce the music in opera, which is usually accompanied by traditional Chinese instruments like erhu. The most attractive part, in my opinion, is the fancy costumes and makeup. In a word, the course is a good chance for you to deepen your understanding of Chinese traditional culture.
I do hope my recommendation can be of help.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给新西兰朋友Jerry写一封回信，向他推荐学校开设的英文线上课程——中国戏曲鉴赏。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在：aim to do→be intended to do
各种各样的：various→varied
例如：for example→for instance
著名的：well-known→noted
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In a word, the course is a good chance for you to deepen your understanding of Chinese traditional culture.
拓展句：In a word, the course is a good chance for you which will help you deepen your understanding of Chinese traditional culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The course, which aims to bring authentic Chinese traditional opera for students both at home and abroad, is scheduled to be available in September on our school website, which will get updated every Monday morning. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I do hope my recommendation can be of help. (运用了强调句句式)
金华十校2022-2023学年第二学期期末调研考试
高一英语试题卷
本试卷分为第【卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ喜(非选择题)，共150分，考试时间120分钟。请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂写在答题纸上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共95分)
第一部分(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which place does the woman want to go?
A. A bank. B. Wall Street. C. A shopping mall.
2. What’s the weather like now?
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C.Windy.
3. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.
4. Where might the speakers be?
A. On a playground. B. In a party hall. C. At a swimming pool.
5. What is the man doing?
A. Cashing a check. B. Applying for a credit card. C.Paying the bill.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What does the man think of the test?
A. It was too difficult. B.It was tiring. C. It was useless.
7. What is the man most likely going to study?
A. English. B. Medicine. C. Science.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. According to the man, what might be wrong with the computer?
A. The system is out of order.
B. The battery needs charging.
C.There are too many old files.
9. When did the service contract run out?
A. Five years ago. B. Four years ago. C.One year ago.
10. What did the woman decide to do in the end?
A. Borrow a computer. B. Get a new computer. C. Lend the man some mo
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think about her courses?
A. They are too general.
B. Some of them are quite dull.
C. Most of them are pretty difficult.
12. What does the man think of dropping out courses?
A. It is too late.
B. It is easy and convenient.
C. It should be thought twice.
13. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Sign up for new courses.
B. Get a degree in business.
C. Talk to her father to change his idea.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On the telephone.
B. At a ticket office.
C. At an airport information center.
15. How does the woman suggest the man get to his final destination?
A. By taxi. B.By subway. C. By airport shuttle.
16. How much time does the man have to collect his luggage?
A. About an hour.
B. At least two hours.
C. About one and a half hours.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. At what time did the power go out?
A. 6:07 p.m. B. 5:45 p.m. C. 5:30 p.m.
18. Which building still has electricity?
A. The cafeteria. B.The West dorms. C. The science building.
19. What happened to the classes in the affected buildings?
A. They’ve been moved to another building.
B. They’ve been held online.
C. They’ve been called off.
20. What does the speaker advise people to do?
A. Call 911 if there is an emergency.
B. Use candles in the campus buildings.
C. Share the updates on the school’s website.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Philip Guston Now
March 2 - August 27, 2023
East Building, Concourse, National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Philip Guston Now records the 50-year career of one of America’s most powerful modern artists through more than 150 paintings and drawings. Famous in his time and in ours, Guston’s work continues to remind, attract, and arouse, raising important questions about the relationship of art to beauty and cruelty, freedom and doubt, politics and the imagination.
Organization
The exhibition is organized by the National Gallery of Art, Washington; the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; Tate Modern, London; and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston.
Other venues(会场)
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, May 1 - September 11, 2022
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, October 23, 2022 - January 15, 2023
Tate Modern, London, October 5, 2023 - February 25, 2024
Exhibition Support
Major support for the international tour of the exhibition is provided by the Terra
Foundation for American Art. The Director’s Circle of the National Gallery of Art and the Edwin L. Cox Exhibition Fund provided additional funding. The exhibition is supported by an indemnity(保障)from the Federal Council on the Arts and the Humanities.
Passes
Sign up at the exhibition entrance. Sometimes, you may have to join a virtual line upon arrival. While waiting, you can explore other parts of the museum. Groups are limited to six people.
1. What kind of works could you see in Guston’s exhibition?
A. Photography works. B. Drawings.
C. Calligraphy works. D. Carvings.
2. Where should you go if you want to visit Guston’s exhibition on December 15, 2023?
A. Tate Modern, London. B. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
C. Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. D. National Gallery of Art, Washington DC.
3. What is a must for the visitors to enter the exhibition?
A. Waiting in a virtual line. B. Joining a visiting group.
C. Applying online before arrival. D. Registering at the exhibition entrance.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了Philip Guston油画展览的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Philip Guston Now records the 50-year career of one of America’s most powerful modern artists through more than 150 paintings and drawings. Famous in his time and in ours, Guston’s work continues to remind, attract, and arouse, raising important questions about the relationship of art to beauty and cruelty, freedom and doubt, politics and the imagination.(Philip Guston现在通过150多幅油画和素描记录了美国最具影响力的现代艺术家之一的50年职业生涯。古斯顿的作品在他的时代和我们的时代都很有名，他的作品继续提醒、吸引和唤起人们，提出了关于艺术与美与残酷、自由与怀疑、政治与想象之间关系的重要问题)”可知，在Guston的展览中你能看到油画和素描。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Other venues下的“Tate Modern, London, October 5, 2023 - February 25, 2024”可知，如果你想在2023年12月15日参观Guston的展览，你应该去Tate Modern, London。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sign up at the exhibition entrance. Sometimes, you may have to join a virtual line upon arrival. While waiting, you can explore other parts of the museum. Groups are limited to six people.(在展览入口处登记。有时，您可能需要在抵达时加入虚拟线路。在等待期间，您可以探索博物馆的其他部分。团体限制为六人)”可知，参观者进入展览会必须在展览入口处登记。故选D项。
B
LONDON - Britain made meteorological (气象学的) history on Tuesday when temperatures in some places topped 40℃ for the first time ever recorded in the United Kingdom.
It was a day of hot milestones(里程碑) in Britain, where in the morning the temperature was 39.1℃, the highest level ever recorded in the United Kingdom. That record was broken about two hours later, when Britain’s national weather service said the temperature at Heathrow Airport hit 40.2’℃. If confirmed, it would be the first time that the temperature in Britain had gone beyond 40’℃. However, by the afternoon, the temperature hit40.3. The extreme weather brought great sufferings to the local people.
The hot, dry conditions also put great burden on emergency services. Fires spread in some areas of Britain and even other European countries. In France and Spain, firefighters have been battling wildfires that have burned forest and bush and in some places, forced people to leave. On Tuesday, more than 2,000 firefighters were facing off against a big fire in the southwest Britain that has forced 37,000 people to leave their homes this week.
In Britain, the government advised people to work from home, but for schools, to stay open - a request that some areas had ignored, sending students home.
Trains are particularly affected by high heat because the infrastructure (基础建设)-rails and overhead wires - is not built to deal with extremely hot temperatures. Network Rail, which operates the country’s rail system, issued a “do not travel” warning for trains in some areas. Several train companies said they planned to cancel all service running north from the capital. The London Underground, most of which does not have air conditioning.has also stopped some of its service.
4. What was the recent problem with the United Kingdom?
A. It suffered a lot from high heat.
B. Its emergency services broke down.
C. It didn’t have experienced firefighters.
D. Its people were forced to leave their country.
5. What was the British government’s suggestion for its people?
A. Don’t go travelling. B. Send students home.
C. Choose homeworking. D. Go to schools for shelter.
6 Why couldn’t trains run normally in Britain recently?
A. They were out of date.
B. Some companies canceled all the train service.
C. The whole country’s railway system was in poor condition.
D. The railway infrastructure is not built to run on extremely hot days.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. A Look into British Train System
B. The U.K. Reaches a Record High
C. The Hottest Weather Is the Most Harmful
D. The Battle over Hot Summer in the World
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了英国一些地方的气温首次突破40℃，创造了气象历史。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The extreme weather brought great sufferings to the local people. (极端天气给当地人民带来了巨大的苦难。)”以及第三段“The hot, dry conditions also put great burden on emergency services. (炎热、干燥的环境也给应急服务带来了巨大的负担。)”可知，英国受高温的影响很大，不管是人民还是当地政府。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In Britain, the government advised people to work from home, but for schools, to stay open - a request that some areas had ignored, sending students home.(在英国，政府建议人们在家工作，但学校要保持开放——一些地区忽视了这一要求，让学生回家。)”可知，英国政府建议人们在家工作。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Trains are particularly affected by high heat because the infrastructure (基础建设)-rails and overhead wires - is not built to deal with extremely hot temperatures.(火车特别容易受到高温的影响，因为基础设施(铁轨和架空电线)不是为应对极端高温而建造的。)”以及“The London Underground, most of which does not have air conditioning, has also stopped some of its service.(伦敦地铁，由于大部分没有空调，也停止了部分服务。)”可知，英国铁路之所以停止运营，是因为铁路基础设施不是为在极端炎热的天气运行而建造的。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“LONDON - Britain made meteorological (气象学的) history on Tuesday when temperatures in some places topped 40℃ for the first time ever recorded in the United Kingdom.(伦敦——周二，英国一些地方的气温首次突破40℃，创造了气象历史。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要报道了英国的一些地方气温突破40℃，创造了气象历史。所以“The U.K. Reaches a Record High(英国达到历史新高)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
C
Years ago, as a business reporter, I interviewed an advertising manager. I was there to ask about the latest campaign. But when I sat down, he wanted to talk about writing novels.
He spent hours meeting with clients(客户), but he dreamed of being a novelist instead. I remember thinking: Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn’t?
A decade later, however, I was surprised to see the same person on TV, holding up his new book. James Patterson had developed into a best-selling author. He has since published more than 100 New York Times best sellers.
“I never thought of myself as an advertising person,” he told me when I asked how he’d done it. “I always planned to be a writer.” Mr. Patterson’s ability to sec himself as a writer shows a term(术语) “possible selves.” It describes how people envision their futures: what they may become, or want to become, etc.
The term, created in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius,grew out of research on self-concept and self-perception(自我知觉).While self-concepts, like “I am a kind person” or “I am a good parent”, are based on the present, the researchers found that people are also influenced by possible selves - what they might become in the future and how they might change.
These possible selves,both positive and negative,are closely related to motivation (动机).In a small study, when young adults were made to envision themselves as either regular exercisers (hoped-for selves) or inactive (feared selves),both groups exercised more in the weeks afterward. But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future.
A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, “if you build a bridge from your ‘now’ self to the possible self,” Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge?
8. What was the author’s attitude towards James Patterson’s dream at first?
A. Doubtful. B. Curious. C. Worried. D. Disappointed.
9 What does the underlined word “envision” mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Face. B. Imagine. C. Make. D. Determine.
10. What can we learn about “possible self” from paragraphs 5 and 6?
A. It is a necessity for a better future.
B. It refers to a person’s present behaviors.
C. Negative possible selves cannot inspire people.
D. Imagining positive possible selves can promote one’s health.
11. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?
A. How a possible self can be of help.
B. How to connect “now” self and possible self.
C. What could be done to change one’s possible self.
D. What motivation is needed to have a positive self.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经采访一个广告经理，这位经理说自己想成为作家，多年后，这位经理真的梦想成真。作者由此了解了一个专业术语“可能的自我”，每个人都会受到可能的自我的影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I remember thinking: Sure, everybody dreams to be a novelist. Who doesn’t?(我记得我当时想:当然，每个人都梦想成为小说家。谁不？)”可推断，作者最初听到这位广告经理的梦想时感到怀疑。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“what they may become, or want to become, etc.(他们可能成为什么，或者想成为什么，等等。)”可知，下文是人们对自己未来的畅想。选项A“Face (面对)”；选项B“Imagine (想象)”；选项C“Make (制作)”；选项D“Determine (决定)”。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“But researchers have found that imagining positive possible selves can improve health and reduce depression by holding out the hope for a better future.(但研究人员发现，想象积极可能的自我可以通过对更美好的未来抱有希望来改善健康和减少抑郁。)”可知，想象积极的可能的自我对我们的健康有好处。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“A possible self can help you realize daydreams, which seem to be unrealistic, “if you build a bridge from your ‘now’ self to the possible self,” Dr. Markus said. But how do we build that bridge?(“如果你在‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间架起一座桥梁，” Markus博士说，“一个可能的自我可以帮助你实现白日梦，而这些白日梦似乎是不现实的。”但我们要如何搭建那座桥呢？)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如果在‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间架起一座桥梁，一个可能的自我可以帮助我们实现白日梦。再根据最后一句“But how do we build that bridge?”可知，接下来文章将会介绍如何建立‘现在的’自己和‘可能的’自己之间的一座桥梁。故选B。
D
Researchers in Australia and the US are starting a multi-million dollar project to bring the Tasmanian tiger, nicknamed thylacine(袋狼), back from extinction. The last known one died in 1939.
The team say it can be recreated using stem cells(干细胞)and gene-editing(基因编辑)technology, and the first thylacine could be reintroduced to the wild in 10 years’ time. They plan to take stem cells from a living species with similar DNA, and then use gene-editing technology to ”bring back“ the extinct species - or an extremely close one of it.
It would be a great achievement for the researchers attempting it, and require a number of scientific breakthroughs.
The population of Tasmanian tigers dropped when humans arrived in Australia tens of thousands of years ago, and again when dingoes - a species of wild dog - appeared.Eventually, the species only lived free on the island of Tasmania, and was finally hunted to extinction.
If scientists were to succeed, it would mark the first “de-extinction“ event in history, but many outside experts doubt it, and believe that the project is more about media attention for the scientists and less about doing serious science.
The idea of bringing back the extinct has been around for more than 20 years. In 1999, the Australian Museum started to pursue a project to clone the Tasmanian tiger, and various attempts have been made ever since to get or rebuild DNA from samples. The US firm made headlines last year with its plans to use similar gene editing technology to bring the woolly mammoth back to life - a technological achievement yet to be made.
12. Which of the following might be the major reason for thylacine’s extinction?
A. Habitat loss. B. Climate change.
C. Human activities. D. Wild dog protection.
13. What do many outside experts think of bringing back extinct thylacine?
A. It will make history.
B. It is particularly difficult.
C. It deserves greater attention.
D. It is more of a piece of eye-catching news.
14. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Future for bringing back the extinct.
B. Benefits of bringing back the extinct.
C. Previous efforts to bring back the extinct.
D. Technology needed to bring back the extinct.
15. In which column of a magazine can we read this passage?
A. Science and Technology. B. History and Traditions.
C. Nature and Environment. D. Culture and Society.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚和美国的研究人员正在开展一个项目：使用干细胞和基因编辑技术来重建袋狼。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The population of Tasmanian tigers dropped when humans arrived in Australia tens of thousands of years ago, and again when dingoes - a species of wild dog - appeared. Eventually, the species only lived free on the island of Tasmania, and was finally hunted to extinction. (当数万年前人类来到澳大利亚时，塔斯马尼亚虎的数量下降了，当澳洲野狗(一种野狗)出现时，塔斯马尼亚虎的数量又下降了。最终，这个物种只在塔斯马尼亚岛上自由生活，并最终被猎杀灭绝。)”可知，塔斯马尼亚虎，也就是袋狼的灭绝的主要原因可能是人类活动。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒是第二段“If scientists were to succeed, it would mark the first “de-extinction“ event in history, but many outside experts doubt it, and believe that the project is more about media attention for the scientists and less about doing serious science.( 如果科学家们成功了，这将标志着历史上第一次“灭绝动物复活”事件，但许多外部专家对此表示怀疑，并认为该项目更多地是媒体对科学家的关注，而不是做严肃的科学研究。)”可知，许多外部科学家认为恢复灭绝的袋狼更像是一条引人注目的新闻，故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“The idea of bringing back the extinct has been around for more than 20 years. In 1999, the Australian Museum started to pursue a project to clone the Tasmanian tiger, and various attempts have been made ever since to get or rebuild DNA from samples. The US firm made headlines last year with its plans to use similar gene editing technology to bring the woolly mammoth back to life - a technological achievement yet to be made.(复活灭绝物种的想法已经存在了20多年。1999年，澳大利亚博物馆开始进行一项克隆塔斯马尼亚虎的项目，从那以后，人们进行了各种尝试，从样本中获取或重建DNA。去年，这家美国公司计划利用类似的基因编辑技术让长毛象复活，这一技术成就还有待实现。)”可知，本段主要讲述了一些恢复灭绝物种的以前的努力，1999年，澳大利亚博物馆开始进行一项克隆塔斯马尼亚虎的项目，去年，美国公司计划利用类似的基因编辑技术让长毛象复活。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Researchers in Australia and the US are starting a multi-million dollar project to bring the Tasmanian tiger, nicknamed thylacine(袋狼), back from extinction. The last known one died in 1939.( 澳大利亚和美国的研究人员正在启动一项耗资数百万美元的项目，以拯救外号为袋狼的塔斯马尼亚虎，使其免于灭绝。最后一个已知的人死于1939年。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述介绍了澳大利亚和美国的研究人员正在开展一个项目：使用干细胞和基因编辑技术来重建袋狼。因此推动最有可能来自科学技术栏目，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Being creative means allowing yourself to relax and think outside of box. It is significant not only for artists, writers, musicians, etc., but also for business people, students, and many others. Yet sometimes we have problems being creative. A lack of creativity can be frustrating and can sometimes limit your ability to be excellent in your career or personal life. ____16____
Expose (使……接触) yourself to new ideas and information. In order to produce creative ideas, you will need a flow of new ideas. ____17____ For example, you may try reading lots of books, subscribing to a magazine on topics that interest you, or watching a documentary film on a topic you are unfamiliar with.
____18____You can do this both before you start working and during your work. Devoted “think-time” can help you, especially if you’re having trouble finding creative solutions to long-standing problems.
Seek out new experiences. ____19____ Getting out of your comfort zone is an easy way to get a fresh viewpoint and go back to the problem or project you are working on with a renewed sense of energy. You may try taking a walk in an area you’ve never visited.
Have imaginary conversations. Your own imagination can also be a great way of gaining new experiences. Pretend that you are talking to someone you find fascinating or a role model, such as a famous or influential person from history. ____20____Cultivating your creativity takes time and effort, but can also be lots of fun.
A. Spend time alone.
B. Give yourself time to think.
C. Avoid activities that don’t challenge you.
D. But with some helpful tips you can develop your creativity.
E. Close your eyes, and discuss with this person whatever topic comes to mind.
F. Seeing the work of others might inspire you and give you ideas to explore further.
G. Make time to talk to lots of different people and ask them questions about their ideas.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些激发创造性的建议。
【16题详解】
由上文“A lack of creativity can be frustrating and can sometimes limit your ability to be excellent in your career or personal life. (缺乏创造力可能会让人沮丧，有时会限制你在职业或个人生活中表现出色的能力)”结合下文小标题“Expose (使……接触) yourself to new ideas and information. (让自己接触新的想法和信息)”，“Seek out new experiences. (寻求新的体验)”和“Have imaginary conversations. (进行想象中的对话)”可知，该空引出话题，承接下文讲发展创造力的一些建议，D选项“但是，有了一些有用的建议，你可以发展你的创造力。”切题，承上启下。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由小标题“Expose (使……接触) yourself to new ideas and information. (让自己接触新的想法和信息)”和下文“For example, you may try reading lots of books, subscribing to a magazine on topics that interest you, or watching a documentary film on a topic you are unfamiliar with. (例如，你可以试着读很多书，订阅一本关于你感兴趣的主题的杂志，或者看一部关于你不熟悉的主题的纪录片)”可知，该空承接上下文讲通过让自己接触新的想法和信息来发展创造力，F选项“看到别人的作品可能会激励你，并给你进一步探索的想法”切题，是一个具体例子。故选F项。
【18题详解】
该空是本段主旨句，需总结下文。由下文“Devoted “think-time” can help you, especially if you’re having trouble finding creative solutions to long-standing problems. (投入的“思考时间”可以帮助你，尤其是当你很难为长期存在的问题找到创造性的解决方案时)”可知，本段的建议是给自己一些思考时间，B选项“给自己时间思考。”切题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
由小标题“Seek out new experiences. (寻求新的体验)”和下文“Getting out of your comfort zone is an easy way to get a fresh viewpoint and go back to the problem or project you are working on with a renewed sense of energy. You may try taking a walk in an area you’ve never visited. (走出你的舒适区是一种简单的方式，可以获得新的观点，并以新的能量感回到你正在处理的问题或项目。你可以试着去一个你从未去过的地方散步)”可知，该空承接上下文讲寻求新的体验，即要去挑战新的东西，避免没有挑战性的活动，C选项“避免那些对你没有挑战性的活动。”切题。故选C项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Have imaginary conversations. Your own imagination can also be a great way of gaining new experiences. Pretend that you are talking to someone you find fascinating or a role model, such as a famous or influential person from history. (进行想象中的对话。你自己的想象力也是获得新体验的好方法。假装你在和一个你觉得很吸引人或是榜样的人交谈，比如一个历史上著名或有影响力的人)”可知，E选项“闭上你的眼睛，和这个人讨论你想到的任何话题。”切题，承接上文具体讲如何进行想象中的对话。故选E项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I don’t usually keep houseplants. They get either overwatered or underwatered. But after I got a terminal (晚期) brain cancer and needed a major operation, I ____21____ the idea of having something green around.
My friend gave me a lucky bamboo plant, which I told my wife I wanted to ____22____myself.
Caring for the plant gave me a sense of ____23____ when I felt useless. The disease ____24____my ability to walk. As a doctor, I was used to being the one who offered ____25____, not the one who received it. ____26____ the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to a main part of my old identity.
Over the next few months, I recovered from my ____27____ and returned to work. And the plant had doubled in height and its leaves were ____28____ and healthy. Both the tree and I were thriving (旺盛). Then, ____29____, whatever I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping. I grew more and more ____30____.
“If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too.” I couldn’t shake the feeling that the plant had become a(n) ____31____ of my health until I realized I had ____32____ connected my good care for the plant with my own survival. When my cancer unavoidably ____33____, I no longer thought it was any failure on my part. And as my anxiety ____34____, I began to learn how to better care for my plant. I put it to a larger pot (花盆), giving it ____35____ to grow. Gradually,we both began to thrive again.
21. A. doubted B. feared C. loved D. introduced
22. A. look after B. check out C. show off D. put away
23. A. emptiness B. belonging C. freedom D. achievement
24. A. proved B. limited C. tested D. strengthened
25. A. patience B. trust C. comfort D. care
26. A. Sharing B. Watering C. Observing D. Decorating
27. A. injury B. operation C. stress D. loss
28. A. shiny B. strange C. dusty D. colorful
29. A. normally B. consequently C. mysteriously D. undoubtedly
30. A. bored B. annoyed C. lonely D. anxious
31. A. example B. result C. gift D. symbol
32. A. slightly B. secretly C. wrongly D. hardly
33. A. returned B. changed C. disappeared D. started
34. A. increased B. lessened C. spread D. exploded
35. A. energy B. nutrition C. room D. time
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在得了癌症后养了一盆植物，把它视为自己健康的象征，后来作者开始学习如何照顾植物，渐渐地，作者和植物都开始茁壮成长起来。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我得了晚期脑癌，需要做一次大手术之后，我喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西的想法。A. doubted怀疑；B. feared害怕；C. loved爱；D. introduced介绍。根据最后一段的“I began to learn how to better care for my plant”可知，作者在一次大手术之后，喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西的想法。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的朋友给了我一株幸运的竹子，我告诉我的妻子我要自己照顾它。A. look after照顾；B. check out查看；C. show off炫耀；D. put away收起，放好。根据下文“Caring for the plant gave me a sense of”可知，作者自己照顾竹子。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我觉得自己一无是处的时候，照顾这株植物给了我一种成就感。A. emptiness空虚；B. belonging所有物；C. freedom自由；D. achievement成就。根据最后一段的“I began to learn how to better care for my plant”可知，句子表示“照顾这株植物给了我一种成就感”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种病限制了我行走的能力。A. proved证明；B. limited限制；C. tested测试；D. strengthened加强。根据第一段的“I got a terminal (晚期) brain cancer”可知，作者有癌症，这种病限制了作者行走的能力。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，我习惯了成为提供治疗的人，而不是接受治疗的人。A. patience耐心；B. trust信任；C. comfort安慰；D. care关心。根据上文“As a doctor”可知，作为一名医生，作者习惯了成为提供治疗的人。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水，尽管是一件小事，却把我和我过去身份的一个主要部分联系起来。A. Sharing分享；B. Watering浇水；C. Observing观察；D. Decorating装饰。根据下文“the plant, as small an act as it was”可知，句子表示“给植物浇水，尽管是一件小事，却把我和我过去身份的一个主要部分联系起来”。故选B。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我从手术中恢复过来，回到了工作岗位。A. injury受伤；B. operation手术；C. stress压力；D. loss损失。根据第一段的“needed a major operation”和下文“returned to work”可知，作者从手术中恢复过来，回到了工作岗位。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这株植物长了一倍高，叶子又亮又健康。A. shiny光滑发亮的；B. strange奇怪的；C. dusty布满灰尘的；D. colorful富有色彩的。根据下文“and healthy”可知，这株植物长了一倍高，叶子又亮又健康。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，不可思议的是，不管我怎么做，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落。A. normally通常，平常；B. consequently因此，结果；C. mysteriously难以理解地；D. undoubtedly无疑，肯定。根据下文“whatever I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping”可知，句子表示“不可思议的是，不管我怎么做，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得越来越焦虑。A. bored感到无聊的；B. annoyed生气的；C. lonely孤单的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“whatever I did, the leaves kept browning and dropping”可知，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落，所以作者感到焦虑。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这棵植物已经成为我健康的象征，直到我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起。A. example例子；B. result结果；C. gift礼物；D. symbol象征。根据上文“If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too”可知，作者把这棵植物当作自己健康的象征。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这棵植物已经成为我健康的象征，直到我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起。A. slightly稍微；B. secretly秘密地；C. wrongly错误地；D. hardly几乎不。根据下文“connected my good care for the plant with my own survival”可知，此处表示“我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的癌症不可避免地复发时，我不再认为这是我的失败。A. returned重新出现；B. changed改变；C. disappeared消失；D. started开始。根据上文“the leaves kept browning and dropping”和“If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too”可知，作者的癌症复发，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始学习如何更好地照顾我的植物。A. increased增加；B. lessened减少；C. spread传播；D. exploded爆炸。根据上文“I no longer thought it was any failure on my part”可知，作者的焦虑减轻了。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它放在一个更大的花盆里，给它生长的空间。A. energy能量；B. nutrition营养；C. room空间；D. time时间。根据上文“I put it to a larger pot”可知，作者把植物放在一个更大的花盆里，给它生长的空间。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Lanzhou, Gansu province, the day begins ____36____a hot bowl of beef noodles.
According to a recent archaeological ____37____(discover) in Qinghai Province where a 50-centimeter-long noodle was unearthed, the noodles have a history of about 4,000 years.
Recently, the first recipe (菜谱) for Lanzhou beef noodles was discovered in ____38____unusual form of a poem (古诗) by the late 18th century scholar Chen Weijing. Few ____39____(write) recipes survive from the Qing Dynasty, because cook ____40____(consider) a lower-end profession (职业) then, which hardly attracted educated people. The poem listed two ingredients per line, although without further ____41____(instruction) such as the amount of each ingredient or the cooking time.
The second person ____42____(improve) Lanzhou beef noodles was a cook named Ma Zilu,____43____ lived in the early twentieth century. By that time, hundreds of beef noodle restaurants had opened in Lanzhou, and the taste in each location differed ____44____(significant). After achieving a form of unity among the different restaurants in Lanzhou, Ma later opened a small food cart and traveled around China, ____45____ (introduce) the dish all the way to the southeast port city of Guangzhou.
【答案】36. with
37. discovery
38. an 39. written
40. was considered
41. instructions
42. to improve
43. who 44. significantly
45. introducing
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是兰州拉面的起源和发展。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：在甘肃兰州，一天的开始是一碗热腾腾的牛肉面。begin with是固定短语，意为“以……开始”，故填with。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：根据最近在青海省的一项考古发现，一根50厘米长的面条出土，面条的历史大约有4000年。archaeological是形容词，修饰名词，此处意为“发现”，名词是discovery，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填discovery。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最近，兰州牛肉面的第一个配方是由18世纪晚期的学者陈维景在一首不同寻常的诗中发现的。form是可数名词单数，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unusual是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清代流传下来的书面食谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词recipes，此处表示“书面食谱”，空格处意为“书面的”，形容词是written。故填written。
【40题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：清代流传下来的书面食谱很少，因为当时厨师被认为是一种低端职业，很难吸引受过教育的人。厨师被认为是一种低端职业，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语cook是单数，因此空格处是was considered。故填was considered。
【41题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：这首诗每行列出了两种食材，尽管没有进一步说明每种食材的用量或烹饪时间。instruction是可数名词，不只一个，因此空格处用复数，故填instructions。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫Ma Zilu的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。person前有序数词修饰，空格处用不定式作后置定语，故填to improve。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第二个改进兰州牛肉面的人是一位名叫Ma Zilu的厨师，他生活在20世纪初。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Ma Zilu是人，关系代词用who，故填who。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：到那时，兰州已经开了数百家牛肉面店，每个地方的味道都有很大不同。空格处用副词修饰动词differed，significant的副词是significantly，意为“大大地”，故填significantly。
【45题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在兰州不同的餐馆之间达成某种形式的统一后，马后来开了一辆小吃车，走遍中国，把这道菜一路介绍到东南港口城市广州。句中谓语是opened a small food cart and traveled around China，空格处用非谓语动词，Ma和introduce之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填introducing。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节单句翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
46. 母亲节是我们陪伴母亲并表达感激之情的日子。(keep sb company,定语从句) （汉译英）
【答案】Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company and express/show/extend/convey our gratitude/thanks.##Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company, expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致，固定短语和定语从句。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“母亲节”是Mother’s Day，“是我们陪伴母亲并表达感激之情的日子”用定语从句，先行词是“日子”，即a time/a day/an occasion，用when引导的定语从句，“我们陪伴母亲”是we keep our mothers company，“表达感激之情”是express/show/extend/ convey our gratitude/thanks，可用and表并列，也可用现在分词作状语，即expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks，因此整句话翻译为“Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company and express/show/extend/ convey our gratitude/thanks.或Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep mother company, expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks.”。故答案为Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep our mothers company and express/show/extend/ convey our gratitude/thanks.或Mother’s Day is a time/a day/an occasion when we keep mother company, expressing/showing/extending/conveying our gratitude/thanks.
47. 被他们的表演所吸引，她决定参加校乐队的选拔。(try out，过去分词作状语) （汉译英）
【答案】Absorbed in their performance(s), she decided to try out for the school band.##Attracted by their performance(s), she decided to try out for the school band.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定短语和时态。分析句子结构，本句可使用非谓语动词短语作状语，“吸引”（absorb/attract）和逻辑主语“她”（she）之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词。“被……所吸引”可表示为absorbed in或attracted by；“表演”可表示为performance，为可数名词，“他们的表演”可用名词复数，也可用名词单数；“决定”可表示为decide，decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，不定式作宾语；“参加……的选拔”可表示为try out for；“校乐队”可表示为school band。根据语境，这里说的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：Absorbed in/Attracted by their performance(s), she decided to try out for the school band.
48. 大多数人定期锻炼身体，希望改善健康状况。(majority, regular) （汉译英）
【答案】A majority of people take regular exercise, hoping to improve their health.##A majority of people work out in (the) hope of improving their health.##A majority of people work out with the hope of improving their health.##A majority of people exercise in (the) hope of improving their health.##A majority of people exercise with the hope of improving their health.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和非谓语动词。“大多数人”翻译为a majority of people；“定期”用regular或短语on a regular basis； “锻炼身体”用短语 take exercise或work out或动词exercise；“希望”为hope，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，或用短语in (the) hope of/with the hope of；“改善健康状况”翻译为improve their health。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为A majority of people take regular exercise, hoping to improve their health./A majority of people work out/exercise on a regular basis, in (the) hope of/with the hope of improving their health.
49. 自从他去北京闯荡后，他的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。(seek one’s fortune，现在完成时) （汉译英）
【答案】Since he went to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed./ Since going to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和时间状语从句。“自从”用连词since，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。“去北京”翻译为go to Beijing，后接不定式作目的状语；“闯荡”用短语seek one’s fortune；“他的生活”翻译为his life；“翻天覆地的变化”翻译为greatly change，与主语之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故翻译为Since he went to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed./Since going to Beijing to seek his fortune, his life has been greatly changed.
50. 正要离开时，她注意到一个男孩被一群青少年包围(be about to，过去分词作宾补) （汉译英）
【答案】She was about to leave when she noticed a boy surrounded by a group of teenagers.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和固定句型。“正要做……的时候，突然……”用句型be about to...when...；“注意到”用动词notice；“一个男孩”翻译为 a boy，在句中作宾语。“包围”用surround，和逻辑主语boy之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。“一群青少年”翻译为 a group of teenagers。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为She was about to leave when she noticed a boy surrounded by a group of teenagers.
第二节应用文写作(满分25分)
51. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Jerry来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，恰逢你校开设了英文线上课程——“中国戏曲鉴赏（Appreciation of Chinese Opera）”，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括：
1.开设时间；
2.课程内容；
3.推荐理由。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jerry,
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese culture, I’d like to recommend to you our school’s online course Appreciation of Chinese Traditional Opera.
The course, which aims to bring authentic Chinese traditional opera for students both at home and abroad, is scheduled to be available in September on our school website, which will get updated every Monday morning. In this course, you will get to know the history and various types of Chinese opera, which are all of unique characteristics. Kunqu Opera, for example, is well-known for its poctic language and delicate movements. Moreover, it will introduce the music in opera, which is usually accompanied by traditional Chinese instruments like erhu. The most attractive part, in my opinion, is the fancy costumes and makeup. In a word, the course is a good chance for you to deepen your understanding of Chinese traditional culture.
I do hope my recommendation can be of help.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给新西兰朋友Jerry写一封回信，向他推荐学校开设的英文线上课程——中国戏曲鉴赏。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在：aim to do→be intended to do
各种各样的：various→varied
例如：for example→for instance
著名的：well-known→noted
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In a word, the course is a good chance for you to deepen your understanding of Chinese traditional culture.
拓展句：In a word, the course is a good chance for you which will help you deepen your understanding of Chinese traditional culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The course, which aims to bring authentic Chinese traditional opera for students both at home and abroad, is scheduled to be available in September on our school website, which will get updated every Monday morning. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I do hope my recommendation can be of help. (运用了强调句句式)
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