2022-2023学年重庆市巴蜀中学高二下学期第一次月考英语试题含解析

  2024届高二(下)学月考试

英语试卷

第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the man do next?

A. Finish his drink. B. Prepare for the party. C. Talk with the woman.

2. Where is Mr. Davies now?

A. On his way to office. B. In his office. C. At home.

3. What does the man think of the woman’s worry?

A. It’s reasonable. B. It’s unnecessary. C. It’s unthinkable.

4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?

A. In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.

5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. High labor costs in America.

B. A way of life in America.

C. Living conditions in America.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Neighbors. B. Strangers. C. Colleagues.

7. How much money can the woman give the man?

A. £1.20. B. £1 C. £0.20.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8. Why does the man like traveling by train?

A. He thinks it is safe.

B. He can meet different people.

C. He can enjoy the scene outside.

9. What does the woman dislike about traveling by train?

A. The speed. B. The noise. C. The platform.

10. Why is the man upset?

A. He has lost a long e-mail for his friend.

B. He has lost an E-mail from his friend.

C. He has quarreled with his friend.

11. What happened to Jack last month?

A. He lost his mother’s necklace.

B. He lost 200 dollars when shopping online.

C. He was cheated by a seller online.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

12. Whom was Jack asked to get help from?

A. The express company clerk. B. The seller. C. The policeman.

13. How did the woman get the news?

A. From a doctor. B. From a biology teacher. C. From a newspaper article.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

14. How should one react when facing a lion?

A. Stand still. B. Run fast. C. Climb on a tree.

15 Why didn’t anyone help the British student?

A. The lions had already run away.

B. The attack happened too suddenly.

C. No one heard him call for help.

16. How does the company avoid paying compensation if a lion attack happens?

A. They take their clients to court.

B. They hire professional trip guides.

C. They ask their clients to sign legal papers.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。   

17. How did the speaker go to the Waterside Shopping Center last week?

A. By train. B. By coach. C. By car.

18. What can people do on the third level?

A. Choose shoes. B. Have meals. C. Withdraw money.

19. What advice does the speaker give to people who will go to the center?

A. Collect money before going there.

B. Arrive there earlier on weekends.

C. Ask for a map at the information desk.

20. What is one of the disadvantages of the Waterside Shopping Center?

A. There are few rubbish boxes.

B. The lunch in the cafe is awful.

C. The salespeople there are unfriendly.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

What is spring break?

Between tests and after-school activities, we all deserve a much-needed pause from school to relax and regroup. Entering spring break, a glorious week set aside in the middle of the semester for students to take time off and unwind.

When is spring break 2023?

The dates of spring break 2023 vary from school to school, but most take place in March or April. You can check your school’s calendar to see when spring break 2023 is scheduled.

How long is spring break?

Again, the length of spring breaks differ across the country. A majority are just one week, but some spring breaks (mostly among colleges and universities) are two weeks long.

What should I do over spring break 2023?

Spring break 2023 will be here before you know it, but that means you should start planning if you want to travel. Looking to escape the cold? Booking a trip somewhere beachside or poolside, taking advantage of spring skiing, snowboarding, or other late-winter activities. There are many, many options. Staycations are also perfect for connecting with fam and friends, binge-watching a new series on Netflix, planning a local museum trip, picking up a new hobby, going for a hike, or finally making a dent in your TBR list. Super scholars might take this time to prepare and get ahead on their studies. If college year is fast-approaching, you could even plan some college tours and arrange in-person visits to some of the campuses on your list.

Happy spring break!

1. What date is most possible in spring break of 2023?

A. February 12. B. May 15.

C. January 25. D. April 8.

2. What does the article advise a soon-to-graduate high school student to do?

A. To try many leisure options to unwind.

B. To do the assignment and review the lesson.

C. To pay a visit to the future colleges in person.

D. To have a perfect staycation with family and friends.

3. Where can you probably see this passage?

A. An instructive website. B. A school’s calendar.

C. A financial magazine. D. A travel brochure.

【答案】1. D    2. C    3. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了春假有关的信息，同时就2023年春假给与了指导。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章“When is spring break 2023?(2023年春假是什么时候?)”部分内容“The dates of spring break 2023 vary from school to school, but most take place in March or April.(2023年春假的日期因学校而异，但大多数都在3月或4月)”可知，大多数春假的日期在3月或4月，选项D“April 8.(April 8.)”符合原文表达。故选D项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章“What should I do over spring break 2023?(2023年春假我该做什么?)”部分内容“If college year is fast-approaching, you could even plan some college tours and arrange in-person visits to some of the campuses on your list.(如果大学学年即将来临，你甚至可以计划一些大学之旅，并安排亲自参观你名单上的一些校园)”可知，文章建议即将高中毕业的学生在春假期间亲自参观未来的大学校园。故选C项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章各段小标题“What is spring break?(什么是春假？)”，“When is spring break 2023?(2023年春假是什么时候?)”，“How long is spring break?(春假有多长时间？)”以及“What should I do over spring break 2023?(2023年春假我该做什么?)”可知，文章主要介绍了春假，并对2023年的春假给与了指导意见。由此可推知，这篇文章来自教育性网站。故选A项。

B

People tend to loathe pigeons for the way they mess up parked cars or flock to food wastes on the sidewalk. But the truth is that more than 300 species of wild pigeons have been found on the earth, many of which are quite impressive.

“Pigeons are biological marvels,” says Rosemary Mosco, author of A Pocket Guide to Pigeon Watching. “They make milk for their young. They can take off almost vertically. They see colors we can’t, hear sounds we can’t, and find their way across hundreds of miles using mechanisms we don’t fully understand,” she says. “They’re the world’s most overlooked birds.”

Interestingly, both pigeons and doves are members of the Columbidae family, and while the term ‘pigeon’ tends to be applied to larger species and ‘dove’ to smaller ones, Mosco notes in her illustrated field guide that there is barely scientific or evolutionary distinction to either group.

There’s also evidence wild pigeons were a staple food source for Neanderthals, and later humans, beginning at least 67,000 years ago. What is more well known is the pigeon’s invaluable service of long-distance communication for many different civilizations, from the ancient Romans to Genghis Khan.

“For much of their history, they signified wealth and power,” says Mosco. “They were flying Ferraris.” In some parts of the world, the fastest pigeons still fetch mind-boggling sums. In 2020, a single racing pigeon named New Kim was sold for around $1.9 million in a Belgian auction (拍卖).

With pigeons everywhere we look in urban life, it may be difficult to imagine a world without pigeons. But even these adaptable birds are not immune to extinction.

4. Which word can replace “loathe” in paragraph 1?

A. Hate. B. Chase.

C. Observe. D. Analyze.

5. Why are pigeons called “biological marvels”?

A. They can only take off in a vertical way.

B. They can make milk for young children.

C. They have abilities beyond human’s imagination.

D. They have a tendency to be overlooked by humans.

6. What do we know about pigeons and doves?

A. Pigeons and doves have distinct origins.

B. Pigeons are used to carry large sums of money.

C. Scientifically speaking, little difference exists between them.

D. Pigeon’s service of long-distance communication isn’t valuable.

7. What might be illustrated about pigeons in the following paragraphs?

A. Pigeons in urban areas around the world.

B. Examples of how adaptable pigeons can be.

C. Basic facts about pigeons’ immune system.

D. Pigeons becoming an endangered species.

【答案】4. A    5. C    6. C    7. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以人们习以为见的鸽子为话题，讲述了鸽子的特性，尤其是人们难以想象的一些能力和科普知识，在城市生活中，鸽子无处不在，可能很难想象没有鸽子的世界。但即使是这些适应性强的鸟类也不能幸免于灭绝。

【4题详解】

词义猜测题。根据后文的原因“for the way they mess up parked cars or flock to food wastes on the sidewalk(因为它们把停着的汽车弄得一团糟，或者成群结队地吃人行道上的食物垃圾)”可知，鸽子做出的是一些不好的行为，因此，人们会讨厌鸽子。因此可推知，“loathe”应是与选项A“Hate.(讨厌，厌恶。)”表达含义一致。故选A项。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“‘They make milk for their young. They can take off almost vertically. They see colors we can’t, hear sounds we can’t, and find their way across hundreds of miles using mechanisms we don’t fully understand,’ she says. (“它们为幼崽分泌鸽乳。它们几乎可以垂直起飞。它们能看到我们看不到的颜色，能听到我们听不到的声音，还能利用我们不完全理解的机制在数百英里之外找到路。”)”可知，鸽子有为分泌鸽乳的能力，垂直起飞的能力，看到人类看不到的颜色，听到人类听不到的声音以及找到路的能力，这些能力都是人类无法想象的，因此被称为“生物学上的奇迹”。故选C项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Mosco notes in her illustrated field guide that there is barely scientific or evolutionary distinction to either group(Mosco在她的插图野外指南中指出，这两个群体几乎没有科学或进化上的区别)”可知，“pigeons”和“doves”虽是两个群体，但从科学方面或进化方面来说几乎没有区别。故选C项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章末尾段末尾句内容“But even these adaptable birds are not immune to extinction.(但即使是这些适应性强的鸟类也不能幸免于灭绝。)”可推知，后文应是会讲到鸽子也面临着灭绝的危机。故选D项。

C

Microsoft is reportedly delighted with OpenAI’s ChatGPT, a natural-language artificial-intelligence program capable of generating text that reads as if a human wrote it. Taking advantage of easy access to finance over the past decade, companies and venture-capital funds invested billions in an AI arms race, resulting in a technology that can now be used to replace humans across a wider range of tasks. This could be a disaster not only for workers, but also for consumers and even investors.

The problem for workers is obvious: there will be fewer jobs requiring strong communication skills, and thus fewer positions that pay well. Cleaners, drivers, and some other manual workers will keep their jobs, but everyone else should be afraid. Consider customer service. Instead of hiring people to interact with customers, companies will increasingly rely on generative AIs like ChatGPT to comfort angry callers with clever and soothing words. Fewer entry-level jobs will mean fewer opportunities to start a career.

Consumers, too, will suffer. Chatbots may be fine for handling entirely routine questions, but it is not routine questions that generally lead people to call customer service. When there is a real issue – like an airline coming to a standstill or a pipe bursting in your basement – you want to talk to a well-qualified, empathetic professional with the ability to tackle problems. You do not want to be put on hold for eight hours, but nor do you want to speak immediately to a talkative but ultimately useless chatbot.

Today, the predictive power of algorithms (算法) should be used to help people, rather than to replace them. If AIs can offer recommendations for human consideration, the ability to use such recommendations wisely will be recognized as a valuable human skill. Unfortunately, these opportunities are being neglected. Everyone is focused on using AI to cut labor costs, with little concern not only for the immediate customer experience but also for the future of American consumption power.

8. What kind of employees are most likely to lose their jobs?

A. City cleaners. B. Taxi drivers.

C. Delivery men. D. Telephone operators.

9. What’s disadvantage of a chatbot?

A. It can’t handle realistic problems.

B. It needs real persons to operate on it.

C. It doesn’t have ability to comfort customers.

D. It can’t cope with routine questions well enough.

10. What is author’s attitude towards AI-based products?

A. Delighted but suspicious.

B. Concerned and negative.

C. Supportive but cautious.

D. Neutral and indifferent.

11. Which is the best title for the story?

A. What’s Wrong with ChatGPT?

B. Dangerous ChatGPT:Troublemaker.

C. What’s ChatGPT?

D. Future of AI Has Come.

【答案】8. D    9. A    10. B    11. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 ChatGPT带来的一些问题。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段前两句“The problem for workers is obvious: there will be fewer jobs requiring strong communication skills, and thus fewer positions that pay well. Cleaners, drivers, and some other manual workers will keep their jobs, but everyone else should be afraid. (工人们面临的问题很明显：需要强大沟通技巧的工作岗位将会减少，因此薪资高的职位也会减少。清洁工、司机和其他一些体力劳动者将保住他们的工作，但其他人应该感到害怕。)”可知，清洁工、司机和劳动者会保住自己的工作，而在需要沟通技巧岗位上的可能会失去工作。故D项“电话接线员”很有可能失去工作。故选D项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“When there is a real issue – like an airline coming to a standstill or a pipe bursting in your basement – you want to talk to a well-qualified, empathetic professional with the ability to tackle problems.(当出现真正的问题时——比如一家航空公司陷入瘫痪或你地下室的管道爆裂——你想要和一个合格的、有同理心的、有能力解决问题的专业人士谈谈。)”可知，聊天机器人无法解决一些现实问题。故选A项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“This could be a disaster not only for workers, but also for consumers and even investors. 这不仅对工人来说是一场灾难，对消费者甚至投资者来说也是一场灾难。)”，第四段第一句“Today, the predictive power of algorithms (算法) should be used to help people, rather than to replace them.(今天，算法的预测能力应该被用来帮助人们，而不是取代他们。)”和最后一句“Everyone is focused on using AI to cut labor costs, with little concern not only for the immediate customer experience but also for the future of American consumption power.(每个人都专注于使用人工智能来削减劳动力成本，不仅很少关心眼前的客户体验，也很少关心美国未来的消费能力。)”可知， 作者对基于AI的产品的态度是担忧的、消极的。故选B项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段最后一句“Fewer entry-level jobs will mean fewer opportunities to start a career.(入门级工作越少，开启职业生涯的机会就越少。)”，第三段最后一句“You do not want to be put on hold for eight hours, but nor do you want to speak immediately to a talkative but ultimately useless chatbot.(你不想等待8个小时，但你也不想立即与一个健谈但最终无用的聊天机器人交谈。)”以及第四段第二、三句“If AIs can offer recommendations for human consideration, the ability to use such recommendations wisely will be recognized as a valuable human skill. Unfortunately, these opportunities are being neglected. (如果人工智能可以提供建议供人类考虑，那么明智地使用这些建议的能力将被视为一种有价值的人类技能。不幸的是，这些机会被忽视了。)”可知，文章主要介绍了ChatGPT 的一些问题。A项“What’s Wrong with ChatGPT? (ChatGPT有什么问题?)”概括全文，可以作为标题。故选A项。

D

Now, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has approved two drugs that may slow the cognitive decline destroying the lives of millions of Alzheimer’s patients.

But both approvals are highly controversial. They were only based on the drugs’ ability to remove plaques (斑块), which were thought to be the underlying cause of the disease. Also, the drugs are expensive, can cause adverse side effects, and may have modest benefits. Some experts argue that the treatment benefits don’t clearly outweigh the risks.

For years, getting rid of plaques has been the primary focus of researches and drug development. But the approvals have aroused a debate over whether this is the best way to attack the disease. Many scientists note that the result so far is just two drugs with limited efficiency, and they have called for far more funding to look for other theories.

The drug the FDA approved last week, known as Lecanemab, is the first to show evidence of slowing cognitive decline in clinical trials. The other drug, known as Aducanumab, was shown to remove plaques, but was not proven to arrest the loss of cognitive ability. But Lecanemab’s promise has been clouded by the death of three patients in an extension of the study.

Matthew Schrag, a neurologist, thinks that the benefits are modest at best. The researchers used an 18-point clinical dementia rating scale to assess a patient’s memory and problem solving skills among other aspects of cognitive and functional performance; the higher the score, the worse the dementia. Those on Lecanemab scored 1.21 whereas those taking the placebo(安慰剂) averaged 1.66, which shows that those taking the drug experienced 27 percent less cognitive decline.

“The question is whether the average patient in a clinic would notice that benefit,” Schrag says. “I don’t think they would.” More importantly, it’s the drug’s safety that concerns him. “I think we’re just beginning to see the tip of the iceberg with the risks.” Schrag and others are not convinced they are central to delaying or arresting disease progression.

12. What can make the approvals controversial?

A. The drugs’ low price.

B. The drugs’ benefits of improving cognition.

C. The drugs’ effects.

D. The drugs’ ability to cause plaques.

13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4?

A. Lecanemab’s future is promising.

B. The two drugs are beneficial to Alzheimer.

C. Few money are needed to seek alternative theories.

D. Aducanumab can arrest the loss of cognitive ability.

14. Which of the following statements may Matthew Schrag agree with?

A. A large quantity of risks is waiting for us to explore.

B. Average patients can notice the benefits unquestionably.

C. Scientists are central to delaying the disease progression.

D. Patients receiving Lecanemab lost 27 percent of their cognitive ability.

15. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The limited efficiency of two new drugs.

B. Researches conducted to test two new drugs.

C. The potential dangers Alzheimer’s patients face.

D. Matthew Schrag’s distinctive insight of the Alzheimer.

【答案】12. C    13. B    14. A    15. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了这两种在治疗效果方面富有争议的阿尔茨海默病药物。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准药物是依据药物在去除斑块方面的能力，但是，药物很贵，可能会引起不良的副作用。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“They were only based on the drugs’ ability to remove plaques…Also, the drugs are expensive, can cause adverse side effects, and may have modest benefits.(他们只是基于药物去除斑块的能力……而且，这些药物很贵，可能会引起不良的副作用，可能有不太多的好处。)”可知，药物的许可只是基于其去除斑块的能力，但是，药物很贵，可能有不良副作用，也可能带来不太多的好处，因此可知，让批准引起争议的地方在于药物的效果。故选C项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“The drug the FDA approved last week, known as Lecanemab, is the first to show evidence of slowing cognitive decline in clinical trials. The other drug, known as Aducanumab, was shown to remove plaques, but was not proven to arrest the loss of cognitive ability.(美国食品药品监督管理局上周批准的药物Lecanemab是第一个在临床试验中显示出减缓认知能力下降的证据。另一种被称为Aducanumab的药物被证明可以去除斑块，但没有被证明可以阻止认知能力的丧失。)”可知，Lecanemab在临床测试中显示出了减缓认知能力下降的证据，而Aducanumab则被证明可以去除斑块，由此可推知，这两种药物对患有阿尔茨海默的病人是有用的。故选B项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容Matthew Schrag 的话“I think we’re just beginning to see the tip of the iceberg with the risks.(我认为我们只是开始看到风险的冰山一角。)”可知，在他看来，目前只是看到了药物带来的风险的一小部分，因此可推知，选项A“A large quantity of risks is waiting for us to explore.(大量的风险等待着我们去探索。)”的论述应是他赞同的。故选A项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段内容“Now, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has approved two drugs that may slow the cognitive decline destroying the lives of millions of Alzheimer’s patients.(现在，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准了两种药物，这两种药物可能会减缓认知能力下降，从而摧毁数百万阿尔茨海默病患者的生活。)”提出了文章核心话题“两种被批准的帮助阿尔茨海默病的药物”，且结合关键句“But both approvals are highly controversial.(但这两项批准都极具争议。)”“Also, the drugs are expensive, can cause adverse side effects, and may have modest benefits.(而且，这些药物很贵，可能会引起不良的副作用，可能有不太多的好处。)”可知，文章主要讲述了这两种在治疗效果方面富有争议的阿尔茨海默病药物。选项A“The limited efficiency of two new drugs.(两种新药的疗效有限。)”贴合主旨。故选A项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

For some travelers, a catamaran (双体船) sail off Oahu, Hawaii, or a camel ride through the desert in Morocco isn’t an enviable vacation experience. It’s an encounter with nausea, dizziness, and cold sweats. Motion sickness like this can happen to almost anyone, including children and dogs._____16_____

The easiest way to overcome motion sickness is to prevent it from happening in the first place._____17_____You can either open a window in the car, turn on the air vent above you on the plane, or head to the deck on a cruise ship.

“And be careful what you eat when you travel,” says Bubka. Anything that upsets your stomach on dry land—eating too much (or too little), drinking excessive amounts of alcohol or caffeine—could be amplified by motion.

“Do everything you can to be sure your view isn’t blocked,” says Natascha Tuznik, a doctor who specializes in travel medicine at the University of California Davis.

“_____18_____Sitting in the front seat of the car where you can see the road can be also helpful.” Closely watching what’s coming helps your eyes and inner ears cooperate more quickly with other bodily functions. .

_____19_____The Puma Method, developed by a flight surgeon to serve airsick pilots, uses yoga-like stretches and angular movements to build up anti-nausea conditioning. A 2020 study at England’s University of Warwick found that, after doing 15-minute visual and spatial training exercises (finding hidden objects in puzzles, folding paper), many subjects didn’t get sick when taken for car rides.

“_____20_____” says Cherchi. “The disadvantage is that they can lead to considerable discomfort, at least initially.”

A. Breathtaking view can make you less sick.

B. Here’s what travelers can do to prevent it.

C. You can look at the horizon if you’re out to sea.

D. Keeping fresh air flowing while traveling is advisable.

E. The advantage is that these approaches don’t require medication.

F. Yoga is recommended if someone wants to overcome motion sickness.

G. Physical or mental exercises can also help train humans to be less motion sick.

【答案】16. B    17. D    18. C    19. G    20. E

【解析】

【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了预防晕动病的措施。

【16题详解】

下文第二段“The easiest way to overcome motion sickness is to prevent it from happening in the first place. (The easiest way to overcome motion sickness is to prevent it from happening in the first place.)”以及第三段“And be careful what you eat when you travel (旅行时要注意吃什么)”说明的是预防晕动病的措施，因此B项“以下是旅行者可以采取的预防措施”概括全文，故选B。

【17题详解】

下文“You can either open a window in the car, turn on the air vent above you on the plane, or head to the deck on a cruise ship. (你可以打开汽车的窗户，在飞机上打开上方的通风口，或者在游轮上前往甲板)”说明语乘坐的交通工具有关的空气方面的注意事项，因此D项“旅行时保持新鲜空气流通是可取的”符合语境，故选D。

【18题详解】

下文“Sitting in the front seat of the car where you can see the road can be also helpful. (坐在汽车的前排座位上，在那里你可以看到道路，这也很有帮助)”说明的是与视野有关的话题，因此C项“如果你出海，你可以看看地平线”符合语境，故选C。

【19题详解】

上文“The Puma Method, developed by a flight surgeon to serve airsick pilots, uses yoga-like stretches and angular movements to build up anti-nausea conditioning.  (彪马方法是由一位飞行外科医生为晕机飞行员开发的，它使用瑜伽般的伸展和角度运动来建立抗恶心的条件。)”说明通过训练来克服晕动病，因此G项“身体或心理锻炼也有助于训练人类减少晕动病”概括段意，故选G。

【20题详解】

下文“The disadvantage is that they can lead to considerable discomfort, at least initially. (缺点是它们会导致相当大的不适，至少在最初是这样。)”说明优点和缺点，因此E项“优点是这些方法不需要药物治疗”符合语境，故选E。

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

As physician Michael Shannon drove, a semitruck had suddenly pulled onto the road in front of him. The physician had no time to_____21_____. “I can remember the sound of breaking glass, and then everything stopped.” he recalls. After that, he knew he had to get out fast. But he was_____22_____.

Help arrived almost instantly. Paramedic (急救护理人员) Chris Trokey could immediately see how urgent it was. The whole front end of the car was_____23_____under the body of the semi.

After 20 minutes’ tense_____24_____, Trokey sat with him in the back of an ambulance._____25_____, the paramedic began to_____26_____the crash victim’s name: Michael Shannon. He wondered whether this could be the same man who had_____27_____his own life 30 years ago, when he was a preemie (早产儿) and arrived at the very same_____28_____they were headed to with a life-threatening high temperature; the doctor who slept by Trokey’s side in the hospital until he was_____29_____enough to go home. At this moment, the feeling of______30______grew stronger.

Shannon recognized Chris’s name at once, too. Although he has______31______more children than he can remember, it’s the ones who need him most who______32______in his mind. Both men are amazed at the______33______. They say this feeling—of having someone enter your life at a (an) ______34______time and watch over you until you are well, of giving a gift______35______expectations and then getting it back when you need it most—has given them faith in a higher power.

21. A. prepare B. think C. react D. wonder

22 A. pinned B. stopped C. interrupted D. lost

23. A. fixed B. folded C. tied D. spread

24. A. separation B. observation C. transport D. rescue

25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Meanwhile

26. A. reflect on B. look for C. track down D. turn up

27. A. cherished B. risked C. valued D. saved

28. A. home B. hospital C. office D. clinic

29. A. well B. relieved C. relaxed D. fortunate

30. A. belonging B. recognition C. loss D. responsibility

31. A. transformed B. owned C. educated D. treated

32. A. fail B. stick C. leave D. appear

33. A. relationship B. friendship C. connection D. satisfaction

34. A. dangerous B. bright C. sensible D. critical

35. A. beyond B. with C. without D. in

【答案】21. C    22. A    23. B    24. D    25. D    26. A    27. D    28. B    29. A    30. B    31. D    32. B    33. C    34. D    35. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了急救护理人员Chris Trokey救治了三十年前救治过他的医生Michael Shannon的故事。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生没有时间做出反应。A. prepare准备；B. think认为；C. react反应；D. wonder想知道。 根据上文“a semitruck had suddenly pulled onto the road in front of him”可知，医生没有时间做出反应。故选C项。

【22题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他不能动弹。A. pinned使不能动弹；B. stopped停止；C. interrupted打扰；D. lost丢失。根据下文“The whole front end of the car was _____3_____ under the body of the semi.”可知，他不能动弹。故选A项。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽车的整个前端都折叠在半挂车的车身下面。A. fixed修理；B. folded折叠；C. tied捆；D. spread传播。根据上文“a semitruck had suddenly pulled onto the road in front of him”可知，汽车的整个前端都折叠在半挂车的车身下面。故选B项。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过20分钟的紧张救援，Trokey和他一起坐在救护车的后面。A. separation分离；B. observation观察；C. transport运输；D. rescue营救。根据上文“Help arrived almost instantly”可知，经过20分钟的紧张救援。故选D项。

【25题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，医护人员开始思考车祸受害者的名字：迈克尔·香农。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore 因此；D. Meanwhile同时。与此同时，医护人员开始思考车祸受害者的名字。故选D项。

【26题详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：与此同时，医护人员开始思考车祸受害者的名字：迈克尔·香农。A. reflect on反思；B. look for寻找；C. track down追踪到；D. turn up出现。根据下文“He wondered”可知，与此同时，医护人员开始思考车祸受害者的名字。故选A项。

【27题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他想知道，这个人是否就是30年前救了自己一命的那个人，当时他还是早产儿，因为危及生命的高烧的原因，他们去了同一家医院。A. cherished珍视；B. risked冒险；C. valued 重视；D. saved挽救。根据下文“his own life 30 years ago”以及“doctor”可知，他想知道，这个人是否就是30年前救了自己一命的那个人故选D项。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想知道，这个人是否就是30年前救了自己一命的那个人，当时他还是早产儿，因为危及生命的高烧来到了他们要去的同一家医院。A. home家；B. hospital医院；C. office办公室；D. clinic诊所。根据常识可知，高烧已经危及生命，所以要去医院就医。故选B项。

【29题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位医生一直陪伴在特罗基身边，直到他康复回家。A. well健康的；B. relieved释然的；C. relaxed放松的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据“enough to go home”可知，直到他康复回家。故选A项。

【30题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：此时此刻，认出是救他命的医生的感觉越来越强烈。A. belonging财产；B. recognition认出；C. loss损失；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“hannon recognized Chris’s name at once”可知，认出是救他命的医生的感觉越来越强烈。故选B项。

【31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他治疗的孩子比他记忆中的要多，但他脑海中浮现的却是那些最需要他的孩子。A. transformed变形；B. owned拥有；C. educated教育；D. treated治疗。根据上文“As physician Michael Shannon”可知，他治疗的孩子比他记忆中的要多。故选D项。

【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他治疗的孩子比他记忆中的要多，但他脑海中浮现的却是那些最需要他的孩子。A. fail失败；B. stick粘贴；C. leave离开；D. appear出现。医生脑海中浮现的却是那些最需要他的孩子。故选B项。

【33题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都对这种联系感到惊讶。A. relationship关系；B. friendship友谊；C. connection联系；D. satisfaction满意。根据上文的叙述以及下文“this feeling”可知，两人都对这种联系感到惊讶。故选C项。

【34题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们说，这种感觉——有人在你生命的关键时刻进入你的生活，照顾你直到你康复，不期望任何回报，然后在你最需要的时候把关爱拿出来——让他们相信有一种更高的力量。A. dangerous危险的；B. bright明亮的；C. sensible明智的；D. critical批评的;关键的。根据上文Chris Trokey受到了Michael Shannon的帮助以及Chris Trokey对事故中Michael Shannon的护理可知，人在你生命的关键时刻进入你的生活。故选D项。

【35题详解】

考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们说，这种感觉——有人在你生命的关键时刻进入你的生活，照顾你直到你康复，不期望任何回报，然后在你最需要的时候把关爱拿出来——让他们相信有一种更高的力量。A. beyond超越；B. with和；C. without没有； D. in在……里。根据上文“the doctor who slept by Trokey’s side in the hospital until he was _____9_____ enough to go home.”可知，有人在你生命的关键时刻进入你的生活，照顾你直到你康复，不期望任何回报。故选C项。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 432 B.C., as the cities of Athens and Sparta_____36_____(battle) in a war, a deadly illness swept through Athens,_____37_____(strike) fear and panic into her citizens. The disease reached Athens via the port city of Piraeus and spread throughout Greece and the eastern Mediterranean, killing almost a third of its population, even the great leader then, 66-year-old Pericles_____38_____(include). It seemed the only thing for the citizens to do was_____39_____they had to wait to die.

_____40_____(protect) the people of Athens, when the pandemic just broke out, Pericles ordered the Athenians to move within the city’s newly built ‘long walls’, but it was when the real nightmare began. This gave the disease the perfect conditions_____41_____the pandemic could more quickly infect more of the Athenian population.

In the history Of Greece, the ancient Greek historian Thucydides, who fell victim to the disease and survived, wrote that “people in good health were attacked_____42_____(severe) all of a sudden by violent heats in the head, and redness and inflammation in the eyes, the inward parts, such as the throat or tongue, becoming bloody and emitted an unnatural and fetid breath”. Despite_____43_____(write) evidence of the disease, its cause is still unknown. Possibilities might be_____44_____we call typhoid fever and Ebola nowadays.

Months later, the disease finally became less intense and for a brief period the Athenians were relieved, but it would strike twice more, forcing Athens to yield to Sparta in 404 BCE and ending Athens’ rule in ancient Greece. The history of mankind_____45_____ (consist) of plenty of battles of fighting against epidemics, which can change history itself in turn.

【答案】36. were battling   

37. striking   

38. included   

39. that    40. To protect   

41. where    42. severely   

43 written   

44. what    45. consists

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了历史上雅典人们抗击病毒的故事。

【36题详解】

考查过去进行时。句意：公元前432年，雅典和斯巴达的城市正在一场战争中交战，一场致命的疾病席卷了雅典，恐惧和恐慌席卷了雅典的市民。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合时间“In 432 B.C.”及“in a war,”可知，此处表示战争正在发生，所以用过去进行时，主语是the cities of Athens and Sparta谓语动词用复数形式。故填were battling。

【37题详解】

考查现在分词作状语。句意同上。分析可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为状语，表示“这场致命的疾病席卷雅典带来的结果”，句子主语“a deadly illness”和动词“strike”为主谓关系，所以填现在分词，故填striking。

【38题详解】

考查过去分词。句意：这种疾病通过港口城市 Piraeus 传播到雅典，并扩散到希腊和地中海东部，导致该国近三分之一的人口死亡，甚至包括当时的伟大领袖，66岁的Pericles被包含在内。分析可知，“66-year-old Pericles　　　(include)”为独立主格，名词Pericles和动词include为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词included。故填included。

【39题详解】

考查表语从句。句意：似乎市民们唯一能做的就是等死。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为表语从句，空后的内容句意完整，成分齐全，所以空处使用连接词that，故填that。

【40题详解】

考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了保护雅典人民，当大流行刚刚爆发时，Pericles命令雅典人在城市新建的“长城”内迁移，但那是真正的噩梦开始的时候。分析句子可知，逗号前的所有内容在句中为目的状语，表示“Pericles ordered the Athenians to move within the city’s newly built ‘long walls’”的目的，所以空处用不定式，因处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填To protect。

【41题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：这为这种疾病提供了完美的条件，使大流行能够更迅速地感染更多的雅典人口。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为conditions，在从句中作状语，所以用关系副词where，故填where。

【42题详解】

考查副词。句意：在希腊历史上，古希腊历史学家修昔底德(Thucydides)曾是这种疾病的受害者并幸存下来，他在书中写道：“健康的人突然遭到头部剧烈发热、眼睛发红和发炎的严重袭击，喉咙或舌头等内部部分变得血淋淋，并散发出不自然的恶臭。”副词修饰动词attacked，所以此处用副词severely，作状语。故填severely。

【43题详解】

考查非谓语。句意：尽管有书面证据表明这种疾病，但其病因仍然不明。空处在句中为定语，修饰名词evidence，与名词为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词written，作为形容词，作定语，故填written。

【44题详解】

考查表语从句。句意：可能就是我们现在所说的伤寒和埃博拉。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为表语从句，动词call缺少间接宾语，表示“……东西”，应用连接代词what，故填what。

【45题详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类历史上有许多抗击流行病的战斗，这些战斗可以反过来改变历史本身。短语：consist of“由……组成”，无被动形式，分析可知，本句表示客观事实，时态用一般现在时；句子主语“The history of mankind”为单数含义，所以空处用单数，故填consists。

第四部分写作(共三节，满分50分)

第一节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

根据首字母或中文意思，填入一个教材选择性必修一Unit 5与选择性必修二Unit 1中的恰当的单词，每空限填一个词，注意所填单词的正确形式。

46. Their statements are apparently_________(矛盾的), which made us feel confused.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)

【答案】contradictory

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的陈述显然是矛盾的，这使我们感到困惑。根据汉语提示可知，此处用形容词contradictory，作表语，故填contradictory。

47. We all may envision beautiful things but beauty itself is_________ (抽象的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

【答案】abstract

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们都可以想象美丽的事物，但美本身是抽象的。抽象的为abstract，作表语。故填abstract。

48. The moment I heard their offer, my_________ (最初的) reaction was to decline it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

【答案】initial

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我听到他们的提议时，我的第一反应是拒绝。表示“最初的”用形容词initial，空处在句中作定语，修饰名词reaction，故填initial。

49. After discussion, we put forward a_________ (具体的) and practical strategy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

【答案】concrete

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：过讨论，我们提出了一个具体可行的策略。具体的为concrete，作定语。故填concrete。

50. We need fearless courage and calmness to tackle diverse_________ (危机) in life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

【答案】crises

【解析】

【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们需要无畏的勇气和冷静来应对生活中的各种危机。危机为crisis，可数名词，因其前有diverse修饰，用复数crises。故填crises。

51. You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to d_________.(根据首字母单词拼写)

【答案】digest##igest

【解析】

【详解】考查动词。句意：饭后你应该留出一点时间去消化食物。根据动词不定式的标志“to”及句意可知，空处需填动词原形，digest作动词，表示“消化，吸收”符合句意。故填digest。

52. I am a man with a strong family concept, who was born and raised in a c_________ family. (根据首字母单词拼写)

【答案】conventional##onventional

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：我是一个有着强烈家庭观念的人，在一个传统的家庭中出生和长大。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填形容词conventional作定语。故填conventional。

53. Turning off domestic appliances before going to sleep can reduce energy c_________.(根据首字母单词拼写)

【答案】consumption##onsumption

【解析】

【详解】考查名词。句意：睡觉前关掉家用电器可以减少能源消耗。结合句中“Turning off domestic appliances before going to sleep ”可知，睡觉前关掉电器可以减少能源消耗，energy consumption“能源消耗”，根据首字母提示，此处用名词consumption，故填consumption。

54. In my ideal world there will be no p_________ and disease, and everyone will lead a rich and healthy life. (根据首字母单词拼写)

【答案】poverty##overty

【解析】

【详解】考查名词。句意：在我的理想世界里，没有贫穷和疾病，每个人都会过上富足和健康的生活。根据句中“everyone will lead a rich and healthy life”可知，人们都过上富足和健康的生活，即这个世界里没有贫穷和疾病，根据首字母提示可知，此处用名词poverty，故填poverty。

55. The two consecutive earthquakes of magnitude 7.8 in Turkey g_________ a large amount of energy release, which were equivalent to the explosion of 1000 atomic bombs. (根据首字母单词拼写)

【答案】generated ##enerated

【解析】

【详解】考查时态。句意：土耳其连续发生的两次7.8级地震产生了大量的能量释放，相当于1000枚原子弹的爆炸。根据句意和首字母以及“were”可知，空处填过去式generated。故填generated。

第二节(满分15分)

56. 假定你是李华，你观赏了今年重庆除夕夜的烟火表演(firework display)。请给你英国的网友Jim写一封信，分享这次烟花秀。信的内容必须包括：

1.你的感受；

2.希望烟火秀能每年办下去及你的理由。

注意：

1.词数80 左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jim,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【答案】Dear Jim,
    I’m delighted to hear from you that reads you are keen on the Chinese Tradition. Now, I'm writing to tell you one: firework display.
    The performance fell on the Eve of the Spring Festival. It was really fantastic and wonderful. Enjoying this fireworks show, I was not only shocked, but also excited. The various elements displayed in the performance were fully demonstrated the strength of our country and the happy life of the people. I was really proud to have seen this feast with my own eyes.
    In my opinion, I hope it can be held every year, because through this kind of performance, it can let people enjoy the pleasant times, and at the same time, let people welcome the new year.
Yours,
Li Hua

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国的网友Jim写一封信，分享你观赏的今年重庆除夕夜的烟火表演。

【详解】1. 词汇积累

高兴的：delighted → pleased

对……感兴趣：be keen on → be interested in

发生：fall → happen

感到惊讶的：shocked → surprised

2. 句式拓展

合并简单句

原句：The performance fell on the Eve of the Spring Festival. It was really fantastic and wonderful.

拓展句：The performance, which was really fantastic and wonderful, fell on the Eve of the Spring Festival.

【点睛】【高分句型1】

 Enjoying this fireworks show, I was not only shocked, but also excited. （运用了现在分词作状语）

【高分句型2】

In my opinion, I hope it can be held every year, because through this kind of performance, it can let people enjoy the pleasant times, and at the same time, let people welcome the new year.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句）

第三节(满分25分)

57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It is not a new thing to be told to ‘adopt pets don’t shop’ since this concept is gradually becoming more well known. Yet, equally important is that owners should think thoroughly before they even adopt one.

I adopted a street cat a couple of months ago. It was a one-year-old cat in a cat shelter that really had my empathy. He was named SingCi — a ginger patched tabby cat. My mom and I almost fell in love with him at the first sight. He was a good looking, healthy boy who was found on the street along with his cage and all his toys in front of a flower shop. According to the flower shop owner, the poor cat was docile and calm for the first day of his abandonment. Random pedestrians who walked past were able to pet him. However, days after he realized his owner would never come and pick him up, he became so stressed that he turned super aggressive.

It was a tough period living with him. Nobody could approach him. Not even when it’s feeding time. He was constantly angry and would attack whoever opened his cage. I had to wear protective gloves even when I was just giving him his meals. He would rather wait until everyone distanced themselves before he began feasting. Even when he did, he growled and hissed while eating, watching out at the same time for anyone who might come close.

One day, I decided to open the cage and feed him outside. He growled again and without any warning, he scratched me on the back of my right hand and drew blood. Despaired and furious, I threw him back into the cage hard, screaming, “You, son of Devil! Get back to the street!” I picked up the cage and intended to head out.

注意: 1.续写词数应为150 左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Are you truly ready for him? You need some strategies.” Mom stopped me.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Months later, SingCi eventually got used to having people around him.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】    “Are you truly ready for him? You need some strategies.” Mom stopped me. Hearing my mother’s words, I was deeply in thought, “What I am doing now is something like the anger I once put to my mom.” Every time I lost my temper, she would comfort me and tries her best to make me pleased, which helped me a lot and changed me into a temper-controlled guy. It occurred to me suddenly that I had to help the poor creature. I apologized to him and carried the cage back, feeding him again while standing beside him. (84)
     Months later, SingCi eventually got used to having people around him. Every time he was served to have his meal, he would sat still, waiting. After all was ready, he would start to enjoy and sometimes sounded pleasantly. Besides, he would come to me and play with me, with his fur rubbing me. I felt greatly moved and excited. I knew what I did to the poor creature finally paid off. I thought to myself that I would have SingCi companied me in the later life.(75)

【解析】

【导语】文章以猫为线索展开。几个月前，我收养了一只流浪猫，它只有一岁，身上有着姜黄色虎斑猫。我和妈妈几乎对它一见钟情。据花店老板说，这只可怜的猫在被遗弃的第一天就表现得温顺而平静。而当它意识到它的主人永远不会来接它，它变得非常具有攻击性。没人能接近它，即使是喂食时间。接下里在和这只猫相处的时间里，我体会到这只猫的厉害。一天，在我给它喂食时，它咆哮起来，毫无征兆地抓伤了我的右手，我绝望又愤怒。我拿起笼子，准备把它连同笼子一起扔掉。

【详解】1. 段落续写

①根据第一段首句“你真的准备好迎接他了吗？你需要一些策略。”妈妈阻止了我。”可知，接下来的内容可以描述我思考妈妈的话，想到之前让妈妈生气的时候，妈妈帮我的场景。我顿时知道要怎么做了。

②根据第二段首句“几个月后，SingCi 终于习惯了身边有人。”可知，接下来的段落可以描述SingCi改变后的样子：它和我一起玩，用毛蹭我，这让我感觉到我的付出得到了回报。

2. 续写线索

提醒我——回忆——意识错误——道歉——习惯了有人的时候——具体表现——感悟

3. 词汇激活

行为类

①发脾气：lose one’s temper/get angry/fire off one’s anger

②安慰：comfort/console/soothe

③帮助：help/aid/assist

情绪类

①深深地：deeply/profoundly/strongly

②感动的：moved/touched

【点睛】【高分句型1】

What I am doing now is something like the anger I once put to my mom.(运用了主语从句)

【高分句型2】

Every time I lost my temper, she would comfort me and tries her best to make me pleased, which helped me a lot and changed me into a temper-controlled guy. (运用了时间状语从句和非限制性定语从句)

听力答案1-5 AABCB 6-10 BCABA 11-15 CACAB 16-20 CCBCA