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2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：代词(2) 课件
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这是一份2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：代词(2) 课件，共20页。PPT课件主要包含了必备知识 整合提升，核心考法 重难突破，易混知识 易错清单，强化模拟 限时训练，核心考法重难突破，mine，its，herself，考法训练，theirs等内容，欢迎下载使用。
代词
考法一 考查人称代词、物主代词 及反身代词的用法
考法二 考查it及替代词的用法
考法三 考查不定代词的用法
考法一 考查人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的用法
(1)人称代词：主格主要用作主语，宾格一般用作宾语。(2)物主代词：形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能作定语；名词性物主代词相当于名词，可用作主语、表语和宾语等。(3)反身代词：表示“……自己”，在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。考生在做题时，应结合语境和句子结构，确定应使用人称代词的主格还是宾格，使用形容词性物主代词还是名词性物主代词，或者是使用人称代词还是反身代词。
1 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·64]As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitr's memry.It sure des in ______ (I)．句意为：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而蜿蜒的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。它确实也留在我的记忆中。设空处代指my memry，作介词in的宾语，应用名词性物主代词。故填mine。
2 [全国乙2021·63]Ecturism has ______ (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s.句意为：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。设空处修饰名词rigin，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
3 [浙江2021年6月·61] Mary lved it. She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ______ (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.句意为：玛丽喜欢它。她非常漂亮，而且她的房子反映了她的特点，所有的东西都很有品位，且井然有序。根据句意可知，设空处应指“玛丽自己”。故填反身代词herself。
单句语法填空1．In ne previus experiment, researchers fund that peple preferred cmmunicating with rbts with cmplementary (互补的) persnality characteristics t ______ (they)．2．When the custmers can see the cking prcess with an pen kitchen in the restaurant, it puts ______ (they) mind at ease ver fd safety.3．Giving gifts that yu have made by________ (yu) is much mre tuching, especially if yu're giving them t yur mther.
(1)考查it作替代词，指代已提及的事物、想法或已发生的事情等。考生应掌握it作替代词与其他替代词ne, that, thse等的用法区别。 (2)考查it作形式主语或形式宾语，而动词不定式、v.ing形式、名词性从句等后置，作真正的主语或宾语的句型，以及强调句。
[天津2019·3改编]A study shws the students wh are engaged in afterschl activities are happier than ______ wh are nt.【解析】句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比那些不参加课外活动的学生更快乐。根据设空处后wh引导的定语从句可知，设空处与前文出现的名词students是对应关系，但不是同一物(即不是同一群学生)，因此应用thse替代。
单句语法填空4．Chinese petry with its 3，000yearld histry makes______ the ldest living petry in the wrld. 5．Nwadays, peple all ver the wrld are mre cnnected, and therefre______is ften said that the wrld is getting smaller.
对于不定代词首先要注意其指代的范围，解题时一定要明确所指代的对象，并掌握复合不定代词的用法。1 [全国Ⅰ 2020·69]Data abut the mn's cmpsitin, such as hw ______ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether its plans fr a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【解析】句意为：关于月球构成的数据，比如月球上含有多少冰和其他宝藏，能够帮助中国判断其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。结合句意可知，此处应表示“多少”，且ice为不可数名词，故填much。2 [浙江2019年6月改编] When every pupil in the schl wears the unifrm, ______ will have t wrry abut fashin. 【解析】句意为：当校园里每一个学生都穿校服的时候，就没有人会担心时尚(的问题)了。由句意可知，设空处表示“没有人”，故填nbdy。
单句语法填空6．The bridge links three areas, making it much mre cnvenient t travel frm ne t ______. 7．It's mre than likely that ______ f us start a cnversatin because it's awkward and challenging, r we think it's annying and unnecessary.8．Fr eight years, the scientists asked the same grup t cme back t the lab ______ 18 mnths t take the same srts f tests.
易混：几个替代词的区别
易混：代词的部分否定和全部否定
(1)all, bth, everyne/everybdy/everything以及“every＋名词”都表示全部肯定；当nt出现在含有表示全部肯定意义的不定代词的句子中，不管nt在它们之前还是在它们之后，都表示部分否定。此外，nt与总括性的副词，如everywhere, always，entirely, cmpletely, whlly, altgether等连用时也表示部分否定。•Bth f them haven't read this stry.他们俩并非都读过这个故事。•Nt all f them smke.＝All f them dn't smke.他们当中不是所有人都吸烟。•Such a thing can't be fund everywhere.这种事并不是每个地方都能见到。(2)neither, n ne, nne, nbdy, nthing, nt… any/either，以及“n＋名词”都表示全部否定。•Nthing can stp him ging there.没有什么事能阻止他去那里。
单句填空1．Many Westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap ______ can be t eat ut. 2．Mst parents dn't realize ______ (it) effect n their children and mst parents are slw t admit the fact that they leave their children alne.3．______ (he) wrkshps have taken him arund the cuntry and wrld.4．Better still, the extra water culd be directed t the dry Chengdu Plain, making ______ suitable fr farming.5．When tld that it was a lss t humans, the farmers burst int laughter and respnded, “Our real lss is ______ (we) decreasing incme.”
6．I am cnvinced that a breakthrugh can cme at any age if we have faith in urselves and keep learning and wrking fr ______.7．Every year n her birthday she visits an rphanage (孤儿院) and gifts the little ______ (ne) with sme tys and fd, r smetimes what they are in shrt f.8．Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than ______？9．Many f the cars were new Beta 400s, and mst f ______ (they) were yellw.10．He had dne what he came t d.He was very prud f ______ (he)．
Chpsticks, r kuaizi in Chinese, are a pair f small equallength sticks, usually made f wd, used fr eating. We Chinese eat __1__ chpsticks. It is believed the first chpsticks __2__ (develp) ver 3，000 years ag in China. Excavated (发掘) frm Yin Xu near Anyang, Henan Prvince, the chpsticks dating back t rughly 1200 B．C. were the __3__ (early) evidence f a pair f chpsticks made ut f brnze. Chpsticks, __4__ are rughly f unifrm size thrughut China, can be made f a variety f __5__ (material), including bamb, wd, plastic, silver and gld.
were develped
代词
考法一 考查人称代词、物主代词 及反身代词的用法
考法二 考查it及替代词的用法
考法三 考查不定代词的用法
考法一 考查人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的用法
(1)人称代词：主格主要用作主语，宾格一般用作宾语。(2)物主代词：形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能作定语；名词性物主代词相当于名词，可用作主语、表语和宾语等。(3)反身代词：表示“……自己”，在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。考生在做题时，应结合语境和句子结构，确定应使用人称代词的主格还是宾格，使用形容词性物主代词还是名词性物主代词，或者是使用人称代词还是反身代词。
1 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·64]As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitr's memry.It sure des in ______ (I)．句意为：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而蜿蜒的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。它确实也留在我的记忆中。设空处代指my memry，作介词in的宾语，应用名词性物主代词。故填mine。
2 [全国乙2021·63]Ecturism has ______ (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s.句意为：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。设空处修饰名词rigin，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
3 [浙江2021年6月·61] Mary lved it. She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ______ (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.句意为：玛丽喜欢它。她非常漂亮，而且她的房子反映了她的特点，所有的东西都很有品位，且井然有序。根据句意可知，设空处应指“玛丽自己”。故填反身代词herself。
单句语法填空1．In ne previus experiment, researchers fund that peple preferred cmmunicating with rbts with cmplementary (互补的) persnality characteristics t ______ (they)．2．When the custmers can see the cking prcess with an pen kitchen in the restaurant, it puts ______ (they) mind at ease ver fd safety.3．Giving gifts that yu have made by________ (yu) is much mre tuching, especially if yu're giving them t yur mther.
(1)考查it作替代词，指代已提及的事物、想法或已发生的事情等。考生应掌握it作替代词与其他替代词ne, that, thse等的用法区别。 (2)考查it作形式主语或形式宾语，而动词不定式、v.ing形式、名词性从句等后置，作真正的主语或宾语的句型，以及强调句。
[天津2019·3改编]A study shws the students wh are engaged in afterschl activities are happier than ______ wh are nt.【解析】句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比那些不参加课外活动的学生更快乐。根据设空处后wh引导的定语从句可知，设空处与前文出现的名词students是对应关系，但不是同一物(即不是同一群学生)，因此应用thse替代。
单句语法填空4．Chinese petry with its 3，000yearld histry makes______ the ldest living petry in the wrld. 5．Nwadays, peple all ver the wrld are mre cnnected, and therefre______is ften said that the wrld is getting smaller.
对于不定代词首先要注意其指代的范围，解题时一定要明确所指代的对象，并掌握复合不定代词的用法。1 [全国Ⅰ 2020·69]Data abut the mn's cmpsitin, such as hw ______ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether its plans fr a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【解析】句意为：关于月球构成的数据，比如月球上含有多少冰和其他宝藏，能够帮助中国判断其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。结合句意可知，此处应表示“多少”，且ice为不可数名词，故填much。2 [浙江2019年6月改编] When every pupil in the schl wears the unifrm, ______ will have t wrry abut fashin. 【解析】句意为：当校园里每一个学生都穿校服的时候，就没有人会担心时尚(的问题)了。由句意可知，设空处表示“没有人”，故填nbdy。
单句语法填空6．The bridge links three areas, making it much mre cnvenient t travel frm ne t ______. 7．It's mre than likely that ______ f us start a cnversatin because it's awkward and challenging, r we think it's annying and unnecessary.8．Fr eight years, the scientists asked the same grup t cme back t the lab ______ 18 mnths t take the same srts f tests.
易混：几个替代词的区别
易混：代词的部分否定和全部否定
(1)all, bth, everyne/everybdy/everything以及“every＋名词”都表示全部肯定；当nt出现在含有表示全部肯定意义的不定代词的句子中，不管nt在它们之前还是在它们之后，都表示部分否定。此外，nt与总括性的副词，如everywhere, always，entirely, cmpletely, whlly, altgether等连用时也表示部分否定。•Bth f them haven't read this stry.他们俩并非都读过这个故事。•Nt all f them smke.＝All f them dn't smke.他们当中不是所有人都吸烟。•Such a thing can't be fund everywhere.这种事并不是每个地方都能见到。(2)neither, n ne, nne, nbdy, nthing, nt… any/either，以及“n＋名词”都表示全部否定。•Nthing can stp him ging there.没有什么事能阻止他去那里。
单句填空1．Many Westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap ______ can be t eat ut. 2．Mst parents dn't realize ______ (it) effect n their children and mst parents are slw t admit the fact that they leave their children alne.3．______ (he) wrkshps have taken him arund the cuntry and wrld.4．Better still, the extra water culd be directed t the dry Chengdu Plain, making ______ suitable fr farming.5．When tld that it was a lss t humans, the farmers burst int laughter and respnded, “Our real lss is ______ (we) decreasing incme.”
6．I am cnvinced that a breakthrugh can cme at any age if we have faith in urselves and keep learning and wrking fr ______.7．Every year n her birthday she visits an rphanage (孤儿院) and gifts the little ______ (ne) with sme tys and fd, r smetimes what they are in shrt f.8．Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than ______？9．Many f the cars were new Beta 400s, and mst f ______ (they) were yellw.10．He had dne what he came t d.He was very prud f ______ (he)．
Chpsticks, r kuaizi in Chinese, are a pair f small equallength sticks, usually made f wd, used fr eating. We Chinese eat __1__ chpsticks. It is believed the first chpsticks __2__ (develp) ver 3，000 years ag in China. Excavated (发掘) frm Yin Xu near Anyang, Henan Prvince, the chpsticks dating back t rughly 1200 B．C. were the __3__ (early) evidence f a pair f chpsticks made ut f brnze. Chpsticks, __4__ are rughly f unifrm size thrughut China, can be made f a variety f __5__ (material), including bamb, wd, plastic, silver and gld.
were develped
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