17 说明文之方式、方法类 - 研读中考作文真题总结黄金模板备战中考英语高分作文（通用版）

17 说明文之方式、方法类

 研读中考作文真题总结黄金模板备战中考英语高分作文（通用版）

第一部分 说明文之方式、方法类体裁解读及写法点拨

体裁解读

常见的方式、方法说明文有学习方法指导、产品使用说明、操作程序介绍、计划安排等。在写此类作文时，首先要准确把握说明的目的与对象。构思时，必须紧扣题目要求的主要对象和内容。其次要提供足够详细的实例和细节材料，将问题说清楚。阐述的观点和事例可按照逻辑顺序、认识顺序成时间顺序排列，做到内容连贯，逻辑清晰。语言表达上，需要遵循准确性、平实性和科学性等原则，尽量做到正确流畅，简洁明了，同时句式上尽量多样多变，适当加人从何和并列句，避免重复使用简单句和复句。在中考英语写作中，还应注意用间的恰当性。有些同学往在生搬硬会了一些难度较高的大词和短语，但若不后合文章内容，便会显得生硬，效果适得其反。

写法点拨

写这类说明文应把握的要点有：

首先，要细致、准确地了解被说明对象的发展变化规律，也就是要准确地把握一个步骤或进程，不跳跃，不遗漏。只有这样，才能写出能够指导我们生活、工作、学习的说明文。

其次，要用准确、科学的语言来表达。方式、方法说明文所涉及的多是操作步骤、使用方法之类的内容，所以写作时不要说外行话。

再者，内容要点要有详略安排。关键的要点应详写，其余的可以略写。根据说明对象的不同特点来安排详略，不仅能使读者了解其关键所在，还可以避免文章的呆板乏味。

第二部分 说明文之方式、方法类万能黄金模板

①More and more students                 today.(引出一种现象）So it is very important to               .（做法）

②First,                          .Don't                      while          .（第一种解决方法）Second,                             .It is really bad for                      .（第二种解决办法）Third,                    . It will help you                            .              can also help you                       .（第三种解决办法）

③In a word, you should pay more attention to                                .

注

①引出一种现象和观点

②从三个方面给出这个问题的解决方法

③总结全文

模板内容可根据题目要求和具体情况取舍。

第三部分  必备词汇与套用句型

必备亮点词汇

1. 表示建议：should, had better do, suggest, advice, …is a good way…

2. 表示步骤：first of all, at last, and then, after that…

3. 表示计划：plan / prepare for/ to do, be going to, will…

经典套用句型

1. With the rapidly growing popularity of… 随着……的快速普及……

2. It is quite clear that… 十分清楚的是……

3. There are some reasons for … 关于……有以下理由。

4. A recent survey suggests that… 最近的一项调查显示……

5. All we can do is to … 我们所能做的就是……

第四部分  模板范文演练

（成都）英语课上，我们时常进行小组活动。但如何能让这种活动帮助我们把英语学得更好？现在，请根据以下要点，以“How Can Group Activities Help Us Study English Better?”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈自己的看法。

1.活动的任务及完成方式要明确；

2.小组内要有不同的角色分工、要合作；

3.教师的必要帮助；

4.活动结果要在班上分享。

注意：1.短文题目已经给出，不计入总词数（80~100词）；

2.短文必须包括提示，要点和恰当的结尾；

3.文中不得出现师生的真实姓名和所在学校的名称。

参考词汇：cooperate vi.合作 role n.角色 share vt.分享

How Can Group Activities Help Us Study English Better?

万能模板套用分析

首先，提出话题。→话题

其次，阐述具体方法。→方法

最后，表达感想。→感想

满分范文

How Can Group Activities Help Us Study English Better?

As we know,group activities are usually had in English class.① Well,how can we make the activities help us study English better?

First(一二三原则，使用了过渡词），we must know what we need to do in the activity and how to finish it. Next,while we are having the group activity,we each should play a different role in the task and cooperate with each other.(句式多变原则，while引导时间状语从句。）②Then,when we meet some problems, it's necessary for teachers to offer some help.③ Finally,we should share our results with classmates in our class.(长短句结合原则，前面是主从复合句，其中when引导时间状语从句，此处是简单句。）

If we usually do like that, we can improve our English.

你也可以这样表达

① It is known that group actvitios are usuailly had in English cilass.

②Next,we each should play a different part in the task and cooperate with each other even though we are having

the group activity.

③ Teachers' help is necessary when we meet some troubles.

范文译文

小组活动怎样帮助我们更好地学习英语？

我们都知道，在英语课上通常有小组活动。那么，我们怎样使这些活动帮助我们更好地

学习英语？

首先，我们必须知道在活动中我们需要做什么以及如何完成它。其次，当我们正在进行

小组活动时，我们每个人都应该在任务中发挥着不同的作用并相互合作。然后，当我们遇到

问题的时候，老师有必要为我们提供一些帮助。最后，我们应该在课堂上与同学们分享我们

的成果。

如果我们经常那样做，就可以提高我们的英语水平。

第五部分 中考真题黄金模板运用满分作文

A

（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）

最近，你校开展了“巧手制书签，书香满校园”主题活动，请你以“A DIY bookmark for my favourite book”为题，根据表格中的内容提示写一篇英语短文，向学校英文报的读书专栏投稿，介绍制作书签的目的和过程，并分享制作心得。

要求：（1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；

（2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；

（3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；

（4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。

A DIY bookmark for my favourite book

Last week I took part in our school’s Reading & Bookmark-making activity. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

A DIY bookmark for my favourite book

Last week I took part in our school’s Reading & Bookmark-making activity. Its purpose was to help us enjoy reading our favourite book. My favorite book is the classic novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels. I like Monkey King best because he helps the weak and never gives up.

In order to make a bookmark, I prepared a card, scissors, glue and so on.

First, I cut the card into long strips. Second, I drew a picture of a monkey on the left and wrote a famous saying “Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.” on the right to encourage me not to give up when facing difficulties. At last, I glued it to a thin piece of wood.

Although I met some difficulties in this process, I never gave up and I am proud of myself.In a word, if  you want to do it well,you should pay more attention to do it.

【详解】1.题干解读：本文以“A DIY bookmark for my favourite book”为题，并结合表格中的内容，描述制作书签的目的和过程，可适当增加细节。

2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主；人称以第一人称为主。第一段介绍制作书签的目的，以及最喜欢的书的类型和最喜欢这本书的什么地方；第二段重点描述制作书签需要的材料和工具以及制作书签的过程；第三段描述自己的感想。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。

B

（2017·湖南衡阳·中考真题）

中国日报（China Daily）教育版近期举办英语征文竞赛, 其主题为构建和谐社区（Harmonious Community）。假设你是Tony, 住在湘江社区, 请以How to Create a Harmonious Community为题, 谈谈你的看法：

提示词：harmonious：和谐的

要求：

1. 短文中不能出现考生的真实姓名、地址、学校等相关信息。

2. 文中应写出自己的补充的三个观点。

3. 书写工整、语句通顺连贯、词数不少于80。

注意：文章开头已给出, 不计入总词数。

How to Create a Harmonious Community

My name is Tony. I live in Xiangjiang Community. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

How to Create a Harmonious Community

My name is Tony. I live in Xiangjiang Community. How time flies! I have been here for a few years. I think our community is a beautiful one, but I hope it will be harmonious. What and how should we do to create it? It is very important for us  to work together with one heart .Here are my ideas.

First, it’s important to create harmonious families. Children in each family should respect their parents and follow their good advice. When they make decisions, they had better tell their parents their thoughts. When they have time, it is necessary for them to talk with the old in every family.  

Second, as the members in the community, we should be friendly to each other. Once someone is in trouble, others will try their best to help him or her.  

Third, we should get along well with the environment. Therefore, we should take care of flowers, and don’t throw away rubbish everywhere. Then our environment will become better and better.

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求根据提示信息介绍如何创建和谐社区，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。

2.写作指导：写作时要以第三人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时。在写作时开头介绍生活在一个和谐的社区；还要介绍如何创建一个和谐的社区并概括和谐的社区是让每个人都喜欢居住的地方。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。

C

（2021·黑龙江鸡西·中考真题）

同学们都知道安全的重要性，在生活中危险无处不在，你知道如何保护自己的安全吗?请结合自己的实际生活，谈谈看法。

提示:1.家庭安全；2.校园安全；3.户外安全……  

As we all know, danger is everywhere in our life... (文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

As we all know, danger is everywhere in our life and safety is the first. So it’s necessary to know some ways to protect us.

First,family safety.Don’t let children play in the kitchen at home, because they may burn themselves. It’s easy to slip and fall on a wet floor. Be sure to keep the bathroom floor dry after having a shower or bath.

Second,campus safety.Don’t take any knife to school, because it may hurt your classmates by accident.

Third,outdoor safety.When you go across the road, you must obey the traffic rules. Don’t let the children go swimming alone.

I hope these tips can help you.

In a word, you should pay more attention to safety and protect yourself everywhere.

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。围绕“如何保护自己的安全”写一篇短文。

2.写作指导：本文主要采用一般现在时。从生活安全，学校安全和户外安全等方面，结合实际生活提出自己的想法和观点。写作时保持主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。

D

（2021·甘肃天水·中考真题）

学习一门新的语言不是一件容易的事情，不过万事都有规律可循。请根据思维导图提示的语言学习经历和经验，以 “How can we become good language learners?”为题，写一篇英语短文。

要求：

1. 应包含思维导图提示中所有要点，可适当进行拓展；

2. 词数：80词左右；

3. 书写工整规范；

4. 标题、首末段已给出，不计入总词数，无需抄写在答题卡书面表达作答区域；

5. 文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。

How can we become good language learners?

What makes a good language learner? There are some things that good language learners do and some things they don’t do.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Don’t forget that it’s never too late to become a good language learner.

【参考范文】

How can we become good language learners?

What makes a good language learner? There are some things that good language learners do and some things they don’t do.

First, don’t be afraid of making mistakes. People often get things wrong. Good language learners notice their mistakes and learn from them.

Second, do group activities. People use language to communicate with other people. Also, be sure to use a dictionary. Good language learners often use dictionaries to check the meaning of words they don’t know.

Third, good language learners have fun with the language. Watch a film, listen to songs, play video games or read a book.

At last, think in the language you’re learning outside the classroom.

Don’t forget that it’s never too late to become a good language learner.

【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求根据思维导图的提示，写一篇题目为“How can we become good language learners?”的短文。

2.写作指导：本文时态为一般现在时为主，人称主要为第三人称。根据思维导图所给的要点提示进行写作，可适当发挥，注意表达清楚自己的观点，并给出合理的理由和建议来支撑观点，写作时注意语句通顺、语法正确、条理清晰。

E

（2022·广西贵港·二模）

目前，受新冠肺炎变异毒株Omicron（奥密克戎）病毒的影响，我们正处在防疫常态化的特殊时期。在积极抗疫的过程中，人们更加意识到健康是最重要的。作为一名中学生，我们应该如何做才能保持健康？请根据下面表格提示，写一篇英语短文。

要求：

1.内容须包括所有要点，可适当发挥；

2.语句通顺、语法正确、书写工整；

3.文章不得出现考生的真实姓名、校名和地名；

4.词数80左右。短文的开头已给出，但不计入总词数。

5.提示词：mask（口罩），regularly（经常地）.To prevent Omicron from spreading, we have to stay away from the disease. There are many ways to help us keep healthy.

First of all, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

To prevent Omicron from spreading, we have to stay away from the disease. There are many ways to help us keep healthy.

First , you had better stay at school or at home. Remember not to go somewhere crowded and don’t get gathered together.

Second, it’s good for you to take more exercise. Besides, don’t forget to wash hands as much as possible. Third, in order to ensure sleep quality, you should get up early and go to bed early.

Fourth, when you go out, wearing mask is necessary in case that you get infected.

 Last, once you have a temperature, you should stay at home and get nucleic acid test regularly.

What matters most, in my view, is that we should hold a positive attitude towards disease. When we are armed with scientific knowledge and keep positive, the disease seems not to be so horrible. I wish we can get through it.

【详解】1.题目解读：本文是材料作文写作，要求考生根据所给的“抗疫情保健措施”写一篇“在疫情期间如何保持健康”的文章。内容必须包含图表中的所有要点，在此基础上，可以适当发挥，增加相关内容。

2.写作指导：本文采用第一人称，时态上使用一般现在时。内容上主要包含以下内容：待在学校或待在家，不聚集，不到拥挤的地方；经常洗手，多锻炼；早睡早起，保证睡眠；出门戴口罩；如果你发烧了，你必须居家隔离，并定期做核酸。结构上采用三段式结构，第一段引出话题，第二段撰写主要内容，第三段愿景式收尾。注意段与段之间的衔接，保证行文的逻辑性。

F

（2020·四川雅安·中考真题）

现在越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语，假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Frank打算学习汉语，写信询问你学习汉语的方法。请你用英语给他回封电子邮件。

要点提示：

1.你的认识：汉语有用且有趣，是世界上最重要的语言之一。

2.你的建议：看汉语电视节目、听磁带；多阅读汉语书籍；尝试用汉语写作； ……

3.表达祝愿.。

注意：

1.词数80﹣100，开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数；

2.短文必须包括所有要点,，可适当发挥,使其连贯、通顺；

3.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名等相关信息。

Dear Frank,

How's it going? You asked me about the ways of learning Chinese in your last letter.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Frank,

How's it going? You asked me about the ways of learning Chinese in your last letter. I think Chinese is useful and interesting. It is one of the most important languages in the world. So it is necessary to learn Chinese well. Here are some tips on how to learn Chinese.

First, you should spend more time learning Chinese by watching Chinese TV programs and listening to tapes. Second, reading more Chinese books is a good way to improve Chinese.

Third, you can try to write in Chinese and don’t be afraid to make mistakes.

I wish you success in learning Chinese.

Yours,

Li Hua

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Frank打算学习汉语，因此他写了一封信向你询问有关于学习汉语的方法，要求你根据要点提示给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括你对汉语的认识、学习汉语的方法以及你对他的祝愿和希望；注意要点要齐全，可适当发挥。

2. 写作指导：本文主要采用第二、第三人称来展开写作，辅以第一人称，时态主要用一般现在时。写作时要认真审题，根据提示的内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作；可以围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等；语言的表述要符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；层次要分明、条理要清晰。

G

（2016·四川宜宾·中考真题）

班级将举办英语演讲比赛，请根据思维导图，以“How to Be Happy”为题目，写一篇90词左右的演讲稿。开头和结尾已经给出（不计入总词数）。

要求：

1. 短文应条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明。

2. 短文中不能出现真实的姓名、学校、地名等信息。

3. 短文应包括全部信息，可围绕主题适当发挥。

Good morning, everybody! The topic I want to talk about today is “How to Be Happy”. The following are my suggestions.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Good morning, everybody! The topic I want to talk about today is “How to Be Happy”. The following are my suggestions.

First of all, we should have life aims. When we have life aims, we can be clear about what to do every day and live a busy and meaningful life.

Second, we must keep healthy. Without good health, we will have nothing. So we should have good life habits and try our best to take exercises every day.

Finally, we ought to be ready to help others. When we help those in trouble, we can get much happiness.

I believe if we do so, we can have a happy life.

That’s what I want to share with you. Thank you!

【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求以“How to Be Happy”为题目，写一篇90词左右的演讲稿；要求包含思维导图中的所有信息。

2.写作指导：此作文时态宜用一般现在时，采用第一人称口吻。可按照6段落格式，第一段：开门见山，引出下文的建议；第二段：介绍第一个建议——有人生目标及其原因；第三段：介绍第二个建议——保持健康及其原因；第四段：介绍第三个建议——帮助他人及其原因；第五段和第六段：总结全文，按照这些建议去执行，肯定可以过上幸福的生活。