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- 专题02 高频语法之形容词、副词与语法填空-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用） 试卷 0 次下载
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专题06 高频语法之状语从句、并列句、特殊句型与语法填空-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用）
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这是一份专题06 高频语法之状语从句、并列句、特殊句型与语法填空-2022年高考英语毕业班二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考专用），文件包含专题06高频语法之状语从句并列句特殊句型与语法填空解析版docx、专题06高频语法之状语从句并列句特殊句型与语法填空原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
一、状语从句和并列句
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure 7 ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching legs.
2.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）
My bike was ld and shaky 7 did the jb.
3.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）
It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept 4 the late 1980s.
4.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index（体重指数）acrss 200 cuntries the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 1 that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMT in rural areas.
5.（2020.7 新高考海南卷 语法填空 ）
Each vlume in the set explres a wide range f material, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have n everyday life.
6.（2020.1 浙江卷 语法填空 ）
It's als that they are n average healthier 10 mre prductive fr lnger. Therefre, they can wrk fr lnger, cnsume mre and in general be a bst t the ecnmy.
7.（2020.7 全国三卷语法填空）
5 he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and pinted dwn the river.
8.（2020.7 上海卷语法填空）
One f the earliest-knwn inventins is the bw and arrw, which is still used thrughut the wrld tday, 15, 000 years 1 it was first invented.
9.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made_(make) ver the years. I wrk nt because I have t, ___67___ because I want t.”
10.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On ur way t the huse，it was raining ___61___ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get (get)there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
3. 考试技巧
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
1. 完整的句子中, 如果两个单词或短语并列, 要填并列连词;
2. 若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号, 也没有连词, 空格处必定填连词;
3. 牢记特殊句式中连词的运用;
4. 全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词, 熟悉它们的用法;
5. 准确判断主从句的逻辑关系, 同时要注意区分易混词。
4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
and和but的用法区别；
while表对比的用法。
时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、让步、条件、方式和比较状语从句等；
常用的引导状语从句的连词。
考点1 基本用法
1. 并列句的用法及常见连词
2. 状语从句的类型及常见连接词
考点2 时间状语从句
考点3 结果状语从句
考点4 让步状语从句
考点5 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的常用连接词有if, nce, unless, in case, as/s lng as, n cnditin that, suppsing (that), given (that), prviding/prvided (that) 等。
1. if
(1)若主句为将来时，if从句多用一般现在时表将来。
If it snws tmrrw, we will g skiing.
(2) if pssible/necessary意为“如有可能，如有必要”。
If (it is) necessary, please bring yur cmputer here.
(3) nly if和 if nly
nly if意为“只有”， 置于句首时主句的主谓要用部分倒装。if nly 意为“但愿，要是……就好了”，引导的从句要用虚拟语气。
Only if yu wrk harder can yu catch up with thers.
If nly it culd be sunny tmrrw.
2. unless
unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，否则”，可替换成if... nt...。
Please dn’t speak, unless yu are invited.
＝Please dn’t speak, if yu are nt invited.
考点6 比较状语从句
比较状语从句一般位于句尾，常用than, as... as...， nt as/s... as...等引导。
1. than前的形容词和副词用比较级形式。
It’s easier than I thught.
I sing better than he des. ＝ He desn’t sing as well as I d.
2. as... as...表示“前者与后者一样……”，nt as/s... as...表示“前者不如后者……”，形容词和副词均用原级。常用于以下句型：
as＋adj. /adv. ＋as
as＋adj. ＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as
as＋many/few＋可数名词复数＋as
as＋much/little＋不可数名词＋as
I have as gd a sister as yu have.
I’m nt as cnsiderate as s many peple seem t think.
They are having almst as much unemplyment as we are.
考点7 状语从句中的省略
1. 在时间、地点、条件、方式、让步或比较状语从句中，当从句和主句主语一致，且从句中又有be动词时，可将从句主语及be动词省略。
He pened the desk drawer, as if (he was) in search f smething imprtant.
2. 当从句主语为代词it，从句中又有be动词时，从句主语及be动词可省略。
Cme alng with yur teacher if (it is) pssible.
3. 当从句是there be结构时，there be可省略。
Yu can ask me questins if (there are) any.
4. 在as, than引导的状语从句中，可省略与主句中重复的任何成分及be动词。
She speaks English better than he (speaks English).
Yu shuld d it as (yu were) tld t (d it).
考点8 状语从句中的倒装
1. n sner... than...和hardly/scarcely... when...引导时间状语从句，n sner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时，需将n sner和hardly/scarcely所在的句子部分倒装，且常用过去完成时，其后的than和when连接的句子不倒装，常用一般过去时。
Hardly had he begun t speak when his wife stpped him.
2. nt until...位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，nt until从句不倒装。
Nt until he came back yesterday evening did we finish the wrk.
3. if虚拟条件状语从句谓语含were, shuld, had时可将if省略，把were, shuld, had移至主语前。
Shuld he be here (＝ If he shuld be here) next week, he wuld help us.
4. s... that...和such... that...引导的结果状语从句中，若将“s ＋adj./adv.”或“such ＋n.”置于句首，主句要部分倒装。
S mved was she that she culd nt say a wrd.
5. as/thugh引导让步状语从句的倒装结构为：名词/形容词/副词/分词＋as/thugh＋主语＋谓语，动词＋as/thugh＋主语＋助动词。若是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词a/an。
Child as/thugh he is, he can take care f himself.
Try as/thugh he might, he culd nt find a jb.
Much as/thugh I like it, I wn’t buy it.
6. hwever, whatever引导的让步状语从句。
Hwever/N matter hw hard he wrked, he culdn’t slve the prblem.
Whatever/N matter what reasns yu have, yu shuld carry ut yur prmise.
二、特殊句型
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
1.【2018·天津卷改编】14. It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
2.【2018·北京卷改编】8. In any unsafe situatin, simply ________（press） the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.
3.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】China's apprach t prtecting its envirnment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide." says the bank's Juergen Vegele.
4.【2017·天津卷改编】11. It was when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
3. 考试技巧
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
建议今后注意一下强调句型。 在未来考试中可能考查到。
其考查点有:(1)强调句型用于强调陈述句;(2)强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;(3)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句;(4)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句用在宾语从句的语序;(5)强调句型用于强调nt. . . until. . . 句型。
4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
倒装的必备条件及具体应用；
省略的基本原则及用法；
强调句的基本结构、句式及其与相似主从复合句的区别。
考点1 倒装
1：完全倒装
2：部分倒装
考点2 省略
1. 不定式的省略
(1)在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词，只保留t，常见的词或结构有expect, frget, hpe, intend, like, lve, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish, glad, happy, pleased, delighted, have, need, ught, used, be ging, be abut, be sure, be afraid, be certain, be likely, be ready, be suppsed等。
I asked him t see the film, but he didn’t want t.
I didn’t want t g there, but I had t.
— Will yu jin in the game?
— I’d be glad t.
(2)感官动词(see, feel, hear, ntice, watch, bserve, listen t等)和使役动词(let, make, have)后接不定式作宾语补足语时省略t，但在被动式中不能省略(let除外)。
He made me laugh.
Please have him cme here.
I was made t laugh by him.
(3)如果不定式是be动词或完成式，则须在t后加上be或have。
— Are yu a cllege student?
— N, but I want t be.
(4)介词but意为“除了”，后接不定式，但如果but前面有行为动词d, des, did时，but后的不定式去掉t。
I didn’t have any chice but t wait.
I culd d nthing but wait patiently.
(5)不定式作表语，主语部分中出现了行为动词d, des, did时，作表语的不定式可省略t。
What we must d is (t) prtect the envirnment.
(6)两个及以上不定式并列，后面的t可省略，第一个t不能省略。
My mther’s jb is t lk after the baby and clean the huse.
2. 虚拟语气中if的省略
在虚拟条件从句中，如果把助动词were, had, shuld提到句首，if要省略。
Were I yu, I wuld g with her.
3. 限制性定语从句中关系词的省略
(1)关系代词wh, whm, which和that在定语从句中作动词宾语或作句子末端介词的宾语时可省略。
Is there anything (that) yu want?
Wh is the man (that) yu were talking t?
(2)关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时可省略。
Wuhan tday is nt the city (that) it was.
(3)关系副词when, where, why通常不能省略，但有特殊情况，即用于day, year, time, place, smewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nwhere, the reasn等少数词后时可以省略(也可换成that)，常用于口语。
That was the year (when/that) I first went abrad.
This is the place (where/that) they met yesterday.
That’s the reasn (why/fr which/that) he came.
4. 在对话中，常用s或nt来代替上文的一部分或整个从句。这种用法常见的词有hpe, think, be afraid, call, say, speak, believe, guess, expect, suppse, imagine, fear, hear等。
— She must lk like a pretty girl.
— Yes, I think s.
— Culd I take this bk ut?
— Srry, I’m afraid nt.
考点3 强调
考点4 反意疑问句
1：陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句
2：陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
考点5 感叹句
三、模拟演练
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Easy Ways t Build Vcabulary
It's nt all that hard t build an advanced and large vcabulary. Like many things in life, it's 1. nging prcess, and the best part f the prcess is that there's enugh rm fr imprvement, 2. means yu'll just keep getting better and better. Of curse yu have t wrk at it. Yu wuldn't think that a few 3. (mnth) f exercise in yur teens wuld be enugh 4. the rest f yur life, and that's als true fr building yur vcabulary--yu have t keep at it daily, and pretty sn yu will find that yu have an excellent vcabulary.
One f the 5. (effect) ways t build vcabulary is t read gd bks. Yu need t 6. (real) read at least ne gd bk a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 7. (sund), and it is far better than any ther methd because yu imprve yur vcabulary while 8. (read) an interesting piece f literature. Anther nice thing is that yu learn bth new wrds and 9. (they) use uncnsciusly, meaning that yu will tend t use the wrds 10. (learn) this way in cnversatins almst autmatically.
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 12th China Arts Festival will bring a series f art11. (activity) t the Chinese ecnmic and art center, Shanghai. Frm May 20 t June 2, mre than 50 shws12. (select) natinwide will be perfrmed in nineteen majr theaters in Shanghai, and a fine selectin f creative cultural prducts will13. (shw) at the Shanghai Exhibitin Center. The festival will include 14. (vary) art frms, such as pera dancing, painting-and phtgraphy.
The 2019 editin is c-rganized by the ministry f Culture and Turism and the Shanghai municipal gvernment (市改府). Since15. (it) beginning in 1987, the festival16. (change) hst cities in each editin, travelling t areas including Beijing, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei ver the past three decades.
Sales f tickets have pened nline, with tickets priced frm n cst 17. 380 yuan, accrding t the rganizers. T allw a much 18. (large) number f audience t access the prgrams, the festival will als be bradcast live nline. “We will use new media t bring the shws t mre rdinary peple, 19. will let them knw mre abut the mdern develpment f Chinese arts.” said Zhu Di, head f the ministry's arts department.
This year's festival is als aimed at 20. (prmte) turism in Shanghai with arts. The lcal gvernment has released a ttal f 40 culture-themed travel rutes t guide visitrs thrugh Shanghai's well-knwn landmarks.
3
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu ever seen a painting destry 21. (it)? This strange event happened during a recent auctin (拍卖) in Lndn.
Girl With Balln is ne f the mst well-knwn wrks f British artist Banksy. It 22. (sell) fr £1.04 millin (abut 9.49 millin yuan) at the Stheby auctin huse n Oct 5. Hwever, shrtly 23. the hammer (锤子) went dwn, the painting began t slide dwn its frame (画框) and half f the painting was cut int 24. (piece)!
In fact, there 25. (be) a shredder (碎纸机) in the frame. Mre surprisingly, the artist might have set the shredder in the frame himself years ag, Yah News reprted.
Banksy is knwn 26. being mysterius and unpredictable. N ne knws his real name, 27. his paintings are everywhere acrss the UK. He always plays haxes (恶作剧) n the art wrld.
Peple believe this is just anther example f Banksy 28. (play) a trick. They think he is against the cmmercializatin (商品化) f art.
Hwever, the 29. (fun) part is that this hax might have made the painting mre valuable. “(The price is) pssibly as high as being wrth £2 millin (abut 18.2 millin yuan) plus,” Jey Syer, 30. (fund) f art website MyArtBrker.cm, tld the Guardian.
4
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The walls f failure surrunded me. My teacher’s eyes stared at my every mve. My mm’s blank expressin shwed31. (disappint). “He is nt giving his full ptential,” I heard my teacher say. I gazed dwn, afraid, ashamed, and32. (determine). My determinatin was nt t put my best effrt t imprve but t give up.
My native language is Spanish.33. hard I tried, English wuld nt take rt in my brain. I tried hurs n end 34. (imprve) my grammar, prnunciatin,and vcabulary. After the parent-teacher cnference, my mther35. (tell) that I was ttally lacking interest. I spent that whle afternn listening t my mther tell me36. I shuld try. “Yu can never achieve what yu d nt try, she tld me. The simple statement stuck deeply37. my nine-year-ld mind.
The next day, I fund myself learning English wrds I never knew. A simple change in attitude made me successfully learn thse wrds. My teacher’s welcming smile, patience, and bright attitude, in additin t my desire t learn, were enugh t make38. difference. Within days, I fund 39. (I) having cmplete cnversatins in English and even40. (use) idims crrectly. My mther’s wrds helped me t learn that success in life requires desire.
用法
连词
表并列、递进或顺承关系
and，bth... and...，neither... nr...，nt nly... but als... ，as well as
表转折关系
but(不可与althugh/thugh连用), yet
表选择关系
either... r... ，nt... but...，r，r else，rather than
表因果关系
fr(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，s
and与r用
于并列句
祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承
祈使句＋r＋陈述句，r表转折
while表对比
强调对比关系，意为“然而；而”
状语从句类型
常见连接词
时间状语从句
when, while, as, befre, after, since, till, until, immediately, as sn as, every time
地点状语从句
where, wherever
让步状语从句
thugh/althugh, even if/even thugh, while, “疑问词-ever”， “n matter＋疑问词”
条件状语从句
if, nce, unless, in case, as/s lng as, n cnditin that
原因状语从句
because, as, since, nw that, seeing that, in that, cnsidering that, fr the reasn that
结果状语从句
s that, s/such... that
目的状语从句
s that, in rder that, fr fear (that), in case
比较状语从句
than, as... as, nt s... as
方式状语从句
as, as if/as thugh
关联词或短语
意义
例句
when,while,as
当……的时候
He jumped up when the phne rang.
We listened while the teacher read.
The phne rang just as I was leaving.
(as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生;while从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,不能是非延续性动词)
till,until
直到
Jane cmpleted her last nvel Persuasin in 1816,but it was nt published until after her death.(until要与延续性动词连用; 要与非延续性动词连用)
since
自从
It is tw years since he jined the army.他参军两年了。
It is tw years since he smked.他戒烟两年了。
(其后所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同)
the mment,the minute,the instant,the secnd;n ;;as sn as;directly,
immediately,nce
一……
就……
Tell him the news as sn as yu see him.
I recgnized her the mment (that) I saw her.
I want t see him the minute (that) he arrives.
I went hme directly I had finished wrk.
Once he arrives,we can start.
关联短语或结构
意义
例句
s that
结果
He didn’t plan his time well,s that he didn’t finish his wrk in time.
s+形容词/副词+that从句
如此……
以至于
……
Xia Ming is s clever that all his teachers like him.
s+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
It is s beautiful a scenery that many peple lk lst in it.
s+ many/much/little/few+名词+that从句
There was s little water in the jar that it was nt enugh fr all f us.
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
We left in such a hurry that we frgt t lck the dr.
such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
They are such interesting bks that I want t read them nce mre.
关联词或短语
意义
例句
thugh,althugh
虽然
Althugh/Thugh small,the cmpany has abut 1,000 buyers in ver 30 cuntries.(althugh和thugh用正常语序,可和yet连用,但不可和but连用)
as
虽然
Hard as/thugh he wrks,he makes little prgress.=Thugh he wrks hard,he makes little prgress.
(在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式,可被thugh替换)
even if,even thugh
即使
Even thugh/if yu say s,I d nt believe it.
n matter what,whatever,n matter wh,whever,n matter which,whichever,n matter hw,hwever,n matter when,whenever
无论……
Whever breaks laws will be punished.=N matter wh breaks laws,he/she will be punished.
(“疑问词+ever”=“n matter +疑问词”,“疑问词+ever”也可以引导名词性从句)
while
尽管,虽然
While he lves his students,he is very strict with them.
(一般位于句首,用于句中时,译为“然而”,表对照对比关系)
nt
无论(是否)
Whether yu believe it r nt,it is true.
种类
倒装条件
例句
完全
倒装
here,there,up,dwn,in,ut,ff,away等副词开头的句子表示强调
Out rushed the children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首
Under the tree std tw tables and fur chairs.
强调表语,置于句首,或为保持句子平衡
Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
种类
倒装条件
例句
部分
倒装
never,hardly,scarcely,seldm,little,nt until,nt等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Hardly did I knw what had happened.
nly和修饰的状语放于句首
Only then did he realize the imprtance f English.
nt als...连接并列的句子,前倒后不倒
Nt nly des he knw French,but als he is expert at it.
连接并列的句子,前后都倒装
Neither d I knw it,nr d I care abut it.
,中的s或such及被修饰的成分放于句首时,主谓要倒装
S busy is he that he cannt g n a hliday.
as引导的让步状语
Child as he is,he has learned a lt.
s,neither或nr表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事
He can play the pian.S can I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中
May yu be in gd health!
省略if的虚拟条件
Were I yu,I wuld nt d it in this way.
强调句的基本构成为:It is/was+被强调部分+wh/that+其他成分。被强调部分指人时,可用wh或that;被强调部分指物时,用that
It was Jhn wh (that) wre his best suit t the dance last night.
It was his best suit that Jhn wre t the dance last night.
疑问句形式为 “Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/wh+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/wh+其他成分”
Was it in high schl that yu began playing basketball?
Where was it that yu put yur mbile phne after cming back?
结构中的状语成分在强调句型中被强调时,nt与until要放在一起
It was nt until he remved his sunglasses that I recgnized him.
当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,反意疑问部分的主语与谓语常和主句保持一致
He said that they wuld cme t my birthday party,didn’t he?
当陈述部分主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppse,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致;当陈述部分主句的主语为第二、三人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与主句的主语和谓语保持一致
I expect ur English teacher will be back this weekend,wn’t he/she?
They dn’t believe he will succeed,d they?
陈述部分带有seldm,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nthing,nbdy等否定词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式
He culd hardly speak English,culd he?
带有表示否定意义的前缀构成的词时,其反意疑问部分用否定形式
He dislikes playing the pian,desn’t he?
What a(n)+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!
What an interesting stry it is!
What a happy day it is!
What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!
What beautiful butterflies they are!
Hw+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+主语+谓语!
Hw tall a by he is!
Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
Hw well she plays!
一、状语从句和并列句
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure 7 ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur aching legs.
2.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）
My bike was ld and shaky 7 did the jb.
3.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）
It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept 4 the late 1980s.
4.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index（体重指数）acrss 200 cuntries the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 1 that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMT in rural areas.
5.（2020.7 新高考海南卷 语法填空 ）
Each vlume in the set explres a wide range f material, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have n everyday life.
6.（2020.1 浙江卷 语法填空 ）
It's als that they are n average healthier 10 mre prductive fr lnger. Therefre, they can wrk fr lnger, cnsume mre and in general be a bst t the ecnmy.
7.（2020.7 全国三卷语法填空）
5 he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and pinted dwn the river.
8.（2020.7 上海卷语法填空）
One f the earliest-knwn inventins is the bw and arrw, which is still used thrughut the wrld tday, 15, 000 years 1 it was first invented.
9.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made_(make) ver the years. I wrk nt because I have t, ___67___ because I want t.”
10.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On ur way t the huse，it was raining ___61___ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get (get)there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
3. 考试技巧
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
1. 完整的句子中, 如果两个单词或短语并列, 要填并列连词;
2. 若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号, 也没有连词, 空格处必定填连词;
3. 牢记特殊句式中连词的运用;
4. 全面掌握九大状语从句的连接词, 熟悉它们的用法;
5. 准确判断主从句的逻辑关系, 同时要注意区分易混词。
4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
and和but的用法区别；
while表对比的用法。
时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、让步、条件、方式和比较状语从句等；
常用的引导状语从句的连词。
考点1 基本用法
1. 并列句的用法及常见连词
2. 状语从句的类型及常见连接词
考点2 时间状语从句
考点3 结果状语从句
考点4 让步状语从句
考点5 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的常用连接词有if, nce, unless, in case, as/s lng as, n cnditin that, suppsing (that), given (that), prviding/prvided (that) 等。
1. if
(1)若主句为将来时，if从句多用一般现在时表将来。
If it snws tmrrw, we will g skiing.
(2) if pssible/necessary意为“如有可能，如有必要”。
If (it is) necessary, please bring yur cmputer here.
(3) nly if和 if nly
nly if意为“只有”， 置于句首时主句的主谓要用部分倒装。if nly 意为“但愿，要是……就好了”，引导的从句要用虚拟语气。
Only if yu wrk harder can yu catch up with thers.
If nly it culd be sunny tmrrw.
2. unless
unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，否则”，可替换成if... nt...。
Please dn’t speak, unless yu are invited.
＝Please dn’t speak, if yu are nt invited.
考点6 比较状语从句
比较状语从句一般位于句尾，常用than, as... as...， nt as/s... as...等引导。
1. than前的形容词和副词用比较级形式。
It’s easier than I thught.
I sing better than he des. ＝ He desn’t sing as well as I d.
2. as... as...表示“前者与后者一样……”，nt as/s... as...表示“前者不如后者……”，形容词和副词均用原级。常用于以下句型：
as＋adj. /adv. ＋as
as＋adj. ＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as
as＋many/few＋可数名词复数＋as
as＋much/little＋不可数名词＋as
I have as gd a sister as yu have.
I’m nt as cnsiderate as s many peple seem t think.
They are having almst as much unemplyment as we are.
考点7 状语从句中的省略
1. 在时间、地点、条件、方式、让步或比较状语从句中，当从句和主句主语一致，且从句中又有be动词时，可将从句主语及be动词省略。
He pened the desk drawer, as if (he was) in search f smething imprtant.
2. 当从句主语为代词it，从句中又有be动词时，从句主语及be动词可省略。
Cme alng with yur teacher if (it is) pssible.
3. 当从句是there be结构时，there be可省略。
Yu can ask me questins if (there are) any.
4. 在as, than引导的状语从句中，可省略与主句中重复的任何成分及be动词。
She speaks English better than he (speaks English).
Yu shuld d it as (yu were) tld t (d it).
考点8 状语从句中的倒装
1. n sner... than...和hardly/scarcely... when...引导时间状语从句，n sner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时，需将n sner和hardly/scarcely所在的句子部分倒装，且常用过去完成时，其后的than和when连接的句子不倒装，常用一般过去时。
Hardly had he begun t speak when his wife stpped him.
2. nt until...位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，nt until从句不倒装。
Nt until he came back yesterday evening did we finish the wrk.
3. if虚拟条件状语从句谓语含were, shuld, had时可将if省略，把were, shuld, had移至主语前。
Shuld he be here (＝ If he shuld be here) next week, he wuld help us.
4. s... that...和such... that...引导的结果状语从句中，若将“s ＋adj./adv.”或“such ＋n.”置于句首，主句要部分倒装。
S mved was she that she culd nt say a wrd.
5. as/thugh引导让步状语从句的倒装结构为：名词/形容词/副词/分词＋as/thugh＋主语＋谓语，动词＋as/thugh＋主语＋助动词。若是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词a/an。
Child as/thugh he is, he can take care f himself.
Try as/thugh he might, he culd nt find a jb.
Much as/thugh I like it, I wn’t buy it.
6. hwever, whatever引导的让步状语从句。
Hwever/N matter hw hard he wrked, he culdn’t slve the prblem.
Whatever/N matter what reasns yu have, yu shuld carry ut yur prmise.
二、特殊句型
1. 思维导图
2. 高考真题再现
1.【2018·天津卷改编】14. It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
2.【2018·北京卷改编】8. In any unsafe situatin, simply ________（press） the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.
3.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】China's apprach t prtecting its envirnment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide." says the bank's Juergen Vegele.
4.【2017·天津卷改编】11. It was when I gt back t my apartment ______ I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
3. 考试技巧
【关键技法点拨】
语法填空解题策略
建议今后注意一下强调句型。 在未来考试中可能考查到。
其考查点有:(1)强调句型用于强调陈述句;(2)强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;(3)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句;(4)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句用在宾语从句的语序;(5)强调句型用于强调nt. . . until. . . 句型。
4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
倒装的必备条件及具体应用；
省略的基本原则及用法；
强调句的基本结构、句式及其与相似主从复合句的区别。
考点1 倒装
1：完全倒装
2：部分倒装
考点2 省略
1. 不定式的省略
(1)在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词，只保留t，常见的词或结构有expect, frget, hpe, intend, like, lve, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish, glad, happy, pleased, delighted, have, need, ught, used, be ging, be abut, be sure, be afraid, be certain, be likely, be ready, be suppsed等。
I asked him t see the film, but he didn’t want t.
I didn’t want t g there, but I had t.
— Will yu jin in the game?
— I’d be glad t.
(2)感官动词(see, feel, hear, ntice, watch, bserve, listen t等)和使役动词(let, make, have)后接不定式作宾语补足语时省略t，但在被动式中不能省略(let除外)。
He made me laugh.
Please have him cme here.
I was made t laugh by him.
(3)如果不定式是be动词或完成式，则须在t后加上be或have。
— Are yu a cllege student?
— N, but I want t be.
(4)介词but意为“除了”，后接不定式，但如果but前面有行为动词d, des, did时，but后的不定式去掉t。
I didn’t have any chice but t wait.
I culd d nthing but wait patiently.
(5)不定式作表语，主语部分中出现了行为动词d, des, did时，作表语的不定式可省略t。
What we must d is (t) prtect the envirnment.
(6)两个及以上不定式并列，后面的t可省略，第一个t不能省略。
My mther’s jb is t lk after the baby and clean the huse.
2. 虚拟语气中if的省略
在虚拟条件从句中，如果把助动词were, had, shuld提到句首，if要省略。
Were I yu, I wuld g with her.
3. 限制性定语从句中关系词的省略
(1)关系代词wh, whm, which和that在定语从句中作动词宾语或作句子末端介词的宾语时可省略。
Is there anything (that) yu want?
Wh is the man (that) yu were talking t?
(2)关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时可省略。
Wuhan tday is nt the city (that) it was.
(3)关系副词when, where, why通常不能省略，但有特殊情况，即用于day, year, time, place, smewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nwhere, the reasn等少数词后时可以省略(也可换成that)，常用于口语。
That was the year (when/that) I first went abrad.
This is the place (where/that) they met yesterday.
That’s the reasn (why/fr which/that) he came.
4. 在对话中，常用s或nt来代替上文的一部分或整个从句。这种用法常见的词有hpe, think, be afraid, call, say, speak, believe, guess, expect, suppse, imagine, fear, hear等。
— She must lk like a pretty girl.
— Yes, I think s.
— Culd I take this bk ut?
— Srry, I’m afraid nt.
考点3 强调
考点4 反意疑问句
1：陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句
2：陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句
考点5 感叹句
三、模拟演练
1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Easy Ways t Build Vcabulary
It's nt all that hard t build an advanced and large vcabulary. Like many things in life, it's 1. nging prcess, and the best part f the prcess is that there's enugh rm fr imprvement, 2. means yu'll just keep getting better and better. Of curse yu have t wrk at it. Yu wuldn't think that a few 3. (mnth) f exercise in yur teens wuld be enugh 4. the rest f yur life, and that's als true fr building yur vcabulary--yu have t keep at it daily, and pretty sn yu will find that yu have an excellent vcabulary.
One f the 5. (effect) ways t build vcabulary is t read gd bks. Yu need t 6. (real) read at least ne gd bk a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 7. (sund), and it is far better than any ther methd because yu imprve yur vcabulary while 8. (read) an interesting piece f literature. Anther nice thing is that yu learn bth new wrds and 9. (they) use uncnsciusly, meaning that yu will tend t use the wrds 10. (learn) this way in cnversatins almst autmatically.
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 12th China Arts Festival will bring a series f art11. (activity) t the Chinese ecnmic and art center, Shanghai. Frm May 20 t June 2, mre than 50 shws12. (select) natinwide will be perfrmed in nineteen majr theaters in Shanghai, and a fine selectin f creative cultural prducts will13. (shw) at the Shanghai Exhibitin Center. The festival will include 14. (vary) art frms, such as pera dancing, painting-and phtgraphy.
The 2019 editin is c-rganized by the ministry f Culture and Turism and the Shanghai municipal gvernment (市改府). Since15. (it) beginning in 1987, the festival16. (change) hst cities in each editin, travelling t areas including Beijing, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei ver the past three decades.
Sales f tickets have pened nline, with tickets priced frm n cst 17. 380 yuan, accrding t the rganizers. T allw a much 18. (large) number f audience t access the prgrams, the festival will als be bradcast live nline. “We will use new media t bring the shws t mre rdinary peple, 19. will let them knw mre abut the mdern develpment f Chinese arts.” said Zhu Di, head f the ministry's arts department.
This year's festival is als aimed at 20. (prmte) turism in Shanghai with arts. The lcal gvernment has released a ttal f 40 culture-themed travel rutes t guide visitrs thrugh Shanghai's well-knwn landmarks.
3
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu ever seen a painting destry 21. (it)? This strange event happened during a recent auctin (拍卖) in Lndn.
Girl With Balln is ne f the mst well-knwn wrks f British artist Banksy. It 22. (sell) fr £1.04 millin (abut 9.49 millin yuan) at the Stheby auctin huse n Oct 5. Hwever, shrtly 23. the hammer (锤子) went dwn, the painting began t slide dwn its frame (画框) and half f the painting was cut int 24. (piece)!
In fact, there 25. (be) a shredder (碎纸机) in the frame. Mre surprisingly, the artist might have set the shredder in the frame himself years ag, Yah News reprted.
Banksy is knwn 26. being mysterius and unpredictable. N ne knws his real name, 27. his paintings are everywhere acrss the UK. He always plays haxes (恶作剧) n the art wrld.
Peple believe this is just anther example f Banksy 28. (play) a trick. They think he is against the cmmercializatin (商品化) f art.
Hwever, the 29. (fun) part is that this hax might have made the painting mre valuable. “(The price is) pssibly as high as being wrth £2 millin (abut 18.2 millin yuan) plus,” Jey Syer, 30. (fund) f art website MyArtBrker.cm, tld the Guardian.
4
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The walls f failure surrunded me. My teacher’s eyes stared at my every mve. My mm’s blank expressin shwed31. (disappint). “He is nt giving his full ptential,” I heard my teacher say. I gazed dwn, afraid, ashamed, and32. (determine). My determinatin was nt t put my best effrt t imprve but t give up.
My native language is Spanish.33. hard I tried, English wuld nt take rt in my brain. I tried hurs n end 34. (imprve) my grammar, prnunciatin,and vcabulary. After the parent-teacher cnference, my mther35. (tell) that I was ttally lacking interest. I spent that whle afternn listening t my mther tell me36. I shuld try. “Yu can never achieve what yu d nt try, she tld me. The simple statement stuck deeply37. my nine-year-ld mind.
The next day, I fund myself learning English wrds I never knew. A simple change in attitude made me successfully learn thse wrds. My teacher’s welcming smile, patience, and bright attitude, in additin t my desire t learn, were enugh t make38. difference. Within days, I fund 39. (I) having cmplete cnversatins in English and even40. (use) idims crrectly. My mther’s wrds helped me t learn that success in life requires desire.
用法
连词
表并列、递进或顺承关系
and，bth... and...，neither... nr...，nt nly... but als... ，as well as
表转折关系
but(不可与althugh/thugh连用), yet
表选择关系
either... r... ，nt... but...，r，r else，rather than
表因果关系
fr(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，s
and与r用
于并列句
祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承
祈使句＋r＋陈述句，r表转折
while表对比
强调对比关系，意为“然而；而”
状语从句类型
常见连接词
时间状语从句
when, while, as, befre, after, since, till, until, immediately, as sn as, every time
地点状语从句
where, wherever
让步状语从句
thugh/althugh, even if/even thugh, while, “疑问词-ever”， “n matter＋疑问词”
条件状语从句
if, nce, unless, in case, as/s lng as, n cnditin that
原因状语从句
because, as, since, nw that, seeing that, in that, cnsidering that, fr the reasn that
结果状语从句
s that, s/such... that
目的状语从句
s that, in rder that, fr fear (that), in case
比较状语从句
than, as... as, nt s... as
方式状语从句
as, as if/as thugh
关联词或短语
意义
例句
when,while,as
当……的时候
He jumped up when the phne rang.
We listened while the teacher read.
The phne rang just as I was leaving.
(as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生;while从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,不能是非延续性动词)
till,until
直到
Jane cmpleted her last nvel Persuasin in 1816,but it was nt published until after her death.(until要与延续性动词连用; 要与非延续性动词连用)
since
自从
It is tw years since he jined the army.他参军两年了。
It is tw years since he smked.他戒烟两年了。
(其后所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同)
the mment,the minute,the instant,the secnd;n ;;as sn as;directly,
immediately,nce
一……
就……
Tell him the news as sn as yu see him.
I recgnized her the mment (that) I saw her.
I want t see him the minute (that) he arrives.
I went hme directly I had finished wrk.
Once he arrives,we can start.
关联短语或结构
意义
例句
s that
结果
He didn’t plan his time well,s that he didn’t finish his wrk in time.
s+形容词/副词+that从句
如此……
以至于
……
Xia Ming is s clever that all his teachers like him.
s+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
It is s beautiful a scenery that many peple lk lst in it.
s+ many/much/little/few+名词+that从句
There was s little water in the jar that it was nt enugh fr all f us.
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
We left in such a hurry that we frgt t lck the dr.
such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
They are such interesting bks that I want t read them nce mre.
关联词或短语
意义
例句
thugh,althugh
虽然
Althugh/Thugh small,the cmpany has abut 1,000 buyers in ver 30 cuntries.(althugh和thugh用正常语序,可和yet连用,但不可和but连用)
as
虽然
Hard as/thugh he wrks,he makes little prgress.=Thugh he wrks hard,he makes little prgress.
(在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式,可被thugh替换)
even if,even thugh
即使
Even thugh/if yu say s,I d nt believe it.
n matter what,whatever,n matter wh,whever,n matter which,whichever,n matter hw,hwever,n matter when,whenever
无论……
Whever breaks laws will be punished.=N matter wh breaks laws,he/she will be punished.
(“疑问词+ever”=“n matter +疑问词”,“疑问词+ever”也可以引导名词性从句)
while
尽管,虽然
While he lves his students,he is very strict with them.
(一般位于句首,用于句中时,译为“然而”,表对照对比关系)
nt
无论(是否)
Whether yu believe it r nt,it is true.
种类
倒装条件
例句
完全
倒装
here,there,up,dwn,in,ut,ff,away等副词开头的句子表示强调
Out rushed the children.
表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首
Under the tree std tw tables and fur chairs.
强调表语,置于句首,或为保持句子平衡
Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
种类
倒装条件
例句
部分
倒装
never,hardly,scarcely,seldm,little,nt until,nt等表示否定意义的副词放于句首
Hardly did I knw what had happened.
nly和修饰的状语放于句首
Only then did he realize the imprtance f English.
nt als...连接并列的句子,前倒后不倒
Nt nly des he knw French,but als he is expert at it.
连接并列的句子,前后都倒装
Neither d I knw it,nr d I care abut it.
,中的s或such及被修饰的成分放于句首时,主谓要倒装
S busy is he that he cannt g n a hliday.
as引导的让步状语
Child as he is,he has learned a lt.
s,neither或nr表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事
He can play the pian.S can I.
用于表示祝愿的祈使句中
May yu be in gd health!
省略if的虚拟条件
Were I yu,I wuld nt d it in this way.
强调句的基本构成为:It is/was+被强调部分+wh/that+其他成分。被强调部分指人时,可用wh或that;被强调部分指物时,用that
It was Jhn wh (that) wre his best suit t the dance last night.
It was his best suit that Jhn wre t the dance last night.
疑问句形式为 “Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/wh+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/wh+其他成分”
Was it in high schl that yu began playing basketball?
Where was it that yu put yur mbile phne after cming back?
结构中的状语成分在强调句型中被强调时,nt与until要放在一起
It was nt until he remved his sunglasses that I recgnized him.
当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,反意疑问部分的主语与谓语常和主句保持一致
He said that they wuld cme t my birthday party,didn’t he?
当陈述部分主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppse,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致;当陈述部分主句的主语为第二、三人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与主句的主语和谓语保持一致
I expect ur English teacher will be back this weekend,wn’t he/she?
They dn’t believe he will succeed,d they?
陈述部分带有seldm,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nthing,nbdy等否定词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式
He culd hardly speak English,culd he?
带有表示否定意义的前缀构成的词时,其反意疑问部分用否定形式
He dislikes playing the pian,desn’t he?
What a(n)+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!
What an interesting stry it is!
What a happy day it is!
What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!
What beautiful butterflies they are!
Hw+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+主语+谓语!
Hw tall a by he is!
Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
Hw well she plays!
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