2023年高考英语仿真模拟卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）

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2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）
（解析版）

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How would the man prefer to travel to the forest park?
A．By bus. B．By taxi. C．By train.
【答案】B
【原文】W: We can go by bus or by train. I believe those are our only choices to get to the forest park.
M: No, there is another way that’s even better. We can take a taxi, and it will get us there in half the time.
2．What did the customer complain about?
A．The woman’s service.
B．The size of the swimming pool.
C．The hotel’s location.
【答案】B
【原文】M: You look unhappy. What’s up, Jane?
W: An awful customer spent at least one hour complaining to me about the same thing! He said the swimming pool was too small!
M: Come on, Jane. We can meet all kinds of customers. Just be patient.
3．What does the man find difficult about Shakespeare’s plays?
A．The humor. B．The plots. C．The language.
【答案】C
【原文】M: So, you are learning about English literature. Do you like Shakespeare’s plays?
W: I do. The plots are good, and there is a lot of humor in them.
M: Yes, this is also what I like about his plays, although I always have trouble with the old English language.
4．What does the man like most about going back home?
A．Eating at home.
B．Sleeping in his own bed.
C．Seeing his children.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I enjoy holidays, and it’s always nice to get back home.
W: I know what you mean – you can eat your own food and sleep in your own bed. And we can see the kids, of course.
M: They’re what I miss the most.
5．Why isn’t the woman going to Cathy’s party?
A．She has to catch a plane.
B．She had a conflict with Cathy.
C．She is working extra hours.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Why aren’t you coming to Cathy’s party? Are you working late? I thought you and she were best friends.
W: We are. I just can’t be there because my flight to Spain leaves that evening. There is a time conflict between her party and my vacation.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What is Rosie going to do?
A．Go to college.
B．Live in Europe.
C．Travel and work.
7．Why is Rosie making such a decision?
A．To get new experiences.
B．To make more money.
C．To change jobs.
【答案】6．C 7．A
【详解】M: Nowadays more and more young people are deciding to take a year off before they start their college life. Rosie, what is your plan?
W: I’m going to travel around Europe.
M: Are you going to work there?
W: I hope so, or I have to come home again. I might try to get a job – you know – in a hotel or something like that.
M: Why do you want to do it?
W: Well, mainly because it will be a change. After all, I’ve been at school for 13 years. I just want to do something different. It will give me new experiences, and I’ll need to be more independent.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What day is it today?
A．Saturday. B．Friday. C．Thursday.
9．What does the woman think of Jack?
A．He is too optimistic.
B．He should work harder.
C．He is under too much pressure.
10．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In an office.
B．At a race track.
C．At a restaurant.
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．B
【原文】W: Did you press the stopwatch?
M: Of course I did. Look at Jack. He is so fast! I think he will have a real shot at winning the race on Saturday.
W: You are always more optimistic than I am. I thought the race was Sunday.
M: I’m sure it’s tomorrow. I just checked it on my phone. You don’t think he has what it takes to win?
W: I didn’t say that. I’m just worried that he is pushing himself too hard.
M: He knows his limits.
W: Maybe I’m worried that you are pushing him. He’s still a boy. Luckily, he has an excellent coach at school.
M: Look at that lap time! That’s his best yet. Don’t worry, we will take him to a nearby restaurant after the race.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Where does the conversation take place?
A．In a classroom.
B．In a TV studio.
C．In a speech hall.
12．How do Japanese prefer to travel around cities?
A．On foot. B．By car. C．By bike.
13．What is the sixth leisure activity in Japan according to the survey?
A．Listening to music.
B．Watching DVDs & videos.
C．Trips to museums and zoos.
【答案】11．B 12．B 13．A
【原文】W: And welcome once again to People Today. Now let’s move to Eye on the World program, with Mark Perkins. Mark?
M: Thanks, Anna. Yes, in tonight’s Eye on the World, we go to Japan. We did a survey of leisure activities in Japan. Here are the top 10. In first place is eating out. In second place comes ... wait for it ... driving. Yes, it appears Japanese people like nothing more than driving around cities and into the countryside. Next, in third place, is travel within Japan. Fourth is, can you guess, Anna?
W: I have no idea!
M: Karaoke, of course. Lots of people enjoy singing along with their favorite songs. Then comes watching DVDs and videos, followed by listening to music. But just look at what we have here in seventh place – trips to museums and zoos. Then way down in eighth place comes going to bars, and after that, gardening. And finally, we have playing the lottery. Who wouldn’t want to win lots of money? Back to you, Anna.
W: Thanks, Mark. Now let’s go to see...
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A．Mother and son.
B．Teacher and student.
C．Friends.
15．Where will the woman stay during her trip?
A．At a friend’s home.
B．At a hotel.
C．At a university dormitory.
16．Why is the woman coming to London next week?
A．To teach at a university there.
B．To dine with Craig.
C．To attend a conference.
【答案】14．A 15．B 16．C
【原文】W: Craig! Hello! How lovely to hear from you. How are you? How’s the new job going?
M: Work’s OK, I think. I’m just ... so ...
W: Tired? You sound tired?
M: Really, really tired. Everything is so new to me. I’m in the office until 8 every night.
W: Eight o’clock? Every night! That’s terrible. And when do you eat? Have you been eating well?
M: Yes, yes. I’ve been eating OK. How about you and Daddy?
W: Your dad has just returned from a business trip to the Netherlands, so he hasn’t been to work today. And I was going to ring you, actually. You see, I’m coming to London next Tuesday for a teacher’s conference at the university, and I’m staying at Harrison Hotel.
M: Next Tuesday? That’s great! I’ll try to leave work earlier that day, and I’ll meet you after the conference, and we’ll go out for a meal.
W: Lovely! I’m looking forward to it already.
M: Me too. See you next week. Bye for now.
W: Bye, Craig. Take care.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Why does the speaker suggest the passengers arrive early?
A．To get a better seat.
B．To get their boat tickets.
C．To have time for breakfast.
18．What does the speaker advise the passengers to bring?
A．A hat. B．A jacket. C．A packed lunch.
19．What are the passengers expected to do in Sausalito?
A．Do some shopping.
B．Visit the museum.
C．Watch a performance.
20．How long can the passengers stay at the Golden Gate Park?
A．One hour. B．Two hours. C．Two and a half hours.
【答案】17．A 18．B 19．A 20．B
【原文】
W: OK, so tomorrow we’ll be doing a tour of the city to see some of the most important sights in San Francisco. We need to be at the Ferry Building in time to catch the boat at 8 am. But I think we should aim to be there by 7:45, because the earlier you get on, the better seats you can get. It’s a 15-minute walk from the hotel. You won’t need to bring any money for food because a packed lunch is provided. It’s included in the boat fare, which is $30. It should be sunny tomorrow, but it can get windy on the boat, so a jacket is necessary. It takes about 25 minutes to get to Sausalito. We’ll spend about an hour in Sausalito where we’ll do some shopping. From Sausalito we’ll get a bus to the Golden Gate Park. Here, you’ll have a choice of activities. Firstly, the museum. The best thing here is the painting collection. Anyway, you’ll have about two hours to visit before we break for lunch. After lunch, you can go to the Japanese Tea Garden. This is the oldest Japanese garden in the United States. There, you’ll have the opportunity to experience the natural beauty and harmony of a Japanese-style garden.


第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are thousands of incredible trails (路线) that allow us to get up close to nature. Here are 4 of the best hiking trails in the world.
Lares and Royal Inca Trail, Peru
The Inca Trail to Macchu Picchu is unquestionably one of South America’s greatest one.
Lares and Royal Inca Trail, a guided three-day trip in the Lares region, follows an ancient Inca path through Andean forests, up the Huchayccasa pass and through the village of Huacahuasi, with the chance to catch sight of towering Mount Veronica.
Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica
Costa Rica’s rich biodiversity is best explored in the high cloud forests of Monteverde. The reserve has a series of well-marked paths ideal for those keen on an easy slow walk with the chance to see the area’s striking birds and plants up close without having to pack for a multi-day hike.
The Dingle Way, Ireland
Ireland’s Dingle Way trail can be completed in around eight days.
Starting in the town of Tralee, the clockwise path follows narrow roads, taking in the wide sweep of sand at Inch Strand, passing along the clifftops outside Dingle town and heading around the edge of Mount Brandon, the highest peak on the Dingle Peninsula.
Armenia and the Silk Road
Armenia’s beautiful natural landscapes are best explored on foot.
The 11-day Armenia and the Silk Road trip takes in some of its finest routes, connecting the UNESCO protected monasteries (修道院) of Sanahin and Haghpat, passing over limestone peaks and through green forests, with the opportunity to hike in the wild Geghama Mountains and climb to the top of Aragats, the country’s tallest mountain.
21．Where can people reach if he follows the route of the Inca Trail?
A．Macchu Picchu. B．Dingle town.
C．Inch Strand. D．Geghama Mountains.
22．What can people see in Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve?
A．Different clouds. B．Attractive wildlife.
C．A pine forest. D．Well-designed paths.
23．Which trip takes the longest time to complete?
A．Lares and Royal Inca Trail. B．Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve.
C．The Dingle Way. D．Armenia and the Silk Road.
【答案】21．A 22．B 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上最好的四条徒步旅行路线。
21．细节理解题。根据Lares and Royal Inca Trail, Peru部分“The Inca Trail to Macchu Picchu is unquestionably one of South America’s greatest one.(通往马丘比丘的印加古道无疑是南美洲最伟大的古道之一)”可知，沿着印加古道，人们可以到达马丘比丘。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica部分“The reserve has a series of well-marked paths ideal for those keen on an easy slow walk with the chance to see the area’s striking birds and plants up close without having to pack for a multi-day hike.(该保护区有一系列标记清晰的路径，非常适合那些喜欢轻松慢行的人，有机会近距离观赏该地区引人注目的鸟类和植物，而无需打包进行多日徒步旅行)”可知，在Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve，人们可以看到引人注目的野生动植物。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据Lares and Royal Inca Trail, Peru部分“a guided three-day trip in the Lares region,(在Lares地区进行的有导游带领的三天的旅程)”、Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica部分“The reserve has a series of well-marked paths ideal for those keen on an easy slow walk with the chance to see the area’s striking birds and plants up close without having to pack for a multi-day hike.(该保护区有一系列标记清晰的路径，非常适合那些喜欢轻松慢行的人，有机会近距离观赏该地区引人注目的鸟类和植物，而无需打包进行多日徒步旅行)”、The Dingle Way, Ireland部分“Ireland’s Dingle Way trail can be completed in around eight days.(Ireland’s Dingle Way步道可以在大约八天内完成)”以及Armenia and the Silk Road部分“The 11-day Armenia and the Silk Road trip takes in some of its finest routes,(为期11天的Armenia and the Silk Road旅程走了一些最好的路线)”可知，Armenia and the Silk Road这一路线花费的时间最长。故选D项。

B
Eleven years ago, Ms. Liivand moved to Miami, Florida, where she continued swimming in the ocean. In one training session, she nearly wound up swallowing (吞) some plastic that was floating in the sea.
That experience made her think of all the sea animals facing similar pollution every day. She decided she wanted to work to make people more aware of plastic pollution.
She began swimming with a special single swimming fin attached to both of her feet. This rubbery “monofin” (单鱼鳍) allows her to swim by kicking both of her legs together. “Swimming without using my arms is similar to how dolphins swim,” says Ms. Liivand. She believes that swimming with a monofin “sends a bigger message”.
Ms. Liivand first set the world record for swimming with a monofin in 2019 off the coast of California. In 2020, she broke the record again in Miami, Florida. A year later, she set a new Guinness World Record again in Florida. For the last year, Ms. Livand has been getting up at 4 every day, putting on her monofin, and going swimming. To help improve her strength, she sometimes even pulled other people in the water.
On May 7, Ms. Liivand broke the record once more, this time swimming the length of a full marathon. It took her 11 hours and 54 seconds to swim 26. 2 miles. The water was rough, and she ran into a few problems, but she didn’t stop. “I got hurt by jellyfish,” she said, “And kept telling myself that it was not the time to cry.”
To keep her energy up, a friend followed her in a kayak (皮艇) and gave her food and water from time to time. Along the way, Ms. Liivand picked up all the trash she found and put it in the kayak. By the end of her marathon, the kayak held three bags full of trash.
24．What inspired Ms. Liivand to swim with a monofin?
A．Her own experience. B．Her love for dolphins.
C．The increasing water pollution. D．The sight of painful sea animals.
25．Which word best describes Ms. Liivand?
A．Generous. B．Determined. C．Intelligent. D．Tolerant.
26．What can we infer about Ms. Liivand from the text?
A．She intended to be a top swimmer.
B．She committed herself to protecting the sea.
C．She got world recognition for sea protection.
D．She proved to be an absolute perfectionist.
27．What did Ms. Liivand do in the swim on May 7?
A．She got some treatment. B．She had a break in the kayak.
C．She pulled others in the water. D．She picked up rubbish in the sea.
【答案】24．A 25．B 26．B 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Ms. Liivand模仿海豚鱼鳍用单脚蹼游泳，从而引发人们关注海洋塑料垃圾的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“That experience made her think of all the sea animals facing similar pollution every day. (那次经历让她想起了每天都面临类似污染的所有海洋动物。)”可知，Ms. Liivand的灵感来自一次经历。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段“She believes that swimming with a monofin “sends a bigger message”. (她相信，用单鱼鳍游泳“传递了更大的信息”。)”和第五段“The water was rough, and she ran into a few problems, but she didn’t stop. (水很粗糙，她遇到了一些问题，但她没有停下来。)”可知，Ms. Liivand为了引起大家对于海洋塑料垃圾的关注，使用单鱼鳍游泳，并且在遇到困难时也不放弃，因此Ms. Liivand应该是性格坚定的人。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段“She decided she wanted to work to make people more aware of plastic pollution.”（她决定致力于提高人们对塑料污染的认识）根据第四段“Ms. Liivand first set the world record for swimming with a monofin in 2019 off the coast of California. In 2020, she broke the record again in Miami, Florida. A year later, she set a new Guinness World Record again in Florida. For the last year, Ms. Livand has been getting up at 4 every day, putting on her monofin, and going swimming. To help improve her strength, she sometimes even pulled other people in the water. (Liivand女士于2019年在加利福尼亚海岸首次创造了单鳍游泳的世界纪录。2020年，她在佛罗里达州迈阿密再次打破纪录。一年后，她在佛罗里达州再次创造了新的吉尼斯世界纪录。在过去的一年里，利凡德女士每天4点起床，穿上单鱼鳍，去游泳。为了提高自己的力量，她有时甚至把其他人拉下水。)”可知，Ms. Liivand为保护海洋做出了很大的努力。故选B项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ms. Liivand picked up all the trash she found and put it in the kayak. (Liivand女士把她发现的所有垃圾都捡起来，放在皮划艇上。)”可知，在5月7日游泳时，Liivand女士在海里捡垃圾。故选D项。

C
In order to kill time, many people have been trying to cope with the boredom by reading books, others have perfected their cooking skills and many others have tried their hands at craft projects, including tie dyeing (扎染).
Whether you think tie-dye is totally stylish or not your style, the unique print from the 1960s is back in a major way. It’s become a hot fashion trend.
“The last several years have seen the resurgence in craftsmanship and handmade goods, popularizing the hobbies in the 1960s (weaving, tie-dyeing), but in a modern way. People would connect with these handmade objects to feel connected to nature,” Stitch Fix color expert Ryen Anderson said to Today. Online searches for “how to crumple (压皱) tie-dye”, a popular technique, are u by 376 percent on Pinterest.
This homestyle creation can easily be made at home. The only things we need to prepare include fabric. light-colored clothes, dye, rubber, and water. In tie-dye, the fabric is colored by tying several parts of the fabric before dying to give certain color effects. While this seems relatively simple, it takes multiple steps and washes.
Some people make tie-dye adjust old-fabrics in an innovative way. Some others use tie-dye technique to create a new pattern as the color of their clothes fades. The typical current trend is that people use natural coloring for tie-dye and combine it with doodles (涂鸦) and natural printing ( eco-printing) by abstracting colors from the leaves.
The dyeing technique has deep roots from Africa. Many immigrants from various African countries brought their skills to the United States during the 1700s to 1800s. The popularity of tie-dye then was quite influential in the 1960s or commonly referred to as “flower power” generation. Tie-dye became a symbol in that times.
28．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To lead to the topic of the text.
B．To create a cultural atmosphere.
C．To show how leisure the life is.
D．To imply what people do to kill time.
29．What does the underlined word “resurgence” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．New research. B．Return and growth.
C．Modern exhibition. D．Birth and disappearance.
30．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A．The process of tie-dyeing.
B．The effects of fabric coloring.
C．The materials used for tie-dyeing.
D．The technique applied to tie-dyeing.
31．What is the typical trend of the present tie-dye?
A．Adjusting old clothes. B．Designing diverse patterns.
C．Recovering the faded colors. D．Obtaining colors from plants.
【答案】28．A 29．B 30．A 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了扎染艺术的再次流行。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“In order to kill time, many people have been trying to cope with the boredom by reading books, others have perfected their cooking skills and many others have tried their hands at craft projects, including tie dyeing (扎染).(为了打发时间，许多人试图通过读书来打发无聊，还有人完善自己的烹饪技巧，还有人尝试手工制作，包括扎染)”结合本文主要讲述扎染艺术重新流行起来，第一段由读书、烹饪写到手工制作，提到扎染，第二段开始具体讲述扎染。由此推知，第一段的目的是用来引出本文主题。故选A项。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线词resurgence所在句子的逗号后的部分“popularizing the hobbies in the 1960s (weaving, tie-dyeing), but in a modern way”说明了resurgence的含义：使六十年代的爱好流行起来，但是用现代的方法。由此可知，划线词resurgence意为“复兴”，所以B项“Return and growth”符合题意。故选B项。
30．主旨大意题。根据第四段“This homestyle creation can easily be made at home. The only things we need to prepare include fabric. light-colored clothes, dye, rubber, and water. In tie-dye, the fabric is colored by tying several parts of the fabric before dying to give certain color effects. While this seems relatively simple, it takes multiple steps and washes.(这种家居风格的创作可以在家里轻松完成。我们只需要准备布料。浅色衣服、染料、橡胶和水。扎染是在染色前将织物的几个部分进行扎染，以达到一定的色彩效果。虽然这看起来相对简单，但它需要多个步骤和清洗)”可知，本段的主要内容为扎染的过程。故选A项。
31．细节理解题。根据第五段的“The typical current trend is that people use natural coloring for tie-dye and combine it with doodles (涂鸦) and natural printing ( eco-printing) by abstracting colors from the leaves.(目前的典型趋势是，人们使用天然色素进行扎染，并将其与涂鸦和自然印刷（生态印刷）结合起来，从树叶中提取颜色)”可知，目前扎染的典型趋势为使用从植物中提取的色料。故选D项。

D
If you live in one of the 40 million American households with a gas stove, it could be leaking even when it’s turned off.
According to a new study from Stanford scientists, many stoves are constantly giving out gases that can warm the planet and pose serious health risks when breathed in. The research found methane missions from gas stoves across the United States are roughly equal to the carbon dioxide released by half a million gas-powered cars in a year.
To estimate the impact of these emissions, researchers measured three key gases from stoves in 53 homes across seven California counties. The team chose two gases — methane and carbon dioxide — because of their contribution to climate change, and selected nitrogen oxides because of their known risk to human health. The scientists set up plastic dividing walls between the kitchens and other rooms and used instruments that measure wavelengths of light to determine the concentration of certain gases.
The team estimated that stoves release between 0.8 and 1.3 percent of the natural gas they consume as unburned methane. To their surprise, they found that more than three-quarters of the methane emissions happened when both old and new gas stoves were turned off. “Over a 20-year time scale, the global warming potential of methane leaks is 86 times greater than carbon dioxide,” Stanford reports.
The most significant health risks happen when the stove is lit, the authors note, because the process creates nitrogen dioxide as a byproduct. Increasing airflow by using a range hood can help reduce the personal health risk of natural gas-burning appliances, but most individuals report rarely using their ventilation system.
In a small kitchen, it only took a few minutes of unventilated stove use to generate emissions levels above national health standards. According to a meta-analysis from 2013, children living in homes with gas stoves were 42 percent more likely to experience symptoms associated with asthma, and 24 percent more likely to be diagnosed with lifetime asthma.
In addition to health risks, natural gas burning stoves also endanger the planet by releasing methane. The results of the study have furled efforts by scientists and activists to encourage Americans to switch to all-electric stoves and appliances.
32．Which gas leaking from stoves warms the earth most?
A．Methane. B．Carbon dioxide.
C．Nitrogen oxide. D．Nitrogen dioxide.
33．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The measuring instruments. B．The American families.
C．The team members. D．The gas stoves.
34．When does a gas stove present the greatest health risks?
A．When it is old. B．When it is new.
C．When it is turned on. D．When it is turned off.
35．What would the researchers urge people to do?
A．Equip kitchens. B．Switch to clean fuels.
C．Use sustainable energy. D．Purchase electric stoves.
【答案】32．A 33．D 34．C 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现许多炉灶不断释放出的气体会使地球变暖，当被吸入时，会造成严重的健康风险。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及煤气炉的危害。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The research found methane missions from gas stoves across the United States are roughly equal to the carbon dioxide released by half a million gas-powered cars in a year.(研究发现，美国各地燃气灶释放的甲烷大约相当于50万辆汽油驱动汽车一年释放的二氧化碳)”以及第四段中““Over a 20-year time scale, the global warming potential of methane leaks is 86 times greater than carbon dioxide,” Stanford reports.(斯坦福大学报告说：“在20年的时间尺度上，甲烷泄漏的全球变暖潜力是二氧化碳的86倍。”)”可知，从炉子泄漏出来的甲烷对地球的温度影响最大。故选A。
33．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“stoves release between 0.8 and 1.3 percent of the natural gas”以及画线词后文“consume as unburned methane”可知，煤气炉将其消耗的天然气的0.8%至1.3%作为未燃烧的甲烷释放。故they指的是“煤气炉”，故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The most significant health risks happen when the stove is lit, the authors note, because the process creates nitrogen dioxide as a byproduct.(作者指出，最严重的健康风险发生在点燃炉子的时候，因为这个过程产生的副产品是二氧化氮)”可知，煤气炉打开时对健康的危害最大。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The results of the study have furled efforts by scientists and activists to encourage Americans to switch to all-electric stoves and appliances.(这项研究的结果促使科学家和活动人士努力鼓励美国人改用全电炉灶和电器)”可知，研究人员会敦促人们购买电炉。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Agriculture has come a long way from its ancient beginnings. Long ago, farmers would work hard on their individual plots of land, using simple tools or even their bare hands. They tended to their crops for many hours each day so that the crops grew well. ____36____ For example, a single storm could destroy a whole year’s work, while a summer of good weather could ensure a good harvest.
Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour involved in farming, along with the reliance on luck and guesswork. ____37____
Probably one of the most beneficial innovations is drip irrigation, which has made it possible to develop big, green farms in the middle of the desert. Simcha Blass, an Israeli scientist, discovered this new way of irrigation in the 1930s. Through this discovery, farmers can now produce crops on dry land without needing much water. ____38____ The limited and focused use of just the right amount of water also denies moisture (水分) to weeds, keeping them from harming the crops.
____39____ However, what if an area has plenty of water, but little usable soil? As it turns out, it is possible to grow plants without using soil at all. With hydroponics (水培), plant roots are supported by rocks or a fiber mat. Nutrient-rich water is then provided so that the plants can grow. Recent research has centered on vertical hydroponics farming. With a vertical farm, the crops are planted in containers that are piled into plant skyscrapers. ____40____
With such technological advances, the image of a farmer pushing a plough will eventually become a thing of the past.
A．Luck played a great part in farming.
B．Some areas would be too dry to grow crops.
C．Drip irrigation deals with a lack of water in an area.
D．There have been experiments to make drip irrigation a reality.
E．This irrigation method uses far less water than other methods.
F．Furthermore, nearly all hydroponic farms partially or fully automated.
G．Farmers have benefited greatly from innovations in crop production.
【答案】36．A 37．G 38．E 39．C 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学技术在农业中的应用，介绍了滴灌和水培农业及其优点。
36．上文“They tended to their crops for many hours each day so that the crops grew well.(他们每天花好几个小时照料庄稼，以便庄稼长得好。)”指出农民们为了庄稼长得好，每天要花好几个小时照料庄稼，下文“For example, a single storm could destroy a whole year’s work, while a summer of good weather could ensure a good harvest.(例如，一场暴风雨可以毁掉一整年的工作，而一个好天气的夏天可以保证丰收。)”以具体例子说明，突发天气状况会影响收成，由此可推知，空处应该是指出古代农业收成好坏也靠运气，A项“Luck played a great part in farming.(运气在农业中起了很大的作用。)”符合，故选A。
37．上文“Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour involved in farming, along with the reliance on luck and guesswork.(现代科学技术大大减少了农业劳动的负担，同时也减少了对运气和猜测的依赖。)”指出现代科技给农业带来的好处，空处也应该承接上文，继续描写现代科技给农业带来的好处，G项“Farmers have benefited greatly from innovations in crop production.(农民从农作物生产的创新中获益匪浅。)”符合，故选G。
38．上文“Through this discovery, farmers can now produce crops on dry land without needing much water.(通过这一发现，农民现在可以在旱地上种植作物，而不需要太多的水。)”指出滴灌的优点，农民不仅可以旱地上种植，而且不需要太多水，下文“The limited and focused use of just the right amount of water also denies moisture (水分) to weeds, keeping them from harming the crops.(有限而集中地使用恰到好处的水量也会使杂草失去水分，从而防止它们损害庄稼。)”指出滴灌使用有限而集中的水对农业的好处，由此可知，空处应承接上文，继续描写滴灌用水少这一优点，E项“This irrigation method uses far less water than other methods.(这种灌溉方法比其他方法用水少得多。)”符合，故选E。
39．由下文“However, what if an area has plenty of water, but little usable soil? As it turns out, it is possible to grow plants without using soil at all. With hydroponics (水培), plant roots are supported by rocks or a fiber mat. Nutrient-rich water is then provided so that the plants can grow(但是，如果一个地区有足够的水，但是可用的土壤很少呢？ 事实证明，不用土壤也能种植植物。通过水培，植物的根部由岩石或纤维垫支撑。然后提供营养丰富的水，这样植物就可以生长。)”的however可知，空处和下文是对比关系，且结合上段提到用水少的滴灌可知，空处应该是对上文进行总结，同时和下文进行对比，即用滴灌能解决缺水地区的农业问题和水培能解决水多地区的问题做对比，C项“Drip irrigation deals with a lack of water in an area.(滴灌解决了一个地区缺水的问题。)”符合，故选C。
40．上文“Recent research has centered on vertical hydroponics farming. With a vertical farm, the crops are planted in containers that are piled into plant skyscrapers. (最近的研究集中在垂直水培农业上。在垂直农场中，农作物被种植在集装箱中，集装箱堆成了摩天大楼。)”提出最近的研究都在垂直水培农业上，同时描述了垂直水培农作物的一些情况，空处应该继续描写垂直水培农作物的一些相关内容，F项“Furthermore, nearly all hydroponic farms partially or fully automated.(此外，几乎所有的水培农场都部分或全部自动化。)”符合语境，故选F。


第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peter loved his wife Marion, loved adventure, and loved his camper van (野营车)called Schoen. The pair made numerous unforgettable road trips in Schoen. But after Marion died, the ___41___ Schoen had fewer and fewer outings. With Schoen’s adventuring days seemingly over, Peter decided to put it up for ___42___
Elise and her husband, Domenic, had always dreamed of owning their own “happiness bus” and travelling in a camper van. One day, Elise ___43___ the sales information on Schoen and the couple instantly decided to take a look. Elise fell in love with Schoen___44___, but Peter asked for $39, 000, well outside their___45___.
Feeling extremely disappointed, the couple left. “We were___46___to have met Peter,” said Elise with a smile. “We shared with him our story and dream of owning a van like that.”
A few days later, Peter called to invite them back for a second look. ___47___the young couple came again, but without much___48___Peter said he had so far received two offers for Schoen, and both met his asking price. But they were from ___49___, which would likely mean the van’s___50___gathering dust in a garage or display. Peter asked how much the couple would be able to___51___. Domenic told him the most they could spend was around half of what he was ___52___ . Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would ___53___their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.
Now Schoen is on glorious adventures somewhere, helping Elise and Domenic create wonderful family ___54___.
“Peter is definitely a hero for us,” says Elise. “Finding Schoen and making that___55___ to Peter had totally changed our life. ”
41．A．neatly-decorated B．well-travelled
C．much-anticipated D．well-recognized
42．A．exchange B．rent C．donation D．sale
43．A．came across B．put up C．laid aside D．took off
44．A．long before B．for the moment C．at first sight D．at the interval
45．A．salary B．earnings C．schedule D．budget
46．A．grateful B．regretful C．skillful D．forgetful
47．A．Frightened B．Discouraged C．Satisfied D．Attracted
48．A．determination B．hesitation
C．intention D．expectation
49．A．traders B．collectors C．painters D．drivers
50．A．publicly B．hardly C．simply D．unbelievably
51．A．receive B．purchase C．present D．afford
52．A．asking B．planning C．imaging D．arguing
53．A．assess B．attach C．accept D．arrange
54．A．incidents B．memories C．affairs D．gatherings
55．A．story B．promise C．call D．memory
【答案】
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．D 49．B 50．C 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Peter决定卖掉承载着他和妻子美好回忆的野营车Schoen，虽然有两份收藏家的出价符合Peter的要求，但Peter不愿Schoen蒙尘或搁置，最终决定以低于一半的价钱将它卖给一对年轻的夫妇，要求是让他们承诺开着Schoen去冒险。这对夫妇很感动，并且也在实践着对Peter的承诺。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Marion去世后，游历甚广的Schoen外出的次数越来越少。A. neatly-decorated装饰整齐的；B. well-traveled游历甚广的；C. much-anticipated备受期待的；D. world-recognized举世闻名的。根据上文“The pair made numerous unforgettable road trips in Schoen.”可知，这对夫妇开着野营车Schoen有过多次旅行，所以Schoen是一台游历甚广的野营车。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Schoen的冒险生涯似乎结束了，彼得决定把它卖了。A. exchange交换；B. rent 出租；C. donation捐赠；D. sale出售。根据下文“One day, Elise ____3____  the sales information on Schoen”可知，随着出游次数的减少，Peter想出售Schoen。故选D项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，Elise偶然发现了Schoen的销售信息，这对夫妇立刻决定去看看。A. came across偶然发现；B. put up张贴；C. laid aside搁置；D. took off起飞。根据下文“the couple instantly decided to take a look”可知，Elise偶然发现了Schoen的销售信息，所以他们立刻决定去看看。故选A项。
44．考查介词短语辨析。句意：Elise对Schoen一见钟情，但彼得要了3.9万美元，远远超出了他们的预算。A. long before很久以前；B. for the moment此刻；C. at first sight第一眼，乍一看；D. at the interval在中间休息时。根据空前“fell in love”可知，此处表示“伊莉斯对Schoen一见钟情”。故选C。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Elise对Schoen一见钟情，但彼得要了3.9万美元，远远超出了他们的预算。A. salary薪水；B. earnings收入；C. schedule日程；D. budget预算。根据本句“but Peter asked for $39,000(但彼得要了3.9万美元)”可知，彼得要了3.9万美元，这对他们来说太贵了，超出了他们的预算。故选D项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们很高兴见到了彼得，”Elise笑着说。A. grateful感激的；B. regretful后悔的；C. skillful熟练的；D. forgetful健忘的。根据下文“Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would  ____13____  their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，虽然这对夫妇给出的价格比Peter要求的价格低很多，Peter仍然答应卖给他们，所以此处Elise觉得遇到Peter很感激。故选A项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻夫妇被吸引住了，又来了，但没有抱太大的期望。A. Frightened使害怕；B. Discouraged使泄气；C. Satisfied使满意；D. Attracted吸引。根据上文“A few days later, Peter called to invite them back for a second look.”及空后“the young couple came again”可知，这对夫妇受到Peter的邀请又来了。由此可知，他们是为能买到喜欢的车而被吸引去的。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻夫妇被吸引住了，又来了，但没有抱太大的期望。A. determination决心；B. hesitation犹豫；C. intention意图；D. expectation期望。根据“the young couple came again, but without much”中的but表示转折，表示他们虽然受邀去了，但是并没有抱太大希望。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它们来自收藏家，这可能意味着货车只是在车库或展览中积满灰尘。A. traders贸易商；B. collectors收藏家；C. painters画家；D. drivers司机。根据下文“gathering dust in a garage or display.”可知，货车在车库或展览中积满灰尘，说明是收藏家的报价。故选B项。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但它们来自收藏家，这可能意味着货车只是在车库或展览中积满灰尘。A. publicly公开地；B. hardly几乎不；C. simply仅仅；D. unbelievably难以置信地。根据语境可知，此处表示Peter认为，收藏家可能仅仅只会让收藏的货车在车库里或展览室里蒙尘，不会让它发挥实际的用途。故选C项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得问这对夫妇能付多少钱。A. receive收到；B. purchase购买；C. present展现；D. afford付得起。根据空前“asked how much the couple would be able to”可知，Peter应该是问这对夫妇能为这辆车负担得起多少钱。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Domenic告诉他，他们最多只能付他要求的一半价格左右。A. asking要求；B. planning计划；C. imaging反映；D. arguing争论。根据上文“but Peter asked for $39,000”和“Domenic told him the most they could Spend was around half of what he was”可知，这对夫妇只能付得起Peter要求的一半的价钱。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得忍住眼泪告诉他们，只要他们答应开着Schoen去冒险，他就会接受他们的出价。A. assess评估；B. attach附属；C. accept接受；D. arrange安排。根据空后“only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，只要这对夫妇答应开着Schoen去冒险，Peter就会接受他们的出价。故选C项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，Schoen正在某个地方进行光荣的冒险，帮助Elise和Domenic创造美好的家庭回忆。A. incidents事件；B. memories回忆；C. affairs事务；D. gatherings聚集。根据空前“create wonderful family”可知，创造的应该是美好的家庭回忆。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：找到Schoen并对Peter做出那个承诺完全改变了我们的生活。A. story故事；B. promise承诺；C. call电话；D. memory回忆。根据上文“Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would  ___13___ their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，这对夫妇只要给Peter承诺开着Schoen去冒险，他们就可以低价拥有Schoen，所以此处指他们给Peter做出的承诺改变了他们的生活。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is no doubt that the vaccine(疫苗) wars have already come to Europe. For months now, wealthy countries have been clearing the world’s shelves of coronavirus vaccines, ____56____ (leave) poorer nations with little hope of exiting the pandemic this year. But ____57____ fresh conflict has forced the rich to compete against the rich—Britain versus the European Union—in the fight for medicinal bottles, opening a new and fierce nationalist ____58____(compete) that could poison relations and set back previous collective efforts ____59____(end) the pandemic.
____60____ more than 13 percent of Britons have so far received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, only about 2.5 percent of EU residents have had a shot. The European Union, ____61____(annoy) by its slow progress on vaccinations, threatened to tighten rules on the shipment of Belgian-made shots to Britain. British law makers, in turn, have accused their Europe an counterparts ____62____ a blackmail campaign ____63____ could disappoint relations for a generation.
And poorer countries, already at the back of the line for vaccines, will probably face even ____64____ (long) waits if the intense argument among rich countries _____65_____ (drive) up prices for everyone else.
【答案】
56．leaving 57．a 58．competition 59．to end 60．While 61．annoyed 62．of 63．which/that 64．longer 65．drives
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲的疫苗战争。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：几个月来，富裕国家一直在清空全球货架上的冠状病毒疫苗，让较贫穷的国家在今年摆脱大流行的希望渺茫。句中用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填leaving。
57．考查冠词。句意：但一场新的冲突迫使富国与富国——英国与欧盟——在药瓶争夺战中展开竞争，开启了一场新的激烈的民族主义竞争，可能会破坏关系，并使之前为结束大流行而做出的集体努力受挫。名词conflict为可数名词，泛指，且形容词fresh发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
58．考查名词。句意：但一场新的冲突迫使富国与富国——英国与欧盟——在药瓶争夺战中展开竞争，开启了一场新的激烈的民族主义竞争，可能会破坏关系，并使之前为结束大流行而做出的集体努力受挫。形容词new and fierce后接名词形式作宾语，根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填competition。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：但一场新的冲突迫使富国与富国——英国与欧盟——在药瓶争夺战中展开竞争，开启了一场新的激烈的民族主义竞争，可能会破坏关系，并使之前为结束大流行而做出的集体努力受挫。名词efforts后接不定式作后置定语。故填to end。
60．考查连词。句意：虽然到目前为止，超过13%的英国人至少接种过一剂COVID-19疫苗，但只有2.5%的欧盟居民接种过疫苗。前后句为对比转折关系，所以用连词while，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填While。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：欧盟对比利时在疫苗方面的缓慢进展感到恼火，威胁要收紧对比利时生产的疫苗运往英国的规定。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。根据介词by和句意可知，The European Union和动词annoy为被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填annoyed。
62．考查介词。句意：反过来，英国立法者指责欧洲同行是一场勒索运动，可能会让一代人的关系失望。accuse sb. of sth.指责某人某事。故填of。
63．考查定语从句。句意：反过来，英国立法者指责欧洲同行是一场勒索运动，可能会让一代人的关系失望。句中先行词为campaign，指物，且定语从句中却少主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
64．考查形容词比较级。句意：如果富裕国家之间的激烈争论推高了其他国家的疫苗价格，已经排在疫苗队伍最后的贫穷国家可能会面临更长时间的等待。根据even和句意可知，用形容词的比较级形式。故填longer。
65．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如果富裕国家之间的激烈争论推高了其他国家的疫苗价格，已经排在疫苗队伍最后的贫穷国家可能会面临更长时间的等待。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。主语为the intense argument，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填drives。

第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66．假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校学生会邀请体育老师Mr. Zhou开展太极拳（Tai Chi）课。请给用英语写一则书面通知。内容包括：
1. 上课的时间、地点；
2. 太极拳的益处；
3. 欢迎同学们参加。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
NOTICE
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】One possible version:
NOTICE
In order to promote students’ physical and mental health, we invite Mr. Zhou, the P. E. teacher in our school, to give us Tai Chi class in the school gym every Wednesday afternoon, from 4:30 p. m. to 5:30 p. m.
As we know, Tai Chi is a series of martial arts movements performed in a gentle, slow and focused manner, accompanied by deep breathing. It emphasizes a mind-body connection, through which your concentration is enhanced and you become more focused on studies. Additionally, it can teach you discipline, offer you a sense of inner calm and perfect your social skills.
Everyone, welcome to join the class!
The Students’ Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一则书面通知，告知学生你校学生会邀请体育老师Mr. Zhou开展太极拳课一事，内容包括：1.上课的时间、地点；2.太极拳的益处；3.欢迎同学们参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
专注的：focused→concentrated
强调：emphasize→stress
此外：additionally→moreover
提供：offer→provide
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to promote students’ physical and mental health, we invite Mr. Zhou, the P. E. teacher in our school, to give us Tai Chi class in the school gym every Wednesday afternoon, from 4:30 p. m. to 5:30 p. m.
拓展句：In order to promote students’ physical and mental health, we invite Mr. Zhou, who is the P. E. teacher in our school, to give us Tai Chi class in the school gym every Wednesday afternoon, from 4:30 p. m. to 5:30 p. m.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we know, Tai Chi is a series of martial arts movements performed in a gentle, slow and focused manner, accompanied by deep breathing. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It emphasizes a mind-body connection, through which your concentration is enhanced and you become more focused on studies. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)

第二节(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
She was a large woman with a large purse that had everything in it. It had a long strap(带子), and she carried it slung(挂) across her shoulder, It was about eleven o’clock at night, and she was walking alone, when a boy ran up behind her and tried to grab her purse. The strap broke with the single hard pull the boy gave it from behind. But the boy’s weight and the weight of the purse combined caused him to lose his balance so the boy fell on his back. The large woman simply turned around and kicked him.
Then she picked the boy up by his shirt front, and said, “Pick up my purse. boy, and give it to me.” She bent down enough to permit him to bend and pick up her purse. “Now, aren’t you ashamed of yourself?”
“I’m very sorry, lady, I’m sorry,” whispered the boy, He looked as if he were fourteen or fifteen, weak, thin and willow-wild, in worn tennis shoes and blue jeans.
“Um-hum! Your face is dirty. I’ve got a great mind to wash your face for you. Don’t you get anybody home to tell you to wash your face?”
“No, madam.” said the being-dragged boy.
She dragged him up the street. When she got to her door, she dragged the boy inside, down a hall, and into a large kitchen-furnished room.
She asked. “What is your name?”
“Roger,” answered the boy.
“Then, Roger. you go to that sink and wash your face,” said the woman, whereupon she turned him loose at last Roger looked at the door-looked at the woman-looked at the door—and went to the sink. Having washed and dried his face but not knowing what else to do, the boy dried it again and then turned around, wondering what to do next.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
In another corner of the room, he found the woman was cooking.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When they were finished eating, she got up and took out her purse.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In another corner of the room, he found the woman was cooking. The aroma of the food made his stomach growl, but he didn’t dare to ask for any. He just stood there, watching her move around the kitchen with ease, as if she had done this a million times before. Roger couldn’t help but wonder why she was being so kind to him. Was it because she felt sorry for him, or was it because she wanted something in return? He couldn’t figure it out. After a while, the woman turned off the stove and served him a plate of steaming hot food.
When they were finished eating, she got up and took out her purse. Roger’s heart sank. He thought she was going to ask for something in return for her kindness. But to his surprise, she pulled out a ten-dollar bill and handed it to him. “Here,” she said, “take this and buy yourself some new shoes. Yours look like they’ve been through a lot.” Roger couldn’t believe it. He had never received so much kindness from a stranger before. With tearful eyes, the boy bowed to the door and skipped away.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了可怜的Roger生活贫困，于是他选择抢一位女士的钱包，但是却摔倒了。Roger本以为会被这位女士责骂，但是这位女士却给了Roger终身难忘的回忆。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在房间的另一个角落，他发现女人正在做饭。”以及第二段首句“当他们吃完饭后，她站起来拿出她的钱包。”可知，第一段可描写女士在做饭，并邀请Roger共同就餐。
②由第二段首句内容“当他们吃完饭后，她站起来拿出她的钱包。”可知，第二段可描写女士拿出钱包取出钱帮助Roger。
2.续写线索：Roger抢夺一位女士的钱包——Roger摔倒在地，被女士踢了一脚并被抓住衬衫前襟——Roger被女士带回家——女士要求Roger洗脸——Roger发现女士准备了丰盛的饭菜——Roger得到了女士善意的对待，心中满是感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①请求得到：ask for/beg for
②想知道：wonder/want to know
③想出：figure out/think out
情绪类
①表达歉意：sorry/apologetic
②惊讶：to his surprise/to his astonishment
【点睛】【高分句型1】He just stood there, watching her move around the kitchen with ease, as if she had done this a million times before.（运用了现在分词作状语，as if引导的状语从句以及虚拟语气）
【高分句型2】He thought she was going to ask for something in return for her kindness.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）