高中英语高考北京专用2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法填空课件

这是一份高中英语高考北京专用2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法填空课件，共60页。

第一部分 语言知识运用专题一 语法填空
高考英语 (北京市专用)
A组　自主命题·北京卷题组(2019北京)AOn the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I　1    (voice)my biggest concern to my mother,“How will I make friends?” She handed me advice,“Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and be-come part of the real world. Nervously　2    (face)challenges, I know I will whisper to　3    (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.BEarth Day,　4    (mark)on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about en-
vironmental protection. First celebrated　5    1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in vari-ous　6    (activity)on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question　7    (suggest)that, for most students, it doesn’t. What students do at college seems to matter much more than　8    they go. The students benefitting most from college are those　9    are totally engaged(参与)in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and　10    (meaning)college experience.
答案    A[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与自我。本文有助于提升学生自身素养,拥有正确处理问题的能力。本文记述了作者从自己一年级的经历中学到:在面对困难时,要做好自己。1.voiced　考查时态。根据上文On the first day of my first grade可知此处是指发生在过去的事情,故用一般过去时。2.facing　考查现在分词。句意:当紧张地面对挑战的时候,我知道我将低声对自己说这两个简单的词“Be yourself”。现在分词facing作状语,解释说明在什么情况下说“Be yourself”。3.myself　考查反身代词。此处指低声对自己说,句子的主语和宾语指同一个人,故设空处应该填myself。B[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自然。本文旨在提升学生的环保意识。文章介绍了地球日,并且倡议我们每个人尽一份力,让我们的地球变得更好。4.marked　考查过去分词。marked为过去分词,在句中作定语,说明地球日被庆祝的时间。
5.in　考查介词。句意:地球日首次庆祝于1970年,现在它包括在190多个国家和地区举办的活动。具体在哪一年用介词in。6.activities　考查名词。句意:无论你想做什么,在地球日这一天,都有一种参与各种活动的方式。根据句中various可知,设空处应用名词的复数形式。C[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自我。文章提到大学生在大学期间怎么做,做什么很重要,积极参加大学的各种活动会让学生受益匪浅。7.suggests/suggested/has suggested　考查时态。句意:对这个问题的研究表明,对大部分学生来说无所谓。根据it doesn’t可知是现在的情况,故suggest用一般现在时或现在完成时,但该从句所表达的是客观事实,故主句谓语动词用一般过去时也可以。8.where　考查名词性从句。句意:学生们在大学里所做的事似乎要比他们上哪所大学重要得多。设空处引导宾语从句,该从句缺少地点状语,故填where。9.who/that　考查定语从句。句意:从大学中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活,同时充分利用大学机会和资源的人。设空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,指代学生,故此处填关系代词who或that。
10.meaningful　考查形容词。为健康且有意义的大学经历做必要的准备,越早越好。college experience 是名词短语,应该用形容词来修饰,且设空处所填词和healthy并列,故设空处应用meaning的形容词形式meaningful。
长难句　The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged in academ-ic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources.从大学中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活,同时充分利用大学机会和资源的人。这是一个主从复合句。主句是The students benefitting most from college are those。those 是先行词,who are totally engaged in academic life是定语从句。taking full advantage of the college?s chances and resources为现在分词短语作状语,补充说明学生所做的活动。
B组  统一命题、省(区、市)卷题组
Group 1Passage 1(2019课标全国Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfound-land. While they are rare north of 88̊, there is evidence 　1     they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 　2     (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 　3     tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 　4     (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 　5     (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 　6     (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 　7     (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 　8     (high) than they actually are. Of 　9     nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six　10     (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文,主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为人与动物。文章介绍了北极熊的分布区域和北极熊数量的变化情况。1.that　考查同位语从句。虽然在北纬88度以北很少见到北极熊,但是有证据表明它们在整个北极地区活动,向南甚至远到加拿大的詹姆斯湾。设空处引导同位语从句,说明evidence的内容,该从句不缺少任何成分,所以要用that引导。2.poorly　考查副词。因为对许多区域调查得不够充分,所以很难计算出全球北极熊的数量。设空处单词修饰动词studied,故用其副词形式poorly。3.of/for　考查介词。现代化的跟踪调查北极熊数量的方法在20世纪80年代中期就开始被采用。methods of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。4.to perform　考查不定式。这些方法大面积持续使用起来,费用很高。sth. be+adj.+to do,其中不定式作状语,与sth.是动宾关系。5.have reported　考查动词时态和主谓一致。最近几年,生活在Nunavut的一些因纽特人报告说他们在人类居住区周围看到北极熊的次数增加了。设空处是句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语In recent years可知,时态为现在完成时,主语some Inuit people为复数形式,故填have reported。
6.belief　考查名词。这些报告使人们相信北极熊的数量正在增长。设空处作leading to的宾语,且前面有不定冠词a修饰,故用所给动词的名词形式belief。7.noting　考查非谓语动词。科学家们对此作出了回应,他们指出饥饿的北极熊可能正在人类的定居点附近聚集。设空处作介词by的宾语,故用v.-ing形式,即by doing sth.通过做某事。8.higher　考查比较级。这就造成了北极熊数量比它们实际数量要多的错觉。根据空后的than可知,此处要用形容词的比较级形式higher。9.the　考查冠词。句意:在被认出来的19个北极熊亚群中,有3个数量在降低,有6个是稳定的,1个在增加,还有9个缺少足够的数据。设空处在本句中表示特指,故填定冠词the。10.are　考查时态和主谓一致。根据设空处前后与本空并列的谓语动词的时态可知,本空需用一般现在时;主语是six(subpopulations),故填are。
长难句　While they are rare north of 88̊, there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.虽然在北纬88度以北很少见到北极熊,但是有证据表明它们在整个北极地区活动,向南远到加拿大的詹姆斯湾。这是一个主从复合句。while引导的是让步状语从句,that引导同位语从句,说明evidence的内容。
Passage 2(2019课标全国Ⅱ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 　1     (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 　2     she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 　3     (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 　4     (declare) she had no plans     5     (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 　6     (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 　7     because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We don’t have any idea who put Grandma forward. When we got a call 　8     (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was　9     joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 　10     (wonder).”
答案    [语篇解读]　本文是记叙文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为社区生活和生命的意义与价值。文章介绍了90岁的英国全职员工Irene Astbury坚持每天朝九晚五地在自己和丈夫开的宠物店上班而荣获“年度女性”称号的感人故事。本文旨在培养学生热爱劳动、终生奉献的高尚劳动观。1.being　考查非谓语动词作介词宾语。句意:一位90岁的老人因为是英国最年长的全职雇员而被评为“年度女性”。她仍然一周工作40个小时。设空处作前面介词for的宾语,故此处需填名词或动名词形式。又因所给词为be,故应填其动名词形式being。2.which　考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the pet shop。将先行词代入定语从句后为:She opened the pet shop with her late husband Les.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作宾语,且指“事物”,故填which。3.finally　考查副词。句意:在一位客户提名她为柴郡的年度女性之后,她多年的努力工作终于得到了认可。根据文章中的句子结构可知,设空处修饰谓语动词,作状语,需要用所给词的副词形式。故填finally。
4.declared　考查时态。本句为主从复合句。设空处作proud Irene的谓语动词。后面的she had no plans...为宾语从句。根据上下文可知,设空处的谓语动词应该用一般过去时,故填declared。5.to retire　考查非谓语动词作定语。设空处作前面名词plans的定语。名词plan, ability等后面多用不定式作定语。故填to retire。6.have made　考查时态。句意:我喜欢到这里来看我的家人和我多年来交的所有朋友。friends后为定语从句。根据后面的时间状语over the years可知,设空处应该用现在完成时,故填have made。7.but　考查连词。句意:我工作不是因为我必须工作,而是因为我想工作。根据句子意思可知,设空处与前面的not构成“not...but...”(不是……而是……)结构。故填but。8.saying　考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:当我们接到一个说她入围了的电话时,我们认为这是个玩笑。设空处作a call的后置定语。名词call与动词say之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词saying,相当于which said。9.a　考查冠词。joke为可数名词,意为“玩笑”,在此处表示泛指,故填a。10.wonderful　考查形容词作表语。设空处作前面系动词is的表语,表示It的特征,故填wonderful。
Passage 3(2019课标全国Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining 　1     hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 　2     (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 　3     dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 　4     had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 　5     (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 　6     (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 　7     (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 　8     (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 　9     (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 　10     (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会交往。作者一行人冒雨来到了游玩的目的地。在这里作者受到了主人的热情接待。本文旨在培养学生的文化意识。1.so　考查副词。此处为“so+adv.+that...”结构,意为:如此……以至于……,其中that引导结果状语从句。2.to get　考查非谓语动词。It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.做某事花费(某人)多长时间。故填to get。3.of　考查介词。首先迎接我们的是一群狗的叫声。a pack of dogs一群狗。4.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词their masters。将先行词代入定语从句后为:Their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.由此可知关系词在从句中作主语,所以要用关系代词who。5.recommended　考查动词的时态。设空处与前面的shared是并列连词and连接的两个并列的谓语动词,也应用一般过去时。
6.competition　考查名词。设空处作know of的宾语,结合空前的an interesting可知,此处应该用所给词的名词形式competition。7.traditional　考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词,故用所给词的形容词形式traditional。8.hugely　考查副词。设空处修饰后面的形容词,故用程度副词hugely。9.were invited　考查动词的时态和语态。设空处是句子的谓语动词,由语境可知时态应为一般过去时,该动作与主语we之间是被动关系,故填were invited。10.listening　考查非谓语动词。设空处在此处作状语,表示伴随状况。该动作与主语we之间在逻辑上是主动关系,故填listening。另外,由此处与and后的meeting的并列关系也可快速判断出此处应用现在分词形式。
高级语块　can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事
长难句　When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an in-teresting competition to watch, together with the story behind it.在他们不工作的时候,他们会邀请我们去参加一些当地的活动,让我们了解了一项观看起来非常有趣的比赛,还有这项比赛背后的故事。本句是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句;主句中由并列连词and连接两个并列的谓语动词invited和let。
Group 2Passage 1(2018课标全国Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years　1    (long)than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long　2    (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of　3    (die)early by running.While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it　4    (be)more effective at lengthening life　5    walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014　6    showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all　7    (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to　8    (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always　9    (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give　10    a try.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文。文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处。1.longer　句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比非跑步者的寿命要长3年。根据题干中的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式,故填longer。2.to see　句意:你不必为了弄清跑步带来的好处而跑得很快、很久。本题考查非谓语动词。由句意可知,此处在句中作目的状语,主语you与动词see为主动关系,故填不定式的主动式to see。3.dying    句意:你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重,但你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的危险。本题考查非谓语动词。介词(of)后需用动名词形式作宾语,根据提示词die可知设空处填dying。4.is    句意:虽然经常跑步不可能使你长生不老,但报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比,跑步对延长寿命更有效。本题考查主谓一致和时态。设空处所在从句被用来介绍一种理论,需用一般现在时;再根据主语it及提示词be可知设空处填is。5.than　本题考查介词。根据题干中的“more effective”可知设空处需填介词than,意为“比”。
6.that/which　句意:该报告的其中两名作者在2014年还发表了一项研究,这项研究表明每天只跑步5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。本题考查定语从句。先行词为study,指“物”;将先行词代入定语从句后为:The study showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and...由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。7.causes　本题考查名词的“数”。cause作“原因”讲,为可数名词;根据设空处前的all可知设空处填名词复数形式,故填causes。8.strengthen　句意:为了避免膝盖疼痛,你可以在柔软的地面上跑步、锻炼以增强你的腿部肌肉……。设空处作目的状语,需用不定式形式,故在不定式符号to后填动词原形strengthen。9.energetic　设空处作表语,表示主语的特征,故填形容词energetic。10.it/running　句意:如果你时间不充裕,你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的收益,因此或许我们都应该试一试跑步。设空处作give的宾语,需填名词或代词,因此用it代替上文中的running或直接填running作宾语。
Passage 2(2018课标全国Ⅱ)Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country　1    (grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over　2    past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is　3    (actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice　4    (improve)water quality. Corn uses less water　5    rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run-off. This switch has decreased　6    (pollute)in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total　7    (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government　8    (start) a soil-testing program　9     gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while　10    (feed)its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。自2011年以来,随着中国人的饮食结构的变化,在中国种植玉米的数量显著增加,而种植水稻的数量下降了。1.has grown　句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。本题考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown。2.the　句意:在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。本题考查冠词。over the past 25 years在过去的25年里。3.actually　句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米有很重要的一个作用就是,用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。本题考查副词。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually。4.to improve　句意:玉米产量增长的另一个原因是:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来提高水质。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此处“提高水质”为鼓励农民种玉米的目的,故使用动词不定式作目的状语。
5.than　句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。本题考查介词。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故使用介词than。6.pollution　句意:这种变化已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更安全了。本题考查名词。空格处作decreased的宾语,故使用pollute的名词形式pollution。7.global　句意:根据世界银行的统计,中国占了全球化肥总消耗量的大约30%。本题考查形容词。空格处作fertilizer consumption的定语,故使用globe的形容词形式global。 8.started　句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。本题考查时态。关系副词when=in 2005,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。9.that/which　本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为program,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故使用关系代词that或which。10.feeding    本题考查非谓语动词作状语。名词China和动词feed构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词作时间状语。
长难句　Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has in-creased only 7 percent. 在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。本句中while为并列连词,连接两个并列分句,表示对比,意为 “然而,而”。
Passage 3(2018课标全国Ⅲ)I’m not sure　1    is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at　2    top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the　3    (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid　4    (look)directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel　5    (challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a　6    (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching　7    these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find　8    (they)alive. True to gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal　9    (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying:“I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!”Once his message was delivered, he allowed me　10    (stay)and watch.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己和大猩猩的近距离接触。尽管大猩猩表现得很凶猛,但它们并非是好斗的动物。1.who　此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。本题考查宾语从句。“　　    is more fright-ened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,故填who。2.the　句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。本题考查冠词。at the top of one?s lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。3.loudest　句意:它尖叫的声音最大。本题考查副词最高级。根据句意及本句中的“of all”可知设空处填副词最高级,故填loudest。4.looking　句意:我迅速弯下身,低下头以避免直视它的眼睛以便它不会感到受到了挑战。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。动词avoid后须用动名词形式作宾语且look与主语I为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词looking。5.challenged　本题考查非谓语动词作表语。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词形式challenged。
6.scientist　句意:我是研究猿和猴子等动物的科学家。本题考查名词。设空处作表语,说明主语的身份;根据提示词science可知填scientist。7.for    句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。本题考查动词短语。search for为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。8.them　本题考查代词。设空处指代从句中的the gorillas,以避免重复,故填them。9.meant　句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。本题考查时态。根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填meant。10.to stay　句意:一旦它的信息传递了,它就允许我待在那里观察(它们)。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。allow后须加不定式作宾补;又因为宾语me与stay为逻辑上的主动关系,故填to stay。
A组  2017—2019年高考模拟·考点基础题组
Group 1Passage 1(2019北京西城一模)AI often help my mom cook and baked chicken is my favorite thing to make. One day, when Mom was sick, I tried to make the chicken all by myself. I washed the chicken and put it in a pan in the oven　1    (bake). When the bell rang to tell me the chicken was done, I opened the oven door. Guess what? The chicken was not cooked! I started to laugh. I forgot to turn　2    the oven! Did you know what I did next? I　3    (order) pizza. Mom was happy I “cooked” by myself and we could eat the pizza together.BChocolate was first used as a drink over 3,500 years ago in Central America. It was very popular with the Mayans and the Aztecs. In fact, cocoa beans were very important to people there. That was　4    they were used as money. In the beginning, cocoa　5    (plant) in Ecuador, which was,
for a long time, the world’s number-one producer of cocoa beans. It is still one of the top　6    (producer) of the beans, but nowadays more than 70 per cent of cocoa beans come from West Africa. CWallace’s giant bee is the world’s　7    (large) bee, with a body the size of a human thumb and wings that can spread to about 2.5 inches. This may sound　8    (frighten), but the bee isn’t likely to hurt anyone. It uses its large jaws (嘴) to collect a sticky goo, called resin, from trees. The bee    9    (make) its home in termite mounds (白蚁丘) found on trees, using the resin to protect its nest from the termites. Until recently, the bee had been seen by scientists only　10    (two), once in 1868 and again in 1981.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲述了妈妈生病,作者自己做烤鸡却忘记打开烤箱开关,最后点了比萨饼的故事;B篇介绍了可可豆及其产地;C篇介绍了世界上体型最大的蜂——华莱士巨蜂。1.to bake　句意:我把鸡肉洗了,把它放在烤箱的烤盘上烤。本题考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语,因此填to bake。2.on　句意:我忘记把烤箱的开关打开了!本题考查动词短语。turn on表示“打开”。3.ordered　句意:你知道我接下来做了什么吗?我点了比萨饼。本题考查动词的时态。因为是过去发生的事情,故填order的过去式ordered。4.why　句意:那就是它们被当作钱使用的原因。本题考查名词性从句。设空处之后作系动词was的表语,且表示原因,因此填why。5.was planted　句意:一开始,可可被种植在厄瓜多尔,这个国家很长时间以来都是世界上可可豆的第一大生产国。本题考查动词的时态和语态。所给词plant和cocoa之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;根据后文的was可知,应用一般过去时,因此填was planted。
6.producers    句意:它现在依然是生产可可豆名列前茅的生产国之一,但现在超过70%的可可豆都产自西非。本题考查名词的复数形式。one of后加可数名词复数形式,故填producers。7.largest　句意:华莱士巨蜂是世界上最大的蜜蜂,它的身体尺寸能达到人拇指一般大小,翅膀能伸开到大约2.5英寸。本题考查形容词最高级。根据设空处前的the可知应用large的最高级largest。8.frightening　句意:这可能听起来令人害怕,但是这种蜜蜂不可能伤害任何人。本题考查形容词。设空处表示“令人害怕的”,因此用frighten的形容词形式frightening。9.makes　句意:这种蜂在树上能找到的白蚁丘安家,用树脂来保护自己的巢免受白蚁的侵害。本题考查时态。因为此处陈述的是客观事实且主语The bee为单数,因此用一般现在时,故填makes。10.twice　句意:直到最近,这种蜂仅仅被科学家看到过两次,一次是1868年,一次是1981年。本题考查数词的用法。根据句意可知设空处表示“两次”,故填twice。
Passage 2(2019北京朝阳一模)AJohn Carter was rescued from the sea near his holiday home yesterday. The accident happened while he　1    (walk) along a steep cliff at the edge of the sea. He was blown off by a strong wind and　2    (fall) into the sea, 30 meters below. Luckily, a woman saw him in the sea soon afterwards and she called the police rescue service. Mr. Carter was taken to hospital with a　3    (break) arm. “I’m very lucky to be alive,” he said. “I can’t thank the woman enough.”BMany elephants can paint. In fact, elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground　4    a stick. Seeing this, some trainers teach the elephants　5    they can hold paintbrushes, and encourage them to choose colors and paint. Of course, not every painting is good. Just like humans, only some elephants are very creative. Now, an online gallery sells paintings by these elephant artists. By doing this, the gallery hopes to earn money　6    (protect) elephants.
C Golden Gate Park is in San Francisco, California. It is one of the largest urban　7    (park) in the United States. Over one million colorful flowers, trees and other plants grow in the park. But origi-nally most of the park　8    (cover) in sand. After a lot of work, it was finally built in 1870.Today, there are many people　9    (visit) the park every day. They play basketball, soccer, golf and many other sports there. The park is closed in many places to traffic so people can walk, cycle, or skate　10    (free).
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲述了John Carter在海边度假意外掉进海里后被一位女士所救的故事;B篇介绍了一个线上美术馆通过售卖大象画的画赚钱来保护大象;C篇介绍了加州的金门公园。1.was walking　句意:当他正走在海边陡峭的悬崖上时,事故发生了。本题考查动词的时态。根据happened可知,时间为过去,此处表示“正走在……时”,应用过去进行时,因此填was walking。2.fell　句意:他被一阵强风吹跑,掉进了30米以下的海里。本题考查动词的时态。此处and连接两个并列谓语,前面为was blown off,谓语动词应用一般过去时,故填fell。3.broken　句意:Carter先生摔断了胳膊,被送进了医院。本题考查分词的使用,手臂被摔断,因此用过去分词broken。4.with　句意:事实上,动物园里的大象有时可以用一根树枝在地上画画。本题考查介词。with后面加工具表示“用……”,因此填with。5.how　句意:看到这个现象,一些训练员教大象如何拿画刷,鼓励它们挑选颜料并画画。设空处前后句子的结构都完整,此处表示“如何”拿画刷,因此填how。
6.to protect　句意:通过做这件事,这个美术馆希望挣钱来保护大象。本题考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的,应用动词不定式,因此填to protect。7.parks　句意:它是美国最大的城市公园之一。本题考查名词。one of后面应加可数名词的复数,因此填park的复数形式parks。8.was covered　句意:但是最初公园大部分被沙子覆盖。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据originally和后边的in 1870可知,时间点在过去,应用一般过去时;所给词cover与most of the park之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,因此填was covered。9.visiting　句意:现在每天都有很多人参观这个公园。本题考查非谓语动词。动词visit和被修饰词many people之间是逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词visiting。10.freely　句意:这家公园很多地方的交通都关闭了,这样人们就可以自由地散步,骑车或者滑滑板。本题考查副词。设空处修饰动词“walk, cycle, or skate”,因此用free的副词形式freely,意为“自由地”。
Passage 3(2019北京东城二模)AWorld Environment Day is a UN Environment-led global event, 　1    takes place on June 5 every year and is celebrated by thousands of communities worldwide. Since it began in 1972, it has grown to become the 　2    (large) of all the celebrations of environment each year. China owns half the world’s electric vehicles and 99% of the world’s electric buses. By 　3     (host) World Environment Day 2019, the Chinese government will be able to showcase its innovation and progress toward a cleaner environment. BWhy do people want to go to university? For some, it is the desire to learn. At university, you 　4    (teach) by lecturers and professors who may be leading experts 　5     their fields. The opportunity to learn from them is what drives some people　6     (apply) to university. For others, going to university provides the all-important stepping-stone for their careers. However, for the majority of　7    (west) people, university means freedom from home.
CBillions of poor people around the world　8    (depend) on the use of wood for cooking. And as they take more and more firewood from wild areas, they are destroying habitats around the world. Wood collection is one reason why many animals have become endangered. This is　9    Dr. Metcalf spends each summer in Africa. He wants to teach women and children in villages how to cook with the sun. He helped create Solar Cookers International. It’s an organization that introduces solar cookers to developing countries 　10    teaches people how to use them.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇介绍了世界环境日以及2019年将在中国举办的世界环境日,借此我们能够展现我们在环境方面的创新和进步;B篇讨论了人们为什么要上大学;C篇讲了利用木柴做饭对环境不好,Metcalf博士每年夏天都在非洲教当地人用太阳能厨具做饭。1.which　句意:世界环境日是一个由联合国环境署主导的全球性活动,每年6月5日举行并且全世界成千上万的团体都会庆祝这个节日。本题考查定语从句。关系词在定语从句中作主语,且表示“事”,且此处为非限制性定语从句,故填which。2.largest　句意:自从1972年世界环境日开始后,它就已经发展成为了每年最大的环境庆祝活动。本题考查形容词最高级。根据设空处前的the可知应用large的最高级形式largest。3.hosting　句意:通过主办2019年的世界环境日,中国政府将会展现其对于创建一个更干净的环境的创新和进步。本题考查非谓语动词,介词by后面加名词或动名词,因此本空填hosting。4.will be taught　本题考查动词的时态和语态。will do表示将会做某事,teach和you之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填will be taught。5.in　本题考查介词,in their fields表示“在他们的领域”,故填in。
6.to apply　句意:从他们那里学习的机会是驱使一些人申请大学的动力。本题考查动词搭配。drive sb. to do sth.的意思是“驱使某人做某事,”因此填to apply。7.western　句意:然而,对大多数西方人来说,上大学意味着离开家的自由。本题考查形容词。根据句意可知填western,表示“西方的”。8.depend　句意:世界上有数十亿的穷人要靠木柴来做饭。本题考查主谓一致。billions of poor people是复数,因此填depend。9.why　句意:这就是为什么Metcalf博士每年的夏天都在非洲度过。本题考查名词性从句。设空处引导表语从句,且此处表原因,故填why。10.and　句意:这是一个向发展中国家引进太阳能厨具并教人们如何使用它们的组织。本题考查连词。设空处前后的两个动词为递进关系,因此用并列连词and。
Group 2Passage 1(2019北京丰台二模)A There was a farmer who always sold a pound of butter to a baker. One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he was getting a pound and found that he was not. This angered　1     (he), so he took the farmer to court. The judge asked the farmer　2     he had a measuring tool. The farmer replied, “I have a pair of scale. I have been buying a pound of bread from him. When the baker　3     (bring) me the bread, I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter.”BParrots are found in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. They usually live　4    large groups and because they like to eat fruit, they are sometimes a problem for farmers. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, which they use for　5    (climb) and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are　6    (noise), but they are clever
birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see the birds doing things they have learned.CKite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites are made of paper 　7    when they fly, they are like eagles. Kites　8    (use) for military purposes in the beginning. Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreational activity. In the past, people 　9    (fasten) a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite. While flying through the wind, it made sound like the music 　10     (produce)by guzheng, a traditional Chinese musical instrument. Therefore, it has its modern name as fengzheng.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了烘焙师因黄油重量不足而把农夫告上法庭的故事,但经过法官调查了解到其实是烘焙师先欺骗了农夫;B篇介绍了鹦鹉的几个特点;C篇介绍了中国风筝的起源。1.him　句意:这让他很生气,所以他就把农夫告上了法庭。本题考查人称代词。谓语动词anger后缺少宾语,故用he的宾格形式him。2.if/whether　句意:法官问农夫是否有测量工具。本题考查宾语从句。设空处表示“是否”,因此本空填if或者whether。3.brings　句意:当烘焙师把面包带给我以后,我总是把面包放在我的称上,然后给他相同重量的黄油。本题考查动词的时态。设空处表示现在的习惯性动作,故用一般现在时,故填brings。4.in　句意:它们经常成群结队地在一起,因为它们喜欢吃水果,有时会给农夫们带来麻烦。本题考查介词。in large groups表示“成群结队地”,故填in。5.climbing　它们有强壮的喙和爪子,这可以用来攀爬和抓住食物。本题考查非谓语动词。介词for后加v.-ing形式,因此填climbing。
6.noisy　句意:它们很吵,但它们是聪明的鸟,教它们说话很容易。本题考查词性转换。系动词后加形容词作表语来说明主语的特征,所以本空应用形容词noisy。7.and　句意:它也叫纸鸢,因为它们是由纸做成的,而且它们飞起来的时候就像鹰一样。本题考查连词。设空处前后是完整的两句话,因此用并列连词and连接。8.were used　句意:一开始风筝被用于军事用途。本题考查动词的时态和语态。时间点在过去,且kites与use之间为被动关系,因此填were used。9.fastened　句意:过去人们把竹子做的哨绑在风筝上。本题考查动词的时态。时间状语为In the past,应用一般过去时,故填fastened。10.produced　句意:当它在风中飞的时候,它会发出像一种传统中国乐器古筝发出来的音乐一样的声音。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。动词produce和其逻辑主语music之间是被动关系,故用过去分词produced。
Passage 2(2019北京海淀二模)ATo me, the most beautiful thing is the ocean. It is beautiful because it has a calming effect. When 　1     (listen) to the sound of the waves, I feel peaceful. 　2    the age of 10, I went to the beach for the first time. With my feet in the water, I felt totally relaxed, and the sound of the ocean really 　3     (comfort) me. From then on, I often dream of floating in the ocean, feeling carefree. BDiscovering yourself plays 　4     important role in inspiring your confidence. By doing so, you could know 　5     you are weak in. And you may also realize you’re quite a great person with great strengths. So when you’re in a hard situation, you will believe in 　6     (you) and spend the most difficult time with confidence. Otherwise you may give up and then lose everything. Therefore, the ability 　7     (trust) yourself will decide your future a lot.
CThe year 2018 marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up. The past four decades has seen China shift its society from a farmers’ community to a digital culture 　8     (successful). Under the leadership of CPC, many 　9     (achievement) can be seen in every field. The life of the Chinese people has improved, with millions of people being lifted out of poverty. The country now has the world’s 　10     (large) high-speed rail network. And with around 800 million Internet users, China has become the world’s fastest-growing online shopping market.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了作者第一次去海边的经历和作者对大海的喜爱;B篇讲人们应该发现自己的优点,这样在困难的时候就能够有信心克服;C篇讲了中国改革开放以来的一些成就。1.listening　句意:当听到波浪的声音时,我感到很平静。本题考查时间状语从句中的省略,时间状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致且谓语是系动词时可以将从句的主语和系动词省略,因此本空填listening。2.At　句意:十岁的时候,我第一次去海边。本题考查介词。at the age of“在……岁的时候”,故填At。3.comforted　句意:我的脚在水里,我感到非常放松,海洋的声音真的让我感到安慰。本题考查动词的时态。本语篇讲的是我十岁时第一次去海边的经历,因此用一般过去时,故填comfort-ed。4.an　句意:发现你自己对于激发你的自信发挥着重要作用。本题考查冠词。设空处后的role在本句中表泛指,故填不定冠词,important以元音音素开头,所以前面冠词应用an。
5.what　句意:通过这样做,你能知道你在什么方面比较薄弱。本题考查名词性从句。know后为宾语从句,宾语从句中缺少宾语,故填what。6.yourself　句意:所以当你遇到困境时,你会相信你自己。本题考查反身代词。这里指的是“相信你自己”,因此本空填yourself。7.to trust　句意:因此,相信你自己的能力将会很大程度上决定你的未来。本题考查非谓语动词。ability需用动词不定式作后置定语,故填to trust。8.successfully　本题考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词shift,故应用副词successfully来修饰动词。9.achievements　句意:在中国共产党的领导下,各个领域都能看到许多成就。本题考查名词复数形式,从设空处前many可知,该空应用名词复数形式。因此填achievements。10.largest　句意:现在这个国家有全世界最大的高速铁路网。本题考查形容词最高级。根据句意及设空处前的the可知,用形容词最高级,因此填largest。
Passage 3(2019北京西城二模)AWhen I was in high school our physics teacher gave us a challenge 　1    involved making a paper airplane of any shape. The only objective was to get it to fly as far as possible. 　2     (stand) at the starting line, one of my classmates took a piece of flat paper, crumpled (把……揉成一团) it up and 　3     (throw) it down the way. He beat the class with ease. Some of the students got mad and said that he cheated, but the physics teacher 　4     (clear) explained it could be any shape and that a paper ball was indeed a shape.BBuildings around the world 　5     (go) dark for 60 minutes this evening in a voluntary event known as Earth Hour. This grassroots effort started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, and has since grown into 　6     global movement to raise awareness of our energy consumption and the effects of climate change on our planet. Anyone can participate in this movement 　7    switching off the lights at 8:30 PM local time. Last year close to 18,000 landmark buildings switched off their lights in 188 countries. Will you dim your lights tonight?
CThe story of Chinese fashion began in 2011 when Feiyue and Warrior, both Chinese sneaker brands, suddenly gained international attention. Their products 　8    (see) on models all over the world then. Last year, Chinese sportswear brand LI-NING was at the New York Fashion Week in September with new designs 　9     (decorate) with Chinese characters. Now the Chinese brands are impressive and ambitious and can go head to head with foreign brands. And this ambition may be due to the fact that China’s young people are now more confident about 　10    (they) own culture.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了高中时期物理课上发生的小故事;B篇讲了从2007年开始兴起的“地球一小时”活动;C篇介绍了越来越多的中国本土运动品牌开始崛起了。1.that/which　句意:我上高中的时候,我们的物理老师给了我们一个挑战,需要做一架任意形状的纸飞机。本题考查定语从句。先行词为challenge,关系词在句中作主语,且指“物”,所以填that或which。2.Standing　句意:站在起跑线上,我的一个同学拿出了一张平整的纸,把它揉成一团然后扔了出去。本题考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。设空处动词stand和主语one of my classmates为主动关系,因此用现在分词standing。3.threw　本题考查时态。我回忆的是高中时期的事情,且根据前面的took和crumpled可知,应用一般过去时。故填threw。4.clearly　句意:……,但是物理老师清楚地解释说飞机可以是任何形状,纸球也确实是一个形状。本题考查副词。设空处修饰动词explained,应用副词,故填clearly。
5.will go/are going　句意:全世界的建筑物在今晚一个叫作“地球一小时”的自发的活动中将会变黑暗一个小时。本题考查动词的时态。从本句的this evening可知这件事情还没发生,用一般将来时,故填will go或are going。6.a　句意:……,(这个活动)已经发展成了提高人们能源消耗、气候变化对我们星球影响的意识的一个全球性的活动。本题考查冠词。此处表泛指,且movement为可数名词,所以用不定冠词a。7.by　句意:任何人都可以通过在当地时间晚上八点半关灯的方式来参与这个活动。本题考查介词。by表示“通过某种方式”。8.were seen　句意:模特身上穿的他们的产品被全世界都看到了。本题考查动词的时态和语态。时间点在过去,产品被人看到,因此填were seen。9.decorated　句意:去年,中国运动品牌李宁带着有汉字装饰的新设计在九月的纽约时装周进行了展示。本题考查非谓语动词。decorate与designs之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式,因此填decorated。10.their　句意:这份野心也许是因为现在中国的年轻人对于他们自己的文化更加自信的事实。本题考查物主代词。根据设空处后的own可知应用形容词性物主代词,因此应填their。
Group 3Passage 1(2019北京海淀第一学期期末)AHangzhou is one of China’s most popular cities. It is full of cultural heritage (遗产) and famous     1     its natural scenery. Italian traveller Marco Polo described Hangzhou as the 　2     (fine) and most splendid city in the world. The beauty of West Lake has inspired countless poets and painters, and you can’t leave without 　3     (try) the Longjing Shrimp, one of Hangzhou’s signature dishes. The dynamic city is home to many of China’s tech companies including e-commerce giant Alibaba.BToday, dogs are found　4     (help) to all who fly in airplanes. They are trained to smell, track and find bombs on planes and in luggage. Dogs are easy to train because they already have a deep con-nection with humans. Many of these dogs are donated to the safety program, where they 　5     (give) a good home. The partnership between dogs and humans allows each to profit from the special talents of the other as they work together　6     (save) lives.
CIt was almost midnight, but Mary couldn’t fall asleep. “One sheep, two sheep...” She 　7     (start) to count sheep. But did it really work? Actually, some 　8    (science) believe this may not be a very good way to fall asleep. Some people try so hard to count that they can be more clear-headed. Instead, they can try taking a bath to fall asleep. They can also think about a quiet beach or a walk in the woods, 　9    can make them relaxed and fall asleep more 　10     (quick).
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲述了杭州的美景及其发展;B篇介绍了狗能帮助人类营救生命;C篇讲了一些科学家们给出的快速入睡的方式。1.for　句意:杭州有很多文化遗产,并以其自然景观而闻名。本题考查固定搭配。be famous for以……而出名,因此填for。
2.finest　句意:意大利旅行家马可·波罗将杭州描述为世界上最好、最壮观的城市。本题考查形容词最高级。根据空前的the和后面的most splendid可知,应用形容词最高级。故填finest。3.trying　句意:西湖的美给了无数诗人和画家灵感,你在离开杭州之前一定要尝尝杭州的名菜之一——龙井虾仁。本题考查非谓语动词。介词后面加v.-ing或名词,因此填trying。4.helpful　句意:当今,狗被认为对在飞机上飞行的所有人都是有帮助的。本题考查词性转换。help变成形容词词尾需加ful,故填helpful。5.are given/will be given　句意:被训练的许多狗都被捐给了安全项目,在那里它们(将)会被给予一个不错的家。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意可知此处用一般现在或一般将来时,give与they之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。
6.to save　句意:狗和人类之间的伙伴关系使得他们在一起工作来营救生命时能从彼此的特殊天赋中受益。本题考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语,因此填to save。7.started　句意:她开始数羊了。本题考查动词的时态。从前后句的时态可知,设空处用一般过去时,故填started。8.scientists　句意:实际上,一些科学家相信这可能不是一个很好的入睡方法。本题考查名词。science变形成“科学家”为scientist,又因前面有some,表示“一些”,故用复数形式scien-tists。9.which　句意:他们还可以想象一下安静的沙滩或者在树林里散步,这可以让他们放松下来并且更快地入睡。本题考查定语从句。本句是个非限制性定语从句,且在关系词定语从中作主语,因此填which。10.quickly　本题考查副词。设空处修饰动词短语fall asleep,故用副词形式quickly。
Passage 2(2019北京西城第一学期期末)AFor most of her life, Anna Mary Robertson Moses worked very hard to make a living on a farm. She began to paint　1    her seventies. She displayed her artworks in her town at age eighty. The paintings 　2    (notice) by an art collector, 　3     recognized Anna’s remarkable talent. He bought all the paintings on display. Later, three of her paintings were exhibited in a well-known art museum in New York City. Soon, people around the world 　4     (hear) of Anna and her delightful artworks. People loved looking at the old-fashioned scenes that Anna had created.BLego is popular with kids. But 　5     (make) it can hurt the environment. Why? Lego is made of plastic. The plastic is made from oil. That is a nonrenewable resource. Recently, Lego 　6     (introduce) earth-friendly pieces. They are made of plastic taken from sugar cane. That is a renewable material. The greeen pieces are part of a bigger plan for Lego. The company plans to use renewable materials in all its 　7     (toy) by 2030.The actions the company takes today can have an influence on the planet of tomorrow.
CMany organizations try to inspire people 　8     (do) kind acts, wherever and whenever they can. The idea behind this is that it doesn’t take any major plan to be kind, just a little bit of effort. Perhaps the strongest supporter of this idea is the Random Acts of Kindness Foundation. It operates under the belief that kindness can be taught and that it is 　9     (easy) spread. Its activities range from suggesting kind acts to allowing its website users to officially register 　10     (they) as activists of kindness.
答案    [语篇解读]    A篇讲述了70多岁才开始学画画的Anna在展出她的画之后被艺术收藏家发现,并在全世界出名的故事;B篇讲述了乐高公司使用新引进的环保可再生材料制作玩具;C篇介绍了一些机构为了鼓励人们做善事的一些做法。1.in　句意:她在七十多岁的时候开始学习绘画。考查介词。in one’s seventies在某人70多岁时,故填in。
2.were noticed　句意:这些画被一位艺术收藏家注意到,这位艺术家意识到了Anna非凡的艺术天分。本题考查动词的时态和语态。notice与the paintings之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;全文时态为一般过去时,因此填were noticed。3.who　句意:这些画被一位艺术收藏家注意到,这位艺术家意识到了Anna非凡的艺术天分。本题考查定语从句。先行词是an art collector,在定语从句中作主语,且指人,因此用关系代词who。4.heard    句意:很快,全世界的人知道了Anna和她令人愉快的作品。本题考查动词的时态。根据全文时态可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填heard。5.making/to make　句意:但是制作乐高可能会有害环境。本题考查非谓语动词。此处可使用动词不定式或动名词作主语,因此填making或to make。
6.has introduced/introduced　句意:最近,乐高公司引进了一些环保的配件。本题考查动词的时态。时间状语是recently,后面可以接现在完成时或一般过去时,因此填has introduced或introduced。7.toys　句意:公司计划到2030年所有的玩具都使用可再生材料。本题考查名词的“数”。toy是可数名词,且前面有all,因此用其复数形式toys。8.to do　句意:许多机构努力鼓励人们做善事,无论何时何地,只要他们能(做)。本题考查动词短语。inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事,因此填to do。9.easily    句意:这个机构是在这样的信念之下运行的,他们认为善良是能够被教会的,也是很容易被传播的。本题考查副词。设空处修饰动词spread,因此用副词形式easily。10.themselves　句意:这个机构的活动的范围从建议善行到允许其网站用户正式注册成为做善事的积极分子。本题考查反身代词。这里表示使用者自己可以正式注册,因此填themselves。
Passage 3(2019北京顺义一模)ASpring is coming. Everything is waking from its winter sleep. The fields　1    (dress) in a fresh robe of green. The wild flowers begin to peep forth (隐隐露出). Birds sing among the trees, and begin to get their nests ready　2    summer. Men are now sowing seeds in the fields. The days are　3     (warm), for brighter sunshine has come again. Everything is full of life and joy.BAstronauts are people who go out into space. Being an astronaut is an exciting job. While in space, astronauts can look down and see 　4    (cloud), land, and water. They can even see the moon up close. Astronauts get the chance 　5    (see) more stars than you or I have ever seen. Being an astronaut may be exciting, 　6     it is not an easy job. A person who 　7    (want) to be an astronaut has to study for years. There are many things an astronaut must learn to do before going into space.
CToday, our class went to “The Fishery”, 　8    is a local fish store, because we are learning about fish:where they live and how they are different from people. Inside the store it was very dark, except for the bright lights on the top of each tank. The girl　9    (work) in the store told me that the lights are neon, and they are used to show off the bright colours of each fish. Under the lights, the fish were blue, purple, yellow, and green. They 　10     (look) so beautiful that I wanted to take all of them home.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇描绘了春天天气变暖,万物复苏的一番景象;B篇介绍了宇航员在太空能看到的景象及其工作特点;C篇介绍了作者全班一起去鱼店时,作者在商店里的所见所闻。1.are dressed　句意:田野穿上了新鲜的绿色长袍。本题考查动词的语态。dress与the fields之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填are dressed。
2.for　句意:鸟儿在树林里歌唱,开始准备它们度夏要用的鸟巢。本题考查介词。be ready for为……做准备,因此填for。3.warmer　句意:天气变得越来越暖,因为更闪耀的阳光又来了。本题考查形容词比较级。根据后文的brighter可知,本空用比较级warmer。4.clouds/cloud　句意:在太空中,宇航员可以向下看到云、土地和水。本题考查名词。cloud既是可数名词又是不可数名词,因此填clouds或cloud。5.to see　句意:宇航员有机会看到比你或我曾看到过的更多的星星。本题考查非谓语动词。设空处用不定式作名词chance的后置定语,表示看到更多星星的机会,因此填to see。6.but　句意:当一名宇航员可能非常刺激,但也不是一份轻松的工作。本题考查连词。根据句意可知,前后是转折关系,因此填but。
7.wants    句意:想要当宇航员的人需要学习很多年。本题考查主谓一致。此处who引导定语从句,先行词a person是单数,所以从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,故填wants。8.which　句意:今天我们班去了“The Fishery”,它是个当地卖鱼的商店……。本题考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“The Fishery”,关系词在从句中作主语,且指“物”,因此填which。9.working　句意:在这个商店工作的女孩告诉我这些灯是霓虹灯……。本题考查非谓语动词作定语,work和其逻辑主语the girl之间是主动关系,因此用现在分词working。10.looked　句意:它们看起来如此漂亮以至于我想把它们都带回家。本题考查动词的时态。根据后面的wanted可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填looked。
Group 4Passage 1(2018福建厦门一次质检)“Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small.” “Nothing is softer or　1    (flexible)than water, yet nothing can resist it.”These are the food for thought　2    (serve)to tube passengers at Oval station in south London. It’s been 14 years since customer services manager Anthony Gentles　3    (inspire)to brighten up the “blank faces” of travelers with daily　4    (wise)from his favorite book, Tao Te Ching. Every day he wrote one quote on the board　5    (him). Mr. Gentles said offering quotes from ancient China was his way of　6    (try)to make people feel more welcome as they braved the Underground.Thousands of quotes later, Mr. Gentles’ favorite message remains the first one he wrote:“A journey of a thousand miles must begin　7    a single step”. “Because it’s　8    (fundamental)true,” he said. “No matter　9    you live your life, regardless of your situation, you have to take the first step.”Since 2007,the baton(接力棒)has been taken on by his colleague Glen Sutherland, 　10    quotes on the station information board have set off a wave of enthusiasm to copy the practice across the capital.
答案    [语篇解读]　英国伦敦南部的欧维尔地铁站口的信息板上写着名言,欧维尔地铁站已经坚持这个传统14年了。1.more flexible　句意:天下莫柔弱于水,而攻坚强者莫之能胜,以其无以易之。根据设空处后的than及设空处前的softer可推知设空处填形容词flexible的比较级形式,flexible为多音节词,故填more flexible。2.served    句意:这些是为在伦敦南部欧维尔地铁站的乘客准备的心灵鸡汤。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。serve作“端上(饭菜等)”讲为及物动词,被修饰词“the food for thought”与serve为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词served。3.was inspired　本题考查时态和语态。“It is/has been+一段时间+since从句”中,since从句的谓语动词要用一般过去时;设空处前的主语customer services manager Anthony Gentles与in-spire为被动关系,故设空处需填被动语态形式。综上所述设空处填was inspired。4.wisdom　设空处作介词with的宾语,意为“智慧(语录)”,故填名词wisdom。5.himself　句意:每天他会亲自在白板上写一条名言。设空处表示“亲自”,作状语,故填him的反身代词himself。
6.trying　设空处作介词of的宾语,提示词为动词原形,由此可推知设空处需用动名词作of的宾语,故填trying。7.with　句意:摘抄了几千条名言之后,詹托斯先生最喜欢的名言仍然是他写下的第一条,即千里之行始于足下。本题考查动词短语。begin with意为“以……开始”。8.fundamentally　句意:他说:“因为这句话从根本上就是正确的。”设空处作状语,故填副词fundamentally。9.how    句意:无论你如何生活,无论你的现状如何,你都得迈出第一步。no matter how 引导让步状语从句,意为“无论如何……”。10.whose　句意:自2007年,该接力棒被传给了他的同事格伦·萨瑟兰德,他在车站 信 息 板 上 的名言激起了所有首都市民竞相模仿的热情。设空处前为完整的句子且没有并列 连 词 或 从 属连词连接,由此可推出设空处引导定语从句。先行词为Glen Sutherland,将先行词 代 入 定 语 从句后为:Glen Sutherland’s quotes on the station information board have set off a wave of enthusiasm to copy the practice across the capital.,由此可知先行词在定语从句中作定语,先行词指人,故填whose。
高级语块　1.customer services manager客服部经理2.blank faces面无表情的脸
长难句　Mr. Gentles said offering quotes from ancient China was his way of trying to make peo-ple feel more welcome as they braved the Underground.詹托斯先生说提供古代中国的名言是他努力让人们在勇敢走进地铁时感到更受欢迎的方式。本句的主干为:Mr. Gentles said,其余部分为宾语从句。宾语从句的主干为:offering quotes was his way of...;介词短语from ancient China作quotes的定语;of trying to make people feel more welcome作his way的定语;as they braved the Underground为时间状语从句。
Passage 2(2018河北唐山五校4月联考)Smartphones are an　1    (importance) part of everyday life for most teens today. But are teens addicted to their phones?One out of every two teens in the US and Japan feel they are, according to   2    recent study.The study　3    (base) on an April 2017 survey of 1,200 parents and teens. It’s the first such study in Japan, 　4    90 percent of parents and teens own smartphones. It’s also the first　5    (compare) those results with　6    (exist) US data from Common Sense Media about digital media use among families in North America.Most parents surveyed said　7    believed their teens were addicted to mobile devices. Many of the　8    (adult) said they themselves also felt addicted to phones.Willow Bay, dean of the USC Annenberg in Los Angeles, said, “These shifts are happening　9    (fast) and more dramatically than any change　10    recent history.”
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,介绍了一项对家长和孩子沉迷于手机这一社会现象的研究结果。1.important　句意:如今对大多数青少年来说,智能手机是他们日常生活中重要的一部分。设空处作名词part的定语,表示“重要的”,故填形容词important。2.a　句意:最近的一项研究表明,在美国和日本每两名青少年中就有一名这样认为。根据设空处后的名词study及设空处位置可判断设空处考查冠词。名词study在本句中表示泛指,且re-cent以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。3.is based　句意:该研究是根据2017年4月对1200名父母和青少年所做的调查进行的。设空处作谓语,主语The study与base为被动关系,需用被动语态,故填is based。4.where　句意:这是第一次在日本进行这样的研究,在日本,父母和青少年中90%都有智能手机。本句中既无并列连词又无从属连词,由此可判断本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为Japan,将先行词代入定语从句后为:90 percent of parents and teens own smartphones in Japan.由此可见先行词在定语从句中与介词in一起作地点状语,故填关系副词where。
5.to compare　“the+序数词”(可理解为“序数词+名词”,名词被省略)作表语且序数词与作定语的非谓语动词为逻辑上的主动关系时,需用不定式作定语,故填to compare。6.existing　考查形容词。由空后的date可知此处需用形容词existing作定语。7.they　句意:大多数被调查的家长说他们认为他们的孩子都对移动设备上瘾。设空处作宾语从句的主语且指代主句主语Most parents,故填代词they。8.adults　句意:这些成人中的许多人说他们自己也对手机上瘾。根据本句中的they可推知设空处需用名词复数,故填adults。9.faster　根据本句中的than及more dramatically可知设空处要填副词fast的比较级形式faster。10.in　考查介词。in recent history意为:在近代历史中。
高级语块　1.smartphone n.智能手机　2.be addicted to对……上瘾
长难句　It’s the first such study in Japan, where 90 percent of parents and teens own smart-phones.这是在日本第一次进行这样的研究,在日本,父母和青少年中90%都有智能手机。where 90 percent of parents and teens own smartphones为定语从句,修饰先行词Japan。
Passage 3(2018江西六校联考)Have you ever been to London?Which famous sites did you visit? Or, if it is the first time that you　1    (be)there, which one will you check out?Some world-famous　2    (culture)sites may already be on your list:Buckingham Palace, Elizabeth Tower and the Tower of London. However, a tour of London would be incomplete　3    checking out the London art scene. As a guidebook London’s Secrets:Museums & Galleries puts it, London’s art is a lot like　4    city itself—diverse, vast, and in a constant state of changes. From old masters to street art and everything in between, London has it all.In fact, according to The Telegraph, museums and galleries were the most　5    (visit)attractions in Britain last year. The British Museum,　6    celebrated its 225th anniversary this year, had the most visitors, at 6,701,036.
According to The Art Newspaper, the British Museum’s increased　7     (popular) is down to its exhibitions, particularly its Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum show(March—September 2017).There are more than 7 million artifacts(历史文物)in the British Museum. Not all of them are on display, but much of the collection　8    (constant)rotates(轮换), so you’ll see something new with each visit. So,　9    you’re an art lover or just looking for a fun time, you’re sure　 10    (find) inspiration in London.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文,介绍了英国伦敦著名景点的相关情况。1.have been　句意:或者,如果这是你第一次在那里,你会看哪个景点?“It is the+序数词+time+that从句”中,that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时,且从句主语为you,故填have been。2.cultural　句意:一些世界著名的文化景点可能已经在你的旅游单里了……。设空处作sites的定语,意为“文化的”,故填形容词cultural。3.without　句意:然而,如果没参观伦敦艺术活动,伦敦之游是不完整的。设空处后为动名词,设空处表示“不”,故填介词without。4.the　句意:正如一本旅游指南《伦敦的秘密:博物馆和美术馆》所说的那样,伦敦的艺术很像这个城市本身——多元,庞大且处在不断变化的状态。设空处后的city特指伦敦,故填the。5.visited　句意:事实上,根据《电讯报》报道,在去年,博物馆和美术馆是英国最受欢迎的景点。根据提示词visit可推知设空处考查非谓语动词作定语。attractions与visit为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示完成,故填过去分词visited。
6.which　句意:大英博物馆今年庆祝了它的225周年纪念日,其游客最多,达6,701,036人。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词The British Museum指“物”,在定语从句中作主语,故填which。7.popularity　句意:根据《艺术新闻》报道,大英博物馆越来越受欢迎是因为它的各种展览,尤其是……。由设空处作主语可推知设空处填名词,故填popularity。8.constantly　句意:这些文物不是全被展出而是不断轮换展出,因此每次你来参观都会看到一些新东西。设空处作状语,修饰动词rotates,需用副词形式,故填constantly。9.whether　句意:因此,无论你是艺术爱好者还是只是为了消遣,你肯定会在伦敦找到灵感。“whether...or...”用于引导让步状语从句,意为“无论……还是……”。10.to find　“be sure to do sth.”为固定搭配,意为“肯定会做某事”。
Group 5Passage 1(2017安徽皖北协作区3月模拟)Last summer our family took a trip west through Arizona. One evening at　1     stop, our father　2   (suffer) an old pain in his back. The next day we stopped at the Painted Desert, in Arizona. Dad tried to get out of the car, but 　3     (fortunate) he couldn’t move with pain. He sat in the car for the next hour while the rest of the family walked among the glorious layers of colors of the desert. At the visitors’ center, I saw a small glass globe　4    (fill) with multi-colored sand from the desert. Then I bought it for a dollar.　5    (see) our returning to the car, Dad was eager to hear about 　6    we’d seen. I told him I wanted him to have some memories of the visit, even though he didn’t get to see it 　7    (he). I gave him the globe, 　8    he studied for a long time. Then he looked at me 　9    a smile, tears in his eyes—although I pretended not　10     (notice).
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。作者一家人在亚利桑那州旅游时,父亲背疼病复发,不能亲自参观佩恩蒂德彩绘沙漠。为了使父亲少些遗憾,作者为他买了一个装满当地多彩沙子的玻璃球,这使得父亲很感动。1.a　stop作名词讲时,为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指,故与不定冠词连用。2.suffered　本题考查时态,根据时间状语可知设空处用一般过去时,故填suffered。3.unfortunately　设空处需用副词作状语。根据上下文逻辑可知设空处表示“不幸地”,故填unfortunately。4.filled　本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词globe与fill为逻辑上的被动关系,且此处表示状态,故填filled。
5.Seeing　本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Dad与see为逻辑上的主动关系,故设空处填现在分词Seeing。6.what　“　6    we?d seen”为宾语从句,作hear about的宾语。该从句缺少宾语,且设空处表示“物”,故填what。7.himself　do sth. oneself意为:亲自做某事。8.which　根据设空处前的逗号可推知本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词在定语从句中作宾语,且先行词表示“物”,故填which。9.with　with表示伴随;with a smile带着微笑。10.to notice　本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。pretend(not)to do sth.为固定用法,故填to notice。
高级语块　1.take a trip去旅行　2.get out of the car下车
长难句　Then he looked at me with a smile, tears in his eyes—although I pretended not to notice. 然后他微笑着看着我,眼里充满了泪水——虽然我假装没有注意到。本句为复合句。tears in his eyes为独立主格结构,作状语。although I pretended not to notice为让步状语从句。
Passage 2(2017山东济南一模)Last week I took the bus back to Jinan from Qingdao.I　1    (carry)a big piece of luggage with me and put it beside my leg on the bus.As usual,I closed my eyes and tried to take a rest.Suddenly,I felt someone　2    (move)my luggage.I opened my eyes and looked up.It was the driver　3    carried my luggage away,saying“you will be more comfortable if you put the luggage at the front row　4    no one takes the seat”.As a salesperson,I took these buses many times,and never have I　5    (meet)such a considerate driver who had cared so much about the passengers before.This simple act touched my soft heart and will always　6    (keep)in my memory.I think we have to learn from him and serve our clients much　7     (well).We have to be more considerate and offer more attentive service to our clients during　8     (they) visits to us. Sometimes one little thing may make people happy or angry　9    make the clients decide whether　10     (do)the business with us or not.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。在从青岛回济南的公交车上,作者被司机的热情服务所打动。1.carried　根据上句中的Last week可知设空处应该用一般过去时,故填carried。2.moving　本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。feel sb. doing sth.感觉某人正在做某事。3.who/that　本题考查强调句型(It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分)。本句中被强调部分为the driver,指“人”,故填who或that。4.where　本题考查定语从句。先行词为the front row,将先行词代入定语从句后为:No one takes the seat at the front row.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。5.met　否定副词never置于句首,后面的句子需用部分倒装形式,根据have可知设空处应填met。6.be kept　主语This simple act与keep为被动关系,故设空处用被动语态;根据设空处前的will可知设空处填be kept。7.better　much可用来修饰副词比较级,故设空处填better。8.their　visit为名词,名词前需用形容词性物主代词作定语,故填their。9.and　设空处前后两部分表示并列关系,故填and。10.to do　根据设空处前的whether及后面的or not可知设空处填不定式形式,故填to do。
高级语块　1.care about关心　2.keep...in one’s memory牢记
Passage 3(2017山西临汾一中等五校五次联考)Etiquette(礼仪)is to society 　1     clothing is to the individual.Without clothes men would go in shameful nudity which would 　2    (certain) lead to the corruption of morals,and without etiquette society would be in a pitiable state and the necessary 　3    (communicate) between its members would be disturbed by needless offence and troubles.If society moved like a train,the etiquette would be the　4    (track),along which only the train could go forth; if society　5    (be)a coach,the etiquette would be the wheels,on which only the coach could roll forward.The lack of etiquette would make 　6    best friends turn to be the most decided enemies and the 　7    (friend) countries declare war against each other.We can find many examples in the history of mankind.Therefore I 　8     (advice) you to stand on ceremony before anyone else and to take pains not 　9    (do) anything against etiquette 　10     case you give offence or make enemies.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文。介绍了礼仪对社会的重要性。1.what　句意:礼仪之于社会犹如衣着之于个人。“A is to B what C is to D”为固定句型,意为:A之于B犹如C之于D。2.certainly　设空处作lead to的状语,故用副词形式。3.communication　设空处作主语,故用名词形式(communication)。4.tracks　根据常识可知,火车要在轨道上行进,故设空处填名词复数形式(tracks)。5.were　考查虚拟语气。本句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句的谓语动词要用过去式,be动词用were。6.the　设空处后为形容词最高级,表示:最好的朋友。故设空处填定冠词the。7.friendly　设空处后为名词,设空处作定语,故用形容词(friendly)作定语。8.advise　设空处在句中作谓语,故需用谓语动词,这里讲述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。9.to do　考查非谓语动词。take pains to do sth.为固定短语,意为:努力做某事。10.in　考查介词。in case为固定短语,意为:以防,以免。
高级语块　stand on ceremony拘于礼节
B组  2017—2019年高考模拟·专题综合题组
Group 1Passage 1(2019北京海淀一模)AOld Tom had four sons. He wanted them　1    (learn) not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them to look at an apple tree in different seasons. The first son went in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer, and the youngest in autumn. When they all came back, he called them togeth-er to describe　2    they had seen. The sons had different　3    (opinion). Tom then told them that they shouldn’t judge a tree, or a person, by only one season. BEveryone　4    (love) snow. But when school stays open despite the snow, it can be really annoy-ing. However, there is one upside of going to school　5    a cold winter day:you might be smarter. So far, researchers who study the brain　6    (find) that cold temperatures make us think more quickly since messages travel faster among our brain cells. So the scientists say　7    (hang) out on a cold morning may boost the result of any test that day.
CA black hole is a spot in space that has　8    (power) gravity. Its gravity is so strong that it pulls everything nearby into it, stars, planets and other things. Black holes form when a star dies. When that happens, a huge amount of matter crowds into a very small space, 　9    becomes very dense. Black holes　10    (talk) about in 1783 first. That year, one scientist said that in the universe, there might be places with strong gravity to trap light, although he didn?t use the term “black hole”.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲述了父亲教导自己的四个孩子不要轻易对事情做出判断的故事;B篇介绍了科学家们发现寒冷的天气能加速人们的思考;C篇介绍了黑洞的形成。1.to learn　句意:他想让他们学会不要太快对事情做出判断。本题考查固定用法。want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事,因此填to learn。
2.what　句意:等他们都回来了,父亲把他们叫在一起让他们形容自己看到了什么。本题考查名词性从句。设空处引导宾语从句,且从句中缺少宾语,应用what连接。3.opinions　句意:他的儿子们有着不一样的观点。本题考查名词复数形式。opinion是可数名词,且前面无冠词,因此填其复数形式opinions。4.loves　句意:每个人都喜欢雪。本题考查主谓一致。everyone表示第三人称单数概念,因此填loves。5.on　句意:然而,在寒冷的冬天上学有个好处:你可能会变得更聪明。本题考查介词。当表示具体某一天时用介词on。6.have found　句意:到目前为止,研究大脑的研究人员发现寒冷让我们思考得更快,因为信息在我们的大脑细胞里会传得更快。本题考查动词的时态。由该句的so far可知,设空处应用现在完成时,因此填have found。
7.hanging　句意:所以科学家们说在寒冷的早上出门可能会对当天的考试结果有好处。设空处用动名词作主语,故填hanging。8.powerful　句意:黑洞是太空中具有强大引力的一个点。本题考查形容词。设空为形容词作前置定语,因此填powerful。9.which　句意:当一颗星星崩溃而形成黑洞时,很多物质会挤进一个非常小的空间,这会变得非常密集。本题考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词a very small space,关系词在从句中作主语,且指“物”,因此填which。10.were talked　句意:黑洞在1783年第一次被谈论。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语in 1783可知,应用一般过去时;且talk与Black holes之间为被动关系,故填were talked。
Passage 2(2019北京东城一模)ATons of waste is being left on Mount Qomolangma by a　1    (grow) number of visitors, which bothers many people. A team will deal with the task　2    the climbing season ends this May, by which time there will be fewer visitors. Garbage　3    (collect) on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training, according to Cering Dandar, a mountaineer and guide.BFood is one of the most basic and important daily needs. It gives us the strength and energy we need　4    (work) and play. Food also plays a role in our social interactions. Whether we　5    (celebrate) important occasions or just relaxing with friends, eating is an important social pastime. It is also an important part of our culture.　6    a particular people like to eat can tell us a lot　7    a country’s geography, history and traditions.
CGoing to museums has become a trendy thing to do during the holidays in China. A popular choice during this Spring Festival was the Palace Museum,　8    a special exhibition was staged to pro-vide a virtual royal experience for visitors. The entire museum　9     (decorate) with newly-restored ancient royal lanterns and spring couplets, including a set of the Chinese character “Fu”　10     (write) by five emperors of the Qing dynasty.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了大量遗留在珠穆朗玛峰上的垃圾困扰了人们的问题。登山旺季过去之后会派专门的收垃圾团队去解决问题。B篇讲述了食物对于人们的生存、社会和文化方面的意义;C篇介绍了故宫里春节期间的特别展览。1.growing　句意:很多垃圾被越来越多的游客遗留在珠穆朗玛峰上,这困扰了许多人。本题考查形容词。a growing number of表示“越来越多的”,故填growing。
2.when/after　句意:今年五月登山旺季结束以后会有团队来处理这个问题,到那时游客会少一些。本题考查时间状语从句的连接词。设空处可以理解为“在……后”,因此填when或af-ter。3.collection　句意:据登山者和导游Cering Dandar说,在珠穆朗玛峰收垃圾需要经过两到三年的训练。本题考查名词。此处作主语,应用collect的名词形式collection。4.to work　句意:食物给了我们工作和娱乐所需要的力量和能量。本题考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语,故填to work。5.are celebrating　句意:不论我们是正在庆祝重要的场合还是仅仅在和朋友们放松,吃都是一项重要的社交消遣方式。设空处之后的并列连词后面是relaxing,故填are celebrating。6.What　句意:一个特定的民族喜欢吃的东西能告诉我们很多关于一个国家的地理、历史和传统的情况。本题考查名词性从句。此处引导主语从句,从句部分缺少宾语,且此处指物,因此填What。
7.about　句意:一个特定的民族喜欢吃的东西能告诉我们关于一个国家的地理、历史和传统的很多情况。本题考查动词短语。tell sb. about sth.告诉某人某事, 故填介词about。8.where　句意:今年春节一个时髦的选择是去故宫博物院,在那里将会举行一个特别的展览,让游客们进行虚拟的皇室体验。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the Palace Museum,在从句中作地点状语,因此用关系副词where。9.was decorated　句意:整个博物院都被新修复的古代皇家灯笼和春联装饰……。本题考查动词的时态和语态。“装饰”是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,且博物院是“被装饰”,故填was decorated。10.written　句意:……其中包括由五位清朝皇帝写的一套汉字“福”字。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。动词write与其逻辑主语“Fu”之间是被动关系,且设空处表示“完成”,因此用过去分词written。
Passage 3(2019北京朝阳第一学期期中)AThe Darjeeling Himalayan Railway may be the slowest train in the world. Every day the train　1   (climb) over 2,250 meters. Although the entire trip is 80 kilometers, it takes up to ten hours. The railway 　2     (build) in 1881 and has been carefully protected for its cultural importance. Today the train is attractive to the passengers who come from other places　3     (see) the railway and the surrounding mountains. They seem to get a lot of pleasure 　4    its slow speed. For 　5     (fan) of this train, being slow is actually a good thing. As these people say, “slow” has four letters, so does life;“speed” has five letters, so does death.
BI think my memory is good. I use a simple trick to remember people’s names 　6    (clear). When I meet someone and hear the person’s name, I imagine that I can see the name 　7     (write) on the person’s face. So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face, and that is 　8     I never forget a name. When I have to memorize things for school, I walk up and down in the room, 　9    (read) the notes aloud. The methods are very effective and I 　10    (use) them for many years. Compared with me, my brother has a very bad memory. He never remembers his promises. I always have to remind him.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了可能是世界上最慢的火车的大吉岭喜马拉雅铁路,虽然它很慢,但人们似乎乐在其中;B篇介绍了作者提高记忆力的几个小技巧。1.climbs　句意:火车每天爬升2,250米。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的every day可知,这件事是每天重复发生的,应用一般现在时;主语the train为第三人称单数概念,故填climbs。2.was built　句意:铁路是1881年被建成的,一直以来因为文化的重要性被精心保护着。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语in 1881可知,应用一般过去时;build与The railway之间为被动关系,因此本空填was built。3.to see　句意:现在,这列火车对于从其他地方来看这条铁路和周围山脉的旅客来说很有吸引力。本题考查非谓语动词。此处需用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to see。4.from    句意:他们看起来从火车缓慢的速度中得到了很多乐趣。本题考查介词。get pleasure from sth. 指“从某事中得到乐趣”,因此填from。
5.fans　句意:对于这列火车的粉丝们来说,速度慢实际上是件好事。本题考查名词复数形式。fan是可数名词,且此处指的是不止一个粉丝,故填fans。6.clearly　句意:我用了一个简单的技巧清楚地记住人们的名字。本题考查副词。设空处修饰动词remember,因此用clear的副词形式clearly。7.written　句意:……我想象我能看到这个人的名字写在他或她的脸上。本题考查非谓语动词。本句使用“see+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,此处动词write和name之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词作宾补,故填written。8.why/how　句意:……这就是为什么我从来不忘记名字/这就是我从来不忘记名字的方法。本题考查名词性从句,设空处引导表语从句,从句中缺少连接副词,所以本空填why/how。9.reading　句意:当我为了学习需要记忆一些东西时,我在屋里走来走去,大声地读笔记。本题考查非谓语动词。此处为现在分词短语表伴随,故填reading。10.have used/have been using　句意:这些方法非常有效,我已经用了它们很多年了。本题考查动词的时态。该句说“我”已经用了很多年了,可知时间延续到现在,可能会一直用下去,故用现在完成时或现在完成进行时,因此本空填have used或have been using。
Group 2Passage 1(2019北京石景山第一学期期末)AOur school planned a trip for us to study English in another country this holiday.I was excited for it was my first time　1    (travel) abroad. I 　2    (pack)everything I thought I would need into my backpack. I knew I was going to have so much fun.After boarding the bus to the airport, I said goodbye to my parents. I looked out the window of the bus and dreamed about 　3    we would do while on our trip.BDough figurine making (捏面人),also known as dough modelling,is a kind of Chinese folk art.The dough figurine is　4    (simple) made but of high artistic value.It　5    (record) as early as the Han dynasty.Dough figurine craftsmen draw materials based on the required standard.After a repetition of rubbing,twisting and lifting　6    hand, and poking,cutting, and carving by bamboo knife,the craftsman　7     (shape) the body and the face of the figurine gradually.Dressed up with hair acces-sories and clothes,all of a sudden,a vivid artistic figurine comes to life.
CHarry is an American businessman.His job requires him to do a lot of traveling.In the past six months he has made nine trips,　8     purpose is to attend meetings and make presentations. Harry loves to travel and feels each country has a charm of its own.After graduation,Harry decided to make travel part of his career.He wanted to experience different cultures of other　9     (country). He was dreaming of 　10    (work) for an international company.Then his dream came true.Now he’s working for a German hi-tech company.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇记述了作者第一次出国旅游学习英语的经历;B篇简单介绍了面人的制作流程;C篇讲了喜欢体验不同国家文化的Harry毕业后想找一个能经常去世界各地的工作,最终他的梦想实现了。1.to travel　句意:我非常兴奋,因为这是我第一次出国旅游。本题考查不定式。to travel作后置定语修饰my first time,故填to travel。
2.packed　句意:我把我认为我会需要的所有东西都装进了我的背包里。本题考查动词的时态。出国游是假期发生的事情,已经过去,所以用一般过去时,填packed。3.what　句意:我向公共汽车的窗外看,想象着我们在旅途中会做些什么。本题考查名词性从句。设空处引导宾语从句,且该从句中缺少宾语,指“物”,因此用连接词what。4.simply　句意:面人容易制作但是艺术价值很高。本题考查副词。设空处作is made的状语,要用副词,故填simply。5.was recorded　句意:它早在汉朝就已经被记录了。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据the Han dynasty可知,应用一般过去时;record与It之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填was record-ed。6.by　句意:用手重复摩擦、扭转和提拉材料后,……。本题考查介词。by hand表示“用手工”,因此填by。
7.shapes　句意:……手艺人逐渐塑造了面人的身体和脸。本题考查动词的时态。制作的过程是一般事实,用一般现在时,故填shapes。8.whose　句意:过去的半年里他出了九次差,出差的目的是参加会议、做介绍。本题考查定语从句。先行词为nine trips,设空处表示“……的”,因此填whose。9.countries　句意:他想要体验其他国家的不同文化。本题考查名词。other后面的可数名词要用复数形式,因此填countries。10.working　句意:他梦想着为跨国公司工作。本题考查非谓语动词。介词of后用v.-ing形式,因此填working。
Passage 2(2019北京顺义二模)AWhich sea animal is 　1     (good) at escaping? The answer may be the octopus (章鱼). An octopus’body is very soft. There are no bones in it. The small animal has just two little hard parts in 　2    (it) mouth. So it can go into very small spaces. An octopus weighing about 230g can pass 　3     a 2.5cm-wide hole.BI lost my wallet after going shopping last Friday evening. But I didn’t realize it was missing until five hours later. I couldn’t remember 　4     I lost it. I stayed up all night and worried about my wallet. The next day, I went back to the shops that I　5     (visit) and asked about my wallet. A manager at one store came over and said, “Someone turned this in last night. We thought you might come back to look for it,　6     we kept it for you.”
CWhen I was a child, I was a picky eater. There were many 　7     (food) that I didn’t like to eat. But there is one meal I have always loved:grilled(烤的)cheese and tomato soup. It’s just two pieces of toasted bread with cheese in the middle,　8     (serve) with a bowl of tomato soup. This kind of food 　9     (call) “comfort food”. “Comfort food” is simple, easy-to-make and delicious. It always 　10    (taste) great. Your parents might make meals like this for you when you are not feeling well.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了世界上最擅长逃跑的动物——章鱼;B篇讲了作者钱包丢了又回到商店找回的故事;C篇介绍了作者小时候最爱的一种安慰食品。1.best　句意:哪种海洋动物最擅长逃跑?本题考查形容词最高级。good的最高级为不规则变化,故填best。
2.its　句意:这种小动物只在它的嘴里有两个坚硬的部分。本题考查代词。设空处后为名词,此处应用形容词性物主代词,因此填its。3.through　句意:重量大约为230克的章鱼能穿过2.5厘米宽的洞。本题考查介词。“从立体的空间里穿过”用介词through。4.where　句意:我不记得我把钱包丢在哪里了。本题考查名词性从句。此处引导宾语从句,从句部分缺少地点状语,故填where。5.had visited　句意:第二天,我回到了之前去过的商店询问我的钱包。本题考查动词的时态。“我去商店”发生在went back之前,因此使用过去完成时,故填had visited。6.so　我们想你可能会回来找它,所以我们给您保存着。本题考查连词。前后为因果关系,因此本空用连词so。7.foods　句意:我有很多不喜欢吃的食物。本题考查名词。food在此处表示不同种类的食物,故用复数形式foods。
8.served　句意:它只是两片烤面包中间夹着奶酪,配上一碗番茄汤。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。serve和其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词served。9.is called　句意:这种食物被叫作“安慰食物”。本题考查动词的时态和语态。所给词call与this kind of food之间为被动关系,因此用被动语态;此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填is called。10.tastes　句意:它尝起来总是很棒。本题考查动词的时态。该句时间状语是always,表示反复发生的事情应用一般现在时,故填tastes。
Passage 3(2019北京朝阳二模) AMy trip to Paris was so memorable. First of all, the hotel was fantastic. It overlooked the Seine, the famous river I 　1     (read) about in so many poems. We listened to the laughter of the children and watched the river run by 　2     (slow) below. Next, Montmartre was a wonderful place for painters. The air was filled with the sounds of happy people and the smell of paint. 　3     I en-joyed most were the cafes. There I had a cup of coffee and watched people on the street. Everyone had a sense of style.BFootball is a popular sport with fans all over the world. There is, however, an indoor version of the game 　4     (know) as “table football”. It was invented in 1921 and people　5     (get) great pleasure from it since then. The game is played on a special table. Players control their “team”
by turning sticks, to which the “players” are attached. As in real football, 　6     (point) will be awarded when the ball was put in the other players’ goal. Table football requires using hands and eyes together excellently, which is really exciting.CShark attacks can be deadly, but they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people 　7     (injure). You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea 　8    tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are dangerous to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed 　9    food and medicine every year. As a result, some kinds of sharks may die out completely. 　10     (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了作者的巴黎之旅的难忘经历;B篇介绍了室内版本的足球运动——桌上足球;C篇讲了鲨鱼攻击人类是致命的,但人类为了食物和药材捕杀鲨鱼也威胁到了它们的生存,一些国家已采取措施保护鲨鱼。1.had read　句意:从酒店可以俯视塞纳河,我在很多首诗中读到过的那条著名的河。本题考查动词的时态。读有关塞纳河的诗发生在我去巴黎之前,因此用过去完成时,故填had read。2.slowly　句意:我们听孩子们的笑声,看下面的河水缓缓流过。本题考查副词。修饰动词短语run by,因此用slow的副词形式slowly。3.What　句意:我最喜欢的是咖啡馆。本题考查名词性从句。此处引导主语从句,从句中缺少enjoyed的宾语,指物,因此填What。4.known　句意:然而有个室内版本的足球游戏,叫作“桌上足球”。本题考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语,动词know和被修饰词之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词known。5.have got　句意:它是1921年被发明的,从那以后人们从中获得了很多快乐。本题考查动词的时态。since then和现在完成时连用,因此填have got。
6.points　句意:和在真正的足球运动中一样,把球射入对方球门就会得分。本题考查名词。point是可数名词,且前面没有冠词,故用复数形式points。7.are injured　本题考查动词的时态和语态。此处陈述的是一般事实,故使用一般现在时;动词injure与people之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态,故填are injured。8.where　句意:你更容易在海上的某些地方被鲨鱼攻击,在这些地方游客们会投掷食物以招引它们。本题考查定语从句。先行词为parts of the sea,设空处在从句中作地点状语,因此填关系副词where。9.for　句意:每年6000万鲨鱼因为被当作食物和药材而被杀。本题考查介词。be killed for表示“因……而被杀”,故填for。10.To protect    句意:为了保护这些奇妙的动物,一些国家已经启动了一些项目来帮助它们生存。本题考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语,因此填To protect。
Group 3Passage 1(2019北京朝阳第一学期期末)AI love the desert 　1     it makes me feel peaceful. I especially like the orange and red sunset in the desert. When the night 　2    (come), I lay my blanket, build a fire, and eat some dinner. Then I like lying on the sand and looking at the countless 　3     (star) in the sky. At this time I can feel more relaxed. I’ll wait for another beautiful picture in the morning, the sunrise.BAs the world’s population grows, a lot of wild animals 　4     (force) to leave their natural home. Many wild animals are in danger. People kill them for food or fur, or because they compete with
humans for food supplies. 　5     (lucky), animal rescue organizations are working hard 　6     (preserve) endangered animals and give them help. More and more people are realizing the impor-tance of protecting wild animals.CSmoke jumpers are a special type of firefighter. They jump from planes into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot. When they arrive there, they first examine the land and decide 　7     to fight the fire. Their main goal is to stop a fire from 　8     (spread). They will use basic equipment to clear land of plants and other dry materials. The work is dangerous, 　9    they love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 38-year-old Alexi Tishin, who　10     (work) as a smoke jumper for 15 years, says, “This is the best job for tough guys.”
答案    [语篇解读]　 A篇讲述了作者对于沙漠的喜爱;B篇讲述了很多野生动物的生存受到了威胁,越来越多的人和机构开始保护野生动物;C篇讲述了空降森林灭火员的工作。1.because　句意:我喜爱沙漠,因为它让我感到宁静。本题考查连词。设空处前后是因果关系,因此填because。2.comes　句意:当夜晚降临,我铺上毯子,点着篝火,吃些晚饭。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处表示“现在的习惯性动作”,因此用一般现在时,主语the night为单数,故填comes。3.stars　句意:然后我喜欢躺在沙子上,看着天上无数的星星。本题考查名词。star是可数名词,前面有countless“无数的”修饰,因此用其复数形式stars。4.are forced　句意:随着世界人口增长,许多野生动物被迫离开了它们的自然家园。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据前后文可知应用一般现在时,动词force与animals之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,因此填are forced。
5.Luckily　句意:幸运的是,动物援救组织正在努力工作以保护这些濒危动物并给予它们帮助。本题考查副词。设空处位于句首作状语,需用副词形式,故填Luckily。6.to preserve　句意:幸运的是,动物援救组织正在努力工作以保护这些濒危动物并给予它们帮助。本题考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to preserve。7.how　句意:他们到火灾现场后,首先检查那片土地,决定如何救火。本题考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句,且从句中缺少方式状语,表示“如何”,因此用how来连接。8.spreading　句意:他们的主要目标是阻止火势蔓延。本题考查非谓语动词。stop sth. from doing sth. 阻止某物做某事,因此填spreading。9.but　句意:这份工作很危险,但是他们喜欢能够从飞机中跳出来、救火并住在森林里。本题考查连词。前后是转折关系,因此填but。10.has worked    句意:38岁的Alexi Tishin当空降森林灭火员已经15年了,他说:“对硬汉们来说这是最棒的工作。”本题考查时态。到现在为止这份工作他已经干了15年,因此用现在完成时,故填has worked。
Passage 2(2019北京东城第一学期期末)AThe Warwick Cheese Festival takes place in June every year. This annual event is the biggest cheese festival in North America, 　1    (attract) tens of thousands of Canadians and 　2     (visi-tor) from all over the world. They can try over 100 kinds of cheese made all over Quebec at the festival. And they 　3     (invite) to vote for the People’s Choice Prize of the year.BThe winter break was fast approaching. All Scott wanted to do was to go skiing. 　4     (fortunately), Scott’s parents had different plans. They had booked a weeklong trip to Hawaii. Scott hated hot weather and asked 　5     he could just stay at his best friend’s house so that he could ski every day. His parents didn’t want to hear anything of it. He kept 　6     (debate) with them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was a tradition that they spent the winter break together.
CAlthough he is only eleven years old, James helps the aged. Every day, he goes to Redhill 　7     train to help three old people with their housework and shopping. In this way, he has made their lives much easier. It is through James’ hard work that a Neighbourhood Care Program has been started. So far, James and his friends 　8     (form) a group of young volunteers to seek out the people 　9     need help. They do this without funding and without recognition. Their main aim is 　10     (make) a difference through personal sacrifice.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇介绍了加拿大的Warwick奶酪节;B篇讲述了寒假快到了,尽管Scott想要去滑雪,他的父母还是坚持一家人在一起度假的传统;C篇讲述了年仅11岁的James组织年轻的志愿者帮助老人的故事。1.attracting　句意:这个一年一度的活动是北美洲最盛大的奶酪节日,吸引了数以万计的加拿大人和来自全世界的游客。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。attract和主语是逻辑上的主动关系,因此用现在分词形式attracting。2.visitors　本题考查名词。visitor是可数名词,表示“来自全世界的游客”应用名词复数,故填visitors。3.are invited　句意:他们还被邀请为每年的人民选择奖投票。本题考查动词的时态和语态。因为节日是每年都举行的,重复发生的事情用一般现在时,且invite与they之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填are invited。4.Unfortunately　句意:Scott只想去滑雪,不幸的是,他的父母有不同的计划。本题考查副词。根据句意可知,设空处标志着前后文的转折,因此填Unfortunately。
5.if/whether　句意:Scott讨厌炎热的天气,他问他的父母他是否可以待在自己最好的朋友家,这样他就能每天滑雪了。本题考查宾语从句。因为设空处表示“是否”,因此填if或whether。6.debating　句意:他一直和他的父母争论这个问题,但是他们不肯改变主意。本题考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.一直做某事,故填debating。7.by　句意:James每天都乘火车去Redhill帮助三位老人做家务及购物。本题考查介词。“by+交通工具”表示“搭乘某种交通工具”,因此填by。8.have formed　句意:到目前为止,James和他的朋友们已经组成了一个年轻的志愿者团队来找出需要帮助的人们。本题考查动词的时态。时间状语是so far,时态应用现在完成时,因此填have formed.9.who/that　句意:到目前为止,James和他的朋友们已经组成了一个年轻的志愿者团队来找到需要帮助的人们。本题考查定语从句。先行词是people,关系词在定语从句中作主语且指“人”,因此填who或that。10.to make　句意:他们的主要目的是通过个人的牺牲来起作用。本题考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作表语,表示目的,因此填to make。
Passage 3(2019北京昌平二模)AI love music. When I was 16, I formed my first band called “Frog”. At the beginning, we de-pended　1    playing instruments in the street to earn money. Then we wore false beards pretend-ing to be famous musicians. In addition, we added humorous acts to our performances and played jokes on one another. Soon, our “funny jazz” became famous and we　2    (invite) to perform everywhere. Afterwards, we made a record in a studio. About one million　3    (copy) were sold and we became rich and popular.BVoyages of people from England played　4    important part in spreading the English language. At present, English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries.　5    (base)on British English, English spoken in these countries can be understood well by native Eng-lish speakers. But actually, English has been changing　6    (gradual) in terms of accents,
spellings, expressions and vocabulary usage. Because of these facts, you can recognize the differ-ences and tell from which country a foreigner comes. CCharlie Chaplin was an extraordinary performer　7    acted in and directed many outstanding comedies. Few were bored in　8    (watch) his moustache, his gestures or his entertaining reac-tions when chased by detectives. Being drunk, sliding on a banana peel or whispering his own fail-ures to nobody, he made　9    (we) feel more satisfied with our life without even having to use one word. His unique sense of humor　10    (astonish) people across the world even till this day.
答案    [语篇解读]　A篇讲了作者的乐队从一开始街头表演到最后出唱片赚钱出名的故事;B篇介绍了使用英语的国家非常广泛以及英语的变化;C篇介绍了著名的喜剧艺术家卓别林和他的影响力。1.on/upon　句意:一开始,我们靠在街上弹奏乐器挣钱。本题考查动词短语。depend on/upon表示“依赖,依靠”,因此填on或upon。2.were invited　句意:不久,我们的“滑稽爵士乐”出名了,我们被邀请到各地演出。本题考查动词的时态和语态。由全文可知,讲的是过去的事,应用一般过去时,invite和we之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填were invited。3.copies　句意:大约一百万张唱片被卖出,我们变得有钱又出名。本题考查名词单复数。设空处之前的数量是大约一百万,copy是可数名词,故用复数形式copies。4.an　句意:英国人的航行对于英语的传播起着重要的作用。本题考查冠词。play a part in为固定搭配,表示“在……中起作用”,part前有以元音音素开头的important修饰,因此本题填an。
5.Based    句意:以英式英语为基础,在这些国家说的英语能够非常好地被母语为英语的人理解。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处的动词base和主语English之间是逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词Based。6.gradually　句意:但是实际上,英语已经逐渐在口音、拼写、表达和词汇使用上发生了变化。本题考查副词。此处修饰has been changing,应用gradual的副词形式gradually。7.who/that　句意:查理·卓别林是个出演并导演了很多杰出喜剧的很棒的演员。本题考查定语从句。先行词指人,设空处在从句中作主语,故填who或that。8.watching　句意:很少有人会对观看他的胡子、姿势和当他被侦探追赶的时候搞笑的反应感到厌烦。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。介词后加动名词,因此本题填watching。9.us　句意:……他甚至一句话都不用说就能让我们对自己的生活感到更满意。本题考查人称代词。此处作made的宾语,应用宾格形式,因此填us。10.has astonished　句意:甚至直到今天,他独特的幽默感依然让全世界的人感到惊奇。本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语till this day可知,应用现在完成时,因此填has astonished。
Group 4Passage 1(2018浙江温州二模)A bobcat amazingly survived a 50-mile journey while it was stuck in the grille(保护汽车散热器的金属格栅)of a Virginia woman’s car. The 　1    (drive) was heading to work at around 7a.m. when she　2    (hear)a strange sound—but she didn’t stop. An hour　3    (late), she pulled into Virginia University and spotted the　4    (frighten)cat in the grille, according to the local station.Peter, a worker from Richmond Animal Care, rushed to　5    scene and was astonished to find the animal in good shape.“The cat was　6    (complete)fine. It’s unbelievable,”he told the station.“The only thing holding it up was a wire around its stomach and one plastic piece under its chest.”The cat“hissed”(发嘶嘶声)at Peter, so he calmed it and removed it　7    the car. Then he and other　8    (colleague)transported it to the animal center,　9    it was examined for injury.“The lucky cat suffered only one minor cut on　10    (it)back and it was just wonderful to know the cat made it through such a crazy situation,”Peter said.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。一只短尾猫被卡在汽车保护散热器的金属格栅里,女司机在不知情的情况下行驶了1个小时后才发现那只短尾猫。令人惊奇的是,那只短尾猫竟然活了下来,只受了点儿轻伤。1.driver　句意:大约在早上7点那位司机正要去上班,这时她听到有一种奇怪的声音——但她并没有停下来。本题考查名词。设空处作句子的主语,应填名词,故填driver。2.heard　本题考查时态。设空处表示过去的行为,故用一般过去时,故填heard。3.later　句意:一小时后,她将车停在了弗吉尼亚大学,这时才发现那只恐惧的猫正被困在保护汽车散热器的金属格栅里。“一段时间+later”表示:一段时间之后。4.frightened　考查形容词作定语。frightened感到害怕的;frightening令人害怕的。设空处表示“感到害怕的”,故填frightened。5.the　句意:一位来自里士满动物中心的工作人员彼得迅速赶到现场,惊奇地发现那只猫状态良好。此处特指名词scene(事发现场),故填定冠词the。
6.completely　句意:他告诉电台:“那只猫一切安好,真不可思议。”设空处作fine的状语,故用副词形式completely。7.from　句意:那只猫向着彼得发出嘶嘶声,因此他使它平静下来并把它从车上取了出来。考查介词。remove...from...意为“将……从……取出”。8.colleagues　句意:后来他和其他同事把它送到了动物中心,在那里他们对那只猫进行了检查看它是否受伤。根据常识及other可推知设空处填名词复数形式,故填colleagues。9.where　本题考查定语从句。先行词为the animal wildlife center,将先行词代入定语从句中可知关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。10.its　根据设空处后的back可知,此处需用形容词性物主代词作定语,根据上下文可知设空处填its。
高级语块　1.pull into...驶入……后停下　2.rush to the scene赶到现场
长难句　The only thing holding it up was a wire around its stomach and one plastic piece under its chest.唯一支撑它的东西就是它腹部周围的一根金属线和胸部下的一片塑料。本句的主干为:The only thing was a wire and one plastic piece。其中holding it up作thing的定语;around its stomach作a wire的定语;under its chest作one plastic piece的定语。
Passage 2(2018山东济宁一模)Around three in five people in the UK will find　1    necessary to care for an elderly or a disabled loved one at some point. This can be made much　2    (easy)by bearing in mind a few simple prin-ciples and pieces of advice.　3    (care)for an elderly loved one, most likely a parent,is never easy. It can cause great pain emotionally and　4    (physical)and the financial challenges can sometimes seem difficult to deal with,too.Often one of the hardest things is striking a balance between your parent’s desire　5    (feel)independent and the need to ensure that they are safe and their health needs are being attended to. Sometimes this can create tensions and　6    (argue),only adding to the stress of an already diffi-cult situation. It is important here to make them feel that they are being listened to and　7    you only have their best interests at heart.
The same applies　8    financial issues. In order to cover the costs of their parents’ care—including bills and medicine—many people will investigate options such as selling the family home. The most important thing here is communication—it is vital to make sure that everyone involved,including other brothers and sisters,　9    (be)aware of what’s being proposed and cooperates to find a solution　10    satisfies everybody.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文,介绍了在照顾年迈的亲人时应该注意的事项。1.it　句意:大约有五分之三的英国人都认为有必要在某种情况下照顾年迈的或有残疾的亲人。本题考查代词。设空处用it作形式宾语,to care for an elderly or a disabled loved one at some point为真正的宾语。2.easier　句意:通过牢记一些简单的原则和建议就可以使这件事变得容易得多。根据设空处前的much可知设空处用形容词比较级形式。修饰形容词比较级的副词有much, rather, even, still等。
3.Caring　句意:照顾年迈的亲人,最可能是自己的父亲或母亲,从来就不容易。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。设空处泛指某种行为而非具体某一次的行为,故填动名词形式Caring。4.physically　句意:那可能会给人们的身心造成很大的痛苦,并且经济困难有时也似乎很难处理。根据设空处前的emotionally可推知设空处需用副词physically与emotionally并列作状语。5.to feel　句意:一方面,你父亲或母亲有独立生活的愿望;另一方面,需要确保他们的安全和他们的健康需求正在被处理。通常在这两方面达到平衡是最困难的事情之一。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。名词desire后需用不定式作定语,故填to feel。6.arguments　句意:有时这可能会造成紧张和争执,……。argument(争执)为可数名词,根据设空处前的tensions(复数形式)可推知设空处需填名词复数形式,故填arguments。7.that　句意:让他们感到他们在被倾听并且你只把他们的最大利益一直挂在心上是很重要的。“　7    you only have their best interests at heart”和“that they are being listened to”并列作feel的宾语;设空处所在的宾语从句不缺任何成分,故用that引导,且不能省略。
8.to    本题考查动词短语。apply to为固定短语,意为“适用于”。9.is　本题考查主谓一致。设空处为谓语,主语是everyone,属于单数第三人称,故填is。10.that/which　本题考查定语从句。先行词为a solution,将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指“物”,故填that或which。
高级语块　1.bear in mind牢记　2.strike a balance between...and...达到……和……之间的平衡
长难句　...it is vital to make sure that everyone involved,including other brothers and sisters,is aware of what’s being proposed and cooperates to find a solution that/which satisfies everybody.……确保相关人员,包括其他的兄弟姐妹,都明白你的提议并和你共同找到使每个人都满意的解决方法至关重要。本句中不定式短语作主语,it为形式主语,to make sure后面的部分为宾语从句。该宾语从句中everyone为主语,is aware of和cooperates由and连接作并列谓语;what’s being proposed作宾语;to find a solution 作目的状语;that/which satisfies everybody为定语从句,先行词为a solution。
Passage 3(2018山东淄博一模)British Prime Minister Theresa Mary May paid an　1    (office)visit to China from Jan. 31 to Feb. 2. She said in her　2    (speak)on Jan. 31,“With the building of the global comprehensive strategic partnership towards the 21st century between China and the UK, the relationship has　3    (deep)by people-to-people and cultural exchanges between the two countries.”In exchanges between China and the UK, British tea has become a cultural part that has to be mentioned. Tea,　4    the important goods of the ancient Maritime Silk Road, was once an important carrier of Sino-British trade relations, and has existed for thousands of years. Through business and trade　5    has covered more than 10,000 kilometers and 100 years,Chinese tea has officially entered every corner of Europe. The UK, however, is the European country most　6    (affect)by tea culture.The popularity of tea-drinking in Britain was first limited to the royal family. Later, when expensive　7    (tea)were sold in certain cafes, women were initially not allowed to enter. It wasn’t　8    1706 that Thomas Twining founded the world’s first dry tea and coffee shop in London. The tea shop quickly became a favorite place for London women.　9    (strong)promoted by those fashionable women,　10    (taste)tea gradually became popular among the upper class of Britain. In the eyes of people who love tea culture all over the world, Twinings tea has become a representative of British tea.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文。介绍了英国茶文化的发展历史。1.official　句意:英国首相特蕾莎·玛丽·梅从1月31日至2月2日对中国进行了正式访问。设空处作名词visit的定语,由此可推知设空处需用形容词形式。official为形容词,意为“官方的,正式的”。2.speech　句意:在1月31日的演讲中,她说:“随着中英两国面向21世纪全球全面战略伙伴关系的构建,通过两国间的人际和文化交流,这种关系得到了加强。”设空处作介词in的宾语,意为“演讲”,故填名词speech。3.deepened/been deepened　根据设空处前的has可知设空处应与has一起构成现在完成时形式;deepen可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,意为“加深,加强”;由此可知设空处填deepened或been deepened。4.as　句意:作为古代海上丝绸之路的重要商品,茶叶曾经是中英贸易关系的重要载体,到现在已经存在数千年了。根据设空处后的名词goods可知设空处应为介词,意为“作为”,故填as。5.that/which　句意:通过覆盖1万多公里、历经100多年的商贸活动,中国的茶叶已经正式进入
欧洲的每个角落。介词短语“Through business and trade　5    has covered more than10,000 kilometers and 100 years”作状语;其中“　5    has covered more than 10,000 kilometers and 100 years”为限制性定语从句,先行词为business and trade,将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指“事物”,故填that或which。6.affected　句意:然而英国是受茶文化影响最大的欧洲国家。考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词country与affect为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词affected。7.teas　句意:后来,当昂贵的茶叶在某些咖啡馆出售时,起初女性是不允许进入的。考查主谓一致。根据谓语动词were可知,主语需用名词复数形式,故填teas。8.until    句意:直到1706年,托马斯·川宁才在伦敦创立了世界第一家干茶和咖啡馆。本题考查not...until,即It be not until...that...。根据本句句子结构可知设空处填until。9.Strongly　句意:在那些时尚女性的强力推动下,品茶在英国上层社会逐渐流行起来。设空处作状语,表示promoted的程度,故填副词Strongly。10.tasting　设空处作主语,意为“品(茶)”,故用非谓语动词形式;设空处并不表示具体某一次的行为,因此用动名词作主语。综上所述设空处填tasting。
高级语块　1.pay an official visit to...对……进行正式访问2.the global comprehensive strategic partnership全球全面战略伙伴关系
长难句　Tea, as the important goods of the ancient Maritime Silk Road, was once an important carrier of Sino-British trade relations, and has existed for thousands of years.作为古代海上丝绸之路的重要商品,茶叶曾经是中英贸易关系的重要载体,到现在已经存在数千年了。本句的主语是Tea,and连接的was once an important carrier of Sino-British trade relations和has existed for thousands of years为并列关系。
Group 5Passage 1(2017河北石家庄一模)Chinese are the first people to have tea. One thousand and two hundred years ago,Lu Yu wrote a book called “The Classic of Tea”,　1    is honored as “The Bible of Tea”. The book gives a detailed　2    (explain)of the origin,the processing skills and the classification of tea. However,Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea　3    (it).Take green tea for instance,the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius. If the water is too hot,nutrients(营养物)in the tea　4    (destroy). On the other hand, if the water is not hot enough, the tea　5    (leaf) won’t open up and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor. So Chinese people are accus-tomed　6    drinking hot tea. When you visit a Chinese friend,your friend will　7    (constant)add hot water to your empty tea cup. It is polite　8    (offer)the tea cup to guests with both hands. Of course,the guests should pay respect as well　9    (take) over the cup with both hands.Talking about adding water to the tea cup,there is　10    saying:Wine full,full cup. Tea half,half cup. For wine,a full cup symbolizes whole heartiness. For tea,a half cup means modesty.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文,介绍了中国的茶文化。1.which　根据设空处前的逗号可知本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为book,指“物”,将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语,故填which。2.explanation　设空处作宾语,故设空处应填名词,根据设空处前的不定冠词可知设空处填ex-planation。3.itself　句意:然而中国茶文化远远超出了茶本身。itself作tea的同位语。4.will be destroyed　句意:如果水温太高,茶里的营养将会被破坏。条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,因此主句用一般将来时;nutrients与destroy之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,因此填will be destroyed。5.leaves　根据常识可知设空处需用名词复数形式,故填leaves。6.to　句意:因此中国人习惯于饮热茶。be accustomed to为固定短语,意为:习惯于。7.constantly　设空处作状语,故填副词constantly。
8.to offer　it为形式主语,设空处用不定式形式作真正的主语;It is polite后常用不定式作真正主语,故填to offer。9.taking　本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语the guests与take为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。10.a　saying为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指,故填a。
高级语块　be accustomed to习惯于
长难句　One thousand and two hundred years ago,Lu Yu wrote a book called “The Classic of Tea”,which is honored as “The Bible of Tea”.1200年前,陆羽写了一本名叫《茶经》的书,这本书被尊为“茶的圣经”。本句为复合句。过去分词短语called “The Classic of Tea”作a book的定语; which引导的是非限制性定语从句。
Passage 2(2017山西临汾适应性训练II)Once upon a time, there was a flock of doves that flew in search of food　1    (lead) by their king. One day, they had flown a long distance and were very tired. The dove king 　2    (courage) them to fly a little further. The　3    (small) of them picked up speed and found some rice beneath an apple tree. So all the doves headed and began to eat.Suddenly a net fell over　4    (they) and they were all trapped. They saw　5    hunter approaching carrying a huge stick. The doves desperately fluttered their wings trying to get out, but　6    vain. The king advised all the doves to fly up to-gether carrying the net with them. Each dove picked up a part of the net and together they flew off carrying the net with them. The hunter looked up in 　7    (astonish).He tried to follow them,but they were flying high over hills and valleys. They flew to a hill,　8     there lived a mouse. The dove king called out the mouse and explained what　9    (happen).Then the mouse set the doves 　10    (freely)by cutting the net and they flew away together.Unity is strength.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。作者通过讲述一个小故事告诉读者:团结就是力量。1.led　本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语a flock of doves与lead为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词led。2.encouraged　句意:鸽王鼓励它们再飞得远一点。设空处在句中作谓语,故用动词encourage;本句讲的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时。3.smallest　根据第一句中的a flock of doves可知这群鸽子不可能是两只,至少是三只或三只以上。再根据设空处前的定冠词The可知设空处需用形容词最高级形式,故填smallest。4.them　设空处作宾语,故用宾格形式them。5.a　设空处后的名词hunter在本句中表示泛指且以辅音音素开头,故填a。6.in　in vain为固定短语,意为:徒劳,无效。7.astonishment　in astonishment为固定短语,意为:惊讶地。8.where　本题考查定语从句。先行词为hill,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。9.had happened　happen先于explained发生,表示“过去的过去”,故设空处用过去完成时。10.free　set...free为固定短语,意为:释放,解放。
高级语块　flutter one’s wings拍打翅膀
Passage 3(2017湖南师大附中阶段检测I)Chinese kung fu, also known as wushu or martial arts, is one of the most well-known examples of traditional Chinese culture. It is 　1    (probable)one of the 　2    (early)and longest lasting sports which uses both muscles and brain.The theory of kung fu is based 　3    classical Chinese philosophy. It has developed as 　4     u-nique combination of exercise, practical self-defense,self-discipline and art.It is thought that Chinese kung fu 　5    (date)back to primitive society. At that time people used sticks 　6    (fight)against wild beasts. Gradually they accumulated(积累)more and more　7    (experience)in self-defense.Chinese kung fu is a large system of theory and practice. It combines 　8    (skill)of self-defense and health-keeping.In Chinese kung fu, however, a　9    (different)is made between“external”and“internal”kung fu. It is said that in external kung fu, you exercise your tendons, bones and skin;in internal kung fu, you train your spirit, your qi and your mind.And internal kung fu can continue later in life, 　10     the external body weakens.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文为说明文。主要介绍了中国功夫的起源及发展。1.probably　设空处用副词作状语,故填probably。2.earliest　根据本句中的longest可推知设空处用形容词最高级形式,故填earliest。3.on　be based on为固定短语,意为:以……为基础。4.a　combination在句中表泛指,故用不定冠词;设空处后第一个单词unique以辅音音素开头,故填a。5.dates　date back to追溯到,该短语常用一般现在时。6.to fight　设空处用不定式作目的状语,故填to fight。7.experience　句意:渐渐地,他们积累了越来越多的自卫经验。experience作“经验”讲时为不可数名词,故填experience。8.skills　根据“of self-defense and health-keeping”及常识可知设空处用名词复数,故填skills。
9.difference　根据设空处前的不定冠词及设空处在句中作主语可知设空处需填名词形式,故填difference。10.when　设空处用when引导时间状语从句。
高级语块　1.martial arts武术　2.primitive society原始社会
长难句　It is said that in external kung fu, you exercise your tendons, bones and skin; in internal kung fu, you train your spirit, your qi and your mind.据说,练外功,你锻炼你的筋、骨、皮;练内功,你练你的精、气、神。It is said that...据说……,其中it作形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。
C组  2017—2019年高考模拟·应用创新题组Passage 1(2019 5·3原创冲刺卷一)Kofi Annan, former Secretary General of the United Nations and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, died 　1    the age of 80.Annan, who was born in Ghana in 1938, served as the　2    (seven) UN Secretary General, from 1997 to 2006, and was the first to rise from within the ranks of the United Nations staff. Annan　3  (award) the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with the United Nations in 2001“for their work for a bet-ter organized　4    more peaceful world”.Annan was the chief architect of what became 　5    (know) as the Millennium Development Goals,and played a central role in　6    (creat)The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the UN’s first counter-terrorism strategy. Annan kept connections to many international　7    (organization). He was the president of the University of Ghana, a fellow at New York’s Columbia University, and the professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy in Singapore.Former President George W. Bush released　8    statement saying, “Laura and I send our sympathies to Nane and the Annan family on the passing of Kofi Annan. He was a gentle man and a 　9    (tire) leader of the United Nations. 　10    (he) voice of experience will be missed around the world.”
答案    [语篇解读]　本文是对联合国前秘书长科菲·安南的一篇报道,他为和平与人权奉献终身,将永远被世人铭记。1.at　考查介词。文中表达的含义是“在他80岁的时候去世”,用介词at。2.seventh　考查序数词。文中表达的是安南作为第七任联合国秘书长,所以应该用序数词的形式。3.was awarded　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表示安南被授予诺贝尔和平奖,故应用被动语态,又因为主语为单数形式且文章的时态主要为一般过去时,所以用was awarded。4.and　考查连词。better organized与more peaceful形成并列关系,所以用连词and。5.known　考查固定搭配。become known as...被称为……。6.creating　考查非谓语动词。play a role in doing sth.在做某事中起作用,故填creating。7.organizations　考查名词复数。根据句意及上文的many可知用organization的复数形式orga-nizations。8.a　考查冠词。此处泛指一份声明,所以用不定冠词a。9.tireless　考查形容词。根据句意,此处表达的是“不知疲倦的”,所以用tireless。10.His　考查代词。此处修饰名词,需要用形容词性物主代词。
Passage 2(2019 5·3原创冲刺卷二)People often ask and 　1    (ask) what is the most important thing in life. Some people answer that family is the most important and others say love, work or money. In my opinion, health is the most important in life. However, how to keep healthy?Firstly, being positive. A positive attitude 　2    life is good for health. It also brings you power　3     (overcome) disease. Secondly, taking exercise regularly. Taking exercise regularly or even ev-ery day helps you build a strong body, 　4     is the base of health. Exercise can improve　5    abil-ity of the body to fight disease. Thirdly, making friends, because friendship can greatly influence your health. Many　6    (study) show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than those who don?t. I always feel　7     (good) when I am with friends than when I am alone. Finally, eating 　8    (proper), having a good rest and building normal daily routine 　9     (be) al-so important to us.Health is a problem we should attach 　10     (important) to. Only by building a healthy body can we live a better life.
答案    [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在生活中最重要的东西是什么。在作者看来, 健康是最重要的。1.are asked　句意:人们经常问和被问及在生活中什么是最重要的东西。由此可知,空格处应填are asked。2.to/towards　句中“attitude”意为“态度,看法”。根据习惯用法,表示“对……的态度/看法”,其后接介词to或towards。3.to overcome　power意为“力量”,后面接不定式作定语,表示“……的力量”。4.which　此处应填入关系代词which,引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a strong body。5.the　句意:锻炼能够提高身体抵抗疾病的能力。此处特指“抵抗疾病的能力”,故空格处应填入定冠词,表示特指。
6.studies　分析句意可知,此处study是名词,意为“研究”。结合其前的Many以及后面的show可知,此处应使用其复数形式studies。7.better　根据句中的than一词的提示可知,此处填提示词的比较级形式better。 8.properly　此处使用副词作状语。9.are　该句中主语是多种情况,故谓语动词用复数形式。又因为整篇文章用的都是一般现在时,故填are。10.importance　attach importance to...是固定搭配,意为“重视……”。