2023年高考押题预测卷01（北京专用）-英语（考试版）A4

2023年高考押题预测卷01

英  语

（考试时间：100分钟  试卷满分：100分）

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5份，共15份）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。

A first responder on a motorcycle pulls up with great urgency to the entrance of a supermarket. I thought that there was a(n) ___1___ inside the store-a pretty logical conclusion. But then I saw him take out a shopping ___2___. I had to investigate further.

He told me he had just been at an apartment where an elderly man required medical attention. After his condition was ___3___, the older man’s part-time caregiver came over to monitor the situation. Before leaving the apartment, the first responder ___4___ the man’s refrigerator and noticed that it was nearly empty. So in consultation with the caregiver, he quickly wrote up the shopping list and ___5___ over to the supermarket. I helped the first responder get some of the ___6___ items and my job was fruits and vegetables. But I asked the first responder why he thought of checking the refrigerator. He replied that he does it on a(n)___7___ basis. Besides, when he tells various supermarkets what his mission is, they invariably give him a discount. He takes the phone number of the people for whom he is ___8___ the items to tell them afterward what to expect to pay. And then the store also agrees to do the

___9___ for no charge no matter how small the grocery bill is.

“What a complex operation,” I said to the first responder.

He replied: “It’s just a(n)_____10_____ little service. If they eat better, they’ll hopefully stay healthier.”

1．A．exhibition B．conflict C．discount D．emergency

2．A．basket B．guide C．bill D．list

3．A．changed B．stabilized C．identified D．reported

4．A．repaired B．cleaned C．checked D．defrosted

5．A．rushed B．walked C．stormed D．wandered

6．A．popular B．personal C．necessary D．valuable

7．A．equal B．regular C．temporary D．sound

8．A．purchasing B．choosing C．separating D．preparing

9．A．business B．favor C．selling D．delivery

10．A．extra B．constant C．standard D．traditional

第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, ____11____ now a drug detection team is welcoming some newcomers — squirrels (松鼠). Squirrels have a sharp sense of smell as they can smell food ____12____ about 30 centimeters of snow. Being so small and swift, they are able to search for drugs in areas ____13____ dogs may not be able to arrive. Squirrels have been trained to make noises to catch their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs.

B

Chinese ____14____ (researcher) have deployed an in-situ scientific experiment station on the seabed that will enable long-term uncrewed scientific research in the deep sea. The in-situ scientific experiment station is a new deep-sea system ____15____ (suggest) by China in recent years. Usually, ____16____ (tradition) marine surveys take samples from the seabed and get them tested in the land labs. For in-situ testing in the deep sea, damage or loss of sample data due to environmental changes can ____17____ (avoid).

C

With the popularity of cycling, many cities have combined their tourism characteristics to launch themed routes. From indoor exhibitions ____18____ outdoor concerts and night cycling along the South Central Axis (轴), a series of activities ____19____ (introduce) next month so that urban residents can enjoy themselves. An official of the China Tourism Academy said, “As mass tourism grows in popularity, only high-quality outdoor tourism products can attract visitors and the integration of micro-vacation products with outdoor sports products ____20____ (have) a broad space for development.”

第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Cities are taking steps to support wildlife populations and educate citizens about the importance of the environment. Here are four of the most wildlife-friendly cities in the United States.

Austin, Texas

Austin, the capital of Texas, earns the rank as the top city for wildlife in large part due to its work to help improve declining monarch butterfly populations. Austin sits within the main migration pattern of the monarch, which means that monarch butterflies pass through it twice annually. Austin also leads all US cities with 2,616 certified (经认证的)wildlife habitats.

Atlanta, Georgia

Atlanta secures the second-place ranking thanks to its Climate Action Plan, which aims to expand on the 3,000 acres of parks that the city already manages. Already classified by the US Forest Service as one of the most forested urban centers in the country, Atlanta also calls fbr planting more trees and creating more green spaces based on its climate plan. Six neighborhoods in Atlanta have been designated (指定)as Community Wildlife Habitats. Put together, these areas of vegetation can help reduce the urban heat island effect in the city.

Seattle, Washington

Seattle is home to 489 parks that span 6,441 acres, including 2,500 acres of forested public land. The city’s largest park, Discovery Park, covers 534 acres and serves as an important protected area fbr birds and marine animals. Due to the amount of forested land in Seattle, the researchers use the city to study how urban environments can be designed to support wildlife. The Seattle Urban Project enlists the community to report wildlife sightings, which helps to demonstrate how and where flesh-eating mammals can coexist with humans.

Chula Vista, California

Chula Vista, a city in southern California, ranks high on the list due to its efforts to combat water use issues. The city’s NatureScape Program encourages citizens to replace lawns with gardens of native plants that attract pollinators (传粉昆虫)and conserve water. The city has also formed the CLEAN group, a partnership between the government, businesses and community groups designed to address environmental issues.

21．What is special about the city Austin, Texas?

A．It manages the largest green spaces.

B．It owns the largest number of parks.

C．It can report the most wildlife sightings.

D．It has got the most certified wildlife habitats in the US.

22．What do the researchers in Seattle try to find out?

A．How to build more parks in the city.

B．How to make the city wildlife-friendly.

C．How to improve biodiversity in the city.

D．How to make the city more livable fbr humans.

23．Which of the following contributes to helping more native plants to reproduce?

A．The CLEAN group.

B．The Climate Action Plan.

C．The Seattle Urban Project.

D．The Nature Scape Program.

B

Harvey Sutton spent nearly seven months hiking with his parents, walking the thousands of miles that make up the complete Appalachian Trail (AT). Harvey, or “Little Man”, was just 4 years old when he started, and celebrated his 5th birthday on the trail.

Harvey’s parents, Josh and Cassic Sution, have been hiking with Harvey since he was two. They prepared him for hiking the AT by starting out with lots of shorter walks and hikes.

It took Harvey and his family 209 days to complete the entire AT. Every day the family would wake up around 5:30 in the morning. They would have breakfast and pack up their tent and sleeping bags before setting off through the woods. In general, the family hiked about 16 kilometers a day before stopping to camp again.

During his days on the AT, Harvey liked to use his imagination. This helped him walk more quickly and have fun while he hiked. He played games with his mom and dad and other hikers. Harvey says he enjoyed playing the “cell phone game” where you pretend you are different people.

Harvey and his family made friends with other hikers on the trail. Along the way, Harvey earned the nickname of “Little Man”.

Karl Donus Sakas hiked with the Suttons through seven states. He helped make the hike fun for Harvey by creating a treasure hunt for him to complete.

But Harvey also enjoyed the sometimes hard work of hiking. “My favorite part was the rock scrambles,” he says, “because they were so fun and hard.”

Mr. Sakas says Harvey didn’t seem to get tired. When other hikers were worn out at the end of the day, Harvey was still eager for a game of freeze tag.

Completing the AT taught Harvey and his parents how to work as a team and how to take on challenges together. Harvey’s mom says that because of the experience, “We’re closer than ever before.”

24．According to the story, we know that  .

A．Harvey Sutton started hiking at the age of 4.

B．Harvey is physically stronger than other hikers.

C．Harvey Sutton managed the trip through fun activities.

D．Harvey was accompanied by Karl Donus Sakas to complete the trail.

25．Which word can best describe the trail, according to Harvey?

A．Enjoyable. B．Tiring. C．Tough. D．Novel.

26．What can we learn from the story?

A．Success lies in perseverance. B．Many hands make light work.

C．Like father, like son. D．No pains, no gains.

C

While rice and wheat are the two most commonly consumed cereal grains worldwide, a study covering more than 100,000 people in Northwest China has revealed that choosing rice as a main food may result in a lower risk of obesity.

Researchers from Xi’an Jiaotong University collected data from participants aged 35 to 74 who are residents of five northwestern provincial-level regions. They divided the participants into three groups. The first group eats rice as their main food, consuming it either daily or four to six times per week, while consuming wheat less than four to six times per week. The second group’s main food is wheat, and the third group consumes both rice and wheat as their main food, with similar frequency.

Then the researchers compared results and found out that rice preference might be associated with a lower risk of certain obesity types in the population of Northwest China. Higher wheat intake was associated with higher risks of excessive body fat and central obesity (stomach fat) in men and central obesity in women, according to the study findings published in the journal Nutrients.

According to the researchers, previous animal studies shows that wheat gluten (谷蛋白) promoted weight gain by reducing heat production and energy consumption, while rice protein shows the potential for anti-obesity and triglyceride-lowering (抗肥胖和降低甘油三酯) effects. Meanwhile, rice-based dietary patterns often have more fresh vegetables, meat and fish servings. People with wheat preference in Northwest China tend to eat large bowls of noodles with fewer vegetables or less meat, and sometimes even with a large amount of oil.

However, researchers noted that given the vast territory and diverse ethnic groups present in Northwest China, further studies might be necessary to fully understand the regional specificity and potential hidden reasons for the observed links.

27．What do you know about the study in Northwest China?

A．People can eat rice to lose weight. B．Eating rice will help you live longer.

C．Rice is the perfect choice for people who are fat. D．Eating rice may reduce people’s risk of being fat.

28．How did the researchers figure out the findings of the study?

A．By offering examples. B．By referring to some data.

C．By making a comparison. D．By quoting an expert’s opinion.

29．What does the previous animal study show?

A．Wheat gluten reduced weight gain by reducing heat and energy.

B．Rice protein has the potential to fight obesity and lower triglyceride.

C．People often eat noodles with more fresh vegetables, meat and fish servings.

D．People who prefer wheat in Northwest China tend to cat small bowls of noodles.

30．What will the researchers probably do next?

A．They will carry out further studies.

B．They will change their research methods.

C．They will promote rice as the main food.

D．They will figure out the number of ethnic groups in China.

D

Among the excitement of all things artificial intelligence, writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago, AI and automated robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.

Observes Mayur Bhatt, marketing head, SEO Services Guru: “It is only a matter of time before algorithms (算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.” Adds noted author Stephen Marche: “Whatever field you are in, if it uses language, it is about to be transformed.” People of writing driven by AI insist the robots are simply here ‘to serve humanity’. Robots will do the hard labor work, they say. Writers will be freed-up to engage in more interesting, more in-depth and more creative work.

But for the many writers and editors who have already lost their jobs to AI, that pleasant future is a tough sell. Consider Radar, a hyper-local news service that has been generating AI-written articles in the UK since 2017. Instead of using reporters to cover news beats, Radar relies on robots. Those automatons mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar-and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook. For example: Radar's AI software can ingest a new government report on crime across the UK, and then auto-generate hundreds of customized stories from the study, based on localized data. Each story is hyper-localized to a town or even a smaller community by including data from the government report. The resulting micro-focused stories are sold to news outlets throughout Britain -as well as to any other news outlet that might be interested. Gary Rogers, editor-in-chief, Radar: “There is open data across all the main beats of news — health, crime, transport, etc. — filled with stories waiting to be told.”

So far, many writers are aware of the adoption of Al-generated writing via a few, well-publicized stories about the tech's use at major news organizations like Bloomberg, the BBC and The New York Times. But it turns out those above represent only smattering of what's really going on. A 2021 study found that 15% of news stories are now automatically generated at leading news outlets using AI. Moreover, the adoption of AI-generated writing has gone far beyond news-reporting, cropping-up across a wide range of writing jobs.

To date, human beings still best their robot competitors in writing of the highest quality. Even so, the hard fact remains that AI will be producing an increasing number of automated writing in coming years that competes in a world often entrapped in the icy hold of ‘good enough’.

31．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

A．Algorithms can write articles quickly. B．Writing is more than a plaything.

C．Writing is hard but interesting. D．AI writing has great potential.

32．How does Radar generate AI-written articles?

A．By quoting local stories. B．By including official data.

C．By selling customized stories. D．By reporting main news beats.

33．What does the underlined word “smattering” in paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．An unfair fact. B．A small part.

C．An original idea. D．A basic research.

34．Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．How AI is Automating Writing Jobs

B．How AI Serves Humanity in Writing

C．How AI is Widely Accepted in Writing

D．How AI Entraps Writers in the Icy World

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项

为多余选项。

Confirmation bias(偏见) is our tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs. It also describes how we try to find ways to look at unclear information in ways that support rather than challenge those beliefs — or simply ignore information that contradicts them. ____35____

People usually don't engage in confirmation bias on purpose.____36____ For example, if you heard that a politician you support was caught in a scandal(丑闻), you might be more likely to believe explanations that make them look less guilty. Meanwhile, people who dislike that politician would probably be more likely to believe stories that make them look worse.

So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? ____37____ This can help us check if we only believe certain things because we never seriously considered other possibilities. It's also easy to surround ourselves with an “echo chamber” of people who think the same way we do—especially on social media.____38____ It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue.

And perhaps most importantly: we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions.____39____ We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it's very important to us. But that's often easier said than done.

A．The thing we most want to believe might not actually be true.

B．But research has found that it is real and affects our judgment.

C．But it can be helpful to talk to people who don't share our beliefs.

D．Research has shown that confirmation bias occurs in several contexts.

E．Most of all, accept that you have biases that impact your decision-making.

F．One thing we can do is try to look for evidence that contradicts our beliefs.

G．This is especially true for information about things that feel very important to us.

第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

The capacity for empathy — to first identify and then understand and share in someone else’s feelings — is largely held as a virtue. Yet, there is a knowledge problem that makes being naturally empathetic a struggle. Why? As poet John Keats put it, “Nothing ever becomes real until it is experienced.”

So how can someone else’s perspective (视角) and emotions ever become real enough for us to develop empathy? Reading fiction may provide an answer.

Studies show that when you read fiction, it not only activates the language processing center of the brain but also increases global flow in the brain. It speeds up the part involved in physical movement and areas of the brain linked to sensory experiences. In other words, reading fiction lights up the brain in ways that copy the neural (神经) activities of the experience you’re reading about. For example, if you read a well-written passage about a character hiking through the wilderness, your brain reacts as if you’re on that hike.

To really cultivate empathy, you need to be internally more aware of and connected to those around you. And again, reading fiction is associated with just such a skill. One study, which assesses one’s ability to determine someone else’s emotions based on their facial expression alone, showed that fiction readers scored higher than non-readers and readers of nonfiction. The researchers assumed that reading fiction allows people to practice taking on someone else’s perspective and thus improves their social awareness. This suggests that reading fiction improves one’s theory of mind and emotional intelligence.

The takeaway lesson is simple: If you want to build empathy, try reading more fiction, more often — especially fiction by and about people whose experiences are different from your own.

40．What does the author think can help develop empathy?

___________________________________________________________________________________

41．How does reading fiction light up our mind?

___________________________________________________________________________________

42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why?

▷Non-readers and readers of nonfiction can better determine someone else’s emotions based on their facial expression alone.

___________________________________________________________________________________

43．In addition to the benefits mentioned above, what do you think are some other benefits of reading fiction? (In about 40 words)

___________________________________________________________________________________

第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)

假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下周将有一个英国的学生代表团来你校进行为期两天的交流访问，你将作为学生代表致词。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，内容包括：

1.表示欢迎；

2.简要介绍主要活动安排；

3.表达美好祝愿。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear friends,

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Hope you enjoy your stay here! Thank you!