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2022-2023学年山东省德州市高一（上）期末英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省德州市高一（上）期末英语试卷含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年山东省德州市高一（上）期末英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Paris has a fantastic collection of cafes，whether you need a cozy spot or a cup of coffee.Here are some of the best places I discovered when I was sent to the branch in Paris to cover an event.
Groundstate Cafe
Sitting in the heart of the city，Groundstate Cafe is always recommended by news reporters.You can easily enjoy a carefree day with a book and a cup of coffee.Groundstate is a popular spot for artists because of the ancient paintings collected by the shop owner.The waiters are always ready to help you.
Le Procope
Located on a downtown street，Le Procope is famous for its enthusiastic service and delicious snacks.Office workers always chat with their friends and have fun with their colleagues.You can enjoy the fresh air and sunshine because they only have seats outdoors.As a result，the owner only runs the shop during the warm seasons.
Coutume Cafe
Situated in the city centre，Coutume Cafe is popular among businessmen to meet their clients.The cafe promotes a life of luxury with fantastic decoration and comfortable chairs.Waiters who are highly educated and elegant can help visitors choose the right type of coffee.
Motors
This recently-opened coffee shop is located in the countryside.They sell delicious local desserts.The waitresses there are helpful and friendly.Some of them are college students who take part-time jobs during weekends.It is also a perfect shopping market for people to buy some coffee products and taste some local delicacies.I am sure that I will bring some products to my colleagues when I return.
1. Which place appeals to art lovers？ ______
A. Groundstate Cafe. B. Le Procope.
C. Coutume Cafe. D. Motors.
2. What do Le Procope and Motors have in common？ ______
A. They have a long history. B. They are located downtown.
C. They both offer nice snacks. D. They are open all year round.
3. What does the writer probably do？ ______
A. A famous cook. B. A French artist.
C. A news reporter. D. A waitress in Cafe.
B
On Oct.24，2018 photo，a male red siskin bird is resting on a branch in Vargas，Venezuela.The bird is called "Little Cardinal" by the locals and appears on the money of Venezuela，on products and even in school books.But recently，the small song birds are disappearing from the wild.
Once flourishing in the millions，as few as 300 remain in the wild in Venezuela.The male siskin is valued for its red feathers and black head.Hunters，even the local farmers，often catch and sell the birds for money.Protection under Venezuelan law has not stopped hunters from catching the birds to sell on an illegal international market.Meanwhile，more and more forests are being cut down to plant cash crops.
That threat has brought attention from an international team.The team includes scientists from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C.and coffee farmers in Venezuela's mountains.They hope to save the bird with the help of the farmers.An effective plan has been made to have farmers plant organic coffee plants.Such coffee plants are covered with branches which make good nesting places for the birds.
Planting organic coffee crops with branches stops farmers from increasing production by thinning their coffee crops to let more sun onto their fields.Farmers who meet the project's rules will win the right to sell their beans with "Bird Friendly" labels.They will be able to set prices for such "high quality" products that can be five times higher than legal prices set by the government.
At the same time，a red siskin breeding center is being built at a private zoo in Venezuela where 200 birds are expected to be born next year.This number will be added to the 25 siskins at the Smithsonian Institution.Red siskins from the center will be placed in the coffee forests.These efforts could prevent the birds from disappearing.
There are reports of early success.About 40 farmers in the mountains of Carayaca，northwest of the capital Caracas，have stopped cutting down trees，a move that will help the siskin to get away from the dangerous situation.
4. What do we know about the siskin from paragraph 1？ ______
A. Its benefits for local education.
B. Its wide popularity in the past.
C. Its beautiful gesture on branches.
D. Its great value for the environment.
5. What caused the decline in the bird's number？ ______
A. Lack of laws from the government.
B. Illegal trade for making high profits.
C. Being hunted for the delicious meat.
D. Planting cash crops for enough food.
6. Why does the team have farmers plant organic coffee plants？ ______
A. To let more sun onto the farmers' fields.
B. To improve the quality of the cash crops.
C. To offer branches to the breeding center.
D. To create enough nesting places for the bird.
7. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. The value of the endangered red siskin.
B. The reasons for the red siskin's disappearing.
C. The profits the farmers get from coffee plants.
D. The efforts the team made to save the red siskin.
C
Is it likely that a person who originally has no language ability is cheerfully discussing the World Cup with you？The answer is yes.
In a paper published in Nature Communications on November 8，2022，researchers have successfully changed the brain waves of an aphasic（失语症）paralyzed person into sentences，which are displayed on the computer screen and can "say" thousands of words.as is intended.
This participant is 30 years old.A decade ago he was aphasic due to stroke，his arms and legs unable to move.He depended on a pole pinned on the baseball cap to click the letters on the screen to communicate with people.It's quite inconvenient.
Last year researchers from the University of California used the latest technology to implant（植入）a device into the speech motor area of his brain and connect it with a neural（神经的）instrument to monitor brain wave patterns when he expressed different words.They used computer programs to build a language model with a vocabulary of 50 words for him.When he used these words to "speak" in his mind，his brain wave movement was turned into complete sentences and shown on the screen.For months the team recorded his neural activity when he "spoke"，used AI to identify various patterns and linked them to the words.Once a researcher asked on the screen， "Do you want some water？" And he answered， "No.I'm not thirsty."
"The spelling speed of the device reaches 29.4 characters per minute.The character error rate is only 6.13%.The offline test results show it can be expanded to a large vocabulary containing 9000 words，maintaining a low character error rate-8.23%，" said Sean Metzger，the lead author of the paper. "Aphasic people like to use this device as it makes communication convenient.Anything is possible."
More aphasic people are needed to participate in the test，which is still a long way from promotion.Experts warn although the study results are impressive，electrode implantation is risky.
8. What is the purpose of the research？ ______
A. To assist aphasic patients to talk.
B. To better people's communication.
C. To cure those incapable of speaking.
D. To improve patients' language skills.
9. What does paragraph 4 focus on？ ______
A. The practical application of the findings.
B. A disadvantage of the language model.
C. The working process of the implanted device.
D. A supporting evidence for the research results.
10. What can be inferred from Sean Metzger's words？ ______
A. The device may have a promising future.
B. The device can do anything for aphasic group.
C. Further research will centre on avoiding errors.
D. Further research will face many new challenges.
11. Which word best describes the author's attitude to the device？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Objective.
D
There's bad news for parents who frequently leave their kids in front of the TV：It might actually end up leaving moms and dads more stressed.The findings come from a University of Arizona-led study，which explores the potential effects of children's television watching habits on their parents' stress levels.
The logic behind this is clear.The more television kids watch，the more they're exposed（接触）to advertising，which often features bright colors，upbeat music and flashy characters and can be especially persuasive，since，developmentally，children aren't fully capable of understanding advertising's intention. "The more advertisements they see，the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when going with their parents and perhaps make a fuss if told 'no'.All that may increase parents' overall stress well beyond a single shopping trip." said lead study author Matthew Lapierre.
There are a few things parents can do，perhaps the most obvious of which is limiting screen time. "Commercial content is there for a reason：to elicit purchasing behavior.So，if this is a problem，maybe shut off the TV，" Lapierre said.Of course，that can be easier said than done，he admitted.
Another thing parents can try，especially as advertising targeting children rockets around the holidays：Consider how they talk to their kids about consumerism.At this time，effective parent-child consumer-related communication can work well.
Overall，communication between parents and children is a better strategy for reducing stress in parents.However，the research found，this communicative strategy shows dropping returns when children ask for more products or have more consumer conflict with parents.
With the rise of streaming services，however，many viewers are no longer being exposed to the traditional advertising of network or cable TV.Advertisers are finding creative ways around that，for example，through product placement and integrated（综合的）branding in a show，Lapierre said.And advertising toward children remains a multibillion-dollar industry.
"In general，more television exposure means more exposure to advertisements.Even if I'm streaming，I'm likely seeing more integrated branding，" Lapierre said， "such hidden advertising is harder to detect and has a greater influence on children's consuming habits，leaving parents more stressed.
12. What does Matthew Lapierre attempt to explore in the study？ ______
A. The influence the bad news on TV has on parents.
B. Children's ability to understand TV commercials.
C. The stress the kids' watching TV brings to parents.
D. Strategies to stop kids watching TV advertisements.
13. What does the underlined word "elicit" mean in paragraph 3？ ______
A. Cause. B. Challenge. C. Practise. D. Guarantee.
14. How does Lapierre consider the placement advertising in streaming services？ ______
A. A simple and better means of advertising a product.
B. A hidden way to promote products or brands to kids.
C. An easy way to avoid conflicts between kids and parents.
D. An effective approach to keeping kids from TV commercials.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？ ______
A. People should keep off the influence of TV ads
B. Advertisers make commercial contents appealing
C. TV commercials can educate the kids unknowingly
D. Kids' exposure to TV makes parents more stressed
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bread Baking in Ancient Egypt
Did you know that bread is one of the earliest human inventions？
（ 1） ______ Other ingredients（原料）and shapes can vary.Scientists have learned that humans have been eating bread in some form or another for 30，000 years.
Archaeologists（考古学家）have discovered pictures of bakeries and loaves of bread in ancient Egyptian archaeological sites.（2） ______ Home-bakers，usually women，baked only the bread they would need for that day.
In fact，because they had no potatoes or rice，bread was the most important in the ancient Egyptians' diet.Egyptians used a grain much similar to wheat for their bread.The grain was broken by hand into flour on stone.The flour was mixed with water and salt. （3） ______ This Egyptian bread was a flatbread.Indian naan and Middle Eastern pita are two examples of flatbread eaten today.At the end of the ancient Egyptian period，however，around 300 BC，Egyptian bakers added to their bread an important ingredient：yeast（酵母）. （4） ______ Most breads today are made using those four basic ingredients：flour，yeast，salt，and water.
However，bread production today is more complicated.Yes，you can still bake your own bread at home with store-bought flour and yeast. （5） ______ But the bread you see in grocery stores is made in large factories which bake many different breads.
A.It makes bread rise.
B.Not all the Ancient Egyptians ate bread.
C.Bread is a food made of flour and water.
D.It was placed in a pot and baked in a clay oven.
E.You can also buy bread made at small bakeries.
F.Bread bakeries and home-bakers used the same techniques.
G.Ancient Egyptian farmers depended much on it for their grain harvest.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the start of my senior high school life，I began to dream of entering Columbia University.But what I didn't realize was how （1） ______ my dream was.I came from a middle-class family，and it seemed as though we had always （2） ______ to make ends meet.
I wasn't the smartest person in my class，not even close；but my （3） ______ was in the right place，and I was determined.I applied for every （4） ______ I could in my senior year.And then my teacher told me about the financial aid system.I applied，but I didn't think I would （5） ______ that either.
After the holidays，my friends started （6） ______ their acceptance letters from colleges，and I （7） ______ expected mine.Finally，a letter arrived from Columbia University.Feelings of fear and joy （8） ______ me when I opened the envelope with trembling hands.I had done it!I cried for a while，feeling both extremely excited and （9） ______ .I had been doing a full-time job，but that wasn't enough to （10） ______ tuition（学费），and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education.
Months went by before a letter from the （11） ______ aid office came.I opened it anxiously，but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my （12） ______ .This happened over and over，and my （13） ______ kept getting shot down.Eventually，an envelope arrived，the one that would （14） ______ whether I could attend college.Not only was financial aid going to help me out with my expenses，but also I （15） ______ two of the scholarships I had applied for!I had actually made my dream come true.
21. A. effective B. powerful C. hopeful D. expensive
22. A. survived B. struggled C. discovered D. explored
23. A. heart B. letter C. memory D. wisdom
24. A. job B. position C. volunteer D. scholarship
25. A. refer to B. adjust to C. qualify for D. search for
26. A. receiving B. printing C. translating D. copying
27. A. bitterly B. calmly C. eagerly D. firmly
28. A. reminded B. ignored C. left D. struck
29. A. afraid B. relaxed C. regretful D. proud
30. A. hold B. collect C. cover D. return
31. A. mental B. medical C. financial D. physical
32. A. imagination B. application C. inspiration D. introduction
33. A. offers B. hopes C. notes D. orders
34. A. wonder B. describe C. predict D. determine
35. A. won B. chose C. united D. missed
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's Ministry of Culture announced the Fifth National List of Representative Elements of Intangible Cultural Heritage（非物质文化遗产）of China on Thursday，adding 185 items to the list，（ 1） ______ （include） the skills of making Luosifen.
Luosifen is a dish known （2） ______ its special smell in the southern Chinese city of Liuzhou.Those who try it say they can never forget the magical taste.It is sour，spicy，salty，hot and even （3） ______ （smell） after being boiled.
Luosifen served as a street snack in Liuzhou，（ 4） ______ people outside of the city knew little about.In 2012，Luosifen （5） ______ （appear）in a hit Chinese food TV program-"A Bite of China".After that it became a household name.
The development of the Internet，（ 6） ______ （especial） the boom of e-commerce and online eating show，has brought this Chinese local food passion to a new level.Luosifen often shows up in videos by food bloggers and eating show hosts.The local dish finds （7） ______ （it） well received by the post-90s generation.According to recent data，（8） ______ number of buyers is growing 9 times year on year.
As Luosifen becomes more and more popular，the local government makes efforts （9） ______ （establish） its official international position.Authorities in Liuzhou City have applied for UNESCO's （10） ______ （recognise） of Luosifen as an intangible cultural heritage.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你校计划开设寒假网上剪纸（paper-cutting）课程。请你写封邮件邀请你的英国笔友Jack参加，内容包括：
（1）告知消息；
（2）网课安排；
（3）期待参加。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack，
Yours， Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
John woke up on his big day，excited to go to school and see his friends of his music club.He went to the kitchen and his mother had made his favorite cake，and she had already lit the candles.The teenager blew out the candles. "Happy Birthday，my boy.I hope you have the best day ever，" his mom said with the biggest smile.His dad patted his back gently.
John was about to leave when they stopped him. "Wait a minute!We have something special for you!" his mother announced and took out a box，which they had been hiding for a few weeks in the kitchen.
John's eyebrows rose in surprise.Gifts in his home were rare because they had a tight budget.However，this gift was a big surprise because the box looked like one of his favorite brands（品牌）.He screamed， "MOM!DAD!Are you serious？"
"Congratulations，baby!" John's mom said. "Now，I tell you the truth.It is not new at all.I found it from Mr.Green's second-hand shop，but it looks pretty new，right？"
"I don't care where it came from，Mom.It is amazing!Thank you so much!" he assured her. "I can't wait to show it off in my club!"
In the afternoon，John showed off his guitar to his friends.Brandon，one of the band members，saw the back of the guitar. "Hey，man.There's something written here，" he said.John grabbed the guitar and saw a line of words on the back.It read： "To my dearest boy."
"Your mom wrote that？" said Brandon.
"No，this is not my mom's handwriting." John shook his head， "it must be from the old owner."
"It is a good one，" Brandon murmured， "its old owner must be a good player."
On the way home from school，Tom passed by Mr.Green's store.Out of curiosity，he went in and asked around.The old man said， "Oh，it was brought in by Carl last month.He looked in urgent need of money that day.He lives nearby and I know his address."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
John walked out of the store and headed for Carl's home.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Groundstate is a popular spot for artists because of the ancient paintings collected by the shop owner.（Groundstate是艺术家们的热门景点，因为店主收藏了古画。）可知，吸引艺术爱好者的地方是Groundstate Cafe。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Located on a downtown street，Le Procope is famous for its enthusiastic service and delicious snacks.（Le Procope位于市中心的一条街道上，以其热情的服务和美味的小吃而闻名。）以及第五段It is also a perfect shopping market for people to buy some coffee products and taste some local delicacies.（这里也是一个完美的购物市场，人们可以购买一些咖啡产品并且品尝一些当地美食。）可知，Le Procope和 Motors的共同点是它们都会提供一些当地的小吃。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Here are some of the best places I discovered when I was sent to the branch in Paris to cover an event.（以下是我被派往巴黎分行报道一场活动时发现的一些最好的地方。）可知，作者需要去报道一场活动，推断出他是一名新闻记者。故选C项。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在巴黎很棒的几所咖啡店。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】B、B、D、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的The bird is called "Little Cardinal" by the locals and appears on the money of Venezuela，on products and even in school books.（这种鸟被当地人称为"小红衣主教"，出现在委内瑞拉的钞票上、产品上，甚至出现在学校的课本上。）可知，这种鸟的形象曾出现在委内瑞拉人的日常生活中，推断出松黄雀在过去很受欢迎。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的The male siskin is valued for its red feathers and black head.Hunters，even the local farmers，often catch and sell the birds for money.Protection under Venezuelan law has not stopped hunters from catching the birds to sell on an illegal international market.（雄性松黄雀因其红色的羽毛和黑色的头部而受到重视。猎人，甚至是当地的农民，经常捕捉并出售这些鸟来赚钱。委内瑞拉法律的保护并没有阻止猎人捕捉这些鸟在非法国际市场上出售。）可知，松黄雀数量的下降是因为猎人们为了高额利益而进行的非法交易。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中的An effective plan has been made to have farmers plant organic coffee plants.Such coffee plants are covered with branches which make good nesting places for the birds.（已经制定了一项让农民种植有机咖啡的有效计划。这种咖啡植物上长满了树枝，这是鸟类很好的筑巢地。）可知，团队让农民种植有机咖啡植物是为鸟创造足够的筑巢场所。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第三段中的An effective plan has been made to have farmers plant organic coffee plants. （已经制定了一项让农民种植有机咖啡的有效计划。）及第五段At the same time，a red siskin breeding center is being built at a private zoo in Venezuela where 200 birds are expected to be born next year.This number will be added to the 25 siskins at the Smithsonian Institution.Red siskins from the center will be placed in the coffee forests.These efforts could prevent the birds from disappearing.（与此同时，委内瑞拉一家私人动物园正在建造一个松黄雀繁殖中心，预计明年将有200只鸟在那里出生。这个数字将被添加到史密森学会的25个松黄雀中。来自中心的松黄雀将被放置在咖啡林中。这些努力可以防止这些鸟消失。）可知，本文主要讲了团队为拯救松黄雀所做的努力。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了委内瑞拉一种叫做松黄雀的鸟濒临灭绝，科学家团队联合当地农民采取一系列措施保护这种濒危的鸟类。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
8~11.【答案】A、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段In a paper published in Nature Communications on November 8，2022，researchers have successfully changed the brain waves of an aphasic （失语症） paralyzed person into sentences，which are displayed on the computer screen and can "say" thousands of words，as is intended. （在2022年11月8日发表在《自然通讯》上的一篇论文中，研究人员成功地将失语症瘫痪者的脑电波转换成句子，这些句子显示在电脑屏幕上，可以像预期的那样"说出"数千个单词。）可知，该研究的目的是帮助失语症患者说话。故选A。
（2）段落大意题。根据第四段Last year researchers from the University of California used the latest technology to implant （植入） a device into the speech motor area of his brain and connect it with a neural （神经的） instrument to monitor brain wave patterns when he expressed different words.They used computer programs to build a language model with a vocabulary of 50 words for him.When he used these words to "speak" in his mind，his brain wave movement was turned into complete sentences and shown on the screen.For months the team recorded his neural activity when he "spoke"，used AI to identify various patterns and linked them to the words. （去年，加州大学的研究人员使用最新技术将一种设备植入他的大脑言语运动区域，并将其与神经仪器连接，以监测他表达不同单词时的脑电波模式。他们使用计算机程序为他建立了一个词汇为50个单词的语言模型。当他用这些词在脑海中"说话"时，他的脑电波运动被转化为完整的句子并显示在屏幕上。几个月来，该团队记录了他"说话"时的神经活动，使用人工智能识别各种模式，并将其与单词联系起来。）可知，第4段重点介绍了植入装置的工作过程。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Aphasic people like to use this device as it makes communication convenient.Anything is possible. （失语症患者喜欢使用这种设备，因为它可以方便沟通。任何事情都有可能。）可知，从Sean Metzger的话中可以推断出，该设备可能有一个充满希望的未来。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段More aphasic people are needed to participate in the test，which is still a long way from promotion.Experts warn although the study results are impressive，electrode implantation is risky. （需要更多的失语症患者参加测试，这离推广还有很长的路要走。专家警告说，尽管研究结果令人印象深刻，但电极植入是有风险的。）可知，作者对该设备的态度是客观的。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究，研究人员成功地将失语症瘫痪者的脑电波转换成句子，这些句子显示在电脑屏幕上，可以像预期的那样"说出"数千个单词。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"The more advertisements they see，the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when going with their parents and perhaps make a fuss if told 'no'.All that may increase parents' overall stress well beyond a single shopping trip." said lead study author Matthew Lapierre. （该研究的主要作者Matthew Lapierre说："他们看到的广告越多，就越有可能在和父母一起购物时坚持购买物品，如果被告知'不'，他们可能会大惊小怪。所有这些都可能会增加父母的整体压力，远远超过一次购物之旅。"）可知，Matthew Lapierre在研究中试图探索孩子们看电视给父母带来的压力。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句"Commercial content is there for a reason：to elicit purchasing behavior. （商业内容的存在是有原因的：elicit购买行为。）并结合常识可知，商业内容会引发购买行为。故elicit意为"引发；引起"。A.Cause引起；B.Challenge挑战；C.Practise练习；D.Guarantee保证。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据到数第二段Advertisers are finding creative ways around that，for example，through product placement and integrated （综合的） branding in a show，Lapierre said.And advertising toward children remains a multibillion-dollar industry. （Lapierre说，广告商正在寻找创造性的方法来解决这一问题，例如在节目中植入产品和整合品牌。面向儿童的广告仍然是一个价值数十亿美元的行业）可推知，Lapierre认为流媒体服务中投放广告是一种向儿童推销产品或品牌的隐蔽方式。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据第一段There's bad news for parents who frequently leave their kids in front of the TV：It might actually end up leaving moms and dads more stressed. （对于那些经常把孩子放在电视机前的父母来说，有一个坏消息：这实际上可能会让父母压力更大）可知，本文主要介绍一项研究结果---孩子接触电视会让父母压力更大。D项"Kids' exposure to TV makes parents more stressed（孩子接触电视会让父母压力更大）"最能概括本文主旨。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，对于那些经常把孩子放在电视机前的父母来说，这实际上可能会让父母压力更大。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】C、F、D、A、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文Other ingredients（原料） and shapes can vary. （其他成分和形状可能有所不同。）可知，空格处应说明面包的原料。C项"Bread is a food made of flour and water. （面包是一种由面粉和水制成的食物。）"说明面包的原料是面粉和水，符合语境。故选C项。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Archaeologists （考古学家） have discovered pictures of bakeries and loaves of bread in ancient Egyptian archaeological sites. （考古学家在古埃及考古遗址发现了面包店和面包的照片）可知，上文提到了古代面包店以及面包的照片。根据下文Home-bakers，usually women，baked only the bread they would need for that day. （家庭面包师，通常是女性，只烤当天需要的面包。）可知，下文提到家庭面包师烤面包。所以，空格处应承上启下，将面包店和家庭面包师结合起来。F项"Bread bakeries and home-bakers used the same techniques. （面包店和家庭面包师使用了相同的技术。）"说明面包店和家庭面包师使用的技术相同，符合语境。故选F项。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文The grain was broken by hand into flour on stone.The flour was mixed with water and salt. （谷物在石头上用手掰成面粉。面粉与水和盐混合。）可知，上文讲述古埃及人制作面包的步骤。D项"It was placed in a pot and baked in a clay oven. （把它放在一个锅里，在一个粘土烤箱里烤。）"承接上文，也是制作面包的步骤。故选D项。
（4）推理判断题。根据下文Egyptian bakers added to their bread an important ingredient：yeast （酵母）. （埃及面包师在面包中添加了一种重要成分：酵母。）"可知，上文讲到制作面包的成分：酵母。A项"It makes bread rise. （它使面包上升。）"说明使用酵母的好处，符合语境。故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Yes，you can still bake your own bread at home with store-bought flour and yeast. （是的，你仍然可以在家里用商店里买的面粉和酵母烤自己的面包。）可知，上文说到你可以在家里自制面包。E项"You can also buy bread made at small bakeries. （你也可以在小面包店买面包。）"说到你也可以买面包，与上文是并列关系。故选E项。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古埃及人是如何烘焙面包的。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、B、A、D、C、A、C、D、A、C、C、B、B、D、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.effective有效的；B.powerful强大的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据下文 "And then my teacher told me about the financial aid system. （然后我的老师告诉我关于经济援助制度的情况。）" 可知，作者没有钱支付大学学费，所以他没有意识到他的梦想有多昂贵。故选D。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.survived幸存；B.struggled努力，奋斗，挣扎；C.discovered发现；D.explored探索。根据下文 "And then my teacher told me about the financial aid system. （然后我的老师告诉我关于经济援助制度的情况。）" 可知，作者家庭贫困，来自一个中产阶级家庭，一直在努力维持生计。struggle to make ends meet意为 "勉强维持生计"。故选B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.heart心；B.letter信；C.memory记忆；D.wisdom智慧。根据下文 "and I was determined" 可知，作者的心是对的，态度很坚决。故选A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.job工作；B.position职位；C.volunteer志愿者；D.scholarship奖学金。根据下文 "but also I（15）two of the scholarships I had applied for" 可知，作者在大四的时候，申请了所有能申请的奖学金。故选D。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.refer to参考，提及；B.adjust to适应；C.qualify for使……有资格；D.search for寻找。根据语境可知，作者认为自己没有资格得到经济援助。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.receiving收到；B.printing印刷；C.translating翻译；D.copying复制。根据下文 "and I（7）expected mine.Finally，a letter arrived from Columbia University." 可知，作者的朋友们开始收到大学的录取通知书。故选A。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.bitterly痛苦地；B.calmly冷静地；C.eagerly热切地；D.firmly坚定地。根据上文 "I was determined" 可知，作者热切地期待着他的录取通知书。故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.reminded提醒；B.ignored忽视；C.left离开；D.struck击打，侵袭。根据句意，此处感到恐惧和喜悦。情感名词+ strike sb.意为 "……侵袭某人；某人感到……"。故选D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.afraid担心的；B.relaxed放松的；C.regretful遗憾的；D.proud自豪的。根据下文 "I had been doing a full-time job，but that wasn't enough to（10）tuition" 可知，作者感到既兴奋又担心，担心不能支付学费。故选A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.hold持有，抓住；B.collect收集；C.cover够支付；D.return归还，返回。根据下文 "and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education." 可知，作者担心这不足以支付学费，cover符合句意。故选C。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mental心理的；B.medical医疗的；C.financial财政的；D.physical身体的。根据下文 "Not only was financial aid going to help me out with my expenses" 可知，作者收到了财政援助办公室的信。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.imagination想象力；B.application申请；C.inspiration灵感；D.introduction介绍。根据上文 "but it was only a letter requesting more information" 可知，这只是一封要求提供更多信息以处理作者的申请的信。故选B。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.offers提供；B.hopes希望；C.notes注意；D.orders命令。根据下文 "kept getting shot down" 可知，作者的希望不断破灭。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.wonder想知道；B.describe描述；C.predict预测；D.determine决定。根据下文 "I had actually made my dream come true." 可知，这个信封决定作者是否能上大学。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.won赢得；B.chose选择；C.united联合；D.missed错过，想念。不仅经济援助将帮助作者解决开支问题，而且作者还赢得了自己申请的两个奖学金！win scholarships意为 "赢得奖学金" ，符合句意。故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
36.【答案】【小题1】including
【小题2】for
【小题3】smelly
【小题4】which
【小题5】appeared
【小题6】especially
【小题7】itself
【小题8】the
【小题9】to establish
【小题10】recognition
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：周四，中国文化部公布了第五份《中国非物质文化遗产代表性元素名录》，增加了185个项目，其中包括制作螺丝粉的技巧。结合句意可知，此处表示"包括"，故用介词including，故填including。
（2）考查介词。句意：螺丝粉是中国南方城市柳州的一道以其独特的气味而闻名的菜肴。be known for表示"因……而闻名"，符合句意，故填for。
（3）考查形容词。句意：它有酸、辣、咸、辣，煮后甚至有臭味。此处用形容词与sour，spicy，salty，hot并列，作is的表语，故填smelly。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：螺丝粉是柳州的一种街头小吃，城外的人对此知之甚少。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Luosifen，在从句中作about的宾语，故填which。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：2012年，螺蛳粉出现在一个热门的中国美食电视节目《舌尖上的中国》中。时间状语为in 2012，句子用一般过去时，故填appeared。
（6）考查副词。句意：互联网的发展，尤其是电子商务和网络美食秀的蓬勃发展，将这种中国本土美食的热情提升到了一个新的水平。此处用副词作状语修饰整个句子，故填especially。
（7）考查反身代词。句意：这道当地菜深受90后的欢迎。结合句意可知，此处表示"它自己本身"，故用反身代词，故填itself。
（8）考查冠词。句意：根据最近的数据，购买者的数量同比增长了9倍。the number of表示"……的数量"，符合句意，故填the。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：随着螺蛳粉越来越受欢迎，当地政府努力确立其官方国际地位。make efforts to do表示"努力做某事"，故填to establish。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：柳州市有关部门已申请联合国教科文组织将螺蛳粉列为非物质文化遗产。结合空前名词所有格UNESCO's可知，此处用名词形式作介词for的宾语，recognition为不可数名词，故填recognition。
本文为说明文，主要介绍了螺蛳粉因为深受欢迎而被列入国家级非物质文化遗产代表性元素名录。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Jack，
I'm excited to share with you the good news that our school will open a winter vacation online course called paper-cutting.Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture，I'm writing to invite you to take it.【高分句型一】（告知消息）
Paper cuttings course will be held online every Tuesday and Thursday from next week.The teacher of the course is Professor Wang，who is a famous paper cuttings artist.【高分句型二】In the course，you can learn some paper cuttings skills and get pleasure from it.（网课安排）
If you will participate，please let me know.Looking forward to your reply.（期待参加）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture，I'm writing to invite you to take it.
译文：知道你热爱中国传统文化，我写信邀请你参加。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture作状语。
高分句型二：The teacher of the course is Professor Wang，who is a famous paper cuttings artist.
译文：这门课的老师是王教授，他是一位著名的剪纸艺术家。
分析：这句话使用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】John walked out of the store and headed for Carl's home.He looked around the street and spotted Carl's house.He walked up the steps and knocked on the door.A kid opened it."Are you Carl？" John asked. "Yes.What's up？" "Are these your shoes？" John asked，pointing down.Then Carl explained that his mother was badly ill and needed money to buy medicine. 【高分句型一】Hearing this，John was moved by his filial piety.He made a decision that he would give the shoes to Carl as a gift.【高分句型二】That night，he told his parents what had happened and got praise from them.（约翰找到卡尔并把鞋子送还给他）
【解析】本是一篇记叙文，讲述了约翰在得到生日礼物---一双名牌运动鞋后，他发现这是一双二手球鞋，他通过努力找到其原来的主人卡尔，被他的孝顺深深感动，约翰决定把鞋子作为礼物送给卡尔的故事。
高分句型一：Then Carl explained that his mother was badly ill and needed money to buy medicine.
翻译：然后卡尔解释说，他的母亲病得很重，需要钱买药。
分析：本句使用了连接词that引导的宾语从句his mother was badly ill and needed money to buy medicine作动词explained的宾语。
高分句型二：He made a decision that he would give the shoes to Carl as a gift.
翻译：他决定把这双鞋作为礼物送给卡尔。
分析：本句使用了连接词that引导的同位语从句he would give the shoes to Carl as a gift对先行词decision的内容进行解释说明。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年山东省德州市高一（上）期末英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Paris has a fantastic collection of cafes，whether you need a cozy spot or a cup of coffee.Here are some of the best places I discovered when I was sent to the branch in Paris to cover an event.
Groundstate Cafe
Sitting in the heart of the city，Groundstate Cafe is always recommended by news reporters.You can easily enjoy a carefree day with a book and a cup of coffee.Groundstate is a popular spot for artists because of the ancient paintings collected by the shop owner.The waiters are always ready to help you.
Le Procope
Located on a downtown street，Le Procope is famous for its enthusiastic service and delicious snacks.Office workers always chat with their friends and have fun with their colleagues.You can enjoy the fresh air and sunshine because they only have seats outdoors.As a result，the owner only runs the shop during the warm seasons.
Coutume Cafe
Situated in the city centre，Coutume Cafe is popular among businessmen to meet their clients.The cafe promotes a life of luxury with fantastic decoration and comfortable chairs.Waiters who are highly educated and elegant can help visitors choose the right type of coffee.
Motors
This recently-opened coffee shop is located in the countryside.They sell delicious local desserts.The waitresses there are helpful and friendly.Some of them are college students who take part-time jobs during weekends.It is also a perfect shopping market for people to buy some coffee products and taste some local delicacies.I am sure that I will bring some products to my colleagues when I return.
1. Which place appeals to art lovers？ ______
A. Groundstate Cafe. B. Le Procope.
C. Coutume Cafe. D. Motors.
2. What do Le Procope and Motors have in common？ ______
A. They have a long history. B. They are located downtown.
C. They both offer nice snacks. D. They are open all year round.
3. What does the writer probably do？ ______
A. A famous cook. B. A French artist.
C. A news reporter. D. A waitress in Cafe.
B
On Oct.24，2018 photo，a male red siskin bird is resting on a branch in Vargas，Venezuela.The bird is called "Little Cardinal" by the locals and appears on the money of Venezuela，on products and even in school books.But recently，the small song birds are disappearing from the wild.
Once flourishing in the millions，as few as 300 remain in the wild in Venezuela.The male siskin is valued for its red feathers and black head.Hunters，even the local farmers，often catch and sell the birds for money.Protection under Venezuelan law has not stopped hunters from catching the birds to sell on an illegal international market.Meanwhile，more and more forests are being cut down to plant cash crops.
That threat has brought attention from an international team.The team includes scientists from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C.and coffee farmers in Venezuela's mountains.They hope to save the bird with the help of the farmers.An effective plan has been made to have farmers plant organic coffee plants.Such coffee plants are covered with branches which make good nesting places for the birds.
Planting organic coffee crops with branches stops farmers from increasing production by thinning their coffee crops to let more sun onto their fields.Farmers who meet the project's rules will win the right to sell their beans with "Bird Friendly" labels.They will be able to set prices for such "high quality" products that can be five times higher than legal prices set by the government.
At the same time，a red siskin breeding center is being built at a private zoo in Venezuela where 200 birds are expected to be born next year.This number will be added to the 25 siskins at the Smithsonian Institution.Red siskins from the center will be placed in the coffee forests.These efforts could prevent the birds from disappearing.
There are reports of early success.About 40 farmers in the mountains of Carayaca，northwest of the capital Caracas，have stopped cutting down trees，a move that will help the siskin to get away from the dangerous situation.
4. What do we know about the siskin from paragraph 1？ ______
A. Its benefits for local education.
B. Its wide popularity in the past.
C. Its beautiful gesture on branches.
D. Its great value for the environment.
5. What caused the decline in the bird's number？ ______
A. Lack of laws from the government.
B. Illegal trade for making high profits.
C. Being hunted for the delicious meat.
D. Planting cash crops for enough food.
6. Why does the team have farmers plant organic coffee plants？ ______
A. To let more sun onto the farmers' fields.
B. To improve the quality of the cash crops.
C. To offer branches to the breeding center.
D. To create enough nesting places for the bird.
7. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. The value of the endangered red siskin.
B. The reasons for the red siskin's disappearing.
C. The profits the farmers get from coffee plants.
D. The efforts the team made to save the red siskin.
C
Is it likely that a person who originally has no language ability is cheerfully discussing the World Cup with you？The answer is yes.
In a paper published in Nature Communications on November 8，2022，researchers have successfully changed the brain waves of an aphasic（失语症）paralyzed person into sentences，which are displayed on the computer screen and can "say" thousands of words.as is intended.
This participant is 30 years old.A decade ago he was aphasic due to stroke，his arms and legs unable to move.He depended on a pole pinned on the baseball cap to click the letters on the screen to communicate with people.It's quite inconvenient.
Last year researchers from the University of California used the latest technology to implant（植入）a device into the speech motor area of his brain and connect it with a neural（神经的）instrument to monitor brain wave patterns when he expressed different words.They used computer programs to build a language model with a vocabulary of 50 words for him.When he used these words to "speak" in his mind，his brain wave movement was turned into complete sentences and shown on the screen.For months the team recorded his neural activity when he "spoke"，used AI to identify various patterns and linked them to the words.Once a researcher asked on the screen， "Do you want some water？" And he answered， "No.I'm not thirsty."
"The spelling speed of the device reaches 29.4 characters per minute.The character error rate is only 6.13%.The offline test results show it can be expanded to a large vocabulary containing 9000 words，maintaining a low character error rate-8.23%，" said Sean Metzger，the lead author of the paper. "Aphasic people like to use this device as it makes communication convenient.Anything is possible."
More aphasic people are needed to participate in the test，which is still a long way from promotion.Experts warn although the study results are impressive，electrode implantation is risky.
8. What is the purpose of the research？ ______
A. To assist aphasic patients to talk.
B. To better people's communication.
C. To cure those incapable of speaking.
D. To improve patients' language skills.
9. What does paragraph 4 focus on？ ______
A. The practical application of the findings.
B. A disadvantage of the language model.
C. The working process of the implanted device.
D. A supporting evidence for the research results.
10. What can be inferred from Sean Metzger's words？ ______
A. The device may have a promising future.
B. The device can do anything for aphasic group.
C. Further research will centre on avoiding errors.
D. Further research will face many new challenges.
11. Which word best describes the author's attitude to the device？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Objective.
D
There's bad news for parents who frequently leave their kids in front of the TV：It might actually end up leaving moms and dads more stressed.The findings come from a University of Arizona-led study，which explores the potential effects of children's television watching habits on their parents' stress levels.
The logic behind this is clear.The more television kids watch，the more they're exposed（接触）to advertising，which often features bright colors，upbeat music and flashy characters and can be especially persuasive，since，developmentally，children aren't fully capable of understanding advertising's intention. "The more advertisements they see，the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when going with their parents and perhaps make a fuss if told 'no'.All that may increase parents' overall stress well beyond a single shopping trip." said lead study author Matthew Lapierre.
There are a few things parents can do，perhaps the most obvious of which is limiting screen time. "Commercial content is there for a reason：to elicit purchasing behavior.So，if this is a problem，maybe shut off the TV，" Lapierre said.Of course，that can be easier said than done，he admitted.
Another thing parents can try，especially as advertising targeting children rockets around the holidays：Consider how they talk to their kids about consumerism.At this time，effective parent-child consumer-related communication can work well.
Overall，communication between parents and children is a better strategy for reducing stress in parents.However，the research found，this communicative strategy shows dropping returns when children ask for more products or have more consumer conflict with parents.
With the rise of streaming services，however，many viewers are no longer being exposed to the traditional advertising of network or cable TV.Advertisers are finding creative ways around that，for example，through product placement and integrated（综合的）branding in a show，Lapierre said.And advertising toward children remains a multibillion-dollar industry.
"In general，more television exposure means more exposure to advertisements.Even if I'm streaming，I'm likely seeing more integrated branding，" Lapierre said， "such hidden advertising is harder to detect and has a greater influence on children's consuming habits，leaving parents more stressed.
12. What does Matthew Lapierre attempt to explore in the study？ ______
A. The influence the bad news on TV has on parents.
B. Children's ability to understand TV commercials.
C. The stress the kids' watching TV brings to parents.
D. Strategies to stop kids watching TV advertisements.
13. What does the underlined word "elicit" mean in paragraph 3？ ______
A. Cause. B. Challenge. C. Practise. D. Guarantee.
14. How does Lapierre consider the placement advertising in streaming services？ ______
A. A simple and better means of advertising a product.
B. A hidden way to promote products or brands to kids.
C. An easy way to avoid conflicts between kids and parents.
D. An effective approach to keeping kids from TV commercials.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？ ______
A. People should keep off the influence of TV ads
B. Advertisers make commercial contents appealing
C. TV commercials can educate the kids unknowingly
D. Kids' exposure to TV makes parents more stressed
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bread Baking in Ancient Egypt
Did you know that bread is one of the earliest human inventions？
（ 1） ______ Other ingredients（原料）and shapes can vary.Scientists have learned that humans have been eating bread in some form or another for 30，000 years.
Archaeologists（考古学家）have discovered pictures of bakeries and loaves of bread in ancient Egyptian archaeological sites.（2） ______ Home-bakers，usually women，baked only the bread they would need for that day.
In fact，because they had no potatoes or rice，bread was the most important in the ancient Egyptians' diet.Egyptians used a grain much similar to wheat for their bread.The grain was broken by hand into flour on stone.The flour was mixed with water and salt. （3） ______ This Egyptian bread was a flatbread.Indian naan and Middle Eastern pita are two examples of flatbread eaten today.At the end of the ancient Egyptian period，however，around 300 BC，Egyptian bakers added to their bread an important ingredient：yeast（酵母）. （4） ______ Most breads today are made using those four basic ingredients：flour，yeast，salt，and water.
However，bread production today is more complicated.Yes，you can still bake your own bread at home with store-bought flour and yeast. （5） ______ But the bread you see in grocery stores is made in large factories which bake many different breads.
A.It makes bread rise.
B.Not all the Ancient Egyptians ate bread.
C.Bread is a food made of flour and water.
D.It was placed in a pot and baked in a clay oven.
E.You can also buy bread made at small bakeries.
F.Bread bakeries and home-bakers used the same techniques.
G.Ancient Egyptian farmers depended much on it for their grain harvest.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the start of my senior high school life，I began to dream of entering Columbia University.But what I didn't realize was how （1） ______ my dream was.I came from a middle-class family，and it seemed as though we had always （2） ______ to make ends meet.
I wasn't the smartest person in my class，not even close；but my （3） ______ was in the right place，and I was determined.I applied for every （4） ______ I could in my senior year.And then my teacher told me about the financial aid system.I applied，but I didn't think I would （5） ______ that either.
After the holidays，my friends started （6） ______ their acceptance letters from colleges，and I （7） ______ expected mine.Finally，a letter arrived from Columbia University.Feelings of fear and joy （8） ______ me when I opened the envelope with trembling hands.I had done it!I cried for a while，feeling both extremely excited and （9） ______ .I had been doing a full-time job，but that wasn't enough to （10） ______ tuition（学费），and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education.
Months went by before a letter from the （11） ______ aid office came.I opened it anxiously，but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my （12） ______ .This happened over and over，and my （13） ______ kept getting shot down.Eventually，an envelope arrived，the one that would （14） ______ whether I could attend college.Not only was financial aid going to help me out with my expenses，but also I （15） ______ two of the scholarships I had applied for!I had actually made my dream come true.
21. A. effective B. powerful C. hopeful D. expensive
22. A. survived B. struggled C. discovered D. explored
23. A. heart B. letter C. memory D. wisdom
24. A. job B. position C. volunteer D. scholarship
25. A. refer to B. adjust to C. qualify for D. search for
26. A. receiving B. printing C. translating D. copying
27. A. bitterly B. calmly C. eagerly D. firmly
28. A. reminded B. ignored C. left D. struck
29. A. afraid B. relaxed C. regretful D. proud
30. A. hold B. collect C. cover D. return
31. A. mental B. medical C. financial D. physical
32. A. imagination B. application C. inspiration D. introduction
33. A. offers B. hopes C. notes D. orders
34. A. wonder B. describe C. predict D. determine
35. A. won B. chose C. united D. missed
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's Ministry of Culture announced the Fifth National List of Representative Elements of Intangible Cultural Heritage（非物质文化遗产）of China on Thursday，adding 185 items to the list，（ 1） ______ （include） the skills of making Luosifen.
Luosifen is a dish known （2） ______ its special smell in the southern Chinese city of Liuzhou.Those who try it say they can never forget the magical taste.It is sour，spicy，salty，hot and even （3） ______ （smell） after being boiled.
Luosifen served as a street snack in Liuzhou，（ 4） ______ people outside of the city knew little about.In 2012，Luosifen （5） ______ （appear）in a hit Chinese food TV program-"A Bite of China".After that it became a household name.
The development of the Internet，（ 6） ______ （especial） the boom of e-commerce and online eating show，has brought this Chinese local food passion to a new level.Luosifen often shows up in videos by food bloggers and eating show hosts.The local dish finds （7） ______ （it） well received by the post-90s generation.According to recent data，（8） ______ number of buyers is growing 9 times year on year.
As Luosifen becomes more and more popular，the local government makes efforts （9） ______ （establish） its official international position.Authorities in Liuzhou City have applied for UNESCO's （10） ______ （recognise） of Luosifen as an intangible cultural heritage.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你校计划开设寒假网上剪纸（paper-cutting）课程。请你写封邮件邀请你的英国笔友Jack参加，内容包括：
（1）告知消息；
（2）网课安排；
（3）期待参加。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack，
Yours， Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
John woke up on his big day，excited to go to school and see his friends of his music club.He went to the kitchen and his mother had made his favorite cake，and she had already lit the candles.The teenager blew out the candles. "Happy Birthday，my boy.I hope you have the best day ever，" his mom said with the biggest smile.His dad patted his back gently.
John was about to leave when they stopped him. "Wait a minute!We have something special for you!" his mother announced and took out a box，which they had been hiding for a few weeks in the kitchen.
John's eyebrows rose in surprise.Gifts in his home were rare because they had a tight budget.However，this gift was a big surprise because the box looked like one of his favorite brands（品牌）.He screamed， "MOM!DAD!Are you serious？"
"Congratulations，baby!" John's mom said. "Now，I tell you the truth.It is not new at all.I found it from Mr.Green's second-hand shop，but it looks pretty new，right？"
"I don't care where it came from，Mom.It is amazing!Thank you so much!" he assured her. "I can't wait to show it off in my club!"
In the afternoon，John showed off his guitar to his friends.Brandon，one of the band members，saw the back of the guitar. "Hey，man.There's something written here，" he said.John grabbed the guitar and saw a line of words on the back.It read： "To my dearest boy."
"Your mom wrote that？" said Brandon.
"No，this is not my mom's handwriting." John shook his head， "it must be from the old owner."
"It is a good one，" Brandon murmured， "its old owner must be a good player."
On the way home from school，Tom passed by Mr.Green's store.Out of curiosity，he went in and asked around.The old man said， "Oh，it was brought in by Carl last month.He looked in urgent need of money that day.He lives nearby and I know his address."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
John walked out of the store and headed for Carl's home.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Groundstate is a popular spot for artists because of the ancient paintings collected by the shop owner.（Groundstate是艺术家们的热门景点，因为店主收藏了古画。）可知，吸引艺术爱好者的地方是Groundstate Cafe。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Located on a downtown street，Le Procope is famous for its enthusiastic service and delicious snacks.（Le Procope位于市中心的一条街道上，以其热情的服务和美味的小吃而闻名。）以及第五段It is also a perfect shopping market for people to buy some coffee products and taste some local delicacies.（这里也是一个完美的购物市场，人们可以购买一些咖啡产品并且品尝一些当地美食。）可知，Le Procope和 Motors的共同点是它们都会提供一些当地的小吃。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Here are some of the best places I discovered when I was sent to the branch in Paris to cover an event.（以下是我被派往巴黎分行报道一场活动时发现的一些最好的地方。）可知，作者需要去报道一场活动，推断出他是一名新闻记者。故选C项。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在巴黎很棒的几所咖啡店。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】B、B、D、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的The bird is called "Little Cardinal" by the locals and appears on the money of Venezuela，on products and even in school books.（这种鸟被当地人称为"小红衣主教"，出现在委内瑞拉的钞票上、产品上，甚至出现在学校的课本上。）可知，这种鸟的形象曾出现在委内瑞拉人的日常生活中，推断出松黄雀在过去很受欢迎。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的The male siskin is valued for its red feathers and black head.Hunters，even the local farmers，often catch and sell the birds for money.Protection under Venezuelan law has not stopped hunters from catching the birds to sell on an illegal international market.（雄性松黄雀因其红色的羽毛和黑色的头部而受到重视。猎人，甚至是当地的农民，经常捕捉并出售这些鸟来赚钱。委内瑞拉法律的保护并没有阻止猎人捕捉这些鸟在非法国际市场上出售。）可知，松黄雀数量的下降是因为猎人们为了高额利益而进行的非法交易。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中的An effective plan has been made to have farmers plant organic coffee plants.Such coffee plants are covered with branches which make good nesting places for the birds.（已经制定了一项让农民种植有机咖啡的有效计划。这种咖啡植物上长满了树枝，这是鸟类很好的筑巢地。）可知，团队让农民种植有机咖啡植物是为鸟创造足够的筑巢场所。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第三段中的An effective plan has been made to have farmers plant organic coffee plants. （已经制定了一项让农民种植有机咖啡的有效计划。）及第五段At the same time，a red siskin breeding center is being built at a private zoo in Venezuela where 200 birds are expected to be born next year.This number will be added to the 25 siskins at the Smithsonian Institution.Red siskins from the center will be placed in the coffee forests.These efforts could prevent the birds from disappearing.（与此同时，委内瑞拉一家私人动物园正在建造一个松黄雀繁殖中心，预计明年将有200只鸟在那里出生。这个数字将被添加到史密森学会的25个松黄雀中。来自中心的松黄雀将被放置在咖啡林中。这些努力可以防止这些鸟消失。）可知，本文主要讲了团队为拯救松黄雀所做的努力。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了委内瑞拉一种叫做松黄雀的鸟濒临灭绝，科学家团队联合当地农民采取一系列措施保护这种濒危的鸟类。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
8~11.【答案】A、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段In a paper published in Nature Communications on November 8，2022，researchers have successfully changed the brain waves of an aphasic （失语症） paralyzed person into sentences，which are displayed on the computer screen and can "say" thousands of words，as is intended. （在2022年11月8日发表在《自然通讯》上的一篇论文中，研究人员成功地将失语症瘫痪者的脑电波转换成句子，这些句子显示在电脑屏幕上，可以像预期的那样"说出"数千个单词。）可知，该研究的目的是帮助失语症患者说话。故选A。
（2）段落大意题。根据第四段Last year researchers from the University of California used the latest technology to implant （植入） a device into the speech motor area of his brain and connect it with a neural （神经的） instrument to monitor brain wave patterns when he expressed different words.They used computer programs to build a language model with a vocabulary of 50 words for him.When he used these words to "speak" in his mind，his brain wave movement was turned into complete sentences and shown on the screen.For months the team recorded his neural activity when he "spoke"，used AI to identify various patterns and linked them to the words. （去年，加州大学的研究人员使用最新技术将一种设备植入他的大脑言语运动区域，并将其与神经仪器连接，以监测他表达不同单词时的脑电波模式。他们使用计算机程序为他建立了一个词汇为50个单词的语言模型。当他用这些词在脑海中"说话"时，他的脑电波运动被转化为完整的句子并显示在屏幕上。几个月来，该团队记录了他"说话"时的神经活动，使用人工智能识别各种模式，并将其与单词联系起来。）可知，第4段重点介绍了植入装置的工作过程。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Aphasic people like to use this device as it makes communication convenient.Anything is possible. （失语症患者喜欢使用这种设备，因为它可以方便沟通。任何事情都有可能。）可知，从Sean Metzger的话中可以推断出，该设备可能有一个充满希望的未来。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段More aphasic people are needed to participate in the test，which is still a long way from promotion.Experts warn although the study results are impressive，electrode implantation is risky. （需要更多的失语症患者参加测试，这离推广还有很长的路要走。专家警告说，尽管研究结果令人印象深刻，但电极植入是有风险的。）可知，作者对该设备的态度是客观的。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究，研究人员成功地将失语症瘫痪者的脑电波转换成句子，这些句子显示在电脑屏幕上，可以像预期的那样"说出"数千个单词。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"The more advertisements they see，the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when going with their parents and perhaps make a fuss if told 'no'.All that may increase parents' overall stress well beyond a single shopping trip." said lead study author Matthew Lapierre. （该研究的主要作者Matthew Lapierre说："他们看到的广告越多，就越有可能在和父母一起购物时坚持购买物品，如果被告知'不'，他们可能会大惊小怪。所有这些都可能会增加父母的整体压力，远远超过一次购物之旅。"）可知，Matthew Lapierre在研究中试图探索孩子们看电视给父母带来的压力。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句"Commercial content is there for a reason：to elicit purchasing behavior. （商业内容的存在是有原因的：elicit购买行为。）并结合常识可知，商业内容会引发购买行为。故elicit意为"引发；引起"。A.Cause引起；B.Challenge挑战；C.Practise练习；D.Guarantee保证。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据到数第二段Advertisers are finding creative ways around that，for example，through product placement and integrated （综合的） branding in a show，Lapierre said.And advertising toward children remains a multibillion-dollar industry. （Lapierre说，广告商正在寻找创造性的方法来解决这一问题，例如在节目中植入产品和整合品牌。面向儿童的广告仍然是一个价值数十亿美元的行业）可推知，Lapierre认为流媒体服务中投放广告是一种向儿童推销产品或品牌的隐蔽方式。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据第一段There's bad news for parents who frequently leave their kids in front of the TV：It might actually end up leaving moms and dads more stressed. （对于那些经常把孩子放在电视机前的父母来说，有一个坏消息：这实际上可能会让父母压力更大）可知，本文主要介绍一项研究结果---孩子接触电视会让父母压力更大。D项"Kids' exposure to TV makes parents more stressed（孩子接触电视会让父母压力更大）"最能概括本文主旨。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，对于那些经常把孩子放在电视机前的父母来说，这实际上可能会让父母压力更大。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】C、F、D、A、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文Other ingredients（原料） and shapes can vary. （其他成分和形状可能有所不同。）可知，空格处应说明面包的原料。C项"Bread is a food made of flour and water. （面包是一种由面粉和水制成的食物。）"说明面包的原料是面粉和水，符合语境。故选C项。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Archaeologists （考古学家） have discovered pictures of bakeries and loaves of bread in ancient Egyptian archaeological sites. （考古学家在古埃及考古遗址发现了面包店和面包的照片）可知，上文提到了古代面包店以及面包的照片。根据下文Home-bakers，usually women，baked only the bread they would need for that day. （家庭面包师，通常是女性，只烤当天需要的面包。）可知，下文提到家庭面包师烤面包。所以，空格处应承上启下，将面包店和家庭面包师结合起来。F项"Bread bakeries and home-bakers used the same techniques. （面包店和家庭面包师使用了相同的技术。）"说明面包店和家庭面包师使用的技术相同，符合语境。故选F项。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文The grain was broken by hand into flour on stone.The flour was mixed with water and salt. （谷物在石头上用手掰成面粉。面粉与水和盐混合。）可知，上文讲述古埃及人制作面包的步骤。D项"It was placed in a pot and baked in a clay oven. （把它放在一个锅里，在一个粘土烤箱里烤。）"承接上文，也是制作面包的步骤。故选D项。
（4）推理判断题。根据下文Egyptian bakers added to their bread an important ingredient：yeast （酵母）. （埃及面包师在面包中添加了一种重要成分：酵母。）"可知，上文讲到制作面包的成分：酵母。A项"It makes bread rise. （它使面包上升。）"说明使用酵母的好处，符合语境。故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Yes，you can still bake your own bread at home with store-bought flour and yeast. （是的，你仍然可以在家里用商店里买的面粉和酵母烤自己的面包。）可知，上文说到你可以在家里自制面包。E项"You can also buy bread made at small bakeries. （你也可以在小面包店买面包。）"说到你也可以买面包，与上文是并列关系。故选E项。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古埃及人是如何烘焙面包的。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、B、A、D、C、A、C、D、A、C、C、B、B、D、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.effective有效的；B.powerful强大的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据下文 "And then my teacher told me about the financial aid system. （然后我的老师告诉我关于经济援助制度的情况。）" 可知，作者没有钱支付大学学费，所以他没有意识到他的梦想有多昂贵。故选D。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.survived幸存；B.struggled努力，奋斗，挣扎；C.discovered发现；D.explored探索。根据下文 "And then my teacher told me about the financial aid system. （然后我的老师告诉我关于经济援助制度的情况。）" 可知，作者家庭贫困，来自一个中产阶级家庭，一直在努力维持生计。struggle to make ends meet意为 "勉强维持生计"。故选B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.heart心；B.letter信；C.memory记忆；D.wisdom智慧。根据下文 "and I was determined" 可知，作者的心是对的，态度很坚决。故选A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.job工作；B.position职位；C.volunteer志愿者；D.scholarship奖学金。根据下文 "but also I（15）two of the scholarships I had applied for" 可知，作者在大四的时候，申请了所有能申请的奖学金。故选D。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.refer to参考，提及；B.adjust to适应；C.qualify for使……有资格；D.search for寻找。根据语境可知，作者认为自己没有资格得到经济援助。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.receiving收到；B.printing印刷；C.translating翻译；D.copying复制。根据下文 "and I（7）expected mine.Finally，a letter arrived from Columbia University." 可知，作者的朋友们开始收到大学的录取通知书。故选A。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.bitterly痛苦地；B.calmly冷静地；C.eagerly热切地；D.firmly坚定地。根据上文 "I was determined" 可知，作者热切地期待着他的录取通知书。故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.reminded提醒；B.ignored忽视；C.left离开；D.struck击打，侵袭。根据句意，此处感到恐惧和喜悦。情感名词+ strike sb.意为 "……侵袭某人；某人感到……"。故选D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.afraid担心的；B.relaxed放松的；C.regretful遗憾的；D.proud自豪的。根据下文 "I had been doing a full-time job，but that wasn't enough to（10）tuition" 可知，作者感到既兴奋又担心，担心不能支付学费。故选A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.hold持有，抓住；B.collect收集；C.cover够支付；D.return归还，返回。根据下文 "and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education." 可知，作者担心这不足以支付学费，cover符合句意。故选C。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mental心理的；B.medical医疗的；C.financial财政的；D.physical身体的。根据下文 "Not only was financial aid going to help me out with my expenses" 可知，作者收到了财政援助办公室的信。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.imagination想象力；B.application申请；C.inspiration灵感；D.introduction介绍。根据上文 "but it was only a letter requesting more information" 可知，这只是一封要求提供更多信息以处理作者的申请的信。故选B。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.offers提供；B.hopes希望；C.notes注意；D.orders命令。根据下文 "kept getting shot down" 可知，作者的希望不断破灭。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.wonder想知道；B.describe描述；C.predict预测；D.determine决定。根据下文 "I had actually made my dream come true." 可知，这个信封决定作者是否能上大学。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.won赢得；B.chose选择；C.united联合；D.missed错过，想念。不仅经济援助将帮助作者解决开支问题，而且作者还赢得了自己申请的两个奖学金！win scholarships意为 "赢得奖学金" ，符合句意。故选A。
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
36.【答案】【小题1】including
【小题2】for
【小题3】smelly
【小题4】which
【小题5】appeared
【小题6】especially
【小题7】itself
【小题8】the
【小题9】to establish
【小题10】recognition
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：周四，中国文化部公布了第五份《中国非物质文化遗产代表性元素名录》，增加了185个项目，其中包括制作螺丝粉的技巧。结合句意可知，此处表示"包括"，故用介词including，故填including。
（2）考查介词。句意：螺丝粉是中国南方城市柳州的一道以其独特的气味而闻名的菜肴。be known for表示"因……而闻名"，符合句意，故填for。
（3）考查形容词。句意：它有酸、辣、咸、辣，煮后甚至有臭味。此处用形容词与sour，spicy，salty，hot并列，作is的表语，故填smelly。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：螺丝粉是柳州的一种街头小吃，城外的人对此知之甚少。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Luosifen，在从句中作about的宾语，故填which。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：2012年，螺蛳粉出现在一个热门的中国美食电视节目《舌尖上的中国》中。时间状语为in 2012，句子用一般过去时，故填appeared。
（6）考查副词。句意：互联网的发展，尤其是电子商务和网络美食秀的蓬勃发展，将这种中国本土美食的热情提升到了一个新的水平。此处用副词作状语修饰整个句子，故填especially。
（7）考查反身代词。句意：这道当地菜深受90后的欢迎。结合句意可知，此处表示"它自己本身"，故用反身代词，故填itself。
（8）考查冠词。句意：根据最近的数据，购买者的数量同比增长了9倍。the number of表示"……的数量"，符合句意，故填the。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：随着螺蛳粉越来越受欢迎，当地政府努力确立其官方国际地位。make efforts to do表示"努力做某事"，故填to establish。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：柳州市有关部门已申请联合国教科文组织将螺蛳粉列为非物质文化遗产。结合空前名词所有格UNESCO's可知，此处用名词形式作介词for的宾语，recognition为不可数名词，故填recognition。
本文为说明文，主要介绍了螺蛳粉因为深受欢迎而被列入国家级非物质文化遗产代表性元素名录。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Jack，
I'm excited to share with you the good news that our school will open a winter vacation online course called paper-cutting.Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture，I'm writing to invite you to take it.【高分句型一】（告知消息）
Paper cuttings course will be held online every Tuesday and Thursday from next week.The teacher of the course is Professor Wang，who is a famous paper cuttings artist.【高分句型二】In the course，you can learn some paper cuttings skills and get pleasure from it.（网课安排）
If you will participate，please let me know.Looking forward to your reply.（期待参加）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture，I'm writing to invite you to take it.
译文：知道你热爱中国传统文化，我写信邀请你参加。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Knowing that you adore Chinese traditional culture作状语。
高分句型二：The teacher of the course is Professor Wang，who is a famous paper cuttings artist.
译文：这门课的老师是王教授，他是一位著名的剪纸艺术家。
分析：这句话使用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】John walked out of the store and headed for Carl's home.He looked around the street and spotted Carl's house.He walked up the steps and knocked on the door.A kid opened it."Are you Carl？" John asked. "Yes.What's up？" "Are these your shoes？" John asked，pointing down.Then Carl explained that his mother was badly ill and needed money to buy medicine. 【高分句型一】Hearing this，John was moved by his filial piety.He made a decision that he would give the shoes to Carl as a gift.【高分句型二】That night，he told his parents what had happened and got praise from them.（约翰找到卡尔并把鞋子送还给他）
【解析】本是一篇记叙文，讲述了约翰在得到生日礼物---一双名牌运动鞋后，他发现这是一双二手球鞋，他通过努力找到其原来的主人卡尔，被他的孝顺深深感动，约翰决定把鞋子作为礼物送给卡尔的故事。
高分句型一：Then Carl explained that his mother was badly ill and needed money to buy medicine.
翻译：然后卡尔解释说，他的母亲病得很重，需要钱买药。
分析：本句使用了连接词that引导的宾语从句his mother was badly ill and needed money to buy medicine作动词explained的宾语。
高分句型二：He made a decision that he would give the shoes to Carl as a gift.
翻译：他决定把这双鞋作为礼物送给卡尔。
分析：本句使用了连接词that引导的同位语从句he would give the shoes to Carl as a gift对先行词decision的内容进行解释说明。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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