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2022-2023学年河北省部分学校高三（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)
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这是一份2022-2023学年河北省部分学校高三（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共17页。
2022-2023学年河北省部分学校高三（上）期末英语试卷
A
Shakespeare's writing shaped our modern language，but how did his plays describe the landscape of 15th- and 16th-century Britain？This guide will take you on a mini tour of the poet's favored locations.
Pontefract Castle，Yorkshire
In its prime，Pontefract Castle was one of the most powerful forts（堡垒）in Europe，but its fearful reputation was once so strong that the poet used it to suggest power and terror.In Richard II，Pontefract is the terrible scene of the king's murder and three men are condemned to death at the castle in Richard III.Now，Pontefract is the perfect destination for a fearful yet fascinating day out.
Sandal Castle，West Yorkshire
First built from wood in the 12th century，by the 13th century Sandal Castle had become an impressive stone forts.In the 15th century，the castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this conflict that inspired Shakespeare's Henry VI.The site of the battlefield is now a peaceful farm and all that remains of the once grand castle are broken walls.
Dunsinane Hill，Perthshire
A castle built atop Dunsinane Hill in Scotland is one of the dramatic backdrops to the blood-soaked horror of Shakespeare's shortest tragedy，Macbeth.Today，the hill has the remains of two forts，one of which is the site on which the real Macbeth suffered a military defeat in 1054.
Forest of Arden，Warwickshire
Situated in Shakespeare's home county of Warwickshire，Arden was once a heavily wooded area and provides the complex setting for the poet's pastoral comedy.Visitors can enjoy sever- al picturesque walks around the young forest，which is now home to over a million new trees.
1. What did Shakespeare use Pontefract Castle to stand for？ ______
A. Hope and anger. B. Life and death.
C. Power and fear. D. Past and history.
2. What is Shakespeare's inspiration for Henry VI？ ______
A. The surroundings of Sandal Castle.
B. A long battle happening at Sandal Castle.
C. The impressive buildings of Sandal Castle.
D. Shakespeare's preference for Sandal Castle.
3. Where was Shakespeare born？ ______
A. In Yorkshire. B. In West Yorkshire.
C. In Perthshire. D. In Warwickshire.
B
Norma Newcombe has been a nurse for nearly 60 years.She started her career at a hospital for babies in August 1958，but she has no plans to retire.
She has worked with Wrightington，Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for 40 years.She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973.Apart from taking an eight-year break from her career to have her two children in 1965，the dedicated nurse has spent nearly 60 years working in her role.
Modest Norma describes herself as a school nurse who just does her job.She said， "I'm proud to be where I am and I'm very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing.We have brilliant team leaders and I work with a brilliant team of school nurses and health visitors.I'm just happy with what I am and where I am."
During the COVID-19 pandemic，Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system （免疫系统）.Norma said that she liked people rather than machines.She thought she could still write quicker than she could type.Obviously，things have to progress，but there is not the same personal contact.Despite hitting the milestone，Norma has no plans to slow down.
Norma's colleagues surprised her with a party at her workplace，where she was gifted flowers and jewellery.Rabina Tindale，chief nurse in the hospital，said， "We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom.She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years.We hope she has an amazing day to celebrate her birthday with her colleagues."
4. How long has Norma been a full-time school nurse till 2022？ ______
A. 65 years. B. 60 years. C. 49 years. D. 41 years.
5. What does Norma's words show？ ______
A. Her wish for the future.
B. Her love for nursing work.
C. The support from the local area.
D. The reason why she works as a nurse.
6. Why did Norma have to work at home during the COVID-19 pandemic？ ______
A. Her immune system was weak.
B. She was too old to travel to work.
C. The nursing school was closed down.
D. It was difficult for her to live in the school.
7. Which word can best describe Norma？ ______
A. Creative. B. Respectable. C. Stubborn. D. Funny.
C
Fossils are well preserved remains，impressions，or traces（痕迹）of animals and plants that lived long ago.Paleontologists（古生物学家）divide fossils into two main groups.Some fossils，called body fossils，show the structure of the plant or the animal.They form directly from the remains of plants and animals.Other fossils，called trace fossils.They record signs of animal or plant activities，such as walking，feeding，scratching，or even resting.
Most animals and plants don't become fossils after they die.They break down into little bits or may be eaten by other animals.But some remains get buried too fast，avoiding those things happening.An animal might die near a body of water and sink to the bottom，where its remains get covered in sediment （沉积物）.As sediment builds up，mineral-rich water the remains，leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones.The new minerals react with those in the animal's remains and then harden into fossils.
Most fossils are buried deep in the Earth.As the Earth's surface changes，scientists can dig up new fossils and learn more about past life and the Earth's history.In rock that formed before a certain time，roughly 2.8 million years ago，scientists will not find human fossils.
Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth's history.By studying fossils，we learn about a great variety of plants and animals that lived in the past.We can know what they looked like，how and where they moved and what they ate.By comparing fossils from different time periods，we can track the evolution of a species，see how it adapted to changes in its environment，and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.
8. What can we learn from paragraph 1？ ______
A. Fossils are remains of plants and animals.
B. Trace fossils only tell us the activities of animals.
C. Trace fossils form directly from the remains of creatures.
D. Body fossils show almost the original structure of creatures.
9. What is the main idea of paragraph 2？ ______
A. Where we can find fossils.
B. How animals and plants become fossils.
C. Different fossils have different features.
D. Which methods are used to study fossils.
10. What does the underlined phrase "seeps into" in paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Engages in. B. Succeeds in. C. Delights in. D. Sinks in.
11. What does the author think of the research of fossils？ ______
A. Ridiculous. B. Complex. C. Significant. D. Inspiring.
D
You've probably heard the phrase， "Laughter is the best medicine. " Comedy on Referral has taken that idea and run with it，using standup comedy to help treat people struggling with trauma（精神创伤） and anxiety in partnership with the National Health Service （NHS）.
The idea came from comedian Angie Belcher's experiences teaching comedy at University of Bristol.She found that students often told her how much stronger and more resilient（有适应力的） they were thanks to standup comedy.
Inspired，she teamed up with the NHS in Bristol to create a six-week comedy course for patients struggling with trauma in January 2022.Following the success of this initial course，Comedy on Referral won NHS funding to help men with trauma in London.
Belcher said， "Past traumas are perfect for comedy.Comedy doesn't come from the happy，perfect moments of your life，but from our everyday struggles and major life events.People who've been through big life experiences such as losing a loved one and ill health often can't wait to tell me their stories，mostly because there's always something especially funny about the situation. "
Research has shown that laughter has positive psychological effects，such as decreasing levels of cortisol-the stress hormone-and increasing endorphins （内啡肽）.It can even have physiological benefits，although less research has been done in this area.Current research has linked laughter and humour with increased levels of pain tolerance as well as short-term cardiovascular benefits.More research is needed to prove these findings.
Nonetheless，the mental health benefits of regular laughter are widely accepted，and using comedy to treat mental health struggles could be a real breakthrough in the treatment of mental health.
12. Why is the phrase mentioned in paragraph 1？ ______
A. To stress the importance of laugh.
B. To explain the harm trauma causes.
C. To show the effect of standup comedy.
D. To state the idea behind Comedy on Referral.
13. How was the first six-week comedy course for patients？ ______
A. Effective. B. Ambiguous. C. Controversial. D. Fruitless.
14. What may contribute to a comedy according to Belcher？ ______
A. Struggling moments. B. Funny moments.
C. Happy moments. D. Successful moments.
15. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Laugh will cure you of all diseases
B. Anxiety can also make you feel better
C. Laughter is useful to people's mental health
D. Comedy is one thing that can make you struggle
Awake？Here Is How to Return to Sleep
It is usual for people to wake up a few times during the night.Older people often get up to go to the bathroom.Waking at night usually is not a problem.
But what about some other people？If it happens a few times a week，there may be a troublesome reason． (1) ．Such sleep difficulties are called insomnia（失眠）．
You may wake up，look at the clock and worry about your work.There may be stressful things on your mind.These feelings may activate（激活） a stress hormone in your body.If you worry that you can't sleep，it may make it harder to fall asleep.
(2) .If you are awake 25 minutes or more，get out of bed and do something quiet.Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help.Meditation also may work.You may sit on a couch and read a book or magazine in dim light.Do not read on a smartphone or a tablet in the dark place.
(3) ．Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening．Besides，nap（小睡） lowers your drive to fall asleep in the evening.Avoid napping late in the day. (4)
Try to keep to a routine schedule for sleep.There is a problem when you go to bed and wake up at different times.Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia. (5) ，called circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）．They work on 24-hour cycles．
If you get up during the night to go to the bathroom，limit how much water or liquid you drink a few hours before bedtime.
A.Do something helpful
B.Try to avoid early naps
C.Avoid coffee after 2 pm
D.Nap no later than early afternoon
E.The problem has to do with the sleep cycle of your body
F.Here are some reasons for the difficulties in your sleeping
G.Stress and anxiety are some reasons for people who have sleep difficulties
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
As Gwen Erickson approached 97，she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies—the monarch butterfly （帝王蝶）.She managed to (21) 27 butterflies last year and this year the (22) has gone up to 61.
The whole process is a little (23)， beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard.Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living room table，the caterpillar （毛毛虫） appeared，and then，within several weeks，formed a chrysalis （蛹）.Two weeks later the beautiful butterflies (24) .Erickson then released the butterflies into the wild，but a couple seemed a little (25) to leave their loving home and (26) the senior by flying around the house.
Erickson remembered her first attempt to raise (27) and said she hoped it could enable her grandchildren to (28) an interest in these beautiful insects.However，it's she who has found the (29) in raising butterflies in the end.
Erickson doesn't like to talk about herself and what she does，but she does so this time as she wants to (30) others to care for this endangered species.Happily，a friend and her son have joined her in her new-found (31) .Hopefully，we will see a（n） (32) in those decreasing numbers.
This new (33) is a fine example of people caring for the smaller things in life.It (34) us that it's never too late to be (35) in life.
21. A. steal B. donate C. keep D. photograph
22. A. number B. size C. range D. variety
23. A. money-saving B. labor-demanding
C. energy-efficient D. time-consuming
24. A. sped up B. turned up C. woke up D. grew up
25. A. impatient B. delighted C. surprised D. unwilling
26. A. accompanied B. attended C. greeted D. impressed
27. A. flies B. pests C. butterflies D. bees
28. A. regain B. develop C. remove D. express
29. A. decoration B. fossil C. herb D. pleasure
30. A. allow B. encourage C. arrange D. invite
31. A. passion B. exit C. species D. fiction
32. A. opportunity B. result C. change D. inspiration
33. A. hobby B. version C. rumour D. exercise
34. A. promises B. reminds C. upsets D. strengthens
35. A. polite B. generous C. optimistic D. purposeful
36. Outdoor exercise provides a lot of benefits beyond those seen with (1) （tradition） indoor workouts.It sounds a bit fantastic， (2) it's true.
One simple example：Exercising outdoors increases our exposure (3) sunlight，improving vitamin D production， (4) has been linked to improving mood，promoting bone health，and boosting immune system function.Exercising outdoors (5) （make） you happy.Being in nature can improve feelings of well-being and life satisfaction.In fact，simply being outside and breathing fresh air has been shown to reduce stress and enhance relaxation.
Exercising，particularly outdoors，drives huge mental health benefits，ranging from reducing depression and anxiety to (6) （enhance）self-esteem （自尊心） and mood．Combine that with the physiological benefits of exercise，and you can make (7) （you） see greater levels of joy in your life.
Being (8) （physical） active in an environment with changing landforms forces your body to work hard (9) （ sustain） the movement and your mind to stay focused to constant- ly adapt and avoid injury.Think about walking on your treadmill （跑步机）at home or in the gym compared to hiking on a trail with (10) （rock） and roots to cross and constant changes in elevation to push your cardiovascular （心血管的）system.
Take off the burden and have an outdoor exercise，and it will bring many benefits to your work or school life.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是你校音乐社团的宣传部部长，请你用英语写一则音乐社团的招新通知并张贴到学校国际部，内容包括：
（1）招新的目的；
（2）社团活动介绍；
（3）报名方式。
注意：
（4）写作词数应为80左右；
（5）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
The music society_________
38. Every single one of us has a different story.It is easy to judge others based on what we witness for a brief amount of time，but this is not what we should do.
Andre Owen is a policeman who works for the Sussex Police.He is a kind-hearted young officer.He is always working hard and devotes himself to his duty.And on one particular day，his shift（轮班）wras proving to be one of the tough days.That day，he started to work at around 7：05 am.It was such an early start for his duty that he had no time for breakfast.He was called to a serious incident shortly after he began to be on duty.The incident was in Brighton，which meant he had to go to Oxford to take care of the matter.It was a long drive there，which took him about two hours to get there.The matter was very hard to deal with，but he managed to settle it successfully.
After his visit to Oxford，Andre Owen drove his way back，only to find another incident down the road.The accident involved a family who needed help，but the traffic was so crowd- ed that they couldn't get through.As a result，the officer had to stop traffic to get them to safety.At the end of it，he had 45 minutes left in his shift but he still had to drive back for two more hours.
It was such a difficult day and he almost did not get to have time to eat.At lunchtime，he finally had an opportunity to get food，so he went to the nearest fast food restaurant to buy himself lunch.Just like any other customers there，the policeman was patiently waiting for his food to arrive.A lady eating her own food，kept staring at him while he was waiting.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was at that moment that the woman decided to come up to him to say something._________
However，Owen decided to share something on the Internet.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段In its prime，Pontefract Castle was one of the most powerful forts （堡垒） in Europe，but its fearful reputation was once so strong that the poet used it to suggest power and terror. （在其鼎盛时期，庞特弗拉克特城堡是欧洲最强大的堡垒之一，但它可怕的名声曾经如此强大，以至于诗人用它来暗示权力和恐怖。）可知，莎士比亚用庞特弗拉特城堡来代表权力和恐惧。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段In the 15th century，the castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this conflict that inspired Shakespeare's Henry VI.（在15世纪，这座城堡发现自己正处于一场漫长而血腥的战斗的中心。正是这种冲突启发了莎士比亚的《亨利六世》。）可知，莎士比亚对亨利六世的灵感来自桑达尔城堡发生了一场漫长的战斗。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Situated in Shakespeare's home county of Warwickshire，Arden was once a heavily wooded area and provides the complex setting for the poet's pastoral comedy.（雅顿位于莎士比亚的家乡沃里克郡，曾经是一片茂密的树林，为这位诗人的田园喜剧提供了复杂的背景。）可知，莎士比亚出生在Warwickshire。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个与莎士比亚的经典剧作有关的风景名胜。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、B、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973.（自1973年以来，她一直是一名全职的学校护士。）可知，Norma从1973年起担任学校的专职护士，所以Norma做了49年学校的专职护士。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Norma的话I'm proud to be where I am and I'm very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing.（我很自豪能做到这一点，我对当地和与学校护理相关的一切都充满热情。）以及I'm just happy with what I am and where I am.（我只是对我现在的样子和我现在的位置感到满意。）可知，她热爱她的工作。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段During the COVID-19 pandemic，Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system （免疫系统）.（在COVID-19大流行期间，由于诺玛的免疫系统薄弱，诺玛不得不在家工作。）可知，因为她的免疫力差，所以疫情期间她不得不在家工作。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Rabina Tindale的话We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom.She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years.（我们非常自豪诺玛能成为我们团队的一员，并获得她的重要经验和智慧。她在多年来帮助的孩子和家庭心中占据着非常特殊的地位。）可知，她认为Norma是值得尊敬的。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。一位年迈的英国护士仍然坚持工作并且拒绝退休。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Some fossils，called body fossils，show the structure of the plant or the animal.（一些化石，被称为身体化石，显示了植物或动物的结构。）可知，实体化石能够呈现动植物的结构。故选D项。
（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Most animals and plants don't become fossils after they die.They break down into lite bits or may be eaten by other animals.（大多数动植物在它们死后不会变成化石。它们会分解成碎片，也可能被其他动物吃掉。）以及尾句The new minerals react with those in the animal's remains and then harden into fossils.（这些新的矿物质与动物遗骸中的矿物质发生反应，然后硬化成化石。）可知，该段主要介绍了化石的形成过程。故选B项。
（3）词句猜测题。分析句子结构可知，划线短语后半句leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones（在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原来的骨骼。）为现在分词短语作结果状语，在骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质是划线单词产生的结果，由此可推断划线短语所在句子As sediment builds up，mineral-rich water the remains，leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones.的意思是：随着沉积物的堆积，富含矿物质的水渗透到遗骸中，在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原始骨骼。因此划线单词的意思是"渗入"的意思，只有先渗入遗骸，才会导致骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质。A.Engages in.从事；B.Succeeds in.成功；C.Delights in.高兴；D.Sinks in.下沉，渗入。故选D项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth's history.（化石是我们理解史前生命和地球历史的关键。）以及尾句By comparing fossils from different time periods，we can track the evolution of a species，see how it adapted to changes in its environment，and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.（通过比较来自不同时期的化石，我们可以追踪一个物种的进化，了解它如何适应环境的变化，并更多地了解化石所在的气候和环境。）可知，作者认为研究化石是有重大意义的。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了化石的形成和作用。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】D、A、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Comedy on Referral has taken that idea and run with it，using standup comedy to help treat people struggling with trauma （精神创伤） and anxiety in partnership with the National Health Service （NHS）. （《转诊喜剧》采纳了这个想法，并与国家健康服务体系（NHS）合作，使用单口喜剧来帮助治疗与创伤（精神创伤）和焦虑作斗争的人。）可知，第1段提到这个短语是为了陈述《推荐喜剧》背后的想法。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Following the success of this initial course，Comedy on Referral won NHS funding to help men with trauma in London.（在最初的课程取得成功之后，《转诊喜剧》获得了NHS的资助，以帮助伦敦的创伤男性。）可知，第一个为期六周的患者喜剧课程非常有效。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Comedy doesn't come from the happy，perfect moments of your life，but from our everyday struggles and major life events.（喜剧不是来自你生活中快乐、完美的时刻，而是来自我们日常的挣扎和重大的生活事件。）可知，Belcher认为，过去的创伤是喜剧的完美素材。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段Nonetheless，the mental health benefits of regular laughter are widely accepted，and using comedy to treat mental health struggles could be a real breakthrough in the treatment of mental health.（尽管如此，经常笑的心理健康益处已被广泛接受，而使用喜剧来治疗心理健康斗争可能是治疗心理健康的一个真正的突破。）可知，本文主要讲述的是大笑对于治疗精神和心理健康是有用的。所以"C.Laughter is useful to people's mental health"为最佳标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。《转诊喜剧》项目利用"笑是最好的药"这一思想，与英国国民医疗服务体系（ NHS）合作，利用单口喜剧帮助治疗那些与精神创伤和焦虑作斗争的人。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】G、A、C、D、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句If it happens a few times a week，there may be a troublesome reason（如果一周发生几次，可能会有一个造成这种麻烦的原因），可知表示"压力和焦虑是导致睡眠困难的一些原因"的选项G符合前后的语境，a troublesome reason和Stress and anxiety是关键词，故选G。
（2）主题判断题。根据后文If you are awake 25 minutes or more，get out of bed and do something quiet.Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help（如果你醒了25分钟或更长时间，起床做一些安静的事情。轻柔的拉伸或呼吸练习可能会有所帮助），可知表示"做些有帮助的事"的选项A符合本段的主题，get out of bed and do something quiet和Gentle stretches or breathing exercises是关键词，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据后句Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening（咖啡可以在你的消化系统中保持到晚上），可知表示"下午2点后不要喝咖啡"的选项C符合前后的语境，stay in your digestive system well into the evening和after 2 pm是关键词，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句Avoid napping late in the day（避免在白天的晚些时候打盹），可知表示"小睡需要不迟于下午早些时候"的选项D符合前后的语境，late in the day和no later than early afternoon是关键词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句There is a problem when you go to bed and wake up at different times.Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia（研究表明，不规律的睡眠时间可能会导致失眠）；以及后文called circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）．They work on 24-hour cycles（称为昼夜节律。它们每24小时一循环），可知表示"这个问题与你身体的睡眠周期有关"的选项E符合前后的语境，a problem和circadian rhythms是关键词，故选E。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了在半夜醒来能够再次进入睡眠的方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、A、D、B、D、A、C、B、D、B、A、C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.steal偷；B.donate捐赠；C.keep饲养；D.photograph拍照。句意：去年她设法养了27只蝴蝶，今年增加到61只。根据上文中的"she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies—the monarch butterfly （帝王蝶）. "可知，此处指的是饲养帝王蝶。故选C项。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.number数量；B.size尺寸；C.range范围；D.variety种类。句意：去年她设法养了27只蝴蝶，今年增加到61只。根据上文中的"...27 butterflies last year"和下文中的"...has gone up to 61."可知，说明帝王蝶的数量增加了，故选A项。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.money-saving省钱的；B.labor-demanding需要体力的；C.energy-efficient节能的；D.time-consuming耗时的。句意：整个过程有点耗时。根据下文中"...beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard.Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living room table，the caterpillar （毛毛虫） appeared，and then，within several weeks，formed a chrysalis （蛹）. "整个孵化过程可知，整个过程有些耗时。故选D项。
（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.sped up加速；B.turned up出现，来到；C.woke up唤醒；D.grew up成长。句意：两周后，美丽的蝴蝶出现了。根据上文中"...beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard.Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living room table，the caterpillar （毛毛虫） appeared，and then，within several weeks，formed a chrysalis （蛹）."讲述的整个孵化过程可知，此处说明帝王蝶孵化出来了。故选B项。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.impatient没有耐心的；B.delighted高兴的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.unwilling不情愿的。句意：随后，Erickson将蝴蝶放飞到野外，但有一对似乎不太愿意离开它们有爱的家，它们陪在老人身边，在房子里飞来飞去。根据上文中"Erickson then released the butterflies into the wild，but a couple seemed..."中的but以及"...to leave their loving home "可知，释放帝王蝶到野外时，有两只蝴蝶不愿离开。故选D项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.accompanied陪伴；B.attended参加，出席；C.greeted问候；D.impressed使……印象深刻。句意：随后，Erickson将蝴蝶放飞到野外，但有一对似乎不太愿意离开它们有爱的家，它们陪在老人身边，在房子里飞来飞去。根据上文中"Erickson then released the butterflies into the wild，but a couple seemed a little（5）________ to leave their loving home..."以及下文中的"...by flying around the house."可推断，帝王蝶陪着老人不愿离开。故选A项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.flies苍蝇；B.pests害虫；C.butterflies蝴蝶；D.bees蜜蜂。句意：Erickson还记得她第一次尝试饲养蝴蝶的情景，她说她希望这能让她的孙子孙女们对这些美丽的昆虫产生兴趣。根据全文语境及第一段中的"As Gwen Erickson approached 97，she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies..."并结合全文语境可知，此处为第一次养蝴蝶。故选C项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.regain恢复，重新获得；B.develop培养；C.remove清除；D.express表达。句意：Erickson还记得她第一次尝试饲养蝴蝶的情景，她说她希望这能让她的孙子孙女们对这些美丽的昆虫产生兴趣。结合语境及下文中的"...an interest in these beautiful insects."可知，此处为培养兴趣。故选B项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.decoration装饰；B.fossil化石；C.herb香草；D.pleasure快乐。然而，最后是她发现了养蝴蝶的乐趣。根据上文中的"...an interest in these beautiful insects."可知，此处指的是老人找到了养蝴蝶的乐趣。故选D项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.allow允许；B.encourage鼓励；C.arrange安排；D.invite邀请。句意：Erickson不喜欢谈论她自己和她所做的事情，但这次她这么做了，因为她想鼓励其他人关心这个濒危物种。根据下文中的"Happily，a friend and her son have joined her in her new-found（11）________."可知，该处为鼓励其他人关心这种濒危的物种，才有了下文中的有朋友加入。故选B项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.passion激情；B.exit出口；C.species物种；D.fiction虚构的事。句意：令人高兴的是，一位朋友和她的儿子加入了她新发现的爱好。根据上文中的"However，it's she who has found the（9）________ in raising butterflies in the end."可知，此处指的是新发现的激情。故选A项。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.opportunity机会；B.result结果；C.change改变；D.inspiration灵感。句意：我们有望看到这些减少的数字有所变化。根据下文中的"...in those decreasing numbers."并结合上文" She managed to（1）________ 27 butterflies last year and this year the（2）________ has gone up to 61. "中提到的帝王蝶数量的变化，可知此处指的是数量上的变化。故选C项。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.hobby业余爱好；B.version版本；C.rumour谣言；D.exercise练习。句意：这个新爱好是人们关心生活中小事情的一个很好的例子。根据上文中的" However，it's she who has found the（9）________ in raising butterflies in the end. "可知，在老人发现的养蝴蝶的乐趣后，使得帝王蝶的数量在增加，由此可以判断此处指的是关心生活中小事情的典范。故选A项。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.promises承诺；B.reminds使想起，提醒；C.upsets使不安；D.strengthens加强。句意：它使我们想到，在生活中有目标永远都不晚。根据全文内容可知，通过老人养帝王蝶的经历是为了说明一个道理，所以此处指的是此事使我们想到的一个道理。故选B项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.polite有礼貌的；B.generous慷慨的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.purposeful有目的的。句意：它使我们想到，在生活中有目标永远都不晚。根据上文中的"As Gwen Erickson approached 97，she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies—the monarch butterfly （帝王蝶）."介绍可知，老人在97岁时开始养帝王蝶，说明无论什么时候有目标都不晚。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了快到97岁的Gwen Erickson开始饲养美国最受欢迎但濒临灭绝的一种蝴蝶---帝王蝶。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】traditional
【小题2】but
【小题3】to
【小题4】which
【小题5】makes
【小题6】enhancing
【小题7】yourself/yourselves
【小题8】physically
【小题9】to sustain
【小题10】rocks
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：除了传统的室内锻炼之外，户外运动还有很多好处。此处修饰名词indoor workouts要用形容词。故填traditional。
（2）考查连词。句意：这听起来有点棒，但这是真的。此处需填连词，根据句意可知，本句与上文是转折关系。故填but。
（3）考查介词。句意：一个简单的例子是：户外运动可以增加我们暴露在阳光下，提高维生素D的产生，这与改善情绪、促进骨骼健康和增强免疫系统功能有关。固定短语exposure to sth意为"接触某物"。故填to。
（4）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一个简单的例子是：户外运动可以增加我们暴露在阳光下，提高维生素D的产生，这与改善情绪、促进骨骼健康和增强免疫系统功能有关。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系代词在从句中作主语。故填which。
（5）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：户外运动锻炼会让你很快乐。根据上下文可知，本句应该用一般现在时，此处填谓语，动名词作主语，所以谓语动词用单数，需要加s。故填makes。
（6）考查动名词。句意：锻炼，尤其是户外运动，会给心理健康带来巨大的好处，从减少抑郁和焦虑到增强自尊（自尊心）和情绪。此处考查range from…to...意为"从……到……范围"，to是介词，所以此处要用动名词形式。故填enhancing。
（7）考查反身代词。句意：再加上锻炼的生理好处，你就可以让自己在生活中看到更高水平的快乐。主语与宾语为同一人时，宾语用反身代词，此处既可以指的是"你自己"也可以指的是"你们自己"。故填yourself/yourselves。
（8）考查副词。句意：在地形变化的环境中锻炼身体，迫使你的身体努力维持运动，你的大脑保持专注，不断适应和避免伤害。此处修饰后面的active，所以要用副词。故填physically。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：在地形变化的环境中锻炼身体，迫使你的身体努力维持运动，你的大脑保持专注，不断适应和避免伤害。此处填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式。故填to sustain。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：想想在家里或健身房的跑步机上行走，相比在有岩石和树根的小径上徒步旅行，通过海拔的不断变化来推动你的心血管系统。此处填名词作宾语，rock是可数名词，空格前没有限定词，且与空后roots并列，所以用复数。故填rocks。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了户外运动的好处，做一次户外运动，会给你的工作或者生活带来很多的好处。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Notice The music society is aimed at promoting students' ability to appreciate music and expand its influence，which is intended to recruit new members this Friday after school in the music classroom.（招新的目的）
Whoever is fond of music and willing to get involved in music creation and performance is preferable in our club.【高分句型一】Once admitted，you'll have the opportunities to experience various activities，ranging from lectures on music theory to high-level concerts.To provide a platform for every member to show their talent，a yearly performance will also be held.【高分句型二】（社团活动介绍）
If you have interest in the club，please sign up on the school website or send your application form to Room 401 in the Art Building.Looking forward to your join!（报名方式）Music Club
【解析】高分句型一：Whoever is fond of music and willing to get involved in music creation and performance is preferable in our club.
翻译：喜欢音乐并愿意参与音乐创作和表演的人最好加入我们的俱乐部。
分析：本句使用了whoever引导的主语从句。
高分句型二：To provide a platform for every member to show their talent，a yearly performance will also be held.
翻译：为了给每位会员提供一个展示才华的平台，还将举行年度表演。
分析：本句使用了不定式To provide a platform for every member to show their talent作目的状语。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】It was at that moment that the woman decided to come up to him to say something. "While you're in here stuffing your face，there are criminals that need catching out there，" she said.What the woman said hurt Owen severely.【高分句型一】He was tired and hungry，and he had to hear those words from her.Although the man was not in a good mood after the incident，he did not make any explanation or answered back to the woman who easily judged a man in uniform who was only trying to get his lunch. （那位女士对Owen说的什么，以及Owen的反应是什么）
However，Owen decided to share something on the Internet.In his post，he said he wanted to tell the lady who scolded him for buying food on duty that he had been working since 7：05 am that morning，not even for toilet break.His shift was not easy，especially on the particular day，and the unkind remark he got made it all even worse.He felt sad for someone who was quick to judge a person without really knowing the person.【高分句型二】（他在网上分享的内容）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了苏塞克斯警察局的一名警察Andre Owen是个好心肠的年轻警官，在他当值的一天是非常艰难的，从早上7点05分就开始工作，处理了在布莱顿的一件严重事件，在回来的路上，又遇到一起交通事故，处理完后，到了吃午餐的时候，遇到了一位一直盯着他看的女士。
高分句型一
What the woman said hurt Owen severely.
翻译：那个女人的话严重伤害了欧文。
分析：运用了what引导的主语从句。
高分句型二
He felt sad for someone who was quick to judge a person without really knowing the person.
翻译：他为那些在没有真正了解一个人的情况下就对他做出判断的人感到难过。
分析：运用了who引导的定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年河北省部分学校高三（上）期末英语试卷
A
Shakespeare's writing shaped our modern language，but how did his plays describe the landscape of 15th- and 16th-century Britain？This guide will take you on a mini tour of the poet's favored locations.
Pontefract Castle，Yorkshire
In its prime，Pontefract Castle was one of the most powerful forts（堡垒）in Europe，but its fearful reputation was once so strong that the poet used it to suggest power and terror.In Richard II，Pontefract is the terrible scene of the king's murder and three men are condemned to death at the castle in Richard III.Now，Pontefract is the perfect destination for a fearful yet fascinating day out.
Sandal Castle，West Yorkshire
First built from wood in the 12th century，by the 13th century Sandal Castle had become an impressive stone forts.In the 15th century，the castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this conflict that inspired Shakespeare's Henry VI.The site of the battlefield is now a peaceful farm and all that remains of the once grand castle are broken walls.
Dunsinane Hill，Perthshire
A castle built atop Dunsinane Hill in Scotland is one of the dramatic backdrops to the blood-soaked horror of Shakespeare's shortest tragedy，Macbeth.Today，the hill has the remains of two forts，one of which is the site on which the real Macbeth suffered a military defeat in 1054.
Forest of Arden，Warwickshire
Situated in Shakespeare's home county of Warwickshire，Arden was once a heavily wooded area and provides the complex setting for the poet's pastoral comedy.Visitors can enjoy sever- al picturesque walks around the young forest，which is now home to over a million new trees.
1. What did Shakespeare use Pontefract Castle to stand for？ ______
A. Hope and anger. B. Life and death.
C. Power and fear. D. Past and history.
2. What is Shakespeare's inspiration for Henry VI？ ______
A. The surroundings of Sandal Castle.
B. A long battle happening at Sandal Castle.
C. The impressive buildings of Sandal Castle.
D. Shakespeare's preference for Sandal Castle.
3. Where was Shakespeare born？ ______
A. In Yorkshire. B. In West Yorkshire.
C. In Perthshire. D. In Warwickshire.
B
Norma Newcombe has been a nurse for nearly 60 years.She started her career at a hospital for babies in August 1958，but she has no plans to retire.
She has worked with Wrightington，Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust for 40 years.She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973.Apart from taking an eight-year break from her career to have her two children in 1965，the dedicated nurse has spent nearly 60 years working in her role.
Modest Norma describes herself as a school nurse who just does her job.She said， "I'm proud to be where I am and I'm very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing.We have brilliant team leaders and I work with a brilliant team of school nurses and health visitors.I'm just happy with what I am and where I am."
During the COVID-19 pandemic，Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system （免疫系统）.Norma said that she liked people rather than machines.She thought she could still write quicker than she could type.Obviously，things have to progress，but there is not the same personal contact.Despite hitting the milestone，Norma has no plans to slow down.
Norma's colleagues surprised her with a party at her workplace，where she was gifted flowers and jewellery.Rabina Tindale，chief nurse in the hospital，said， "We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom.She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years.We hope she has an amazing day to celebrate her birthday with her colleagues."
4. How long has Norma been a full-time school nurse till 2022？ ______
A. 65 years. B. 60 years. C. 49 years. D. 41 years.
5. What does Norma's words show？ ______
A. Her wish for the future.
B. Her love for nursing work.
C. The support from the local area.
D. The reason why she works as a nurse.
6. Why did Norma have to work at home during the COVID-19 pandemic？ ______
A. Her immune system was weak.
B. She was too old to travel to work.
C. The nursing school was closed down.
D. It was difficult for her to live in the school.
7. Which word can best describe Norma？ ______
A. Creative. B. Respectable. C. Stubborn. D. Funny.
C
Fossils are well preserved remains，impressions，or traces（痕迹）of animals and plants that lived long ago.Paleontologists（古生物学家）divide fossils into two main groups.Some fossils，called body fossils，show the structure of the plant or the animal.They form directly from the remains of plants and animals.Other fossils，called trace fossils.They record signs of animal or plant activities，such as walking，feeding，scratching，or even resting.
Most animals and plants don't become fossils after they die.They break down into little bits or may be eaten by other animals.But some remains get buried too fast，avoiding those things happening.An animal might die near a body of water and sink to the bottom，where its remains get covered in sediment （沉积物）.As sediment builds up，mineral-rich water the remains，leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones.The new minerals react with those in the animal's remains and then harden into fossils.
Most fossils are buried deep in the Earth.As the Earth's surface changes，scientists can dig up new fossils and learn more about past life and the Earth's history.In rock that formed before a certain time，roughly 2.8 million years ago，scientists will not find human fossils.
Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth's history.By studying fossils，we learn about a great variety of plants and animals that lived in the past.We can know what they looked like，how and where they moved and what they ate.By comparing fossils from different time periods，we can track the evolution of a species，see how it adapted to changes in its environment，and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.
8. What can we learn from paragraph 1？ ______
A. Fossils are remains of plants and animals.
B. Trace fossils only tell us the activities of animals.
C. Trace fossils form directly from the remains of creatures.
D. Body fossils show almost the original structure of creatures.
9. What is the main idea of paragraph 2？ ______
A. Where we can find fossils.
B. How animals and plants become fossils.
C. Different fossils have different features.
D. Which methods are used to study fossils.
10. What does the underlined phrase "seeps into" in paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Engages in. B. Succeeds in. C. Delights in. D. Sinks in.
11. What does the author think of the research of fossils？ ______
A. Ridiculous. B. Complex. C. Significant. D. Inspiring.
D
You've probably heard the phrase， "Laughter is the best medicine. " Comedy on Referral has taken that idea and run with it，using standup comedy to help treat people struggling with trauma（精神创伤） and anxiety in partnership with the National Health Service （NHS）.
The idea came from comedian Angie Belcher's experiences teaching comedy at University of Bristol.She found that students often told her how much stronger and more resilient（有适应力的） they were thanks to standup comedy.
Inspired，she teamed up with the NHS in Bristol to create a six-week comedy course for patients struggling with trauma in January 2022.Following the success of this initial course，Comedy on Referral won NHS funding to help men with trauma in London.
Belcher said， "Past traumas are perfect for comedy.Comedy doesn't come from the happy，perfect moments of your life，but from our everyday struggles and major life events.People who've been through big life experiences such as losing a loved one and ill health often can't wait to tell me their stories，mostly because there's always something especially funny about the situation. "
Research has shown that laughter has positive psychological effects，such as decreasing levels of cortisol-the stress hormone-and increasing endorphins （内啡肽）.It can even have physiological benefits，although less research has been done in this area.Current research has linked laughter and humour with increased levels of pain tolerance as well as short-term cardiovascular benefits.More research is needed to prove these findings.
Nonetheless，the mental health benefits of regular laughter are widely accepted，and using comedy to treat mental health struggles could be a real breakthrough in the treatment of mental health.
12. Why is the phrase mentioned in paragraph 1？ ______
A. To stress the importance of laugh.
B. To explain the harm trauma causes.
C. To show the effect of standup comedy.
D. To state the idea behind Comedy on Referral.
13. How was the first six-week comedy course for patients？ ______
A. Effective. B. Ambiguous. C. Controversial. D. Fruitless.
14. What may contribute to a comedy according to Belcher？ ______
A. Struggling moments. B. Funny moments.
C. Happy moments. D. Successful moments.
15. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Laugh will cure you of all diseases
B. Anxiety can also make you feel better
C. Laughter is useful to people's mental health
D. Comedy is one thing that can make you struggle
Awake？Here Is How to Return to Sleep
It is usual for people to wake up a few times during the night.Older people often get up to go to the bathroom.Waking at night usually is not a problem.
But what about some other people？If it happens a few times a week，there may be a troublesome reason． (1) ．Such sleep difficulties are called insomnia（失眠）．
You may wake up，look at the clock and worry about your work.There may be stressful things on your mind.These feelings may activate（激活） a stress hormone in your body.If you worry that you can't sleep，it may make it harder to fall asleep.
(2) .If you are awake 25 minutes or more，get out of bed and do something quiet.Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help.Meditation also may work.You may sit on a couch and read a book or magazine in dim light.Do not read on a smartphone or a tablet in the dark place.
(3) ．Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening．Besides，nap（小睡） lowers your drive to fall asleep in the evening.Avoid napping late in the day. (4)
Try to keep to a routine schedule for sleep.There is a problem when you go to bed and wake up at different times.Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia. (5) ，called circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）．They work on 24-hour cycles．
If you get up during the night to go to the bathroom，limit how much water or liquid you drink a few hours before bedtime.
A.Do something helpful
B.Try to avoid early naps
C.Avoid coffee after 2 pm
D.Nap no later than early afternoon
E.The problem has to do with the sleep cycle of your body
F.Here are some reasons for the difficulties in your sleeping
G.Stress and anxiety are some reasons for people who have sleep difficulties
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
As Gwen Erickson approached 97，she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies—the monarch butterfly （帝王蝶）.She managed to (21) 27 butterflies last year and this year the (22) has gone up to 61.
The whole process is a little (23)， beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard.Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living room table，the caterpillar （毛毛虫） appeared，and then，within several weeks，formed a chrysalis （蛹）.Two weeks later the beautiful butterflies (24) .Erickson then released the butterflies into the wild，but a couple seemed a little (25) to leave their loving home and (26) the senior by flying around the house.
Erickson remembered her first attempt to raise (27) and said she hoped it could enable her grandchildren to (28) an interest in these beautiful insects.However，it's she who has found the (29) in raising butterflies in the end.
Erickson doesn't like to talk about herself and what she does，but she does so this time as she wants to (30) others to care for this endangered species.Happily，a friend and her son have joined her in her new-found (31) .Hopefully，we will see a（n） (32) in those decreasing numbers.
This new (33) is a fine example of people caring for the smaller things in life.It (34) us that it's never too late to be (35) in life.
21. A. steal B. donate C. keep D. photograph
22. A. number B. size C. range D. variety
23. A. money-saving B. labor-demanding
C. energy-efficient D. time-consuming
24. A. sped up B. turned up C. woke up D. grew up
25. A. impatient B. delighted C. surprised D. unwilling
26. A. accompanied B. attended C. greeted D. impressed
27. A. flies B. pests C. butterflies D. bees
28. A. regain B. develop C. remove D. express
29. A. decoration B. fossil C. herb D. pleasure
30. A. allow B. encourage C. arrange D. invite
31. A. passion B. exit C. species D. fiction
32. A. opportunity B. result C. change D. inspiration
33. A. hobby B. version C. rumour D. exercise
34. A. promises B. reminds C. upsets D. strengthens
35. A. polite B. generous C. optimistic D. purposeful
36. Outdoor exercise provides a lot of benefits beyond those seen with (1) （tradition） indoor workouts.It sounds a bit fantastic， (2) it's true.
One simple example：Exercising outdoors increases our exposure (3) sunlight，improving vitamin D production， (4) has been linked to improving mood，promoting bone health，and boosting immune system function.Exercising outdoors (5) （make） you happy.Being in nature can improve feelings of well-being and life satisfaction.In fact，simply being outside and breathing fresh air has been shown to reduce stress and enhance relaxation.
Exercising，particularly outdoors，drives huge mental health benefits，ranging from reducing depression and anxiety to (6) （enhance）self-esteem （自尊心） and mood．Combine that with the physiological benefits of exercise，and you can make (7) （you） see greater levels of joy in your life.
Being (8) （physical） active in an environment with changing landforms forces your body to work hard (9) （ sustain） the movement and your mind to stay focused to constant- ly adapt and avoid injury.Think about walking on your treadmill （跑步机）at home or in the gym compared to hiking on a trail with (10) （rock） and roots to cross and constant changes in elevation to push your cardiovascular （心血管的）system.
Take off the burden and have an outdoor exercise，and it will bring many benefits to your work or school life.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是你校音乐社团的宣传部部长，请你用英语写一则音乐社团的招新通知并张贴到学校国际部，内容包括：
（1）招新的目的；
（2）社团活动介绍；
（3）报名方式。
注意：
（4）写作词数应为80左右；
（5）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
The music society_________
38. Every single one of us has a different story.It is easy to judge others based on what we witness for a brief amount of time，but this is not what we should do.
Andre Owen is a policeman who works for the Sussex Police.He is a kind-hearted young officer.He is always working hard and devotes himself to his duty.And on one particular day，his shift（轮班）wras proving to be one of the tough days.That day，he started to work at around 7：05 am.It was such an early start for his duty that he had no time for breakfast.He was called to a serious incident shortly after he began to be on duty.The incident was in Brighton，which meant he had to go to Oxford to take care of the matter.It was a long drive there，which took him about two hours to get there.The matter was very hard to deal with，but he managed to settle it successfully.
After his visit to Oxford，Andre Owen drove his way back，only to find another incident down the road.The accident involved a family who needed help，but the traffic was so crowd- ed that they couldn't get through.As a result，the officer had to stop traffic to get them to safety.At the end of it，he had 45 minutes left in his shift but he still had to drive back for two more hours.
It was such a difficult day and he almost did not get to have time to eat.At lunchtime，he finally had an opportunity to get food，so he went to the nearest fast food restaurant to buy himself lunch.Just like any other customers there，the policeman was patiently waiting for his food to arrive.A lady eating her own food，kept staring at him while he was waiting.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was at that moment that the woman decided to come up to him to say something._________
However，Owen decided to share something on the Internet.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段In its prime，Pontefract Castle was one of the most powerful forts （堡垒） in Europe，but its fearful reputation was once so strong that the poet used it to suggest power and terror. （在其鼎盛时期，庞特弗拉克特城堡是欧洲最强大的堡垒之一，但它可怕的名声曾经如此强大，以至于诗人用它来暗示权力和恐怖。）可知，莎士比亚用庞特弗拉特城堡来代表权力和恐惧。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段In the 15th century，the castle found itself at the centre of a long and bloody battle.It was this conflict that inspired Shakespeare's Henry VI.（在15世纪，这座城堡发现自己正处于一场漫长而血腥的战斗的中心。正是这种冲突启发了莎士比亚的《亨利六世》。）可知，莎士比亚对亨利六世的灵感来自桑达尔城堡发生了一场漫长的战斗。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Situated in Shakespeare's home county of Warwickshire，Arden was once a heavily wooded area and provides the complex setting for the poet's pastoral comedy.（雅顿位于莎士比亚的家乡沃里克郡，曾经是一片茂密的树林，为这位诗人的田园喜剧提供了复杂的背景。）可知，莎士比亚出生在Warwickshire。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个与莎士比亚的经典剧作有关的风景名胜。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、B、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的She has been a full-time school nurse since 1973.（自1973年以来，她一直是一名全职的学校护士。）可知，Norma从1973年起担任学校的专职护士，所以Norma做了49年学校的专职护士。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Norma的话I'm proud to be where I am and I'm very passionate about the local area and everything related to the school nursing.（我很自豪能做到这一点，我对当地和与学校护理相关的一切都充满热情。）以及I'm just happy with what I am and where I am.（我只是对我现在的样子和我现在的位置感到满意。）可知，她热爱她的工作。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段During the COVID-19 pandemic，Norma had to work from home due to having a weakened immune system （免疫系统）.（在COVID-19大流行期间，由于诺玛的免疫系统薄弱，诺玛不得不在家工作。）可知，因为她的免疫力差，所以疫情期间她不得不在家工作。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Rabina Tindale的话We are extremely proud to have Norma as part of our team and access to her significant experience and wisdom.She holds a very special place in the hearts of the children and families that she has helped over the years.（我们非常自豪诺玛能成为我们团队的一员，并获得她的重要经验和智慧。她在多年来帮助的孩子和家庭心中占据着非常特殊的地位。）可知，她认为Norma是值得尊敬的。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。一位年迈的英国护士仍然坚持工作并且拒绝退休。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Some fossils，called body fossils，show the structure of the plant or the animal.（一些化石，被称为身体化石，显示了植物或动物的结构。）可知，实体化石能够呈现动植物的结构。故选D项。
（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Most animals and plants don't become fossils after they die.They break down into lite bits or may be eaten by other animals.（大多数动植物在它们死后不会变成化石。它们会分解成碎片，也可能被其他动物吃掉。）以及尾句The new minerals react with those in the animal's remains and then harden into fossils.（这些新的矿物质与动物遗骸中的矿物质发生反应，然后硬化成化石。）可知，该段主要介绍了化石的形成过程。故选B项。
（3）词句猜测题。分析句子结构可知，划线短语后半句leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones（在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原来的骨骼。）为现在分词短语作结果状语，在骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质是划线单词产生的结果，由此可推断划线短语所在句子As sediment builds up，mineral-rich water the remains，leaving minerals in the tiny spaces of the bones and even replacing the original bones.的意思是：随着沉积物的堆积，富含矿物质的水渗透到遗骸中，在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原始骨骼。因此划线单词的意思是"渗入"的意思，只有先渗入遗骸，才会导致骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质。A.Engages in.从事；B.Succeeds in.成功；C.Delights in.高兴；D.Sinks in.下沉，渗入。故选D项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Fossils are our keys to understanding prehistoric life and the Earth's history.（化石是我们理解史前生命和地球历史的关键。）以及尾句By comparing fossils from different time periods，we can track the evolution of a species，see how it adapted to changes in its environment，and understand more about the climate and environment where the fossils were buried.（通过比较来自不同时期的化石，我们可以追踪一个物种的进化，了解它如何适应环境的变化，并更多地了解化石所在的气候和环境。）可知，作者认为研究化石是有重大意义的。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了化石的形成和作用。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】D、A、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Comedy on Referral has taken that idea and run with it，using standup comedy to help treat people struggling with trauma （精神创伤） and anxiety in partnership with the National Health Service （NHS）. （《转诊喜剧》采纳了这个想法，并与国家健康服务体系（NHS）合作，使用单口喜剧来帮助治疗与创伤（精神创伤）和焦虑作斗争的人。）可知，第1段提到这个短语是为了陈述《推荐喜剧》背后的想法。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Following the success of this initial course，Comedy on Referral won NHS funding to help men with trauma in London.（在最初的课程取得成功之后，《转诊喜剧》获得了NHS的资助，以帮助伦敦的创伤男性。）可知，第一个为期六周的患者喜剧课程非常有效。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Comedy doesn't come from the happy，perfect moments of your life，but from our everyday struggles and major life events.（喜剧不是来自你生活中快乐、完美的时刻，而是来自我们日常的挣扎和重大的生活事件。）可知，Belcher认为，过去的创伤是喜剧的完美素材。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段Nonetheless，the mental health benefits of regular laughter are widely accepted，and using comedy to treat mental health struggles could be a real breakthrough in the treatment of mental health.（尽管如此，经常笑的心理健康益处已被广泛接受，而使用喜剧来治疗心理健康斗争可能是治疗心理健康的一个真正的突破。）可知，本文主要讲述的是大笑对于治疗精神和心理健康是有用的。所以"C.Laughter is useful to people's mental health"为最佳标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。《转诊喜剧》项目利用"笑是最好的药"这一思想，与英国国民医疗服务体系（ NHS）合作，利用单口喜剧帮助治疗那些与精神创伤和焦虑作斗争的人。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】G、A、C、D、E
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句If it happens a few times a week，there may be a troublesome reason（如果一周发生几次，可能会有一个造成这种麻烦的原因），可知表示"压力和焦虑是导致睡眠困难的一些原因"的选项G符合前后的语境，a troublesome reason和Stress and anxiety是关键词，故选G。
（2）主题判断题。根据后文If you are awake 25 minutes or more，get out of bed and do something quiet.Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help（如果你醒了25分钟或更长时间，起床做一些安静的事情。轻柔的拉伸或呼吸练习可能会有所帮助），可知表示"做些有帮助的事"的选项A符合本段的主题，get out of bed and do something quiet和Gentle stretches or breathing exercises是关键词，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据后句Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening（咖啡可以在你的消化系统中保持到晚上），可知表示"下午2点后不要喝咖啡"的选项C符合前后的语境，stay in your digestive system well into the evening和after 2 pm是关键词，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句Avoid napping late in the day（避免在白天的晚些时候打盹），可知表示"小睡需要不迟于下午早些时候"的选项D符合前后的语境，late in the day和no later than early afternoon是关键词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句There is a problem when you go to bed and wake up at different times.Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia（研究表明，不规律的睡眠时间可能会导致失眠）；以及后文called circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）．They work on 24-hour cycles（称为昼夜节律。它们每24小时一循环），可知表示"这个问题与你身体的睡眠周期有关"的选项E符合前后的语境，a problem和circadian rhythms是关键词，故选E。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了在半夜醒来能够再次进入睡眠的方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、A、D、B、D、A、C、B、D、B、A、C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.steal偷；B.donate捐赠；C.keep饲养；D.photograph拍照。句意：去年她设法养了27只蝴蝶，今年增加到61只。根据上文中的"she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies—the monarch butterfly （帝王蝶）. "可知，此处指的是饲养帝王蝶。故选C项。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.number数量；B.size尺寸；C.range范围；D.variety种类。句意：去年她设法养了27只蝴蝶，今年增加到61只。根据上文中的"...27 butterflies last year"和下文中的"...has gone up to 61."可知，说明帝王蝶的数量增加了，故选A项。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.money-saving省钱的；B.labor-demanding需要体力的；C.energy-efficient节能的；D.time-consuming耗时的。句意：整个过程有点耗时。根据下文中"...beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard.Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living room table，the caterpillar （毛毛虫） appeared，and then，within several weeks，formed a chrysalis （蛹）. "整个孵化过程可知，整个过程有些耗时。故选D项。
（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.sped up加速；B.turned up出现，来到；C.woke up唤醒；D.grew up成长。句意：两周后，美丽的蝴蝶出现了。根据上文中"...beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard.Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living room table，the caterpillar （毛毛虫） appeared，and then，within several weeks，formed a chrysalis （蛹）."讲述的整个孵化过程可知，此处说明帝王蝶孵化出来了。故选B项。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.impatient没有耐心的；B.delighted高兴的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.unwilling不情愿的。句意：随后，Erickson将蝴蝶放飞到野外，但有一对似乎不太愿意离开它们有爱的家，它们陪在老人身边，在房子里飞来飞去。根据上文中"Erickson then released the butterflies into the wild，but a couple seemed..."中的but以及"...to leave their loving home "可知，释放帝王蝶到野外时，有两只蝴蝶不愿离开。故选D项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.accompanied陪伴；B.attended参加，出席；C.greeted问候；D.impressed使……印象深刻。句意：随后，Erickson将蝴蝶放飞到野外，但有一对似乎不太愿意离开它们有爱的家，它们陪在老人身边，在房子里飞来飞去。根据上文中"Erickson then released the butterflies into the wild，but a couple seemed a little（5）________ to leave their loving home..."以及下文中的"...by flying around the house."可推断，帝王蝶陪着老人不愿离开。故选A项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.flies苍蝇；B.pests害虫；C.butterflies蝴蝶；D.bees蜜蜂。句意：Erickson还记得她第一次尝试饲养蝴蝶的情景，她说她希望这能让她的孙子孙女们对这些美丽的昆虫产生兴趣。根据全文语境及第一段中的"As Gwen Erickson approached 97，she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies..."并结合全文语境可知，此处为第一次养蝴蝶。故选C项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.regain恢复，重新获得；B.develop培养；C.remove清除；D.express表达。句意：Erickson还记得她第一次尝试饲养蝴蝶的情景，她说她希望这能让她的孙子孙女们对这些美丽的昆虫产生兴趣。结合语境及下文中的"...an interest in these beautiful insects."可知，此处为培养兴趣。故选B项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.decoration装饰；B.fossil化石；C.herb香草；D.pleasure快乐。然而，最后是她发现了养蝴蝶的乐趣。根据上文中的"...an interest in these beautiful insects."可知，此处指的是老人找到了养蝴蝶的乐趣。故选D项。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.allow允许；B.encourage鼓励；C.arrange安排；D.invite邀请。句意：Erickson不喜欢谈论她自己和她所做的事情，但这次她这么做了，因为她想鼓励其他人关心这个濒危物种。根据下文中的"Happily，a friend and her son have joined her in her new-found（11）________."可知，该处为鼓励其他人关心这种濒危的物种，才有了下文中的有朋友加入。故选B项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.passion激情；B.exit出口；C.species物种；D.fiction虚构的事。句意：令人高兴的是，一位朋友和她的儿子加入了她新发现的爱好。根据上文中的"However，it's she who has found the（9）________ in raising butterflies in the end."可知，此处指的是新发现的激情。故选A项。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.opportunity机会；B.result结果；C.change改变；D.inspiration灵感。句意：我们有望看到这些减少的数字有所变化。根据下文中的"...in those decreasing numbers."并结合上文" She managed to（1）________ 27 butterflies last year and this year the（2）________ has gone up to 61. "中提到的帝王蝶数量的变化，可知此处指的是数量上的变化。故选C项。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.hobby业余爱好；B.version版本；C.rumour谣言；D.exercise练习。句意：这个新爱好是人们关心生活中小事情的一个很好的例子。根据上文中的" However，it's she who has found the（9）________ in raising butterflies in the end. "可知，在老人发现的养蝴蝶的乐趣后，使得帝王蝶的数量在增加，由此可以判断此处指的是关心生活中小事情的典范。故选A项。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.promises承诺；B.reminds使想起，提醒；C.upsets使不安；D.strengthens加强。句意：它使我们想到，在生活中有目标永远都不晚。根据全文内容可知，通过老人养帝王蝶的经历是为了说明一个道理，所以此处指的是此事使我们想到的一个道理。故选B项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.polite有礼貌的；B.generous慷慨的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.purposeful有目的的。句意：它使我们想到，在生活中有目标永远都不晚。根据上文中的"As Gwen Erickson approached 97，she began raising one of America's most popular，yet endangered butterflies—the monarch butterfly （帝王蝶）."介绍可知，老人在97岁时开始养帝王蝶，说明无论什么时候有目标都不晚。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了快到97岁的Gwen Erickson开始饲养美国最受欢迎但濒临灭绝的一种蝴蝶---帝王蝶。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】traditional
【小题2】but
【小题3】to
【小题4】which
【小题5】makes
【小题6】enhancing
【小题7】yourself/yourselves
【小题8】physically
【小题9】to sustain
【小题10】rocks
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：除了传统的室内锻炼之外，户外运动还有很多好处。此处修饰名词indoor workouts要用形容词。故填traditional。
（2）考查连词。句意：这听起来有点棒，但这是真的。此处需填连词，根据句意可知，本句与上文是转折关系。故填but。
（3）考查介词。句意：一个简单的例子是：户外运动可以增加我们暴露在阳光下，提高维生素D的产生，这与改善情绪、促进骨骼健康和增强免疫系统功能有关。固定短语exposure to sth意为"接触某物"。故填to。
（4）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一个简单的例子是：户外运动可以增加我们暴露在阳光下，提高维生素D的产生，这与改善情绪、促进骨骼健康和增强免疫系统功能有关。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系代词在从句中作主语。故填which。
（5）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：户外运动锻炼会让你很快乐。根据上下文可知，本句应该用一般现在时，此处填谓语，动名词作主语，所以谓语动词用单数，需要加s。故填makes。
（6）考查动名词。句意：锻炼，尤其是户外运动，会给心理健康带来巨大的好处，从减少抑郁和焦虑到增强自尊（自尊心）和情绪。此处考查range from…to...意为"从……到……范围"，to是介词，所以此处要用动名词形式。故填enhancing。
（7）考查反身代词。句意：再加上锻炼的生理好处，你就可以让自己在生活中看到更高水平的快乐。主语与宾语为同一人时，宾语用反身代词，此处既可以指的是"你自己"也可以指的是"你们自己"。故填yourself/yourselves。
（8）考查副词。句意：在地形变化的环境中锻炼身体，迫使你的身体努力维持运动，你的大脑保持专注，不断适应和避免伤害。此处修饰后面的active，所以要用副词。故填physically。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：在地形变化的环境中锻炼身体，迫使你的身体努力维持运动，你的大脑保持专注，不断适应和避免伤害。此处填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式。故填to sustain。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：想想在家里或健身房的跑步机上行走，相比在有岩石和树根的小径上徒步旅行，通过海拔的不断变化来推动你的心血管系统。此处填名词作宾语，rock是可数名词，空格前没有限定词，且与空后roots并列，所以用复数。故填rocks。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了户外运动的好处，做一次户外运动，会给你的工作或者生活带来很多的好处。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Notice The music society is aimed at promoting students' ability to appreciate music and expand its influence，which is intended to recruit new members this Friday after school in the music classroom.（招新的目的）
Whoever is fond of music and willing to get involved in music creation and performance is preferable in our club.【高分句型一】Once admitted，you'll have the opportunities to experience various activities，ranging from lectures on music theory to high-level concerts.To provide a platform for every member to show their talent，a yearly performance will also be held.【高分句型二】（社团活动介绍）
If you have interest in the club，please sign up on the school website or send your application form to Room 401 in the Art Building.Looking forward to your join!（报名方式）Music Club
【解析】高分句型一：Whoever is fond of music and willing to get involved in music creation and performance is preferable in our club.
翻译：喜欢音乐并愿意参与音乐创作和表演的人最好加入我们的俱乐部。
分析：本句使用了whoever引导的主语从句。
高分句型二：To provide a platform for every member to show their talent，a yearly performance will also be held.
翻译：为了给每位会员提供一个展示才华的平台，还将举行年度表演。
分析：本句使用了不定式To provide a platform for every member to show their talent作目的状语。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】It was at that moment that the woman decided to come up to him to say something. "While you're in here stuffing your face，there are criminals that need catching out there，" she said.What the woman said hurt Owen severely.【高分句型一】He was tired and hungry，and he had to hear those words from her.Although the man was not in a good mood after the incident，he did not make any explanation or answered back to the woman who easily judged a man in uniform who was only trying to get his lunch. （那位女士对Owen说的什么，以及Owen的反应是什么）
However，Owen decided to share something on the Internet.In his post，he said he wanted to tell the lady who scolded him for buying food on duty that he had been working since 7：05 am that morning，not even for toilet break.His shift was not easy，especially on the particular day，and the unkind remark he got made it all even worse.He felt sad for someone who was quick to judge a person without really knowing the person.【高分句型二】（他在网上分享的内容）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了苏塞克斯警察局的一名警察Andre Owen是个好心肠的年轻警官，在他当值的一天是非常艰难的，从早上7点05分就开始工作，处理了在布莱顿的一件严重事件，在回来的路上，又遇到一起交通事故，处理完后，到了吃午餐的时候，遇到了一位一直盯着他看的女士。
高分句型一
What the woman said hurt Owen severely.
翻译：那个女人的话严重伤害了欧文。
分析：运用了what引导的主语从句。
高分句型二
He felt sad for someone who was quick to judge a person without really knowing the person.
翻译：他为那些在没有真正了解一个人的情况下就对他做出判断的人感到难过。
分析：运用了who引导的定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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