2023年高考英语真题完全解读（真题解读）（新高考I卷）

这是一份2023年高考英语真题完全解读（真题解读）（新高考I卷），共48页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

绝密★启用前
试卷类型：A
2023年高考英语真题完全解读（新高考全国卷I）
适用省份
山东、河北、江苏、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、山西、吉林、黑龙江、云南、浙江

本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时150分钟。
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力（1-20小题）在笔试结束后进行。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What will Jack probably do this weekend?
A. Go camping.
B. Visit a friend.
C. Watch a film.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Take care of her bags.
B. Pack the food for her.
C. Check the train schedule.
3. When will the man see Bob?
A. This Friday.
B. This Saturday.
C. Next Monday.
4. Why does the man apologize?
A. For the terrible food.
B. For the overcharge.
C. For the waiter’s rudeness.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Writing a book.
B. Holding a celebration.
C. Buying a present.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does Sara make the phone call?
A. To ask for advice.
B. To arrange an outing.
C. To cancel an appointment.
7. What does David want to do?
A. Go to a dinner party.
B. Talk to Sara in person.
C. Work on the new case.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where is Jim now?
A. In a taxi.
B. On a bus.
C. In his office.
9. What is the woman’s suggestion?
A. Going to the city center.
B. Taking a short cut home.
C. Meeting Jim in the park.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What did Clara do at the weekend?
A. She planted vegetables.
B. She went to a yard sale.
C. She visited her grandpa.
11. What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?
A. A plane ticket.
B. A family photo.
C. A post card.
12. Where does Mark live?
A. Los Angeles.
B. Chicago.
C. Philadelphia.
13. What is the relationship between Mark and Ashley?
A. Brother and sister.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Father and daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is probably the woman?
A. A teacher.
B. A journalist.
C. An athlete.
15. What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?
A. Adapting himself to the intense training.
B. Dealing with the pressure from the coach.
C. Regaining the skills learned in high school.
16. What does Victor say about the players on the team?
A. They are of the same age.
B. They are similar in character.
C. They are from different countries.
17. How does Victor feel about his team now?
A. It’s about to break up.
B. It’s the best in Indiana.
C. It’s getting stronger.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is Tom Hodgkinson?
A. Founder of a magazine.
B. Publisher of a novel.
C. Editor of a newspaper.
19. What do we know about the content of The Idler?
A. It’s old-fashioned.
B. It’s wide-ranging.
C. It’s student-targeted.
20. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To do a promotion.
B. To discuss an issue.
C. To introduce a lecturer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices

Hand Brake, Three Gears
Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour
€7.50
€5.00
3 hours
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hours)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additional day
€8.00
€6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1. What is an advantage of MacBike?
A. It gives children a discount. B. It of offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50.
3. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.

语篇解读
主旨概要
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
语言知识
词汇默写
1. sustainable 2. rental 3. strategic
4. available 5. variety 6. brake
7. additional 8. depart
词汇答案
1. sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的；养得起的；可承受的
2. rental n. 租费；租借adj. 租借的；地租的
3. strategic adj. 战略的；重要的；基本的
4. available adj. 可利用的；可得到的；有空的；有效的；<贬>【政】有资格的，适合的
5. variety n. 多样；种类；多样化n. 杂耍
6. brake n. 制动器；闸；刹车v. 刹车
7. additional adj. 附加的；额外的
8. depart vt. 离开 vi. 离开；死亡
重点短语
1. bike along 沿着······骑行
2. make sure 确保

【答案与解析】
1【答案】B
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
2【答案】C
细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
3【答案】D
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.

语篇解读
主旨概要
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
原文出处
Heroes of the Environment_ True Stories of People Who Are Helping to Protect Our Planet [2009] -- Harriet Rohmer, Julie McLaughlin
语言知识
词汇默写
1. process 2. combination 3. figured
4. substance 5. construct 6. fiberglass
7. tank 8. digested 9. facility
10. organism 11. inquire 12. erase
词汇答案
1. process n. 工序；过程v. 加工；处理；起诉；列队前进
2. combination n. 结合；结合到一起的事物或人；密码
3. figured adj. 有花纹的；图示的；富有文采的
4. substance n. 实质；物质；财产；内容；重要性
5. construct vt. 建造；构筑；造(句) n. 构想
6. fiberglass n. 玻璃纤维
7. tank n. 箱；罐；槽；贮水池；坦克 vt. 把 ... 储于槽中
8. digested n. 摘要vt. 消化；理解vi. 消化
9. facility n. 设备；设施；才能；资质；灵巧；熟练
10. organism n. 有机体；生物体；有机组织
11. inquire vt. 询问；查究vi. 询问；查究
12. erase v. 抹去；擦掉；[计算机]擦除
重点短语
1. solve problems 解决问题
2. flow through流过
3. clean up 清理
4. set task for 安排任务
5. got used to 习惯于
长难句分析
1. When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems.
句意为：当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。
句型分析：此句为“when”引导的时间状语从句，“observing how nature solved problems”为伴随状语，其中宾语从句“how nature solved problems”为observing的宾语。主句为“he loved to explore the woods”。
2. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.
句意为：例如，一条肮脏的溪流在流经植物和微小生物生活的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。
句型分析：主句为“A dirty stream became clear”。“after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.”为时间状语，其中“where”引导定语从句“where tiny creatures lived”修饰rocks。
3. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
句意为：当他长大后，约翰开始怀疑这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱。
句型分析：此句为复合句，其中when引导时间状语从句“When he got older”，if引导宾语从句“if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making”。

【答案与解析】
4【答案】C
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
5【答案】D
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。
6【答案】B
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
7【答案】A
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
8. What is the book aimed at?
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
9. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
10. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
11. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
1. minimalism 2. philosophy 3. foundation
4. increasingly 5. intolerable 6. conclude
7. adopt 8. optional9. massive
10. encounter 11. sustainable 12. leisure
13. mindless 14. toolbox 15. minimalist
16. particular 17. circumstance
语篇解读
主旨概要
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
原文出处
Digital Minimalism_ Choosing a Focused Life in a Noisy World [2019] -- Cal Newport
语言知识
词汇默写
1. minimalism 2. philosophy 3. foundation
4. increasingly 5. intolerable 6. conclude
7. adopt 8. optional 9. massive
10. encounter 11. sustainable 12. leisure
13. mindless 14. toolbox 15. minimalist
16. particular 17. circumstance
词汇答案
1. minimalism n. (艺术)极简主义
2. philosophy n. 哲学；哲理
3. foundation n. 根基；基础；根据；创建；基金(会)
4. increasingly adv. 逐渐地；越来越多地
5. intolerable adj. 无法忍受的；难耐的
6. conclude vt. 推断出；缔结；使结束vi. 结束；总结；作决定；作协议
7. adopt v. 采用；收养；接受
8. optional adj. 任选的
9. massive adj. 巨大的；大量的；大规模的；大范围的；严重的
10. encounter n. 意外的相见；邂逅；遭遇v. 遭遇；遇到；偶然碰到
11. sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的；养得起的；可承受的
12. leisure n. 闲暇；休闲
13. mindless adj. 不留神的；不顾虑的；无需动脑的；愚蠢的
14. toolbox n. 工具箱
15. minimalist n. 最低限要求者
16. particular adj. 特定的；专指的；特殊的；特别的；挑剔的n. 详情；细节
17. circumstance n. 环境；详情；事件；(复数)境况
重点短语
1. divide sth into 把……分为
2. move on 接着，继续
3. step away from 远离
4. carry out施行；实现
5. draw on凭借；动用；引用
6. take a closer look at深度探索
长难句分析
1. The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
句意为：这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学。
句型分析：该句式简单句，主干为“The goal of this book is to…, and then to teach…”,其中“including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works”非谓语动词结构是对前面的名词“digital minimalism”进行补充说明。

2. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
句意为：在第一部分中，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先检查了使如此多的人的数字生活越来越难以忍受的力量，然后进入了数字极简主义哲学的详细讨论。
句型分析：句子主干为“I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism”，其中starting非谓语结构为伴随状语，定语从句“that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable”修饰名词forces，“before moving on to”作为时间状语。

3. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
句意为：在三十天结束时，你将添加一小部分精心挑选的在线活动，你相信这些活动会给你所珍视的东西带来巨大的好处
句型分析：这是复合句，其中句子主干为“you will then add back online activities”，其中定语从句“that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.”修饰前面的名词activities。

4. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.
句意为：在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理。
句型分析：这是复合句，其中句子主干为“I’ll draw on an experiment”，其中定语从句“I ran in 2018”省略了引导词that，修饰experiment ，另一个定语从句“in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.”同样修饰experiment，表示在这个实验中……

5. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
句意为：您将听到这些参与者的故事，并了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到的哪些陷阱您应该避免。
句型分析：该句为复合句，主干为“You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn”，其中and连接两个宾语从句“what strategies worked well for them”和“what traps they encountered that you should avoid”，都作learn的宾语。

6. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.
句意为：每一章都以一系列实践作为结尾，这些实践旨在帮助您实现本章的宏伟构想。
句型分析：该句为复合句，主干为“Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices,”，其中非限制性定语从句“which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter”修饰前面的名词practices。

7. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
句意为：你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合你特定情况的极简主义生活方式。
句型分析：该句为复合句，句子主干为You can view these practices as a toolbox，其中“meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle”非谓语结构为目的状语，定语从句“that words for your particular circumstances”修饰前面的名词lifestyle。

【答案与解析】
8【答案】B
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
9【答案】A
词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. (这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
10【答案】C
推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. (在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理)”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选C。
11【答案】A
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. (你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式)”可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
13. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
14. What did the follow-up study focus on?
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
15. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.

语篇解读
主旨概要
本文是一篇说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
原文出处
https://www.npr.org/sections/13.7/2018/03/12/592868569/no-man-is-an-island-the-wisdom-of-deliberating-crowds
语言知识
词汇默写
1. statistician 2. illustrate 3. estimation
4. accurate 5. capitalize 6. overestimate
7. underestimate 8. Averaged 9. correlate
10. phenomenon 11. obtain 12. significantly
13. dominant 14. reason 15. limitation
16. potential 17. implication 18. enormous
词汇答案
1. statistician n. 统计学家；统计员
2. illustrate vt. 说明；（为书）作插图；图解vi. 举例说明；发亮
3. estimation n. 判断；估计；尊重
4. accurate adj. 准确的；精确的
5. capitalize vt. 以大写字母写；使 ... 资本化；估价vi. 利用
6. overestimate v. 过高估计；过高出价n. 估计过高；评价过高；出价过高
7. underestimate n. 低估v. 低估
8. averaged adj. 平均的；中和的
9. correlate vt. 使相互关联vi. 关联n. 相关物
10. phenomenon n. 现象；奇人；奇事
11. obtain vt. 获得；得到vi. 流行；通用；存在
12. significantly adv. 意味深长地；意义深远地；重要地；较大地
13. dominant adj. 主要的；占优势的；显性的n. 主宰者；显性基因
14. reason n. 原因；理由；理智；理性v. 理论；论证；推理；劝说
15. limitation n. 限制；限度；缺点
16. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的n. 潜力；潜能n. 电位；电势
17. implication n. 牵连；含意；暗示；卷入
18. enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的
重点短语
1. tend to 倾向于
2. result in 导致
3. for whatever reasons 不论理由是什么
长难句分析
1. On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
句意为：1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯•高尔顿(Francis Galton)发表了一篇论文，阐述了所谓的“群体智慧”效应。
句型分析：该句为复合句，主干为“the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper”，其中定语从句“which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect”修饰名词paper，在定语从句中，包含了一个由what引导的宾语从句“what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect”，作illustrated的宾语。

2. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
句意为：他进行的估计实验表明，在某些情况下，大量独立估计的平均值可以相当准确。
句型分析：该句式复合句，句子主干为“The experiment of estimation showed that”，其中定语从句“he conducted”省略引导词that，修饰前面的名词experiment，宾语从句“that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate”作showed的宾语。

3. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same.
句意为：这种效应利用了这样一个事实: 当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。
句型分析：该句为复合句，句子主干为“This effect capitalizes on the fact”，其中同位语从句“when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same”作fact的同位语，对其进行解释说明。

4. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
句意为：这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。
句型分析：该句为复合句，句子主干为“The key finding of the study was”，其中表语从句“that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.”，在表语从句中，定语从句“that were allowed to have a discussion”修饰前面的名词groups。

5. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
句意为：虽然纳瓦哈斯领导的研究有局限性，仍然存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。
句型分析：该句为复合句，句子主干为“the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous”，由although引导的让步状语从句“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain”，其中非谓语结构“led by Navajas”作后置定语修饰前面代名词studies。

【答案与解析】
12【答案】B
主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and come to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.(这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降。)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而导致更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
13【答案】D
细节理解题。根据第二段的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.(从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。)”和第三段的“The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.(这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确。)”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
14【答案】C
推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? ( 在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗？)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
15【答案】D
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.(尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.

语篇解读
主旨概要
本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
语言知识
词汇默写
1. responsibility 2. positive 3. iron
4. boost 5. characteristic
词汇答案
1. responsibility n. 责任；职责；责任心
2. positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；明确的；正面的；正数的；阳性的n. 正面；正数；正片；[语]原级
3. iron n. 熨斗；铁；刚强(复）irons: 镣铐.v. 熨；烫adj. 铁的；刚强的
4. boost v. 提高；增加；鼓励；举起；为...做宣传n. 增加；推进；鼓励
5. characteristic n. 特点；特性；特色adj. 典型的；特有的
重点短语
1.beat sb up痛打，狠揍，重伤（某人）
2. shine through 表现出来
长难句分析
1.It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.
句意为：可能是你帮朋友做作业的时候，可能是你没有人要求的情况下熨衣服的时候，也可能是你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。
句型分析：该句为复合句，句子的主干为“It might be the time”，其中or连接三个定语从句，分别是“when you helped a friend with their homework”，“when you did the ironing without being asked”和“when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day”。

2. That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.
句意为：这样，你们就可以交流思想，看看是什么让你们每个人与众不同，以及你们个性中表现出来的方方面面。
句型分析：该句为复合句，句子主干为“you could exchange thoughts on”，其中宾语从句“what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through”作为介词on的宾语。

【答案与解析】
16【答案】D
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
17【答案】B
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
18【答案】F
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
19【答案】C
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
20【答案】G
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange

语篇解读
主旨概要
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
原文出处
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/runner-carries-inured-opponent_n_6021498
语言知识
词汇默写
1. interrupt 2. assess 3. identify
4. ashamed 5. confused 6. discouraged
7. exchange
词汇答案
1. interrupt v. 打断；打扰；中断；阻碍n. [计算机]中断
2. assess v. 评定；评估；估算
3. identify vt. 鉴定；识别，辨认出，认出；认明；把…看成一样vi. 认同；感同身受
4. ashamed adj. 感到惭愧的；感到害臊的
5. confused adj. 困惑的；混乱的；混杂的
6. discouraged adj. 泄气的
7. exchange v. 交换；兑换n. 交换；交易所；兑换；交战
重点短语
1. struggle with 与 ... 斗争
2. go away 离开
3. step aside走开一点, 让开一点
4. bent down俯下身
考点分布
动词
名词
形容词、副词
动词短语
4 (21,25,29,33)
8(22,23,24,26,30,32,34,35)
2(28,31)
1 (27)

【答案与解析】
21【答案】D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
22【答案】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
23【答案】D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
24【答案】A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
25【答案】C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
26【答案】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
27【答案】D
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
28【答案】A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
29【答案】B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
30【答案】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
31【答案】C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
32【答案】D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
33【答案】A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
34【答案】C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
35【答案】B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。

第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.

考点分析
出处
https://go.huanqiu.com/article/47WKN2seQi4
年份
有提示词
无提示词
谓语动词
非谓语动词
词性转换
代词
冠词
介词
从属连词
并列连词
2023
0
4
2
1
1
1
0
1
2022
2
2
2
0
1
0
2
1
2021
1
2
3
1
1
0
1
1
2020
3
1
2
1
0
1
1
1
参考答案：
36. tasty 37. to bite 38. or 39. recognized 40. by
41. to be lifted 42. their 43. a 44. rarely 45. wanting
【答案与解析】
36【答案】tasty
考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
37【答案】to bite
考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
38【答案】or
考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
39【答案】recognized
考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
40【答案】by
考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
41【答案】to be lifted
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
42【答案】their
考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
43【答案】a
考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
44【答案】rarely
考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
45【答案】wanting
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括；
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80个左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.




Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

网络整理范文
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3. I think it’s not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don’t get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. This way, everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.



I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.



参考范文
【原创范文赏析】
Paragraph 1:
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. My name was announced as the winner in the writing contest, and I was invited to attend the award presentation. There, when I accepted the award, my heart skipped a beat, my breath caught in my throat, and tears filled my eyes. I had achieved something that I never thought was possible. It was a validation of all the hard work I had put in, of the long nights spent perfecting my essay. My teacher was right: I did have a good shot at this. (85词)
Paragraph 2:
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. Before I told him the good news, his face broadened into a grin. “You’re a writer.” He laughed out loud. His words filled me with confidence. It was then that I truly understood what I had accomplished was not just about winning a contest, but about realizing my own potential. His belief in me had given me the courage to try and to put in the effort. At that moment, gratitude enveloped me, for I discovered a single person can have a profound impact on others. (86词)
【分析】
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. [自然衔接开头语，其中award presentation呼应下一段开头语]My name was announced as the winner in the writing contest, and I was invited to attend the award presentation. There, when I accepted the award, my heart skipped a beat, my breath caught in my throat, and tears filled my eyes. I had achieved something that I never thought was possible. [呼应原文“我”为写作出的各种努力]It was a validation of all the hard work I had put in, of the long nights spent perfecting my essay. [自然衔接下一段开头语]My teacher was right: I did have a good shot at this. (85词)
Paragraph 2:
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. Before I told him the good news, his face broadened into a grin. [突出了老师对“我”的自信，其中laughed out loud呼应原文] “You’re a writer.” He laughed out loud. His words filled me with confidence. [主旨表达]It was then that I truly understood what I had accomplished was not just about winning a contest, but about realizing my own potential. His belief in me had given me the courage to try and to put in the effort. [升华主题]At that moment, gratitude enveloped me, for I discovered a single person can have a profound impact on others. (86词)

网络整理范文
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it!” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much!”
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.

附听力原文及解析
Text 1（37词）周末计划
W: Jack, are you going camping with your friends this weekend?
M: It depends. If it’s sunny, we’ll go.
W: The weatherman says it’s going to rain.
M: In that case, we’ll go to the cinema instead.
1. What will Jack probably do this weekend?
A. Go camping.
B. Visit a friend.
C. Watch a film.
答案：C
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：女士说“The weatherman says it’s going to rain.”，天气预报说周末有雨；男士说“In that case, we’ll go to the cinema instead.”，既然如此，他计划改成和朋友一起去看电影。
难点：注意留意“go to the cinema”与“watch a film”的同义转换。
重点词句：
weatherman n. 天气预报员
It depends. 视情况而定。

Text 2（38词）请求照看行李
W: Excuse me, could you mind my bags for a moment? I want to buy some food at the convenience store.
M: No problem. But be quick. It was announced that my train will arrive in 10 minutes.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Take care of her bags.
B. Pack the food for her.
C. Check the train schedule.
答案：A
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：女士询问“… could you mind my bags for a moment?”，希望男士帮助照看行李。
难点： 注意take care of和mind的同转。
重点词句：
mind <熟词生义> v. 照看；留心（某人/某事物）
convenience store 便利店

Text 3（41词）探望安排
W: Bob came out of hospital last Friday. Have you got a chance to visit him?
M: I plan to see him this Saturday.
W: Aren’t you going to the conference then?
M: No. It has been rescheduled for next Monday.
3. When will the man see Bob?
A. This Friday.
B. This Saturday.
C. Next Monday.
答案：B
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：女士表示“Bob came out of hospital last Friday.”，鲍勃上周五出了院；男士听闻后表示“I plan to see him this Saturday.”，自己这周六打算去看他。
难点：注意干扰信息关于会议的讨论。
重点词句：
conference n. 会议
rescheduled v. 重新安排

Text 4（39词）算错账单
M: Sorry, miss. We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dollars we have to return to you.
W: Oh, I didn’t notice that. It’s OK. Don’t blame the waiter. He’s been really nice.
4. Why does the man apologize?
A. For the terrible food.
B. For the overcharge.
C. For the waiter’s rudeness.
答案：B
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：男士表示“We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dollars we have to return to you.”，账单算错了，并将多收的十美元还给了女士。
难点：注意归纳总结信息，男士的表述核心就是“overcharge”，并退款给女士。
重点词句：
add up 加起来；合计
blame v. 责怪

Text 5（34词）新年礼物
W: Do you think we should get Steve a book for the New Year?
M: Books are good. But Steve wouldn’t take just any book. He has to have this particular one on geography.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Writing a book.
B. Holding a celebration.
C. Buying a present.
答案：C
考查类型：主旨要义
难度：三星
解析：女士开宗明义“Do you think we should get Steve a book for the New Year?”，询问男士是否要送书给史蒂夫作为新年礼物。
重点词句：
particular adj. 特别的
geography n. 地理

第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
Text 6（99词）安排见面
M: Hello, Sara.
W: Hello, David. (6)I can’t come for dinner tonight. Sorry.
M: Oh, what happened?
W: We’ve got a new case and things get pretty crazy here in the office.
M: Well, then I’ll come to you.
W: No, no, not tonight. Let me see if I can arrange another night.
M: Sara, please. (7)We need to talk. It’s about my job.
W: Then tell me on the phone.
M: No, it’s better if we do it in person. How about tomorrow night?
W: I’m not sure. You can give me a call tomorrow afternoon.
M: OK.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does Sara make the phone call?
A. To ask for advice.
B. To arrange an outing.
C. To cancel an appointment.
答案：C
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：女士表示“I can’t come for dinner tonight. Sorry.”，即她打电话是取消与男士的晚餐安排。
重点词句：
We’ve got a new case and things get pretty crazy here in the office. 我们接了一个新案子，目前办公室忙作一团。

7. What does David want to do?
A. Go to a dinner party.
B. Talk to Sara in person.
C. Work on the new case.
答案：B
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：男士说“We need to talk. It’s about my job.” “… it’s better if we do it in person.”他想和女士谈他的工作，且需要面谈。

Text 7（108词）赶着回家
W: Jim will call on us this afternoon. Do you know where he is now?
M: Uh, wait, let me see. He has sent two messages saying that he’s done with his work at the office (8)and got a taxi and ... and he’ll arrive in twenty minutes.
W: We can’t keep him waiting outside our home. We have to hurry.
M: But it takes at least half an hour to get out of the city center by bus. Look at the traffic.
W: (9)Let’s get off. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park.
M: Are you sure?
W: Yes, a hundred percent.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where is Jim now?
A. In a taxi.
B. On a bus.
C. In his office.
答案：A
考查类型：推理判断
难度：三星
解析：男士说Jim “... and got a taxi and ... and he’ll arrive in twenty minutes.”，Jim发短信说自己打了出租车，20分钟后到，即他目前人在出租车上。
重点词句：
call on 拜访；看望

9. What is the woman’s suggestion?
A. Going to the city center.
B. Taking a short cut home.
C. Meeting Jim in the park.
答案：B
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：女士说“Let’s get off. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park.”，即她建议现在下车，然后步行穿越公园，这样可以节省至少20分钟。
难点：注意根据女士的表述提炼信息，就是“Taking a short cut home.”，抄近路回家。

Text 8（186词）难以置信的缘分
W: (13)Morning, Mark.
M: Morning, Clara. How was your weekend?
W: Great. (10)I went to my grandpa’s. He invited us to pick vegetables on his farm. My daughter had a great time there. What about you?
M: Oh, I had a truly incredible experience. I dropped by a yard sale on Saturday and got several books.
W: Novels?
M: A novel and two poetry collections. (11)As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out. It was an air ticket from 2012. The flight was from Los Angeles to Chicago and the name on the ticket was Ashley Louis.
W: Was it?
M: Yes. (13)Ashley, my sister. In 2012, she lived in Los Angeles and her husband worked in Chicago. Both of them often flew between the two cities. (12)I asked the seller where he got the book. He said it was bought at a second-hand bookstore in Los Angeles three years ago. Last year, he and his family moved from Los Angeles to Philadelphia.
W: So, all the way across the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands. That’s really crazy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What did Clara do at the weekend?
A. She planted vegetables.
B. She went to a yard sale.
C. She visited her grandpa.
答案：C
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：女士说“I went to my grandpa’s … had a great time there.”，她周末去拜访了祖父。
难点：注意原文细节，不要被干扰项迷惑。如女士去祖父农场是“pick vegetables”，不是“plant vegetables”。
重点词句：
drop by 偶然访问（某人或某地）；顺便访问
yard sale 庭院旧货出售
poetry collection 诗集
leaf through 匆匆翻阅
Philadelphia （美国城市）费城
So, all the way across the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands. That’s really crazy. 所以，穿越了整个国家，你姐姐（妹妹）的旧书辗转到了你手中。这真是难以置信。

11. What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?
A. A plane ticket.
B. A family photo.
C. A post card.
答案：A
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：男士说“As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out. It was an air ticket from 2012.”，他买的旧小说中掉出一张纸，是一张2012年的机票。

12. Where does Mark live?
A. Los Angeles.
B. Chicago.
C. Philadelphia.
答案：C
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：男士说“I asked the seller where he got the book … he and his family moved from Los Angeles to Philadelphia.”，男士问卖家书从哪儿得到的，卖家说洛杉矶，之后他们全家搬来了费城。结合之前男士从yard sale淘到书，可知男士和卖家现在都居住在费城。
难点：原文出现地点较多。注意关键句“I asked the seller where he got the book …”，结合卖家之后的搬家信息，可得出答案。

13. What is the relationship between Mark and Ashley?
A. Brother and sister.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Father and daughter.
答案：A
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：女士开头称呼男士Mark，之后男士说“Ashley, my sister.”，可知Mark和Ashley为姐弟（兄妹）关系。

Text 9（173词）在印第安纳州上大学
W: (14)Victor, you’ve been here in Indiana for six weeks now. How are you feeling?
M: I think I’ve got used to college life, going to classes, working out and hanging out with my friends. Though there’s pressure to meet deadlines, life here is never boring.
W: (14)What’s been hard about being an Indiana basketball player?
M: (15)Well, the training is very competitive, weightlifting and running every day. It’s not like high school. In high school, I really didn’t have to do that. I’m just trying to get used to it. And I think I am.
W: (14)At this point, how do you see yourself fitting into this group?
M: I think we’re all different. (16)George is from Britain. Chris and Leo are from Australia. I’m from France. And the rest are Americans. (17)But I get along with everybody. You know, we are really starting to bond. It’s great to see how we grow each day as a team.
W: (14)Thanks, Victor. I wish you a very happy and fruitful stay in Indiana.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is probably the woman?
A. A teacher.
B. A journalist.
C. An athlete.
答案：B
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：女士对男士进行了一系列提问，并在最后“I wish you a very happy and fruitful stay in Indiana.”祝福男士在印第安纳收获满满，可推测女士正在对男士进行采访，她有可能是一名记者。
重点词句：
get used to 适应
hang out （与朋友）闲逛
Indiana （美国州名）印第安纳州
fit into 适应
bond v. 增强（与某人的）信任关系
fruitful adj. 硕果累累的；成功的

15. What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?
A. Adapting himself to the intense training.
B. Dealing with the pressure from the coach.
C. Regaining the skills learned in high school.
答案：A
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：男士表示“… the training is very competitive, weightlifting and running every day ... I’m just trying to get used to it.”，训练量非常大，每天都要举重和跑步，这和高中很不同。自己还在适应。即男士还在适应大学高强度的训练内容。
难点：注意题干，女士问的是男士作为篮球队队员感到困难的地方。另外需要归纳男士的话，并且注意“trying to get used to …”和“adapting himself to …”的同义转换。

16. What does Victor say about the players on the team?
A. They are of the same age.
B. They are similar in character.
C. They are from different countries.
答案：C
考查类型：推理判断
难度：三星
解析：男士表示“George is from Britain. Chris and Leo are from Australia. I’m from France. And the rest are Americans.”，可以看出，队员来自不同国家。

17. How does Victor feel about his team now?
A. It’s about to break up.
B. It’s the best in Indiana.
C. It’s getting stronger.
答案：C
考查类型：情感态度
难度：三星
解析：男士表示“But I get along with everybody. You know, we are really starting to bond. It’s great to see how we grow each day as a team.”男士说自己和每个人都相处融洽。他们在不断加深连接，他很高兴他们每一天都作为一个整体在成长。

Text 10（160词）推荐订阅杂志
W: Good evening, dear listeners. When was the last time you enjoyed leisure activities? Do you want to live a full and happy life? Today, I am going to introduce to you a magazine that features the art of living. (18)The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson back in 1993, with the intention of providing a bit of fun, freedom and achievement in a busy world. It is now published bimonthly. (19)In every issue, you’ll find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life, history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography. You’ll find much to laugh at and much useful stuff as well, from recipes for making bacon to guides to housekeeping. If you’ve ever felt that there is more to life than boring jobs, then why not subscribe to it? The Idler is a cheering read that makes you feel better about life. (20)You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is Tom Hodgkinson?
A. Founder of a magazine.
B. Publisher of a novel.
C. Editor of a newspaper.
答案：A
考查类型：细节理解
难度：三星
解析：说话者表示“The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson back in 1993 …”《懒虫》杂志是Tom Hodgkinson于1993年创立的，即Tom Hodgkinson是杂志创办人。
难点： 注意launch跟founder的同转。
重点词句：
leisure n. 休闲
bimonthly adv. 两月一次；一月两次
issue n. <熟词生义> （杂志或报刊的）期
subscribe v. 订阅
read n. <熟词生义> 读物

19. What do we know about the content of The Idler?
A. It’s old-fashioned.
B. It’s wide-ranging.
C. It’s student-targeted.
答案：B
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：说话者表示“In every issue, you’ll find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life, history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography.”每一期杂志的内容包含关于健康生活、历史、哲学的访谈和散文，还有各类艺术品和时尚品的照片。可以看出，杂志内容广泛。

20. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To do a promotion.
B. To discuss an issue.
C. To introduce a lecturer.
答案：A
考查类型：推理判断
难度：四星
解析：说话者鼓励大家订阅杂志，并说“You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free.”现在就可下载程序并订阅，首期杂志免费。可以看出说话者是在做杂志推广推销。
难点：注意promotion和subscribe today的同转。