【高考真题解密】高考英语真题题源——专题05《阅读理解（应用文）》母题解密（全国通用）

专题05 阅读理解( 应用文 )

【母题来源一】2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（甲卷）

【母题题文】

A

Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.

1. Who would most probably enter for Take a view?

A. Writers. B. Photographers. C. Painters. D. Tourists.

2. What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?

A. They are winter images.

B. They are in black and white.

C. They show mountainous scenes.

D. They focus on snow—covered forests.

3. Where can the text be found?

A. In a history book. B. In a novel. C. In an art magazine. D. In a biography.

【母题来源二】2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（卷I）

【母题题文】

A

Train Information

All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.

While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.

Lost property(失物招领)

Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.

The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.

Public holidays

On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.

Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.

Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.

Customers using mobility devices

Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.

For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.

Guardian trains (outbound)

21.  What would you do to get ticket information?
 

A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink .com.au.

C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.

22. At which station can you find the lost property office?

A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.

23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?

A. 6:42 pm. B. 7:29 pm. C. 8:57 pm. D. 11:02 pm.

【母题来源三】2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（卷3）

【母题题文】

A

Journey Back in Time with Scholars

Classical Provence(13days)

Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.

Southern Spain(15days)

Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.

China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days)

Discover the China of “past ages,” its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof.  Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.

Tunisia(17days)

Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.

21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？

A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.

C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings.

22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？

A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.

23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？

A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.

1.

I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.I was always an enthusiastic reader,sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties,I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.

My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old.It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.

As I grew older and became a mother,the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life.I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library,where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them. 

I always read,using different voices,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it!It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.

Now,I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.

As a novelist,I’ve found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book.I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers,a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.Libraries,in their own way,help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.

1.Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?

A.Cooperative.                      B.Uneasy.

C.Inseparable.                       D.Casual.

2.What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.Pleasure from working in the library.

B.Joy of reading passed on in the family.

C.Wonderment from acting out the stories.

D.A closer bond developed with the readers.

3.What does the author call on other writers to do?

A.Sponsor book fairs.                  B.Write for social media.

C.Support libraries.                    D.Purchase her novels.

4.Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Reading:A Source of Knowledge

B.My Idea about Writing

C.Library:A Haven for the Young

D.My Love of the Library

2.

“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.

I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on... At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright.Yes,I’ll do it.” 

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.

In that sense,I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies?

1.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?

A.She knows little about the club.

B.She isn’t good at sports.

C.She just doesn’t want to volunteer.

D.She’s unable to meet her schedule.

2.What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?

A.Encourage teamwork.

B.Appeal to feelings.

C.Promote good deeds.

D.Provide advice.

3.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?

A.She gets interested in lacrosse.

B.She is proud of her kids.

C.She’ll work for another season.

D.She becomes a good helper.

4.Why does the author like doing volunteer work?

A.It gives her a sense of duty.

B.It makes her very happy.

C.It enables her to work hard.

D.It brings her material rewards.

3.

For the past two years I have been travelling and living abroad.Home has become more of a feeling than a place.I feel at home when I am with my family in London,but I also feel at home in Italy with friends I love.Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows.It is more complicated than that.

This is one of the reasons that celebrating the New Year has become very important for me.I do not care about “New Year’s resolutions(愿望)”— living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life,so I don’t feel the need to plan for change:I live for change.

New Year’s Eve has become my time to reconnect with the friends,which makes me feel at home.Every year we try to reunite wherever we are,and remember the time when we knew each other so well that we felt like a family.It is a moment to reconnect and get to know each other again.Last year,we travelled to a cottage in Ireland where we had no Internet and no neighbours.In the middle of the countryside,away from our constantly changing lives,we were able to become like a little family again.

This year,we went to Barcelona.It was a very big change.We were surrounded by culture and life and joy.There were bars and parties.It was different,but one thing stayed very much the same—I felt at home again and we felt like a family again.

A lot of people feel that New Year’s Eve cannot live up to expectations.Ideas such as the “New Year’s kiss” and “resolutions” create a lot of pressure for people to have a night to remember,a night that will change their lives and perhaps make the next year one worth living.I think those people are missing the point.If Christmas is about family,why can’t New Year be about friends?

1.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A.Family. B.Living abroad.

C.Home. D.Staying with friends.

2.Why doesn’t the author care about “New Year’s resolutions”?

A.New Year’s resolutions cannot be reached.

B.His lifestyle makes him always ready for change.

C.It’s meaningless to make any big changes in life.

D.Making New Year’s resolutions creates much pressure.

3.What does the author try to convey through his experiences in Ireland and Barcelona?

A.Life is peaceful and enjoyable.

B.Living abroad is a happy experience.

C.Staying with friends makes one feel at home.

D.Travelling abroad enriches one’s life experience.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.New Year’s Celebration:How?

B.True Friendship:What?

C.Living Abroad:Comfortable or Complicated?

D.Change:Plan It or Make It?

4.

Growing up in my household meant often hearing live music.When I was six years old,I took a traditional Irish step dance class.I fell in love and stuck with it for the next seven years.During that time my father also became more involved in the Irish music world,so he would play,and I would dance.My ethnic heritage (族裔归属) is German and Irish,but because I was surrounded by traditional Irish music and dance in my home,I have grown to be more interested in and connected to my Irish heritage.

When I started interning (实习) for the Folklife Festival,I became interested in traditional Basque music and dance and I learned that their experience with dance is very similar to my own.

There are so far over 170 Basque organizations in 24 countries,with a greater population of Basques outside of the Basque country than in it.The separation they experience from their homeland is both physical and psychological,so being part of a group with the same interests is an important social support system.These organizations contribute to the continuation of Basque culture,language,and community,and encourage future generations to learn about their ethnic heritage.One of the ways through which they achieve this is dance.

While learning and performing Basque dances,they connect to their heritage,experience a part of their homeland,preserve Basque culture,and create connections and friendships that last a lifetime.

Californian Valerie Arrechea began teaching alongside her father at the age of thirteen and on her own at sixteen.For her,dance is her preferred expression of heritage;it provides a way to be proud of her Basque heritage.

The dance performances of North American Basque organizations have developed the interest of non-Basque Americans as well.Janet Iribarne from the Basque Dancers explained that their organization is open to anyone,and after seeing her group perform,several of her non-Basque friends have developed their own love of Basque traditions as well.

1.What is the reason for the author’s preference for Irish dance?　　　　　　　　　　　　

A.Her dance teacher.                   B.Her love of Irish music.

C.Her interning experience.              D.Her family’s strong root in dance.

2.What is the purpose of Basque organizations?

A.To help Basques in need.

B.To preserve Basque culture.

C.To provide medical treatment for Basques.

D.To support overseas Basque children for education.

3.What’s non-Basque Americans’ attitude towards Basque dance?

A.They show no interest in it.

B.They find it difficult to learn.

C.They are enthusiastic about it.

D.They are concerned about its future.

5.

Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well.Fred Epstein,in his book If I Make It to Five,tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom,a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.

Tom loved to pretend,and he particularly loved to play superheroes.Dr. Epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.

The day before his third trip to the operating room,Tom was terribly afraid.“Maybe I could go as Superman,”he whispered to his mom.Hearing this,the mother hesitated for a while.She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装),but finally she agreed.

The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman,showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.And Tom,with the strength of his fantasy,successfully made it through the operation.

The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only.We all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible,to go through those things that seem impossible,and to achieve what we never believed we could.Just as Dr.Epstein puts it,“If you can dream it,you can do it.”

It doesn’t mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview.But,next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible,imagine what it would take to overcome it.Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.So,let your imagination run wild,and dare to dream.

1.What do we know about Tom?

A.He was seriously ill.

B.He was a dishonest boy.

C.He was crazy about magic.

D.He was Dr.Epstein’s patient.

2.What can be inferred about Tom’s mother?

A.She was a rich lady.

B.She refused Tom’s request.

C.She wanted Tom to be a superhero.

D.She wanted to get Tom through the pain.

3.When Tom went for the third operation,he　　　. 

A.pretended to be painful

B.acted like a superhero

C.appeared in poor spirits

D.argued with his mother

4.In the last paragraph,you are advised　　　. 

A.to go through some difficult tests

B.to wake up from your wild dreams

C.to become a powerful person in your mind

D.to wear expensive clothes for job interviews

5.What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To tell us an interesting story.

B.To help us make right decisions.

C.To advise us to care about children.

D.To encourage us to use our imagination.