2023届全国新高考优等生拔高冲刺模拟检测（五）英语试题含解析

这是一份2023届全国新高考优等生拔高冲刺模拟检测（五）英语试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2023年普通高中高三新高考模拟检测
英语（五）
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman think of the film?
A. Interesting. B. Disappointing. C. Excellent.
2. How much does the woman spend on the albums?
A. 35 yuan. B. 90 yuan. C. 100 yuan.
3. How will the woman go to the town centre?
A. By train. B. By taxi. C. By bus.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. In the waiting room. C. At the doctor’s office.
5. When will the man check in?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听此段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Their business trip. B. The list of guests. C. Iris’ old friend.
7. Who will be absent from the dinner?
A. David. B. Henry. C. Sam.
听此段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why is the woman talking to the man?
A. To get a form. B. To ask for leave. C. To borrow a phone.
9. When will the woman attend her classes?
A. On May 31. B. On June 4. C. On June 5.
听此段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Some cities in Asia.
B. The best places to travel.
C. The man’s traveling experience.
11. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Guide and tourist. C. Teacher and student.
12. What did the man often do in Seoul?
A. He visited some ancient temples.
B. He went to an all-night market.
C. He tasted delicious food.
听此段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What happened to children after 1870?
A. Both boys and girls could go to school.
B. Boys and girls must study in separate classrooms.
C. Boys and girls could play in the same playground.
14. What were the classrooms like?
A. The roofs were really high up.
B. The windows were open all the time.
C. There weren’t any pictures on the walls.
15. Which subject does the man teach?
A. Geography. B. History. C. Math.
16. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. Students used to have lunch at school.
B. Few men taught because of the low pay.
C. School used to start earlier than nowadays.
听此段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many brothers and sisters did Grandma Moses have?
A. Five. B. Ten. C. Nine.
18. What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing?
A. Farming. B. Painting. C. Working at a drugstore.
19. Why did Grandma Moses paint in her old age?
A. To exhibit her artworks. B. To make money. C. To pass the time.
20. When did Grandma Moses hold her first exhibition?
A. In 1930. B. In 1940. C. In 2000.

第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Lack of airflow in your home can cause indoor air pollution and worsen health issues. Before buying an expensive air cleaner, you’d better try out a few houseplants first—they’re much cheaper and look a lot nicer.
Snake Plant
Perfect for your bedroom, this plant is unique in its ability to give off oxygen at night. Snake plants are also able to produce enough oxygen in an air-sealed room for people to breathe normally. It’s one of the best plants for filtering (过滤) some harmful gases. Water it once a week, being sure to let the soil dry in-between waterings, and keep it by a window.
Peace Lily
If you’re somebody that loves flowers in the house, this is a great option for you. A peace lily produces fragrant flowers all summer long, and effectively removes formaldehyde (甲醛) from the air. It grows best in shady areas and with the soil kept damp. Be careful though, as this plant can be poisonous if eaten by children or pets.
Bamboo Palm
This fast growing houseplant looks splendid and is safe for children and pets. It will add damp to the air in the dry winter months and remove indoor air pollutants. It grows well in indirect sunlight away from any cold drafts. Take care of it by keeping the soil wet and misting its leaves.
Red Edged Dracaena
This drought plant is good for beginners. It grows well in sunlight. Wipe the underside of the leaves regularly with a damp cloth to make sure it can properly filter your air. Place it in a semi-shaded area and mist the soil with room-temperature water. Careful, it’s not pet-friendly.
1. How does a snake plant help you?
A. It produces enough oxygen. B. It gives off a fragrant smell.
C. It keeps the indoor air wet. D. It makes the bedroom prettier.
2. Which of the following can be kept in the sun?
A. A snake plant. B. A peace lily.
C. A bamboo palm. D. A red-edged dracaena.
3. What do the four plants have in common?
A. They prefer dry conditions. B. They do good to kids and pets.
C. They reduce indoor pollution. D. They’re suitable for beginners.

B
It’s difficult to imagine a standard coming-of-age experience that involves more change, more stress, and more personal challenge than freshman year of college.
That food might become a way for many to deal with those stresses is hardly surprising. Weight gain in the first year of college, often jokingly referred to as the “Freshman 15”, is so common that it has become a cliche (陈词滥调). The fact that this freshman weight gain is so commonplace disguises the fact that it is often a sign of a young person having difficulty coping with the stresses of a new life.
“Food becomes a way to exert control for many freshmen when they feel little control in many areas of their lives,” Molly Kimball, a registered dietitian and sports nutritionist, says. “I work with young people all the time who have gotten into poor lifestyle choices and a disordered way of eating.”
“These are serious issues,” says Carol Holland, an associate professor and psychologist in the counseling center, adds. “Gaining 10 or 15 pounds isn’t always a big deal, but it could be a sign that a young person does not have the coping skills needed given the stresses he or she is under. That’s something parents want to be aware of.”
“For many students, college life is starting over from square one,” says Holland, a spokesman for the American College Counseling Association. “They have all new friends, academic demands, boy-girl relationships, and money worries. They may think it’s easy, but quickly they are neck deep into a real time of difficult transformation.”
So how to keep this situational overeating in check?
Get in a regular pattern of eating and selectively eat things you enjoy. Don’t skip meals, and keep a healthy, satisfying snack on hand. Also, try to work out a healthy food plan that uses what you have around you that is easy and convenient. Finally, don’t stop exercising. Most schools have some kind of student sports center, join it and get rid of your lazy habits!
1. What happens to freshmen in college according to the passage?
A. Most of them cannot cope with the changes of life.
B. They are free to eat anything they want away from home.
C. Many of them turn to food as a way to deal with stresses.
D. They usually gain much weight because of the busy schedule.
2. What does “these” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Weight gains. B. Some bad habits.
C. Stresses in life. D. Difficulties in college.
3. Which of the following is a cause of stress among freshmen according to Holland?
A. Parent-child relationship. B. Academic requirements.
C. Different eating habits. D. Part-time jobs off campus.
4. What can freshmen do to control overeating?
A. Joining a basketball club. B. Not having dinner.
C. Keeping away from snacks. D. Staying up to study at night.

C
Whether you’re interested in green agriculture and rainforest conservation or supporting sustainable sources, organizations worldwide are investing time and effort into various environmental protection projects. Volunteers are always needed to help with the different initiatives to protect the environment.
The past years have been bothered by an endless report of natural disasters occurring in geographically weak locations. Floods are affecting the places that previously never faced this problem while heat waves, droughts and earthquakes are becoming the norm (常态). Important wildlife and plant species are disappearing and threatening the planet’s biodiversity. According to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), there are other problems: deforestation (毁林), pollution, water scarcity, illegal fishing and wildlife trade.
The ongoing industrialization and the lack of awareness are taking its toll (毁坏) and it’s time for that to change. Most people remain inactive, believing small changes won’t make a difference. However, there are many ways to help. Small changes carried out by some people do make a difference.
Excellent examples of this are organizations that believe small initiatives have a significant impact. These projects are growing steadily and positively affecting the environmental conservation and influencing the local community. They are creating awareness among others and helping them understand the importance of environmental conservation while creating volunteer opportunities to help the environment.
The organizations will learn valuable skills about environmental conservation but most importantly, they are moving towards change. There are enough environmental volunteer opportunities that need your help and there’s no time to waste! Continue reading about environmental volunteer programs abroad and take steps toward environmental conservation.
There are plenty of options once you decide to become an environmental volunteer. The tasks will depend on the project you have decided to volunteer with and can vary greatly. With over 130 projects focused on the environment, you’ll find projects that match both your skill set and travel preference.
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The threats the earth is facing. B. The influence of natural disasters.
C. The need to know natural disasters. D. The difficulty in protecting the earth.
2. How do most people behave towards environmental problems?
A. They make small changes. B. They help each other.
C. They keep sitting by. D. They try to find ways.
3. What can we learn from the text?
A. It’s easier said than done. B. It’ll be all right on the night.
C. Where there’s life, there’s hope. D. There is no time like the present.
4. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To call on people to be environmental volunteers.
B. To show the serious problems of the environment.
C. To discuss the ways of environmental conservation.
D. To explain the reasons for protecting the environment.

D
The world climbs in population every year, meaning new parents enter the workforce daily. A wide variety of ideas change and adapt over time as people try to figure out what the “best” take on parenting is. Sadly, some parenting techniques have disastrous effects.
A common technique that leads to a difficult adult life by lowering confidence in children is negative parenting. Negative parenting tactics, such as lecturing, complaining, and yes, insulting can have a serious effect on your child’s behavior and activities later on in life. Clearly, being insulted and lectured multiple times a day by an authority figure can greatly affect a child’s confidence going into adulthood. It’s not surprising he’s hardly apt to actively seek out the companionship of others. Instead, his negative feelings toward himself cultivate a feeling of unworthiness around other children.
While negative parenting can affect a child’s mental state, helicopter parenting results in ill-prepared children in an ever growing competitive world. A helicopter parent is overly involved in the life of his or her child. Children who cannot regulate their emotions and behavior effectively are more likely to have a harder time making friends and to struggle in school. Another problem children with helicopter parents may have in the future is managing their health. Taking all of this information into account, helicopter parenting doesn’t allow the child to be independent, so once the child has grown up he or she will not be able to make a decision by himself or herself.
On the other side of the spectrum, permissive parenting leaves a child undisciplined for life. This style of parenting has a very loose structure and few rules; the parents usually show a lot of affection and love for their children. Therefore, permissive parenting is a type of parenting style characterized by low demands with high responsiveness. Because parents have low expectations of their children, and want to be friends rather than parents, kids suffer because of a lack of achievement and motivation to do well in what they do. Therefore, children have worse self-control and cannot follow rules. These are fundamental concepts that should be taught at a young age to prepare for adulthood. If done a certain way, the effects left from parenting can hurt an adolescent into adult years.
Overall, parenting really does affect how children grow and adapt to their world. Some parenting techniques lead to major problems that show in adulthood. The new parents of the world ought to be careful with how they raise their children.
1. What might be the influence on a child by negative parenting?
A. Affecting child’s mental state.
B. Improving a child’s confidence.
C. Cultivating a child’s worthiness.
D. Looking for the companionship of others actively.
2. What do helicopter parents usually do?
A. Expect too much of their child. B. Teach their child to manage health.
C. Make too many decisions for their child. D. Allow their child to do whatever he wants.
3. What does the author think of self-control and self-discipline?
A. Punishing. B. Suffering. C. Permissive. D. Essential.
4. What is the purpose of the author’s writing the passage?
A. To make comparison of parenting styles on children.
B. To highlight the importance of parenting styles on children.
C. To share the latest definitions of parenting styles on children.
D. To inform the readers of the new parenting styles on children.

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Today, we will get you started with the basics to help your houseplants live their best life.
Find your light
1 Different light levels are described as low, medium and bright. If you’re wondering what light level you have in your home, here’s a quick test: Hold your hand about a foot above where you want to put your plant. If it casts a shadow with clear lines, you’re working with bright light. If the lines of your hand look a little fuzzy (模糊), that’s medium light. 2 Overall, most houseplants are going to do well in medium or bright indirect light.
Pick a pot
When you bring a new plant home, it is much better to let it settle in the original pot. Over time, you might notice roots growing out of that drainage (排水) holes. 3 When you are upsizing your pot, a good rule is to increase the diameter (半径) by 2 inches each time. In addition, make sure the new container has a drainage hole in the bottom. Proper drainage is important. Otherwise, their roots will rot.
4
Overwatering is one of the most common ways people kill their houseplants. So, how do you know when to give it a drink?
One of the simplest ways is the finger test. Stick your finger a few inches into the soil and feel if it’s still wet. Different houseplants have different needs, but a general guideline is to water when the top 2 inches of soil are dry.
Never stick to “Every Sunday I water my plants”. 5
A. Water your plant properly.
B. Check the roots occasionally.
C. Low light is just enough light for you to read a book.
D. It should be whenever the soil itself needs to be watered.
E. Then it is time to find a bigger pot so its roots can expand.
F. The first thing you need to do is figure out the type of lighting you have.
G. Such measures will invite them to stay longer and help the plants grow better.

第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Cloze 15-Blanks Passage 469
Born with polio (小儿麻痹症), Ryder Killam started using a wheelchair at two. When he started kindergarten, Ryder had to be 1 75 feet to the end of the driveway to wait for the school bus every day. He had to 2 rain, wind, and snow while waiting for the bus, so his father Tim put up a patio umbrella (庭院伞) to provide some 3 from the elements. But it didn’t accomplish much unless it was just a rainy day with no 4 otherwise he still would get wet and not stay warm.
Tim 5 to the community for an old bus hut but no luck. Then he 6 a post on Facebook to see if someone could help build Ryder a new one. Dan McKena, who had been teaching construction technology, responded with an “ 7 ”. Three of Mr Mckena’s classes at Westerly High School 8 the project. They worked hard for numerous weeks, 9 by the cause and knowing that soon a 10 winter would be falling. On November 2, the hut was finally delivered to the home.
It was big enough to allow such great 11 for Ryder and an adult to be with him comfortably. Ryder’s first 12 was “Wow! Perfectly!” He loved it and wanted to hang out in it all the time. The family sent a photo of Ryder in the bus 13 and thanked Dan and his students for their hard work. The teens were extremely 14 to see just how their project has helped others. This project brought out community together a bit. It showed that there is still so much 15 in this world and town!
1.
A. driven
B. pushed
C. hidden
D. carried
2.
A. survive
B. observe
C. admire
D. battle
3.
A. decoration
B. experience
C. protection
D. entertainment
4.
A. snow
B. wind
C. fog
D. frost
5.
A. reached out
B. gave in
C. held on
D. set down
6.
A. found
B. sought
C. placed
D. answered
7.
A. absolutely
B. obviously
C. impossibly
D. incredibly
8.
A. completed
B. abandoned
C. launched
D. rejected
9.
A. shocked
B. confused
C. reminded
D. motivated
10.
A. hard
B. mild
C. dry
D. late
11.
A. variety
B. access
C. passion
D. treasure
12.
A. choice
B. action
C. decision
D. reaction
13.
A. station
B. company
C. shelter
D. seat
14.
A. excited
B. lucky
C. astonished
D. uncertain
15.
A. conflict
B. good
C. misfortune
D. fun

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mi Fu is a Chinese painter, poet, and calligrapher (书法家) in Xiangyang, Hubei during the Northern Song Dynasty. In painting he gains 1 (recognize) for his style of painting misty landscapes. This style is considered as the “Mi Fu” style and involves the use of large wet dots of ink 2 (apply) with a flat brush. His poetry is in the style of his own.
He is best known for his calligraphy, 3 he is regarded as one of the four 4 (great) calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty. His style arises from the styles of calligraphers in earlier dynasties, but with a unique style 5 his own.
As 6 famous calligrapher, Mi Fu was also considered as an eccentric (怪人). At times he 7 (call) “Madman Mi” because he was 8 (true) crazy about collecting stones. He even declared one stone to be his brother. He would bow to his rock “brother” 9 (display) respect for older brothers. His son, Mi Youren, is also a famous painter in his father’s artistic style. Unlike his father, Mi Youren lived to an older age, 20 (die) at the age of 79.

第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
某英文报正在开展主题为“Amazing Ancient Chinese Paintings”的征文活动，请写一篇短文投稿，推荐一幅你最喜欢的绘画作品。内容包括：
1.作品介绍；2.推荐理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thoa Bui was a local animal lover. She had rescued many animals over the years. When a sweet little cat was found alone next to her co-worker’s house, her heart broke. So Thoa wasted no time taking her into her home. Thoa recalled that this baby cat was “skinny, dirty and dying”.
Thoa named the cute cat, Rosie. Thoa was ready and willing to do whatever to save this small animal. The poor kitty was abandoned from her mother at such a young age, and Thoa was getting nervous that Rosie wouldn’t make it another night without eating properly. So, if Thoa herself couldn’t help Rosie feel safe enough, perhaps another animal could help. As soon as Thoa brought in her cherished pet, Lilo the husky (哈士奇), into the room, everything changed for Rosie.
Together, the two instantly shared a special bond. Lilo lay down with Rosie, and as the minutes went by, it was clear that Rosie felt even more secure and out of harm’s way. Lilo was never a mother. But it seems like her maternal instincts (母性) are incredibly strong! Lilo never left Rosie’s side for hours. Once Rosie finally felt safe from Lilo’s welcoming warmth and comfort, she started crying for food, and the little kitty tried sucking on Lilo to get some milk, as if she was Rosie’s mother.
“She knew that Rosie needed her. She accompanied her until she was better,” Thoa said, “It looks like both filled up a missing spot in each other’s heart.” Rosie felt secure with Lilo, and it was clear that Lilo felt the same with Rosie. Lilo laid by Rosie’s side for hours, and didn’t even get up to eat that night! Thoa had to actually bring Lilo’s food to her. But Thoa would have never expected what was going to happen next between the two lovely creatures.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, Thoa took Lilo out, leaving Rosie at home.


She decided to take out along with the two, Lilo and Rosie!



2023届新高考优等生拔高冲刺模拟检测
英语（五）答案详解
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
答案：1-5 BBACA 6-10 BCBCA 11-15 ABACA 16-20 BCACB
TEXT 1
M: How did you like the movie last night?
W: Considering its interesting name, I was expecting a much better film.
TEXT 2
M: How much do you spend on these albums?
W: Let me see. 35 yuan for the classical music and 65 yuan for the pop music. But I got a 10% discount.
TEXT 3
W: Should I take a taxi or a bus to the town centre?
M: You can take either, but the train goes directly there. It’s cheaper, too.
W: Thanks. I’ll take that instead.
TEXT 4
W: My neck has been bothering me for months. I need some help.
M: Do you have a pain on your neck?
W: Yes. And it’s getting worse when I try to turn it from side to side.
M: OK. Let me have a brief examination for you. Please sit straight.
TEXT 5
W: Good morning. Can I help you?
M: Yes. I’d like a single room.
W: How many nights do you plan to stay with us?
M: Two. I’ll be checking out Friday morning.
TEXT 6
M: Hey Iris, have you made a list of who’s coming to the dinner on Friday?
W: Yes, I have. I know eight people will come for sure. But I’m not sure about David and Becky. Are they coming?
M: Yes, they are. But I spoke to Henry this morning and he said that he’d be out on a business trip that day.
W: Really? I thought it was Sam who was going on the trip.
M: Oh, you’re right. I got confused between the two brothers.
TEXT 7
M: Hello, Foreign Student Adviser’s Office. Can I help you?
W: It’s Angela Tung here. I’d like to make a request for special leave. Can I do that over the phone?
M: Sure. Just a moment. Let me get the special leave form. OK. Which term do you want to take leave?
W: Term one.
M: Now can you tell me what the exact dates are?
W: I’d like to be away from May 31 to June 4.
M: So you’ll miss five working days between May 31 and June 4. Is that right?
W: Only three. I’ll be away over a weekend. I’ll be back at my classes on June 5, so that’s three days away.
TEXT 8
W: Dave, I’m going to work in Asia from the New York office.
M: Right. And they’re letting you choose which city, aren’t they?
W: Yeah. The only problem is that I don’t know much about Asia. You’ve worked in all our offices in Asia. Can you give me some advice?
M: Sure. Well, I think I started out in Bangkok.
W: What was that like?
M: Really interesting. There are amazing temples. It’s not expensive to live there.
W: What about Seoul? You worked there too, right?
M: Uh-huh. Though Seoul’s a rather big city, I always felt safe there, even late at night. I often went to the all-night market called Namdaemun.
W: And Singapore?
M: Well, Singapore isn’t very big but it’s very convenient to get round. And the food there is great.
W: Hmm... It’s not going to be easy to decide. They all sound great.
TEXT 9
M: Huh! This is an interesting article. It’s all about the history of schools. For example, in the old days, girls didn’t use to go to school. Only boys.
W: When did girls start going to school, then?
M: After 1870, all children between the ages of five and ten had to go to school. But they used to have separate playgrounds for boys and girls.
W: Really? What about the classrooms? What were they like?
M: Very boring, I think. They didn’t use to have any posters or anything on the walls, and the windows used to be really high up so the children couldn’t see outside.
W: Sounds awful! What about the teachers?
M: Well, the teachers were mostly single women. After women got married, they would stop teaching. Not many men taught either because the pay was very low.
W: So, you wouldn’t have been a teacher in those days, Dad?
M: No. They didn’t teach geography in those days, anyway.
W: What subjects did they teach?
M: Mostly reading, writing, and math.
W: What time did they start school?
M: School used to start at 9 a.m. and finish at 5 p.m. But they had a two-hour lunch break because everyone used to walk home for lunch.
TEXT 10
Anna Mary Robertson Moses, known as Grandma Moses, is among the most well-known painters of the United States in the 20th century, yet she had hardly started painting before she was in her late seventies. She was born on a farm in New York, one of five boys and five girls. At 12, she left home and worked as a housekeeper until she married Thomas Salmon Moses at 27. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York. Grandma Moses began to paint using oils in her old age because she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market, and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought every painting she painted. Three of those pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940, she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930s and her death, she produced some 1,600 pictures.

第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
【答案】ADC
【文意】四种可以减少室内污染的植物。
【解析】
1. 根据Snake Plant部分的Perfect for your bedroom, this plant...for people to breathe normally.（这种植物非常适合卧室，它的独特之处在于它在夜间释放氧气的能力。蛇形植物也能在密闭的室内产生足够的氧气供人们正常呼吸）可知，蛇形植物可以产生足够的氧气。故选A。
2. 根据最后一段This drought plant is good for beginners. It grows well in sunlight.（这种耐旱的植物适合初学者。它在阳光下长得很好）可知，红边龙血树在阳光下可以长得很好。故选D。
3. 通读全文，特别是第一段内容“家中缺少空气流通会导致室内空气污染，加剧健康问题。在购买一个昂贵的空气滤清器之前，你最好先尝试一些室内植物——它们便宜得多，看起来很好。”可知，文章提到的四种室内植物都可以减少室内污染。故选C。

B
【答案】CBBA
【文意】大学新生体重增加的原因及解决措施。
【解析】
1. 第三段Food becomes a way to exert control for many freshmen when they feel little control in many are as of their lives.(当许多新生在生活的许多方面都感觉不到控制时，食物成为他们施加控制的一种方式。)可知，许多大学新生把食物当做他们处理压力的一种方式。故选C。
2. 根据第二段Weight gain in the first year of college, often jokingly referred to as the "Freshman 15", is so common it has become a cliche(陈词滥调.(大学一年级的体重增加，通常被戏称为“大一15"，是如此普遍，已经成为陈词滥调。)及第三段Food becomes a way to exert control for many freshmen when they feel little control i n many areas of their lives.(当许多新生在生活的许多方面都感觉不到控制时，食物成为他们施加控制的一种方式。)可知，这些坏习惯是严重的问题。故选B。
3. 根据says Holland, "They have all new friends, academic demands, boy-girl relationships, and money worries."(霍兰德说。”他们有新朋友、学业要求、男女关系和金钱问题。”)可知，根据霍兰德所言，在大学新生当中，学业要求是一方面的压力的。故选B。
4. 根据最后一段Finally, don't stop exercising. Most schools have so me kind of student sports center, join it a nd get rid of your lazy habits!(最后，不要停止锻炼。大多数学校都有一些学生体育中心，加入其中并摆脱它你懒惰的习惯！)可知，大学新生可以参加篮球俱乐部来控制暴饮暴食。故选A。

C
【答案】ACDA
【文意】地球正面临的环境威胁，并且呼吁人们积极参与到保护环境的志愿活动中。
【解析】
1.A.段落大意题。通过文章第二段“heat waves, droughts and earthquakes are becoming the norm (热浪、干旱和地震正在成为常态。）"和"threatening the planet's biodiversity （威胁着地球的生物多样性）"以及"there are other problems: deforestation, pollution, water scarcity, illegal fishing and wildlife trade（毁林、污染、缺水、非法捕鱼和野生动物贸易。）"可知，本段主要介绍了地球正面临的威胁。故选A项。
2.C.推理判断题。通过文章第三段“Most people remain inactive, believing small changes won’t make a difference.（大多数人都不积极，认为小的改变不会有什么不同。）"可知，大多数人都认为个体无力改变大环境，从而推知，他们对于环境问题都袖手旁观。故选C项。
3.D.推理判断题。通过文章第五段“There are enough environmental volunteer opportunities that need your help and there's no time to waste! （有许多成为环保志愿者的机会，需要你的帮助，我们现在没有时间可以浪费了。）"可推知，目前的环境情况已经不容乐观，没有时间去浪费了，即没有比现在更好的时机了。故选D项。
4.A.习作目的题。通读全文，再根据文章首段“Volunteers are always needed to help with the different initiatives to protect the environment. （始终需要志愿者帮助开展各种保护环境的活动。）"以及第五段“There are enough environmental volunteer opportunities that need your help(有许多成为环保志愿者的机会，需要你的帮助。）"可推知，本文主要通过介绍地球正面临的环境威胁，呼吁人们积极参与到保护环境的志愿活动中。故选A项。

D
【答案】ACDB
【文意】介绍了三种不同的育儿方式对孩子的不良影响并将导致成年后出现问题，呼吁新手父母们应该注意如何抚养孩子。
【解析】
1.A.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 A common technique that leads to a difficult adult life by lowering confidence in children is negative parenting.（消极的教育方式会降低孩子的信心，从而导致他们的成年生活变得困难。）及第三段第一句前半部分While negative parenting can affect a child's mental state,（消极的教育方式会影响孩子的心理状态，）可知，A. Affecting child's mental state.（影响孩子的精神状态。）是消极育儿方式对孩子的影响，故选A.
2.C.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句A helicopter parent is overly involved in the life of his or her child. （直升机父母过度介入孩子的生活。）及最后一句helicopter parenting doesn't allow the child to be independent,so once the child has grown up he or she will not be able to make a decision by himself or herself.（直升机父母不允许孩子独立，所以一旦孩子长大了，他或她将无法自己做决定。）可知，C. Make too many decisions for their child.（为孩子做太多决定。）符合直升机父母的做法特征，故选C.
3.D.观点态度题。根据第四段Therefore,children have worse self-control and cannot follow rules. These are fundamental concepts that should be taught at a young age to prepare for adulthood. （因此，孩子的自制力较差，不能遵守规则。这些基本概念应该在年轻时就被教导，为成年做准备。）可以看出作者使用了 fundamental"基本的"表明了对自我控制和自我约束的态度，结合选项A. Punishing惩罚的；B. Suffering苦难的；C. Permissive宽容的；D. Essential必备的。D. Essential"必备的"与 fundamental"基本的"相符合，故选D.
4.B.写作意图题。文章第一段最后一句 Sadly,some parenting techniques have disastrous effects.（可悲的是，一些育儿技巧会带来灾难性的影响。）引出了下文对三种错误教育方式的介绍，但作者并没有将这三者做对比，故A项To make comparison of parenting styles on children.（比较儿童的教养方式。）错误；C. To share the latest definitions of parenting styles on children.（分享最新的儿童养育方式的定义。）和D. To inform the readers of the new parenting styles on children.（让读者了解新的儿童养育方式。）文章均未涉及；根据最后一段内容：父母教养确实会影响孩子的成长和适应他们的世界。一些育儿技巧会导致成年后出现的主要问题。世界上的新父母应该注意他们如何抚养孩子。可以看出作者是想强调父母教养方式对孩子的重要性。故选B.

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
【答案】FCEAD
【文意】室内养花时需要注意的地方
【解析】
1.根据本节的标题Find your light及空后“Different light levels are described as low, medium and bright.(不同的光线水平被描述为低等、中等和明亮)”可知，空格处应引出下文对灯光分类的描述；选项F. The first thing you need to do is figure out the type of lighting you have.(首先，你应该清楚自家室内的光照类型)正好衔接下文。故选F。
2.根据上文“If it casts a shadow with clear lines, you’re working with bright light. If the lines of your hand look a little fuzzy(模糊), that’s medium light.(如果它投射的阴影线条清晰，你在用强光工作。如果你手上的线看起来有点模糊，那就是中等亮度的光)”可知空前谈到室内光线分三类，而且空前已经谈了两类，所以空格处应是谈对于弱光照的判断；选项C. Low light is just enough light for you to read a book.(弱光的强度只够你读书)正好承接上文。故选C。
3.根据上文“When you bring a new plant home, it is much better to let it settle in the original pot. Over time, you might notice roots growing out of that drainage holes.(当你刚买来一盆新花，最好让它待在原来的花盆里。随着时间的流逝，你会注意到根慢慢从排水口伸出来)”可知，刚买来的花不要急着换花盘。等到花根从排水孔钻出来后再换大一点的盆，这样便于根延展，选项E. Then it is time to find a bigger pot so its roots can expand.(这时，就该换一个大一点的盆，这样的话根才能伸展)。故选E。
4.根据下文“Overwatering is one of the most common ways people kill their houseplants. So, how do you know when to give it a drink?(过度浇水是人们杀死室内植物的最常见方式之一。所以，你怎么知道什么时候该浇水)”以及下文的描述可知，本小节主要是谈浇花，空格处在副标的位置，所以应概括本小节的主要内容——适当给花浇水；选项A. Water your plant properly.(给花适当浇水)概括本小节主要内容。故选A。
5.根据上文“Never stick to “Every Sunday I water my plants”.(不要坚持“我每周天浇水”)”可知，空前谈到浇水时间不要太刻板，比如必须到星期天才浇水，所以空格处应填什么时候浇水；选项D. It should be whenever the soil itself needs to be watered.(土壤需要浇水的时候就应该浇水)承接上文。故选D。

第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】BDCBA CACDA BDCAB
【文意】坐轮椅的莱德需要候车亭来遮风避雨，教建筑技术的丹·麦凯纳组织自己的学生为他制作了一个，这彰显出这个世界和城市存在着善行与美好
【解析】
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当莱德开始上幼儿园时，他每天都要被推到车道尽头75英尺的地方等校车。A. driven驾驶，驱赶；B. pushed推；C. hidden隐藏；D. carried提，搬。根据上文“Ryder Killam started using a wheelchair at two.”和句中“to the end of the driveway to wait for the school bus”可知，坐轮椅的莱德需要被推去等校车。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等公共汽车的时候，他不得不冒着雨、风和雪，所以他的父亲蒂姆在院子里撑了一把伞，为他提供一些保护。A. survive活下来，幸存；B. observe注意到，观察到；C. admire钦佩，仰慕；D. battle与……作战，和……斗争。根据上文可知，坐轮椅的莱德需要在车道尽头等校车，结合常识可知，等待的过程中会遭遇各种恶劣天气，即“与各种恶劣天气斗争”。故选D项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在等公共汽车的时候，他不得不冒着雨、风和雪，所以他的父亲蒂姆在院子里撑了一把庭院伞，为他提供一些保护。A. decoration装饰，装饰品；B. experience经历，遭遇；C. protection保护，防护；D. entertainment娱乐，娱乐表演。根据句上“his father Tim put up a patio umbrella (庭院伞)”可知，父亲撑了一把庭院伞的目的是给莱德遮风避雨，提供一些保护。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这并没有多大作用，除非是一个没有风的雨天，否则他还是会被淋湿，无法保暖。A. snow雪，积雪；B. wind风，气流；C. fog雾；D. frost霜。根据句中“otherwise he still   would get wet and not stay warm.”可知，如果遇到风雨天，尽管撑了一把庭院伞，莱德还是会被淋湿。所以除非是一个没有风的雨天，否则庭院伞是没有多大作用的。故选B项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：蒂姆向社区求助，想要一间旧候车亭，但运气不太好。A. reached out伸出，寻求帮助；B. gave in屈服；C. held on不挂断电话，等一下；D. set down放下。根据句中“to the community for an old bus”可知，父亲向社区寻求帮助。故选A项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他在Facebook上发了一个帖子，看看是否有人能帮莱德造一个新的。A. found找到，发现；B. sought寻找；C. placed放置，登(广告等)；D. answered回答。根据句中“a post on Facebook”可知，父亲在Facebook登了一个求助贴。故选C项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一直教授建筑技术的丹·麦凯纳回复说“当然”。A. absolutely(强调同意或允许)当然；B. obviously显然，显而易见；C. impossibly不可能地；D. incredibly难以置信地。根据下文“Three of Mr Mckena’s classes at Westerly High School　　8　　 the project. They worked hard for numerous weeks”可知，丹·麦肯纳答应帮助蒂姆造一个候车亭，所以他给出的是肯定的回答。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦凯纳先生在韦斯特利高中的三个班级发起了这个项目。A. completed完成；B. abandoned抛弃；C. launched启动；D. rejected拒绝。根据下文“They worked hard for numerous weeks”可知，麦凯纳先生的三个班开始着手制造候车亭，启动了这个项目。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们为这一目标而努力工作了好几个星期，他们知道严酷的冬天很快就要来临。A. shocked使震惊，使惊愕；B. confused使糊涂，使迷惑；C. reminded提醒；D. motivated激励，成为……的动机。根据句中“cause”和上文可知，学生们知道他们是在帮助坐轮椅的莱德制造候车亭，这是一种值得为之付出的慈善行为，所以是这一目标(cause)激励着他们。故选D项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们为这一目标而努力工作了好几个星期，他们知道严酷的冬天很快就要来临。A. hard(季节，天气)严酷的，凛冽的；B. mild不严重的，轻微的；C. dry干的；D. late晚的，迟的。根据句中“winter”可知，凛冽的寒冬即将到来，所以他们需要抓紧时间。故选A项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它足够大，可以让莱德和一个成年人舒服地和他呆在一起。A. variety多样化，变化；B. access(使用或见到的)机会，权利，使用；C. passion激情，热情；D. treasure财富。根据句中“big enough”可知，候车亭很大，足够让莱德和一个成年人一起使用。故选B项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱德的第一反应是“哇!完美!”。A. choice选择；B. action行动；C. decision决定；D. reaction反应。根据句中“Wow! Perfectly!”可知，这是莱德看到候车亭的反应。故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人寄了一张莱德在候车亭的照片，并感谢丹和他的学生们的辛勤工作。A. station车站；B. company公司；C. shelter遮蔽物，庇护处；D. seat座位。根据上文可知，候车亭是用来给莱德遮风避雨的，所以是“庇护处”。故选C项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些少年非常兴奋地看到他们的项目如何帮助了别人。A. excited激动的，兴奋的；B. lucky幸运的，走运的；C. astonished十分震惊的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据句中“to see just how their project has helped others.”可推知，学生们看到自己制作的候车亭真正帮助到了莱德，他们会感到激动和兴奋。故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这表明，这个世界和这个城市还有很多美好的东西!。A. conflict争执，争论；B. good正直的行为，善行；C. misfortune厄运，不幸；D. fun乐趣。根据上文可知，麦凯纳先生和他三个班的学生免费为莱德制作了候车亭，这一行为表明这个世界和这个城市还是存在着美好的东西，存在着善行。故选B项。

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【答案】
1. recognition
2. applied
3. and
4. greatest
5. of
6. a
7. was called
8. truly
9. to display
10. dying
【文意】北宋伟大的画家、诗人和书法家米芾的艺术风格和趣闻轶事
【解析】
1.recognition 考查词形转换。空处作gains的宾语，要用名词，所以空处填recognition。gain recognition“获得认可”。
2.applied考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处所在分句的谓语动词是involves, apply在句中为非谓语,与被修饰词wet dots of ink之间为动宾关系，所以空处填applied。
3.and考查连词。空前空后皆为句子，空处应为连词。前半句“他以书法著称”和后半句“他被认为是北宋四大书法家之一”之间为并列关系，所以空处填and。
4.greatest考查形容词最高级。此处考查固定表达“one of + the +数词+形容词最高级”，意为“……之一”，所以空处填greatest。
5.of考查介词。此处考查固定表达of one’s own,意为“某人自己的”，所以空处填of。
6.a考查冠词。根据句意“作为一个著名的书法家”可知,此处应用不定冠词, 表泛指，且famous的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填a。
7.was called 考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。call在句中作主句的谓语，又结合语境可知,此处是在讲发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；根据句意“他被称为‘米疯子’”可知，空处表被动，应用被动语态；又主语he为第三人称单数，所以空处填was called。
8.truly 考查副词。此处修饰后面的形容词crazy，应用副词，所以空处填truly。
9.to display考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,would bow在句中为谓语, 空处应为非谓语。又根据句意”他会向自己的石头兄弟鞠躬以示对哥哥的尊重”可知，此处表目的，所以空处填to display。
10.dying考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知lived在句中为谓语，空处应为非谓语,且与逻辑主语Mi Youren之间为主谓关系，所以空处填dying。

第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
One possible version:
My favorite painting is Along the River During the Qingming Festival, one of the most admired Chinese paintings in the world. It was painted on a silk scroll by Zhang Zeduan during the Northern Song Dynasty. The painting’s great appeal is that it shows us how ordinary people lived at that time. It is now placed as a national treasure in the Palace Museum. It is not only a true work of art but also gives us a real insight into daily life in ancient China. There is no doubt that it is one of the most amazing ancient Chinese paintings.

第二节 (满分25分)
One possible version:
One day, Thoa took Lilo out, leaving Rosie at home. Just like any other house cat, Rosie must prefer staying at home, Thoa thought. However, several weeks after coming back home. Thoa noticed that the ever abandoned little kitty, which had just gained warmth and love in her eyes, seemed obviously sad once again. It is said that separating a baby animal from its owner or mother is even crueler than you leave it alone on the street. So is the case with Rosie. Then Thoa thought of a creative but crazy idea.
She decided to take out along with the two, Lilo and Rosie! In spite of the fact that people definitely considered them crazy and ridiculous. Thoa still made up her mind to do that. She said “basically whatever I do with Lilo. I bring Rosie along.” They weren’t just best friend. Actually, Rosie looked up to Lilo and started learning how to live her best with Lilo. With time going by, the ever poor fragile kitten gradually came to life, becoming fearless and strong.