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    专题38书面表达之读写任务及概要写作-2023年高考英语一轮复习 精讲与精练资料(教师版)

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    这是一份专题38书面表达之读写任务及概要写作-2023年高考英语一轮复习 精讲与精练资料(教师版),共22页。

    [提醒] 一个自然段不一定是一个要点,有时几个自然段说明一个要点,有时一个自然段包含数个要点。
    第2步 去次留精,提炼关键信息
    ·明确全文的篇章结构后, 就要处理原文的内容,目的是保留主要内容,删除次要内容。
    ·先找出主题句,同时标注与主题相关的关键词,最后归纳的要点往往是这些词句的同义转述。
    ·原文描述性的语言、细节性的信息如列举数字和列举的事例等无须在概要中一一列出。
    第3步 归纳要点 合理转换表达
    明确每个意义段的关键信息后,接下来应用自己的语言准确地表达各意义段的要点。 为避免和原文的句子重复, 可利用同义转述和句式转换这两种形式归纳要点。各要点的词数应根据文中对应内容的篇幅来定,分清主次。
    转换表达注意遵循2个原则
    ①不增不减不曲:客观精准地表述原文要点,不增添不属于原材料的信息或删减原材料关键信息或改变原材料所表达的意思。
    ②不繁:在正确理解原文的前提下,用简洁的语言表达与所给材料一致的信息。
    第4步 句式多样 注意过渡衔接
    在概要中合理使用非谓语、从句和特殊句式等使句式丰富多样,但句子结构不可过长,也不要用太复杂的句子结构。同时选用适当的过渡衔接词衔接上下文,保证概要部分内容的连贯性。
    【题型分析】
    1、请阅读下面有关中国题材纪录片(dcumentary)的对话,并按照要求用英语写一篇150个词左右的文章。
    Su Hua: Hi, Li Jiang! Did yu see the BBC dcumentary n CCTV 9 last week?
    Li Jiang: Yu mean Du Fu: China’s Greatest Pet? Yes, I did. Fantastic!
    Su Hua: Just think an English actr recites Chinese pems.
    Li Jiang: I dn’t really understand every line he recites, but I believe he truly lves the pems himself.
    Su Hua: Right. It is reprted that the film is well received utside China.
    Li Jiang: Yeah, It’s my first time t hear Chinese stries tld by an English speaker.
    Su Hua: In fact, dcumentaries abut ur cuntry are plentiful bth at hme and abrad. These films can help freign friends better understand this land-Chinese literature, gegraphy histry, fd...
    Li Jiang: I culdn’t agree mre.
    (写作内容)
    1.用约30个词概括上述对话的主要内容;
    2.谈谈中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因(至少两点)。
    (写作要求)
    1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
    2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
    3.不必写标题。
    (评分标准)
    内容完整语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
    ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【答案】
    CCTV 9 bradcast Du Fu: China’s Greatest Pet, a dcumentary prduced by BBC. This well-made film prvides freign audiences with a fresh way f better knwing China’s past and present.
    Dcumentaries abut China, prduced either in China r in ther cuntries, are becming increasingly ppular amng freigners. Fr ne thing, the verall develpment ver the past decades has been s striking that they feel eager t familiarize themselves with what is ging n in China.
    Fr anther, China enjys a lng histry and rich culture. It has always been an attractin fr thse wh are keen n anything that is Chinese. These dcumentaries present a splendid picture f China in frnt f their audiences-it histry, landscape, art, fd, r even traditinal Chinese medicine.
    Because f these films, sme freigners have begun t think f cming t China. In this way, they can frm a true picture f China themselves.
    【解析】
    【分析】
    这是一篇读写任务。
    【详解】
    第一步:审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。要求阅读中国题材纪录片的对话,写一篇150个词文章。包括两部分。(一)、用30词概括对话内容。(二)、谈谈中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因。要求至少两点原因。
    第二步:布局段落,确定主要段落,次要段落,段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为四段。第一段,概括对话内容。第二段和第三段,中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因。第四段,总结因为电影吸引外国人想来到中国。
    第三步:确定关键词汇和短语: prduced by, prvide…with, either…r, be keen n, present , because f, in this way, the verall develpment,s striking that,feel eager t familiarize themselves with.
    第四步:确定较为高级的句子: 非谓语动词结构a dcumentary prduced by BBC; 定语从句的运用:It has always been an attractin fr thse wh are keen n anything that is Chinese.
    第五步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接: fr ne thing, fr anther.
    第六步:注意书写,保持卷面整洁,避免划线,乱擦。
    【点睛】
    文章思路清晰,语言规范,段落整齐,语篇连贯,层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: 非谓语动词结构a dcumentary prduced by BBC; 定语从句的运用:It has always been an attractin fr thse wh are keen n anything that is Chinese. 状语从句和宾语从句的运用 the verall develpment ver the past decades has been s striking that they feel eager t familiarize themselves with what is ging n in China.这些高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次,整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力
    2、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
    Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, authr f The A t Z Guide t Raising Happy and Cnfident Kids, says, “We’ve gne t the ppsite extreme f a few decades ag when parents tended t be mre strict.” By giving kids a lt f praise, parents think they’re building their children’s cnfidence, when, in fact, it may be just the ppsite. T much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid t try new things r take a risk fr fear f nt being able t stay n tp where their parents’ praise has put them.
    Still, dn’t g t far in the ther directin. Nt giving enugh praise can be just as damaging as giving t much. Kids will feel like they’re nt gd enugh r that yu dn’t care and, as a result, may see n pint in trying hard fr their accmplishments.
    S what is the right amunt f praise? Experts say that the quality f praise is mre imprtant than the quantity. If praise is sincere and fcused n the effrt nt the utcme, yu can give it as ften as yur child des smething that deserves a verbal reward. “We shuld especially recgnize ur children’s effrts t push themselves and wrk hard t achieve a gal,” says Dnahue, authr f Parenting Withut Fear: Letting G f Wrry and Fcusing n What Really Matters. “One thing t remember is that it’s the prcess nt the end prduct that matters.”
    Yur sn may nt be the best basketball player n his team. But if he’s ut there every day and playing hard, yu shuld praise his effrt regardless f whether his team wins r lses. Praising the effrt and nt the utcme can als mean recgnizing yur child when she has wrked hard t clean the yard, ck dinner, r finish a bk reprt. But whatever it is, praise shuld be given n a case-by-case basis and be prprtinate(相称的) t the amunt f effrt yur child has put int it.
    ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【答案】
    Parents tend t g t extremes when it cmes t praising their kids. (要点一) Yet, bth t much and t little praise can be equally damaging. (要点二) When giving praise, parents shuld be sincere and cncentrate n the prcess instead f the result. (要点三) Similarly, they ught t give praise fr hw much effrt their kids have invested in the wrk they’re invlved in. (要点四)
    【解析】本次浙江高考书面表达采用了概要写作题型。概要写作是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁,考查的是学生在实现自由的思维表达之前,对他人的信息在理解的基础上进行概括表达的能力。选材上,提供一篇350词以内的短文,题材不限,要求考生写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
    【详解】
    完成一篇概要写作,需要经过三个步骤,
    1. 读懂原文,抓住段落主题句。在阅读过程中,需要准确把握文章的段落大意,学会剔除非重要信息,弄清楚不同体裁的文章的内部逻辑关系以及文章的篇章结构。
    2. 组织语言,转换表达。在找到主题句明确全文中心的基础上,组织好语言,注重语言表达的独立性和准确性以及高级性,不全盘照抄原文句子,尽量用自己的语言转换表达,同时要注意篇幅的比例安排,用较多的文字去表达重要的内容。
    3. 通读全文,逻辑连贯。要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接,用恰当的关联词去连贯全文。
    检测训练
    1、请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
    Li Jiang: Have yu heard this? A grup f exchange students frm the UK are visiting ur schl next mnth.
    Su Hua: Yes, I have. Sme are already recmmending the traditinal Chinese dress fr the welcme ceremny.
    Li Jiang: But it seems peple have different pinins.
    Su Hua: What d yu think?
    Li Jiang: I think it’s a gd idea. It’s an pprtunity t make the Chinese culture better knwn t internatinal students.
    Su Hua: I agree. But we dn’t have t dress that way. That’s nt ur daily style. Besides, it’s nt very cnvenient.
    Li Jiang: Yu see, it’s the Chinese culture that the British friends are cming fr. Just the right ccasin.
    Su Hua: I prefer the schl unifrm. It’s nice. It’s als a better display f ur schl culture.
    (写作内容)
    1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容;
    2. 在上述场合,你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装?请说明理由(不少于两点)。
    (写作要求)
    1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
    2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
    3. 不必写标题。
    (评分标准)
    内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
    __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【答案】
    Pssible versin ne:
    Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what t wear when receiving the British students next mnth. Li recmmends the traditinal Chinese dress while Su prefers the schl unifrm.
    I wuld be happy t wear traditinal Chinese clthes at the welcme ceremny. Firstly, this is precisely what the British visitrs are expecting. They cme t learn abut Chinese culture with their wn eyes. Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress wuld be highly impressive. The schl unifrms are fine, but nt special enugh t give a unique Chinese flavur. Secndly, the incnvenience is nt a prblem if ur purpse is t share Chinese culture. It is just the s-called incnvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascinatin f Chinese culture with a histry f thusands f years.
    The traditinal Chinese clthes, it seems t me, will make the ccasin very Chinese and inviting t the British guests.
    Pssible versin tw:
    Li Jiang and Su Hua dn't agree n what t wear when greeting the British students. Li suggests traditinal Chinese clthes while Su thinks the schl unifrms are mre suitable.
    I prefer the schl unifrm t the traditinal Chinese dress at the welcme ceremny next mnth. Althugh the traditinal Chinese dress may lk mre beautiful and stylish, it is a little bit strange t walk arund in it. We feel at ease in ur schl unifrms every day. What's mre, the traditinal Chinese dress can't reflect the unique culture f ur schl. Frm the design and clur f ur unifrms, the British friends will learn mre abut ur schl. Besides, the chice f the traditinal Chinese dress means extra mney, and extra time, fr we have t change it back after the event.
    S the schl unifrms are a better chice than the traditinal Chinese dress fr such an ccasin.
    【解析】
    【分析】
    本文是读写任务,今年的话题是关于中国传统服装的。
    【详解】
    读写任务首先要写好概括。概括短文的内容要点实为客观简要地转述作者的观点、论据和结论,概括包括两个部分:主题句和支撑句。概括注意要抓住要点,语言精练,不能添加自己的见解,但是要用自己的语言概括。
    第二段用恰当的过渡语引出自己的观点(反对或赞成)。过渡语起承上启下的作用,要显自然、连贯。提出自己的观点后要具体论证自己的观点。
    最后一段要总结观点,提出具体做法或号召,升华文章的主题。
    2、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
    It’s a really gd idea t visit clleges befre yu apply because their websites can all start t lk and sund the same. Nthing will give yu the sense f what it will actually be like t live n a cllege campus(校园) like visiting and seeing fr yurself the drms, classrms and athletic equipment and, f curse, the students. It seems a little crazy nce senir year hits t find the time t visit cllege campuses, and it can als be pricey if the schls yu are applying t happen t be mre than a car ride away. But keep in mind that yu are making a decisin abut the next fur years f yur life, and d all the research yu can t make sure yu are making the right ne.
    There’s n excuse nt t visit the schls in yur lcal area. In fact, a lt f cllege applicatins even ask if yu have visited campus, and bviusly, if yu live acrss the cuntry that wn’t be as much f a pssibility, but if yu live nearby, g check it ut!
    If campus visits aren’t ging t happen befre yu apply, at the very least yu shuld find sme time between applying and getting yur acceptance letters t visit the schls yu’d like t attend. It can save yu a lt f heartache if yu rule ut nw the things that yu dn’t like abut certain campuses, things that yu wuldn’t knw unless yu actually visit.
    Nw, if time and mney are making it impssible, then check ut the nline cllege fairs at CllegeWeekLive. It’s a chance t chat nline with admissins fficers, students, and cllege cunselrs (顾问), and it wn’t cst yu a penny! Yu can register fr its nline cllege fair at cllegeweeklive.cm. While visiting an nline cllege fair can’t take the place f an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tl that alng with all yur ther research will help yu make an infrmed decisin abut which clleges r universities yu’d like t attend.
    _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【答案】
    It’s really wrthwhile t pay a visit t their desired clleges persnally befre applying. Undubtedly, students shuld visit their lcal clleges, which may be included in applicatins. At least, they shuld visit the schl and figure ut its real cnditins in advance. Fr students wh are shrt f mney and time, registering fr the nline cllege fair is a gd alternative t help them better understand schls.
    【解析】本文要求阅读短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要,即用尽可能少的词汇集中展现原材料的主要思想和观点。这主要是考查学生把握文章主旨大意和段落大意的能力以及总结概括能力,熟练掌握从句、非谓语动词等语法知识和遣词造句的能力。
    【详解】
    1. 要先读懂、读透原作。这是准确再现原文、写好概要的前提。动笔前多读两遍原文,直至弄懂读透。
    2. 抓住文中的关键句,确定写作主题。开头It's a really gd idea t visit clleges befre yu apply点明了本文主题;But keep in mind that yu are making a decisin abut the next fur years f yur life, and d all the research yu can t make sure yu are making the right ne. There’s n excuse nt t visit the schls in yur lcal area.说明了去大学看看的必要性和可行性;If campus visits aren’t ging t happen befre yu apply, at the very least yu shuld find sme time between applying and getting yur acceptance letters t visit the schls yu’d like t attend.在时间上提供了更多选择;if time and mney are making it impssible, then check ut the nline cllege fairs at CllegeWeekLive.为不能亲自去大学看的学生提供了另外一种方法。
    3.拟好提纲。有了提纲,写概要时就会有章法,也不会遗漏原作中的要点。
    4.快速成文,反复推敲。按照文章要求和拟好的提纲一气呵成,写完初稿。
    5.对照修改润色,再读原文,查看是否漏掉了重要信息或主要内容。用词是否恰当,可有可无的删掉。注意词类、时态、语态的适当调整。
    【点睛】
    范文观点明确,重点突出,语言简练,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式,如定语从句which may be included in applicatins.和wh are shrt f mney and time.动名词registering nline作主语,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
    3、请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入(bx-ffice incme)的柱状图及相关文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
    One Day in 2016.At Hme.
    Sn:Mum, shall we g and see a film tnight?
    Mther: Why bther?We can stay at hme and watch films nline. It’s cnvenient with ur new and faster netwrk
    Sn: But it feels gd in a cinema.
    Mther: And the price… We have t pay 50 yuan a ticket.
    Sn: Only 10 yuan mre than last year.
    Mther: But still we cannt get the mney’s wrth.Sme films are just bring…
    【写作内容】
    1.用约30个单词概述柱状图信息的主要内容;
    2.我国电影票房收入变化的原因有哪些,简要谈谈你的看法(上述对话仅供参考,原因不少于两点);
    3.谈谈你对我国电影票房收入走向的看法,并简要说明理由。
    【写作要求】
    1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
    2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
    3.不必写标题。
    【评分标准】
    内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
    【答案】
    Pssible versin ne:
    The bx-ffice incme f Chinese mvies witnessed a cnstant increase frm abut 17 billin yuan in 2012 t ver 40 billin in 2015. Hwever, that increase slwed dwn in 2016.
    The reasns behind this are varius. The fast ecnmic develpment befre 2016 was prbably the mst pwerful engine driving the cnstant grwth in the bx-ffice incme. The applicatin f new technlgies and the wide appeal f mvie stars culd als accunt fr the increase. Hwever, China saw a decline in its ecnmic grwth rate last year. And the internet increased ptins fr mvie lvers. Cnsequently, sme viewers began t turn away frm cinemas, leading t a slwer grwth.
    China’s ecnmy is expected t grw at a medium speed in the cming years, s an increase is pssible in the investment in the mvie industry and the number f quality mvies. Therefre, its bx-ffice incme will prbably enjy a slight increase.
    (150 wrds)
    Pssible versin tw:
    As is indicated in the graph, the bx-ffice incme f Chinese films increased cnstantly frm 2012 t 2015, but its grwth, fr ne reasn r anther, slwed dwn in 2016.
    The increase in the bx-ffice incme can be attributed t a number f factrs. The quality f life has imprved and watching films is regarded as a gd means f entertainment. Besides, filming technlgy has advanced and mre quality films are n ffer. Mrever, the internet plays an imprtant part. On the internet, peple can seek infrmatin abut their favrite stars and buy tickets at a discunt as well, which is bth time-saving and ecnmical.
    Hwever, the film market may witness a slwdwn in the near future. Cinemas have gradually given way t the rise f the internet and cellphnes, and the ticket price is n the increase. Therefre, the film industry shuld make greater effrts t attract mre viewers.
    (150 wrds)
    【解析】本篇书面表达要求考生根据英语短文写一篇文章,总结短文大意,阐述对电影票房的看法,并说明理由。文章为任务型读写,属于议论文,主要使用第三人称为主,第一人称为辅。一般现在时为主,一般过去时为辅。考生首先应当仔细阅读短文,明确文章主旨;接着指出电影票房收入变化的原因,以及将来的走向;再在此基础上合理安排好文章结构。本文可用三段写作:第一段用约30词概括短文大意,提出文章主题;第二段阐述电影票房收入变化的原因;第三段论述电影票房将来的走向。
    在遣词造句上,应当注意合理使用连接成分,以提高文章的逻辑性,如在列举理由时可以用t begin with, what's mre, last but nt least等;还应尽量使用较复杂句型,如在总结全文大意时可以用定语从句、分词结构;在其他地方可以用主语从句、倒装语序等。
    4、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
    Althugh being famus might sund like a dream cme true, tday’s stars, feeling like z animals, face pressures that few f us can imagine. They are at the center f much f the wrld's attentin. Paparazzi(狗仔队)camp utside their hmes, cameras ready. Tablids(小报) publish thrilling stries abut their persnal lives. Just imagine nt being able t d anything withut being phtgraphed r interrupted fr a signature.
    Accrding t the psychlgists, celebrities(名人)wrry cnstantly abut their public appearance. Eventually, they start t lse track f wh they really are, seeing themselves the way fans imagine them, nt as the peple they were befre everyne knew their names. Over time, they feel separated and alne.
    The phenmenn f tracking celebrities has been arund fr ages. In the 4th century B C, painters fllwed Alexander the Great int battle, hping t picture his victries fr his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sld-ut readings attracted thusands f fans, leading him t cmplain abut his lack f privacy. Tablids f the 1920s and 1930s ran articles abut film-stars in much the same way that mdern tablids and websites d.
    Being a public figure tday, hwever, is a lt mre difficult than it used t be. Superstars cannt mve abut withut wrrying abut phtgraphers with mdern cameras. When they say smething silly r d smething ridiculus, there is always the Internet t spread the news in minutes and keep their "stry" alive frever.
    If fame is s trublesme, why aren't all celebrities running away frm it? The answer is there are still ways t deal with it. Sme stars stay calm by surrunding themselves with trusted friends and family r by escaping t remte places away frm big cities. They fcus nt n hw famus they are but n what they lve t d r whatever made them famus in the first place. With these effective appraches, sme celebrities relieve the stress and remain ppular with fans. Cnsequently, thugh being famus is driving sme stars crazy, sme wise nes enjy what reputatin brings them.
    【写作指导】
    本文为说明文。文章告诉我们,虽然成名听起来像是梦想成真,但今天的明星们,感觉自己就像动物园里的动物,面临着我们很少人能想象的压力,因为他们是世界关注的焦点。名人经常担心他们的公开露面,随着时间的推移,他们感到分离和孤独。追踪名人的现象由来已久,然而如今成为公众人物比过去困难得多。超级明星的一举一动都离不开现代相机摄影师的关注。如果名声是如此的麻烦,为什么不是所有的名人都在逃避它呢?答案是,仍然有办法解决这个问题。因此,虽然成名会让一些明星发疯,但一些明智的人却享受声誉带给他们的东西。
    文章中的主题词(句)依次为:
    第一段:face pressures /at the center f much f the wrld's attentin.
    第二段:wrry cnstantly abut their public appearance /feel separated and alne
    第三段:The phenmenn f tracking celebrities has been arund fr ages / the same way that mdern tablids and websites d
    第四段:Being a public figure tday, hwever, is a lt mre difficult than it used t be.
    第五段:there are still ways t deal with it /sme wise nes enjy what reputatin brings them
    【参考范文】
    Living in the public gaze, stars suffer frm great pressure.(要点 1)What’s wrse, anxiety ver their public appearance rbs them f the bjective self-image, which leads t the feeling f islatin in the lng term. (要点 2) Thugh being tracked has been a headache t celebrities fr centuries, mdern cameras and the Internet make it harder t be famus nwadays. (要点 3、4) Hwever, by dealing with the stress wisely, stars still can stay ppular and happy. (要点 5)(77 wrds)
    【范文点评】
    范文通过词汇与句法关系的转换等手段,将各段的主题词及要点巧妙第整合在一起,突出了文章的主题与目的。范文衔接词的使用得当,确保了文章意义的连贯。范文有如下亮点:
    1.同义词替换。例如,要点1用“suffer frm great pressure”替换了原文中的“face pressure”。
    2.各类从句让句子关系更加流畅。例如,要点2使用了定语从句,要点3、4使用了让步状语从句,这些从句让各个要点表述的中心更加突出。
    3.衔接词确保了概要的意义连贯。范文使用了What’s wrse, Thugh,Hwever等衔接方式,让概要语篇结构紧凑,表述更加连贯。
    5、请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章.
    [写作内容]
    1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;
    2. 结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因;
    3. 根据你的分析,从社会规范(rules and regulatins)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。
    [写作要求]
    1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
    2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
    3. 不必写标题。
    [评分标准]
    内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
    【答案】
    The traffic issue is a hard nut t crack. It nt nly affects ur everyday life, but may als threaten peple’s lives. The three selectins presented abve are typical examples.
    Quite a few things give rise t the traffic prblem. In spite f the large-scale cnstructin f rads and highways, there is still much rm fr imprvement, because f the ever increasing number f cars these years. What’ s wrse, sme drivers, cyclists and pedestrians d nt think it vital t bey traffic rules.
    In fact, traffic rules are part f the rules and regulatins clsely related t public rder. Withut them, peple culd nt enjy harmny r the cuntry wuld be in chas. But rules alne dn’t secure an rderly sciety. It is the peple wh bey the rules that matter. It is everybdy’s duty t bserve them t keep ur sciety in rder and ging n the right track. (150 wrds)
    【解析】
    试题分析:今年江苏高考英语采用了“材料类+图形+提纲类”形式,综合考查考生阅读材料,识图和写作能力,较往年有所创新,也增加了难度。材料分为三部分:第一部分讲述了一位老奶奶阻止车辆停放引发的争议。第二部分讲述了行人和自行车不遵守红绿灯,导致交通事故发生的现象。第三部分是图表和文字,
    反映近几年车辆的数量激增现象。要求第一段用30个单词概括材料内容;第二段分析导致交通问题的原因;第三段从社会规则和个人行为谈谈启示(不少于两点)。
    【亮点说明】范文严格按照“三步走”的格局,第一段用短短26字(不含标点)概括了所给材料,得益于使用了“nt nly…but als…”这一经典句型;第二段分析了导致交通问题的原因,使用了“give rise t, large-scale cnstructin f, the increasing number f, (be) vital t”等高级词汇,同时“what’s wrse”衔接词的恰当使用使该段条理清晰。第三段句型多样,变换使用了“Withut虚拟语气,it is…wh…强调句型,it is ne’s duty t d sth.”等句型,为文章增色不少。
    6、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
    It is imprtant that yu teach yur baby t read at an early age. Why? Obviusly, being able t read is the basis fr any successful educatin, s the earlier they start, the better. All t ften, parents leave educating their children up t schls, which prbably explains why the United States is currently ranked 18th in its rate f reading and writing.
    Teaching yur baby t read prvides brain exercise and it has als been shwn t increase the baby’s IQ because there is simply n better time in a persn’s life fr learning than when they are babies. During this time, their brains are develping rapidly. The sner they begin t read, the sner they can begin t learn ther subjects. This way, by the time yur children begin schl, they will already knw what’s being taught, and will be put n the fast track. Maybe they will even skip a grade dwn the rad. One f the cases was 17-mnth-ld Elizabeth Barrett wh drew public’s attentin. She was given a series f wrds and even sentences that she culd read quite well. Her parents had been reading t her since she was brn and had prvided her with a very early educatin.
    Reading is the mst imprtant thing t teach babies at a yung age. It desn’t have t be stressful r difficult fr yur child. Learning can be fun at such an early age, and it can be accmplished s easily that they wn’t have t struggle in rder t learn.
    If yu’re interested in teaching yur baby t read,the best way t start is by spending just a few minutes every day. Flash cards are a helpful tl. Simply shw yur baby matching picture n the ppsite side. There are als vides that help t teach babies t read. There is n better time t teach yur baby t read than the present.
    __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【参考范文】
    Teaching yur baby t read as yung as pssible is crucial wing t the necessity f btaining gd educatin. (要点一) It needs starting as sn as pssible because babies’ intelligence will be imprved when their brains develp fast. (要点二)Imprtant as it is, relaxatin and easiness culd be brught int the learning prcess. (要点三)Therefre, fr peple keen n teaching babies t read, it is high time t begin with sparing sme time regularly with effective teaching materials. (要点四)
    【写作分析】
    本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说,为了获得良好的教育,让你的孩子从小就学会阅读是非常重要的。这需要尽快开始,因为婴儿的智力会随着大脑的快速发展而提高。重要的是,放松和轻松可以被带入学习过程。因此,对于那些热衷于教宝宝阅读的人来说,现在应该从定期抽出一些时间来阅读有效的教材开始。
    1.要点摘录
    ①It is imprtant that yu teach yur baby t read at an early age. Why? Obviusly, being able t read is the basis fr any successful educatin, s the earlier they start, the better.
    ②Teaching yur baby t read prvides brain exercise and it has als been shwn t increase the baby’s IQ because there is simply n better time in a persn’s life fr learning than when they are babies.
    ③Learning can be fun at such an early age, and it can be accmplished s easily that they wn’t have t struggle in rder t learn.
    ④If yu’re interested in teaching yur baby t read,the best way t start is by spending just a few minutes every day.
    ⑤There is n better time t teach yur baby t read than the present.
    2.缜密构思
    要点二和要点三之间形成因果关系,整合四、五要点
    3.遣词造句
    ①Teaching yur baby t read as yung as pssible is crucial wing t the necessity f btaining gd educatin.
    ②It needs starting as sn as pssible because babies’ intelligence will be imprved when their brains develp fast.
    ③Imprtant as it is, relaxatin and easiness culd be brught int the learning prcess.
    ④Therefre, fr peple keen n teaching babies t read, it is high time t begin with sparing sme time regularly with effective teaching materials.
    【范文点评】
    [高分句型1]Teaching yur baby t read as yung as pssible is crucial wing t the necessity f btaining gd educatin. (teaching为动名词作主语,用一个简单句总结了原文第一段的内容)
    [高分句型2]Imprtant as it is, relaxatin and easiness culd be brught int the learning prcess.(用as引导让步状语从句,总结文章第三段的内容)
    7、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
    The manta ray is ne f the largest fishes in the wrld, reaching up t 29 feet in width. And manta rays are sme f the friendliest creatures. They allw divers t swim right up t them. Unfrtunately, these gentle animals are in big truble. Since 2011, manta rays have been listed as a threatened species wrldwide.
    Overfishing is cnsidered the biggest threat t giant manta numbers, bth intentinal and accidental. Peple catch manta rays fr their gill plates — the parts thrugh which they filter their fd frm seawater — are sld in China fr medical purpses. Driven by the huge demand, fishermen have hunted them mercilessly. Frm 2010 t 2013, the number f rays killed annually t supply the gill plate market tripled t 150,000. Clearly, verfishing is bad fr any sea creature, but it’s even wrse fr giant manta rays. Female mantas usually have nly ne baby, every tw t five years. S every manta ray that was caught hurts the ppulatin in a big way.
    T prtect giant manta ppulatin, Peru, a cuntry in Suth America, recently tk a big step t prtect giant manta rays. It banned fishing fr them. Peple wh break the law can be fined r have their fishing licenses taken away. Even manta rays caught accidentally in fishing nets must be released. Althugh ther cuntries have passed laws t prtect manta rays, Peru’s may be the mst imprtant ne yet, because there are mre giant manta rays in the Pacific Ocean near Peru than in any ther place in the wrld.
    Scientists wrking in the Manta Trust, an rganizatin that researches manta rays, are als trying t prtect manta rays by learning mre abut them. Earlier this year, the rganizatin attached vide cameras, called Crittercams, t manta rays ff the west cast f Mexic. The phts the cameras cllect culd help researchers predict where and when manta rays swim. The scientist culd use the infrmatin t warn fishing bats t avid these areas, helping reduce the number f accidentally caught manta rays.
    __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【参考范文】
    Thugh being large and friendly, the giant manta ray are in danger.(要点1) Due t its medical value and huge prfit, manta rays are ver-hunted, which can be mre detrimental fr the species given its lw prductivity.(要点2) T save the endangered species, the Peru gvernment has taken the initiative, carrying ut strict laws.(要点3) Besides, scientists are making attempts t prtect manta rays thrugh gaining mre knwledge f them.(要点4)
    【写作分析】
    本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说,尽管巨大的蝠鲼又大又友好,但它们正处于危险之中。由于它的医疗价值和巨大的利润,蝠鲼被过度猎杀,考虑到它的低生产力,这可能对这个物种更有害。为了拯救濒危物种,秘鲁政府采取了主动,实施了严格的法律。此外,科学家们正试图通过更多地了解蝠鲼来保护它们。
    1 要点摘录
    ①The manta ray is ne f the largest fishes in the wrld, reaching up t 29 feet in width. And manta rays are sme f the friendliest creatures. Unfrtunately, these gentle animals are in big truble.
    ②Overfishing is cnsidered the biggest threat t giant manta numbers, bth intentinal and accidental. Peple catch manta rays fr their gill plates — the parts thrugh which they filter their fd frm seawater — are sld in China fr medical purpses.
    ③T prtect giant manta ppulatin, Peru, a cuntry in Suth America, recently tk a big step t prtect giant manta rays. It banned fishing fr them. Peple wh break the law can be fined r have their fishing licenses taken away.
    ④Scientists wrking in the Manta Trust, an rganizatin that researches manta rays, are als trying t prtect manta rays by learning mre abut them.
    2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说,将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
    3.遣词造句
    Thugh being large and friendly, the giant manta ray are in danger.
    Due t its medical value and huge prfit, manta rays are ver-hunted, which can be mre detrimental fr the species given its lw prductivity.
    T save the endangered species, the Peru gvernment has taken the initiative, carrying ut strict laws.
    Besides, scientists are making attempts t prtect manta rays thrugh gaining mre knwledge f them.
    【范文点评】
    [高分句型1] Due t its medical value and huge prfit, manta rays are ver-hunted, which can be mre detrimental fr the species given its lw prductivity.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第二段进行了概括,其中which引导非限制性定语从句。
    [高分句型2] T save the endangered species, the Peru gvernment has taken the initiative, carrying ut strict laws.用不定式作目的状语对第三段进行了概括。
    8、 阅读下面短文,根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
    Bees are very strange creatures. They have their wn way f telling each ther that they have fund a new flwer. They bring sme f its nectar (花蜜) back hme and then d a little dance that shws where the flwer is and hw far away it is.
    In autumn the wrker bees g ut and cllect as much nectar and pllen (花粉) as they can carry. Then they return t make hney and stre it fr the lng cld winter.
    Bees build their wn huses but they d nt always have rund tps like peple draw them in strybks. They are usually five streys high. The queen bee always has the bttm strey. In between the bttm strey and all the rest there are bars nly just wide enugh fr the wrkers t pass thrugh. The queen bee can never g up t the ther flrs because she is bigger than all the ther bees. The streys the queen can’t enter are where the stre rms are. There are rms fr pllen, nectar and ryal jellies (蜂王浆). If there is a fire the wrkers have t cver the walls and entrance f the rms. They have t mve the hney and the nectar and pllen away frm the ht walls f the rm.
    The queen is the nly that can lay eggs. She mates with a male bee called a drne. Once the queen has laid the eggs she thrws the drne ut because a drne just sits arund eating hney and nectar. He cannt g ut and cllect pllen because drnes d nt have pllen-carrying things n their legs like the wrkers have.
    Yung bees are called nurses because they have t nurse the newbrn bees whether they like it r nt. What a bee ends up being when it grws up depends n what it eats. If it is t be a queen it must feed n ryal jellies and it must never, ever set eyes n anther queen. If it des they must fight till nly ne f them is still alive.
    【参考范文】
    Bees are weird animals and have a unique way t cmmunicate with ne anther. (要点1) Wrker bees wrk tirelessly t stre fd. (要点2) Unlike wrker bees, the relaxing queen bee takes up the bttm strey f the five-strey huse. (要点3) She even deserts the drne after she finishes using him. (要点4) Same as wrker bees, yung bees need t wrk t care fr newbrn bees, but they can nly leave their futures t what they eat. (要点5)
    【写作分析】
    本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍蜜蜂家族生存习性、不同分工及蜂房布局。
    1 要点摘录
    1)Bees are very strange creatures. They have their wn way f telling each ther that they have fund a new flwer.
    2)In autumn the wrker bees g ut and cllect as much nectar and pllen (花粉) as they can carry. Then they return t make hney and stre it fr the lng cld winter.
    3)They are usually five streys high. The queen bee always has the bttm strey.
    4)The queen is the nly that can lay eggs. She mates with a male bee called a drne.
    5)Yung bees are called nurses because they have t nurse the newbrn bees whether they like it r nt.
    2.缜密构思
    将1、2、3、4、5段各概括为一个要点,共5个要点。
    3.遣词造句Bees are weird animals and have a strange way t cmmunicate with each anther.
    Wrker bees wrk very hard t stre fd.
    Unlike wrker bees, the relaxing queen bee always takes up the bttm strey f the five-strey huse.
    She even thrws the drne ut after she finishes using him.
    Yung bees need t wrk t care fr newbrn bees, but they can nly leave their futures t what they eat.
    【范文点评】
    [高分句型1] Unlike wrker bees, the relaxing queen bee takes up the bttm strey f the five-strey huse.运用介词短语作状语,对第三段内容进行概括,简练明白。
    [高分句型2]She even deserts the drne after she finishes using him.运用含有时间状语从句的复合句对第四段内容进行高度概括。
    [高分句型3]Same as wrker bees, yung bees need t wrk t care fr newbrn bees, but they can nly leave their futures t what they eat. 运用文章纽带衔接词but,以及名词性从句what they eat将第五段进行高度概括。
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