2023届天津市和平区高三二模英语试卷含解析

  和平区2022-2023学年度第二学期高三年级第二次质量调查

英语学科试卷

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。

第Ⅰ卷

注意事项：

1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。

第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节：单项填空。(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

例：Stand over there ________ you’ll be able to see it better.

A. or B. and C. but D. while

答案是B。

1. —Jack, could you do me a favour?

—Sure. ________

A. I beg your pardon. B. It all depends.

C. What is it? D. Anything available?

2. Major depression requires medical treatment, but physical activity, especially those done outdoors, can help ________ symptoms.

A. ease B. limit C. strike D. process

3. Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts ________ made it.

A. finally B. hopefully C. normally D. reasonably

4. Students are encouraged to speak and improve their English with the ________ of teachers who will always use English with them and give them help.

A. absence B. strength C. defence D. presence

5. When he finally raised the money for the violin, he returned to buy it but learned that it ________ to a collector.

A. was sold B. have been sold C. had been sold D. will have been sold

6. While we seep, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, ________ us to enter a virtual reality.

A. to allow B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed

7. You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching vides online.

A. when B. as C. whether D. once

8. —Its so hard to find a job with a degree in literature.

—Yeah, ________.

A. you can’t be serious B. I know what you mean

C. it’s not a requirement D. I didn’t get it

9. When I started my PhD and realized that I would need financial help, I ________ to the student advice office and told them that I was a carer.

A. would go B. had gone C. was going D. went

10. A very popular thing to do on Boxing Day is to go shopping and ________ the sales.

A. keep pace with B. take advantage of

C. look forward to D. throw a light on

11. Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You ________ make the same mistake again.

A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. don’t have to D. wouldn’t

12. William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.

A. of whom B. about which C. from which D. by whom

13. At the school charity party, each student donated ________ amount he or she could afford.

A. whichever B. however C. wherever D. whatever

14. Faced with a declining population and workforce, Japan has been increasingly ________ robots for help.

A. turning to B. putting away C. taking up D. holding back

15. With eco-tourism ________, eco-hotels are fast becoming the darling of the travel industry.

A. under control B. on the rise

C. beyond description D. in the decline

第二节：完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

There is something graceful about a well-made hurricane lamp, especially the antique ones. Mom had affection for them.

I can remember ____16____ through countless flea (跳蚤) markets for hurricane lamps, which are ____17____ to keep their light lit through the ____18____ of moments. Mom tried hard to buy the lamps in ____19____, as her favorite of all the lamps had no mate.

The spring after Mom’s first ____20____ with cancer, we went to a local craft fair to pass the time, to keep ____21____. We were still waiting to hear from the doctors on the ____22____ of her follow-up tests. ____23____ to search something for my mom, I bounded ahead of her and baby brother as they ____24____ along the tables. I didn’t ____25____ far before something caught my eye. Standing proud on the display table sat a lamp.

I was excited, as I ____26____ back through the crowd to my mom. “Mom! You have to see something!” I shouted. “____27____. I think I’m going to get these lamps. What do you think?” She ____28____ so I could see them but I didn’t even look at them. “You’ve got to see what I found first,” I ____29____ her through the fair. When she saw the lamp, she picked up the lamp ____30____, running her fingers over the bowl, over the hurricane glass, and ____31____ it closely. “See this?” She pointed at a very small mark in the glass. “The one at home has the same mark.” She smiled. It was the first time I had seen her ____32____ smile since the doctors first found the cancer.

When the lamp ____33____ in our house, next to its mate, my mom cried. She went to light the lamps and sit on their glow until she could sleep. Years later, I understood her need for those lamps, ____34____ the darkest moments of her life. Mom was my hurricane lamp. She was inextinguishable (永不熄灭的)—She lit my way without ____35____. She still does.

16. A. seeing B. finding C. living D. searching.

17. A. designed B. allowed C. decided D. evolved

18. A. happiest B. coldest C. busiest D. hardest

19. A. group B. double C. pairs D. packs

20. A. acquaintance B. battle C. knowledge D. appointment

21. A. busy B. merry C. stable D. alarmed

22. A. results B. discussions C. procedures D. processes

23. A. Arranged B. Determined C. Required D. Permitted

24. A. wondered B. wandered C. ran D. hung

25. A. take it B. do it C. make it D. carry it

26. A. jumped B. leaped C. walked D. raced

27. A. Hang on B. Come in C. Turn around D. Stay up

28. A. bring them on B. held them up C. send them back D. put them down

29. A. grabbed B. moved C. dragged D. caught

30. A. casually B. immediately C. occasionally D. hesitantly

31. A. inspecting B. feeling C. testing D. knocking

32. A. constantly B. deliberately C. lastly D. truly

33. A. made its way B. took its place C. broke its record D. won its name

34. A. with B. beyond C. through D. among

35. A. fail B. sorrow C. pain D. tear

第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

While there are still a lot of unknowns about the coming year, one thing is certain: we need an escape. With a vaccine (疫苗) finally greenlighted, the future of travel is looking up, but what will be the safest trips to take while the world is still in continuous change? Think wide open spaces, small-group adventures and responsible tourism. Playing it safe doesn’t mean you can’t get outside your comfort zone and have a novel adventure next year, though. Here are the friendly escapes we’re dreaming of right now.

01 The Great American E-Bike Trip

California to Georgia

Consider a human-powered road trip with a long cycling adventure—made more accessible with some power from an electric assist bike. Discover the beautiful and bizarre (奇异的), from the Mojave country on an e-bike-friendly tour. TDA Global Cycling’s Great American Road Trip can be done in full, or broken down to a 10-day trip to explore one region.

02 Swim with Whale Sharks

Espíritu Santo Island, Mexico

Dubbed “The Aquarium of the World” by Jacques Cousteau, the Sea of Cortez is one of the best spots in the world to swim with whale sharks and sea lions. Located in Mexico’s least-populated state, Baja California Sur, this island has a natural protected UNESCO World Heritage Site in the heart of it. There are no hotels, but Todos Santos Eco Adventures offers a solar-powered luxury camp experience on the island, private-chef included.

03 Soak in the Natural Wonders

Hokkaido, Japan

While the world waits for the 2021 Tokyo Olympics, consider Japan’s last-developed island as a refuge (庇护所) from the crowds. Rugged (崎岖的) and remote, Hokkaido is filled with unique natural wonders and adventures including trekking in untouched forests, fat biking on frozen lakes, soaking in onsens (温泉), or natural hot springs, and searching for the island’s rare red-crowned crane — the only place in Japan you can find the sacred bird.

04 See Kangaroo Island Bounce Back

Australia

Nearly a year after Australia’s bushfires destroyed over 200,000 hectares and killed billions of animals, new life is rising from the ashes. This 96-mile-long island is one of the best places to view Australia’s unique animals in the wild — kangaroos, koalas, wallabies and more. Support the recovery with regenerative (再生的) tourism, critical in reversing biodiversity loss. Swim with sea lions or sip some Jacob’s Creek local wine and watch the kangaroos bounce back.

36. What can you do on the E-Bike Trip from California to Georgia?

A. You can learn how to do recycling on the way.

B. You can complete the trip in small separate sections.

C. You can build up your strength with a human-powered bike.

D. You can improve your skills in handling an electric assist bike.

37. What does Swim with Whale Sharks and See Kangaroo Island Bounce Back have in common?

A. Animals on both islands are in danger of dying out.

B. They both offer solar-powered luxury camps on the sand.

C. Tourists can experience swimming with certain sea animals.

D. They are both natural protected UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

38. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A Visitors can find their quietness on the island.

B. People can skate on frozen lakes on the island.

C. Red-crowned cranes can only be found in Japan.

D. Hokkaido is a remote and least-developed refuge.

39. What does the author want to tell us in the whole passage?

A. A long cycling adventure will be the safest trip to take in the future.

B. With appropriate medical measures the tourism industry will pick up.

C Visitors should keep cautious about bushfires while visiting Australia.

D. Ecosystem has been disturbed since novel adventures became popular.

40. Where can the passage probably be taken from?

A. Science on a website. B. Sports in a newspaper.

C. Environment in a book. D. Travelling in a magazine.

B

I have one of those names that are hard to pronounce, so I never liked the first day of school. When teachers read through the attendance, I always knew when they came to my name: There would be hesitation, then a slow syllabic (音节的) pronunciation of my name. Before they would even finish, I would put up my hand and say, “That’s me. Just call me Sanj.”

Sanj is short for Sanjukta. It’s an Indian name derived from Sanskrit and it means “united”. Words are powerful and so are names. I like my name. It means more than diversity; it means connection.

When strangers see my name, I can tell that they are trying to figure out where I am from. Some ask me what type of name it is and I know that what they really want to ask is “Where are you from?”

Growing up, I answered that I am Canadian. I didn’t want to stand out as the Indian kid. I used to think it was impolite to ask someone where they are from — it may make someone feel like an outsider. But over time, I understand most people are just curious and want to make a connection. Now when someone asks me where I am from, I also ask them where they are from. The conversation gets interesting when this happens.

Recently, I was at a dinner where most of the guests had never met each other. At first, people asked about where others worked and lived. Then people asked about kids and dogs. People started feeling a lot more comfortable with each other, so I asked everyone where they are from. This is when the conversation really got lively. People started guessing each other’s nationalities like the ultimate party game. A woman from Jamaica told us she was going back for a wedding soon and was having trouble finding a green dress. A couple of Indian women at the table convinced her to check out an Indian clothing store and showed her a traditional Indian outfit that would look great on her. All of a sudden; all the talk about where we came from united us.

United. That is what my name means. When I introduce myself to people, I say, “My name is Sanj. It’s short for Sanjukta.” Then I tell them that is Indian and what it means. And just like that, the meaning of my name makes people united.

41. Why would the author say her name first before teachers did?

A. They were not able to say her name correctly.

B. There are many ways to pronounce her name.

C. Her name was beyond their comprehension.

D. It would make her feel like greatly honored.

42 What does the author think of her name?

A. It’s much too complicated to explain

B. It brings her connection with people.

C. It is likely to make her feel embarrassed.

D. It represents her nationality and personality.

43. How does the author react now when strangers ask her where she is from?

A. She starts to share. B. She feels offended.

C. She refuses to answer it. D. She regards it as politeness.

44. What message does the author want to convey in the text?

A. There are strategies to reach out to strangers.

B. We should accept ourselves for who we are.

C. Differences can help us bond with others.

D. We should appreciate cultural differences.

45. What could be the best title for the passage?

A. Promoting our relationship. B. Embracing your origins.

C. Identifying backgrounds. D. Discovering connections.

C

A new project aims to create a computer replica (复制品) of an entire city. It will allow experts to perform real-time resilience (适应力) testing to see how is infrastructure (基础设施) will perform in the face of challenges such as climate change and population growth.

Known as the “digital twin” the technology has already been adopted by Formula One teams and engine makers like Rolls Royce, but its use to this degree didn’t exist.

A partnership between Newcastle University and Northumbrian Water will recreate Newcastle based on data from across the city and test its resilience in possible emergencies. Professor Chris Kilsby said, “You can try lots of things with the twin in the case of a city. I think of it as a replica that you can play with and do unimaginable things to see what would happen. The changes can be seen immediately — from observing what would happen if the river Tyne rises by a few meters to what the city would look like if the population has aged over a certain period of time. It could also be used to model human behavior, for example, determining the most likely roads people would use in the event of a food.”

Newcastle University is working on a data platform with lots of dynamic parts like traffic, water, population, etc. Much of the data is coming from the university’s Urban Observatory project, which has monitors all over the city checking pollution, water quality and biodiversity.

In 2012 an event known locally as the “Toon monsoon?” took place, with a month’s worth of rain falling in two hours during the evening rush hour, causing £ 8 m worth of damage. The Toon monsoon caused a breakdown to the city because we just didn’t design anything for that sort of event. There was no one to blame. The city just couldn’t resist the heavy rain.

The digital twin will allow the city not only to react in real time to such strange weather events, but also to test its resilience in endless potential future emergencies.

Chris Jones, research and development manager at Northumbrian Water, imagined the project’s “amazing possibilities”, saying that in time it could be applied to any city with accessible data.

46. What do we know about the “digital twin” from the first two paragraphs?

A. It is not new to us. B. It is a computer system.

C. It predicts extreme weather. D. It has met with many challenges.

47. What are Professor Chris Kilsby’s words mainly about?

A. The development of the digital twin. B. People’s test of possible emergencies.

C. The many functions of the digital twin. D. The numerous changes in the environment.

48. What will Newcastle University do in the project according to the passage?

A. Offering big data about the city. B. Advocating the new technology.

C. Making up the loss caused by flood. D. Working out plans for future emergencies.

49. Why is the “Toon monsoon” mentioned here?

A. To draw people’s attention to the terrible loss of the city.

B. To warn people of the potential harm of heavy rain.

C. To indicate the new project’s significance.

D. To show the digital twin’s weakness.

50. What is Chris Jones’ attitude towards the “digital twin”?

A. Cautious. B. Opposed. C. Neutral. D. Supportive.

D

Scientists who study happiness know that being kind to others can improve well-being. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can boost a person’s mood, for example. Everyday life affords many opportunities for such actions, yet people do not always take advantage of them.

In studies published online in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, a behavioral scientist and I examined a possible explanation: people who perform random acts of kindness underestimate how much recipients value their behavior.

In one experiment, participants at an ice-skating rink in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day. Although the people giving out the hot chocolate saw the act as relatively insignificant, it really mattered to the recipients. Our research also revealed one reason that people may underestimate their action’s impact. When we asked one set of participants to estimate how much someone would like getting a cupcake simply, for participating in a study, for example, their predictions were well calibrated (校准) with recipients’ reactions. But when people received cupcakes through a random act of kindness, the cupcake givers underestimated how positive their recipients would feel. Recipients of these unexpected actions tend to focus more on warmth than performers do.

Missing the importance of warmth may stand in the way of being kinder in daily life. People know that cupcakes given in kindness can make them feel surprisingly good. If people undervalue this effect, they might not bother to carry out these warm, prosocial behaviors (亲社会行为).

And kindness can be contagious (传染的). In another experiment, we had people play an economic game that allowed us to examine what are sometimes called “pay it forward” effects. In this game, participants allocated money between themselves and a person whom they would never meet. People who had just been on the receiving end of a kind act gave substantially more to an anonymous (无名的) person than those who had not. The person who performed the initial act did not recognize that their generosity would spill over in these downstream interactions.

These findings suggest that what might seem small when we are deciding whether or not to do something nice for someone else could matter a great deal to the person we do it for. Given that these warm gestures can enhance our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can?

51. Why do people often fail to show kindness to others?

A. They don’t know how to demonstrate their happiness clearly.

B. They can’t effectively take opportunities to be kind daily.

C. They undervalue the positive impact their kindness made.

D. They have no idea how to perform random acts of kindness.

52. Those who gave away hot chocolate at an ice-skating rink would ________.

A feel more motivated with the recipients’ reactions

B. inspire strangers to follow their examples

C. expect more appreciation from recipients

D. think nothing of the random act of kindness

53. What can we learn about the cupcake receivers from the third paragraph?

A. They overestimated the positive impact of the random kindness.

B. They attached more significance to unexpected acts of kindness.

C. They responded differently to the predictions after the experiment.

D. They longed for more opportunities to participate in similar studies.

54. What’s the main idea of paragraph 5?

A. People sometimes suffer from “pay it forward” effect.

B. A kind act can earn people more economic benefits.

C. Generosity sometimes can be recognized initially.

D. Kindness can inspire people to follow one another.

55. What could be the best title for the passage?

A. Kindness can have unexpected positive effect

B. Kindness can bring different people together

C. What should we do to ensure happiness in life

D. How can people get happiness without efforts

第Ⅱ卷

注意事项：

1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。

2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。

第三部分：写作

第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

The Appalachian Trail attracts thousands of serious hikers each spring, only one in four hikers completes the entire trail.

The Sutton family recently finished hiking the entire trail. They are a unique trio (三人组) as their son Harvey turned five on the trail, which makes him the youngest to complete the Appalachian Trail. Josh and Carrie Sutton said they needed to take, breaks from busy work called mini-retirements. “We set the family goal of living a life with extraordinary stories. Doing things like hiking with a child on the Appalachian Trail gives you extraordinary stories,” Josh Sutton said.

When Harvey turned three, they took him winter camping, and by the time he was four, the family completed a 50-mile hike, camping over six days. Seeing that Harvey developed a passion for hiking, they planned a thru-hike on the Appalachian Trail. Hiking from end to end is called a thru-hike and generally takes five to seven months to complete.

They hit the trail in Georgia on January 13, 2021. The first weeks were cold. The trail was icy and snow-covered, and the weather was often cloudy and bitter, so they made slow progress. They would wake up early each day, pack their gear (装备), and then start walking. As they had many miles to cover each day, they had to be inventive and started using imagination and Skittles (彩虹糖) as incentive for little Harvey.

The family completed their journey on August 9, 2021. Little Harvey learned to count all the way to 2,193, the total miles his little feet traveled, and a big number for someone who just started kindergarten. “I will do it again because like it so much,” said Harvey.

Although the Suttons are now back home, they have incredible memories of this mini-retirement. The journey is a life-changing experience for the Sutton family and is an inspiration for families who dream of taking a similar journey.

56. Why did the Sutton family decided to hike the Appalachian Tail? (no more than 10 words)

______________________________________________________________________________

57. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)

______________________________________________________________________________

58. What made their journey difficult? (no more than 10 words)

______________________________________________________________________________

59. What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? (no more than 1 word)

______________________________________________________________________________

60. How does the Sutton family’s story inspire you? Explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words)

______________________________________________________________________________

第二节：书面表达(满分25分)

61. 假设你是天津中学的李津。你的英国笔友Chris最近给你写信告诉你他即将作为交换生来中国学习一年。他对在中国的生活和学习有些担心和焦虑。请你给他回信，要点如下：

1) 欢迎他来中国，钦佩他的勇气;

2) 安慰他的焦虑并提出建议(生活和学习上);

3) 对他的祝愿和期待。

注意：(1) 词数不少于100;

(2) 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。

Dear Chris,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Jin