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【走近高考◆◆预热卷】
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试预热卷02
英 语
本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My kids sat on Gee’s living room floor and respectfully lifted Christmas decorations out of a cardboard box. They shouted with delight when they discovered a tiny toy cat. Finally, my son was __1__ about a tiny modern helicopter, just on the contrary, my daughter with a traditional Mickey Mouse.
Gee stood beside them, __2__ each treasure. She turned to me and continued to say she and Tom built their collections over time by buying one or two nice ones each year in the after-Christmas sales. Eventually, we left, with boxes in my arms and she was smiling. Her __3__ belongings, gathered over a lifetime, found a new home.
We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage. Jim and I worked full-time, and in the morning we __4__ our garbage cans on the roadside, which would have to wait the long, lonely 10 hours there until we returned to __5__ them. Every day we’d come home to find them neatly __6__ in their spot next to our garage. Finally we saw an old couple who lived with his 10-year-old grandson across from us pick them up.
Tom and Gee quietly picked up garbage cans and taught us what it __7__ to be a neighbor. They taught us that home doesn’t end at a boundary line. It __8__ to all these people. These people, the __9__ among them and the love that flows through them all explain what a home is.
This Christmas, we’ll make our tree attractive with Gee’s decorations. We’ll bring beautifully packaged Christmas presents to some neighbors like the couple. To others, we’ll ___10___ a wave and a “Merry Christmas.”
1．A．doubtful B．anxious C．pitiful D．crazy
2．A．designing B．getting C．explaining D．weighing
3．A．strange B．precious C．modern D．spare
4．A．laid B．emptied C．deserted D．stored
5．A．store up B．deal with C．make out D．care about
6．A．buried B．transformed C．placed D．developed
7．A．occurred B．meant C．reflected D．expected
8．A．turns B．adds C．agrees D．extends
9．A．control B．words C．connections D．comfort
10．A．stop B．create C．keep D．exchange
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章讲述了作者从邻居身上学到的道理。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我儿子痴迷于一架小型现代直升机，而我女儿则痴迷于传统的米老鼠。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. pitiful可怜的；D. crazy狂热的。根据上文“They shouted with delight when they discovered a tiny toy cat.(当他们发现一只小玩具猫时，他们高兴地叫了起来)”可知，孩子们对玩具都感到很兴奋，最后挑选了最喜欢的，be crazy about热衷于，迷上。故选D项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gee站在他们身边，讲解每一件珍宝。A. designing设计；B. getting得到；C. explaining解释；D. weighing称……的重量。根据下文“She turned to me and continued to say she and Tom built their collections over time by buying one or two nice ones each year in the after-Christmas sales.(她转向我，继续对我说，她和Tom通过每年圣诞节后的大减价购买一两件不错的衣服，逐渐积累了他们的收藏)”可知，Gee在解释每一件珍宝的来历。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她花了一辈子时间收集的珍贵物品找到了新家。A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. precious珍贵的；C. modern现代的；D. spare备用的，空闲的。由上文的“treasure”可知，这些物品对于她很宝贵。故选B项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jim和我都是全职工作者，早上我们把垃圾桶放在路边，它们得在那里等上漫长而孤独的10个小时，直到我们回来处理它们。A. laid放置；B. emptied清空；C. deserted遗弃，抛弃；D. stored储存。根据“which would have to wait the long, lonely 10 hours there”可知，此处指早上作者把垃圾桶搁置在路边。故选A项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jim和我都是全职工作者，早上我们把垃圾桶放在路边，它们得在那里等上漫长而孤独的10个小时，直到我们回来处理它们。A. store up储存，积聚；B. deal with处理；C. make out认出；D. care about关心。根据语境及空前“we returned”可知，此处指作者和丈夫下班回家时才能处理垃圾桶。故选B项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天回到家，我们都会发现它们整齐地放在车库旁边的位置上。A. buried埋葬，埋头于；B. transformed转化；C. placed放；D. developed发展。结合空后“in their spot”可知，此处指垃圾桶被整齐地放在车库旁边。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tom和Gee静静地捡起垃圾桶，教会了我们邻居意味着什么。A. occurred发生；B. meant意味着；C. reflected反映；D. expected期待。由上文“Finally we saw an old couple who lived with his 10-year-old grandson across from us pick them up.(最后，我们看到住在我们对面的一对老夫妇和10岁的孙子捡起垃圾桶)”可知，Tom和Gee默默无闻地为作者捡起垃圾桶，教会作者作为一个邻居意味着什么。故选B项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它延伸到所有这些人。A. turns翻转；B. adds增加；C. agrees同意；D. extends延伸，扩大。根据上文“They taught us that home doesn’t end at a boundary line.(他们教会我们家没有界限)”可知，因为没有界限，所以会延伸到所有这些人。故选D项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人，他们之间的联系，他们身上流淌的爱，都解释了什么是家。A. control控制；B. words单词，（某人说的）话； C. connections关系，联系；D. comfort安慰。根据“explain what a home is”可知，人与人之间的情感纽带解释了什么是家。故选C项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对其他人，我们会互相挥手并说“圣诞快乐”。A. stop停止；B. create创造；C. keep保持；D. exchange交换，交谈。根据上文“We’ll bring beautifully packaged Christmas presents to some neighbors like the couple.(我们会把包装精美的圣诞礼物送给邻居，比如这对夫妇)”可知，此处指带给友好的邻居精美的礼物，对于其他人，会互相挥手，并说“圣诞快乐”。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Until I joined her class, I hadn’t believed in my ability as a writer. She ___11___ (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognised ___12___ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me, I’ve carved out a ___13___ (success) profession as a journalist.
【答案】11．persuaded 12．my 13．successful
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mrs. Bailey对作者的影响。
11．考察时态。句意：她说服我加入诗社，点燃了我对文学的热情。结合上下文的时态和本句句意，这里表示的是过去发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。故填persuaded。
12．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她发现了我的潜力，并向我展示了我可以充满创造力和热情地写作。potential在句中作动词recognize的宾语，是名词，前面的代词应该用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填my。
13．考查形容词。句意：因为她激发了我的信心，我在记者行业闯出了一番天地。profession意为“职业”，是名词，需要形容词来修饰。故填successful。
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The tiger shark ___14___ (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live ___15___ waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter (遭遇) are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can ___16___ (easy) hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly ____17____ (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.
【答案】14．is considered/has been considered 15．in 16．easily 17．designed
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么虎鲨如此危险。
14．考查动词时态和语态。句意：虎鲨被认为是世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一。这是一个客观事实可以用一般现在时，或者这是到目前为止一种认知，所以也可以用现在完成时。主语是the tiger shark，是单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。而且虎鲨跟认为之间是被动关系，所以也要用被动语态。故填is considered/has been considered。
15．考查介词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。虎鲨生活在水里，要用介词in。故填in。
16．考查副词。句意：第二，虎鲨是如此的强壮和有攻击性，它们可以轻易地攻击一个人。hit是动词，修饰动词要用副词，故填easily。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。分析句子结构可知，这里“设计来切割食物”是在句中作teeth的定语，design跟teeth之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填designed。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In Beijing, hutongs are alleys(小巷) formed by lines of traditional siheyuan. Many neighborhoods were formed by joining one siheyuan to another to form a hutong and then joining one hutong to another. In the dynasty ____18____ (time), the large siheyuan of high-ranking officials and wealthy merchants often featured ____19____(beautiful) carved and painted roof beams and pillars and carefully landscaped gardens. The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by spacious homes and walled gardens. In contrast to the court life and elite culture ____20____(represent) by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. The hutongs are residential neighborhoods which still form the heart of Old Beijing.
【答案】18．times 19．beautifully 20．represented
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京胡同的形成及其特点。
18．考查名词。句意：在王朝时代，高级官员和富商的大型四合院经常以雕刻和绘画精美的梁柱和精心美化的园林为特色。根据空格前面的名词dynasty和句意可知，此处表达的是在王朝时代，而time一词用来表示时代、年代时要用复数。故填times。
19．考查副词。句意：在王朝时代，高级官员和富商的大型四合院经常以雕刻和绘画精美的梁柱和精心美化的园林为特色。根据空格后面的过去分词carved和所给的形容词beautiful可知，空格处应填入beautiful的副词形式来修饰后面的过去分词。故填beautifully。
20．考查过去分词。句意：与以故宫、颐和园、天坛为代表的宫廷生活和精英文化相比，胡同体现的是草根北京人的文化。分析句子可知，空格后的部分应该是作定语修饰前面的名词短语 the court life and elite culture, 再根据所给的词represent是及物动词和后面的by可知，represent一词和它所修饰的名词短语是被动关系，所以要用过去分词作定语。故填represented。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay-it-forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay-forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances, you can also place a large quantity of request.
Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!
PLACE SMILE CARD ORDER NOW
ABOUT US
KindSpring is a place to practice small acts of "kindness. For over a decade the KindSpring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-commercial. It is a shared labor of love.
21．When can you use a smile card?
A．Your friend's birthday is approaching.
B．Your classmate has won the first prize.
C．You've ordered lunch for a poor friend.
D．You find your classmate in low spirits.
22．To order smile cards, you have to____________.
A．pay for them in advance
B．place a big quantity of request
C．mail some necessary information
D．tell what favor you will do for others
23．The purpose of using smile cards is to encourage people to________________.
A．spread kindness
B．become volunteers
C．advertise for K indSpring
D．pay others' kindness back
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一张名为笑脸卡的卡片，并讲述了如何申请笑脸卡、笑脸卡使用的注意事项和背后的负责团队。
21．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind(当你使用微笑卡片时，请记住不要单独分发。这个想法是为别人做些好事，然后把微笑卡留下)”可知，当做了一件善意的事情之后，可以留下一张微笑卡片。C项“You’ve ordered lunch for a poor friend.”（你给一个穷朋友点了午餐。）是做了一件善意的事情，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据表格部分下的小字“Please tell us what inspired you to order Smile Cards, and give us an example of a kind act you’d like to do using them(请告诉我们是什么激发了你订购微笑卡片，并给我们一个你想用它们做的善良行为的例子)”可知，在申请这张卡片时需要填写一些信息让负责团队对申请者申请卡片的意图和申请者意向为人们做哪些事情有所了解，可知，要订购微笑卡片，你必须告诉别人你会为别人做什么。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!(这样他们就会知道有人向他们伸出了援助之手，他们也会被邀请将这种善意传递下去，让涟漪继续传播下去)”可知，给予卡片者在给卡片前会为被给予者做一件小事，以此传递这张卡片让善意被传递下去。故选A。
B
For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis(危机)in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate (房地产)firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth’s pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn’t work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes, she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says, “When I am on the road, I’m just in my own world. I’ve always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals.”
24．Why did Merebeth changed her job?
A．She wanted to work near her home.
B．She was tired of working in the office.
C．Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D．Her former employer was out of business.
25．The word “wanderlust” in paragraph 2 means a desire to _________?
A．make money. B．try various jobs.
C．be close to nature. D．travel to different places.
26．What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job?
A．She has chances to see rare animals.
B．She works hard throughout the year.
C．She relies on herself the whole time.
D．She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】24．D 25．D 26．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了10年的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。 公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。 她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线词的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界里。 我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。
C
There’s a new AI bot in town: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that’s useful. For example, you can ask it encyclopedia questions like, “Explain Newton’s laws of motion.” You can tell it, “Write me a poem,” and when it does, say, “Now make it more exciting.” You ask it to write a computer program that’ll show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.
ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there’s good training data for it to learn from. It’s not all-knowing or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than a million people were trying out ChatGPT. And it’s becoming big business. In January, Microsoft pledged to invest billions of dollars into OpenAI, saying it’ll build features into cloud services. OpenAI announced a $20 per month ChatGPT Plus service that responds faster and gets new features sooner.
It’s an AT that’s trained to recognize patterns in vast series of text harvested from the internet, then further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, better dialog. The answers you get may sound reasonable and even authoritative, but they might well be entirely wrong, as OpenAI warns. Sometimes, helpfully, it’ll specifically warn you of its own shortcomings. For example, when I asked it who wrote the phrase “the squirming facts exceed the squamous mind,” ChatGPT replied, “I’m sorry, but I am not able to browse the internet or access any external information beyond what I was trained on.” (The phrase is from Wallace Stevens’ 1942 poem Connoisseur of Chaos.)
The fact that it offers an answer at all, though, is a notable development in computing. Computers are famously literal, refusing to work unless you follow exact syntax and interface requirements. Large language models are revealing a more human-friendly style of interaction, not to mention an ability to generate answers that are somewhere between copying and creativity.
27．Which of the following can be a subtitle for the first paragraph?
A．What is ChatGPT?
B．What are the limits of ChatGPT?
C．What kind of questions can you ask?
D．Why is ChatGPT blowing everyone’s mind?
28．What made ChatGPT a big deal?
A．More than a million users.
B．Investment of billions of dollors.
C．Its ability to generate creative answers.
D．The bright future promised by Microsoft.
29．We can infer the purpose of example in Paragraph Three is to________.
A．Draw people’s attention to OpenAI
B．Reveal the weakness of ChatGPT
C．Explain work pattern of the system
D．Show the methods of training ChatGPT
30．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards ChatGPT?
A．Opposed. B．Critical. C．Supportive. D．Objective.
【答案】27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能机器人ChatGPT的相关信息。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There’s a new AI bot in town: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that’s useful.( 有一个新的人工智能机器人在城里:ChatGPT，你最好关注一下，即使你不喜欢人工智能。ChatGPT是OpenAI在11月发布的一款AI聊天机器人系统，旨在展示和测试一个非常强大的AI系统可以完成的任务。你可以问它无数的问题，通常会得到一个有用的答案)”可知，什么是ChatGPT可以作为第一段的副标题。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there’s good training data for it to learn from. It’s not all-knowing or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative.( ChatGPT是一个重要的事物。这个工具在有好的训练数据供它学习的领域似乎很有知识。它还不是无所不知或聪明到足以取代所有人类，但它可以很有创造力，它的答案听起来完全是权威的)”可知，ChatGPT生成创造性答案的能力使它成为一个重要的事物。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Sometimes, helpfully, it’ll specifically warn you of its own shortcomings. For example, when I asked it who wrote the phrase “the squirming facts exceed the squamous mind,” ChatGPT replied, “I’m sorry, but I am not able to browse the internet or access any external information beyond what I was trained on.”(The phrase is from Wallace Stevens’ 1942 poem Connoisseur of Chaos.)( 有时，它会特别提醒你它自己的缺点。例如，当我问它是谁写了“扭曲的事实超过了鳞状的头脑”这句话时，ChatGPT回答说:“很抱歉，我不能浏览互联网，也不能访问任何超出我所接受培训的外部信息。(这句话出自华莱士·史蒂文斯1942年的诗《混沌鉴赏家》。))”可知，第三段的例子是为了揭示ChatGPT的弱点。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The fact that it offers an answer at all, though, is a notable development in computing. (事实上，它提供了一个答案，这是计算领域的一个显著发展。)”可推知，作者对ChatGPT持支持的态度。故选C。
D
The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.
Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organism’s life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring (后代). For the Geneticists, they believe that our lives are entirely determined by genetics, which is nature. An opposing view is that there is no indication that genes (基因) determines one’s personality, rather there is growing evidence that nurture serves as the determining factor in personality development.
Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, education, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.
The argument of nature and nurture as to which is more important is necessitated by an attempt to differentiate how much effect genetics has on a person’s development against how easily humans are influenced by one’s environment.
While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of one’s personality, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance. Even without nurture, the nature impact can still stand independently without necessarily causing destruction. More so, even when the nurture impact is successfully effected, it does not remove the genetic characteristics of a person. It therefore stands correctly that nature is that which determines the substance of a person.
31．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Nature’s role is supported by additional evidence.
B．Personality development is determined by nurture.
C．Nature impacts gene expression in later generation.
D．Environment shapes personality more than genetics.
32．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．What nurture means to human beings.
B．How living things develop after birth.
C．How nurture shapes human development.
D．How surroundings influence human beings.
33．How does the author stress the greater importance of nature?
A．By giving examples.
B．By making contrast.
C．By conducting experiments.
D．By citing research data.
34．What is the best title for the text?
A．A Long Story of Nature and Nurture
B．A New Research on Nature and Nurture
C．Who Can Tell What Makes Who We Are?
D．Which Is More Important, Nature or Nurture?
【答案】31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。文章论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organism’s life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring (后代). (在有机体的一生中，先天为有机体提供了与滋养、环境相互作用的起点。先天不仅会影响一个生物体的一生，还会直接影响其后代的基因表达)”可知，先天影响后代的基因表达。故选C。
32．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, education, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.(后天指的是生物出生后生长发育的条件。当应用于人类时，它指的是一个人是如何成长的，包括营养、教育、照顾，以及环境的类型，如文化影响、家庭和朋友)”可知，第三段主要讨论了后天对人类意味着什么。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of one’s personality, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance.(不可否认，后天培养在一个人的个性成长和发展中起着一定的作用，但先天的作用远远超过后天培养，因为先天可以被比作基础。后天对人的发展的影响是不能完全否认的。然而，先天被认为是最重要的，因为它提供了一个机会，创造了一个基础，为后天问题的出现提供了基础)”可推知，作者通过对比强调了先天的重要性。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.(先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。争论的核心问题是，究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们)”及下文论述可知，文章主要论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。由此可知，Which Is More Important, Nature or Nurture?(先天和后天，哪个更重要？)适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Productive people have one thing in common: a solid routine consisting of small habits that help them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle. ____35____. Research has shown that a habit takes approximately 21 days to become normal behavior. So here are some habits you can start to practice to become a productive person.
Establish a morning routine
The most effective way of staying productive is to wake up at the same time every day, even on the weekends.____36____. By performing small, routine tasks like opening your windows as soon as you wake up, your body and mind will know that it’s time to begin your day’s work. You should also take a couple of minutes to stretch before getting ready, and then make your bed. These may seem like unimportant tasks, but they set the tone for remaining productive throughout the day.
Make daily to-do lists
____37____. Some people prefer to make their to-do lists first thing in the morning, while others like to do them each night to prepare for the day ahead. Either way, it will help you to keep on track and to manage your time and workload efficiently.
____38____
Writing down and organizing your thoughts can help you to track and achieve goals. You should even write down your accomplishments in your diary, no matter how small, to help motivate you to keep going. You can also track the progress of your bigger goals and make notes of the smaller tasks you can accomplish to achieve them.____39____.
A．Keep a journal
B．Having enough sleeping is important
C．Motivate someone else to make notes
D．This helps your body maintain its biorhythm
E．Making a list of priorities for the day helps you to stay on track
F．For many of them, it doesn’t take long to integrate into their routine
G．The process of recording will help you to reflect and boost brain function
【答案】35．F 36．D 37．E 38．A 39．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是如何训练自己的一些小习惯，让自己也成为一个富有成效的人。
35．根据空前的“Productive people have one thing in common: a solid routine consisting of small habits that help them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle.(富有成效的人有一个共同点：由小习惯组成的坚实的日常常规，帮助他们保持健康的心态和生活方式)”可知，富有成效的人都是一些小习惯组成的坚实的日常常规，根据空后的“Research has shown that a habit takes approximately 21 days to become normal behavior.(研究表明，一个习惯大约需要 21 天才能成为正常行为)”可知，形成一个正常的行为需要21天，由此可推断，此空处讲述的是要成为一个富有成效的人需要花费的时间，F选项“For many of them, it doesn’t take long to integrate into their routine(对于他们中的许多人来说，融入他们的日常生活并不需要很长时间)”可知，形成这一套惯例不需要很久，承接空前与空后的内容，符合题意。故选F项。
36．根据空前的“The most effective way of staying productive is to wake up at the same time every day, even on the weekends.(保持工作效率的最有效方法是每天在同一时间醒来，即使在周末也是如此)”可知，每天在同一时间起床是最好的方法，D选项“This helps your body maintain its biorhythm(这有助于您的身体保持其生物节律)”中的保持身体的生物节奏与每天同时间起床的结果，符合逻辑，内容相吻合。故选D项。
37．根据该段的小标题“Make daily to-do lists(制作每日待办事项清单)”可知，本段主要讲述的与列一个日常待办清单相关，E选项“Making a list of priorities for the day helps you to stay on track(列出当天的优先事项可帮助您保持正轨)”讲述的内容是列日常待办清单的好处，与本段主题内容相符。故选E项。
38．分析语篇可知，此空为本段的小标题，所以与其它段落的小标题句式相同，均为祈使句，根据该段首句“Writing down and organizing your thoughts can help you to track and achieve goals.(写下和组织你的想法可以帮助你跟踪和实现目标)”可知，记录自己的想法有助于跟踪和实现自己的目标，所以本段的主题与“记录内容”相关，A选项“Keep a journal(记日记)”为祈使句，同时讲述的内容与本段主题一致。故选A项。
39．根据空格所处的位置在段尾，应是对该段内容的总结，且根据第四题可知，本段讲述的内容与记录相关，所以该空内容仍与此相关，G选项“The process of recording will help you to reflect and boost brain function(记录过程将帮助您反映和增强大脑功能)”讲述的是记录的过程给大脑带来的好处，与本段内容吻合，且最该段的内容做出总结，符合题意。故选G项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Everyone needs it, but no one wants to ask for it. “Help” has become a sort of dirty word, implying weakness and neediness, that we can’t handle our problems on our own. However, whether it be for your physical, mental or academic health, getting words of advice or encouragement from an outside source can make all the difference.
During a time of such uncertainty, the frequency of people requesting help for anxiety and depression has increased. The current situation has made people realize they can’t be alone with their thoughts, and that asking for help from professionals is the best way to get their problems off their chests and their minds on the road to wellness.
Still, requesting help carries a societal weight. The British Psychology Society found that two types of stigmas (羞耻、耻辱) exist: public stigma and self stigma. A “public stigma” is external, a collection of beliefs from around us, which holds a heavy weight on our ideas on seeking help. A “self stigma” is internal, assigning ourselves labels based on our state of mental health, claiming we are worthless and undeserving of help. “Public” and “self” stigmas go hand in hand, and when we hear the stigmas being voiced by those around us, we tend to apply them to ourselves because of social influences, especially those concerning mental health.
To be our better selves, we have to break the stigma around “help” and accept the fact that some problems are too tough to overcome on our own. If we fail to break the stigma around the word “help”, we ignore the increasingly more relevant necessity of getting ourselves assistance in times of need. Despite what society may tell us, it’s not odd or wrong to get help — it’s probably one of the most insightful and courageous things we can do for ourselves.
Each one of us should be able to openly admit that we need help, whether it be for problems we face with school or for internalized struggles with mental health. Sometimes we need support, and that isn’t bad — it’s healthy, and remarkably brave.
40．According to the passage, why is “help” considered a “dirty word”?
41．What is explained in paragraph 3?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
● Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help.
43．What do you think are some other benefits of asking for help? (In about 40 words)
【答案】40．Because some people think if they ask for help, it means they are too weak to handle their own problems by themselves. 41．The second paragraph is mainly about the social influence contributing to the “help” becoming a dirty word and introduced two types of stigmas : public stigma and self stigma. 42．Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help. The underlined part is wrong because breaking the stigma around “help” can improve ourselves. 43．It is likely that if you can ask somebody for help, you can make a good friend because that makes the other feel they are needed and trusted, and also you can learn a lot during the process.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了现在“帮助”一词竟然被污名化，意味着软弱无能。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段““Help” has become a sort of dirty word, implying weakness and neediness, that we can’t handle our problems on our own.(“帮助”已经变成了一个肮脏的词，暗示着软弱和需要，我们不能自己处理我们的问题)”可知，“help”被污名化，是因为人们认为自己需要别人帮助就意味着自己弱势，不能把自己的问题处理好。故答案为Because some people think if they ask for help, it means they are too weak to handle their own problems by themselves.
41．考查段落大意。根据第三段“Still, requesting help carries a societal weight. The British Psychology Society found that two types of stigmas (羞耻、耻辱) exist: public stigma and self stigma...(尽管如此，寻求帮助还是有社会影响的。英国心理学会发现存在两种类型的污名:公众污名和自我污名……)”及后面对两种情况详细展开的介绍可知，本段主要讲述了心理学家发现两种类型的求助耻辱心理：公众污名和自我污名。 故答案为The second paragraph is mainly about the social influence contributing to the “help” becoming a dirty word and introduced two types of stigmas : public stigma and self stigma.
42．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“To be our better selves, we have to break the stigma around “help” and accept the fact that some problems are too tough to overcome on our own.( 要成为更好的自己，我们必须打破围绕“帮助”的污名，并接受这样一个事实：有些问题很难靠我们自己克服)”可知，作者认为打破这个求助的耻辱感，才可以接受事实，适当求助，完善提升自我，所以说“Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help.”意为：打破“帮助”的污名会增加我们寻求帮助的需求，就会更多地去求助别人，这个说法是错误的。应改为Breaking the stigma around “help” can improve ourselves. 故答案为Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help. The underlined part is wrong because breaking the stigma around “help” can improve ourselves.
43．开放题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。遇到困难自己解决不了，向人求助有很多好处。例如，真心求助会使对方感到被需要，被信任而真心帮助，甚至会成为好朋友，求助者也会向对方学到很多知识。参考答案为It is likely that if you can ask somebody for help, you can make a good friend because that makes the other feel they are needed and trusted, and also you can learn a lot during the process.
第二节（20分）
假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰朋友Mike来邮件向你了解中国的劳动课程进校园的情况，请你回复邮件。内容包括：
1.劳动课程的意义；
2.劳动课程的学习内容。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头语已为你写好。
参考词汇：教育部The Ministry of Education
Dear Mike,
I’m happy to share some information about labor education in China.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m happy to share some information about labor education in China.
Currently, great importance has been increasingly attached to labor education. The labor courses have been set up recently, aiming to raise the students’ awareness of labor-loving. The courses are scheduled to be held every Wednesday. Students from different grades take an active part in the courses featuring daily life skills, including cooking, gardening, volunteering service and so on.
The labor courses are highly thought of, because not only does it provide a chance for us to pick up some practical skills, but it is also of great benefit to our growth.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰朋友Mike来邮件向你了解中国的劳动课程进校园的情况，请你回复邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目前：currently→at present
重要性：importance→significance
机会：chance→opportunity
对……有益：be of great benefit→be beneficial
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Currently, great importance has been increasingly attached to labor education.
拓展句：Currently, great importance has been increasingly attached to labor education, which emphasizes on practical skills and some maintenance techniques.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Students from different grades take an active part in the courses featuring daily life skills, including cooking, gardening, volunteering service and so on. (运用了现在分词短语作定语)
[高分句型2] The labor courses are highly thought of, because not only does it provide a chance for us to master some practical skills, but it is also of great benefit to our growth. (运用了部分倒装句型)
【走近高考◆◆预热卷】
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试预热卷02
英 语
本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My kids sat on Gee’s living room floor and respectfully lifted Christmas decorations out of a cardboard box. They shouted with delight when they discovered a tiny toy cat. Finally, my son was __1__ about a tiny modern helicopter, just on the contrary, my daughter with a traditional Mickey Mouse.
Gee stood beside them, __2__ each treasure. She turned to me and continued to say she and Tom built their collections over time by buying one or two nice ones each year in the after-Christmas sales. Eventually, we left, with boxes in my arms and she was smiling. Her __3__ belongings, gathered over a lifetime, found a new home.
We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage. Jim and I worked full-time, and in the morning we __4__ our garbage cans on the roadside, which would have to wait the long, lonely 10 hours there until we returned to __5__ them. Every day we’d come home to find them neatly __6__ in their spot next to our garage. Finally we saw an old couple who lived with his 10-year-old grandson across from us pick them up.
Tom and Gee quietly picked up garbage cans and taught us what it __7__ to be a neighbor. They taught us that home doesn’t end at a boundary line. It __8__ to all these people. These people, the __9__ among them and the love that flows through them all explain what a home is.
This Christmas, we’ll make our tree attractive with Gee’s decorations. We’ll bring beautifully packaged Christmas presents to some neighbors like the couple. To others, we’ll ___10___ a wave and a “Merry Christmas.”
1．A．doubtful B．anxious C．pitiful D．crazy
2．A．designing B．getting C．explaining D．weighing
3．A．strange B．precious C．modern D．spare
4．A．laid B．emptied C．deserted D．stored
5．A．store up B．deal with C．make out D．care about
6．A．buried B．transformed C．placed D．developed
7．A．occurred B．meant C．reflected D．expected
8．A．turns B．adds C．agrees D．extends
9．A．control B．words C．connections D．comfort
10．A．stop B．create C．keep D．exchange
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章讲述了作者从邻居身上学到的道理。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我儿子痴迷于一架小型现代直升机，而我女儿则痴迷于传统的米老鼠。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. pitiful可怜的；D. crazy狂热的。根据上文“They shouted with delight when they discovered a tiny toy cat.(当他们发现一只小玩具猫时，他们高兴地叫了起来)”可知，孩子们对玩具都感到很兴奋，最后挑选了最喜欢的，be crazy about热衷于，迷上。故选D项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gee站在他们身边，讲解每一件珍宝。A. designing设计；B. getting得到；C. explaining解释；D. weighing称……的重量。根据下文“She turned to me and continued to say she and Tom built their collections over time by buying one or two nice ones each year in the after-Christmas sales.(她转向我，继续对我说，她和Tom通过每年圣诞节后的大减价购买一两件不错的衣服，逐渐积累了他们的收藏)”可知，Gee在解释每一件珍宝的来历。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她花了一辈子时间收集的珍贵物品找到了新家。A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. precious珍贵的；C. modern现代的；D. spare备用的，空闲的。由上文的“treasure”可知，这些物品对于她很宝贵。故选B项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jim和我都是全职工作者，早上我们把垃圾桶放在路边，它们得在那里等上漫长而孤独的10个小时，直到我们回来处理它们。A. laid放置；B. emptied清空；C. deserted遗弃，抛弃；D. stored储存。根据“which would have to wait the long, lonely 10 hours there”可知，此处指早上作者把垃圾桶搁置在路边。故选A项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jim和我都是全职工作者，早上我们把垃圾桶放在路边，它们得在那里等上漫长而孤独的10个小时，直到我们回来处理它们。A. store up储存，积聚；B. deal with处理；C. make out认出；D. care about关心。根据语境及空前“we returned”可知，此处指作者和丈夫下班回家时才能处理垃圾桶。故选B项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天回到家，我们都会发现它们整齐地放在车库旁边的位置上。A. buried埋葬，埋头于；B. transformed转化；C. placed放；D. developed发展。结合空后“in their spot”可知，此处指垃圾桶被整齐地放在车库旁边。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tom和Gee静静地捡起垃圾桶，教会了我们邻居意味着什么。A. occurred发生；B. meant意味着；C. reflected反映；D. expected期待。由上文“Finally we saw an old couple who lived with his 10-year-old grandson across from us pick them up.(最后，我们看到住在我们对面的一对老夫妇和10岁的孙子捡起垃圾桶)”可知，Tom和Gee默默无闻地为作者捡起垃圾桶，教会作者作为一个邻居意味着什么。故选B项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它延伸到所有这些人。A. turns翻转；B. adds增加；C. agrees同意；D. extends延伸，扩大。根据上文“They taught us that home doesn’t end at a boundary line.(他们教会我们家没有界限)”可知，因为没有界限，所以会延伸到所有这些人。故选D项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人，他们之间的联系，他们身上流淌的爱，都解释了什么是家。A. control控制；B. words单词，（某人说的）话； C. connections关系，联系；D. comfort安慰。根据“explain what a home is”可知，人与人之间的情感纽带解释了什么是家。故选C项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对其他人，我们会互相挥手并说“圣诞快乐”。A. stop停止；B. create创造；C. keep保持；D. exchange交换，交谈。根据上文“We’ll bring beautifully packaged Christmas presents to some neighbors like the couple.(我们会把包装精美的圣诞礼物送给邻居，比如这对夫妇)”可知，此处指带给友好的邻居精美的礼物，对于其他人，会互相挥手，并说“圣诞快乐”。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Until I joined her class, I hadn’t believed in my ability as a writer. She ___11___ (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognised ___12___ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me, I’ve carved out a ___13___ (success) profession as a journalist.
【答案】11．persuaded 12．my 13．successful
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mrs. Bailey对作者的影响。
11．考察时态。句意：她说服我加入诗社，点燃了我对文学的热情。结合上下文的时态和本句句意，这里表示的是过去发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。故填persuaded。
12．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她发现了我的潜力，并向我展示了我可以充满创造力和热情地写作。potential在句中作动词recognize的宾语，是名词，前面的代词应该用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填my。
13．考查形容词。句意：因为她激发了我的信心，我在记者行业闯出了一番天地。profession意为“职业”，是名词，需要形容词来修饰。故填successful。
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The tiger shark ___14___ (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live ___15___ waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter (遭遇) are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can ___16___ (easy) hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly ____17____ (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.
【答案】14．is considered/has been considered 15．in 16．easily 17．designed
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么虎鲨如此危险。
14．考查动词时态和语态。句意：虎鲨被认为是世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一。这是一个客观事实可以用一般现在时，或者这是到目前为止一种认知，所以也可以用现在完成时。主语是the tiger shark，是单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。而且虎鲨跟认为之间是被动关系，所以也要用被动语态。故填is considered/has been considered。
15．考查介词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。虎鲨生活在水里，要用介词in。故填in。
16．考查副词。句意：第二，虎鲨是如此的强壮和有攻击性，它们可以轻易地攻击一个人。hit是动词，修饰动词要用副词，故填easily。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。分析句子结构可知，这里“设计来切割食物”是在句中作teeth的定语，design跟teeth之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词。故填designed。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In Beijing, hutongs are alleys(小巷) formed by lines of traditional siheyuan. Many neighborhoods were formed by joining one siheyuan to another to form a hutong and then joining one hutong to another. In the dynasty ____18____ (time), the large siheyuan of high-ranking officials and wealthy merchants often featured ____19____(beautiful) carved and painted roof beams and pillars and carefully landscaped gardens. The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by spacious homes and walled gardens. In contrast to the court life and elite culture ____20____(represent) by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. The hutongs are residential neighborhoods which still form the heart of Old Beijing.
【答案】18．times 19．beautifully 20．represented
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京胡同的形成及其特点。
18．考查名词。句意：在王朝时代，高级官员和富商的大型四合院经常以雕刻和绘画精美的梁柱和精心美化的园林为特色。根据空格前面的名词dynasty和句意可知，此处表达的是在王朝时代，而time一词用来表示时代、年代时要用复数。故填times。
19．考查副词。句意：在王朝时代，高级官员和富商的大型四合院经常以雕刻和绘画精美的梁柱和精心美化的园林为特色。根据空格后面的过去分词carved和所给的形容词beautiful可知，空格处应填入beautiful的副词形式来修饰后面的过去分词。故填beautifully。
20．考查过去分词。句意：与以故宫、颐和园、天坛为代表的宫廷生活和精英文化相比，胡同体现的是草根北京人的文化。分析句子可知，空格后的部分应该是作定语修饰前面的名词短语 the court life and elite culture, 再根据所给的词represent是及物动词和后面的by可知，represent一词和它所修饰的名词短语是被动关系，所以要用过去分词作定语。故填represented。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay-it-forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay-forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances, you can also place a large quantity of request.
Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!
PLACE SMILE CARD ORDER NOW
ABOUT US
KindSpring is a place to practice small acts of "kindness. For over a decade the KindSpring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100% volunteer-run and totally non-commercial. It is a shared labor of love.
21．When can you use a smile card?
A．Your friend's birthday is approaching.
B．Your classmate has won the first prize.
C．You've ordered lunch for a poor friend.
D．You find your classmate in low spirits.
22．To order smile cards, you have to____________.
A．pay for them in advance
B．place a big quantity of request
C．mail some necessary information
D．tell what favor you will do for others
23．The purpose of using smile cards is to encourage people to________________.
A．spread kindness
B．become volunteers
C．advertise for K indSpring
D．pay others' kindness back
【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一张名为笑脸卡的卡片，并讲述了如何申请笑脸卡、笑脸卡使用的注意事项和背后的负责团队。
21．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind(当你使用微笑卡片时，请记住不要单独分发。这个想法是为别人做些好事，然后把微笑卡留下)”可知，当做了一件善意的事情之后，可以留下一张微笑卡片。C项“You’ve ordered lunch for a poor friend.”（你给一个穷朋友点了午餐。）是做了一件善意的事情，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据表格部分下的小字“Please tell us what inspired you to order Smile Cards, and give us an example of a kind act you’d like to do using them(请告诉我们是什么激发了你订购微笑卡片，并给我们一个你想用它们做的善良行为的例子)”可知，在申请这张卡片时需要填写一些信息让负责团队对申请者申请卡片的意图和申请者意向为人们做哪些事情有所了解，可知，要订购微笑卡片，你必须告诉别人你会为别人做什么。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!(这样他们就会知道有人向他们伸出了援助之手，他们也会被邀请将这种善意传递下去，让涟漪继续传播下去)”可知，给予卡片者在给卡片前会为被给予者做一件小事，以此传递这张卡片让善意被传递下去。故选A。
B
For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis(危机)in the late 2000s. The downturn hit the real estate (房地产)firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job. One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering on the road, clearly lost. She took it home, and her sister in Denver agreed to take it. This was a loving home for sure, but 1, 600 miles away. It didn’t take long for Merebeth to decide to drive the dog there herself. It was her first road trip to her new job.
Merebeth’s pet delivery service also satisfies her wanderlust. It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers. She has driven through 55 mph winds in Wyoming, heavy flooding and storms in Alabama and total whiteout conditions in Kansas.
This wanderlust is inherited from her father, she says. She moved their family from Canada to California when she was one year old, because he wanted them to explore a new place together. As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road biking.
It turns out that pet transporting pays quite well at about $30, 000 per year before tax. She doesn’t work in summer, as it would be unpleasantly hot for the animals in the car, even with air conditioning. As autumn comes, she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning. It’s a call she must heed alone, though. Merebeth says, “When I am on the road, I’m just in my own world. I’ve always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals.”
24．Why did Merebeth changed her job?
A．She wanted to work near her home.
B．She was tired of working in the office.
C．Her sister asked her to move to Denver.
D．Her former employer was out of business.
25．The word “wanderlust” in paragraph 2 means a desire to _________?
A．make money. B．try various jobs.
C．be close to nature. D．travel to different places.
26．What can we learn about Merebeth in her new job?
A．She has chances to see rare animals.
B．She works hard throughout the year.
C．She relies on herself the whole time.
D．She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
【答案】24．D 25．D 26．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The downturn hit the real estate （房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager. The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了10年的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。 公司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）”，可知，Merebeth之所以换工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“It has taken her to every state in the US except Montana, Washington and Oregon, she says proudly. If she wants to visit a new place, she will simply find a pet with transport needs there. She travels in all weathers.（她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方，她只需要找到一个有交通需要的宠物。 她风雨无阻地旅行）”，可知，划线词的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When I am on the road, I'm just in my own world. I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I mush help animals.（当我在路上的时候，我只是在自己的世界里。 我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）”，可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。
C
There’s a new AI bot in town: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that’s useful. For example, you can ask it encyclopedia questions like, “Explain Newton’s laws of motion.” You can tell it, “Write me a poem,” and when it does, say, “Now make it more exciting.” You ask it to write a computer program that’ll show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.
ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there’s good training data for it to learn from. It’s not all-knowing or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than a million people were trying out ChatGPT. And it’s becoming big business. In January, Microsoft pledged to invest billions of dollars into OpenAI, saying it’ll build features into cloud services. OpenAI announced a $20 per month ChatGPT Plus service that responds faster and gets new features sooner.
It’s an AT that’s trained to recognize patterns in vast series of text harvested from the internet, then further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, better dialog. The answers you get may sound reasonable and even authoritative, but they might well be entirely wrong, as OpenAI warns. Sometimes, helpfully, it’ll specifically warn you of its own shortcomings. For example, when I asked it who wrote the phrase “the squirming facts exceed the squamous mind,” ChatGPT replied, “I’m sorry, but I am not able to browse the internet or access any external information beyond what I was trained on.” (The phrase is from Wallace Stevens’ 1942 poem Connoisseur of Chaos.)
The fact that it offers an answer at all, though, is a notable development in computing. Computers are famously literal, refusing to work unless you follow exact syntax and interface requirements. Large language models are revealing a more human-friendly style of interaction, not to mention an ability to generate answers that are somewhere between copying and creativity.
27．Which of the following can be a subtitle for the first paragraph?
A．What is ChatGPT?
B．What are the limits of ChatGPT?
C．What kind of questions can you ask?
D．Why is ChatGPT blowing everyone’s mind?
28．What made ChatGPT a big deal?
A．More than a million users.
B．Investment of billions of dollors.
C．Its ability to generate creative answers.
D．The bright future promised by Microsoft.
29．We can infer the purpose of example in Paragraph Three is to________.
A．Draw people’s attention to OpenAI
B．Reveal the weakness of ChatGPT
C．Explain work pattern of the system
D．Show the methods of training ChatGPT
30．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards ChatGPT?
A．Opposed. B．Critical. C．Supportive. D．Objective.
【答案】27．A 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能机器人ChatGPT的相关信息。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There’s a new AI bot in town: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. You can ask it countless questions and often will get an answer that’s useful.( 有一个新的人工智能机器人在城里:ChatGPT，你最好关注一下，即使你不喜欢人工智能。ChatGPT是OpenAI在11月发布的一款AI聊天机器人系统，旨在展示和测试一个非常强大的AI系统可以完成的任务。你可以问它无数的问题，通常会得到一个有用的答案)”可知，什么是ChatGPT可以作为第一段的副标题。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ChatGPT is a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there’s good training data for it to learn from. It’s not all-knowing or smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative.( ChatGPT是一个重要的事物。这个工具在有好的训练数据供它学习的领域似乎很有知识。它还不是无所不知或聪明到足以取代所有人类，但它可以很有创造力，它的答案听起来完全是权威的)”可知，ChatGPT生成创造性答案的能力使它成为一个重要的事物。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Sometimes, helpfully, it’ll specifically warn you of its own shortcomings. For example, when I asked it who wrote the phrase “the squirming facts exceed the squamous mind,” ChatGPT replied, “I’m sorry, but I am not able to browse the internet or access any external information beyond what I was trained on.”(The phrase is from Wallace Stevens’ 1942 poem Connoisseur of Chaos.)( 有时，它会特别提醒你它自己的缺点。例如，当我问它是谁写了“扭曲的事实超过了鳞状的头脑”这句话时，ChatGPT回答说:“很抱歉，我不能浏览互联网，也不能访问任何超出我所接受培训的外部信息。(这句话出自华莱士·史蒂文斯1942年的诗《混沌鉴赏家》。))”可知，第三段的例子是为了揭示ChatGPT的弱点。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The fact that it offers an answer at all, though, is a notable development in computing. (事实上，它提供了一个答案，这是计算领域的一个显著发展。)”可推知，作者对ChatGPT持支持的态度。故选C。
D
The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.
Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organism’s life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring (后代). For the Geneticists, they believe that our lives are entirely determined by genetics, which is nature. An opposing view is that there is no indication that genes (基因) determines one’s personality, rather there is growing evidence that nurture serves as the determining factor in personality development.
Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, education, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.
The argument of nature and nurture as to which is more important is necessitated by an attempt to differentiate how much effect genetics has on a person’s development against how easily humans are influenced by one’s environment.
While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of one’s personality, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance. Even without nurture, the nature impact can still stand independently without necessarily causing destruction. More so, even when the nurture impact is successfully effected, it does not remove the genetic characteristics of a person. It therefore stands correctly that nature is that which determines the substance of a person.
31．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Nature’s role is supported by additional evidence.
B．Personality development is determined by nurture.
C．Nature impacts gene expression in later generation.
D．Environment shapes personality more than genetics.
32．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．What nurture means to human beings.
B．How living things develop after birth.
C．How nurture shapes human development.
D．How surroundings influence human beings.
33．How does the author stress the greater importance of nature?
A．By giving examples.
B．By making contrast.
C．By conducting experiments.
D．By citing research data.
34．What is the best title for the text?
A．A Long Story of Nature and Nurture
B．A New Research on Nature and Nurture
C．Who Can Tell What Makes Who We Are?
D．Which Is More Important, Nature or Nurture?
【答案】31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。文章论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture, the environment, during the organism’s life. Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime, but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring (后代). (在有机体的一生中，先天为有机体提供了与滋养、环境相互作用的起点。先天不仅会影响一个生物体的一生，还会直接影响其后代的基因表达)”可知，先天影响后代的基因表达。故选C。
32．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth. When applied to human beings, it means how the person is raised, which includes nutrition, education, care, as well as the kind of surroundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.(后天指的是生物出生后生长发育的条件。当应用于人类时，它指的是一个人是如何成长的，包括营养、教育、照顾，以及环境的类型，如文化影响、家庭和朋友)”可知，第三段主要讨论了后天对人类意味着什么。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of one’s personality, nature dramatically outweighs nurture, for nature can be likened to a foundation. The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied. However, nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance.(不可否认，后天培养在一个人的个性成长和发展中起着一定的作用，但先天的作用远远超过后天培养，因为先天可以被比作基础。后天对人的发展的影响是不能完全否认的。然而，先天被认为是最重要的，因为它提供了一个机会，创造了一个基础，为后天问题的出现提供了基础)”可推知，作者通过对比强调了先天的重要性。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century. The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are.(先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。争论的核心问题是，究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们)”及下文论述可知，文章主要论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。由此可知，Which Is More Important, Nature or Nurture?(先天和后天，哪个更重要？)适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Productive people have one thing in common: a solid routine consisting of small habits that help them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle. ____35____. Research has shown that a habit takes approximately 21 days to become normal behavior. So here are some habits you can start to practice to become a productive person.
Establish a morning routine
The most effective way of staying productive is to wake up at the same time every day, even on the weekends.____36____. By performing small, routine tasks like opening your windows as soon as you wake up, your body and mind will know that it’s time to begin your day’s work. You should also take a couple of minutes to stretch before getting ready, and then make your bed. These may seem like unimportant tasks, but they set the tone for remaining productive throughout the day.
Make daily to-do lists
____37____. Some people prefer to make their to-do lists first thing in the morning, while others like to do them each night to prepare for the day ahead. Either way, it will help you to keep on track and to manage your time and workload efficiently.
____38____
Writing down and organizing your thoughts can help you to track and achieve goals. You should even write down your accomplishments in your diary, no matter how small, to help motivate you to keep going. You can also track the progress of your bigger goals and make notes of the smaller tasks you can accomplish to achieve them.____39____.
A．Keep a journal
B．Having enough sleeping is important
C．Motivate someone else to make notes
D．This helps your body maintain its biorhythm
E．Making a list of priorities for the day helps you to stay on track
F．For many of them, it doesn’t take long to integrate into their routine
G．The process of recording will help you to reflect and boost brain function
【答案】35．F 36．D 37．E 38．A 39．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是如何训练自己的一些小习惯，让自己也成为一个富有成效的人。
35．根据空前的“Productive people have one thing in common: a solid routine consisting of small habits that help them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle.(富有成效的人有一个共同点：由小习惯组成的坚实的日常常规，帮助他们保持健康的心态和生活方式)”可知，富有成效的人都是一些小习惯组成的坚实的日常常规，根据空后的“Research has shown that a habit takes approximately 21 days to become normal behavior.(研究表明，一个习惯大约需要 21 天才能成为正常行为)”可知，形成一个正常的行为需要21天，由此可推断，此空处讲述的是要成为一个富有成效的人需要花费的时间，F选项“For many of them, it doesn’t take long to integrate into their routine(对于他们中的许多人来说，融入他们的日常生活并不需要很长时间)”可知，形成这一套惯例不需要很久，承接空前与空后的内容，符合题意。故选F项。
36．根据空前的“The most effective way of staying productive is to wake up at the same time every day, even on the weekends.(保持工作效率的最有效方法是每天在同一时间醒来，即使在周末也是如此)”可知，每天在同一时间起床是最好的方法，D选项“This helps your body maintain its biorhythm(这有助于您的身体保持其生物节律)”中的保持身体的生物节奏与每天同时间起床的结果，符合逻辑，内容相吻合。故选D项。
37．根据该段的小标题“Make daily to-do lists(制作每日待办事项清单)”可知，本段主要讲述的与列一个日常待办清单相关，E选项“Making a list of priorities for the day helps you to stay on track(列出当天的优先事项可帮助您保持正轨)”讲述的内容是列日常待办清单的好处，与本段主题内容相符。故选E项。
38．分析语篇可知，此空为本段的小标题，所以与其它段落的小标题句式相同，均为祈使句，根据该段首句“Writing down and organizing your thoughts can help you to track and achieve goals.(写下和组织你的想法可以帮助你跟踪和实现目标)”可知，记录自己的想法有助于跟踪和实现自己的目标，所以本段的主题与“记录内容”相关，A选项“Keep a journal(记日记)”为祈使句，同时讲述的内容与本段主题一致。故选A项。
39．根据空格所处的位置在段尾，应是对该段内容的总结，且根据第四题可知，本段讲述的内容与记录相关，所以该空内容仍与此相关，G选项“The process of recording will help you to reflect and boost brain function(记录过程将帮助您反映和增强大脑功能)”讲述的是记录的过程给大脑带来的好处，与本段内容吻合，且最该段的内容做出总结，符合题意。故选G项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Everyone needs it, but no one wants to ask for it. “Help” has become a sort of dirty word, implying weakness and neediness, that we can’t handle our problems on our own. However, whether it be for your physical, mental or academic health, getting words of advice or encouragement from an outside source can make all the difference.
During a time of such uncertainty, the frequency of people requesting help for anxiety and depression has increased. The current situation has made people realize they can’t be alone with their thoughts, and that asking for help from professionals is the best way to get their problems off their chests and their minds on the road to wellness.
Still, requesting help carries a societal weight. The British Psychology Society found that two types of stigmas (羞耻、耻辱) exist: public stigma and self stigma. A “public stigma” is external, a collection of beliefs from around us, which holds a heavy weight on our ideas on seeking help. A “self stigma” is internal, assigning ourselves labels based on our state of mental health, claiming we are worthless and undeserving of help. “Public” and “self” stigmas go hand in hand, and when we hear the stigmas being voiced by those around us, we tend to apply them to ourselves because of social influences, especially those concerning mental health.
To be our better selves, we have to break the stigma around “help” and accept the fact that some problems are too tough to overcome on our own. If we fail to break the stigma around the word “help”, we ignore the increasingly more relevant necessity of getting ourselves assistance in times of need. Despite what society may tell us, it’s not odd or wrong to get help — it’s probably one of the most insightful and courageous things we can do for ourselves.
Each one of us should be able to openly admit that we need help, whether it be for problems we face with school or for internalized struggles with mental health. Sometimes we need support, and that isn’t bad — it’s healthy, and remarkably brave.
40．According to the passage, why is “help” considered a “dirty word”?
41．What is explained in paragraph 3?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
● Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help.
43．What do you think are some other benefits of asking for help? (In about 40 words)
【答案】40．Because some people think if they ask for help, it means they are too weak to handle their own problems by themselves. 41．The second paragraph is mainly about the social influence contributing to the “help” becoming a dirty word and introduced two types of stigmas : public stigma and self stigma. 42．Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help. The underlined part is wrong because breaking the stigma around “help” can improve ourselves. 43．It is likely that if you can ask somebody for help, you can make a good friend because that makes the other feel they are needed and trusted, and also you can learn a lot during the process.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了现在“帮助”一词竟然被污名化，意味着软弱无能。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段““Help” has become a sort of dirty word, implying weakness and neediness, that we can’t handle our problems on our own.(“帮助”已经变成了一个肮脏的词，暗示着软弱和需要，我们不能自己处理我们的问题)”可知，“help”被污名化，是因为人们认为自己需要别人帮助就意味着自己弱势，不能把自己的问题处理好。故答案为Because some people think if they ask for help, it means they are too weak to handle their own problems by themselves.
41．考查段落大意。根据第三段“Still, requesting help carries a societal weight. The British Psychology Society found that two types of stigmas (羞耻、耻辱) exist: public stigma and self stigma...(尽管如此，寻求帮助还是有社会影响的。英国心理学会发现存在两种类型的污名:公众污名和自我污名……)”及后面对两种情况详细展开的介绍可知，本段主要讲述了心理学家发现两种类型的求助耻辱心理：公众污名和自我污名。 故答案为The second paragraph is mainly about the social influence contributing to the “help” becoming a dirty word and introduced two types of stigmas : public stigma and self stigma.
42．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“To be our better selves, we have to break the stigma around “help” and accept the fact that some problems are too tough to overcome on our own.( 要成为更好的自己，我们必须打破围绕“帮助”的污名，并接受这样一个事实：有些问题很难靠我们自己克服)”可知，作者认为打破这个求助的耻辱感，才可以接受事实，适当求助，完善提升自我，所以说“Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help.”意为：打破“帮助”的污名会增加我们寻求帮助的需求，就会更多地去求助别人，这个说法是错误的。应改为Breaking the stigma around “help” can improve ourselves. 故答案为Breaking the stigma around “help” can increase our need of seeking help. The underlined part is wrong because breaking the stigma around “help” can improve ourselves.
43．开放题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。遇到困难自己解决不了，向人求助有很多好处。例如，真心求助会使对方感到被需要，被信任而真心帮助，甚至会成为好朋友，求助者也会向对方学到很多知识。参考答案为It is likely that if you can ask somebody for help, you can make a good friend because that makes the other feel they are needed and trusted, and also you can learn a lot during the process.
第二节（20分）
假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰朋友Mike来邮件向你了解中国的劳动课程进校园的情况，请你回复邮件。内容包括：
1.劳动课程的意义；
2.劳动课程的学习内容。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头语已为你写好。
参考词汇：教育部The Ministry of Education
Dear Mike,
I’m happy to share some information about labor education in China.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m happy to share some information about labor education in China.
Currently, great importance has been increasingly attached to labor education. The labor courses have been set up recently, aiming to raise the students’ awareness of labor-loving. The courses are scheduled to be held every Wednesday. Students from different grades take an active part in the courses featuring daily life skills, including cooking, gardening, volunteering service and so on.
The labor courses are highly thought of, because not only does it provide a chance for us to pick up some practical skills, but it is also of great benefit to our growth.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰朋友Mike来邮件向你了解中国的劳动课程进校园的情况，请你回复邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目前：currently→at present
重要性：importance→significance
机会：chance→opportunity
对……有益：be of great benefit→be beneficial
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Currently, great importance has been increasingly attached to labor education.
拓展句：Currently, great importance has been increasingly attached to labor education, which emphasizes on practical skills and some maintenance techniques.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Students from different grades take an active part in the courses featuring daily life skills, including cooking, gardening, volunteering service and so on. (运用了现在分词短语作定语)
[高分句型2] The labor courses are highly thought of, because not only does it provide a chance for us to master some practical skills, but it is also of great benefit to our growth. (运用了部分倒装句型)
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