英语-2022-2023学年高一下学期开学摸底考试卷B（浙江专用）

绝密★考试结束前

2022-2023学年高一下学期开学摸底考试卷B（浙江专用）

英语

（考试时间：120分钟  试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.

答案是 C。

1．What is Susan probably doing?

A．Doing her homework. B．Doing some shopping. C．Looking for something.

2．How much will the man pay in total?

A．$20. B．$36. C．$40.

3．What does Lisa think of skating?

A．Fun. B．Difficult. C．Dangerous.

4．Why has Tom changed his plan?

A．The weather will be bad  B．No good movie will be on.    C．He will have to do the cleaning

5．What does the woman think Edward should do?

A．See a doctor. B．Find a new job. C．Avoid overworking.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．When did Daisy come to New York?

A．Three months ago. B．Six months ago. C．Nine months ago

7．What is Daisy now?

A．An actress. B．A waitress. C．A student.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8．Why did the woman give up her dream to be a gym teacher?

A．She didn’t have the equipment.  B．She couldn’t afford the expense.  C．She found the training too hard.

9．How does the woman feel about her job now?

A．Satisfied. B．Regretful. C．Disappointed.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10．Why does Cindy want to move house?

A．Her house is poorly located.   B．Her neighbour is too noisy.    C．The rent is high.

11．What does the recommended apartment have?

A．A small kitchen. B．Three bedrooms. C．One big bathroom

12．What will Henry probably do next?

A．Make an appointment. B．Find a phone number C．Look at an apartment.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13．Which chess class does the man choose?

A．The Friday class. B．The Saturday class. C．The Sunday class.

14．How often is the computer class offered?

A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week.

15．When will the man go to the. computer class?

A．From 3:00 p. m. to 5:00 p. m.   B．From 5:00 p. m. to 7:00 p. m.   C．From 8:00 p. m. to 10:00 p. m.

16．What benefit will the man get if he takes two classes?

A．He can get some money off.  B．He can get help with his homework  C．He can have the second class for free.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17．What is on special offer?

A．Family tickets. B．Teenagers’  tickets. C．Children’s tickets.

18．When will the special offer end?

A．On June 21. B．On June 25. C．On June 30.

19．What do we know about the newest slides?

A．They are the biggest in the state.    B．They are popular with kids.    C．They are less exciting.

20．What does the speaker suggest people do in the end?

A．Visit the website for more information.  B．Protect themselves from the sun.  C．Book tickets soon.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community unity, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let’s check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.

Gotham Greens

Where: New York &Chicago

What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.

Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students

Where: Baltimore, Maryland

What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.

ReVision Urban Farm

Where: Boston, Massachusetts

What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home-a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.

Swale

Where: New York

What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines—each one complementing the other in a symbiotic (共生的) relationship.

21．What is special about Gotham Greens?

A．It offers homeless families information on healthy eating.  B．It provides job training for students.

C．It uses high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.       D．It creates a sustainable garden on a large boat.

22．Which urban garden offers first-hand farming experience?

A．Gotham Greens. B．Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students

C．Revision Urban Farm. D．Swale.

23．What do these four urban gardens have in common?

A．They are inspirational multinational project.   B．They have educational and entertaining purposes.

C．They are important for city residents.         D．They create job opportunities for farmers.

B

It was in my first year of work as a doctor. My mouth was dry, my hands shaking and my voice trembling. The only thing that kept me focused was the thought that things were so much worse for the family I was talking to.

A woman in her early twenties had been brought in after a road traffic accident. She had suffered multiple injuries and had been rushed up to hospital. The doctors had been unable to save her life and she died on the table. Ashen-faced, the consultant (会诊医生) told the woman’s family the news. “Tom, I think it would be nice if it came from you.” my consultant said.

I stared blankly. “What?” I asked.

“About organ donation (器官捐献).” he replied. Surely this would be the last thing they’d want to talk about. It felt worse to be considering this kind of conversation while they were being engulfed (陷入) in sadness. But the problem with organ donations that every minute counts. The clock is ticking because the sooner organs can be transplanted (移植), the better the chance they will survive in the recipient’s (接受者) body.

I began to feel sick. I opened the door and sat opposite them, made sure that I was only going to make things worse for them. “It’s what she’d have wanted.” the mother said before I’d even finished. The father nodded. “She was always so generous.” her father added.

As my consultant and I left them, it occurred to me that I’d been wrong in thinking it would be an awkward conversation. Nothing could take away the pain of having lost their daughter. Yet this last, final act had comforted them and helped them feel that the spirit of their daughter lived on in this act of generosity. Strangely, it is one of the most heart-warming conversations I have ever had.

24．The first two paragraphs suggest ________.

A．it was hard for the author to face death     B．the author has worked for more than 2 years

C．the author witnessed the traffic accident    D．the bad news was not told at last

25．Why did the author feel sick?

A．He failed to transplant the organ.          B．He was seriously ill at that time.

C．He didn’t know what to do.              D．He was taken to the hospital at once.

26．Why did the couple agree to donate their daughter’s organs?

A．To help the author.                     B．To follow the daughter’s will.

C．To show respect for the doctor.            D．To finish the conversation.

27．What made the awkward conversation heart-warming?

A．The recipient’s thanks.  B．The author’s illness.  C．The consultant’s help.  D．The donor’s kindness.

C

Whenever we turn on the TV or radio, read the newspapers and surf the Internet, we’ll see the word “diet”. We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that do bad things to us psychologically (心理地) and physically (身体地).

It’s obvious that diet products weaken us psychologically. They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption (消耗) of fat. All we have to do is to recognize the word “diet”on food labels (标签).

What’s more, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie (卡路里) drink, we are telling ourselves that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without doing exercises.

As a matter of fact, the danger that diet products bring not only lies in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm they cause. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals (化学品) to produce these wonder products. And they can indirectly harm our bodies because having them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients. Diet products may not be nutritional (营养的), and the chemicals that go into diet products are dangerous.

Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Think twice before buying diet products. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore, prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.

28．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A．Diet products are misleading people.          B．People have trouble choosing diet products.

C．People should not watch TV or turn on radio.   D．Diet products are in our daily life.

29．What is the psychological effect of diet products?

A．People tend to think before they enjoy diet products.

B．People tend to pay attention to their daily diet.

C．People tend to watch their weight rather than their diet.

D．People tend to try out many kinds of diet products.

30．What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 3?

A．Diet products cause no pain.                    B．We should put on weight.

C．Diet products are free of fat and calories.          D．Losing weight is easy.

31．Why do diet products indirectly harm people physically?

A．Diet products are short of basic nutrients.          B．Diet products are rich in chemicals.

C．Diet products must be wonderful products.         D．Diet products are healthy food.

D

As we all know, children are fast learners when learning a second language. However, adults can study a second language as fast as children, a new study reports. Adults can develop the increased neural (神经的) connections with language study that can avoid dementia (痴呆) by four years, as well as make traveling a lot easier.

In an examination of Spanish second-language learners, the researchers found that after simplest training, the brain activity between sentences that relied on grammatical features unique to each language was similar to that of native speakers. “I think it is the reason why people think university foreign language teaching is good. It shows that, even with limited time in the college classroom, learning can happen quite quickly and well,” said professor Alison Gabriele, the co-author of the paper.

Beyond that, it gives parents more reasons to study a second language as part of a family effort. Further research has shown that learning a language as a family effort improves everyone’s abilities and gives opportunities for learning something that are mostly absent from classroom settings. National Geographic reports in an interview with Christine Jernigan, author of Family Language Learning: Learn Another Language, Raise Bilingual Children, that as for immersion (沉浸) in language study, practicing a second language with people is the most important part, and who talks to each other more than a family? Language learners need to be brave. Besides, they should ready themselves for making mistakes and receive others’ advice.

Most people will be far more comfortable making mistakes around family members than in a classroom setting. Furthermore, any home activity, whether that’s gardening, playing in the yard, watching movies, going shopping, cleaning, or cooking a meal, becomes an opportunity for language learning. Jernigan suggests preparing vocabulary before an activity and using it as short homework. Jernigan suggests using subtitles (字幕) too, so you can see which words are being used.

32．What does the new study in paragraph 1 find?

A．Kids often travel a lot ion their own.

B．Adults have learnt a second language better than kids.

C．Adults can study a second language as quickly as kids.

D．Kids are likely to develop the increased neural connections.

33．What does Alison Gabriele think of learning a language in the college classroom?

A．It is successful. B．It is challenging.

C．It is disappointing. D．It is boring.

34．What is the advantage of learning a language as a family effort?

A．Helping kids form good learning habits.          B．Making parents control kids easily.

C．Keeping kids focusing on the classroom.          D．Having more chances to learn in other situations.

35．What should language learners do according to the text?

A．Be brave to take more risks.                B．Fit in with new learning environment.

C．Be willing to accept other’s comments.       D．Spend much time doing home activities.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

You may have been told that the amount of sleep that you need decreases as you get older, but this is not the case. All adults require eight hours of sleep per night, but changes in our sleep patterns as we age mean that this may be more difficult for the elderly. ____36____Instead we sleep more lightly than when we were younger, meaning that we are more likely to feel more tired during the day.

As we get older, our sleep can be affected by changes in our bodies. Sleeping patterns among the elderly can be affected by medical conditions that include depression and heart failure. Medications used can also have an influence on our sleep quality as we get older. In turn, it works the other way round. ____37____Sleep shortage among the elderly can not only increase the risk of injuries caused by tiredness, but a continued lack of sleep can also lead to an increased risk of high blood pressure and heart disease. ____38____

Many elderly people suffer from the combination of “lighter” sleep at night because of health conditions, changes in bodies and getting up during the night to drink or to use the bathroom. ____39____While this ensures that enough sleeping hours are obtained, it will also mean that there is no real routine to stick to, making it harder to get back to normal sleeping patterns.

____40____Ensuring that the bedroom is a relaxing place, getting regular exercise when possible and avoiding too much artificial light at night may help - along with limiting coffee, alcohol, large meals and spicy food before bed.

A．Too little sleep can cause health problems.

B．They will choose to catch up on sleep during the day.

C．We don’t really adapt to getting less sleep than we need.

D．As we age, we find it harder to sleep at the “normal time”.

E．Healthy sleeping habits can help you sleep better and longer.

F．It can also cause mental changes, which can have a bad influence on health.

G．There are plenty of ways in which the elderly can improve sleeping patterns.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

There have been countless brave women throughout history, but Deborah Sampson is especially famous. During the time when women were not ____41____ to serve in the army, Deborah was ____42____ to serve her country. During the American Revolutionary War she dressed as a man and ____43____ the Continental Army under the name of Robert Shirtliff.

Deborah was born on December 17,1760. ____44____ joining the army, she was a servant. To make her dream ____45____ , Deborah made a man’s suit for herself, and ____46____ her youthful looks and a lack of beards, no one in the army ____47____ her, because Deborah was taller than the average woman or man of her day.

Deborah’s service in the war was impressive. According to a report, “Robert Shirtliff’s was always ____48____ as one of the toughest and strongest soldiers in the army. Shirtliff’s physical endurance was legendary.” During ____49____ she was hurt a couple of times but ____50____ to keep her gender unknown to others for a while. The first time she was hurt, she received a (n) ____51____ across her head, which didn’t require medical attention. The second time she had her leg hurt and she ____52____ the wound herself.

However, after Deborah was struck by a fever and was very close to death, she was taken to the hospital. The doctor who treated her realized that she was ____53____ to be a man and told the ____54____ to Deborah’s officers, who decided to ____55____ discharge (使……退役) the young woman due to her heroic service.

41．A．allowed B．expected C．advised D．invited

42．A．proud B．anxious C．worried D．afraid

43．A．supported B．commanded C．joined D．helped

44．A．After B．Before C．Since D．While

45．A．make up B．fall apart C．work out D．come true

46．A．despite B．for C．except D．with

47．A．trusted B．liked C．doubted D．hated

48．A．remembered B．mistaken C．taken D．viewed

49．A．practice B．work C．discussions D．battles

50．A．agreed B．managed C．failed D．refused

51．A．wound B．pain C．check D．operation

52．A．treated B．rescued C．found D．removed

53．A．learning B．inspired C．pretending D．determined

54．A．experience B．secret C．idea D．accident

55．A．sadly B．happily C．successfully D．honorably

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese duo (组合) SuiWenjing and Han Cong won the gold medal in the pairs figure skating at the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, ____56____ took place at the Capital Indoor Stadiumin Beijing on Saturday night.

Sui and Han received 155.47 points in____57____ free skating part, which in addition to their short program score of 84.41 points, ____58____ (place) the Chinese pair on the top of all 16 couples ____59____ competition.

Evgenia Tarasova and Vladimir Morozov, Anastasia Mishina and Aleksandr Galliamov of the Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) claimed the silver and bronze ____60____ (medal) respectively (分别地).

The other Chinese pair Peng Cheng and Jin Yang finished ____61____ (five) with 214.84 points.

Sui and Han performed in the same group along with three ROC pairs—the top 4 scores during the short program.____62____ three ROC pairs delivered incredible performances, Sui and Han hit the ice last.

____63____(perform) to “Bridge Over Troubled Water,” the duo exuded (洋溢) beauty and grace as they ____64____ (smooth) got through their routine. Time seemed ____65____ (stand) still until their performance came to an end.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

目前新冠病毒肆虐，很多人感染了新冠病毒。假设你是高中生李明，现得知你的美国笔友Jack最近对新冠病毒深感恐惧，他很焦虑不知如何应对。请你给他发一封email，指导他做好个人防护。

具体内容包括：1.安慰        2.具体建议（心理方面，日常防护……）

提示：感染 be infected with

字数：80词左右。

Dear Jack,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

To mark their hard work and contribution to wildlife protection in the reserve, last year, Shi’s 20-member team was recognized with a special award at an online award ceremony for the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas’ International Ranger Awards.

Kathy MacKinnon, head of the commission, speaks highly of their work, saying that they are “critical to our global conservation efforts, helping to stem biodiversity loss and protect the important ecosystems that serve as natural solutions to climate change and other global challenges".

Shi realizes that through protecting endangered animals, like giant pandas and snow leopards, the rich biodiversity of the environment can also be maintained, which is a win-win situation.

After graduation from Sichuan Forestry School(now Sichuan Agricultural University) in 1992, Shi became a forest guardian at the Wolong National Nature Reserve.

Established in 1963, Wolong is the country’s earliest panda reserve. It experienced serious human-animal conflict, such as illegal logging and hunting before the 1990s. In 1978, an observation tent, claimed to be the country’s first field camp to study wild giant pandas, was built on a steep forested slope in the reserve.

In the early 1980s, the government cooperated with the World Wide Fund for Nature to establish the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda to save the endangered animal.

At the very beginning, it was really difficult for rangers. With no proper outdoor equipment, like protective jackets or sleeping bags, every time, going around the area could be a life-threatening adventure. Plastic woven bags were commonly used for warmth and as makeshift tents for emergency cases. For Shi, the real challenges are natural disasters, which cannot be predicted.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上作答。

He has a vivid memory of a snowslide in June 2017 during a routine inspection. “We were about to climb over a 400-meter-long mountain pass,_____________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

There is a lot of hard work involved in protecting wildlife, but there are also some surprises from the job.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________