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高中英语北师大版必修一知识点总结1（分单元编排）
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高中英语必修一知识点
unit 1
I---1Friendship
1.begood to 对……友好
be goodfor 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…
I will begood to other people.我会善良的对待其他人.
It wouldbe good for you to spend a holiday in the sun.在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。
TheOlympics will be good for business.奥运会的召开将有利于商业的发展。
be goodat 擅长make good 有成就；成功as good as 实际上；几乎等于
a gooddeal 许多，大量 彻底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink 喝个痛快
2.add up加起来
add up to合计，总计
add… to 把……加到…… add to 增加
Add upyour score and see how many points you get? 把你的分数加起来，看看得多少？
Somepeople can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
Goodfriends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help whenit is needed.
Thefigures add up to 270.这些数字加起来是270。
Youshouldn't add fuel to the flame 你不应该火上加油
Fireworksadded to the attraction of the festival night.焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。
The badweather added to the shipwrecked sailors’difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了失事船只的船员们的困难。
Yourfriend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.
not…until/till 意思是“直到…才”，表示主句谓语所表示的动作直到until状语所表示的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。
They didnot come back until eleven.他们会在十一点后回来。
I did notnotice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。
4.Youhad to pay to get it repaired
get sthdone 使……完成/让某人做某事
5.Youwill ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
I saidhello to her, but she ignored me completely!
calm …down使平息,使平静
calm down平息/平静下来
Thecrying child soon calmed down.哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来。
It was along time before he managed to calm himself down.过了很久他才努力使自己冷静下来。
We triedto calm him down, but he kept crying.
我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
6.Tellyour friend that you are concerned about him.be concerned about关心，挂念
He wasvery concerned about his children's education.他很关心他儿子的教育。
Pleasedon’t be concerned about me.请别为我操心。
Why isshe so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？
7.Yourfriend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
go onholiday 度假
be onholiday 正在休假
What funit will be when we all go on holiday together.我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.
take careof 爱护，照料
take care注意，当心
You arenot (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health.你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。
8.Whilewalking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.在遛狗的时候，你一粗心松开了手中的狗链。
当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
walk sbhome/ to a place: 为保证安全而陪某人去某地 It’slate ---- let me walk you home.
9.takeone’s end-of-term exam 参加期末考试? ???
10.3)Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help himcheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）
cheat inthe exam 考试作弊
11.lookat someone else’s paper 看别人的试卷
12.makea list of reasons 列举一些原因
13.Doyou want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelingsand thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗？
14.gothrough遭遇；经历；熬过；用光(钱)；获准，通过
It can gothrough the test of the time.它能经受时间的考验.
She knewthat she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.
He wouldgo through fire and water for his country.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
15.hide away??躲藏；隐藏
16.I don’t want to set down a series of facts in adiary as most people do,…我不愿像大多数人一样在日记中记流水账，……
Why don'tyou set your ideas down on paper?
We havehad a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
Thepolice asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
16.Iwonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do withnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
17.I canwell remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds,moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.??我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。
18.Istayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have agood look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
19.Butas the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。
Shespeaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
20.Ihappened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.黄昏时我碰巧在楼上，那时窗户是开着的。
sthhappen to sb 某人发生某事
Whathappened to him?
sb happento do sth 某人碰巧做某事? ?正巧it so happened that 。。。
Ithappened that he was seen by his father.= He happened to be seen by hisfather.
他碰巧被他父亲看见了。
As I wasabout to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
Thestreet lights go on at dusk.街上的路段在傍晚时分亮起来。
21.Itwas the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
It is thefirst (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
It wasthe first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用过去完成时)
the firsttime 可作从属连词用，引导时间状语从句。The first time I saw her, my heartstopped.
It wasthe first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
I thinkwe need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
I haveoften heard of her.Actually, I've never met her face to face.
22.inone’s power 处于……的控制之中
I havegot him in my power.I can ask him to do anything I want.我控制了他，我可以让他为我做任何事。
23.It’s no pleasure looking through these anylonger because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
It’s no good/ use doing sth.做某事时没用的。
24.Shefound it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
25.suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受
Most ofthe important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam.世界上大多数大城市都交通堵塞为患。
26.Itwas such fun to watch it run loose in the park.
27.I’vegot tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.
28.Ineed to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
29.Mumasked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with+名词/代词(宾格)+分词/形容词/介词短语/不定式/副词在句中常作伴随状语。动词形式的选择取决于宾语同动词之间的逻辑关系。
Themurderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
30.havesome trouble with sb or sth.在……上遇到了麻烦
I havesome trouble with my studies.
31.getalong … with sb/sth.与某人相处怎样/某事进展如何？
If youhave some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to theeditor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
32.Thishas made me angry.
…he made her diary her best friend…
make 后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb.do sth.让(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被动句中，不定式前要加to)
make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…Weshould do our best to make our country stronger and more beautiful.
make sb./oneself +v-ed 让某人/自己被…Whenyou speak, you should make yourself understood.
(4) makesb.+n.使某人成为…
make itn./adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.We made him leader of our team.(注意表示职位的名词前不加冠词)
He madeit easy for us to understand the text.
33.I’mnot good at communicating with people.
34.Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to makefriends with them.
35.I dowant to change this situation, but I don’t know how.
36.Mr.Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
37.Iwould be grateful if you could give me some advice.? ?如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。??（Iwould be grateful if…??委婉客气提出请求）
38.joinin discussions and show interest in other people’s ideas
39.It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary.? ?记日记对你来说是个好习惯。
40.Whynot have a try?
41.Truefriends are like wine; the older, the better.
42.Peopleare told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from thesea.
43.Afriend in need is a friend indeed.
unit 2
I---IIEnglish around the world
1.go tothe pictures去看电影（美）；go to the movies 去看电影（英）
2.…list the countries that use English as anofficial language 列举把英语用作官方语言的国家
3.theroad to …通向……之路
4.at theend of在……末端，在……尽头，by the end最后（=finally）
5.because of 因为…… （注意和because的区别）
Manybeautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。
Anargument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.
争论是不可避免的，因为他们彼此非常厌恶。
6.nativeEnglish speakers 以英语作为母语的人
7.evenif (= even thoug)即使，用来引导一个让步状语从句，后面既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但是even if/even though,引导的从句中不用将来时。如：Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we willleave for Beijing.
8.comeup 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出
9.Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicatewith each other.事实上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。
10.bedifferent from… 与……不同
be differentin … 在……不同
Most ofmy projects will be wildly different in performance from one night to the next.
我多数作品每天晚上的演奏风格都各不相同。
As weknow, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知，英国英语和美国英语有点不同。
11.bebased on 以……为基础The relationship between our twocountries is based upon mutual respect.两个国家的关系以相互尊重为基础。This book is based on a true story that happened in the 1930s.这本书以发生在20世纪三十年代的真实故事为基础。 The reporter asked the writer who he based his character on.记者问作家他作品的人物是以谁为原型的。
12.atpresent 目前，眼下be present at 在席；出席present sth to sb / present sb with sth把……推荐，呈现……for the present眼前；暂时presentoneself 出席；到场
13.make(great/ good/better/full)use of
We have alot of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我们有很多工作要做，所以要好好利用时间。
14.Thelatter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking.后者体现了美国英语的不同特色。
15.Forexample, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers becauseBritain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.比如说， 印度拥有众多讲英语流利的人，这是应为英国于1765到1947年统治过印度。(A small number of friends came to help himwhen he was in trouble)
16.suchas 例如
forexample In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy, girl, and book.这一段里面有很多名词，例如男孩、女孩和书本。Many great men have risen frompoverty---Lincoln, for example.许多伟人从贫困中崛起，例如林肯。You can take your research work for example.
你可以拿你的研究工作做个例子。
17.Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.目前在中学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
18.thelargest number of 大多数的
China hasthe largest number of people.中国有着世界上最多的人。
19.It isnot easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native speaker.中国人说英语很难像以英语为母语的人说英语那么流利。
20.Onereason is that English has a large vocabulary.一个原因是英语有很大的词汇量。
21.different English speaking countries 不同的说英语的国家
22.singsb a song = sing a song for sb
23.turnoff
turn on
turn up
turn down
24.holdon 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等—会hold on to vt.拉住(抓牢)
25.believe it or not 信不信由你
26.thosewho reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语
27.… you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which）people speak.你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
28.playa role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一个角色；参与
play animportant role/ part 在…中起重要作用
DengXiaoping played an important part in developing the economy in China.邓小平在中国经济的发展过程中起着重要作用。
29.fromone place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方
30.thesame …as… 与……一样
31.… they still recognize and understand eachother’s dialects.……他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
32.Noproblem.没问题
33.anice fall day = a lovely autumn day
34.atthe top of…在…顶上，在最高位，
at thebottom of 在……底部
35.keepfit
保持健康
You needexercise and keep fit.你需要运动和保持体形。
36.buildup逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强
bring up 教养，养育；提出
37.Whenyou learn English, try to have fun with the language.当学英语的时候，努力找出语言的乐趣。
38.Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum.博物馆要求参观的旅客不得在馆内拍照。
39.bycandle light 借助于烛光
40.besatisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
Never besatisfied with just a little success.不要有一点成绩就满足。
41.Shesuggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions,watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9, and trying to listen to nativespeakers.她建议用CD来听英语歌曲和学习英语短语，看新闻和中央电视台9套访谈，努力听以英语为母语的人说话。
It issuggested that ...有人提议...I suggest that ...我觉得[认为]
Isuggested you do what he says.我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggestyou not go tomorrow.我想你明天还是不要去了。
His paleface suggested that he was in bad health.他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
42.atsea在海上 当海员 迷惑, 茫然bysea乘船，经海路
by thesea
在海边, 在海岸边in the sea在海里
on thesea 在海上
beyond/overthe sea在海外
She triedto understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.
她费尽力气想看懂那些说明文字，却全然不知所云。
43.according to … 按照…… He lives according to her means他按他的方式生活
unit 3
I---IIITravel journal
1.prefer
preferdoing to talking 喜欢做而不喜欢说
Which ofthese two dresses do you prefer? 这两套衣服你喜欢哪一套？
I prererto go to America for my fruther study.我更愿意选择去美国进修学习。
Anneprefers me to replace her at the meeting.安妮更愿意我代替她去参加会议。
1.advantagesand disadvantages 优劣
2.How dothey make use of it in their daily life? 在日常生活中他们是如何利用它的
3.flowthrough 流过，流经
4.Eversince middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a greatbike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。? ?连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since 与表示过去某一点时间的词语连用，副词since 后不用从句或词语。
It is/hasbeen+一段时间+since+一般过去时(从句中的动作不能延续)自从……至今已经多久了。
sincethen 自从那时至今 ever since 从那以后一直
5.persuadesb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
Hepersuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。
6.grow up in western Yunnan 在云南西部长大
7..After graduating fro college, we finally gotthe chance to take a bike trip.大学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。
8.It wasmy sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River fromwhere it begins to where it ends.首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
强调句型It is/was…that/who 的用法归纳如下：
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。 强调句型应避免使用when, where, which 等连词。
含一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句句型:
① 含一般疑问句的强调句型，其结构为：Is it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分？
② 特殊疑问句的强调句型结构形式为：特殊疑问词+is/was it that/who+句子的其余部分？
9.schedualfor the trip 旅行计划
10.befond of 喜欢，喜爱
Althoughshe didn’t know the best way of getting toplaces, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。 （注意1：Although conj.“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。拓展：
① although 从句多在句首， though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。
② although 用来陈述事实而不用于假设，所以as though(仿佛，好像)，eventhough(即使，尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而although 不可以。注意2：insist在这里的意思是“坚持要求”后面的that从句用虚拟语气；如果insist 意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她强调她没撒谎。另外，还可以用insist on doing sth/ sth.一定要、坚持主张，如：She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大。）
11.careabout details 考虑细节 （Theonly thing he cares about is money.他唯一在乎的就是金钱。
care for 喜欢，照料，照顾 I don’treally care for red wine.我其实并不喜欢红葡萄酒。
Who willcare for your child if you are out? 如果你外出了，谁来照顾你的孩子？
12.giveme a determined look给了我一个坚定的眼神
13.changeone’s mind 改变主意
14.…she seemed to be excited about it.似乎显得兴奋
15.aninteresting experience一次有趣的经历
16.Onceshe has made up her mind, nothing can change it.Finally, I had to give in.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步了。Once 可作为从属连词，作“一(旦)……就……”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时，现在完成时表将来。
如：Once you have begin you mustcontinue.
Onceprinted，the book will be very popular。
17.Itbecomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across weternYunnan Province.它穿过深谷时就变成了急流，流经云南西部。
18.Itmakes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where ricegrows.河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻谷的平原。
19.He isso stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything.他太固执，没有一人能劝动他做事。
20.Adetermined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.不论工作多难，一个坚决的人总是努力地去完成它。
21.Mygrandapa is fond of fishing and sometimes he fishes all day in the river.我爷爷喜欢钓鱼，有时他整天在河边钓鱼。
22.Iprefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.我喜欢那件红色的衣服不喜欢那件绿色的，因为红色的更合我的身。
23.Theconcert went like clockwork because Li Pei organized it so well.音乐会顺利地进行，因为李佩组织地相当好。
24.Iwanted to pay the train fare, but my friend insisted.Finally I gave in.我想付火车票费用，但我朋友坚持他付。最后我让步了。
25.Shepersuaded all of us to cycle to work instead of taking the bus.她说服了我们不做公共汽车而是骑车去工作。
26.Asneither of them would give in, no decision was taken that day.由于双方都不让步，那天没有形成决议。
27.Thetask was difficult, but Helen’sdetermined expression let me know that she would not give up.虽然工作很难，但海伦的坚定神情使我知道她不会放弃。
28.How Iwish I could make a journey into space and see the stars up close.我多么希望我能够进行太空旅行，近距离地看看星星啊。
29.Thevery first time that Joe saw the film “ET” directed by Steven Spieberg, he made up hismind to become a director too.第一次看StevenSpieberg执导的电影“ET”时，他就下定决心也要当一名导演。
30.alarge parcel of 一大包
31.We aretaking out insurance to cover any problems.我们要投保给一切问题保险。
32.Ourlegs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.我们的腿又冷又沉，感觉就像大冰块。
33.Alongthe way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的孩子们停下来看我们。
34.However,the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.然而，湖水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。
35.asusual 像往常一样
36.At onepoint we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，仿佛骑车穿越云层。
37.We sawmany sheep eating green grass.我们看到羊群在吃草。
38.makecamp宿营
39.put upour tent 搭帐篷
40.stayawake 睡不着，醒着
41.atmidnight 在半夜
42.forcompany 做伴
43.liebeneath the stars 躺在星空下
44.We canhardly wait to see them.我们迫不及待地想要见到他们。
45.Goodluck on your journey.祝你旅途愉快
46.Whenyou go on a journey, why not keep a travel journey? 当你出游的时候问什么不记旅行日记呢？
47.seethe world through somebody else’seyes 通过别人的眼睛看世界
48.go inthe right direction 走正确的方向
49.Thetortoise moves at a very slow pace.乌龟以很慢的速度行进。If you pace yourself, you will be able to work efficiently.如果你为自己定好了速度，你就会高效地工作。
50.besimilar to 类似于
51.affordto do sth 付得起，能承担
52.betired from
因……而疲劳
be tiredof 对……厌倦
53.be inhigh spirits 喜气洋洋，兴高采烈
54.cometrue 实现，成真
55.Askthem to give you some advice on improving it.要他们就如何改进提一些建议。
56.aguide to… ……的指南
57.on atour 在游览中，在巡演中
58.indetail 详细地
unit 4
I---IVEarthquakes
1.Nowimagine there has been a big earthquake.现在，假设有一次大地震。
“There +be +主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。其它相似句型还有：
Therehappen to be 碰巧有
Thereseems/appears to be 好像有
There islikely to be 可能有
Theremay/might be 也许有
Theremust be 一定有
There can’t be 不可能有
There issaid/reported to be 据说/据报道有
Thereused to be 曾经有
There issure/certain to be 一定有
2.
happento.
It (so)happened that…
Did youhear what happened to David last night? 你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗?
What willhappen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?
Ihappened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
It sohappened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
Ihappened to be out when he called.他来访时，恰巧我出去了。(= It happened that I was out when he called.)
Ihappened on just the thing I had been looking for.我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。
3.rightaway毫不迟疑，立刻
He isill; you should call in the doctor right away.他病了,你应该立即请大夫来。
4.Asmelly gas came out of the cracks.裂缝里冒出臭气。
5.In thefarmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。
6.Butthe one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, wereasleep as usual that night.但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
7.Itseemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像；似乎”
① It seems/looks/appears asif/though…看起来好像…
② Sb./Sth.looks as if/though…(不用seem/appear)
③ There seems/appears(to be)…(不用look)
Thereappears to have been a mistake.=It appears that there has been a mistake.
④ It seems so.=So it seems.看来似乎是这样。
8.Infifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。
9.Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake.三人之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
10.Thenumber of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死伤的人数达到40多万。
10.Someof the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。
11.Allhope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句为部分否定。All, both, everyone, everybody,everything 以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none nobody, nothing, not…any,以及 no+名词都表示全部否定。如：
① Both of them haven’t read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故事。
② All of the boys are clever, butnone of them can work out this problem.这些男孩都很聪明，但没有一个人能解出这道题。
③ All bamboo doesn’t grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall.并非所有的竹子都长的高。
12.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
13.underthe weight of
在……重压下，迫于
14.inthe open air 在户外，在野外，露天
in theair 在空中，悬而未决
15.taketurns to do sth依次，轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地
It isyour turn now.现在轮到你了。
No one isallowed to get his ticket out of turn.任何人都不准不按次序买票。
16.beshocked at
对……感到震惊
17.beproud of
以……为自豪
18.Ouroffice would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28
19.express one’s thanks to sb /for sth…
对/因……表示感谢
20.without warning 毫无预兆
21.nextto紧接着，相邻，次于
22.getaway from…
避免，摆脱，离开
23.disarster-hit areas灾区
24.raisemoney 募捐，筹款
25.Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when weunderstand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
26.It isbelieved that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.人们认为地球表面是一些板块。
27.holdup举起；托住；支撑；使停滞;耽搁；提出；阻挡；列举，推举；(理论等)经得住
Women canhold up half of the sky.妇女能顶半边天。
28.makeup弥补, 虚构,缝制, 整理,包装, 和解,编辑, 化妆,补足,拼凑
Farmworkers make up only a small section of the population.农民只占人口的一小部分.
The boymade up a story; it was not true.男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
29.Thejudge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won thecompetition.裁判把奖金颁给赢得比赛的自行车选手，并向他祝贺。
30.Theminers who had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最后得到了营救。
31.Thereporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid thequestion.记者意识到女孩很害怕，而且尽力地回避问题。
32.Thebig fire destroyed two shops which are about four blocks from here.大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。
33.I can’t express how I am feeling at the moment.我无法表达我现在的感觉。
34.It issaid but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks.据说但是真实的，在地震中人们死于倒落的家具和砖块。
35.befixed to…被固定到……
36.betied to … 被绑在……
unit 5
I---VNelson Mandela—a modern hero
1.Agreat person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.伟人是把自己的生命奉献给帮助别人的人。（He started to study ecology anddecided to devote his whole life to the science.他开始研究生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。He devoted himself entirely to music.他将一生奉献给了音乐。）
2.fightagainst 对抗，反对，与……作斗争
We areall brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反对非正义行为的斗争中, 我们都是同志.
Peopleoften have to fight for their liberty.人们往往不得不为自由而战。
He andhis wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。
3.Heworked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers.作为一个医生他无私地在中国工作，并且拯救了很多中国战士。
4.Hestrongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights;people’s livelihood.
他主张三民主义：民主、民权、民生。
5.befree from 免于，不受
A judgemust be free from prejudice.法官必须不抱成见。
6.in apeaceful way 以和平的方式
7.be inprison 入狱，在狱中服刑
in theprison 在监狱
8.thesame…as…和……一样
9.thefirst man to land on the moon 第一个登上月球的人
10.Thetime when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。（定语从句）
11.Hewas generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。（He is generous with his money.他花钱大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感谢你的帮助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我们衷心感谢你。）
12.havelittle education 受的教育少
13.Icould not read or write well.我既不会读也不会写。
14.Iworried about whether I would become out of work.我担心我是不是会失业。
15.Ibecame more hopeful about my future.我对自己的未来充满了希望。（I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow.我对她明天要来抱着希望。）
16.assoon as I could 尽快， 马上
17.Thelast thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights andprogress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights atall.（定语从句） 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 （The19th century saw many changes.许多变革发生于19世纪。at an early stage in our history
在我们的历史早期）
18.…we were put into a position in which we hadeither to accept we were less important, or fight the government.我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
19.Onlythen did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。（Only 位于句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子采用部分倒装的语序；修饰状语从句时，只有主句采用部分倒装的语序。
如：① Only in this way can you come upwith a solution to the problem.只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
② Only after being asked threetimes did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才来参加会议。
③ Only when he is seriously illdoes he ever stay in bed.病的很重时，他才卧床休息。
Only thendid I realize my mistake.直到那时我才知道我的错误.）
20.as amatter of fact 事实上 （Asa matter of fact，it is health that counts.事实上，健康才是最重要的。 As a matter of fact, parents don’t want their children to be in trouble.事实上，父母都不希望子女有麻烦。）
21.In1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.
在1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。（Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres?
你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗?
Then itturned out that some stars, like our own sun will blow up one day.然后，事实上有些恒星，就像我们自己的太阳，有朝一日会爆炸。）
22.…I knew it would help us achieve our dream ofmaking black and white people equal.……我知道这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。
23.introuble 处于困境 遇到麻烦??
Do asyou're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble.叫你怎麽做就怎麽做, 否则有麻烦.
24.bewilling to do sth.愿意，乐于Only very few people would bewilling to share with him their opinions.很少有人愿意跟他分享他们的见解。
25.Whatwas his attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced? 他对黑人面临的不公平处境什么态度？
26.turnto 变成；求助于，借助于, 翻到，转向??
She hadno one to turn to for advice.
她没有一个可以商量的人。
Who can Iturn to in my hour of need? 在我需要的时候我能向谁求助呢？
As theywere out of work,??Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to their relatives for help.布莱克夫妇由于失业，不得不向亲戚求帮助。
27.… the quality of life for black people gotworse.…… 黑人的生活质量更糟糕。
28….many people remember me as one of the firstactive black fighters for human rights 很多人认为我是为人权而战的第一批积极的黑人战士之一。
29.loseheart 灰心;泄气,丧失勇气,失去信心
Difficultieswere increasing.Even then we did not lose heart.尽管困难在增加，但我们毫不灰心。
You willsucceed sooner or later while you don't lose heart.只要你不失去信心，你迟早会成功。
If youfail, you should not lose heart but just keep on going.如果你失败了，你也不该灰心。
30.escape from 逃脱，逃离，从……逃出
Helistens to music as an escape from the pressures of work.
他听音乐以缓解一下工作的压力.
He stayedin the background to escape from the public attention.他呆在幕后为了避开公众的注意。
Thecouple had a narrow escape from the fire.这对夫妻从火灾中死里逃生。
31.Hetaught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have beenasleep.在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。
shouldhave done 本应做而未做
needn’t have done 本不应做而做了
can’t have done 过去不可能做过
32.Hesaid they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他说他们不应该被剥夺通过学习获得学位的权利。
33.…but they did pass their exams.但是他们确实通过了考试。
34.Thatmade me feel good about myself.这让我觉得自己还不错。
35.bebetter educated 受到良好教育
36.Ididn’t work again for twenty yearsuntil the ANC came to power in 1994.在非国大于1994年执政之前，我有20年没有工作。（After Mandela came to power and became president, his government didtheir best to change the unfair situation for black people.曼德勒掌权成为总统后，他的政府尽力为黑人改变不平等的状况。）
37.Allthe terror and fear of that time came back to me.
我回忆起那时的所有的恐怖和令人畏惧的情景。
After theattack , her eyes filled with terror every time when she saw a dog.自从遭遇袭击之后，她每次看见狗，眼睛里都满是恐惧。
38.beproud to do sth.
I'll beproud to be part of it
我会以成为其中一份子而自豪。
be proudof sth
Youshould be proud of what you have achieved.你们应当为自己所取得的成绩而自豪。
39.setup创立，建立，为…作准备；竖立，架起，建造；开业，开始经商
Thecompany was set up ten years ago.
公司是十年前建立的。
He plansto set up his own business.
他决定自己做生意。
He beggedme to let him join the club we have just set up.他恳求我让他加入我们刚建立的俱乐部。
40.besentenced to … 被判处……
Hesuggested that the murderer referred to be sentenced to death at once.他建议所涉及到的杀人凶手立刻被判处死刑。
Robertwas sentenced to three years in prison for stealing and released a month ago.罗伯特因偷窃被判处三年监禁，于一个月前被释放。
41.Doyou have any thoughts on that? 你认为那怎么样？
42.to myunderstanding
按我的理解
43.Hewas in poor health in his youth so he had to be educated at home.他年轻时身体不好，所有只得在家接受教育。
44.beaccepted by … 被……录取、接受
45.givefree medical care to people there
给那儿的人免费医疗
As far asI know, in some developed countries people enjoy free medical care.就我所知，在一些发达国家人们享有免费医疗。
46.Hedied from blood poisoning.
他死于败血症。
47.Atthat time the war between China and Japan was under way.那时中日战争正在进行之中。
48.MaoZedong praised Bethune’s excellent qualities in thisarticle.毛泽东在这篇文章了赞扬了白求恩的优良品质。
49.pointof view 观察点；观点
Itdepends on your point of view.这将因个人观点而异。
50.compete with… 与……竞争??
If youwant to compete with someone, compete with yourself.如果你想同别人竞争，先同自己竞争。
51.advise
常用搭配
advise +n./pron.
advise +doing
advisesb.to do sth.
advise +that从句（从句的谓语用“should + v原”， should 常省略）
注：1）与advise用法类似的动词如forbid, ,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补（主补）时，宾补（主补）要用不定式。
如：We forbid smoking here.（宾语，用动名词） We forbid you to smoke here.（宾补，用动词不定式） You are forbidden to smoke here.（主补，用动词不定式）
2）区别：advise（劝说）/persuade（劝服）
1)我劝过他，但未能劝服他。_______________________________
unit 1
I---1Friendship
1.begood to 对……友好
be goodfor 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…
I will begood to other people.我会善良的对待其他人.
It wouldbe good for you to spend a holiday in the sun.在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。
TheOlympics will be good for business.奥运会的召开将有利于商业的发展。
be goodat 擅长make good 有成就；成功as good as 实际上；几乎等于
a gooddeal 许多，大量 彻底的；完全的；痛快的to have a good drink 喝个痛快
2.add up加起来
add up to合计，总计
add… to 把……加到…… add to 增加
Add upyour score and see how many points you get? 把你的分数加起来，看看得多少？
Somepeople can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
Goodfriends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help whenit is needed.
Thefigures add up to 270.这些数字加起来是270。
Youshouldn't add fuel to the flame 你不应该火上加油
Fireworksadded to the attraction of the festival night.焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。
The badweather added to the shipwrecked sailors’difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了失事船只的船员们的困难。
Yourfriend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.
not…until/till 意思是“直到…才”，表示主句谓语所表示的动作直到until状语所表示的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。
They didnot come back until eleven.他们会在十一点后回来。
I did notnotice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。
4.Youhad to pay to get it repaired
get sthdone 使……完成/让某人做某事
5.Youwill ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
I saidhello to her, but she ignored me completely!
calm …down使平息,使平静
calm down平息/平静下来
Thecrying child soon calmed down.哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来。
It was along time before he managed to calm himself down.过了很久他才努力使自己冷静下来。
We triedto calm him down, but he kept crying.
我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
6.Tellyour friend that you are concerned about him.be concerned about关心，挂念
He wasvery concerned about his children's education.他很关心他儿子的教育。
Pleasedon’t be concerned about me.请别为我操心。
Why isshe so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？
7.Yourfriend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
go onholiday 度假
be onholiday 正在休假
What funit will be when we all go on holiday together.我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.
take careof 爱护，照料
take care注意，当心
You arenot (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health.你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。
8.Whilewalking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.在遛狗的时候，你一粗心松开了手中的狗链。
当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
walk sbhome/ to a place: 为保证安全而陪某人去某地 It’slate ---- let me walk you home.
9.takeone’s end-of-term exam 参加期末考试? ???
10.3)Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help himcheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）
cheat inthe exam 考试作弊
11.lookat someone else’s paper 看别人的试卷
12.makea list of reasons 列举一些原因
13.Doyou want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelingsand thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗？
14.gothrough遭遇；经历；熬过；用光(钱)；获准，通过
It can gothrough the test of the time.它能经受时间的考验.
She knewthat she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.
He wouldgo through fire and water for his country.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
15.hide away??躲藏；隐藏
16.I don’t want to set down a series of facts in adiary as most people do,…我不愿像大多数人一样在日记中记流水账，……
Why don'tyou set your ideas down on paper?
We havehad a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
Thepolice asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
16.Iwonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do withnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
17.I canwell remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds,moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.??我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。
18.Istayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have agood look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
19.Butas the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。
Shespeaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
20.Ihappened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.黄昏时我碰巧在楼上，那时窗户是开着的。
sthhappen to sb 某人发生某事
Whathappened to him?
sb happento do sth 某人碰巧做某事? ?正巧it so happened that 。。。
Ithappened that he was seen by his father.= He happened to be seen by hisfather.
他碰巧被他父亲看见了。
As I wasabout to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
Thestreet lights go on at dusk.街上的路段在傍晚时分亮起来。
21.Itwas the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
It is thefirst (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
It wasthe first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用过去完成时)
the firsttime 可作从属连词用，引导时间状语从句。The first time I saw her, my heartstopped.
It wasthe first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
I thinkwe need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
I haveoften heard of her.Actually, I've never met her face to face.
22.inone’s power 处于……的控制之中
I havegot him in my power.I can ask him to do anything I want.我控制了他，我可以让他为我做任何事。
23.It’s no pleasure looking through these anylonger because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
It’s no good/ use doing sth.做某事时没用的。
24.Shefound it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
25.suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受
Most ofthe important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam.世界上大多数大城市都交通堵塞为患。
26.Itwas such fun to watch it run loose in the park.
27.I’vegot tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.
28.Ineed to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
29.Mumasked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with+名词/代词(宾格)+分词/形容词/介词短语/不定式/副词在句中常作伴随状语。动词形式的选择取决于宾语同动词之间的逻辑关系。
Themurderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
30.havesome trouble with sb or sth.在……上遇到了麻烦
I havesome trouble with my studies.
31.getalong … with sb/sth.与某人相处怎样/某事进展如何？
If youhave some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to theeditor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
32.Thishas made me angry.
…he made her diary her best friend…
make 后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb.do sth.让(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被动句中，不定式前要加to)
make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…Weshould do our best to make our country stronger and more beautiful.
make sb./oneself +v-ed 让某人/自己被…Whenyou speak, you should make yourself understood.
(4) makesb.+n.使某人成为…
make itn./adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.We made him leader of our team.(注意表示职位的名词前不加冠词)
He madeit easy for us to understand the text.
33.I’mnot good at communicating with people.
34.Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to makefriends with them.
35.I dowant to change this situation, but I don’t know how.
36.Mr.Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
37.Iwould be grateful if you could give me some advice.? ?如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。??（Iwould be grateful if…??委婉客气提出请求）
38.joinin discussions and show interest in other people’s ideas
39.It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary.? ?记日记对你来说是个好习惯。
40.Whynot have a try?
41.Truefriends are like wine; the older, the better.
42.Peopleare told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from thesea.
43.Afriend in need is a friend indeed.
unit 2
I---IIEnglish around the world
1.go tothe pictures去看电影（美）；go to the movies 去看电影（英）
2.…list the countries that use English as anofficial language 列举把英语用作官方语言的国家
3.theroad to …通向……之路
4.at theend of在……末端，在……尽头，by the end最后（=finally）
5.because of 因为…… （注意和because的区别）
Manybeautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。
Anargument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.
争论是不可避免的，因为他们彼此非常厌恶。
6.nativeEnglish speakers 以英语作为母语的人
7.evenif (= even thoug)即使，用来引导一个让步状语从句，后面既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但是even if/even though,引导的从句中不用将来时。如：Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we willleave for Beijing.
8.comeup 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出
9.Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicatewith each other.事实上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。
10.bedifferent from… 与……不同
be differentin … 在……不同
Most ofmy projects will be wildly different in performance from one night to the next.
我多数作品每天晚上的演奏风格都各不相同。
As weknow, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知，英国英语和美国英语有点不同。
11.bebased on 以……为基础The relationship between our twocountries is based upon mutual respect.两个国家的关系以相互尊重为基础。This book is based on a true story that happened in the 1930s.这本书以发生在20世纪三十年代的真实故事为基础。 The reporter asked the writer who he based his character on.记者问作家他作品的人物是以谁为原型的。
12.atpresent 目前，眼下be present at 在席；出席present sth to sb / present sb with sth把……推荐，呈现……for the present眼前；暂时presentoneself 出席；到场
13.make(great/ good/better/full)use of
We have alot of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我们有很多工作要做，所以要好好利用时间。
14.Thelatter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking.后者体现了美国英语的不同特色。
15.Forexample, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers becauseBritain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.比如说， 印度拥有众多讲英语流利的人，这是应为英国于1765到1947年统治过印度。(A small number of friends came to help himwhen he was in trouble)
16.suchas 例如
forexample In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy, girl, and book.这一段里面有很多名词，例如男孩、女孩和书本。Many great men have risen frompoverty---Lincoln, for example.许多伟人从贫困中崛起，例如林肯。You can take your research work for example.
你可以拿你的研究工作做个例子。
17.Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.目前在中学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
18.thelargest number of 大多数的
China hasthe largest number of people.中国有着世界上最多的人。
19.It isnot easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native speaker.中国人说英语很难像以英语为母语的人说英语那么流利。
20.Onereason is that English has a large vocabulary.一个原因是英语有很大的词汇量。
21.different English speaking countries 不同的说英语的国家
22.singsb a song = sing a song for sb
23.turnoff
turn on
turn up
turn down
24.holdon 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等—会hold on to vt.拉住(抓牢)
25.believe it or not 信不信由你
26.thosewho reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语
27.… you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which）people speak.你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
28.playa role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一个角色；参与
play animportant role/ part 在…中起重要作用
DengXiaoping played an important part in developing the economy in China.邓小平在中国经济的发展过程中起着重要作用。
29.fromone place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方
30.thesame …as… 与……一样
31.… they still recognize and understand eachother’s dialects.……他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
32.Noproblem.没问题
33.anice fall day = a lovely autumn day
34.atthe top of…在…顶上，在最高位，
at thebottom of 在……底部
35.keepfit
保持健康
You needexercise and keep fit.你需要运动和保持体形。
36.buildup逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强
bring up 教养，养育；提出
37.Whenyou learn English, try to have fun with the language.当学英语的时候，努力找出语言的乐趣。
38.Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum.博物馆要求参观的旅客不得在馆内拍照。
39.bycandle light 借助于烛光
40.besatisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
Never besatisfied with just a little success.不要有一点成绩就满足。
41.Shesuggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions,watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9, and trying to listen to nativespeakers.她建议用CD来听英语歌曲和学习英语短语，看新闻和中央电视台9套访谈，努力听以英语为母语的人说话。
It issuggested that ...有人提议...I suggest that ...我觉得[认为]
Isuggested you do what he says.我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggestyou not go tomorrow.我想你明天还是不要去了。
His paleface suggested that he was in bad health.他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
42.atsea在海上 当海员 迷惑, 茫然bysea乘船，经海路
by thesea
在海边, 在海岸边in the sea在海里
on thesea 在海上
beyond/overthe sea在海外
She triedto understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.
她费尽力气想看懂那些说明文字，却全然不知所云。
43.according to … 按照…… He lives according to her means他按他的方式生活
unit 3
I---IIITravel journal
1.prefer
preferdoing to talking 喜欢做而不喜欢说
Which ofthese two dresses do you prefer? 这两套衣服你喜欢哪一套？
I prererto go to America for my fruther study.我更愿意选择去美国进修学习。
Anneprefers me to replace her at the meeting.安妮更愿意我代替她去参加会议。
1.advantagesand disadvantages 优劣
2.How dothey make use of it in their daily life? 在日常生活中他们是如何利用它的
3.flowthrough 流过，流经
4.Eversince middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a greatbike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。? ?连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since 与表示过去某一点时间的词语连用，副词since 后不用从句或词语。
It is/hasbeen+一段时间+since+一般过去时(从句中的动作不能延续)自从……至今已经多久了。
sincethen 自从那时至今 ever since 从那以后一直
5.persuadesb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
Hepersuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。
6.grow up in western Yunnan 在云南西部长大
7..After graduating fro college, we finally gotthe chance to take a bike trip.大学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。
8.It wasmy sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River fromwhere it begins to where it ends.首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
强调句型It is/was…that/who 的用法归纳如下：
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。 强调句型应避免使用when, where, which 等连词。
含一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句句型:
① 含一般疑问句的强调句型，其结构为：Is it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分？
② 特殊疑问句的强调句型结构形式为：特殊疑问词+is/was it that/who+句子的其余部分？
9.schedualfor the trip 旅行计划
10.befond of 喜欢，喜爱
Althoughshe didn’t know the best way of getting toplaces, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。 （注意1：Although conj.“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。拓展：
① although 从句多在句首， though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。
② although 用来陈述事实而不用于假设，所以as though(仿佛，好像)，eventhough(即使，尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而although 不可以。注意2：insist在这里的意思是“坚持要求”后面的that从句用虚拟语气；如果insist 意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她强调她没撒谎。另外，还可以用insist on doing sth/ sth.一定要、坚持主张，如：She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大。）
11.careabout details 考虑细节 （Theonly thing he cares about is money.他唯一在乎的就是金钱。
care for 喜欢，照料，照顾 I don’treally care for red wine.我其实并不喜欢红葡萄酒。
Who willcare for your child if you are out? 如果你外出了，谁来照顾你的孩子？
12.giveme a determined look给了我一个坚定的眼神
13.changeone’s mind 改变主意
14.…she seemed to be excited about it.似乎显得兴奋
15.aninteresting experience一次有趣的经历
16.Onceshe has made up her mind, nothing can change it.Finally, I had to give in.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步了。Once 可作为从属连词，作“一(旦)……就……”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时，现在完成时表将来。
如：Once you have begin you mustcontinue.
Onceprinted，the book will be very popular。
17.Itbecomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across weternYunnan Province.它穿过深谷时就变成了急流，流经云南西部。
18.Itmakes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where ricegrows.河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻谷的平原。
19.He isso stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything.他太固执，没有一人能劝动他做事。
20.Adetermined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.不论工作多难，一个坚决的人总是努力地去完成它。
21.Mygrandapa is fond of fishing and sometimes he fishes all day in the river.我爷爷喜欢钓鱼，有时他整天在河边钓鱼。
22.Iprefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.我喜欢那件红色的衣服不喜欢那件绿色的，因为红色的更合我的身。
23.Theconcert went like clockwork because Li Pei organized it so well.音乐会顺利地进行，因为李佩组织地相当好。
24.Iwanted to pay the train fare, but my friend insisted.Finally I gave in.我想付火车票费用，但我朋友坚持他付。最后我让步了。
25.Shepersuaded all of us to cycle to work instead of taking the bus.她说服了我们不做公共汽车而是骑车去工作。
26.Asneither of them would give in, no decision was taken that day.由于双方都不让步，那天没有形成决议。
27.Thetask was difficult, but Helen’sdetermined expression let me know that she would not give up.虽然工作很难，但海伦的坚定神情使我知道她不会放弃。
28.How Iwish I could make a journey into space and see the stars up close.我多么希望我能够进行太空旅行，近距离地看看星星啊。
29.Thevery first time that Joe saw the film “ET” directed by Steven Spieberg, he made up hismind to become a director too.第一次看StevenSpieberg执导的电影“ET”时，他就下定决心也要当一名导演。
30.alarge parcel of 一大包
31.We aretaking out insurance to cover any problems.我们要投保给一切问题保险。
32.Ourlegs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.我们的腿又冷又沉，感觉就像大冰块。
33.Alongthe way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的孩子们停下来看我们。
34.However,the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.然而，湖水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。
35.asusual 像往常一样
36.At onepoint we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，仿佛骑车穿越云层。
37.We sawmany sheep eating green grass.我们看到羊群在吃草。
38.makecamp宿营
39.put upour tent 搭帐篷
40.stayawake 睡不着，醒着
41.atmidnight 在半夜
42.forcompany 做伴
43.liebeneath the stars 躺在星空下
44.We canhardly wait to see them.我们迫不及待地想要见到他们。
45.Goodluck on your journey.祝你旅途愉快
46.Whenyou go on a journey, why not keep a travel journey? 当你出游的时候问什么不记旅行日记呢？
47.seethe world through somebody else’seyes 通过别人的眼睛看世界
48.go inthe right direction 走正确的方向
49.Thetortoise moves at a very slow pace.乌龟以很慢的速度行进。If you pace yourself, you will be able to work efficiently.如果你为自己定好了速度，你就会高效地工作。
50.besimilar to 类似于
51.affordto do sth 付得起，能承担
52.betired from
因……而疲劳
be tiredof 对……厌倦
53.be inhigh spirits 喜气洋洋，兴高采烈
54.cometrue 实现，成真
55.Askthem to give you some advice on improving it.要他们就如何改进提一些建议。
56.aguide to… ……的指南
57.on atour 在游览中，在巡演中
58.indetail 详细地
unit 4
I---IVEarthquakes
1.Nowimagine there has been a big earthquake.现在，假设有一次大地震。
“There +be +主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。其它相似句型还有：
Therehappen to be 碰巧有
Thereseems/appears to be 好像有
There islikely to be 可能有
Theremay/might be 也许有
Theremust be 一定有
There can’t be 不可能有
There issaid/reported to be 据说/据报道有
Thereused to be 曾经有
There issure/certain to be 一定有
2.
happento.
It (so)happened that…
Did youhear what happened to David last night? 你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗?
What willhappen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?
Ihappened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
It sohappened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
Ihappened to be out when he called.他来访时，恰巧我出去了。(= It happened that I was out when he called.)
Ihappened on just the thing I had been looking for.我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。
3.rightaway毫不迟疑，立刻
He isill; you should call in the doctor right away.他病了,你应该立即请大夫来。
4.Asmelly gas came out of the cracks.裂缝里冒出臭气。
5.In thefarmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。
6.Butthe one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, wereasleep as usual that night.但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
7.Itseemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像；似乎”
① It seems/looks/appears asif/though…看起来好像…
② Sb./Sth.looks as if/though…(不用seem/appear)
③ There seems/appears(to be)…(不用look)
Thereappears to have been a mistake.=It appears that there has been a mistake.
④ It seems so.=So it seems.看来似乎是这样。
8.Infifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。
9.Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake.三人之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
10.Thenumber of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死伤的人数达到40多万。
10.Someof the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。
11.Allhope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句为部分否定。All, both, everyone, everybody,everything 以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none nobody, nothing, not…any,以及 no+名词都表示全部否定。如：
① Both of them haven’t read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故事。
② All of the boys are clever, butnone of them can work out this problem.这些男孩都很聪明，但没有一个人能解出这道题。
③ All bamboo doesn’t grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall.并非所有的竹子都长的高。
12.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
13.underthe weight of
在……重压下，迫于
14.inthe open air 在户外，在野外，露天
in theair 在空中，悬而未决
15.taketurns to do sth依次，轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地
It isyour turn now.现在轮到你了。
No one isallowed to get his ticket out of turn.任何人都不准不按次序买票。
16.beshocked at
对……感到震惊
17.beproud of
以……为自豪
18.Ouroffice would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28
19.express one’s thanks to sb /for sth…
对/因……表示感谢
20.without warning 毫无预兆
21.nextto紧接着，相邻，次于
22.getaway from…
避免，摆脱，离开
23.disarster-hit areas灾区
24.raisemoney 募捐，筹款
25.Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when weunderstand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
26.It isbelieved that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.人们认为地球表面是一些板块。
27.holdup举起；托住；支撑；使停滞;耽搁；提出；阻挡；列举，推举；(理论等)经得住
Women canhold up half of the sky.妇女能顶半边天。
28.makeup弥补, 虚构,缝制, 整理,包装, 和解,编辑, 化妆,补足,拼凑
Farmworkers make up only a small section of the population.农民只占人口的一小部分.
The boymade up a story; it was not true.男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
29.Thejudge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won thecompetition.裁判把奖金颁给赢得比赛的自行车选手，并向他祝贺。
30.Theminers who had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最后得到了营救。
31.Thereporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid thequestion.记者意识到女孩很害怕，而且尽力地回避问题。
32.Thebig fire destroyed two shops which are about four blocks from here.大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。
33.I can’t express how I am feeling at the moment.我无法表达我现在的感觉。
34.It issaid but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks.据说但是真实的，在地震中人们死于倒落的家具和砖块。
35.befixed to…被固定到……
36.betied to … 被绑在……
unit 5
I---VNelson Mandela—a modern hero
1.Agreat person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.伟人是把自己的生命奉献给帮助别人的人。（He started to study ecology anddecided to devote his whole life to the science.他开始研究生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。He devoted himself entirely to music.他将一生奉献给了音乐。）
2.fightagainst 对抗，反对，与……作斗争
We areall brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反对非正义行为的斗争中, 我们都是同志.
Peopleoften have to fight for their liberty.人们往往不得不为自由而战。
He andhis wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。
3.Heworked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers.作为一个医生他无私地在中国工作，并且拯救了很多中国战士。
4.Hestrongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights;people’s livelihood.
他主张三民主义：民主、民权、民生。
5.befree from 免于，不受
A judgemust be free from prejudice.法官必须不抱成见。
6.in apeaceful way 以和平的方式
7.be inprison 入狱，在狱中服刑
in theprison 在监狱
8.thesame…as…和……一样
9.thefirst man to land on the moon 第一个登上月球的人
10.Thetime when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。（定语从句）
11.Hewas generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。（He is generous with his money.他花钱大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感谢你的帮助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我们衷心感谢你。）
12.havelittle education 受的教育少
13.Icould not read or write well.我既不会读也不会写。
14.Iworried about whether I would become out of work.我担心我是不是会失业。
15.Ibecame more hopeful about my future.我对自己的未来充满了希望。（I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow.我对她明天要来抱着希望。）
16.assoon as I could 尽快， 马上
17.Thelast thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights andprogress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights atall.（定语从句） 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 （The19th century saw many changes.许多变革发生于19世纪。at an early stage in our history
在我们的历史早期）
18.…we were put into a position in which we hadeither to accept we were less important, or fight the government.我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
19.Onlythen did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。（Only 位于句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子采用部分倒装的语序；修饰状语从句时，只有主句采用部分倒装的语序。
如：① Only in this way can you come upwith a solution to the problem.只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
② Only after being asked threetimes did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才来参加会议。
③ Only when he is seriously illdoes he ever stay in bed.病的很重时，他才卧床休息。
Only thendid I realize my mistake.直到那时我才知道我的错误.）
20.as amatter of fact 事实上 （Asa matter of fact，it is health that counts.事实上，健康才是最重要的。 As a matter of fact, parents don’t want their children to be in trouble.事实上，父母都不希望子女有麻烦。）
21.In1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.
在1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。（Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres?
你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗?
Then itturned out that some stars, like our own sun will blow up one day.然后，事实上有些恒星，就像我们自己的太阳，有朝一日会爆炸。）
22.…I knew it would help us achieve our dream ofmaking black and white people equal.……我知道这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。
23.introuble 处于困境 遇到麻烦??
Do asyou're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble.叫你怎麽做就怎麽做, 否则有麻烦.
24.bewilling to do sth.愿意，乐于Only very few people would bewilling to share with him their opinions.很少有人愿意跟他分享他们的见解。
25.Whatwas his attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced? 他对黑人面临的不公平处境什么态度？
26.turnto 变成；求助于，借助于, 翻到，转向??
She hadno one to turn to for advice.
她没有一个可以商量的人。
Who can Iturn to in my hour of need? 在我需要的时候我能向谁求助呢？
As theywere out of work,??Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to their relatives for help.布莱克夫妇由于失业，不得不向亲戚求帮助。
27.… the quality of life for black people gotworse.…… 黑人的生活质量更糟糕。
28….many people remember me as one of the firstactive black fighters for human rights 很多人认为我是为人权而战的第一批积极的黑人战士之一。
29.loseheart 灰心;泄气,丧失勇气,失去信心
Difficultieswere increasing.Even then we did not lose heart.尽管困难在增加，但我们毫不灰心。
You willsucceed sooner or later while you don't lose heart.只要你不失去信心，你迟早会成功。
If youfail, you should not lose heart but just keep on going.如果你失败了，你也不该灰心。
30.escape from 逃脱，逃离，从……逃出
Helistens to music as an escape from the pressures of work.
他听音乐以缓解一下工作的压力.
He stayedin the background to escape from the public attention.他呆在幕后为了避开公众的注意。
Thecouple had a narrow escape from the fire.这对夫妻从火灾中死里逃生。
31.Hetaught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have beenasleep.在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。
shouldhave done 本应做而未做
needn’t have done 本不应做而做了
can’t have done 过去不可能做过
32.Hesaid they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他说他们不应该被剥夺通过学习获得学位的权利。
33.…but they did pass their exams.但是他们确实通过了考试。
34.Thatmade me feel good about myself.这让我觉得自己还不错。
35.bebetter educated 受到良好教育
36.Ididn’t work again for twenty yearsuntil the ANC came to power in 1994.在非国大于1994年执政之前，我有20年没有工作。（After Mandela came to power and became president, his government didtheir best to change the unfair situation for black people.曼德勒掌权成为总统后，他的政府尽力为黑人改变不平等的状况。）
37.Allthe terror and fear of that time came back to me.
我回忆起那时的所有的恐怖和令人畏惧的情景。
After theattack , her eyes filled with terror every time when she saw a dog.自从遭遇袭击之后，她每次看见狗，眼睛里都满是恐惧。
38.beproud to do sth.
I'll beproud to be part of it
我会以成为其中一份子而自豪。
be proudof sth
Youshould be proud of what you have achieved.你们应当为自己所取得的成绩而自豪。
39.setup创立，建立，为…作准备；竖立，架起，建造；开业，开始经商
Thecompany was set up ten years ago.
公司是十年前建立的。
He plansto set up his own business.
他决定自己做生意。
He beggedme to let him join the club we have just set up.他恳求我让他加入我们刚建立的俱乐部。
40.besentenced to … 被判处……
Hesuggested that the murderer referred to be sentenced to death at once.他建议所涉及到的杀人凶手立刻被判处死刑。
Robertwas sentenced to three years in prison for stealing and released a month ago.罗伯特因偷窃被判处三年监禁，于一个月前被释放。
41.Doyou have any thoughts on that? 你认为那怎么样？
42.to myunderstanding
按我的理解
43.Hewas in poor health in his youth so he had to be educated at home.他年轻时身体不好，所有只得在家接受教育。
44.beaccepted by … 被……录取、接受
45.givefree medical care to people there
给那儿的人免费医疗
As far asI know, in some developed countries people enjoy free medical care.就我所知，在一些发达国家人们享有免费医疗。
46.Hedied from blood poisoning.
他死于败血症。
47.Atthat time the war between China and Japan was under way.那时中日战争正在进行之中。
48.MaoZedong praised Bethune’s excellent qualities in thisarticle.毛泽东在这篇文章了赞扬了白求恩的优良品质。
49.pointof view 观察点；观点
Itdepends on your point of view.这将因个人观点而异。
50.compete with… 与……竞争??
If youwant to compete with someone, compete with yourself.如果你想同别人竞争，先同自己竞争。
51.advise
常用搭配
advise +n./pron.
advise +doing
advisesb.to do sth.
advise +that从句（从句的谓语用“should + v原”， should 常省略）
注：1）与advise用法类似的动词如forbid, ,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补（主补）时，宾补（主补）要用不定式。
如：We forbid smoking here.（宾语，用动名词） We forbid you to smoke here.（宾补，用动词不定式） You are forbidden to smoke here.（主补，用动词不定式）
2）区别：advise（劝说）/persuade（劝服）
1)我劝过他，但未能劝服他。_______________________________
