2022年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题（原卷+解析）

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扬州市2022年初中毕业、升学统一考试英语试题
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1. China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since ________ late 1970s, according to ________ World Bank.
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：据世界银行称，自20世纪70年代后期以来，中国已帮助消除了全球70%的贫困人口。
考查冠词。空格一处表示年代，用“the+年份复数”，表示“在几世纪几十年代”，排除AC；World Bank“世界银行”是专用名词，前加定冠词the。故选B。
2. Place names often have interesting connections ________ the local landscape and people.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：地名通常与当地景观和人有着有趣的联系。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；at在；to到。根据“Place names often have interesting connections...the local landscape and people”可知地名和当地景观和人有联系，have connections to...“和……有联系”。故选D。
3. ________ astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.
A. Though B. Till C. When D. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。
考查连词辨析。Though虽然；Till直到；When当……时候；Unless除非。根据“astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe”可知当宇航员太空行走时，他们会穿宇航服，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
4. Xia Sen ________ a simple life and saves her money for donations.
A. lives B. lived C. was living D. will live
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：夏森过着简朴的生活，攒钱捐款。
考查动词时态。根据“and saves her money for donations”可知句子描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三。故选A。
5. —Tell me, Grandma. ________ is your favourite person in the whole wide world?
—That’s easy! It’s you!
A. What B. Who C. How D. Whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？——这很简单。是你！
考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Who谁；How怎样；Whom谁。根据“It’s you”可知上文询问人，且疑问词在句中作主语，用疑问代词who。故选B。
6. We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us a sense of ________.
A. achievement B. department C. treatment D. entertainment
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们年轻人尽我们最大的努力实现我们的梦想，共同取得一个小小的胜利就会给我们一种成就感。
考查名词。achievement成就；department部门；treatment治疗；entertainment娱乐。根据“a small success can give us a sense of”可知，表达成就感，用名词“achievement”。故选A。
7. Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ________ hear a thing.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么也听不见。
考查情态动词。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you...hear a thing”可知此处表示“现在就开始保护听力，等不能听到声音再保护就晚了”，使用can’t。故选D。
8. In such cheerful conversation, the time ________ all too quickly.
A. went up B. went down C. went by D. went back
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在这么欢快的对话中，时间流逝地很快。
考查动词短语。went up上升；went down沉下；went by流逝；went back追溯。根据“the time”及“too quickly”可知，表达时间流逝地快。用短语“went by”。故选C。
9. It’s ________ of the boy to leave the tap running.
A. endless B. homeless C. meaningless D. careless
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个男孩离开时忘记关水龙头很粗心大意。
考查形容词辨析。endless无止境的；homeless无家可归的；meaningless无意义的，无价值的；careless粗心大意的。根据“to leave the tap running”，可知表达这个男孩走的时候没关水龙头很粗心。故选D。
10. —May I speak to Wang Li?
—Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month.
A. left B. has left C. has been away D. went away
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我可以和王丽说话吗？——对不起，她不在家。从上个月开始，她就离开了。
考查时态。根据“since last month”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has done，排除AD；且此处应用延续性动词，而left“离开”是非延续动词，排除B。故选C。
11. ________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door.
A. Reach B. To reach C. Reaching D. To reaching
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“the people locked inside”的目的是“the firemen broke down the door”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
12. People in cold areas ________ warm colours to calm colours in their homes.
A. protect B. prefer C. pronounce D. practise
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。
考查动词辨析。protect保护；prefer更喜欢；pronounce发音；practise练习。根据“People in cold areas...warm colours to calm colours”以及常识可知寒冷地区的人更喜欢暖色系，prefer...to“与……相比，更喜欢……”。故选B。
13. —I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A. organizes B. organized C. was organized D. will be organized
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last Sunday”可知是过去的事，是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“a forest clean-up activity”，和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“was organized”。故选C。
14. —Excuse me, could you tell me ________?
—You can take No. 6 bus there. It’s about 15 minutes’ ride.
A. how far is the Slender West Lake B. how far the Slender West Lake is
C. how can I get to the Slender West Lake D. how I can get to the Slender West Lake
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去瘦西湖吗？——你可以在那里乘坐6路公交车。大约15分钟的车程。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“You can take No. 6 bus there”可知上句询问应如何去某地，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。
15. —My pet dog died yesterday. I’m in a bad mood.
—________. I know how it feels.
A. Sorry to hear that B. That’s not the case C. Never mind D. It’s a pleasure
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我的宠物狗昨天死了。我的心情不好。——很抱歉听到这个消息。我知道那是什么感觉。
考查情景交际。Sorry to hear that很抱歉听到这个消息；That’s not the case事实并非如此；Never mind没关系；It’s a pleasure别客气。根据“My pet dog died yesterday. I’m in a bad mood”可知此处应对别人的不幸遭遇表示同情，选项A符合语境。故选A。
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save ___16___. It was true Gulliver was very expensive.
Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor, “I’m ___17___ to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.”
Then he hurried down to the sea ___18___ Lilliput and Blefuscu.
The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him.
“Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay as ___19___ as you like.”
Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat—but a full-sized one. It was ___20___ upside down in the water.
Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, “Can you help me rescue the boat? This could be my chance to go home.”
“Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.”
Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the ___21___.
With the ships pulling and Gulliver ___22___, the boat was brought safely to shore.
Gulliver and the king’s men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished.
“I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But no one at home will ___23___ my story. Could I take some of your people with me?”
“I can’t possibly ___24___ that,” said the king. “But you may take some ____25____ and a sheep.”
He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I understand ____26____ you have to.”
“Thank you,” said Gulliver. “I’ll never ____27____ you all.”
After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly.
He was ____28____! One sailor found him. The ship sailed over and ____29____ Gulliver. “Where have you come from?” asked the captain. “A place called Lilliput.” said Gulliver and he showed the captain the ____30____ from the emperor.
The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he agreed to take Gulliver all the way home.
—Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels
16. A. life B. time C. money D. energy
17. A. against B. beyond C. off D. through
18. A. between B. among C. upon D. during
19. A. long B. far C. often D. soon
20. A. taking B. falling C. swimming D. floating
21. A. boats B. ships C. men D. sails
22. A. filling B. shaking C. pushing D. carrying
23. A. make B. expect C. suppose D. believe
24. A. require B. refuse C. avoid D. allow
25. A. food B. people C. coins D. cows
26. A. when B. how C. why D. whether
27. A. forget B. regret C. force D. obey
28. A. in danger B. in luck C. in fear D. in peace
29. A. picked up B. gave up C. set up D. dressed up
30. A. awards B. presents C. victims D. rewards
【答案】16. C 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，主要讲述了格列佛在国王的帮助下修好了船只，带着国王的礼物回到了自己的国家。
【16题详解】
句意：就连小人国的皇帝也想少给他食物以省钱。
life生活；time时间；money钱；energy能量。根据“Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save...It was true Gulliver was very expensive”可知皇帝是为了省钱才给他少量的食物。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：我要离开去不来夫斯库。
against反对；beyond超过；off离开；through通过。根据“...to visit Blefuscu...”可知他要离开小人国去不来夫斯库。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：然后他急忙下到小人国和不来夫斯库之间的海里。
between在两者之间；among在……之间；upon在上面；during在……期间。根据“Lilliput and Blefuscu”可知海在两国之间，用between。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：你喜欢待多久就待多久。
long长的；far远的；often经常；soon很快。根据“Stay as...as you like”可知此处指待多长时间，as long as you like“想待多久待多久”。故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：它上下颠倒地漂浮在水里。
taking带走；falling掉落；swimming游泳；floating漂浮。根据“unside down in the water”可知船漂浮在海里。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：格列佛游到船上，拿着每艘船上的绳索。
boats小船；ships船；men男人；sails航行。根据“With the ships pulling”可知此处指船上的绳子。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：随着船只的拉动和格列佛的推动，船被安全地带到了岸边。
filling充满；shaking摇晃；pushing推；carrying携带。根据“With the ships pulling and Gulliver”可知船拉，格列佛推。故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：但是没有人会相信我的故事。
make制作；expect期待；suppose推断；believe相信。根据“Could I take some of your people with me”可知他要带一些人走，因为他家乡的人不会相信他的故事。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：我可能不会允许。
require需要；refuse拒绝；avoid避免；allow允许。根据“But you may take some...and a sheep”可知国王不允许他带人走，让他带一些牛和羊。故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：但是你可以带走一些牛和一只羊。
food食物；people人；coins硬币；cows牛。根据“For a few gold coins and a couple of cows”可知国王给了他一些牛。故选D。
26题详解】
句意：但是我理解你为什么不得不走。
when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；whether是否。根据“But I understand...you have to”可知国王理解他为什么一定要走。故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：我永远不会忘记你们所有人。
forget忘记；regret后悔；force迫使；obey遵守。根据“I’ll never...you all”可知是不会忘记他们。故选A。
【28题详解】
句意：他很幸运。
in danger处于危险中；in luck幸运；in fear害怕；in peace和平地。根据“One sailor found him”可知他很幸运，有人发现了他。故选B。
【29题详解】
句意：船驶过，接走了格列佛。
picked up捡起，接载；gave up放弃；set up建立；dressed up装扮。根据“The ship sailed over and...Gulliver.”可知是这个船接载了他。故选A。
【30题详解】
句意：他向船长展示了皇帝的礼物。
awards奖；presents礼物；victims受害者；rewards报酬。根据“For a few gold coins and a couple of cows”可知这些是皇帝送给他的礼物。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Wetlands are any land that is flooded with shallow water all or most of the time. They are a natural water holding system.
There are many types of wetlands. Among them, bogs, marshes and swamps are the three main types. The different types of wetlands have different kinds of plants. Only mosses(苔藓)and a few other kinds of plants can grow in bogs. Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds(芦苇)are the most common plants in a marsh. A swamp is a forest whose ground is underwater all or most of the time. Unlike bogs or marshes, a swamp is full of trees and bushes. It’s not a good idea to go exploring a swamp without a guide. There are hidden pools of water, thick mud, and sometimes big crocodiles(鳄鱼)looking for their next meal.
Hungry crocodiles aren’t the only animals that make the wetlands their home. Otters, turtles, frogs, snakes and many other animals do too. The water is home to many kinds of fish and crabs. Birds, including ducks, geese and cranes, use wetlands seasonally during their long migrations.
Wetlands are important because they provide habitats for plants and animals. A wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods, and restore underground water supplies.
According to WWF, more than half of the world’s wetlands have disappeared since the beginning of the 20th century. If this continues, countless plant and animal species will surely die out. Without wetlands, cities have to spend more money treating water. Don’t feel helpless. Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas.
31. According to Paragraph 2, what can you see in a swamp?
A. Mosses. B. Cattails. C. Reeds. D. Trees.
32. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Wetlands are a man-made water holding system.
B. There are three types of wetlands in the world.
C. People can not meet with big crocodiles in wetlands.
D. Wetlands can protect shorelines and prevent floods.
33. What is the writer probably going to talk about after Paragraph 5?
A. What are the different types of wetlands?
B. What will happen if wetlands disappear?
C. What actions can people take to protect wetlands?
D. What other kinds of plants and animals live in wetlands?
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ a swamp is full of trees and bushes”可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods”可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线、防止洪水。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas”可知接下来会介绍应如何保护湿地。故选C。
B
Every month, Julia and her cousins would go for the big family meal at their grandparents’ house. On each visit, their grandpa would give them a few coins. Then all the children would run off to buy sweets. One day, he gathered the children together. He said, “Let’s have a competition to see who can manage money wisely. At the end of this year, tell me how you’ve used your money.”
Ruben and Nico, the two smallest kids, continued spending their money all on sweets. Every time, they would show off their sweets in front of the other children. This made Clara and Joe so angry that these two could no longer keep saving their money. They soon joined Ruben and Nico.
Monty was a clever boy. He decided to manage his money by buying and selling things. Soon he made a lot of money with little effort. The way he was going, he would end up almost a rich man. However, he began to spend his money on more and more expensive things for himself. A few months later, he hadn’t a single penny（便士）left.
Alex saved and saved all the coins he was given, and at the end of the year he had collected more money than anyone. He was the clear winner.
There was also Julia. Poor Julia hadn’t a penny on the day of the competition. She had spent all her coins on her secret plan. Julia knew a poor violinist who played in the park, and she offered him all the coins for his violin lessons. Although it wasn’t much money, on seeing Julia’s excitement, the violinist agreed. A little after a year the violinist loaned her a violin so they two could play together in the park. They were so successful that she managed to buy her own violin. Even better, she later became a very famous violinist.
34. Why did the children’s grandpa suggest the competition to them?
A. To encourage them to win competitions. B. To teach them how to manage their money.
C. To tell them money was important to them. D. To know who was the cleverest child in the family.
35. The underlined words “these two” in Paragraph 2 refer to（指的是）________.
A. Clara and Joe B. Ruben and Nico C. Monty and Alex D. Alex and Julia
36 What can we learn from Julia’s story?
A. Get rich slow, or get poor fast.
B. Little effort always brings much money.
C. A little money well spent can help realize your dreams.
D. It is not wise of you to spend all the money you've got.
37 What is the best title for the passage?
A. Grandpa’s coins B. Julia’s cousins
C. A saving competition D. A happy family
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. C 37. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Let’s have a competition to see who can manage money wisely”可知他是为了教导孩子如何明智地理财。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This made Clara and Joe so angry that these two could no longer keep saving their money”可知Clara和Joe非常生气，所以他们也不再坚持存钱了，故此处划线部分指代“Clara and Joe”。故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They were so successful that she managed to buy her own violin. Even better, she later became a very famous violinist”可知Julia用自己的钱帮助了那个小提琴手，最后她也在那个小提琴手的帮助下获得了成功，成为了一个著名的小提琴手，由此可知有时花一点钱可以实现自己的梦想。故选C。
【37题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想，故文章以“一场存钱比赛”展开。故选C。
C
My five-year-old son befriends the woman. It starts with voices in the yard. When I come out to check on Daniel, his face is pressed on the fence（篱笆）.
The woman says, “You wait right here; I’ll be right back. ”
She returns with a saw（锯子）. There’s a whirring. A circle in the wooden fence drops out of sight.
“Dad! Sandy just drilled out a hole in the fence so Sandy and I can talk! ” Daniel spins around.
I hadn’t known her name was Sandy. We’ve lived here a month before Daniel was born.
Daniel’s and Sandy’s murmuring voices continue. Whenever Daniel is outside, he circles near the fence that isn’t a fence any more. Some days my son just goes to stand at the hole, yelling, “Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!” Sometimes I hear bits of their talk.
“We painted a ghost at school.”
Or: “Wheeler and Jackson were playing football, and they told me I couldn’t play.”
“That wasn’t very nice, ” says Sandy. “Did that hurt your feelings? Did you let them know that?”
I can’t hear how he replies. A moment of envy runs through me. He never talks about his school things with me.
Daniel and Sandy not only keep chatting through the hole, they also exchange gifts. A coloring book, then a Hot Wheels car. It’s unclear what Daniel gives Sandy in return.
One afternoon, I hear Sandy’s voice floating over the top of the fence with the hole. “I thought maybe Daniel could come for a play date.”
We ring the bell on Sandy’s porch. She’s a middle-aged woman with smiling eyes. Sandy’s yard is sweet with the smell of flowers. We have a pleasant afternoon with Sandy, my son’s adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made on his own.
A month later, Sandy leaves to care for her mother in Kansas. She left behind a box of presents: a coloring book, sidewalk chalk, the missing orange part in the Hot Wheels track. When I look at Daniel, he’s looking down at his shoes.
He sometimes wanders down to the fence. Instead of calling “Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!” he cries. “Hello! Helloooooo!”
One day, Daniel receives Sandy’s postcard. They write frequently, warmly.
38. Which of the following is the correct order of the story?
a. Sandy leaves for Kansas to care for her mother.
b. Daniel and Sandy exchange gifts through the hole.
c. Daniel and Sandy are good pen friends.
d. Sandy drills out a hole in the fence.
e. Sandy invites Daniel to come to her yard for a play date.
A. dbeac B. badec C. dceab D. ecadb
39. Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 4 from the bottom?
A. The neighbourhood I grew up in has a fence like this.
B. We’ve passed through the hole in the fence.
C. Beyond that fence stands Sandy’s blue house.
D. I’m a person who looks on the bad side of the fence.
40. What can we know about Daniel from the underlined sentences in the story?
A. He doesn’t care about Sandy’s leaving. B. He is impressed with the shoes from Sandy.
C. He is heartbroken when hearing the news. D. He does not want to be Sandy’s friend any more.
41. Which sentence best expresses the theme of the story?
A. Parents are children’s best friends. B. Trust and friendship can go beyond ages.
C. A good fence makes a good neighbour. D. Grass is greener on the other side of the fence.
【答案】38. A 39. B 40. C 41. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sandy just drilled out a hole in the fence so Sandy and me can talk”可知，桑迪在篱笆挖了一个洞；根据“Daniel and Sandy not only keep chatting through the hole, they also exchange gifts”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪通过洞交换礼物；根据“I thought maybe Daniel could come for a play date”可知，桑迪邀请丹尼尔来她的庭院参加玩耍聚会；根据“A month later, Sandy leaves to care for her mother in Kansas”可知，桑迪动身到堪萨斯州去照顾她的母亲。根据“One day, Daniel receives Sandy’s postcard”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪是很好的笔友。正确顺序是dbeac。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“We have a pleasant afternoon with Sandy, my son’s adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made on his own”可知，作者和桑迪度过了愉快的下午，儿子的成年朋友丹尼尔是他自己交的第一位朋友，儿子和桑迪之前通过篱笆的洞进行交流，现在直接见面，已经打破了篱笆的障碍。B选项“我们穿越了篱笆的那个洞”合适。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“he’s looking down at his shoes”及“he cries”可知，儿子舍不得桑迪的离开，听到那个消息感到伤心。故选C。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。B选项“Trust and friendship can go beyond ages信任和友谊可以打破年龄的界线”可概括。故选B。
D
Researchers at China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp, a State-owned defense contractor, have developed and made the world’s first robot whale shark（鲸鲨）.

The robotic shark has been on display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slow-moving carpet shark and the largest known living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based No 111 Factory, the underwater robot is 4.7 meters long, weighs 350 kilograms and can move 42 meters a minute.
Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The mouth and gills（鳃）can also open and close like a shark’s. The biomimetic shark is made of sensors（传感器）, multi-joint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it to avoid what’s in the way in all directions.
“The robot can reach a depth of 10 meters and work for as long as 10 hours,” said Fang Xuelin, a senior researcher in charge of the robot shark program.
“The shark can be remotely controlled and can also swim based on preset programs or its own sensors,” he said.
“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes, and the robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far,” Fang added. “Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection.”
“The factory now plans to develop more types of aquatic robots, including some extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, for display in parks and schools. It will also promote the products to businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prospecting,” he said.
42. The whale shark on display is ________.
A. the world’s first robot B. the largest living fish
C. a 7.4-meter-long shark D. a robotic shark
43. What does the underlined word “biomimetic”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. 仿生的 B. 虚拟的 C. 杂交的 D. 变异的
44. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factory.
B. Powered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim without stopping.
C. The factory has built multiple kinds of robot fishes including the shark.
D. The factory has developed some extinct mammals for display in parks.
45. What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?
A. The limits of the aquatic robots. B. The purposes of the aquatic robots.
C. The progress in making aquatic robots. D. The steps to developing aquatic robots.
【答案】42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“the world’s first robot whale shark”可知，展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨。故选D。
【43题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based No 111 Factory”及第五段“Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark”可知，鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水。“biomimetic”表达“仿生的”。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes, and the robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far”可知，工厂已经建了很多种类的机器鱼，机器鲸是目前制作的最大的机械鱼。C选项表述准确。故选C。
【45题详解】
段落大意题。根据“Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection”可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的。故选B。
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
46. Let me repeat ________ what he just said.（exact）
【答案】exactly
【解析】
【详解】句意：让我准确地重复他刚说的话。动词“repeat”用副词修饰。表达“准确地”用“exact”的副词形式“exactly”。故填exactly。
47. Excuse me, what problems are we really ________ to solve?（try）
【答案】trying
【解析】
【详解】句意：对不起，我们真的在设法解决什么问题？try“试图，设法”，根据“what problems are we really...to solve”可知此处表示正设法解决什么问题，用现在进行时be doing，故此处用现在分词。故填trying。
48. A ________ competitive spirit can push people to try to be better.（health）
【答案】healthy
【解析】
【详解】句意：健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。根据“competitive spirit”，此处用形容词healthy“健康的”作定语，表示“健康的竞争精神”。故填healthy。
49. After a night’s rain, the mountains are much greener and the air is much ________.（fresh）
【答案】fresher
【解析】
【详解】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更绿了，空气也更清新了。fresh“清新的”，根据“the mountains are much greener”以及“much”可知此处用形容词的比较级作表语。故填fresher。
50. Working as a team means celebrating ________ and facing losses together.（victory）
【答案】victories
【解析】
【详解】句意：作为团队一起工作意味着一起庆祝胜利和面对失败。动词“celebrating”后缺宾语，根据“and facing losses”可知表达庆祝胜利，是复数概念，用复数名词“victories”。故填victories。
51. Life is like a box of ________. You never know what you’re gonna get.（巧克力）
【答案】chocolates
【解析】
【详解】句意：生命就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会拿到哪块。介词“of”后缺宾语，表达“一盒巧克力”用“a box of chocolates”。故填chocolates。
52. The Communist Party of China is now leading the nation toward building a great ________ socialist country.（现代的）
【答案】modern
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国共产党正在带领民族建设社会主义现代化强国。此处修饰名词“socialist country”应用形容词modern“现代的”。故填modern。
53. ________ minutes after she left, it started to snow heavily.（三十）
【答案】Thirty
【解析】
【详解】句意：她离开三十分钟后，天开始下大雪。三十：thirty，此处表示数量，用基数词，放句首首字母大写。故填Thirty。
54. If we drop litter in a public place, we’ll be ________ by the police.（罚款）
【答案】fined
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所丢垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。罚款：fine，主语we和谓语fine之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填fined。
55. Mum joined our little group and introduced ________ to our new friends.（她自己）
【答案】herself
【解析】
【详解】句意：妈妈加入我们这个小组，向我们的新朋友介绍她自己。动词“introduced”后缺宾语，表达“她自己”用反身代词“herself”。故填herself。
五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过10个词）
You don’t know me unless you read a book called The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Huck’s my name, Huckleberry Finn. That book ends like this: my best friend, Tom Sawyer, and I found $12,000 in gold in a cave. We became rich. We got $6,000 each.
My mother died long ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas took me into her home to live. She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought new clothes for me. She read stories to me and taught me how to eat at a table. She sent me to school every day.
I hated those new clothes. I missed my old life. I put on my old clothes and ran away and was free and happy, but Tom Sawyer found me and said that if I wanted to join his club, I would have to return to live with the widow. For this reason, I returned to live with her.
The months passed and winter came. The weather got cold. One morning I woke up and there was snow on the ground. On my way to school I saw some footprints outside the widow’s house. My heart jumped. Pap!
“He’s heard about my money,” I thought. “And he wants it! ”
When I lit my candle and went up to my room that night, there sat Pap—his own self! I expected to be scared of him now, but I wasn’t. I stood looking at him; he set there—looking at me.
Pap was nearly fifty years old. His black hair was long and uncombed and dirty. He had allowed hair to grow on his face, which was ghostly white. Just looking at the ugly white skin made me feel sick. His clothes? —dirty and torn. His feet showed through large holes in his shoes. His hat was on the floor—an old black hat with a large hole in it.
—Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
56. Who is telling the story?
____________________________________________________________
57. How did Tom and Huck become rich?
___________________________________________________________
58. Why did Widow Douglas take Huck in to live with her?
___________________________________________________________
59. Why did Huck return to live with Widow Douglas?
___________________________________________________________
60. What is Huck’s father like in your eyes? Why do you think so?
___________________________________________________________
【答案】56. Huckleberry Finn.
57. They found $12,000 in gold in a cave.
58. Because his mother died long ago and his father disappeared.
59. Because he wanted to join Tom’s club.
60. Violent. Because his father was always drunk and beat Huck.
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述哈克贝利费恩的母亲去世，父亲消失了。一位寡妇收养了他。他想加入汤姆的俱乐部，所以回去和寡妇一起住。后来有一天他发现父亲回来了的经历。
【56题详解】
根据第一段“Huck’s my name, Huckleberry Finn”可知是哈克贝利费恩在讲述故事。故填Huckleberry Finn.
【57题详解】
根据第一段“That book ends like this: my best friend, Tom Sawyer, and I found $12,000 in gold in a cave. We became rich”可知，汤姆索亚和哈克贝利费恩在洞穴里找到了价值一万两千美元的黄金，所以变得有钱了。故填They found $12,000 in gold in a cave.
【58题详解】
根据第二段“My mother died long ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me”可知，哈克的母亲很久前去世了，他的父亲消失了，他总是喝酒经常打他。故填Because his mother died long ago and his father disappeared.
【59题详解】
根据第三段“Tom Sawyer found me and said that if I wanted to join his club, I would have to return to live with the widow. For this reason, I returned to live with her”可知，汤姆索亚找到哈克，告诉他如果哈克想加入汤姆的俱乐部，哈克必须回去和寡妇一起住。故填Because he wanted to join Tom’s club.
【60题详解】
根据第二段“my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me”可知，哈克的父亲消失了，他的父亲总是喝酒，经常打哈克，可推断哈克的父亲很暴力。故填Violent. Because his father was always drunk and beat Huck.
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）

The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and l___61___ canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___62___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum o___63___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021. It covers an area of some 80,000 square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___64___ of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h___65___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907） the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w___66___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control. The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___67___ by many as the “treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___68___ people changed nature.
Passing t___69___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____70____ which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?
【答案】61. (l)ongest
62. (c)ities
63. (o)pened
64. (s)hape
65. (h)istory
66. (w)hile
67. (c)onsidered
68. (h)ow 69. (t)hrough
70. (m)useums
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【61题详解】
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“oldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“longest”。故填(l)ongest。
【62题详解】
句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“one of 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhou”，“in Jiangsu province”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
【63题详解】
句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its doors to the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。
【64题详解】
句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“of a giant ship waiting to set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape of”。故填(s)hape。
【65题详解】
句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“history”。故填(h)istory。
【66题详解】
句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions...they continue to be used for transport, irrigation and flood control.”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
【67题详解】
句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be considered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)onsidered。
【68题详解】
句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“people changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“how”引导从句。故填(h)ow。
【69题详解】
句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibition hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass through”。故填(t)hrough。
【70题详解】
句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
七、书面表达（计30分）
A. 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
71. 我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人?
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【答案】What can we do to help those in need?
【解析】
【详解】句子是特殊疑问句，我们能做什么：what can we do；帮助：help；有需要的人：those in need；由语境可知，“帮助有需要的人”是目的，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填What can we do to help those in need?
72. 不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。
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【答案】Please turn off the lights, the TV and the computer when they are not in use.
【解析】
【详解】句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头，please“请”；关掉：turn off；电灯：the ligths；电视：the TV；电脑：the computer；当……时候：when；be in use“在使用中”，从句主语是they“它们”，be动词用are，变否定句时在be动词后加not。故填Please turn off the lights, the TV and the computer when they are not in use.
73. 秋天，树叶变黄，从树上落下。
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【答案】In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees.
【解析】
【详解】句子是陈述句，是一般现在时。表达“在秋天”用介词短语“in autumn”，是时间状语，放在句首。主语是“树叶”是复数概念，用复数名词“leaves”。表达“变”，用系动词“turn”。表达“黄”用形容词“yellow”作表语。表达“落下”用动词短语“fall off”，表达“树”用名词“trees”作宾语。用连词“and”连接动词形成并列结构。故填In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees.
74. 当别人说话时，这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。
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【答案】When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully.
【解析】
【详解】句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时；句子是when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语是others“其他人”，谓语动词用原形speak“说话”；足够……去做某事：adj. enough to do sth.；主句主语是the nurse，be动词用is；耐心的：patient；听：listen，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully.
75. 我希望今年暑假我们能和朋友共度更多的时光。
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【答案】I hope we can spend more time with friends this summer vacation.
【解析】
【详解】句子主语是I，谓语用原形hope“希望”，I hope that...“我希望……”，后加宾语从句；从句主语是we“我们”；能：can，其后加动词原形；和某人度过更多的时光：spend more time with...；朋友：friends；今年暑假：this summer vacation。故填I hope we can spend more time with friends this summer vacation.
B. 写作（计20分）
76. 最近，你校开展了“巧手制书签，书香满校园”主题活动，请你以“A DIY bookmark for my favourite book”为题，根据表格中的内容提示写一篇英语短文，向学校英文报的读书专栏投稿，介绍制作书签的目的和过程，并分享制作心得。
Why you made it
help enjoy reading your favourite book（name, type of book, what you like most）
How you made it
Materials & Tools
● card
● scissors, glue…
Steps

● cut the card into…
● draw a picture of…
● write（your favourite sentence from the book or a famous saying or…）
● …
How you felt
…
要求：（1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
（2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
（3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
A DIY bookmark for my favourite book
Last week I took part in our school’s Reading & Bookmark-making activity. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
A DIY bookmark for my favourite book
Last week I took part in our school’s Reading & Bookmark-making activity. Its purpose was to help us enjoy reading our favourite book. My favorite book is the classic novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels. I like Monkey King best because he helps the weak and never gives up.
In order to make a bookmark, I prepared a card, scissors, glue and so on. First, I cut the card into long strips. And then I drew a picture of a monkey on the left and wrote a famous saying “Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.” on the right to encourage me not to give up when facing difficulties. At last, I glued it to a thin piece of wood.
Although I met some difficulties in this process, I never gave up and I am proud of myself.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文以“A DIY bookmark for my favourite book”为题，并结合表格中的内容，描述制作书签的目的和过程，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主；人称以第一人称为主。第一段介绍制作书签的目的，以及最喜欢的书的类型和最喜欢这本书的什么地方；第二段重点描述制作书签需要的材料和工具以及制作书签的过程；第三段描述自己的感想。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误