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备战2022高考英语七选五专题 技能一：小标题角度
目录
内容
板块一
知识讲解
板块二
例题分析
板块三
真题模拟题演练
小标题七选五的四种题型
1：小标题题（黑体字；项目符号）
解题技巧：
角度一：句式一致-看其他小标题（祈使句；if/when引导的条件状语从句区分（2017新课标3的E与2017浙江卷F）
角度二：小标题相当于段落中心句
a：读完总结
b：根据句式特点确定备选项比较选项差异；看选项后重复出现哪个词（同义词）
2：总说题—引出话题
3：总结题— 总结话题——如果某个选项最具有结论性，则对应最后一题
解题技巧：
角度一：从句式内容上看；总说和总结类的选项都具有总结性；所以我们需要找寻具有概括性的句子.
角度二：总说类选项会有关键词：following；below；here are；there are...
总结类一般会有so；above或者句式一致性
角度三：总说题和总结题二者一般只出其一；不会都出题
4：小标题下的题
解题技巧：
角度一：分析选项；如某选项优先出现小标题里面的词语（同义词），则优先考虑
角度二：分析空格前后句；看是否和空格前后句存在逻辑上的联系
2017全国高考新课标三选项及句式分析
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock 36 总结题 （概括性选项） Here is how to make one.
l l37 小标题（看其他标题） In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
l Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 看小标题38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
l Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39看小标题
l Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 看小标题 If not, （前面可能得提到yes相关表达）take another look at other methods you could try.
A：Get a sleep specialist.
B：Find the right motivation. the right motivation.指代的是什么
C：A better plan for sleep can help. 前面可能提了一个计划，只是这个更好
D：And consider setting a second alarm. 前面可能得有第一个alarm.
E：If the steps you take are working, keep it up. the steps指的是什么
F：Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.段落得有睡觉和起床或相关内容
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee. 数词关键：15分钟
解题思路引导
36. 总结题： 所以我们得找概括性选项；根据后面的Here is how to make one；所以选项里面得有单数名词；one所指代的内容.
37. 小标题题：看其他标题；根据3；4；5段首句；基本可以确定选项是动词开头的祈使句
38；39；40小标题下面的题：第一步；看标题；是否有关键词提示；第二部；看空格前后句；是否有逻辑联系
参考答案：
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍早上容易醒来的关键在于重新调整生物钟,对睡眠有个好的规划将大有裨益。然后讲述了制定规划的几种方法。
36.C 此句为过渡句。承上启下,根据下文“Here is how to make one.”可知,此处表示对睡眠有个好的规划将大有裨益。one相当于上文的a better plan。
37.B 此句为主题句。首先形式上要与第二个标题“Rethink mornings.”相一致,然后根据下文内容“你是为了起床和家庭共进早餐、晨练,还是为了更好地休息,为一天做好准备?一旦明确了你的理由,告诉你的家人或室友你想要做的改变。”可知,此处应为B项。
38.G 此句为过渡句。根据下文“That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.”可知,重新考虑排队等待咖啡的15分钟时间,如果你买一个定时咖啡壶,你就可以多享受15分钟的睡眠了。
39.F 此句为概括句。根据上文可知,周六美美地补一觉是不错,但研究表明,这样会影响下周的睡眠。因此,不管白天是否休息,都要遵守你的作息时间。
40.E 此句为过渡句。根据下文“If not,take another look at other methods you could try.”可知,尝试了一种新方法一周后,查看一下记录,如果起作用就坚持,不起作用就另寻他法。
真题板块典型题
Passage A
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 1. Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●2. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 3. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 4 .
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 5. Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
1. 根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
2. 根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
3. 根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。4.根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
4. 结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
Passage B
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___1___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• ___2___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___3___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. __4___
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___5___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
参考答案：
本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
1. 根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故E项符合语境。
2. .根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
3. 根据前一句Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
4. .根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.可知，教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故C项符合语境。
5. .通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F承上启下。故选F。
Passage C
How to Remember What You Read
Reading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what you've read! 81. you may have just read the text. But the ideas, concepts and images（形象）may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.
● 82 .If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely won't be able to remember what you read. It's a bit like reading a foreign language. If you don't understand what you're reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do... Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words.
● Are you connected?Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away. 83 . How willing are you to make the connections happen?
● Read it; hear it; be it!Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters. He'd make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character. 84.
● How often do you read?If you read frequently, you'll likely have an easier time with remembering what you’re reading and what you've read. 85. As you make reading a regular part of your life, you'll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text better. You’ll learn to enjoy literature- as you remember what you read!
A. Are you confused?
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. What's your motivation?
D. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.
E. Marking helps you remember what you read.
F. But other books require a bit more work on your part.
G. You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!
参考答案：
本文为说明文，给出了几种方法来帮助读者记忆阅读过的内容，包括扫清生词障碍，将所读到的内容与已有知识建立联系，把自己置身于情节之中和经常性阅读。
1. 根据空格后的内容：你可能刚刚读过某篇文章，但却对文章所传达的思想，概念以及形象等一片茫然。接下来作者给出了几条能记住所读内容的方法。D选项：阅读中记忆有时很让人棘手，与空格后所表述含义一致，故选D。
2. .本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由confusing”令人困惑的“及don’t understand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选A。
3. 根据空格后的内容：将正在阅读的内容与已有知识之间建立联系。有些书的内容会让你立即产生这种联想，因此推断该空的内容也是与建立联系有关，F选项含义为“但是其他书则更多地需要你自己努力了”，表示转折，与上下文顺畅连接，另外other books也与空白前的some books相对应。故选F。
4. 本段给出的方法是：要求读者能全身心投入到所读内容中去，列举了狄更斯的例子旨在说明这种方法的可行性，因此读者也可以使用这种方法记住所读内容，故选G。
5. 根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出，该空格处内容与经常阅读相关，选项B(熟能生巧)符合语境
Passage D
Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____1___. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____2____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____3___. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.___4____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____5___. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。
1.根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
2.根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A项。
3.根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选G项。
4.根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
5.上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D项。
模拟题板块典型题
Passage A
You probably think of aggression in its most violent form i.e. shouting matches and fights. Actually, there are varying levels of aggression. There are times when you start to display aggression, but you are not aware of it yourself.1．
●They believe their opinion is fact
For effective communication to take place it is important to be able to distinguish between opinion and fact.2．But aggressive people take it one step further. They act as if their opinion is fact, which is telling others that their opinions are irrelevant(不相关的).
●It's all about how it affects them
When something goes wrong, or when considering potential consequences, aggressive people only consider how it influences them. The impact on others is irrelevant to them. 3．I once knew a girl who, every time she had a quarrel with her boyfriend, used to wake her entire family up so she could tell them how she had been unjustly treated.
●Rapid speech
4．They are determined to get their point across and have no desire to let the other person offer their input. They want total control of the conversation and are determined that the other person will hear what they have to say.
●Aggressive talking; defensive listening
This refers to the body language that they adopt when they are being aggressive.5．They may point, spread feet apart with hands on the waist, etc. However, when the other person is speaking they will adopt a more defensive gesture e.g. crossing their arms.
Being familiar with these signs will help you to recognize the aggression quickly, and you will then be able to manage the situation more appropriately.
A．When talking they will likely lean forward.
B．The following are some common signs of aggression.
C．Aggressive people speak fast with little or no pauses.
D．These people are not giving you the opportunity to decline.
E. Offering a suggestion or thoughts on something that has happened is fine.
F. Aggressive people rarely attempt to find workable solutions to problems in life.
G. If something has negative consequences for them, everybody else is expected to suffer the consequences too.
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些常见的有侵略性的迹象，熟悉这些迹象有助于你快速识别侵略，并能够更适当地管理情况。
1.根据上文“There are times when you start to display aggression, but you are not aware of it yourself. (有些时候你开始表现出侵略性，但你自己却没有意识到。)”结合下文提到的几种侵略性行为可知，此处内容与有侵略性表现的迹象有关，选项B“The following are some common signs of aggression. (以下是一些常见的侵略性迹象。)”符合题意。故选B。
2.根据上文“For effective communication to take place it is important to be able to distinguish between opinion and fact.”（对于有效交流的发生来说，能够区分建议和事实是重要的）和下文“But aggressive people take it one step further. They act as if their opinion is fact, which is telling others that their opinions are irrelevant(不相关的). (但有侵略性的人会更进一步。他们表现得好像他们的观点就是事实，这是在告诉别人他们的观点是无关紧要的。)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系，内容与提建议是好的有关，选项E“Offering a suggestion or thoughts on something that has happened is fine. (对已经发生的事情提出建议或想法是好的。)”符合题意。故选E。
3.根据上文“The impact on others is irrelevant to them. (对他人的影响与他们无关。)”和下文“I once knew a girl who, every time she had a quarrel with her boyfriend, used to wake her entire family up so she could tell them how she had been unjustly treated. (我曾经认识一个女孩，每次她和男朋友吵架的时候，她都会叫醒她的家人，告诉他们她受到了不公平的对待。)”可知，此处内容与有侵略性的人也会影响其他人，不考虑别人的感受有关，选项G“If something has negative consequences for them, everybody else is expected to suffer the consequences too. (如果某件事对他们产生了负面影响，其他人也会受到影响。)”符合题意。故选G。
4.设空处为本段主旨句；根据下文“They are determined to get their point across and have no desire to let the other person offer their input. (他们决心让对方明白自己的观点，不想让对方说出自己的观点。)”可知，本段内容与有侵略性的人说话的速度和方式有关，选项C“Aggressive people speak fast with little or no pauses. (有侵略性的人说话很快，很少或没有停顿。)”符合题意。故选C。
5.根据上文“This refers to the body language that they adopt when they are being aggressive.”（这指的是当他们具有侵略性时会采用的肢体语言）和下文“They may point, spread feet apart with hands on the waist, etc. (他们可以指指点点，双脚分开，双手放在腰部等。)”可知，此处内容与有侵略性的人所使用的肢体语言有关，选项A“When talking they will likely lean forward. (交谈时，他们可能会向前倾。)”符合题意。故选A。
Passage B
How To Recover From Overeating
Near everyone has over indulged（放纵）in good food at least once and has experienced the resulting abdominal discomfort. 1． They can impair your ability to focus on your work and other everyday tasks. Unfortunately putting life on hold because you're paying the price for your indulgences isn't an option. There are several ways you can relieve the symptoms and recover from overeating.
2．
While you might want to save yourself for your big lunch , it's wiser to have a light healthy breakfast so you're not tempted to eat more than you should when the big meal arrives.
Start with water
Instead of tucking into a heavy starter, down a tall glass of water. 3．
Listen to your stomach
Frequently asking yourself “Am I full?” can sometimes immediately put thing into perspective. Often times，we mindlessly eat without paying attention to what our bods is trying to tell us. 4． But they ignore the messages their bodies are sending.
Slow down
5． Slowing down and taking time to focus on the food itself however. （how it tastes, temperature, etc）can sometimes help calm the desire to overeat. This type of mindful eating has become a well-known technique for easing over consumption, suggested by physicians. celebrities and chefs alike.
So next time you find yourself feeling a little overstuffed, keep these points in mind so that it doesn't become a bigger problem.
A．Don't starve yourself.
B．Pig out your breakfast.
C．Overeating involves consuming food very quickly.
D．This will help you feel full and stop you overeating.
E. It will cause pain, gas, indigestion and other symptoms.
F. Lay off the food for a while, but go ahead and drink water.
G. Over-eaters typically keep consuming long after their stomachs are full.
参考答案：
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是几乎每个人都有过至少一次过度享受美食的经历，并经历过由此导致的腹部不适。它会引起疼痛、胀气、消化不良和其他症状。它们会削弱你专注于工作和其他日常任务的能力。本文提出了几种方法可以缓解这些症状。
1．根据上一句“Near everyone has over indulged（放纵）in good food at least once and has experienced the resulting abdominal discomfort. (几乎每个人都有过至少一次过度享受美食的经历，并经历过由此导致的腹部不适。)”和下一句“They can impair your ability to focus on your work and other everyday tasks.(它们会削弱你专注于工作和其他日常任务的能力。)”可知此处应描述腹部不适的症状，因此E项“它会引起疼痛、胀气、消化不良和其他症状。”符合文意，承上启下，故选E项。
2．本空位于小标题的位置，结合其他小标题特点可知，应是动词原形开头的祈使句式，结合本段内容“While you might want to save yourself for your big lunch , it's wiser to have a light healthy breakfast so you're not tempted to eat more than you should when the big meal arrives.(虽然你可能想把自己留到丰盛的午餐，但明智的做法是吃一顿清淡健康的早餐，这样当丰盛的一餐到来时，你就不会吃得太多。)”可知本段的主旨是：不用刻意让自己很饿去等待一些大餐。这样才能让自己不会吃得过多，因此A项“Don't starve yourself.(别让自己挨饿)”符合本段主旨，适合作为本段的小标题，故选A项。
3．根据本段小标题“Start with water.(以水开始)”以及前一句“Instead of tucking into a heavy starter, down a tall glass of water.(与其大吃一顿开胃菜，不如喝一大杯水。)”可知本段建议在饭前喝水会对你少吃有帮助，D项“这会让你有饱腹感，避免暴饮暴食。”符合文意，故选D项。
4．根据上一句“Often times，we mindlessly eat without paying attention to what our bods is trying to tell us.(很多时候，我们无意识地吃东西，没有注意到我们的身体想告诉我们什么。)”和下一句“But they ignore the messages their bodies are sending.(但是他们忽略了身体发出的信息。)”可知有时候暴饮暴食是因为我们没有意识到身体发出的信息，所以G项“暴饮暴食者通常在他们的胃吃饱后很长一段时间还在吃。”符合文意，承上启下，故选G项。
5．根据本段小标题“Slow down(慢下来)”及下文“Slowing down and taking time to focus on the food itself however. （how it tastes，temperature, etc）can sometimes help calm the desire to overeat. This type of mindful eating has become a well-known technique for easing over consumption, suggested by physicians. celebrities and chefs alike.(慢下来，花时间关注食物本身。(它的味道，温度等)有时可以帮助平息暴饮暴食的欲望。医生建议，这种正念饮食法已经成为一种众所周知的缓解过度饮食的方法。名人和厨师都一样。)”可知本段介绍的方法是饮食时要慢下来，不要太快进食，因此C项“暴饮暴食是指吃东西很快。”适合放在本段句首引出本段内容，故选C项。
Passage C
Do you have pressure? Exam pressure, deadlines, job interviews and presentations can all make you feel nervous. Well, neuroscience（神经系统科学）can give you some help. 1．
First, a breathing exercise.
Take a deep belly-breath through your nose for five seconds, hold it for a second, and then push all the air out through your nose, slowly, counting to five. Repeat a few times and you'll feel calmer. Under stress we tend to breathe very quickly as our body prepares for danger, which is useful if you need to run away, but not if you're about to speak in public. Breathe deeply and slowly.2． So the next time you feel panic rising, use deep breathing through your nose to force your body into a state of calm.
3．
A single note, your favourite tune, literally anything will do. Why? Studies have shown that humming（哼唱）can stimulate one of the most important parts of the body — the vagus nerve（迷走神经）. So the next time you feel your heart racing, sing a song or just hum a note and let your own vagus nerve restore calm.
The final tip is to focus.
When you're busy, it’s highly attractive to multi-tasks. But if you want to stay calm and actually get stuff done, don't have a try. 4． When you do two things at once, it has to switch between them very rapidly and gets overstimulated, and floods your body with stress hormones. 5．
So next time you feel panic rising, stop and remember to breathe, hum and focus.
A．Then get ready for humming.
B．Now listen to your favorite songs.
C．Scans show your brain can only do one thing at a time.
D．Here are three easy and reliable techniques you can use.
E.Remind yourself that there's no "right” answer to these questions.
F.By doing one thing at a time, you can quickly go from feeling stressed to clam.
G.You can change the message your brain's receiving from “danger" to "all is well".
参考答案：
本文是说明文。文章关于如何缓解紧张和压力的情绪提出了几条建议。
1．上一句提到“neuroscience can give you some help.（神经系统科学可以给你一些帮助。）”D项“Here are three easy and reliable techniques you can use.（下面是三个你可以使用的简单可靠的技巧。）”与上一句“give you some help”相呼应；下文的三段提到了三个技巧，D项是承上启下。故选D项。
2．空前一句提到“Breathe deeply and slowly.（深沉、缓慢地呼吸）”；空后一句提到“So the next time you feel panic rising, use deep breathing through your nose to force your body into a state of calm.（所以下次你感到惊慌的时候，用鼻子深呼吸，迫使你的身体进入平静的状态。）”，G项“You can change the message your brain's receiving from “danger" to "all is well".（你可以把你大脑接收到的信息从“危险”改为“一切都好”。）”是说明当你紧张时要缓慢深呼吸的原因，空后一句是说明结果。其中so表示因果关系。故选G项。
3．设空处位于段首，根据文章结构可知，该处为本段的标题，也是主题句；文章第二段的小标题中提到“First”，第四段小标题中提到“The final tip”，A项中“Then”与第二段、第四段小标题中的“First”“final”表示顺序关系；该段下文中提到“humming can stimulate one of the most important parts of the body（哼唱可以刺激身体的最重要的一个部分）”“sing a song or just hum a note（唱首歌或仅仅哼唱曲子）”说明哼唱在缓解压力时的作用。因此A项“Then get ready for humming.（然后准备好哼唱）”可以作为该段的小标题。故选A项。
4．该段小标题“The final tip is to focus”，该段提出的建议是要集中注意力； C项中“… your brain can only do one thing at a time.( 你的大脑一次只能做一件事)”与该段小标题中的“focus”相符。故选C项。
5．空前一句提到“When you do two things at once, it has to switch between them very rapidly and gets overstimulated, and floods your body with stress hormones.（当你同时做两件事的时候，你的身体就会迅速地在两件事之间切换，从而受到过度刺激，让你的身体充满压力荷尔蒙）”，说明大脑同时做两件事会让你压力增加；F项“By doing one thing at a time, you can quickly go from feeling stressed to clam.（一次只做一件事，你很快就能从紧张状态恢复平静）”是进一步强调一次做一件事情的好处，紧扣该段主题“focus（集中注意力）”。故选F项。
Passage D
Leadership lessons from Singapore
The COVID-19 outbreak is causing alarm around the world, but here in Singapore, the small island country has managed to mostly contain the spread quite rapidly. 1．
Learning from the past -- ready for the future. “Here is your key card, office key and personal thermometer,” said the university administrator when I started teaching many years ago. I was puzzled with the thermometer as a standard-issue device for every employee. 2． Since I was not here during the 2003 SARS outbreak, I never appreciated the importance of having a thermometer in my desk drawer, but now I use it twice daily.
3． “Every instructor must complete the training for delivering their courses online in case of emergency,” the university told us over seven years ago. It seemed a bit unnecessary at the time. But all of us completed the training -- and were retested each semester. Who would have thought that in 2020 we would need to shift more than 1,000 courses online with less than 12 hours' notice! That could not have been accomplished without the previous efforts.
Clarifying expectations -- universal diligence. “Stop right there! Give me 10 feet and then you can come by,” says my colleague as I meet her in the common hallway. 4． Large gatherings are canceled and restaurants are empty as we all spend more time at home to avoid interactions with others. To enter a mall, restaurant or any building on our campus, you must pass a temperature screening and often record your presence.
5． In spite of the global crisis, classes and university operations have continued without disruption.
A．The virus is hard to contain.
B．Planning alternatives -- the ability to move quickly.
C．As a witness, I must share a few leadership lessons.
D．The nation’s readiness for emergencies helps to fight the virus.
E. How often do we really take lessons from the past to protect our future?
F. In fact, I once joked that they should also give us a snorkel(水肺) in case of tsunamis.
G. We are still friends, but it is our responsibility to avoid unnecessary human contact.
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。在新冠肺炎在全球范围爆发的形式下，新加坡控制了疫情的蔓延。文章介绍了新加坡在抗击新冠肺炎中的一些经验。
1．上一句提到“新冠肺炎的爆发引起了全世界的恐慌，但在新加坡，这个小岛国设法控制住了疫情蔓延。”承接上文，C选项“作为一个目击者，我必须分享一些领导经验。”切题。且下文中列举了一些举措。故选C项。
2．上一句提到“将体温计作为每个雇员的标准发行设备，我很不理解。”承接上文，F选项“实际上，我还开玩笑说他们也应该给发一个水肺以防海啸。”切题，且选项是不理解的一种表现。故选F项。
3．下一句提到“每一位教员都必须完成网上授课培训，以防紧急情况，这是七年前大学这么跟我说的。”承接上文，B选项“制定替代方案——快速行动的能力。”切题。且B选项与上文的learning from the past--ready for the future和下文的clarifying expectations--universal diligence这两个小标题平行。故选B项。
4．上一句提到“停下！离我10英尺，然后你就可以过来了，我在走廊遇到同事时，她这么说。”承接上文，G选项“我们仍然是朋友，但是我们有责任避免不必要的身体接触。”切题，且选项是对前文保持距离的进一步说明。故选G项。
5．下一句提到“尽管全球危机，课堂和大学的运作仍在继续。”承接上文，D选项“国家对紧急情况的准备有助于抗击病毒。”切题，因为提前应对紧急情况保证了教学。故选D项。
Passage E
The Pomodoro Technique was developed by Francesco Cirillo in the 1980s. The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called "pomodori."1．When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes. It's simple and easy to use. Follow the steps below to start using it.
●Check your schedule. Your first step is to check your schedule. 2．Estimate how long each task should take you, in terms of the number of pomodori you will need to complete it.
●Set your timer. Before you start, make sure that you have everything you need. Set your timer for the work period you've settled on.
●Take a short break. When your timer goes off, take a five-minute break.You should do this even if you're busy, because these breaks are your time to rest and "recharge your batteries."3．The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low.
●4．When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20- to 30-minute break. Use it to go for a walk, have lunch, read a book... anything, so long as it takes you away from your desk for a while and clears your mind.
Remember, it is important to listen to your body. If your mind starts to wander or you start to feel tired, don't push through to the end of the session.5．It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better.
A．You might want to experiment with this.
B．You can use whatever sort of timer you like.
C．After each session, you take a five-minute break.
D．Irregular short breaks help to keep you focused and energetic.
E. Continue your work sessions and take a longer break.
F. Cirillo argues that energy levels are far more important than time.
G.Look at your to-do list and think about what you need to do today.
参考答案：
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由弗朗西斯科·西里洛在20世纪80年代发明的pomodori工作法，以及在工作中使用它的一些步骤。
1．根据上一句The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called “pomodori.” 这种方法使用计时器将你的工作分成25分钟的时间段，称为“pomodori”；以及下一句When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes. 当你完成了4个pomodori，就需要20到30分钟的休息时间。可知此处内容与休息的时间有关，选项C“每个时间段结束后，休息五分钟。”符合题意。故选C。
2．根据上一句Your first step is to check your schedule. 你的第一步是查看你的时间表。可知此处内容与查看时间表和任务有关，选项G“看看你的任务清单，想想你今天需要做什么。”符合题意。故选G。
3．根据下一句The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low. Pomodoro工作法的工作原理是保持你的能量，这样当你的注意力不集中的时候，你就不需要去做其他的事情了。可知此处内容与西里洛认为保持能量比较重要有关，选项F“西里洛认为，能量水平远比时间重要。”符合题意。故选F。
4．此处是本段小标题。根据下文 When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20- to 30-minute break. 当你的休息结束后，为下一阶段重置你的定时器并继续你的工作。当你完成了4个pomodori，休息20-30分钟。可知此处内容与休息时间后继续工作有关，选项E“继续工作，休息更长时间。”符合题意。故选E。
5．根据下一句It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better. 也许3个时间段后休息20分钟最适合你，或者5个时间段后休息30分钟更好。可知此处内容与尝试新的时间段和休息时间有关，选项A“你可能想要尝试一下。”符合题意。故选A。
备战2022高考英语七选五专题 技能一：小标题角度
目录
内容
板块一
知识讲解
板块二
例题分析
板块三
真题模拟题演练
小标题七选五的四种题型
1：小标题题（黑体字；项目符号）
解题技巧：
角度一：句式一致-看其他小标题（祈使句；if/when引导的条件状语从句区分（2017新课标3的E与2017浙江卷F）
角度二：小标题相当于段落中心句
a：读完总结
b：根据句式特点确定备选项比较选项差异；看选项后重复出现哪个词（同义词）
2：总说题—引出话题
3：总结题— 总结话题——如果某个选项最具有结论性，则对应最后一题
解题技巧：
角度一：从句式内容上看；总说和总结类的选项都具有总结性；所以我们需要找寻具有概括性的句子.
角度二：总说类选项会有关键词：following；below；here are；there are...
总结类一般会有so；above或者句式一致性
角度三：总说题和总结题二者一般只出其一；不会都出题
4：小标题下的题
解题技巧：
角度一：分析选项；如某选项优先出现小标题里面的词语（同义词），则优先考虑
角度二：分析空格前后句；看是否和空格前后句存在逻辑上的联系
2017全国高考新课标三选项及句式分析
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock 36 总结题 （概括性选项） Here is how to make one.
l l37 小标题（看其他标题） In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
l Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 看小标题38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
l Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39看小标题
l Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 看小标题 If not, （前面可能得提到yes相关表达）take another look at other methods you could try.
A：Get a sleep specialist.
B：Find the right motivation. the right motivation.指代的是什么
C：A better plan for sleep can help. 前面可能提了一个计划，只是这个更好
D：And consider setting a second alarm. 前面可能得有第一个alarm.
E：If the steps you take are working, keep it up. the steps指的是什么
F：Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.段落得有睡觉和起床或相关内容
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee. 数词关键：15分钟
解题思路引导
36. 总结题： 所以我们得找概括性选项；根据后面的Here is how to make one；所以选项里面得有单数名词；one所指代的内容.
37. 小标题题：看其他标题；根据3；4；5段首句；基本可以确定选项是动词开头的祈使句
38；39；40小标题下面的题：第一步；看标题；是否有关键词提示；第二部；看空格前后句；是否有逻辑联系
参考答案：
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍早上容易醒来的关键在于重新调整生物钟,对睡眠有个好的规划将大有裨益。然后讲述了制定规划的几种方法。
36.C 此句为过渡句。承上启下,根据下文“Here is how to make one.”可知,此处表示对睡眠有个好的规划将大有裨益。one相当于上文的a better plan。
37.B 此句为主题句。首先形式上要与第二个标题“Rethink mornings.”相一致,然后根据下文内容“你是为了起床和家庭共进早餐、晨练,还是为了更好地休息,为一天做好准备?一旦明确了你的理由,告诉你的家人或室友你想要做的改变。”可知,此处应为B项。
38.G 此句为过渡句。根据下文“That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.”可知,重新考虑排队等待咖啡的15分钟时间,如果你买一个定时咖啡壶,你就可以多享受15分钟的睡眠了。
39.F 此句为概括句。根据上文可知,周六美美地补一觉是不错,但研究表明,这样会影响下周的睡眠。因此,不管白天是否休息,都要遵守你的作息时间。
40.E 此句为过渡句。根据下文“If not,take another look at other methods you could try.”可知,尝试了一种新方法一周后,查看一下记录,如果起作用就坚持,不起作用就另寻他法。
真题板块典型题
Passage A
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 1. Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●2. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 3. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 4 .
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 5. Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
1. 根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
2. 根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
3. 根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。4.根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
4. 结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
Passage B
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___1___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• ___2___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___3___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. __4___
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___5___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
参考答案：
本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
1. 根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故E项符合语境。
2. .根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
3. 根据前一句Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
4. .根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.可知，教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故C项符合语境。
5. .通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F承上启下。故选F。
Passage C
How to Remember What You Read
Reading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what you've read! 81. you may have just read the text. But the ideas, concepts and images（形象）may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.
● 82 .If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely won't be able to remember what you read. It's a bit like reading a foreign language. If you don't understand what you're reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do... Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words.
● Are you connected?Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away. 83 . How willing are you to make the connections happen?
● Read it; hear it; be it!Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters. He'd make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character. 84.
● How often do you read?If you read frequently, you'll likely have an easier time with remembering what you’re reading and what you've read. 85. As you make reading a regular part of your life, you'll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text better. You’ll learn to enjoy literature- as you remember what you read!
A. Are you confused?
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. What's your motivation?
D. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.
E. Marking helps you remember what you read.
F. But other books require a bit more work on your part.
G. You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!
参考答案：
本文为说明文，给出了几种方法来帮助读者记忆阅读过的内容，包括扫清生词障碍，将所读到的内容与已有知识建立联系，把自己置身于情节之中和经常性阅读。
1. 根据空格后的内容：你可能刚刚读过某篇文章，但却对文章所传达的思想，概念以及形象等一片茫然。接下来作者给出了几条能记住所读内容的方法。D选项：阅读中记忆有时很让人棘手，与空格后所表述含义一致，故选D。
2. .本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由confusing”令人困惑的“及don’t understand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选A。
3. 根据空格后的内容：将正在阅读的内容与已有知识之间建立联系。有些书的内容会让你立即产生这种联想，因此推断该空的内容也是与建立联系有关，F选项含义为“但是其他书则更多地需要你自己努力了”，表示转折，与上下文顺畅连接，另外other books也与空白前的some books相对应。故选F。
4. 本段给出的方法是：要求读者能全身心投入到所读内容中去，列举了狄更斯的例子旨在说明这种方法的可行性，因此读者也可以使用这种方法记住所读内容，故选G。
5. 根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出，该空格处内容与经常阅读相关，选项B(熟能生巧)符合语境
Passage D
Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____1___. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____2____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____3___. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.___4____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____5___. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。
1.根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
2.根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A项。
3.根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选G项。
4.根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
5.上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D项。
模拟题板块典型题
Passage A
You probably think of aggression in its most violent form i.e. shouting matches and fights. Actually, there are varying levels of aggression. There are times when you start to display aggression, but you are not aware of it yourself.1．
●They believe their opinion is fact
For effective communication to take place it is important to be able to distinguish between opinion and fact.2．But aggressive people take it one step further. They act as if their opinion is fact, which is telling others that their opinions are irrelevant(不相关的).
●It's all about how it affects them
When something goes wrong, or when considering potential consequences, aggressive people only consider how it influences them. The impact on others is irrelevant to them. 3．I once knew a girl who, every time she had a quarrel with her boyfriend, used to wake her entire family up so she could tell them how she had been unjustly treated.
●Rapid speech
4．They are determined to get their point across and have no desire to let the other person offer their input. They want total control of the conversation and are determined that the other person will hear what they have to say.
●Aggressive talking; defensive listening
This refers to the body language that they adopt when they are being aggressive.5．They may point, spread feet apart with hands on the waist, etc. However, when the other person is speaking they will adopt a more defensive gesture e.g. crossing their arms.
Being familiar with these signs will help you to recognize the aggression quickly, and you will then be able to manage the situation more appropriately.
A．When talking they will likely lean forward.
B．The following are some common signs of aggression.
C．Aggressive people speak fast with little or no pauses.
D．These people are not giving you the opportunity to decline.
E. Offering a suggestion or thoughts on something that has happened is fine.
F. Aggressive people rarely attempt to find workable solutions to problems in life.
G. If something has negative consequences for them, everybody else is expected to suffer the consequences too.
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些常见的有侵略性的迹象，熟悉这些迹象有助于你快速识别侵略，并能够更适当地管理情况。
1.根据上文“There are times when you start to display aggression, but you are not aware of it yourself. (有些时候你开始表现出侵略性，但你自己却没有意识到。)”结合下文提到的几种侵略性行为可知，此处内容与有侵略性表现的迹象有关，选项B“The following are some common signs of aggression. (以下是一些常见的侵略性迹象。)”符合题意。故选B。
2.根据上文“For effective communication to take place it is important to be able to distinguish between opinion and fact.”（对于有效交流的发生来说，能够区分建议和事实是重要的）和下文“But aggressive people take it one step further. They act as if their opinion is fact, which is telling others that their opinions are irrelevant(不相关的). (但有侵略性的人会更进一步。他们表现得好像他们的观点就是事实，这是在告诉别人他们的观点是无关紧要的。)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系，内容与提建议是好的有关，选项E“Offering a suggestion or thoughts on something that has happened is fine. (对已经发生的事情提出建议或想法是好的。)”符合题意。故选E。
3.根据上文“The impact on others is irrelevant to them. (对他人的影响与他们无关。)”和下文“I once knew a girl who, every time she had a quarrel with her boyfriend, used to wake her entire family up so she could tell them how she had been unjustly treated. (我曾经认识一个女孩，每次她和男朋友吵架的时候，她都会叫醒她的家人，告诉他们她受到了不公平的对待。)”可知，此处内容与有侵略性的人也会影响其他人，不考虑别人的感受有关，选项G“If something has negative consequences for them, everybody else is expected to suffer the consequences too. (如果某件事对他们产生了负面影响，其他人也会受到影响。)”符合题意。故选G。
4.设空处为本段主旨句；根据下文“They are determined to get their point across and have no desire to let the other person offer their input. (他们决心让对方明白自己的观点，不想让对方说出自己的观点。)”可知，本段内容与有侵略性的人说话的速度和方式有关，选项C“Aggressive people speak fast with little or no pauses. (有侵略性的人说话很快，很少或没有停顿。)”符合题意。故选C。
5.根据上文“This refers to the body language that they adopt when they are being aggressive.”（这指的是当他们具有侵略性时会采用的肢体语言）和下文“They may point, spread feet apart with hands on the waist, etc. (他们可以指指点点，双脚分开，双手放在腰部等。)”可知，此处内容与有侵略性的人所使用的肢体语言有关，选项A“When talking they will likely lean forward. (交谈时，他们可能会向前倾。)”符合题意。故选A。
Passage B
How To Recover From Overeating
Near everyone has over indulged（放纵）in good food at least once and has experienced the resulting abdominal discomfort. 1． They can impair your ability to focus on your work and other everyday tasks. Unfortunately putting life on hold because you're paying the price for your indulgences isn't an option. There are several ways you can relieve the symptoms and recover from overeating.
2．
While you might want to save yourself for your big lunch , it's wiser to have a light healthy breakfast so you're not tempted to eat more than you should when the big meal arrives.
Start with water
Instead of tucking into a heavy starter, down a tall glass of water. 3．
Listen to your stomach
Frequently asking yourself “Am I full?” can sometimes immediately put thing into perspective. Often times，we mindlessly eat without paying attention to what our bods is trying to tell us. 4． But they ignore the messages their bodies are sending.
Slow down
5． Slowing down and taking time to focus on the food itself however. （how it tastes, temperature, etc）can sometimes help calm the desire to overeat. This type of mindful eating has become a well-known technique for easing over consumption, suggested by physicians. celebrities and chefs alike.
So next time you find yourself feeling a little overstuffed, keep these points in mind so that it doesn't become a bigger problem.
A．Don't starve yourself.
B．Pig out your breakfast.
C．Overeating involves consuming food very quickly.
D．This will help you feel full and stop you overeating.
E. It will cause pain, gas, indigestion and other symptoms.
F. Lay off the food for a while, but go ahead and drink water.
G. Over-eaters typically keep consuming long after their stomachs are full.
参考答案：
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是几乎每个人都有过至少一次过度享受美食的经历，并经历过由此导致的腹部不适。它会引起疼痛、胀气、消化不良和其他症状。它们会削弱你专注于工作和其他日常任务的能力。本文提出了几种方法可以缓解这些症状。
1．根据上一句“Near everyone has over indulged（放纵）in good food at least once and has experienced the resulting abdominal discomfort. (几乎每个人都有过至少一次过度享受美食的经历，并经历过由此导致的腹部不适。)”和下一句“They can impair your ability to focus on your work and other everyday tasks.(它们会削弱你专注于工作和其他日常任务的能力。)”可知此处应描述腹部不适的症状，因此E项“它会引起疼痛、胀气、消化不良和其他症状。”符合文意，承上启下，故选E项。
2．本空位于小标题的位置，结合其他小标题特点可知，应是动词原形开头的祈使句式，结合本段内容“While you might want to save yourself for your big lunch , it's wiser to have a light healthy breakfast so you're not tempted to eat more than you should when the big meal arrives.(虽然你可能想把自己留到丰盛的午餐，但明智的做法是吃一顿清淡健康的早餐，这样当丰盛的一餐到来时，你就不会吃得太多。)”可知本段的主旨是：不用刻意让自己很饿去等待一些大餐。这样才能让自己不会吃得过多，因此A项“Don't starve yourself.(别让自己挨饿)”符合本段主旨，适合作为本段的小标题，故选A项。
3．根据本段小标题“Start with water.(以水开始)”以及前一句“Instead of tucking into a heavy starter, down a tall glass of water.(与其大吃一顿开胃菜，不如喝一大杯水。)”可知本段建议在饭前喝水会对你少吃有帮助，D项“这会让你有饱腹感，避免暴饮暴食。”符合文意，故选D项。
4．根据上一句“Often times，we mindlessly eat without paying attention to what our bods is trying to tell us.(很多时候，我们无意识地吃东西，没有注意到我们的身体想告诉我们什么。)”和下一句“But they ignore the messages their bodies are sending.(但是他们忽略了身体发出的信息。)”可知有时候暴饮暴食是因为我们没有意识到身体发出的信息，所以G项“暴饮暴食者通常在他们的胃吃饱后很长一段时间还在吃。”符合文意，承上启下，故选G项。
5．根据本段小标题“Slow down(慢下来)”及下文“Slowing down and taking time to focus on the food itself however. （how it tastes，temperature, etc）can sometimes help calm the desire to overeat. This type of mindful eating has become a well-known technique for easing over consumption, suggested by physicians. celebrities and chefs alike.(慢下来，花时间关注食物本身。(它的味道，温度等)有时可以帮助平息暴饮暴食的欲望。医生建议，这种正念饮食法已经成为一种众所周知的缓解过度饮食的方法。名人和厨师都一样。)”可知本段介绍的方法是饮食时要慢下来，不要太快进食，因此C项“暴饮暴食是指吃东西很快。”适合放在本段句首引出本段内容，故选C项。
Passage C
Do you have pressure? Exam pressure, deadlines, job interviews and presentations can all make you feel nervous. Well, neuroscience（神经系统科学）can give you some help. 1．
First, a breathing exercise.
Take a deep belly-breath through your nose for five seconds, hold it for a second, and then push all the air out through your nose, slowly, counting to five. Repeat a few times and you'll feel calmer. Under stress we tend to breathe very quickly as our body prepares for danger, which is useful if you need to run away, but not if you're about to speak in public. Breathe deeply and slowly.2． So the next time you feel panic rising, use deep breathing through your nose to force your body into a state of calm.
3．
A single note, your favourite tune, literally anything will do. Why? Studies have shown that humming（哼唱）can stimulate one of the most important parts of the body — the vagus nerve（迷走神经）. So the next time you feel your heart racing, sing a song or just hum a note and let your own vagus nerve restore calm.
The final tip is to focus.
When you're busy, it’s highly attractive to multi-tasks. But if you want to stay calm and actually get stuff done, don't have a try. 4． When you do two things at once, it has to switch between them very rapidly and gets overstimulated, and floods your body with stress hormones. 5．
So next time you feel panic rising, stop and remember to breathe, hum and focus.
A．Then get ready for humming.
B．Now listen to your favorite songs.
C．Scans show your brain can only do one thing at a time.
D．Here are three easy and reliable techniques you can use.
E.Remind yourself that there's no "right” answer to these questions.
F.By doing one thing at a time, you can quickly go from feeling stressed to clam.
G.You can change the message your brain's receiving from “danger" to "all is well".
参考答案：
本文是说明文。文章关于如何缓解紧张和压力的情绪提出了几条建议。
1．上一句提到“neuroscience can give you some help.（神经系统科学可以给你一些帮助。）”D项“Here are three easy and reliable techniques you can use.（下面是三个你可以使用的简单可靠的技巧。）”与上一句“give you some help”相呼应；下文的三段提到了三个技巧，D项是承上启下。故选D项。
2．空前一句提到“Breathe deeply and slowly.（深沉、缓慢地呼吸）”；空后一句提到“So the next time you feel panic rising, use deep breathing through your nose to force your body into a state of calm.（所以下次你感到惊慌的时候，用鼻子深呼吸，迫使你的身体进入平静的状态。）”，G项“You can change the message your brain's receiving from “danger" to "all is well".（你可以把你大脑接收到的信息从“危险”改为“一切都好”。）”是说明当你紧张时要缓慢深呼吸的原因，空后一句是说明结果。其中so表示因果关系。故选G项。
3．设空处位于段首，根据文章结构可知，该处为本段的标题，也是主题句；文章第二段的小标题中提到“First”，第四段小标题中提到“The final tip”，A项中“Then”与第二段、第四段小标题中的“First”“final”表示顺序关系；该段下文中提到“humming can stimulate one of the most important parts of the body（哼唱可以刺激身体的最重要的一个部分）”“sing a song or just hum a note（唱首歌或仅仅哼唱曲子）”说明哼唱在缓解压力时的作用。因此A项“Then get ready for humming.（然后准备好哼唱）”可以作为该段的小标题。故选A项。
4．该段小标题“The final tip is to focus”，该段提出的建议是要集中注意力； C项中“… your brain can only do one thing at a time.( 你的大脑一次只能做一件事)”与该段小标题中的“focus”相符。故选C项。
5．空前一句提到“When you do two things at once, it has to switch between them very rapidly and gets overstimulated, and floods your body with stress hormones.（当你同时做两件事的时候，你的身体就会迅速地在两件事之间切换，从而受到过度刺激，让你的身体充满压力荷尔蒙）”，说明大脑同时做两件事会让你压力增加；F项“By doing one thing at a time, you can quickly go from feeling stressed to clam.（一次只做一件事，你很快就能从紧张状态恢复平静）”是进一步强调一次做一件事情的好处，紧扣该段主题“focus（集中注意力）”。故选F项。
Passage D
Leadership lessons from Singapore
The COVID-19 outbreak is causing alarm around the world, but here in Singapore, the small island country has managed to mostly contain the spread quite rapidly. 1．
Learning from the past -- ready for the future. “Here is your key card, office key and personal thermometer,” said the university administrator when I started teaching many years ago. I was puzzled with the thermometer as a standard-issue device for every employee. 2． Since I was not here during the 2003 SARS outbreak, I never appreciated the importance of having a thermometer in my desk drawer, but now I use it twice daily.
3． “Every instructor must complete the training for delivering their courses online in case of emergency,” the university told us over seven years ago. It seemed a bit unnecessary at the time. But all of us completed the training -- and were retested each semester. Who would have thought that in 2020 we would need to shift more than 1,000 courses online with less than 12 hours' notice! That could not have been accomplished without the previous efforts.
Clarifying expectations -- universal diligence. “Stop right there! Give me 10 feet and then you can come by,” says my colleague as I meet her in the common hallway. 4． Large gatherings are canceled and restaurants are empty as we all spend more time at home to avoid interactions with others. To enter a mall, restaurant or any building on our campus, you must pass a temperature screening and often record your presence.
5． In spite of the global crisis, classes and university operations have continued without disruption.
A．The virus is hard to contain.
B．Planning alternatives -- the ability to move quickly.
C．As a witness, I must share a few leadership lessons.
D．The nation’s readiness for emergencies helps to fight the virus.
E. How often do we really take lessons from the past to protect our future?
F. In fact, I once joked that they should also give us a snorkel(水肺) in case of tsunamis.
G. We are still friends, but it is our responsibility to avoid unnecessary human contact.
参考答案：
这是一篇说明文。在新冠肺炎在全球范围爆发的形式下，新加坡控制了疫情的蔓延。文章介绍了新加坡在抗击新冠肺炎中的一些经验。
1．上一句提到“新冠肺炎的爆发引起了全世界的恐慌，但在新加坡，这个小岛国设法控制住了疫情蔓延。”承接上文，C选项“作为一个目击者，我必须分享一些领导经验。”切题。且下文中列举了一些举措。故选C项。
2．上一句提到“将体温计作为每个雇员的标准发行设备，我很不理解。”承接上文，F选项“实际上，我还开玩笑说他们也应该给发一个水肺以防海啸。”切题，且选项是不理解的一种表现。故选F项。
3．下一句提到“每一位教员都必须完成网上授课培训，以防紧急情况，这是七年前大学这么跟我说的。”承接上文，B选项“制定替代方案——快速行动的能力。”切题。且B选项与上文的learning from the past--ready for the future和下文的clarifying expectations--universal diligence这两个小标题平行。故选B项。
4．上一句提到“停下！离我10英尺，然后你就可以过来了，我在走廊遇到同事时，她这么说。”承接上文，G选项“我们仍然是朋友，但是我们有责任避免不必要的身体接触。”切题，且选项是对前文保持距离的进一步说明。故选G项。
5．下一句提到“尽管全球危机，课堂和大学的运作仍在继续。”承接上文，D选项“国家对紧急情况的准备有助于抗击病毒。”切题，因为提前应对紧急情况保证了教学。故选D项。
Passage E
The Pomodoro Technique was developed by Francesco Cirillo in the 1980s. The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called "pomodori."1．When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes. It's simple and easy to use. Follow the steps below to start using it.
●Check your schedule. Your first step is to check your schedule. 2．Estimate how long each task should take you, in terms of the number of pomodori you will need to complete it.
●Set your timer. Before you start, make sure that you have everything you need. Set your timer for the work period you've settled on.
●Take a short break. When your timer goes off, take a five-minute break.You should do this even if you're busy, because these breaks are your time to rest and "recharge your batteries."3．The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low.
●4．When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20- to 30-minute break. Use it to go for a walk, have lunch, read a book... anything, so long as it takes you away from your desk for a while and clears your mind.
Remember, it is important to listen to your body. If your mind starts to wander or you start to feel tired, don't push through to the end of the session.5．It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better.
A．You might want to experiment with this.
B．You can use whatever sort of timer you like.
C．After each session, you take a five-minute break.
D．Irregular short breaks help to keep you focused and energetic.
E. Continue your work sessions and take a longer break.
F. Cirillo argues that energy levels are far more important than time.
G.Look at your to-do list and think about what you need to do today.
参考答案：
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由弗朗西斯科·西里洛在20世纪80年代发明的pomodori工作法，以及在工作中使用它的一些步骤。
1．根据上一句The technique uses a timer to divide your work into 25-minute sessions called “pomodori.” 这种方法使用计时器将你的工作分成25分钟的时间段，称为“pomodori”；以及下一句When you have completed four pomodori, it's time for a longer break of 20 to 30 minutes. 当你完成了4个pomodori，就需要20到30分钟的休息时间。可知此处内容与休息的时间有关，选项C“每个时间段结束后，休息五分钟。”符合题意。故选C。
2．根据上一句Your first step is to check your schedule. 你的第一步是查看你的时间表。可知此处内容与查看时间表和任务有关，选项G“看看你的任务清单，想想你今天需要做什么。”符合题意。故选G。
3．根据下一句The Pomodoro approach works by maintaining your energy, so that you don't need to work on tasks when your concentration levels are low. Pomodoro工作法的工作原理是保持你的能量，这样当你的注意力不集中的时候，你就不需要去做其他的事情了。可知此处内容与西里洛认为保持能量比较重要有关，选项F“西里洛认为，能量水平远比时间重要。”符合题意。故选F。
4．此处是本段小标题。根据下文 When your break is over, reset your timer for the next session and continue your work. When you've completed four pomodori, take a 20- to 30-minute break. 当你的休息结束后，为下一阶段重置你的定时器并继续你的工作。当你完成了4个pomodori，休息20-30分钟。可知此处内容与休息时间后继续工作有关，选项E“继续工作，休息更长时间。”符合题意。故选E。
5．根据下一句It may be that three pomodori followed by a 20-minute break suits you best, or that five sessions followed by a 30-minute break is better. 也许3个时间段后休息20分钟最适合你，或者5个时间段后休息30分钟更好。可知此处内容与尝试新的时间段和休息时间有关，选项A“你可能想要尝试一下。”符合题意。故选A。
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