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2023年上海市长宁区中考英语一模试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2023年上海市长宁区中考英语一模试卷（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了0分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年上海市长宁区中考英语一模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
七
八
九
十
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
1. It's_______common knowledge that water freezes at zero degree centigrade.（ ）
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. Don't worry，Mum.I'm old enough to care_______my little sister at home.（ ）
A. from B. for C. with D. of
3. Tom's pencil case is the same color as_______.It sometimes gets us very confused.（ ）
A. mine B. me C. my D. myself
4. You can choose to buy either the phone or the computer，but you can't buy_______.（ ）
A. either B. neither C. both D. all
5. Please tell me the truth，_______I can know what suggestions to give you.（ ）
A. for B. and C. but D. or
6. The staff in that model shop are_______to the customers.I like to shop there.（ ）
A. politely B. patiently C. friendly D. gently
7. The students are lying on the grass after the football match. They_______
be very tired.（ ）
A. should B. must C. can D. need
8. Tina hardly knew anything about yesterday's school sports meeting，_______she？（ ）
A. does B. doesn't C. did D. didn't
9. 5 G technology will enable information to spread as_______as possible.（ ）
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
10. My grandfather_______many traditional paintings since he joined the Elderly Club.（ ）
A. had collected B. would collect C. collected D. has collected
11. Be careful!Never let such a foolish thing_______again during your test.（ ）
A. happen B. happens C. to happen D. happening
12. The man denied_______the old woman's purse in the book store.（ ）
A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stole
13. Our housing estate_______at the end of next week to welcome the coming new year.（ ）
A. is decorated B. was decorated
C. will be decorated D. has been decorated
14. _______easy it is to memorize new words by using link method!（ ）
A. What B. What an C. How an D. How
15. _______the police have new evidence to prove the young man is guilty，he will be set free soon.（ ）
A. Because B. Unless C. Until D. Since
二、完形填空（本大题共6小题，共12.0分）
Many of you will start a new school this September，which can mean making your own way there for the first time.You may feel（1） or excited about travelling to a new place on your own，but it's also a chance to become more independent.
Plan your route
Travelling to a new school can mean a longer journey and catching a bus or train by yourself.Planning a route and working out the（2） and safest way to get there will help you feel more prepared.For example，if you're going to walk or cycle to your new school，think about the safest places to cross the road.If you're travelling by bus or train，find the nearest stop or station and work out how long the journey takes.This will help you arrive safely and（3） .
Make the most of your journey
According to a Government survey，walking is the most popular way of getting to secondary school，followed by catching a bus.If you live close enough，walking or cycling to school is a great way to start your day.Exercise（4） your body and releases chemicals in your brain that can make you happier and less stressed.It's also a（5） to meet up with friends you don't see in class.The Week Junior reader Harvey，aged 13，says，"I cycle to school with my friends.It's fun and we have a chat on the way."
Be prepared
An article in the Week Junior suggests doing a walking test before the term starts to（6） the best route.If you're cycling，make sure you have a helmet，bike lock and lights，and stay dry by packing a raincoat or an umbrella if you're walking.
16. A. foolish B. honest C. nervous D. disappointed
17. A. easiest B. happiest C. freshest D. luckiest
18. A. in a hurry B. as well C. so far D. on time
19. A. plays with B. wakes up C. depends on D. turns out
20. A. surprise B. method C. chance D. plot
21. A. discover B. delay C. imagine D. limit
三、阅读理解（本大题共5小题，共12.0分）
A
WIN A TRIP INTO SPACE
Space Travel International
Looking for somewhere new 10 visit？
Enter our competition and you could win a trip into space！
Back in the 2020s，space travel was just for the rich，but now it's for everyone!Space Travel International now provides trips into space at very good prices.And this month，we are giving five lucky people the chance to win a free trip into space！
●All you have to do is to tell us why you'd like to win a space trip in 25 words or less.
●The competition closes on May 31.
●On June 1，our robot judges will read all the entries （参赛作品），and the best five will win a free trip.
For the winners，this will be an amazing experience.You'll see the world like never before.
Our comfortable，safe Globe Orbiter spacecraft will take of，fly up to 250 kilometers above the Earth's surface，and go into orbit （轨道） around the Earth.You'll be able to look down at the oceans，continents，and clouds.At night，you'll see the lights of cities.One orbit of the Earth takes 90 minutes，so you'll see the sun rise and set many times.You'll be able to send great photos to your friends and family!
In space，you'll float around inside the spacecraft.You'll enjoy delicious meals，and also be able to sleep if you're not too excited!After 36 hours in space，you'll return to the Earth.
Don't miss this great chance to travel into space.Enter our competition today.Don't forget to write your name，address and phone number on the entry form.→ Download Entry Form
22. This material can be found in a .
A. science fiction B. textbook
C. website D. comic strip
23. If you want to enter the competition，you should .
A. pay a little money
B. hand it in on June 1
C. write some safety rules of space travel
D. tell the reason in less than 25 words （3） will decide the winners of the competition. A.The owner of Space Travel International B.The astronaut of Globe Orbiter spacecraft C.The rich clients of Space Travel International D.The robot judges of Space Travel International
24. People can do the following activities in space like .
A. having meals and floating around
B. taking photos and having sports
C. making interesting films and sleeping
D. enjoying the night views and taking showers
25. Which of the following statements is TRUE？
A. The space trip lasts for almost 90 minutes.
B. You may be too excited to sleep in space.
C. You can enter the competition on the phone.
D. Winners will travel into space at very good prices.
26. The material is written for .
A. astronauts who have been to space
B. anyone who would like to travel into space
C. students who went to learn about space
D. scientists who carry out a space experiment
第II卷（非选择题）
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共12.0分）
27. Galante is a wildlife biologist studying animals that are nearly dying out.A reporter Daniels spoke with him about his job.Read part of their conversation below.
Daniels：How old were you when you knew you wanted to be a biologist？
Galante：For as long as I can remember，I knew I wanted to work with animals，or study animals，or just have anything to do with animals.But it wasn't really until after graduating from college with a biology degree that I was like，"Oh，okay，I'm actually a biologist now."
Daniels：You're able to travel all around the world.What are some of your favourite places that you have been to over the years？
Galante：I'm very lucky with all the places I've got to go.Africa is always closest to my heart.You see elephants and lions and all these big animals.But my favorite place I've ever been is Palau （帕劳群岛）.I was amazed by the underwater scene there.
Daniels：What's the best and most rewarding part of your job？
Galante：The best and most rewarding part of my job is what we're doing right now.It's inspiring young people to care so much about wildlife.To tell you the truth，I love to travel and work with animals.But all of that can't be compared to the most exciting and rewarding moment when I get an email from somebody like you.I'm so delighted to bear"I want to do that when I grow up." And so that's what makes it all worth it：inspiring the next generation of young people to protect our environment.
(1) Is the material an interview or a play？
(2) When did Galante become a biologist？
(3) Why has Palau been Galante's favourite place？
(4) What does Galante want to encourage the young people to do？
(5) What does the underlined words"all of that"refer to？
(6) Do you agree that young generation is the most important in protecting our environment？Why？
五、选词填空-短文（本大题共2小题，共8.0分）
28.
A.fought B.Fortunately C.unhappy D.As a result E.did their best
Nick was born without arms or legs.At first his parents were shocked but they wanted their son to have a normal life.Nick said， "It was so bard for them but right from the start they（1） to make me independent." With his parents' help，Nick learnt to brush his teeth，answer the phone，use a computer and play the drums.Learning new things was difficult and it took a long time.（2） ，his mum was patient and did not get angry with her son.Nick's mother（3） hard for Nick to go to a school for ordinary kids.She invented something so Nick could hold a pen and pencil.Nick was intelligent and enjoyed learning but some children were unkind.They treated him badly so Nick was（4） at school.Once he even decided to drown himself in the bath.At the last minute，he thought about his parents and decided to live.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
29.
A.thankful B.programmes C.disabled D.lessons E.speeches
Nick's life changed when his mum showed him a newspaper story about a（1） man.This man did great things and helped people.Nick realized that he was not the only person with problems."I decided to be（2） for what I have，" he said.Today Nick has a wonderful life.He is married and has a son.He enjoys football，golf and swimming.Nick travels around the world giving talks to help people.He gives humorous（3） and makes people laugh.These talks also have a serious message. "I tell people to always love themselves，" said Nick.This is one of the many（4） he learnt from his mother.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
六、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共14.0分）
30. Objects are powerful storytellers.They are collected and shown in museums to help visitors understand the（1）p ，make sense of the present，or get to know people and places that may be（2）n to them.
At the British Museum in England，100 objects were chosen to tell important stories about history and culture.One of the objects is the Rosetta Stone with some（3）a Egyptian written words on it.Another is a very different kind of object：a modern credit card.The credit card helps tell the story of how people think about（4）m and shopping in today's world.
An online project called"Moving People，Changing places，" uses objects owned by individual families to tell stories about how they came and started to live in England.An old suitcase covered with travel labels from around the world tells a story about how one member of a family moved from place to place（5）b finally settling in England.
Every person has objects that tell his or her own stories.A poster can tell a story about the band or TV show you love.An old photo album can tell many stories about your family history.A piece of jewelry or artwork which was（6）p down through the generations can tell about your family's values，history，and relationships.
Next time you're looking around your room or your house，take a moment to look（7）c at the objects that surround you.How do your objects help tell your story？
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
七、单词造句（本大题共1小题，共2.0分）
31. the science test，most quickly，finished，in our class，Jason. （连词成句）
八、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
32. We are going to have dinner on the floor of the restaurant.（nine）
33. During the outing，all the students in Garden school enjoyed .（them）
34. In Mr Johnson's lessons，he often tells us some funny . （joke）
35. The target audience for this advertisement was teenagers. （main）
36. My friend Lily was very relaxed and before the final exam. （confidence）
37. The government plans to more jobs for young people this year. （creative）
38. A of ways can be used to solve the pollution problem in our city. (vary)
39. The woman hadn't read the letter，so she was of its contents. （aware）
九、句型转换（本大题共6小题，共12.0分）
40. Bob has already written an article about memory for his school newspaper. （改为一般疑问句）
Bob written an article about memory for his school newspaper ？
41. The insurance company paid Stella 100，000 dollars for her lost necklace. （对划线部分提问）
did the insurance company pay Stella for her lost necklace？
42. Andrew is reading a comic book in his study for the time being. （保持句意基本不变）
Andrew is reading a comic book in his study .
43. My classmate John broke the window when he was playing football. （改为被动语态）
The window by my classmate John when he was playing football.
44. How can I memorize these new English words？Could you tell me？ （两句合并为一句）
Could you tell me how memorize these new English words？
45. The policeman was so careful that he dealt with the case with much patience. （保持句意基本不变）
The policeman was to deal with the case with much patience.
十、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
46. Write at least 60 words about the topic"My suggestions for the new schoolmates"（请根据下面的提示，以"给新同学的建议"为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）
度过了几年的初中学习生活，你终将面临毕业，而马上又会有新的同学即将进入你上过的初中。请根据你的亲身体验写一封短信给这些新同学，给他们提一些学习生活方面的建议，如：学习方法、参与活动、业余生活、师生关系、课后作业等等。短信的开头2句已提供。
（注意：文中不得出现任何姓名、校名以及其它标志性的具体信息，否则不予评分。）
My suggestions for the new schoolmatesDear fellow schoolmates，
Welcome to our school.As I'm leaving here for a senior high school，I'd like to write a few lines of suggestions for you......
__________
Yours， xxx
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】句子中knowledge是不可数名词，句子中不需要加冠词，It's common knowledge 表示众所周知。
故选：D。
水在零摄氏度结冰是众所周知的。
熟悉冠词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
2.【答案】B
【解析】from从……；for为了；with带有，具有；of……的。根据"my little sister"可知，此处是"可以在家照顾我的小妹妹了"。短语care for"照顾"，是动词短语。
故选：B。
别担心，妈妈。我已经长大了，可以在家照顾我的小妹妹了。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
3.【答案】A
【解析】从Tom's pencil case 判断后面说的是我的铅笔盒，使用名词性物主代词mine。
故选：A。
汤姆的铅笔盒和我的铅笔盒是同一种颜色。它有时会让我们混淆。
熟悉名词性物主代词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
4.【答案】C
【解析】all全都，是三者后三者以上；either两者之一；neither两者都不；both两者都。根据You can choose to buy either the phone or the computer"你可以选择购买手机或电脑"可知，此处是他们两个不能都买。两个都使用both。
故选：C。
你可以选择买手机或电脑，但不能两者都买。
要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
5.【答案】B
【解析】for因为；and和，又；but但是；or否则。根据Please tell me the truth"请告诉我真相"可知，此处是祈使句+and+从句，此处用and连接。
故选：B。
请告诉我真相，我知道该给你什么建议。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
6.【答案】C
【解析】politely礼貌地；patiently有耐心地；friendly友好地；gently温柔地。根据I like to shop there"我喜欢在那里购物"可知，此处是"那家模型店的工作人员对顾客很友好"。
故选：C。
那家模型店的工作人员对顾客很友好。我喜欢在那里购物。
考查形容词词义的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
7.【答案】B
【解析】句意：足球比赛结束后，学生们躺在草地上。他们一定很累。should应该；must一定；can能，会；need需要。从The students are lying on the grass
after the football match.判断后面说的是他们一定累了，使用must。故选B。
8.【答案】C
【解析】反意疑问句的原则是：前肯后否、前否后肯。当陈述部分有hardly（几乎不）时，陈述部分要看作否定，所以附加部分要用肯定。根据句意，本句时态为一般过去时。
故选：C。
蒂娜对昨天学校运动会的事几乎一无所知。是吗？
掌握反意疑问句的用法是解答此题的关键。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句子中修饰动词使用副词形式，as…as之间使用原级fast。
故选：A。
5 G技术将使信息尽可能快速传播。
熟悉副词的用法，根据as…as…解答即可。
10.【答案】D
【解析】从since he joined the Elderly Club判断主句时态是现在完成时，构成have/has+动词的过去分词。
故选：D。
自从我祖父加入老年俱乐部以来，他收集了许多传统绘画。
熟悉现在完成时的用法，根据构成解答即可。
11.【答案】A
【解析】let sb.do sth.让某人做某事，用动词原形作宾语补足语。
故选：A。
小心！在考试期间，千万不要让这种愚蠢的事情再次发生。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合let sb.do sth.准确作答。
12.【答案】C
【解析】denied是deny的过去式，deny doing sth.否认做某事，所以填动名词。
故选：C。
该男子否认在书店偷了老妇人的钱包。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合deny doing sth.准确作答。
13.【答案】C
【解析】主语Our housing estate是动词decorate的承受者，根据时间状语at the end of next week 可知用一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是will +be+过去分词。
故选：C。
为了迎接新即将到来的新年，我们的住宅区将于下周末装修完毕。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态和语态准确作答。
14.【答案】D
【解析】在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，easy是形容词，it是形式主语；is 是系动词，动词不定式短语to memorize new words by using link method作真正主语。句型结构为：How +形容词+主语+谓语动词！
故选：D。
用联系法记生词是多么容易啊！
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合感叹句的构成准确作答。
15.【答案】B
【解析】根据题干中前后两句的意思可知：它们是否定的条件关系，选项A.Because（因为，表示原因），不符合要求；选项C.Until（直到...表时间）也不符合要求；选项D.Since（自从...表时间）不对；选项B.Unless（除非...表否定的条件）符合题干要求。
故选：B。
除非警方有新的证据证明这个年轻人有罪，否则他很快就会被释放。
掌握状语从句连接词不同用法和不同意思是做好本题的关键。
16~21.【答案】C、A、D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词词义辨析。句意：独自前往一个新的地方，你可能会感到紧张或兴奋，但这也是一个变得更加独立的机会。foolish愚蠢的；honest诚实的；nervous紧张的；disappointed失望的。根据travelling to a new place on your own，（独自前往一个新的地方，）可知，应该会感到紧张或者兴奋，故选C。
（2）考查形容词词义辨析。句意：规划一条路线，找出最简单、最安全的到达路线，会让你更有准备。easiest最容易的；happiest最高兴的；freshest最新鲜的；luckiest最幸运的。根据下文For example，if you're going to walk or cycle to your new school，think about the safest places to cross the road.If you're travelling by bus or train，find the nearest stop or station and work out how long the journey lakes.（例如，如果你打算步行或骑自行车去你的新学校，考虑一下最安全的过马路的地方。如果你乘坐公共汽车或火车旅行，找到最近的车站或车站，并计算出路程有多长。）可知，说的是找出最简单、最安全的到达路线，故选A。
（3）考查短语辨析。句意：这将帮助你安全、准时到达。in a hurry匆忙；as well也；so far目前为止；on time准时。根据上文文For example，if you're going to walk or cycle to your new school，think about the safest places to cross the road.If you're travelling by bus or train，find the nearest stop or station and work out how long the journey lakes.（例如，如果你打算步行或骑自行车去你的新学校，考虑一下最安全的过马路的地方。如果你乘坐公共汽车或火车旅行，找到最近的车站或车站，并计算出路程有多长。）可知，说的是安全、准时到达，故选D。
（4）考查短语辨析。句意：运动会唤醒你的身体，并在你的大脑中释放化学物质，使你更快乐，压力更小。plays with与…玩；wakes up醒来；depends on取决于；turns out结果。根据releases chemicals in your brain that can make you happier and less stressed.（在你的大脑中释放化学物质，可以让你更快乐，减轻压力。）可知，说的是运动可以唤醒身体，故选B。
（5）考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个与你在课堂上看不到的朋友见面的机会。surprise惊喜；method方法；chance机会；plot情节。根据上文If you live close enough，walking or cycling to school is a great way to start your day.（如果你住得足够近，步行或骑自行车上学是开始一天的好方法。）可知，说的是步行或骑车去学校是与你在课堂上看不到的朋友见面的机会，故选C。
（6）考查动词词义辨析。句意：《少年一周》上的一篇文章建议在学期开始前进行一次步行测试，以找到最佳路线。discover发现；delay延迟；imagine想象；limit限制。根据doing a walking test before the term starts（学期开始前做一次步行测试）可知，说的是找到最佳路线，故选A。
这篇短文主要讲述了去新学校的一些建议。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
22~26.【答案】C、D、D、A、B
【解析】（1）信息来源题。根据最后一段Download Entry Form（下载报名表）可知，本文可在网页上看到。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据●All you have to do is to tell us why you'd like to win a space trip in 25 words or less.（你所要做的就是用不超过25个单词告诉我们你为什么想赢得一次太空旅行。）可知，如果你想参加比赛，你应该在25个字以内说出原因。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据●On June 1，our robot judges will read all the entries（参赛作品），and the best five will win a free trip.（6月1日，我们的机器人评委将阅读所有参赛作品，前五名将赢得免费旅行。）可知，太空旅行国际的机器人评委将决定比赛的获胜者。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段In space，you'll float around inside the spacecraft.You'll enjoy delicious meals，and also be able to sleep if you're not too excited!（在太空中，你会漂浮在宇宙飞船里。你会享受到美味的饭菜，如果你不太兴奋的话，也可以睡觉!）可知，人们可以在太空中以吃饭和漂浮。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段You'll enjoy delicious meals，and also be able to sleep if you're not too excited!（你会享受到美味的饭菜，如果你不太兴奋的话，也可以睡觉!）可推知，在太空中太兴奋了可能会睡不着。故选B。
（6）推理判断题。根据第三段Back in the 2020s，space travel was just for the rich，but now it's for everyone!（在21世纪20年代，太空旅行只是富人的专利，但现在人人都可以!）可知，本文是为任何想进入太空的人写的。故选B。
本文主要介绍了一次太空征文比赛，获胜的前五名可以获得免费畅游太空的机会。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
27.【答案】【小题1】An interview.
【小题2】After graduating from college.
【小题3】Because he was amazed by the underwater scene there.
【小题4】He want to encourage the young people to care so much about wildlife and protect our environment.
【小题5】"All of that"refers to the things that Galante loves to travel and work with animals.
【小题6】Yes，I agree.
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一段Galante is a wildlife biologist studying animals that are nearly dying out.A reporter Daniels spoke with him about his job.Read part of their conversation below.（Galante是一位野生动物生物学家，研究濒临灭绝的动物。一位记者Daniels与他谈论了他的工作。）可知，这个材料是一个采访。故答案为：An interview.
（2）根据第三段But it wasn't really until after graduating from college with a biology degree that I was like，"Oh，okay，I'm actually a biologist now."（但直到大学毕业获得生物学学位后，我才想，"哦，好吧，我现在实际上是一名生物学家。"）可知，Galante大学毕业后成为生物学家的。故答案为：After graduating from college.
（3）根据第五段But my favorite place I've ever been is Palau （帕劳群岛）.I was amazed by the underwater scene there.（但我最喜欢的地方是帕劳群岛。那里的水下景色令我惊叹。）可知，帕劳群岛是Galante最喜欢的地方是因为他对那里的水下景象感到惊讶。故答案为：Because he was amazed by the underwater scene there.
（4）根据最后一段It's inspiring young people to care so much about wildlife.（这激励着年轻人多关心野生动物。）和And so that's what makes it all worth it：inspiring the next generation of young people to protect our environment.（这就是为什么一切都值得：激励下一代年轻人保护我们的环境。）可知，Galante想鼓励年轻人多关心野生动物，保护我们的环境。故答案为：He want to encourage the young people to care so much about wildlife and protect our environment.
（5）根据最后一段To tell you the truth，I love to travel and work with animals.But all of that can't be compared to the most exciting and rewarding moment when I get an email from somebody like you.（说实话，我喜欢与动物一起旅行和工作。但所有这些都不能与收到像你这样的人发来的电子邮件时最激动人心、最有回报的时刻相提并论。）可知，带下划线的单词"all of that"指的是Galante喜欢与动物一起旅行和工作的事情。故答案为："All of that"refers to the things that Galante loves to travel and work with animals.
（6）根据题干Do you agree that young generation is the most important in protecting our environment？Why？（你同意年轻一代在保护我们的环境中最重要吗？为什么？）可知，我同意年轻一代在保护我们的环境中最重要，因为我认为年轻一代在保护环境方面发挥着重要作用。故答案为：Yes，I agree.Because I think the young generation plays an important part in protecting our environment.
本文是一位记者Daniels与一位野生动物生物学家---Galante谈论他的工作的一段采访。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
28.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【解析】（1）考查短语。句意：尼克说："这对他们来说太困难了，但从一开始他们就尽最大努力让我独立。"根据空后to make me independent（使我独立）结合所给单词，可知，空处表示"尽最大努力"。故选E。
（2）考查副词。句意：幸运地，他妈妈很有耐心，没有生儿子的气。根据下文his mum was patient and did not get angry with her son.（他妈妈很有耐心，没有生儿子的气。）结合所给单词，可知空处表示"幸运地"。故选B。
（3）考查动词。句意：尼克的母亲为尼克去一所普通孩子的学校而努力奋斗。根据下文She invented something so Nick could hold a pen and pencil.（她发明了一种东西让尼克可以拿钢笔和铅笔）结合所给单词，可知空处表示"奋斗"。故选A。
（4）考查形容词。句意：他们对他不好，所以尼克在学校很不开心。根据空前They treated him badly （他们对他不好）结合所给单词，可知空处表示"不开心的"。故选C。
文章讲述了尼克出生时没有胳膊和腿，他的父母希望儿子能过上正常的生活。尼克学会了刷牙、接电话、使用电脑和打鼓。然后尼克上学了，尼克很聪明，喜欢学习，但有些孩子不友好。他们对他不好，所以尼克在学校很不开心。有一次他甚至决定把自己淹死在浴缸里。在最后一刻，他想到了他的父母，决定活下去。
根据上下文语境，结合所给单词确定空处单词意思。注意对文章整体大意的把握。
29.【答案】【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】E
【小题4】D
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：尼克的妈妈给他看了一篇关于一个残疾人的报纸报道后，他的生活改变了。根据下文Nick realized that he was not the only person with problems.（尼克意识到他不是唯一有问题的人。）可知，空处表示"残疾的"。故选C。
（2）考查形容词。我决定对我所拥有的一切心存感激。根据下文Today Nick has a wonderful life.He is married and has a son.He enjoys football，golf and swimming.（今天尼克有一个美好的生活。他结婚了，有一个儿子。他喜欢足球、高尔夫球和游泳。）可知，空处表示"充满感激的"。故选A。
（3）考查名词。句意：他的演讲很幽默，让人们开怀大笑。根据上文Nick travels around the world giving talks to help people.（尼克在世界各地巡回演讲，帮助人们。）可知，空处表示"演讲"。故选E。
（4）考查名词。句意：这是他从母亲那里学到的许多经验教训之一。根据上文"I tell people to always love themselves，" said Nick.（"我告诉人们要永远爱自己，"尼克说。）可知，空处表示"经验教训"。故选D。
文章讲了尼克的妈妈给他看了一篇关于一个残疾人的报纸，从此以后尼克对自己的生活充满感激。他在世界各地巡回演讲，帮助人们。
根据上下文语境，结合所给单词确定答案。要注意对文章的整体理解。
30.【答案】【小题1】ast
【小题2】ext
【小题3】ncient
【小题4】oney
【小题5】efore
【小题6】passed
【小题7】arefully
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：它们被收集和展示在博物馆里，以帮助游客了解过去，理解现在，或了解可能在他们旁边的人和地方。根据make sense of the present，（理解现在，）结合首字母p可知空处应填名词：过去，故填：past。
（2）考查形容词。句意：它们被收集和展示在博物馆里，以帮助游客了解过去，理解现在，或了解可能在他们旁边的人和地方。next to（在…旁边）固定搭配，故填：next。
（3）考查形容词。句意：其中一件物品是罗塞塔石碑，上面有一些古埃及文字。根据Egyptian written words （埃及文字）结合首字母a可知空处应填形容词：古老的。故填：ancient。
（4）考查名词。句意：信用卡有助于讲述当今世界人们如何看待金钱和购物的故事。根据The credit card （信用卡）结合首字母可知空处应填名词：钱。故填：money。
（5）考查介词。句意：一个挂满世界各地旅行标签的旧手提箱讲述了一个家庭成员如何从一个地方搬到另一个地方，最后定居在英国的故事。根据how one member of a family moved from place to place（一个家庭中的一个成员是如何从一个地方搬到另一个地方的）结合首字母可知空处应填：在...之前。故填：before。
（6）考查动词。句意：一件代代相传的珠宝或艺术品可以反映出你家庭的价值观、历史和关系。根据A piece of jewelry or artwork which was（一件珠宝或艺术品）根据句意及was，可知是被动语态。pass...down（把…传下来）。故填：passed。
（7）考查副词。句意：下次当你环顾你的房间或房子时，花点时间仔细看看你周围的物体。根据空前look动词，结合首字母c可知空处应填副词：仔细地。故填：carefully。
文章主要讲述了博物馆是保存和展出收藏品的地方。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
31.【答案】Jason finished the science test most quickly in our class.
【解析】首先结合提示词和标点符号明确所要组合的句子是一个肯定句，组合成的句子的句意是"在我们班杰森是完成科学测验最快的。"句子是一般过去时，主语Jason，谓语finished，宾语the science test，状语in our class。
故答案为：Jason finished the science test most quickly in our class.
在我们班杰森是完成科学测验最快的。
做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
32.【答案】ninth
【解析】句子中表示几楼使用序数词，nine的序数词是ninth。
故填：ninth。
我们打算在餐厅的九楼吃饭。
熟悉序数词的用法，根据构成规则解答即可。
33.【答案】themselves
【解析】句子中enjoy oneself表示玩的高兴，后面跟反身代词themselves。
故填：themselves。
郊游期间，花园学校的所有学生都玩得很开心。
熟悉反身代词的用法，根据固定搭配解答即可。
34.【答案】jokes
【解析】句子中some表示一些，后面跟复数形式jokes。
故填：jokes。
在约翰逊先生的课上，他经常给我们讲一些有趣的笑话。
熟悉可数名词及其单复数，根据构成规则解答即可。
35.【答案】mainly
【解析】句子中修饰动词使用副词形式mainly。
故填：mainly。
这则广告的目标受众主要是青少年。
熟悉副词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
36.【答案】confident
【解析】句子中was后面跟形容词形式confident作表语。
故填：confident。
我的朋友莉莉在期末考试前非常放松和自信。
熟悉形容词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
37.【答案】create
【解析】句子中plan to do sth表示计划做某事，后面跟动词原形create。
故填：create。
政府计划今年为年轻人创造更多就业机会。
熟悉动词的用法，根据to解答即可。
38.【答案】variety
【解析】句意：有很多方法可以用来解决我们城市的污染问题。此处是名词短语a variety of各种各样的。故填variety。
注意词组的积累。
39.【答案】unaware
【解析】句子中was后面跟形容词形式unaware作表语。
故填：unaware。
这位女士没有读过信，所以她不知道信的内容。
熟悉形容词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
40.【答案】Has
【解析】原句是现在完成时的肯定句，一般疑问句将has提到主语之前，把alreadly改为yet。
故填：Has；yet。
鲍勃已经为校报写了一篇关于记忆的文章。
考查一般疑问句。掌握一般疑问句的构成形式，结合原句做出正确答案。
41.【答案】How
【解析】根据题干，被划线部分的意思是"十万美元"。对价格的提问，用how much，句首字母大写。
故答案为：How；much。
-保险公司赔偿Stella十万美元为她丢失的项链。
-保险公司为Stella丢失的项链赔偿了多少钱？
对划线部分提问要分析划线部分在句子中的成分，即可找出恰当的特殊疑问词。疑问词后接一般疑问句，用疑问语序。
42.【答案】at
【解析】for the time being"目前"，相当于at present"目前"。
故答案为：at；present。
安德鲁目前正在书房里读一本漫画书。
同义句转换，要熟知短语的用法，写出答案。
43.【答案】was
【解析】原句是一般过去时，其被动语态的构成是was/were +过去分词，主语the window是第三人称单数，be动词用was，break的过去分词是broken。
故答案为：was；broken。
我的同学约翰踢足球时打碎了窗户。
窗户被我的同学约翰踢足球时打碎了。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态和语态准确作答。
44.【答案】I
【解析】句意：你能告诉我怎样才能记住这些新的英语单词吗？宾语从句必须是陈述语序，另外谓语动词应当是现在时态，因为主句中的"Could"是表示委婉的请求，是现在时态。
故填：I can。
你能告诉我怎样才能记住这些新的英语单词吗？
宾语从句必须是陈述语序"Could you do sth？"是表示委婉的请求，是现在时态。
45.【答案】careful
【解析】so+形容词+that+从句，表示"如此……以至于……"；可以转换成"形容词+enough to do sth."可知，此处是"做某事足够……"。was后加形容词，careful enough"足够小心"。
故答案为：careful；enough。
警察如此小心以至于他非常耐心地处理了这个案件。
这位警察足够小心，有耐心地处理了这个案件。
根据题意可知，此处是变成同义句，注意同义短语的用法。写出答案。
46.【答案】My suggestions for the new schoolmates Dear fellow schoolmates，
Welcome to our school.As I'm leaving here for a senior high school，I'd like to write a few lines of suggestions for you.First of all，you should listen carefully in class.You should review carefully after class. （学习方法）After class，you should finish your homework carefully.If you encounter problems，you should ask your teachers and classmates for help in time. 【高分句型一】（课后作业）After class，you should actively participate in after-school activities，such as playing basketball，running，etc. （参与活动、业余生活）You should get along well with teachers and classmates.When they are in trouble，you should help them in time.【高分句型二】（师生关系）
Yours， xxx
【解析】【高分句型一】
If you encounter problems，you should ask yourteachers and classmates for help in time.如果你遇到问题，你应该及时向老师和同学寻求帮助。条件状语从句。
【高分句型二】
When they are in trouble，you should help them in time.当他们有困难时，你应该及时帮助他们。时间状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2023年上海市长宁区中考英语一模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
七
八
九
十
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
1. It's_______common knowledge that water freezes at zero degree centigrade.（ ）
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. Don't worry，Mum.I'm old enough to care_______my little sister at home.（ ）
A. from B. for C. with D. of
3. Tom's pencil case is the same color as_______.It sometimes gets us very confused.（ ）
A. mine B. me C. my D. myself
4. You can choose to buy either the phone or the computer，but you can't buy_______.（ ）
A. either B. neither C. both D. all
5. Please tell me the truth，_______I can know what suggestions to give you.（ ）
A. for B. and C. but D. or
6. The staff in that model shop are_______to the customers.I like to shop there.（ ）
A. politely B. patiently C. friendly D. gently
7. The students are lying on the grass after the football match. They_______
be very tired.（ ）
A. should B. must C. can D. need
8. Tina hardly knew anything about yesterday's school sports meeting，_______she？（ ）
A. does B. doesn't C. did D. didn't
9. 5 G technology will enable information to spread as_______as possible.（ ）
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
10. My grandfather_______many traditional paintings since he joined the Elderly Club.（ ）
A. had collected B. would collect C. collected D. has collected
11. Be careful!Never let such a foolish thing_______again during your test.（ ）
A. happen B. happens C. to happen D. happening
12. The man denied_______the old woman's purse in the book store.（ ）
A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stole
13. Our housing estate_______at the end of next week to welcome the coming new year.（ ）
A. is decorated B. was decorated
C. will be decorated D. has been decorated
14. _______easy it is to memorize new words by using link method!（ ）
A. What B. What an C. How an D. How
15. _______the police have new evidence to prove the young man is guilty，he will be set free soon.（ ）
A. Because B. Unless C. Until D. Since
二、完形填空（本大题共6小题，共12.0分）
Many of you will start a new school this September，which can mean making your own way there for the first time.You may feel（1） or excited about travelling to a new place on your own，but it's also a chance to become more independent.
Plan your route
Travelling to a new school can mean a longer journey and catching a bus or train by yourself.Planning a route and working out the（2） and safest way to get there will help you feel more prepared.For example，if you're going to walk or cycle to your new school，think about the safest places to cross the road.If you're travelling by bus or train，find the nearest stop or station and work out how long the journey takes.This will help you arrive safely and（3） .
Make the most of your journey
According to a Government survey，walking is the most popular way of getting to secondary school，followed by catching a bus.If you live close enough，walking or cycling to school is a great way to start your day.Exercise（4） your body and releases chemicals in your brain that can make you happier and less stressed.It's also a（5） to meet up with friends you don't see in class.The Week Junior reader Harvey，aged 13，says，"I cycle to school with my friends.It's fun and we have a chat on the way."
Be prepared
An article in the Week Junior suggests doing a walking test before the term starts to（6） the best route.If you're cycling，make sure you have a helmet，bike lock and lights，and stay dry by packing a raincoat or an umbrella if you're walking.
16. A. foolish B. honest C. nervous D. disappointed
17. A. easiest B. happiest C. freshest D. luckiest
18. A. in a hurry B. as well C. so far D. on time
19. A. plays with B. wakes up C. depends on D. turns out
20. A. surprise B. method C. chance D. plot
21. A. discover B. delay C. imagine D. limit
三、阅读理解（本大题共5小题，共12.0分）
A
WIN A TRIP INTO SPACE
Space Travel International
Looking for somewhere new 10 visit？
Enter our competition and you could win a trip into space！
Back in the 2020s，space travel was just for the rich，but now it's for everyone!Space Travel International now provides trips into space at very good prices.And this month，we are giving five lucky people the chance to win a free trip into space！
●All you have to do is to tell us why you'd like to win a space trip in 25 words or less.
●The competition closes on May 31.
●On June 1，our robot judges will read all the entries （参赛作品），and the best five will win a free trip.
For the winners，this will be an amazing experience.You'll see the world like never before.
Our comfortable，safe Globe Orbiter spacecraft will take of，fly up to 250 kilometers above the Earth's surface，and go into orbit （轨道） around the Earth.You'll be able to look down at the oceans，continents，and clouds.At night，you'll see the lights of cities.One orbit of the Earth takes 90 minutes，so you'll see the sun rise and set many times.You'll be able to send great photos to your friends and family!
In space，you'll float around inside the spacecraft.You'll enjoy delicious meals，and also be able to sleep if you're not too excited!After 36 hours in space，you'll return to the Earth.
Don't miss this great chance to travel into space.Enter our competition today.Don't forget to write your name，address and phone number on the entry form.→ Download Entry Form
22. This material can be found in a .
A. science fiction B. textbook
C. website D. comic strip
23. If you want to enter the competition，you should .
A. pay a little money
B. hand it in on June 1
C. write some safety rules of space travel
D. tell the reason in less than 25 words （3） will decide the winners of the competition. A.The owner of Space Travel International B.The astronaut of Globe Orbiter spacecraft C.The rich clients of Space Travel International D.The robot judges of Space Travel International
24. People can do the following activities in space like .
A. having meals and floating around
B. taking photos and having sports
C. making interesting films and sleeping
D. enjoying the night views and taking showers
25. Which of the following statements is TRUE？
A. The space trip lasts for almost 90 minutes.
B. You may be too excited to sleep in space.
C. You can enter the competition on the phone.
D. Winners will travel into space at very good prices.
26. The material is written for .
A. astronauts who have been to space
B. anyone who would like to travel into space
C. students who went to learn about space
D. scientists who carry out a space experiment
第II卷（非选择题）
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共12.0分）
27. Galante is a wildlife biologist studying animals that are nearly dying out.A reporter Daniels spoke with him about his job.Read part of their conversation below.
Daniels：How old were you when you knew you wanted to be a biologist？
Galante：For as long as I can remember，I knew I wanted to work with animals，or study animals，or just have anything to do with animals.But it wasn't really until after graduating from college with a biology degree that I was like，"Oh，okay，I'm actually a biologist now."
Daniels：You're able to travel all around the world.What are some of your favourite places that you have been to over the years？
Galante：I'm very lucky with all the places I've got to go.Africa is always closest to my heart.You see elephants and lions and all these big animals.But my favorite place I've ever been is Palau （帕劳群岛）.I was amazed by the underwater scene there.
Daniels：What's the best and most rewarding part of your job？
Galante：The best and most rewarding part of my job is what we're doing right now.It's inspiring young people to care so much about wildlife.To tell you the truth，I love to travel and work with animals.But all of that can't be compared to the most exciting and rewarding moment when I get an email from somebody like you.I'm so delighted to bear"I want to do that when I grow up." And so that's what makes it all worth it：inspiring the next generation of young people to protect our environment.
(1) Is the material an interview or a play？
(2) When did Galante become a biologist？
(3) Why has Palau been Galante's favourite place？
(4) What does Galante want to encourage the young people to do？
(5) What does the underlined words"all of that"refer to？
(6) Do you agree that young generation is the most important in protecting our environment？Why？
五、选词填空-短文（本大题共2小题，共8.0分）
28.
A.fought B.Fortunately C.unhappy D.As a result E.did their best
Nick was born without arms or legs.At first his parents were shocked but they wanted their son to have a normal life.Nick said， "It was so bard for them but right from the start they（1） to make me independent." With his parents' help，Nick learnt to brush his teeth，answer the phone，use a computer and play the drums.Learning new things was difficult and it took a long time.（2） ，his mum was patient and did not get angry with her son.Nick's mother（3） hard for Nick to go to a school for ordinary kids.She invented something so Nick could hold a pen and pencil.Nick was intelligent and enjoyed learning but some children were unkind.They treated him badly so Nick was（4） at school.Once he even decided to drown himself in the bath.At the last minute，he thought about his parents and decided to live.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
29.
A.thankful B.programmes C.disabled D.lessons E.speeches
Nick's life changed when his mum showed him a newspaper story about a（1） man.This man did great things and helped people.Nick realized that he was not the only person with problems."I decided to be（2） for what I have，" he said.Today Nick has a wonderful life.He is married and has a son.He enjoys football，golf and swimming.Nick travels around the world giving talks to help people.He gives humorous（3） and makes people laugh.These talks also have a serious message. "I tell people to always love themselves，" said Nick.This is one of the many（4） he learnt from his mother.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
六、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共14.0分）
30. Objects are powerful storytellers.They are collected and shown in museums to help visitors understand the（1）p ，make sense of the present，or get to know people and places that may be（2）n to them.
At the British Museum in England，100 objects were chosen to tell important stories about history and culture.One of the objects is the Rosetta Stone with some（3）a Egyptian written words on it.Another is a very different kind of object：a modern credit card.The credit card helps tell the story of how people think about（4）m and shopping in today's world.
An online project called"Moving People，Changing places，" uses objects owned by individual families to tell stories about how they came and started to live in England.An old suitcase covered with travel labels from around the world tells a story about how one member of a family moved from place to place（5）b finally settling in England.
Every person has objects that tell his or her own stories.A poster can tell a story about the band or TV show you love.An old photo album can tell many stories about your family history.A piece of jewelry or artwork which was（6）p down through the generations can tell about your family's values，history，and relationships.
Next time you're looking around your room or your house，take a moment to look（7）c at the objects that surround you.How do your objects help tell your story？
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
七、单词造句（本大题共1小题，共2.0分）
31. the science test，most quickly，finished，in our class，Jason. （连词成句）
八、单句语法填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
32. We are going to have dinner on the floor of the restaurant.（nine）
33. During the outing，all the students in Garden school enjoyed .（them）
34. In Mr Johnson's lessons，he often tells us some funny . （joke）
35. The target audience for this advertisement was teenagers. （main）
36. My friend Lily was very relaxed and before the final exam. （confidence）
37. The government plans to more jobs for young people this year. （creative）
38. A of ways can be used to solve the pollution problem in our city. (vary)
39. The woman hadn't read the letter，so she was of its contents. （aware）
九、句型转换（本大题共6小题，共12.0分）
40. Bob has already written an article about memory for his school newspaper. （改为一般疑问句）
Bob written an article about memory for his school newspaper ？
41. The insurance company paid Stella 100，000 dollars for her lost necklace. （对划线部分提问）
did the insurance company pay Stella for her lost necklace？
42. Andrew is reading a comic book in his study for the time being. （保持句意基本不变）
Andrew is reading a comic book in his study .
43. My classmate John broke the window when he was playing football. （改为被动语态）
The window by my classmate John when he was playing football.
44. How can I memorize these new English words？Could you tell me？ （两句合并为一句）
Could you tell me how memorize these new English words？
45. The policeman was so careful that he dealt with the case with much patience. （保持句意基本不变）
The policeman was to deal with the case with much patience.
十、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
46. Write at least 60 words about the topic"My suggestions for the new schoolmates"（请根据下面的提示，以"给新同学的建议"为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）
度过了几年的初中学习生活，你终将面临毕业，而马上又会有新的同学即将进入你上过的初中。请根据你的亲身体验写一封短信给这些新同学，给他们提一些学习生活方面的建议，如：学习方法、参与活动、业余生活、师生关系、课后作业等等。短信的开头2句已提供。
（注意：文中不得出现任何姓名、校名以及其它标志性的具体信息，否则不予评分。）
My suggestions for the new schoolmatesDear fellow schoolmates，
Welcome to our school.As I'm leaving here for a senior high school，I'd like to write a few lines of suggestions for you......
__________
Yours， xxx
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】句子中knowledge是不可数名词，句子中不需要加冠词，It's common knowledge 表示众所周知。
故选：D。
水在零摄氏度结冰是众所周知的。
熟悉冠词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
2.【答案】B
【解析】from从……；for为了；with带有，具有；of……的。根据"my little sister"可知，此处是"可以在家照顾我的小妹妹了"。短语care for"照顾"，是动词短语。
故选：B。
别担心，妈妈。我已经长大了，可以在家照顾我的小妹妹了。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
3.【答案】A
【解析】从Tom's pencil case 判断后面说的是我的铅笔盒，使用名词性物主代词mine。
故选：A。
汤姆的铅笔盒和我的铅笔盒是同一种颜色。它有时会让我们混淆。
熟悉名词性物主代词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
4.【答案】C
【解析】all全都，是三者后三者以上；either两者之一；neither两者都不；both两者都。根据You can choose to buy either the phone or the computer"你可以选择购买手机或电脑"可知，此处是他们两个不能都买。两个都使用both。
故选：C。
你可以选择买手机或电脑，但不能两者都买。
要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
5.【答案】B
【解析】for因为；and和，又；but但是；or否则。根据Please tell me the truth"请告诉我真相"可知，此处是祈使句+and+从句，此处用and连接。
故选：B。
请告诉我真相，我知道该给你什么建议。
熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
6.【答案】C
【解析】politely礼貌地；patiently有耐心地；friendly友好地；gently温柔地。根据I like to shop there"我喜欢在那里购物"可知，此处是"那家模型店的工作人员对顾客很友好"。
故选：C。
那家模型店的工作人员对顾客很友好。我喜欢在那里购物。
考查形容词词义的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
7.【答案】B
【解析】句意：足球比赛结束后，学生们躺在草地上。他们一定很累。should应该；must一定；can能，会；need需要。从The students are lying on the grass
after the football match.判断后面说的是他们一定累了，使用must。故选B。
8.【答案】C
【解析】反意疑问句的原则是：前肯后否、前否后肯。当陈述部分有hardly（几乎不）时，陈述部分要看作否定，所以附加部分要用肯定。根据句意，本句时态为一般过去时。
故选：C。
蒂娜对昨天学校运动会的事几乎一无所知。是吗？
掌握反意疑问句的用法是解答此题的关键。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句子中修饰动词使用副词形式，as…as之间使用原级fast。
故选：A。
5 G技术将使信息尽可能快速传播。
熟悉副词的用法，根据as…as…解答即可。
10.【答案】D
【解析】从since he joined the Elderly Club判断主句时态是现在完成时，构成have/has+动词的过去分词。
故选：D。
自从我祖父加入老年俱乐部以来，他收集了许多传统绘画。
熟悉现在完成时的用法，根据构成解答即可。
11.【答案】A
【解析】let sb.do sth.让某人做某事，用动词原形作宾语补足语。
故选：A。
小心！在考试期间，千万不要让这种愚蠢的事情再次发生。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合let sb.do sth.准确作答。
12.【答案】C
【解析】denied是deny的过去式，deny doing sth.否认做某事，所以填动名词。
故选：C。
该男子否认在书店偷了老妇人的钱包。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合deny doing sth.准确作答。
13.【答案】C
【解析】主语Our housing estate是动词decorate的承受者，根据时间状语at the end of next week 可知用一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是will +be+过去分词。
故选：C。
为了迎接新即将到来的新年，我们的住宅区将于下周末装修完毕。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态和语态准确作答。
14.【答案】D
【解析】在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，easy是形容词，it是形式主语；is 是系动词，动词不定式短语to memorize new words by using link method作真正主语。句型结构为：How +形容词+主语+谓语动词！
故选：D。
用联系法记生词是多么容易啊！
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合感叹句的构成准确作答。
15.【答案】B
【解析】根据题干中前后两句的意思可知：它们是否定的条件关系，选项A.Because（因为，表示原因），不符合要求；选项C.Until（直到...表时间）也不符合要求；选项D.Since（自从...表时间）不对；选项B.Unless（除非...表否定的条件）符合题干要求。
故选：B。
除非警方有新的证据证明这个年轻人有罪，否则他很快就会被释放。
掌握状语从句连接词不同用法和不同意思是做好本题的关键。
16~21.【答案】C、A、D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词词义辨析。句意：独自前往一个新的地方，你可能会感到紧张或兴奋，但这也是一个变得更加独立的机会。foolish愚蠢的；honest诚实的；nervous紧张的；disappointed失望的。根据travelling to a new place on your own，（独自前往一个新的地方，）可知，应该会感到紧张或者兴奋，故选C。
（2）考查形容词词义辨析。句意：规划一条路线，找出最简单、最安全的到达路线，会让你更有准备。easiest最容易的；happiest最高兴的；freshest最新鲜的；luckiest最幸运的。根据下文For example，if you're going to walk or cycle to your new school，think about the safest places to cross the road.If you're travelling by bus or train，find the nearest stop or station and work out how long the journey lakes.（例如，如果你打算步行或骑自行车去你的新学校，考虑一下最安全的过马路的地方。如果你乘坐公共汽车或火车旅行，找到最近的车站或车站，并计算出路程有多长。）可知，说的是找出最简单、最安全的到达路线，故选A。
（3）考查短语辨析。句意：这将帮助你安全、准时到达。in a hurry匆忙；as well也；so far目前为止；on time准时。根据上文文For example，if you're going to walk or cycle to your new school，think about the safest places to cross the road.If you're travelling by bus or train，find the nearest stop or station and work out how long the journey lakes.（例如，如果你打算步行或骑自行车去你的新学校，考虑一下最安全的过马路的地方。如果你乘坐公共汽车或火车旅行，找到最近的车站或车站，并计算出路程有多长。）可知，说的是安全、准时到达，故选D。
（4）考查短语辨析。句意：运动会唤醒你的身体，并在你的大脑中释放化学物质，使你更快乐，压力更小。plays with与…玩；wakes up醒来；depends on取决于；turns out结果。根据releases chemicals in your brain that can make you happier and less stressed.（在你的大脑中释放化学物质，可以让你更快乐，减轻压力。）可知，说的是运动可以唤醒身体，故选B。
（5）考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是一个与你在课堂上看不到的朋友见面的机会。surprise惊喜；method方法；chance机会；plot情节。根据上文If you live close enough，walking or cycling to school is a great way to start your day.（如果你住得足够近，步行或骑自行车上学是开始一天的好方法。）可知，说的是步行或骑车去学校是与你在课堂上看不到的朋友见面的机会，故选C。
（6）考查动词词义辨析。句意：《少年一周》上的一篇文章建议在学期开始前进行一次步行测试，以找到最佳路线。discover发现；delay延迟；imagine想象；limit限制。根据doing a walking test before the term starts（学期开始前做一次步行测试）可知，说的是找到最佳路线，故选A。
这篇短文主要讲述了去新学校的一些建议。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
22~26.【答案】C、D、D、A、B
【解析】（1）信息来源题。根据最后一段Download Entry Form（下载报名表）可知，本文可在网页上看到。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据●All you have to do is to tell us why you'd like to win a space trip in 25 words or less.（你所要做的就是用不超过25个单词告诉我们你为什么想赢得一次太空旅行。）可知，如果你想参加比赛，你应该在25个字以内说出原因。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据●On June 1，our robot judges will read all the entries（参赛作品），and the best five will win a free trip.（6月1日，我们的机器人评委将阅读所有参赛作品，前五名将赢得免费旅行。）可知，太空旅行国际的机器人评委将决定比赛的获胜者。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段In space，you'll float around inside the spacecraft.You'll enjoy delicious meals，and also be able to sleep if you're not too excited!（在太空中，你会漂浮在宇宙飞船里。你会享受到美味的饭菜，如果你不太兴奋的话，也可以睡觉!）可知，人们可以在太空中以吃饭和漂浮。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段You'll enjoy delicious meals，and also be able to sleep if you're not too excited!（你会享受到美味的饭菜，如果你不太兴奋的话，也可以睡觉!）可推知，在太空中太兴奋了可能会睡不着。故选B。
（6）推理判断题。根据第三段Back in the 2020s，space travel was just for the rich，but now it's for everyone!（在21世纪20年代，太空旅行只是富人的专利，但现在人人都可以!）可知，本文是为任何想进入太空的人写的。故选B。
本文主要介绍了一次太空征文比赛，获胜的前五名可以获得免费畅游太空的机会。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
27.【答案】【小题1】An interview.
【小题2】After graduating from college.
【小题3】Because he was amazed by the underwater scene there.
【小题4】He want to encourage the young people to care so much about wildlife and protect our environment.
【小题5】"All of that"refers to the things that Galante loves to travel and work with animals.
【小题6】Yes，I agree.
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一段Galante is a wildlife biologist studying animals that are nearly dying out.A reporter Daniels spoke with him about his job.Read part of their conversation below.（Galante是一位野生动物生物学家，研究濒临灭绝的动物。一位记者Daniels与他谈论了他的工作。）可知，这个材料是一个采访。故答案为：An interview.
（2）根据第三段But it wasn't really until after graduating from college with a biology degree that I was like，"Oh，okay，I'm actually a biologist now."（但直到大学毕业获得生物学学位后，我才想，"哦，好吧，我现在实际上是一名生物学家。"）可知，Galante大学毕业后成为生物学家的。故答案为：After graduating from college.
（3）根据第五段But my favorite place I've ever been is Palau （帕劳群岛）.I was amazed by the underwater scene there.（但我最喜欢的地方是帕劳群岛。那里的水下景色令我惊叹。）可知，帕劳群岛是Galante最喜欢的地方是因为他对那里的水下景象感到惊讶。故答案为：Because he was amazed by the underwater scene there.
（4）根据最后一段It's inspiring young people to care so much about wildlife.（这激励着年轻人多关心野生动物。）和And so that's what makes it all worth it：inspiring the next generation of young people to protect our environment.（这就是为什么一切都值得：激励下一代年轻人保护我们的环境。）可知，Galante想鼓励年轻人多关心野生动物，保护我们的环境。故答案为：He want to encourage the young people to care so much about wildlife and protect our environment.
（5）根据最后一段To tell you the truth，I love to travel and work with animals.But all of that can't be compared to the most exciting and rewarding moment when I get an email from somebody like you.（说实话，我喜欢与动物一起旅行和工作。但所有这些都不能与收到像你这样的人发来的电子邮件时最激动人心、最有回报的时刻相提并论。）可知，带下划线的单词"all of that"指的是Galante喜欢与动物一起旅行和工作的事情。故答案为："All of that"refers to the things that Galante loves to travel and work with animals.
（6）根据题干Do you agree that young generation is the most important in protecting our environment？Why？（你同意年轻一代在保护我们的环境中最重要吗？为什么？）可知，我同意年轻一代在保护我们的环境中最重要，因为我认为年轻一代在保护环境方面发挥着重要作用。故答案为：Yes，I agree.Because I think the young generation plays an important part in protecting our environment.
本文是一位记者Daniels与一位野生动物生物学家---Galante谈论他的工作的一段采访。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
28.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【解析】（1）考查短语。句意：尼克说："这对他们来说太困难了，但从一开始他们就尽最大努力让我独立。"根据空后to make me independent（使我独立）结合所给单词，可知，空处表示"尽最大努力"。故选E。
（2）考查副词。句意：幸运地，他妈妈很有耐心，没有生儿子的气。根据下文his mum was patient and did not get angry with her son.（他妈妈很有耐心，没有生儿子的气。）结合所给单词，可知空处表示"幸运地"。故选B。
（3）考查动词。句意：尼克的母亲为尼克去一所普通孩子的学校而努力奋斗。根据下文She invented something so Nick could hold a pen and pencil.（她发明了一种东西让尼克可以拿钢笔和铅笔）结合所给单词，可知空处表示"奋斗"。故选A。
（4）考查形容词。句意：他们对他不好，所以尼克在学校很不开心。根据空前They treated him badly （他们对他不好）结合所给单词，可知空处表示"不开心的"。故选C。
文章讲述了尼克出生时没有胳膊和腿，他的父母希望儿子能过上正常的生活。尼克学会了刷牙、接电话、使用电脑和打鼓。然后尼克上学了，尼克很聪明，喜欢学习，但有些孩子不友好。他们对他不好，所以尼克在学校很不开心。有一次他甚至决定把自己淹死在浴缸里。在最后一刻，他想到了他的父母，决定活下去。
根据上下文语境，结合所给单词确定空处单词意思。注意对文章整体大意的把握。
29.【答案】【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】E
【小题4】D
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：尼克的妈妈给他看了一篇关于一个残疾人的报纸报道后，他的生活改变了。根据下文Nick realized that he was not the only person with problems.（尼克意识到他不是唯一有问题的人。）可知，空处表示"残疾的"。故选C。
（2）考查形容词。我决定对我所拥有的一切心存感激。根据下文Today Nick has a wonderful life.He is married and has a son.He enjoys football，golf and swimming.（今天尼克有一个美好的生活。他结婚了，有一个儿子。他喜欢足球、高尔夫球和游泳。）可知，空处表示"充满感激的"。故选A。
（3）考查名词。句意：他的演讲很幽默，让人们开怀大笑。根据上文Nick travels around the world giving talks to help people.（尼克在世界各地巡回演讲，帮助人们。）可知，空处表示"演讲"。故选E。
（4）考查名词。句意：这是他从母亲那里学到的许多经验教训之一。根据上文"I tell people to always love themselves，" said Nick.（"我告诉人们要永远爱自己，"尼克说。）可知，空处表示"经验教训"。故选D。
文章讲了尼克的妈妈给他看了一篇关于一个残疾人的报纸，从此以后尼克对自己的生活充满感激。他在世界各地巡回演讲，帮助人们。
根据上下文语境，结合所给单词确定答案。要注意对文章的整体理解。
30.【答案】【小题1】ast
【小题2】ext
【小题3】ncient
【小题4】oney
【小题5】efore
【小题6】passed
【小题7】arefully
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：它们被收集和展示在博物馆里，以帮助游客了解过去，理解现在，或了解可能在他们旁边的人和地方。根据make sense of the present，（理解现在，）结合首字母p可知空处应填名词：过去，故填：past。
（2）考查形容词。句意：它们被收集和展示在博物馆里，以帮助游客了解过去，理解现在，或了解可能在他们旁边的人和地方。next to（在…旁边）固定搭配，故填：next。
（3）考查形容词。句意：其中一件物品是罗塞塔石碑，上面有一些古埃及文字。根据Egyptian written words （埃及文字）结合首字母a可知空处应填形容词：古老的。故填：ancient。
（4）考查名词。句意：信用卡有助于讲述当今世界人们如何看待金钱和购物的故事。根据The credit card （信用卡）结合首字母可知空处应填名词：钱。故填：money。
（5）考查介词。句意：一个挂满世界各地旅行标签的旧手提箱讲述了一个家庭成员如何从一个地方搬到另一个地方，最后定居在英国的故事。根据how one member of a family moved from place to place（一个家庭中的一个成员是如何从一个地方搬到另一个地方的）结合首字母可知空处应填：在...之前。故填：before。
（6）考查动词。句意：一件代代相传的珠宝或艺术品可以反映出你家庭的价值观、历史和关系。根据A piece of jewelry or artwork which was（一件珠宝或艺术品）根据句意及was，可知是被动语态。pass...down（把…传下来）。故填：passed。
（7）考查副词。句意：下次当你环顾你的房间或房子时，花点时间仔细看看你周围的物体。根据空前look动词，结合首字母c可知空处应填副词：仔细地。故填：carefully。
文章主要讲述了博物馆是保存和展出收藏品的地方。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
31.【答案】Jason finished the science test most quickly in our class.
【解析】首先结合提示词和标点符号明确所要组合的句子是一个肯定句，组合成的句子的句意是"在我们班杰森是完成科学测验最快的。"句子是一般过去时，主语Jason，谓语finished，宾语the science test，状语in our class。
故答案为：Jason finished the science test most quickly in our class.
在我们班杰森是完成科学测验最快的。
做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
32.【答案】ninth
【解析】句子中表示几楼使用序数词，nine的序数词是ninth。
故填：ninth。
我们打算在餐厅的九楼吃饭。
熟悉序数词的用法，根据构成规则解答即可。
33.【答案】themselves
【解析】句子中enjoy oneself表示玩的高兴，后面跟反身代词themselves。
故填：themselves。
郊游期间，花园学校的所有学生都玩得很开心。
熟悉反身代词的用法，根据固定搭配解答即可。
34.【答案】jokes
【解析】句子中some表示一些，后面跟复数形式jokes。
故填：jokes。
在约翰逊先生的课上，他经常给我们讲一些有趣的笑话。
熟悉可数名词及其单复数，根据构成规则解答即可。
35.【答案】mainly
【解析】句子中修饰动词使用副词形式mainly。
故填：mainly。
这则广告的目标受众主要是青少年。
熟悉副词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
36.【答案】confident
【解析】句子中was后面跟形容词形式confident作表语。
故填：confident。
我的朋友莉莉在期末考试前非常放松和自信。
熟悉形容词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
37.【答案】create
【解析】句子中plan to do sth表示计划做某事，后面跟动词原形create。
故填：create。
政府计划今年为年轻人创造更多就业机会。
熟悉动词的用法，根据to解答即可。
38.【答案】variety
【解析】句意：有很多方法可以用来解决我们城市的污染问题。此处是名词短语a variety of各种各样的。故填variety。
注意词组的积累。
39.【答案】unaware
【解析】句子中was后面跟形容词形式unaware作表语。
故填：unaware。
这位女士没有读过信，所以她不知道信的内容。
熟悉形容词的用法，根据语法解答即可。
40.【答案】Has
【解析】原句是现在完成时的肯定句，一般疑问句将has提到主语之前，把alreadly改为yet。
故填：Has；yet。
鲍勃已经为校报写了一篇关于记忆的文章。
考查一般疑问句。掌握一般疑问句的构成形式，结合原句做出正确答案。
41.【答案】How
【解析】根据题干，被划线部分的意思是"十万美元"。对价格的提问，用how much，句首字母大写。
故答案为：How；much。
-保险公司赔偿Stella十万美元为她丢失的项链。
-保险公司为Stella丢失的项链赔偿了多少钱？
对划线部分提问要分析划线部分在句子中的成分，即可找出恰当的特殊疑问词。疑问词后接一般疑问句，用疑问语序。
42.【答案】at
【解析】for the time being"目前"，相当于at present"目前"。
故答案为：at；present。
安德鲁目前正在书房里读一本漫画书。
同义句转换，要熟知短语的用法，写出答案。
43.【答案】was
【解析】原句是一般过去时，其被动语态的构成是was/were +过去分词，主语the window是第三人称单数，be动词用was，break的过去分词是broken。
故答案为：was；broken。
我的同学约翰踢足球时打碎了窗户。
窗户被我的同学约翰踢足球时打碎了。
解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态和语态准确作答。
44.【答案】I
【解析】句意：你能告诉我怎样才能记住这些新的英语单词吗？宾语从句必须是陈述语序，另外谓语动词应当是现在时态，因为主句中的"Could"是表示委婉的请求，是现在时态。
故填：I can。
你能告诉我怎样才能记住这些新的英语单词吗？
宾语从句必须是陈述语序"Could you do sth？"是表示委婉的请求，是现在时态。
45.【答案】careful
【解析】so+形容词+that+从句，表示"如此……以至于……"；可以转换成"形容词+enough to do sth."可知，此处是"做某事足够……"。was后加形容词，careful enough"足够小心"。
故答案为：careful；enough。
警察如此小心以至于他非常耐心地处理了这个案件。
这位警察足够小心，有耐心地处理了这个案件。
根据题意可知，此处是变成同义句，注意同义短语的用法。写出答案。
46.【答案】My suggestions for the new schoolmates Dear fellow schoolmates，
Welcome to our school.As I'm leaving here for a senior high school，I'd like to write a few lines of suggestions for you.First of all，you should listen carefully in class.You should review carefully after class. （学习方法）After class，you should finish your homework carefully.If you encounter problems，you should ask your teachers and classmates for help in time. 【高分句型一】（课后作业）After class，you should actively participate in after-school activities，such as playing basketball，running，etc. （参与活动、业余生活）You should get along well with teachers and classmates.When they are in trouble，you should help them in time.【高分句型二】（师生关系）
Yours， xxx
【解析】【高分句型一】
If you encounter problems，you should ask yourteachers and classmates for help in time.如果你遇到问题，你应该及时向老师和同学寻求帮助。条件状语从句。
【高分句型二】
When they are in trouble，you should help them in time.当他们有困难时，你应该及时帮助他们。时间状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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