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U2下 教案 核心知识点梳理（教师版） 高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册 （2022年）
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这是一份U2下 教案 核心知识点梳理（教师版） 高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册 （2022年），共16页。教案主要包含了进门测试，多元导学，互动精讲，知识梳理1，跟踪典例，句式分析，巩固练习，知识梳理2等内容，欢迎下载使用。
授课时间：
学习目标
1. 掌握第二单元后半部分的核心词汇和句型；
2. 掌握这些词汇和句型在新高考中的应用。
教学内容
【进门测试】
建议5min
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nw many singers and bands have little t d with gd music. They knw little abut what gd music means. What is the cause？
Mst f these singers s far have1. （ see） music as a "jb" because it is a gd surce f 2. （make） mney. And if yu have a gd 3. （appear） and als riginal r expensive clthes t shw ff at yur cncerts then yur vice is nt 4. imprtant as it shuld be. The public will prefer t admire mre the mst interesting parts f yur bdy and even frget that yu are there 5. （shw） yur music skills, nt yur dancing, which is imprtant t, but nt at such a high level.
Therefre, many yung girls n TV chse t wear 6. mst prvcative （挑逗性的）clthes t catch attentin, but when it cmes t singing they are in a cmplete mess and ne desn't need t have an ear fr music t ntice their lack 7. talent.
Hwever, the yung generatin shuld understand talent and a gd vice matter mre in their musical career. All the 8. （perfrmance） that have little t d with gd music fail t be welcmed n stage. If a yung man has a great vice and wants t becme a 9. （success）singer, he shuld take sme special curses in this area, because they will help
（he）imprve singing abilities.
答案：
1. seen. 考查过去分词。句意：到目前为止，大多数歌手都把音乐视为一种"工作"，因为它是赚钱的好来源。see sth.as"把某事看作（视为）"，s far"到目前为止"，用于现在完成时，空格前有助动词have, see的过去分词是seen,故填seen。
2. making. 考查动名词。句意：到目前为止，大多数歌手都把音乐视为一种"工作"，因为它是赚钱的好来源。介词f后面用动词的ing形式作宾语，故填making。
3. appearance. 考查名词。句意：如果你有一个好的外表，也有原创或昂贵的衣服在你的音乐会上炫耀，那么你的声音就不是那么重要了。根据空格前a gd可以判断，此处应用单数名词appearance"外貌；外表"，故填appearance。
4. as. 考查副词。句意：如果你有一个好的外表，也有原创或昂贵的衣服在你的音乐会上炫耀，那么你的声音就不是那么重要了。as+ adj./ adv. +as…意为"和……一样"，表示同级的比较。第一个as为副词，通常修饰形容词或副词，第二个as为连词。故填as。
5. t shw. 考查不定式。句意：公众更喜欢欣赏你身体中最有趣的部分，甚至忘了你是来展示你的音乐技巧的，而不是你的舞蹈。分析句子可知，此处表示"你来这里"的目的，应用动词不定式，故填t shw。
6. the. 考查冠词。句意：因此，电视上的许多年轻女孩选择穿最具挑逗性的衣服来吸引眼球，但当谈到唱歌时，她们就一团糟了，不需要听音乐就可以发现她们缺乏才华。根据空格后mst prvcative, 此处为形容词最高级，前面需加定冠词the,故填the。
7. f. 考查介词。句意：因此，电视上的许多年轻女孩选择穿最具挑逗性的衣服来吸引眼球，但当谈到唱歌时，她们就一团糟了，不需要听音乐就可以发现她们缺乏才华。lack f"缺少；缺乏"，固定搭配，故填f.
8. perfrmances. 考查名词复数。句意：所有的与好音乐无关的表演都不受欢迎。perfrmance"表演；演出"，可数名词，前面有all修饰，应用复数形式，故填perfrmances。
9. successful. 考查形容词。句意：如果一个年轻人有一副好嗓子，想成为一个成功的歌手，他应该学习这方面的一些专门课程，因为这些课程将帮助他提高歌唱能力。此处作定语修饰名词singer,应用形容词successful"成功的"，故填successful。
10. him. 考查代词。句意：如果一个年轻人有一副好嗓子，想成为一个成功的歌手，他应该学习这方面的一些专门课程，因为这些课程将帮助他提高歌唱能力。此处作动词help的宾语，应用代词的宾格him,故填him。
【多元导学】
建议10min
What d yu knw abut the hurricane?
【互动精讲】
【知识梳理1】Grammar & Integrated skills核心词汇和句型
1. shck shcked adj.震惊的；震撼的 shcking adj.令人震惊的；可怕的，令人厌恶的；糟糕的
原文：As yu can imagine, it was a bit f a shck. 你可以想象，这有点令人震惊。 (教材20)
◆ n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt. 使震惊
(1) in shck 休克；处于极度震惊状态
culture shck 文化冲击
suffer frm shck 休克
(2) be shcked at 对……感到惊讶；震惊
be shcked that… 对…感到惊讶；震惊
shcking behaviur 骇人听闻的行为
shcking news 令人震惊的消息
①She still hadn't gt ver the shck f seeing him again.
竟然又见到了他，她到现在还惊愕不已。
= 2 \* GB3 ②We were all shcked at the news f his death.
听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊
③The huse was left in a shcking state.
那座房子破败得不成样子了。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
①It is ______________ that they invlved children in the crime.
令人发指的是，他们教唆儿童参与犯罪活动。
②Her death was ______________________ t us all.
她的死使我们所有人都感到非常震惊。
③I _____________________ she shuld frget me s quickly.
我很震惊，她竟然这么快就忘记我了。
【答案】
①shcking ②a great shck ③was shcked that
2. scare scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的 scared adj. 害怕的
原文：The strng wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me, 大风和大雨并没有吓到我, (教材P20)
◆vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 n. 恐慌；惊吓
(1)scare sb in t ding sth 恐慌某人做某事
scare away/ ff 把…吓跑
(2)be scared t death 被吓死；害怕的要死
be scared t d sth/ f ding sth 害怕做某事
be scared that… 害怕…
①We're afraid f failure, s we scare thers int cperating with us.
我们害怕失败，因此，我们就吓唬他人要跟我们合作。
②In high schl I was scared t death f yu.
高中时我怕你怕得要命。
= 3 \* GB3 ③Dn't be scared t learn smething new.
不要害怕学新东西。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
= 1 \* GB3 ①They will __________________ small birds.
它们会把小鸟吓跑。
②He lks _____________ but he's really a gentle giant.
他看上去可怕，实际却是个性格温和的巨人。
③Kelly ____________________ she wuld nt be able t g very far.
凯莉怕她走不了多远。
【答案】
①scare away ②scary ③was scared that
3. supply prvide/ ffer(同义词)
原文： Were yu afraid f running ut f supplies? 你是怕补给用完了吗? (教材P20)
◆n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt. 供应，供给，提供
(1)supply sb with sth/ supply sth t sb 提供给某人某物
(2)a gd supply f 大量的
in shrt supply 供应不足，短缺
supply and demand 供给和需求
(3) prvide sb with sth/ prvide sth fr sb提供给某人某物
ffer sb sth/ ffer sth t sb提供给某人某物
①We cannt guarantee adequate supplies f raw materials.
我们不能保证提供充足的原料。
②We supply the travel ticket t yu and yur cycle.
我们为您和您的自行车提供旅行票。
③Fd is in shrt supply all ver the cuntry.
食品在全国各地都供应不足。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
①There's usually __________________ resurces arund the twn center.
通常情况下城镇中心周围有相当好的资源供给。
②The cmpany decided t ___________ the lcal schls ____________ multimedia equipment.
The cmpany decided t ___________ multimedia equipment ____________ the lcal schls.
该公司决定向当地的学校提供多媒体设备。
【答案】①a gd supply f ②supply, with; supply ,t
4. dnate dnatin n. 捐款，捐赠物；捐赠 dnatr n. 捐赠者
原文：Many peple came t help, fd and clthes t charities. 许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。(教材P20)
◆捐赠，赠送；献（血）
(1) dnate… t… 把… 捐赠给…
(2) make a dnatin t 向…捐赠
a generus/large/small dnatin 慷慨/大量/少量捐助
rgan dnatin器官捐献
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
= 1 \* GB3 ①I think it wuld be better t ___________________ a temprary shelter fr the hmeless.
我觉得把钱捐给无家可归者的临时收容所更好。
②Wuld yu like t ___________________ ur charity appeal?
你愿意响应我们慈善团体呼吁来捐物吗？
【答案】①dnate mney t ②make a dnatin t
5. therwise
原文：…therwise the mving water culd wash the car away! …否则流动的水会把车冲走! (教材P23)
◆adv. 否则，不然；除此以外
r therwise或其他情况；或相反
and therwise 等等；及其他
true r therwise 真真假假
祈使句+therwise+陈述句
①My parents lent me the mney. Otherwise, I culdn't have affrded the trip.
我父母借钱给我了。否则，我可付不起这次旅费。
②Bismarck, therwise knwn as ‘the Irn Chancellr’
俾斯麦，亦称为“铁血首相”
③It was necessary t discver the truth r therwise f these statements.
有必要查证这些说法的真实性或虚假性。
【跟踪典例】
①We're cmmitted t the prject. We wuldn't be here ______________.
我们是全心全意投入这项工作的，否则我们就不会到这里来了
②It was necessary t discver the __________________ f these statements.
有必要查证这些说法的真实性或虚假性。
②Yu must wrk hard ______________ yu will lse yur place in the class.
你必须努力学习，否则你在班上的名次就保不住了。
【答案】①therwise ②truth r therwise ③therwise
6.curius curiusly adv. 好奇地 curisity n. 好奇，好奇心
原文：She was curius t see hw much water there was utside. 她很想看看外面有多少水。 （教材P23）
◆adj. 好奇的；奇特的
(1) be curius abut 对… 感到好奇
be curius t d sth 极想做某事
It’s curius that… 真奇怪…
(2) ut f curisity 处于好奇
with curisity/ curiusly 好奇地
meet/ satisfy ne’s curisity 满足某人的好奇心
①They were very curius abut the peple wh lived upstairs.
他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。
②It was curius that she didn't tell anyne.
她没有告诉任何人，这很反常。
③The letter wasn't addressed t me but I pened it ut f curisity.
那封信不是写给我的，然而我却出于好奇把它拆开了。
【跟踪典例】
①I ____________________ whether yu will take kindly t this new slutin.
我很好奇，想知道你是否会欣然接受这个新的解决方案。
②____________________, I read English stries everyday.
为了满足我的好奇心，我每天都看英语故事。
③"What are yu ding here?" asked Lisa ______________.
“你在这里做什么？”丽莎好奇地问。
【答案】①am curius t knw②T meet my curisity ③with curisity
7. 情态动词+have+ dne
原文： The hurricane must have caused a lt f damage and suffering. 飓风一定造成了很多破坏和痛苦。(教材P20)
【句式分析】
本句中“must have caused”是情态动词+have+dne结构，意为“过去肯定做过某事”，表示对过去肯定的推测。
情态动词+have+dne结构可表示对过去的推测和对过去的虚拟语气，其中表示对过去的推测的还有：
culdn't/ can’t have dne过去不可能做过某事
might have dne 过去有可能做了某事
might nt have dne过去有可能没做某事
表示对过去的虚拟语气的有：
shuld have dne过去本该做某事却没做
shuldn't have dne过去本不该做某事却做了
wuld have dne过去本想做但并未做
wuldn't have dne过去本不想做但发生了
need have dne过去需要做某事但却没做
needn't have dne过去不必做某事但却做了
【跟踪典例】
①He said I ___________________ smething bad t deserve it.
他说我肯定是罪有应得。
②They ___________________ it much mre earlier.
他们早就应该这么做了。
③Peter ___________________ it yesterday.
彼得昨天本不必做这件事。
④He ___________________ such a terrible thing as t keep yu waiting s lng.
他不可能做出这样糟糕的事，让你等这么长的时间。
【答案】①must have dne ②shuld have dne
③needn't have dne ④can't have dne
8. 现在分词作伴随状语
原文： Many peple came t help, fd and clthes t charities. 许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。(教材P20)
【句式分析】
本句中“dnating fd and clthes t charities”在句中作状语，伴随状语是指状语的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。“dnating”为现在分词，和其逻辑主语“many peple”是主动关系，即人们捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。过去分词(即dne) 则表示被动关系。
①All night lng he lay awake, thinking f the prblem.
他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
②The PE teacher std in the middle f the playgrund, surrunded by a grup f students.
那位体育老师站在操场中间，被一群学生围着。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①The dg entered the rm, ___________(fllw) his master
这条狗跟着主人进了屋。
②The master entered the rm, ___________(fllw) by his dg
主人进了屋，后面跟着他的狗。
【答案】①fllwing ②fllwed
9. 现在分词作后置定语
原文：I saw a nte frm Mr Li n the ffice dr saying he was in the meeting rm. 我在办公室门上看到一张李先生的便条，说他在会议室。(教材P21)
【句式分析】
本句中“saying he was in the meeting rm” 做“nte”的后置定语，意为“写着他在会议室的便条”。
定语是指起修饰限定作用的句子成分，多翻译为“... 的”， 后置定语，顾名思义，放在被修饰词后的定语。现在分词（ding）作定语， 多表主动和进行的含义。有别于过去分词(dne)，表被动含义。
①A rm facing the sea 一个面朝大海的房间 （房间面向大海，主动）
②A girl standing at the gate 一个正站在门边的女孩 （女孩站在门口，主动）
③A girl called lily 一个被叫做lily的女孩 (女孩被叫做lily，被动)
= 4 \* GB3 ④A machine invented by the scientists 一个被科学家发明的机器 (机器被发明，被动)
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①The bk _________ (write) by him sells well..
它写的书很畅销。
②The man __________ (talk) t my mm is my English teacher.
正在和我妈妈谈话的人是我的英语老师。
【答案】①written ②talking
【巩固练习】
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 单词拼写
1. Peple were swimming in the cean despite the h__________ warning.
2. The largest c__________ rm culd seat 5,000 peple.
3. Plitical p__________ depends upn ecnmic strength.
4. They are very generus givers t c__________.
5. The insurance __________ (基金) wuld inject $750 int the banks.
6. She repainted the __________ (在楼上的) rms and clsed ff the secnd flr.
7. We dn't want this __________ (文件) falling int the wrng hands.
8. The __________ (员工)in this shp are very helpful.
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. We were ___________ (shck) at the size f his debts.
2. He made a nise and scared ___________ the animals.
3. Fears that the wrld was abut t run ut ___________ fuel prved grundless.
4. His father will supply him ___________ travelling expenses.
5. Shut the windw, ___________ it'll get t cld in here.
6. They ___________ (d) it much mre earlier.
7. The dg entered the rm, ___________ (fllw) his master
8. Children ___________ (intrduce) t reading early develp strng verbal skills.
答案：
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. hurricane 2. cnference 3. pwer 4. charity
5. fund 6. dwnstairs 7. dcument 8. staff
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. shcked 2. ff 3. f 4. with
5. therwise 6. shuld have dne 7. fllwing 8. intrduced
【知识梳理2】Extended reading & Prject核心词汇和句型
1. erupt eruptive adj. 暴发的；喷出的 eruptin n. 爆发，喷发
原文：His classic nvel The Last Days f Pmpeii imagines life in the ancient Rman city f Pmpeii in the year 79, when Munt Vesuvius erupted. 在其经典小说《庞贝城的末日》中，他对公元79年维苏威火山爆发时，古罗马城市庞贝的生活场景展开了想象。(教材P25)
◆ （火山）爆发；突然发生
(1)erupt int sth/break ut 突然发生；爆发; 突然发出（尤指叫喊）
(2) an eruptin f despair. 一阵突然的绝望
an eruptin f vilent prtest 暴力抗议的爆发
①When Davis scred fr the third time the crwd erupted.
戴维斯第三次得分，观众欢声雷动。
②The eruptin f an active vlcan is a terrible phenmenn.
活火山爆发是一种可怕的自然现象。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
①My father just ______________ fury.
我父亲勃然大怒。
②That led t _____________________, and big lsses in lcal electins this mnth.
这导致了公众忿怒的爆发和地方选举的大失败。
【答案】
①erupted int ②an eruptin f public anger
2. take the frm f
原文：It tk the frm f a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! 它形似一株巨树：树干，黑魆魆的；枝叶，那是火！(教材P25)
◆呈现…的形状；采取…的形式
(1)in the frm f 以…的形式
in frm 在形式上
a frm f 一种…的形式
fill in the frm 填写表格
(2) A plan frmed in my head. 一个计划在我的头脑中形成。
frm a line/queue/circle 排成一行/长列/圈
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①The training prgramme _________________ a series f wrkshps.
培训课程采取一系列研讨会的形式。
②Help ____________________ will be very welcme.
以钱的形式资助将十分受欢迎。
= 3 \* GB3 ③I didn't see enugh f the play t __________________ abut it.
我对这部戏剧了解得不够，说不出什么意见。
【答案】
①takes the frm f ②in the frm f mney ③frm an pinin
3. unbearable 比较级 mre unbearable 最高级 mst unbearable bear vt. 忍受,容忍 bearable adj. 可忍受的；支持得住的 unbearably adv. 不堪忍受地；无法容忍地
原文：…and nw again it burnt with an unbearable light! …放出刺眼的强光！(教材P26)
◆adj. 难耐的，无法忍受的
unbearable pain 难以忍受的痛苦
unbearably ht 酷热难当
bear the unbearable srrw 忍受那无法忍受的悲伤
bear/ stand/ put up with忍受,容忍
①The humidity was becming unbearable.
这种潮湿使人越来越难以忍受了。
②He can't bear being/ t be laughed at.
他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。
【跟踪典例】
①The city-dweller wh leaves fr the cuntry is ften ppressed by a sense f _____________________.
离开城市来到乡村的居民常常感到一种难以忍受的宁静和压抑。
②She culdn't ___________________ lsing him.
失去他的情况她想都不敢想。
【答案】①unbearable stillness and quiet ②bear the thught f
4. break ut
原文：The cries f wmen brke ut; the men lked at each ther, but were silent. 女人们开始尖叫；男人们面面相觑，却都一言不发。(教材P26)
◆突然开始，爆发
break dwn 出故障; 关系破裂，分解; 奔溃; 拆除;破除（障碍或偏见）
break ut 爆发，突然发生
break up （关系）破裂，分手，中止，打碎
break thrugh （取得）突破，冲破
break ff 突然停止
break f 放弃，改掉（习惯）
break int 闯入
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①It's taken a lng time t __________________ f my wn cnventinal training.
摆脱我自己的传统训练花了很长一段时间。
②They _______________ s that Jack can use the phne.
他们闯入了一间办公室，因为杰克需要使用电话。
= 3 \* GB3 ③Is it difficult fr an Asian entertainer t _______________ the United States?
对于一个亚洲艺人来说，想要冲出重围在美国打下一片天地是不是困难的事？
【答案】
①break ut ②break int an ffice ③break thugh
5. beynd ecnmical adj.经济的；节约的；合算的 ecnmy n. 经济；节约；理财 ecnmist n.经济学者
原文：… beynd in the distance, they heard the crash f falling rfs. …他们听到远处有屋顶坍塌的巨响。(教材P26)
◆adv. 在（或向）较远处；在另一边 prep. 在（或向）更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出…之外
beynd sb 超出某人的理解能力
beynd cntrl无法控制
beynd ne’s wildest dreams 某人做梦也想不到
beynd nes reach 在某人够不到的地方
beynd wrds 无法用语言形容
beynd cmprehensin 无法理解
【跟踪典例】
①Our success was far ________________________.
我们的成功远远超出了我们的估计范围。
②Their five-year relatinship was strained ____________________.
他们长达5年的关系紧张得超过了极限。
= 3 \* GB3 ③This was utterly ______________________.
这完全超出了她的理解力。
【答案】①beynd what we thught pssible②beynd breaking pint ③beynd her cmprehensin
6. rescue
原文：search and rescue dgs 搜救犬 (教材P27)
◆n. & vt. 救援，营救，抢救
(1)rescue sb frm 从… 营救某人
rescue sth frm 使某物免于…
(2) cme/ g t sb’s rescue 前来/去救某人
a rescue attempt/peratin 一次营救行动
a muntain rescue team 高山救援队
rescue wrkers/bats/helicpters 救援人员/船只/直升机
①He rescued a child frm drwning.
他救起了一名落水儿童。
②A wealthy benefactr came t their rescue with a generus dnatin.
一位富有的赞助人慷慨解囊挽救了他们。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①Yu __________________ an embarrassing situatin.
我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。
②Ten fishermen were saved in _____________________.
在一次惊心动魄的海上营救行动中，十名渔民获救。
【答案】①rescued me frm ②a daring sea rescue
7. alng with
原文：Trading ships bringing imprts t the city r carrying exprts verseas, alng with glden pleasure bats fr the rich, were crwded tgether in the glassy water f the prt. 进口货物到城内，出口货物到海外的商船，以及富贵人家金灿灿的游船，齐聚在港口波光粼粼的水面上。(教材P25)
【句式分析】
alng with= tgether with.连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。类似的用法还有：as well as, with, but, rather than, except等。
①The teacher, alng with his students, is reading a nvel.
老师和他的学生们正在读一本小说。
②A farmer tgether with sme wrkers is abut t help us.
一个农民和几个工人即将来帮助我们。
③Jack as well as her parents is ging t Lndn next week.
杰克和他的父母下周要去伦敦。
【跟踪典例】用所给词的适当形式填空
1. A library with 5,000 bks ______________ (be) ffered t the schl.
2. Halen, as well as his brthers, ______________ (g) abrad already.
【答案】1. was 2. has gne
8. as if 引导的虚拟语气
原文：Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完;(教材P27)
本句是引导的让步状语从句，as if/ as thugh 意思是 “好像，似乎”。若引导的从句表示非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。具体形式如下：
当从句表示与现在的事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时，be 动词用 were
当从句表示与过去的事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时 （had dne）
当从句表示与将来的事情相反，谓语动词用“wuld/ culd/ might+ 动词原形”
①They treat me as thugh I were a stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
②He pened his muth as if he wuld say smething．
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
③He talks abut Rme as if he had been there befre．
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。
【跟踪典例】
①He talks as if_______________ where she was．
他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。
②The girl listened as if she__________________________．
那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，像已经变成了石头似的
③It lks as if_____________________．
看来好像要下雪了。
【答案】 ①he knew
②had been turned t stne
③it might snw
【巩固练习】
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 单词拼写
1. Our luggage was checked all the way thrugh t ur final d___________.
2. We i___________ raw materials and energy and exprt mainly industrial prducts.
3. The v___________ erupted, raining ht ash ver a wide area.
4. The heat in the factry was u___________.
5. We watched the explsin frm a safe ___________ (距离).
6. Mrnings in ur huse always fllw a set ___________ (模式).
7. Her cnditin tk a ___________ (急剧的) turn fr the wrse.
8. Try t ___________ (找到…的准确位置) exactly where the smells are entering the rm.
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. The ___________ (erupt) f an active vlcan is a terrible phenmenn.
2. Our next class will take the frm ___________ a debate.
3. N ne has the right t break ___________ his neighbr's huse.
4. Her manner was cld and ___________ (distance).
5. Stay where yu are, we'll cme ___________ rescue yu!
6. I culd pinpint his precise ___________ (lcate) n a map.
7. Jim, tgether with his classmates, ___________ (see) the film.
8. D nt stand and stare at me as if yu ___________ (be) glued t the spt.
答案：
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. destinatin 2. imprt 3.vlcan 4. unbearable
5. distance 6. pattern 7. sharp 8. lcate
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. eruptin 2. f 3. int 4. distant
5. rescue 6. lcatin 7. has seen 8. were
【课堂检测】
七选五
Anger is the mst destructive emtin. It will destry all yur gd intentins. （1） ______ They will fail t achieve mre ften than thse wh are pleasant, calm, and relaxed. What can be dne t prevent anger frm ruining ur lives？ Here are several ways that yu can treat anger.
（ 2） ______ Yu have t accept that smetimes things d g wrng, and that peple are nt always lvely. Realizing that n ne is perfect is a gd start t aviding getting angry. Als, yu need t accept that nt everyne has the same standard as yu, nr will they behave in the same way that yu wuld d in a given situatin.（3） ______
Stp trying t manage yur anger. Anger management used t be prmted as a way f dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is suppressed.（4） ______ Once yu knw why yu get mad, then it is pssible t deal with the cause. Taking psitive steps twards slving the underlying prblem will help yu vercme feelings f anger.
Dn't take the easy way when yu get angry. We all get tempted t thrw smething, hit smething （r even smene）， r scream when we are angry. Yu might say yu feel better after an angry utburst, but that is just the after-effect f the adrenalin（肾上腺素）.（5） ______ It is much harder t stay calm, t walk away frm cnflict, r t take a deep breath and act nrmally. That, hwever, is what yu must d if yu are t stp anger frm becming yur master.
A. A reactin like that is the easy way.
B. Angry peple are hard t be successful.
C. Change yur attitude t the way the wrld wrks.
D. Recgnize that anger is smething yu can cntrl.
E. Often anger is partnered by ther destructive emtins.
F. This applies t wrk, day-t-day life, and relatinships.
G. A much better way f facing up t anger is t find ut the rt cause.
答案：
1. B. 细节理解题。根据后一句"They will fail t achieve mre ften than thse wh are pleasant, calm, and relaxed. 他们比那些令人愉快、冷静和放松的人更容易失败。"可知失败和成功正好相对，所以"B. Angry peple are hard t be successful. 愤怒的人很难成功。"符合语境。故选B。
2. C. 细节理解题。根据后一句"Yu have t accept that smetimes things d g wrng,and that peple are nt always lvely. 你必须接受这样一个事实：有时事情的确会出错，人们并不总是那么可爱。"可知你要认清一个事实"，改变你原来的态度，所以"C. Change yur attitude t the way the wrld wrks.改变你对世界运作方式的态度。"符合语境。故选C。
3. F. 推理判断题。根据前一句"Als,yu need t accept that nt everyne has the same standard as yu, nr will they behave in the same way that yu wuld d in a given situatin.另外，你需要接受这样一个事实：不是每个人都有和你一样的标准，他们的行为方式也不会和你在特定情况下的行为方式一样"可知这是生活中的实际情况，所以"F. This applies t wrk, day-t-day life, and relatinships.这适用于工作、日常生活和人际关系。"符合语境。故选F。
4. G. 推理判断题。根据后一句"Once yu knw why yu get mad,then it is pssible t deal with the cause. Taking psitive steps twards slving the underlying prblem will help yu vercme feelings f anger.一旦你知道为什么你会生气，那么就有可能解决这个问题。采取积极的步骤来解决潜在的问题会帮助你克服愤怒的情绪。"可知要找到生气的原因，所以"G. A much better way f facing up t anger is t find ut the rt cause.面对愤怒的一个更好的方法是找出根源。"符合语境。故选G。
5. A. 细节理解题。根据后一句"It is much harder t stay calm,t walk away frm cnflict, r t take a deep breath and act nrmally. 保持冷静、远离冲突、深呼吸并正常行动要困难得多。"可知后面说的是复杂的事情"，那么前面就说的是简单的事情，所以A. A reactin like that is the easy way.这样的反应很简单。"符合语境。故选A。
【要点回顾】
【温故知新】
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 阅读理解
A
A junir at Lyla High Schl in Ls Angeles, Adam Faze, 16， decided in Octber t rganize a film festival. "I want t g t film schl and wrk in the industry, but Lyla has nthing like that, which is strange because we're right here in LA（a part f the city is Hllywd where films are made），" he said. "S instead f sitting arund and feeling unhappy, I decided t d smething."
The schl was unenthusiastic. "Every year, students apprach me with many prjects that are really difficult t carry ut," said Lance Ochsner, Adam's adviser." I thught it wuldn't happen, but I gave him the g-ahead anyway."
Adam sent letters and made cld calls, and gt n respnse. By January, he had little mre than a single participant： Jrdan Rberts, the father f a friend and a writer-directr. （Mr. Rberts had agreed t serve as a festival judge.）
Then Adam lked thrugh a catalg fr Lyla's annual mney-raising event and nticed that smene had dnated（捐赠）tw tickets t a Sny mvie premiere （the first public perfrmance f a mvie）. That persn turned ut t be an Oscar campaigner. By wrking the cnnectin, he managed t line up a festival speaker： Michael De Luca, a three-time Oscar nminee（smene wh has been fficially suggested fr the prize f Oscar） fr prducing films like "The Scial Netwrk".
"Adam's energy, enthusiasm and fearlessness are infectius," Mr. De Luca wrte in an email. "I wish I had dne this at my high schl!" Adam gt a lcal newspaper t write an article abut Mr. De Luca's invlvement, and that started a spnsrship and submissin（赞助和作品提交）wildfire.
The Lyla Film Festival is set fr Saturday and advertised as "the best in student filmmaking". It will feature 72 films in fur categries.
But Adam is already fcused n his next plan. In an email t a reprter, he wrte, "Culd yu mentin that I'm still lking fr a summer internship（实习）?"
1. Adam hped that his high schl culd _______.
A. make sme new films
B. get invlved in film activities
C. encurage students t watch films
D. allw students t enter film festivals
2. What was Lance Ochsner's attitude twards Adam's plan?
A. Curius.B. Surprised.C. Dubtful.D. Satisfied.
3. Hw did Adam knw f Michael De Luca?
A. Frm a letter.
B. Frm a telephne call.
C. Frm the father f a friend.
D. Frm a dnatin list f Lyla's.
4. What is the text mainly abut_________.
A. Hw a teen rganized a film festival.
B. Why the Lyla Film Festival is held.
C. A special high schl in Ls Angeles.
D. The persnal life f a 16-year-ld teen.
B
Grwing up, "family" meant smething very different t Bianca Jnes Marlin. Her bilgical parents prvided attendance t multiple children, giving Marlin the jy f having many brthers and sisters frm different backgrunds. On ccasins, she wuld stay up late listening t the stries frm their past hmes-stries filled with suffering and sadness. These stries had a lasting impact n Marlin. "There were stries f abuse, f nt getting the prper nutritin r prper care that a child wuld need," Marlin says. "Taking my passin fr science and what I've learned frm the stries, and putting them tgether is what I really want t d."
Tday as a neurbilgist, Marlin researches hw suffering can be passed dwn frm generatin t generatin. At Clumbia University's Zuckerman Institute, she studies the mlecular mechanisms f stresses in parents that can affect the brain structure and sensry experiences f their future generatins.
Marlin's investigatins examine a prcess knwn as epigenetic inheritance, in which bichemical markers acquired frm experiences r envirnmental cnditins can change hw ur genes are expressed inside f cells. In the case f the mice she wrks with, Marlin creates a stressful assciatin with a particular smell, which in turn increases the number f lfactry cells inside the mice's brains used t detect that specific smell. She then lks at whether r nt the children are brn with mre f these lfactry cells as a result f their parent's suffering. If that prves t be true, Marlin plans t find and ptentially even affect the epigenetic switches respnsible fr changing the children's bilgy r behavir-eventually imprving the utcmes fr the children.
"The passin f my wrk stems frm my desire t apply neurbilgy and the science f learning t understanding hw bth psitive and negative experiences in life influence brain health." says Marlin.
5. What is the main idea f Paragraph 1?
A. Marlin's interest in science.
B. Marlin's suffering in children.
C. The influence f the stries n Marlin.
D. The brief intrductin t Marlin's family.
6. What is the functin f lfactry cells?
A. T sense specific stress.
B. T lessen the mice's suffering.
C. T change epigenetic inheritance.
D. T discver sme particular smell.
7. What can be learned frm Paragraph 3?
A. Olfactry cells decrease in the mice in the test.
B. Marlin has imprved the utcmes fr the children.
C. Bichemical markers are likely t change gene expressin.
D. Parents' suffering can't be passed dwn t their children.
8. Where is the text prbably frm?
A. A science magazine.B. A travel jurnal.
C. An exhibitin guidebk.D. A literature review.
Ⅱ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Yuan Lngping realized that larger fields were nt the slutin. Instead, farmers needed t bst yields in the fields they had. Hw this culd be dne was a challenging questin at the time. Yuan 1.______ （cnvince） that the answer culd be fund in the creatin f hybrid rice. Hwever, whether it was pssible t develp a hybrid f self-pllinating plants such as rice was a matter f great debate. The cmmn 2. ______ （assume） then was that it culd nt be dne. Thrugh intense effrt, Yuan vercame enrmus technical difficulties t develp the first hybrid rice 3. ______ culd be used fr farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers 4. ______ （expand） their utput greatly.
B The theme park yu are prbably mst familiar 5. ______ is Disneyland, which can be fund in several parts f the wrld. Disneyland will bring yu int a magical wrld and make yur childhd dreams cme true. Travelling thrugh space, visiting a pirate ship, r meeting an 6.______ （ adre） fairytale r cartn character are all pssible at Disneyland. Of curse, Disneyland als has many exciting 7. ______ （ ride） t amuse yu, frm enrmus swinging ships t scary free fall drps. If yu want t have fun and mre than fun, cme t Disneyland.
C Just like spken language, bdy language 8. ______ （ vary） frm culture t culture. The crucial thing is using bdy language in a way that is apprpriate t the culture yu are in. Fr example, 9. ______ （ make） eye cntact-lking int smene's eyes-in sme cuntries is 10. ______ way t display interest. In ther cuntries, by cntrast, eye cntact is nt always apprved f.
答案：
阅读理解
A
【解题导语】这是一篇人物故事类阅读理解。文章主要讲述了高中生Adam Faze通过自身努力，成功为自己所在的Lyla高中组织起电影节的故事。
1. B. 细节理解题。根据第一段中A junir at Lyla High Schl in Ls Angeles, Adam Faze, 16， decided in Octber t rganize a film festival."I want t g t film schl and wrk in the industry, but Lyla has nthing like that, which is strange because we're right there in LA （a part f the city is Hllywd where films are made），" he said.（ 16岁的Adam Faze是洛杉矶Lyla高中的一名高三学生，他在10月份决定组织一个电影节。他说："我想去电影学校，然后在这个行业工作，但Lyla高中没有这样的机会，这很奇怪，因为我们就在洛杉矶---这座城市的一部分是好莱坞，电影就是在那里制作的。"）可知，Adam希望他的高中能参与电影活动。A. Curius好奇的；B. Surprised惊讶的；C. Dubtful怀疑的；D. Satisfied满意的，故选B。
2. C. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Every year,students apprach me with many prjects that are really difficult t carry ut," said Lance Ochsner,Adam's adviser."I thught it wuldn't happen,but I gave him the g-ahead anyway."（Adam的顾问Lance Ochsner说："每年，学生们都来找我，告诉我很多很难实施的项目。我以为这不会发生，但我还是同意了。"）可推知，Lance Ochsner对Adam的计划持怀疑态度。A. Curius好奇的；B. Surprised吃惊的；C. Dubtful怀疑的；D. Satisfied满意的，由此可知答案选C。
3. D. 细节理解题。根据第四段Then Adam lked thrugh a catalg fr Lyla's annual mney-raising event and nticed that smene had dnated tw tickets t a Sny mvie premiere（the first public perfrmance f a mvie ）. That persn turned ut t be an Oscar campaigner. By wrking the cnnectin, he managed t line up a festival speaker： Michael De Luca, a three-time Oscar nminee （smene wh has been fficially suggested fr the prize f Oscar） fr prducing films like "The Scial Netwrk".（然后，Adam在浏览L yla的年度筹款活动目录时，注意到有人捐赠了两张索尼电影首映式的门票。那个人原来是奥斯卡的竞选者。通过联系，他设法找到了一位在电影节上演讲的人：Michael De Luca。他因制作《社交网络》等影片而三次获得奥斯卡提名--官方已建议他角逐奥斯卡奖）可知，Adam是通过一份L yla的筹款目录认识Michael De Luca的。故选D。
4. A. 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段"The Lyla Film Festival is set fr Saturday and advertised as "the best in student film making 7. It will feature 72 films in fur categries.（ Lyla电影节定于周六举行，并被宣传为"学生制作7部最佳电影"。它将有72部影片参加4个奖项的角逐），然后结合文章主要讲述了高中生Adam Faze .通过自身努力，成功为自己所在的Lyla高中组织起电影节的故事，由此可知，文章的主要内容是一个青少年是如何组织电影节的。故选A。
B
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Bianca Jnes Marlin因为小时候受到来自不同背景兄弟姐妹的故事的影响，决定把对科学的热情和从故事中学到的东西结合起来，于是今天，作为一名神经生物学家，Marlin研究痛苦是如何代代相传的。文章介绍了她的研究过程以及她对自己工作的看法。
5. C. 段落大意题。根据第一段Grwing up, "family" meant smething very different t Bianca Jnes Marlin. Her bilgical parents prvided attendance t multiple children, giving Marlin the jy f having many brthers and sisters frm different backgrunds. On ccasins, she wuld stay up late listening t the stries frm their past hmes-stries filled with suffering and sadness. These stries had a lasting impact n Marlin. "在成长过程中对"家庭"有着截然不同的理解。她的亲生父母照顾了她的多个孩子，这让Marlin感到很高兴，因为她有很多来自不同背景的兄弟姐妹。有时，她会熬夜听他们过去的故事---充满痛苦和悲伤的故事。这些故事对Marlin产生了持久的影响。Marlin说："有关于虐待的故事，关于没有得到孩子所需要的适当的营养或适当的照顾的故事，把我对科学的热情和我从故事中学到的东西结合起来，这是我真正想做的。"）可知，第一段的主要讲的是故事对 Marlin的影响。故选C。
6. D. 细节理解题。根据第三段中 In the case f the mice she wrks with,Marlin creates a stressful assciatin with a particular smell,which in turn increases the number f lfactry cells inside the mice's brains used t detect that specific smell.（在她研究的老鼠身上，Marlin创造了一种与特定气味有关的压力，这反过来增加了老鼠大脑中用来检测特定气味的嗅觉细胞的数量）可知，嗅觉细胞的功能是发现某种特殊的气味。故选D。
7. C. 细节理解题。根据第三段中Marlin's investigatins examine a prcess knwn as epigenetic inheritance,in which bichemical markers acquired frm experiences r envirnmental cnditins can change hw ur genes are expressed inside f cells.（Marlin的研究考察了一种被称为表观遗传的过程，即从经验或环境条件中获得的生化标记可以改变我们的基因在细胞内的表达方式）"可知，生化标记可能改变基因表达。故选C。
8. A. 文章出处题。根据文章主要介绍了Bianca Jnes Marlin因为小时候受到来自不同背景兄弟姐妹的故事的影响，决定把对科学的热情和从故事中学到的东西结合起来，于是今天，作为一名神经生物学家，Marlin研究痛苦是如何代代相传的。文章个绍了她的研究过程以及她对自己工作的看法。可推知，文章可能选自科学杂志。A. A science magazine科学杂志；B. A travel jurnal游记；C. An exhibitin guidebk展览指导；D. A literature review文献参考，故选A。
语法填空
1. was cnvinced. 考查被动语态。句意：袁隆平相信，杂交水稻的发明可以找到答案。cnvince做及物动词，意为"使信服"，袁隆平和信服之间是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。故填was cnvinced。
2. assumptin. 考查名词。句意：当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。cmmn作为形容词后面应修饰名词，assume"假设"，名词形式为assumptin。故填assumptin。
3. that/which. 考查定语从句。句意：经过艰苦努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术困难，于1974年研制出了第一种可以用于农业生产的杂交水稻。分析句意可知此句为定语从句，横线处应填关系代词，并在从句中做主语，that/which符合题意。故填that/which。
4. t expand. 考查不定式。句意：这种杂交水稻能够使农民大幅度提高产量。enable sb. t d sth.固定搭配，意为"使某人能够做某事"，故填t expand。
5. with. 考查介词。句意：你最熟悉的主题公园可能是迪士尼，它在可以在世界上的几个地方找到。be familiar with固定搭配，意为"对…熟悉"，故填with。
6. adrable. 考查形容词。句意：在迪士尼乐园，你可以遨游太空，参观海盗船，见到可爱的童话人物或卡通人物。分析句意可知横线处要填一个形容词，adre的形容词为adrable,故填adrable。
7. rides. 考查可数名词复数形式。句意：当然，迪士尼乐园也有许多令人兴奋的游乐设施供你娱乐，从巨大的摇摆船到吓人的自由落体。exciting作为形容词后面修饰名词，ride作名词时为可数名词，故填rides。
8. varies. 考查动词单三形式。句意：就像口语一样，肢体语言也随着环境而变化。分析句意可知横线处为动词作谓语，bdy language做主语，谓语动词要用单三形式，故填varies。
9. making. 考查动名词。句意：例如，眼神交流--看着某人的眼睛--在一些国家是表达兴趣的一种方式。分析句意可知横线处为动名词做主语，故填making。
10.a. 考查不定冠词。句意：例如，眼神交流--看着某人的眼睛--在一些国家是表达兴趣的一种方式。way做可数名词，前面要加不定冠词a,故填a。
这是三篇小短文。第一篇介绍了袁隆平发明杂交水稻的起因、经过和结果。第二篇介绍了迪士尼主题公园值得去的原因。第三篇介绍了肢体语言会随着文化的变化而变化。
预习思考
预习第三单元Reading部分，为下节课的学习做好充分的准备。
授课时间：
学习目标
1. 掌握第二单元后半部分的核心词汇和句型；
2. 掌握这些词汇和句型在新高考中的应用。
教学内容
【进门测试】
建议5min
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nw many singers and bands have little t d with gd music. They knw little abut what gd music means. What is the cause？
Mst f these singers s far have1. （ see） music as a "jb" because it is a gd surce f 2. （make） mney. And if yu have a gd 3. （appear） and als riginal r expensive clthes t shw ff at yur cncerts then yur vice is nt 4. imprtant as it shuld be. The public will prefer t admire mre the mst interesting parts f yur bdy and even frget that yu are there 5. （shw） yur music skills, nt yur dancing, which is imprtant t, but nt at such a high level.
Therefre, many yung girls n TV chse t wear 6. mst prvcative （挑逗性的）clthes t catch attentin, but when it cmes t singing they are in a cmplete mess and ne desn't need t have an ear fr music t ntice their lack 7. talent.
Hwever, the yung generatin shuld understand talent and a gd vice matter mre in their musical career. All the 8. （perfrmance） that have little t d with gd music fail t be welcmed n stage. If a yung man has a great vice and wants t becme a 9. （success）singer, he shuld take sme special curses in this area, because they will help
（he）imprve singing abilities.
答案：
1. seen. 考查过去分词。句意：到目前为止，大多数歌手都把音乐视为一种"工作"，因为它是赚钱的好来源。see sth.as"把某事看作（视为）"，s far"到目前为止"，用于现在完成时，空格前有助动词have, see的过去分词是seen,故填seen。
2. making. 考查动名词。句意：到目前为止，大多数歌手都把音乐视为一种"工作"，因为它是赚钱的好来源。介词f后面用动词的ing形式作宾语，故填making。
3. appearance. 考查名词。句意：如果你有一个好的外表，也有原创或昂贵的衣服在你的音乐会上炫耀，那么你的声音就不是那么重要了。根据空格前a gd可以判断，此处应用单数名词appearance"外貌；外表"，故填appearance。
4. as. 考查副词。句意：如果你有一个好的外表，也有原创或昂贵的衣服在你的音乐会上炫耀，那么你的声音就不是那么重要了。as+ adj./ adv. +as…意为"和……一样"，表示同级的比较。第一个as为副词，通常修饰形容词或副词，第二个as为连词。故填as。
5. t shw. 考查不定式。句意：公众更喜欢欣赏你身体中最有趣的部分，甚至忘了你是来展示你的音乐技巧的，而不是你的舞蹈。分析句子可知，此处表示"你来这里"的目的，应用动词不定式，故填t shw。
6. the. 考查冠词。句意：因此，电视上的许多年轻女孩选择穿最具挑逗性的衣服来吸引眼球，但当谈到唱歌时，她们就一团糟了，不需要听音乐就可以发现她们缺乏才华。根据空格后mst prvcative, 此处为形容词最高级，前面需加定冠词the,故填the。
7. f. 考查介词。句意：因此，电视上的许多年轻女孩选择穿最具挑逗性的衣服来吸引眼球，但当谈到唱歌时，她们就一团糟了，不需要听音乐就可以发现她们缺乏才华。lack f"缺少；缺乏"，固定搭配，故填f.
8. perfrmances. 考查名词复数。句意：所有的与好音乐无关的表演都不受欢迎。perfrmance"表演；演出"，可数名词，前面有all修饰，应用复数形式，故填perfrmances。
9. successful. 考查形容词。句意：如果一个年轻人有一副好嗓子，想成为一个成功的歌手，他应该学习这方面的一些专门课程，因为这些课程将帮助他提高歌唱能力。此处作定语修饰名词singer,应用形容词successful"成功的"，故填successful。
10. him. 考查代词。句意：如果一个年轻人有一副好嗓子，想成为一个成功的歌手，他应该学习这方面的一些专门课程，因为这些课程将帮助他提高歌唱能力。此处作动词help的宾语，应用代词的宾格him,故填him。
【多元导学】
建议10min
What d yu knw abut the hurricane?
【互动精讲】
【知识梳理1】Grammar & Integrated skills核心词汇和句型
1. shck shcked adj.震惊的；震撼的 shcking adj.令人震惊的；可怕的，令人厌恶的；糟糕的
原文：As yu can imagine, it was a bit f a shck. 你可以想象，这有点令人震惊。 (教材20)
◆ n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt. 使震惊
(1) in shck 休克；处于极度震惊状态
culture shck 文化冲击
suffer frm shck 休克
(2) be shcked at 对……感到惊讶；震惊
be shcked that… 对…感到惊讶；震惊
shcking behaviur 骇人听闻的行为
shcking news 令人震惊的消息
①She still hadn't gt ver the shck f seeing him again.
竟然又见到了他，她到现在还惊愕不已。
= 2 \* GB3 ②We were all shcked at the news f his death.
听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊
③The huse was left in a shcking state.
那座房子破败得不成样子了。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
①It is ______________ that they invlved children in the crime.
令人发指的是，他们教唆儿童参与犯罪活动。
②Her death was ______________________ t us all.
她的死使我们所有人都感到非常震惊。
③I _____________________ she shuld frget me s quickly.
我很震惊，她竟然这么快就忘记我了。
【答案】
①shcking ②a great shck ③was shcked that
2. scare scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的 scared adj. 害怕的
原文：The strng wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me, 大风和大雨并没有吓到我, (教材P20)
◆vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 n. 恐慌；惊吓
(1)scare sb in t ding sth 恐慌某人做某事
scare away/ ff 把…吓跑
(2)be scared t death 被吓死；害怕的要死
be scared t d sth/ f ding sth 害怕做某事
be scared that… 害怕…
①We're afraid f failure, s we scare thers int cperating with us.
我们害怕失败，因此，我们就吓唬他人要跟我们合作。
②In high schl I was scared t death f yu.
高中时我怕你怕得要命。
= 3 \* GB3 ③Dn't be scared t learn smething new.
不要害怕学新东西。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
= 1 \* GB3 ①They will __________________ small birds.
它们会把小鸟吓跑。
②He lks _____________ but he's really a gentle giant.
他看上去可怕，实际却是个性格温和的巨人。
③Kelly ____________________ she wuld nt be able t g very far.
凯莉怕她走不了多远。
【答案】
①scare away ②scary ③was scared that
3. supply prvide/ ffer(同义词)
原文： Were yu afraid f running ut f supplies? 你是怕补给用完了吗? (教材P20)
◆n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt. 供应，供给，提供
(1)supply sb with sth/ supply sth t sb 提供给某人某物
(2)a gd supply f 大量的
in shrt supply 供应不足，短缺
supply and demand 供给和需求
(3) prvide sb with sth/ prvide sth fr sb提供给某人某物
ffer sb sth/ ffer sth t sb提供给某人某物
①We cannt guarantee adequate supplies f raw materials.
我们不能保证提供充足的原料。
②We supply the travel ticket t yu and yur cycle.
我们为您和您的自行车提供旅行票。
③Fd is in shrt supply all ver the cuntry.
食品在全国各地都供应不足。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
①There's usually __________________ resurces arund the twn center.
通常情况下城镇中心周围有相当好的资源供给。
②The cmpany decided t ___________ the lcal schls ____________ multimedia equipment.
The cmpany decided t ___________ multimedia equipment ____________ the lcal schls.
该公司决定向当地的学校提供多媒体设备。
【答案】①a gd supply f ②supply, with; supply ,t
4. dnate dnatin n. 捐款，捐赠物；捐赠 dnatr n. 捐赠者
原文：Many peple came t help, fd and clthes t charities. 许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。(教材P20)
◆捐赠，赠送；献（血）
(1) dnate… t… 把… 捐赠给…
(2) make a dnatin t 向…捐赠
a generus/large/small dnatin 慷慨/大量/少量捐助
rgan dnatin器官捐献
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
= 1 \* GB3 ①I think it wuld be better t ___________________ a temprary shelter fr the hmeless.
我觉得把钱捐给无家可归者的临时收容所更好。
②Wuld yu like t ___________________ ur charity appeal?
你愿意响应我们慈善团体呼吁来捐物吗？
【答案】①dnate mney t ②make a dnatin t
5. therwise
原文：…therwise the mving water culd wash the car away! …否则流动的水会把车冲走! (教材P23)
◆adv. 否则，不然；除此以外
r therwise或其他情况；或相反
and therwise 等等；及其他
true r therwise 真真假假
祈使句+therwise+陈述句
①My parents lent me the mney. Otherwise, I culdn't have affrded the trip.
我父母借钱给我了。否则，我可付不起这次旅费。
②Bismarck, therwise knwn as ‘the Irn Chancellr’
俾斯麦，亦称为“铁血首相”
③It was necessary t discver the truth r therwise f these statements.
有必要查证这些说法的真实性或虚假性。
【跟踪典例】
①We're cmmitted t the prject. We wuldn't be here ______________.
我们是全心全意投入这项工作的，否则我们就不会到这里来了
②It was necessary t discver the __________________ f these statements.
有必要查证这些说法的真实性或虚假性。
②Yu must wrk hard ______________ yu will lse yur place in the class.
你必须努力学习，否则你在班上的名次就保不住了。
【答案】①therwise ②truth r therwise ③therwise
6.curius curiusly adv. 好奇地 curisity n. 好奇，好奇心
原文：She was curius t see hw much water there was utside. 她很想看看外面有多少水。 （教材P23）
◆adj. 好奇的；奇特的
(1) be curius abut 对… 感到好奇
be curius t d sth 极想做某事
It’s curius that… 真奇怪…
(2) ut f curisity 处于好奇
with curisity/ curiusly 好奇地
meet/ satisfy ne’s curisity 满足某人的好奇心
①They were very curius abut the peple wh lived upstairs.
他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。
②It was curius that she didn't tell anyne.
她没有告诉任何人，这很反常。
③The letter wasn't addressed t me but I pened it ut f curisity.
那封信不是写给我的，然而我却出于好奇把它拆开了。
【跟踪典例】
①I ____________________ whether yu will take kindly t this new slutin.
我很好奇，想知道你是否会欣然接受这个新的解决方案。
②____________________, I read English stries everyday.
为了满足我的好奇心，我每天都看英语故事。
③"What are yu ding here?" asked Lisa ______________.
“你在这里做什么？”丽莎好奇地问。
【答案】①am curius t knw②T meet my curisity ③with curisity
7. 情态动词+have+ dne
原文： The hurricane must have caused a lt f damage and suffering. 飓风一定造成了很多破坏和痛苦。(教材P20)
【句式分析】
本句中“must have caused”是情态动词+have+dne结构，意为“过去肯定做过某事”，表示对过去肯定的推测。
情态动词+have+dne结构可表示对过去的推测和对过去的虚拟语气，其中表示对过去的推测的还有：
culdn't/ can’t have dne过去不可能做过某事
might have dne 过去有可能做了某事
might nt have dne过去有可能没做某事
表示对过去的虚拟语气的有：
shuld have dne过去本该做某事却没做
shuldn't have dne过去本不该做某事却做了
wuld have dne过去本想做但并未做
wuldn't have dne过去本不想做但发生了
need have dne过去需要做某事但却没做
needn't have dne过去不必做某事但却做了
【跟踪典例】
①He said I ___________________ smething bad t deserve it.
他说我肯定是罪有应得。
②They ___________________ it much mre earlier.
他们早就应该这么做了。
③Peter ___________________ it yesterday.
彼得昨天本不必做这件事。
④He ___________________ such a terrible thing as t keep yu waiting s lng.
他不可能做出这样糟糕的事，让你等这么长的时间。
【答案】①must have dne ②shuld have dne
③needn't have dne ④can't have dne
8. 现在分词作伴随状语
原文： Many peple came t help, fd and clthes t charities. 许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。(教材P20)
【句式分析】
本句中“dnating fd and clthes t charities”在句中作状语，伴随状语是指状语的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。“dnating”为现在分词，和其逻辑主语“many peple”是主动关系，即人们捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。过去分词(即dne) 则表示被动关系。
①All night lng he lay awake, thinking f the prblem.
他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
②The PE teacher std in the middle f the playgrund, surrunded by a grup f students.
那位体育老师站在操场中间，被一群学生围着。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①The dg entered the rm, ___________(fllw) his master
这条狗跟着主人进了屋。
②The master entered the rm, ___________(fllw) by his dg
主人进了屋，后面跟着他的狗。
【答案】①fllwing ②fllwed
9. 现在分词作后置定语
原文：I saw a nte frm Mr Li n the ffice dr saying he was in the meeting rm. 我在办公室门上看到一张李先生的便条，说他在会议室。(教材P21)
【句式分析】
本句中“saying he was in the meeting rm” 做“nte”的后置定语，意为“写着他在会议室的便条”。
定语是指起修饰限定作用的句子成分，多翻译为“... 的”， 后置定语，顾名思义，放在被修饰词后的定语。现在分词（ding）作定语， 多表主动和进行的含义。有别于过去分词(dne)，表被动含义。
①A rm facing the sea 一个面朝大海的房间 （房间面向大海，主动）
②A girl standing at the gate 一个正站在门边的女孩 （女孩站在门口，主动）
③A girl called lily 一个被叫做lily的女孩 (女孩被叫做lily，被动)
= 4 \* GB3 ④A machine invented by the scientists 一个被科学家发明的机器 (机器被发明，被动)
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①The bk _________ (write) by him sells well..
它写的书很畅销。
②The man __________ (talk) t my mm is my English teacher.
正在和我妈妈谈话的人是我的英语老师。
【答案】①written ②talking
【巩固练习】
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 单词拼写
1. Peple were swimming in the cean despite the h__________ warning.
2. The largest c__________ rm culd seat 5,000 peple.
3. Plitical p__________ depends upn ecnmic strength.
4. They are very generus givers t c__________.
5. The insurance __________ (基金) wuld inject $750 int the banks.
6. She repainted the __________ (在楼上的) rms and clsed ff the secnd flr.
7. We dn't want this __________ (文件) falling int the wrng hands.
8. The __________ (员工)in this shp are very helpful.
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. We were ___________ (shck) at the size f his debts.
2. He made a nise and scared ___________ the animals.
3. Fears that the wrld was abut t run ut ___________ fuel prved grundless.
4. His father will supply him ___________ travelling expenses.
5. Shut the windw, ___________ it'll get t cld in here.
6. They ___________ (d) it much mre earlier.
7. The dg entered the rm, ___________ (fllw) his master
8. Children ___________ (intrduce) t reading early develp strng verbal skills.
答案：
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. hurricane 2. cnference 3. pwer 4. charity
5. fund 6. dwnstairs 7. dcument 8. staff
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. shcked 2. ff 3. f 4. with
5. therwise 6. shuld have dne 7. fllwing 8. intrduced
【知识梳理2】Extended reading & Prject核心词汇和句型
1. erupt eruptive adj. 暴发的；喷出的 eruptin n. 爆发，喷发
原文：His classic nvel The Last Days f Pmpeii imagines life in the ancient Rman city f Pmpeii in the year 79, when Munt Vesuvius erupted. 在其经典小说《庞贝城的末日》中，他对公元79年维苏威火山爆发时，古罗马城市庞贝的生活场景展开了想象。(教材P25)
◆ （火山）爆发；突然发生
(1)erupt int sth/break ut 突然发生；爆发; 突然发出（尤指叫喊）
(2) an eruptin f despair. 一阵突然的绝望
an eruptin f vilent prtest 暴力抗议的爆发
①When Davis scred fr the third time the crwd erupted.
戴维斯第三次得分，观众欢声雷动。
②The eruptin f an active vlcan is a terrible phenmenn.
活火山爆发是一种可怕的自然现象。
【跟踪典例】 完成句子
①My father just ______________ fury.
我父亲勃然大怒。
②That led t _____________________, and big lsses in lcal electins this mnth.
这导致了公众忿怒的爆发和地方选举的大失败。
【答案】
①erupted int ②an eruptin f public anger
2. take the frm f
原文：It tk the frm f a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! 它形似一株巨树：树干，黑魆魆的；枝叶，那是火！(教材P25)
◆呈现…的形状；采取…的形式
(1)in the frm f 以…的形式
in frm 在形式上
a frm f 一种…的形式
fill in the frm 填写表格
(2) A plan frmed in my head. 一个计划在我的头脑中形成。
frm a line/queue/circle 排成一行/长列/圈
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①The training prgramme _________________ a series f wrkshps.
培训课程采取一系列研讨会的形式。
②Help ____________________ will be very welcme.
以钱的形式资助将十分受欢迎。
= 3 \* GB3 ③I didn't see enugh f the play t __________________ abut it.
我对这部戏剧了解得不够，说不出什么意见。
【答案】
①takes the frm f ②in the frm f mney ③frm an pinin
3. unbearable 比较级 mre unbearable 最高级 mst unbearable bear vt. 忍受,容忍 bearable adj. 可忍受的；支持得住的 unbearably adv. 不堪忍受地；无法容忍地
原文：…and nw again it burnt with an unbearable light! …放出刺眼的强光！(教材P26)
◆adj. 难耐的，无法忍受的
unbearable pain 难以忍受的痛苦
unbearably ht 酷热难当
bear the unbearable srrw 忍受那无法忍受的悲伤
bear/ stand/ put up with忍受,容忍
①The humidity was becming unbearable.
这种潮湿使人越来越难以忍受了。
②He can't bear being/ t be laughed at.
他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。
【跟踪典例】
①The city-dweller wh leaves fr the cuntry is ften ppressed by a sense f _____________________.
离开城市来到乡村的居民常常感到一种难以忍受的宁静和压抑。
②She culdn't ___________________ lsing him.
失去他的情况她想都不敢想。
【答案】①unbearable stillness and quiet ②bear the thught f
4. break ut
原文：The cries f wmen brke ut; the men lked at each ther, but were silent. 女人们开始尖叫；男人们面面相觑，却都一言不发。(教材P26)
◆突然开始，爆发
break dwn 出故障; 关系破裂，分解; 奔溃; 拆除;破除（障碍或偏见）
break ut 爆发，突然发生
break up （关系）破裂，分手，中止，打碎
break thrugh （取得）突破，冲破
break ff 突然停止
break f 放弃，改掉（习惯）
break int 闯入
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①It's taken a lng time t __________________ f my wn cnventinal training.
摆脱我自己的传统训练花了很长一段时间。
②They _______________ s that Jack can use the phne.
他们闯入了一间办公室，因为杰克需要使用电话。
= 3 \* GB3 ③Is it difficult fr an Asian entertainer t _______________ the United States?
对于一个亚洲艺人来说，想要冲出重围在美国打下一片天地是不是困难的事？
【答案】
①break ut ②break int an ffice ③break thugh
5. beynd ecnmical adj.经济的；节约的；合算的 ecnmy n. 经济；节约；理财 ecnmist n.经济学者
原文：… beynd in the distance, they heard the crash f falling rfs. …他们听到远处有屋顶坍塌的巨响。(教材P26)
◆adv. 在（或向）较远处；在另一边 prep. 在（或向）更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出…之外
beynd sb 超出某人的理解能力
beynd cntrl无法控制
beynd ne’s wildest dreams 某人做梦也想不到
beynd nes reach 在某人够不到的地方
beynd wrds 无法用语言形容
beynd cmprehensin 无法理解
【跟踪典例】
①Our success was far ________________________.
我们的成功远远超出了我们的估计范围。
②Their five-year relatinship was strained ____________________.
他们长达5年的关系紧张得超过了极限。
= 3 \* GB3 ③This was utterly ______________________.
这完全超出了她的理解力。
【答案】①beynd what we thught pssible②beynd breaking pint ③beynd her cmprehensin
6. rescue
原文：search and rescue dgs 搜救犬 (教材P27)
◆n. & vt. 救援，营救，抢救
(1)rescue sb frm 从… 营救某人
rescue sth frm 使某物免于…
(2) cme/ g t sb’s rescue 前来/去救某人
a rescue attempt/peratin 一次营救行动
a muntain rescue team 高山救援队
rescue wrkers/bats/helicpters 救援人员/船只/直升机
①He rescued a child frm drwning.
他救起了一名落水儿童。
②A wealthy benefactr came t their rescue with a generus dnatin.
一位富有的赞助人慷慨解囊挽救了他们。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①Yu __________________ an embarrassing situatin.
我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。
②Ten fishermen were saved in _____________________.
在一次惊心动魄的海上营救行动中，十名渔民获救。
【答案】①rescued me frm ②a daring sea rescue
7. alng with
原文：Trading ships bringing imprts t the city r carrying exprts verseas, alng with glden pleasure bats fr the rich, were crwded tgether in the glassy water f the prt. 进口货物到城内，出口货物到海外的商船，以及富贵人家金灿灿的游船，齐聚在港口波光粼粼的水面上。(教材P25)
【句式分析】
alng with= tgether with.连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。类似的用法还有：as well as, with, but, rather than, except等。
①The teacher, alng with his students, is reading a nvel.
老师和他的学生们正在读一本小说。
②A farmer tgether with sme wrkers is abut t help us.
一个农民和几个工人即将来帮助我们。
③Jack as well as her parents is ging t Lndn next week.
杰克和他的父母下周要去伦敦。
【跟踪典例】用所给词的适当形式填空
1. A library with 5,000 bks ______________ (be) ffered t the schl.
2. Halen, as well as his brthers, ______________ (g) abrad already.
【答案】1. was 2. has gne
8. as if 引导的虚拟语气
原文：Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完;(教材P27)
本句是引导的让步状语从句，as if/ as thugh 意思是 “好像，似乎”。若引导的从句表示非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。具体形式如下：
当从句表示与现在的事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时，be 动词用 were
当从句表示与过去的事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时 （had dne）
当从句表示与将来的事情相反，谓语动词用“wuld/ culd/ might+ 动词原形”
①They treat me as thugh I were a stranger.
他们待我如陌生人。
②He pened his muth as if he wuld say smething．
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
③He talks abut Rme as if he had been there befre．
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。
【跟踪典例】
①He talks as if_______________ where she was．
他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。
②The girl listened as if she__________________________．
那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，像已经变成了石头似的
③It lks as if_____________________．
看来好像要下雪了。
【答案】 ①he knew
②had been turned t stne
③it might snw
【巩固练习】
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 单词拼写
1. Our luggage was checked all the way thrugh t ur final d___________.
2. We i___________ raw materials and energy and exprt mainly industrial prducts.
3. The v___________ erupted, raining ht ash ver a wide area.
4. The heat in the factry was u___________.
5. We watched the explsin frm a safe ___________ (距离).
6. Mrnings in ur huse always fllw a set ___________ (模式).
7. Her cnditin tk a ___________ (急剧的) turn fr the wrse.
8. Try t ___________ (找到…的准确位置) exactly where the smells are entering the rm.
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. The ___________ (erupt) f an active vlcan is a terrible phenmenn.
2. Our next class will take the frm ___________ a debate.
3. N ne has the right t break ___________ his neighbr's huse.
4. Her manner was cld and ___________ (distance).
5. Stay where yu are, we'll cme ___________ rescue yu!
6. I culd pinpint his precise ___________ (lcate) n a map.
7. Jim, tgether with his classmates, ___________ (see) the film.
8. D nt stand and stare at me as if yu ___________ (be) glued t the spt.
答案：
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. destinatin 2. imprt 3.vlcan 4. unbearable
5. distance 6. pattern 7. sharp 8. lcate
Ⅱ. 单句语法
1. eruptin 2. f 3. int 4. distant
5. rescue 6. lcatin 7. has seen 8. were
【课堂检测】
七选五
Anger is the mst destructive emtin. It will destry all yur gd intentins. （1） ______ They will fail t achieve mre ften than thse wh are pleasant, calm, and relaxed. What can be dne t prevent anger frm ruining ur lives？ Here are several ways that yu can treat anger.
（ 2） ______ Yu have t accept that smetimes things d g wrng, and that peple are nt always lvely. Realizing that n ne is perfect is a gd start t aviding getting angry. Als, yu need t accept that nt everyne has the same standard as yu, nr will they behave in the same way that yu wuld d in a given situatin.（3） ______
Stp trying t manage yur anger. Anger management used t be prmted as a way f dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is suppressed.（4） ______ Once yu knw why yu get mad, then it is pssible t deal with the cause. Taking psitive steps twards slving the underlying prblem will help yu vercme feelings f anger.
Dn't take the easy way when yu get angry. We all get tempted t thrw smething, hit smething （r even smene）， r scream when we are angry. Yu might say yu feel better after an angry utburst, but that is just the after-effect f the adrenalin（肾上腺素）.（5） ______ It is much harder t stay calm, t walk away frm cnflict, r t take a deep breath and act nrmally. That, hwever, is what yu must d if yu are t stp anger frm becming yur master.
A. A reactin like that is the easy way.
B. Angry peple are hard t be successful.
C. Change yur attitude t the way the wrld wrks.
D. Recgnize that anger is smething yu can cntrl.
E. Often anger is partnered by ther destructive emtins.
F. This applies t wrk, day-t-day life, and relatinships.
G. A much better way f facing up t anger is t find ut the rt cause.
答案：
1. B. 细节理解题。根据后一句"They will fail t achieve mre ften than thse wh are pleasant, calm, and relaxed. 他们比那些令人愉快、冷静和放松的人更容易失败。"可知失败和成功正好相对，所以"B. Angry peple are hard t be successful. 愤怒的人很难成功。"符合语境。故选B。
2. C. 细节理解题。根据后一句"Yu have t accept that smetimes things d g wrng,and that peple are nt always lvely. 你必须接受这样一个事实：有时事情的确会出错，人们并不总是那么可爱。"可知你要认清一个事实"，改变你原来的态度，所以"C. Change yur attitude t the way the wrld wrks.改变你对世界运作方式的态度。"符合语境。故选C。
3. F. 推理判断题。根据前一句"Als,yu need t accept that nt everyne has the same standard as yu, nr will they behave in the same way that yu wuld d in a given situatin.另外，你需要接受这样一个事实：不是每个人都有和你一样的标准，他们的行为方式也不会和你在特定情况下的行为方式一样"可知这是生活中的实际情况，所以"F. This applies t wrk, day-t-day life, and relatinships.这适用于工作、日常生活和人际关系。"符合语境。故选F。
4. G. 推理判断题。根据后一句"Once yu knw why yu get mad,then it is pssible t deal with the cause. Taking psitive steps twards slving the underlying prblem will help yu vercme feelings f anger.一旦你知道为什么你会生气，那么就有可能解决这个问题。采取积极的步骤来解决潜在的问题会帮助你克服愤怒的情绪。"可知要找到生气的原因，所以"G. A much better way f facing up t anger is t find ut the rt cause.面对愤怒的一个更好的方法是找出根源。"符合语境。故选G。
5. A. 细节理解题。根据后一句"It is much harder t stay calm,t walk away frm cnflict, r t take a deep breath and act nrmally. 保持冷静、远离冲突、深呼吸并正常行动要困难得多。"可知后面说的是复杂的事情"，那么前面就说的是简单的事情，所以A. A reactin like that is the easy way.这样的反应很简单。"符合语境。故选A。
【要点回顾】
【温故知新】
= 1 \* ROMAN I. 阅读理解
A
A junir at Lyla High Schl in Ls Angeles, Adam Faze, 16， decided in Octber t rganize a film festival. "I want t g t film schl and wrk in the industry, but Lyla has nthing like that, which is strange because we're right here in LA（a part f the city is Hllywd where films are made），" he said. "S instead f sitting arund and feeling unhappy, I decided t d smething."
The schl was unenthusiastic. "Every year, students apprach me with many prjects that are really difficult t carry ut," said Lance Ochsner, Adam's adviser." I thught it wuldn't happen, but I gave him the g-ahead anyway."
Adam sent letters and made cld calls, and gt n respnse. By January, he had little mre than a single participant： Jrdan Rberts, the father f a friend and a writer-directr. （Mr. Rberts had agreed t serve as a festival judge.）
Then Adam lked thrugh a catalg fr Lyla's annual mney-raising event and nticed that smene had dnated（捐赠）tw tickets t a Sny mvie premiere （the first public perfrmance f a mvie）. That persn turned ut t be an Oscar campaigner. By wrking the cnnectin, he managed t line up a festival speaker： Michael De Luca, a three-time Oscar nminee（smene wh has been fficially suggested fr the prize f Oscar） fr prducing films like "The Scial Netwrk".
"Adam's energy, enthusiasm and fearlessness are infectius," Mr. De Luca wrte in an email. "I wish I had dne this at my high schl!" Adam gt a lcal newspaper t write an article abut Mr. De Luca's invlvement, and that started a spnsrship and submissin（赞助和作品提交）wildfire.
The Lyla Film Festival is set fr Saturday and advertised as "the best in student filmmaking". It will feature 72 films in fur categries.
But Adam is already fcused n his next plan. In an email t a reprter, he wrte, "Culd yu mentin that I'm still lking fr a summer internship（实习）?"
1. Adam hped that his high schl culd _______.
A. make sme new films
B. get invlved in film activities
C. encurage students t watch films
D. allw students t enter film festivals
2. What was Lance Ochsner's attitude twards Adam's plan?
A. Curius.B. Surprised.C. Dubtful.D. Satisfied.
3. Hw did Adam knw f Michael De Luca?
A. Frm a letter.
B. Frm a telephne call.
C. Frm the father f a friend.
D. Frm a dnatin list f Lyla's.
4. What is the text mainly abut_________.
A. Hw a teen rganized a film festival.
B. Why the Lyla Film Festival is held.
C. A special high schl in Ls Angeles.
D. The persnal life f a 16-year-ld teen.
B
Grwing up, "family" meant smething very different t Bianca Jnes Marlin. Her bilgical parents prvided attendance t multiple children, giving Marlin the jy f having many brthers and sisters frm different backgrunds. On ccasins, she wuld stay up late listening t the stries frm their past hmes-stries filled with suffering and sadness. These stries had a lasting impact n Marlin. "There were stries f abuse, f nt getting the prper nutritin r prper care that a child wuld need," Marlin says. "Taking my passin fr science and what I've learned frm the stries, and putting them tgether is what I really want t d."
Tday as a neurbilgist, Marlin researches hw suffering can be passed dwn frm generatin t generatin. At Clumbia University's Zuckerman Institute, she studies the mlecular mechanisms f stresses in parents that can affect the brain structure and sensry experiences f their future generatins.
Marlin's investigatins examine a prcess knwn as epigenetic inheritance, in which bichemical markers acquired frm experiences r envirnmental cnditins can change hw ur genes are expressed inside f cells. In the case f the mice she wrks with, Marlin creates a stressful assciatin with a particular smell, which in turn increases the number f lfactry cells inside the mice's brains used t detect that specific smell. She then lks at whether r nt the children are brn with mre f these lfactry cells as a result f their parent's suffering. If that prves t be true, Marlin plans t find and ptentially even affect the epigenetic switches respnsible fr changing the children's bilgy r behavir-eventually imprving the utcmes fr the children.
"The passin f my wrk stems frm my desire t apply neurbilgy and the science f learning t understanding hw bth psitive and negative experiences in life influence brain health." says Marlin.
5. What is the main idea f Paragraph 1?
A. Marlin's interest in science.
B. Marlin's suffering in children.
C. The influence f the stries n Marlin.
D. The brief intrductin t Marlin's family.
6. What is the functin f lfactry cells?
A. T sense specific stress.
B. T lessen the mice's suffering.
C. T change epigenetic inheritance.
D. T discver sme particular smell.
7. What can be learned frm Paragraph 3?
A. Olfactry cells decrease in the mice in the test.
B. Marlin has imprved the utcmes fr the children.
C. Bichemical markers are likely t change gene expressin.
D. Parents' suffering can't be passed dwn t their children.
8. Where is the text prbably frm?
A. A science magazine.B. A travel jurnal.
C. An exhibitin guidebk.D. A literature review.
Ⅱ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Yuan Lngping realized that larger fields were nt the slutin. Instead, farmers needed t bst yields in the fields they had. Hw this culd be dne was a challenging questin at the time. Yuan 1.______ （cnvince） that the answer culd be fund in the creatin f hybrid rice. Hwever, whether it was pssible t develp a hybrid f self-pllinating plants such as rice was a matter f great debate. The cmmn 2. ______ （assume） then was that it culd nt be dne. Thrugh intense effrt, Yuan vercame enrmus technical difficulties t develp the first hybrid rice 3. ______ culd be used fr farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers 4. ______ （expand） their utput greatly.
B The theme park yu are prbably mst familiar 5. ______ is Disneyland, which can be fund in several parts f the wrld. Disneyland will bring yu int a magical wrld and make yur childhd dreams cme true. Travelling thrugh space, visiting a pirate ship, r meeting an 6.______ （ adre） fairytale r cartn character are all pssible at Disneyland. Of curse, Disneyland als has many exciting 7. ______ （ ride） t amuse yu, frm enrmus swinging ships t scary free fall drps. If yu want t have fun and mre than fun, cme t Disneyland.
C Just like spken language, bdy language 8. ______ （ vary） frm culture t culture. The crucial thing is using bdy language in a way that is apprpriate t the culture yu are in. Fr example, 9. ______ （ make） eye cntact-lking int smene's eyes-in sme cuntries is 10. ______ way t display interest. In ther cuntries, by cntrast, eye cntact is nt always apprved f.
答案：
阅读理解
A
【解题导语】这是一篇人物故事类阅读理解。文章主要讲述了高中生Adam Faze通过自身努力，成功为自己所在的Lyla高中组织起电影节的故事。
1. B. 细节理解题。根据第一段中A junir at Lyla High Schl in Ls Angeles, Adam Faze, 16， decided in Octber t rganize a film festival."I want t g t film schl and wrk in the industry, but Lyla has nthing like that, which is strange because we're right there in LA （a part f the city is Hllywd where films are made），" he said.（ 16岁的Adam Faze是洛杉矶Lyla高中的一名高三学生，他在10月份决定组织一个电影节。他说："我想去电影学校，然后在这个行业工作，但Lyla高中没有这样的机会，这很奇怪，因为我们就在洛杉矶---这座城市的一部分是好莱坞，电影就是在那里制作的。"）可知，Adam希望他的高中能参与电影活动。A. Curius好奇的；B. Surprised惊讶的；C. Dubtful怀疑的；D. Satisfied满意的，故选B。
2. C. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Every year,students apprach me with many prjects that are really difficult t carry ut," said Lance Ochsner,Adam's adviser."I thught it wuldn't happen,but I gave him the g-ahead anyway."（Adam的顾问Lance Ochsner说："每年，学生们都来找我，告诉我很多很难实施的项目。我以为这不会发生，但我还是同意了。"）可推知，Lance Ochsner对Adam的计划持怀疑态度。A. Curius好奇的；B. Surprised吃惊的；C. Dubtful怀疑的；D. Satisfied满意的，由此可知答案选C。
3. D. 细节理解题。根据第四段Then Adam lked thrugh a catalg fr Lyla's annual mney-raising event and nticed that smene had dnated tw tickets t a Sny mvie premiere（the first public perfrmance f a mvie ）. That persn turned ut t be an Oscar campaigner. By wrking the cnnectin, he managed t line up a festival speaker： Michael De Luca, a three-time Oscar nminee （smene wh has been fficially suggested fr the prize f Oscar） fr prducing films like "The Scial Netwrk".（然后，Adam在浏览L yla的年度筹款活动目录时，注意到有人捐赠了两张索尼电影首映式的门票。那个人原来是奥斯卡的竞选者。通过联系，他设法找到了一位在电影节上演讲的人：Michael De Luca。他因制作《社交网络》等影片而三次获得奥斯卡提名--官方已建议他角逐奥斯卡奖）可知，Adam是通过一份L yla的筹款目录认识Michael De Luca的。故选D。
4. A. 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段"The Lyla Film Festival is set fr Saturday and advertised as "the best in student film making 7. It will feature 72 films in fur categries.（ Lyla电影节定于周六举行，并被宣传为"学生制作7部最佳电影"。它将有72部影片参加4个奖项的角逐），然后结合文章主要讲述了高中生Adam Faze .通过自身努力，成功为自己所在的Lyla高中组织起电影节的故事，由此可知，文章的主要内容是一个青少年是如何组织电影节的。故选A。
B
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Bianca Jnes Marlin因为小时候受到来自不同背景兄弟姐妹的故事的影响，决定把对科学的热情和从故事中学到的东西结合起来，于是今天，作为一名神经生物学家，Marlin研究痛苦是如何代代相传的。文章介绍了她的研究过程以及她对自己工作的看法。
5. C. 段落大意题。根据第一段Grwing up, "family" meant smething very different t Bianca Jnes Marlin. Her bilgical parents prvided attendance t multiple children, giving Marlin the jy f having many brthers and sisters frm different backgrunds. On ccasins, she wuld stay up late listening t the stries frm their past hmes-stries filled with suffering and sadness. These stries had a lasting impact n Marlin. "在成长过程中对"家庭"有着截然不同的理解。她的亲生父母照顾了她的多个孩子，这让Marlin感到很高兴，因为她有很多来自不同背景的兄弟姐妹。有时，她会熬夜听他们过去的故事---充满痛苦和悲伤的故事。这些故事对Marlin产生了持久的影响。Marlin说："有关于虐待的故事，关于没有得到孩子所需要的适当的营养或适当的照顾的故事，把我对科学的热情和我从故事中学到的东西结合起来，这是我真正想做的。"）可知，第一段的主要讲的是故事对 Marlin的影响。故选C。
6. D. 细节理解题。根据第三段中 In the case f the mice she wrks with,Marlin creates a stressful assciatin with a particular smell,which in turn increases the number f lfactry cells inside the mice's brains used t detect that specific smell.（在她研究的老鼠身上，Marlin创造了一种与特定气味有关的压力，这反过来增加了老鼠大脑中用来检测特定气味的嗅觉细胞的数量）可知，嗅觉细胞的功能是发现某种特殊的气味。故选D。
7. C. 细节理解题。根据第三段中Marlin's investigatins examine a prcess knwn as epigenetic inheritance,in which bichemical markers acquired frm experiences r envirnmental cnditins can change hw ur genes are expressed inside f cells.（Marlin的研究考察了一种被称为表观遗传的过程，即从经验或环境条件中获得的生化标记可以改变我们的基因在细胞内的表达方式）"可知，生化标记可能改变基因表达。故选C。
8. A. 文章出处题。根据文章主要介绍了Bianca Jnes Marlin因为小时候受到来自不同背景兄弟姐妹的故事的影响，决定把对科学的热情和从故事中学到的东西结合起来，于是今天，作为一名神经生物学家，Marlin研究痛苦是如何代代相传的。文章个绍了她的研究过程以及她对自己工作的看法。可推知，文章可能选自科学杂志。A. A science magazine科学杂志；B. A travel jurnal游记；C. An exhibitin guidebk展览指导；D. A literature review文献参考，故选A。
语法填空
1. was cnvinced. 考查被动语态。句意：袁隆平相信，杂交水稻的发明可以找到答案。cnvince做及物动词，意为"使信服"，袁隆平和信服之间是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。故填was cnvinced。
2. assumptin. 考查名词。句意：当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。cmmn作为形容词后面应修饰名词，assume"假设"，名词形式为assumptin。故填assumptin。
3. that/which. 考查定语从句。句意：经过艰苦努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术困难，于1974年研制出了第一种可以用于农业生产的杂交水稻。分析句意可知此句为定语从句，横线处应填关系代词，并在从句中做主语，that/which符合题意。故填that/which。
4. t expand. 考查不定式。句意：这种杂交水稻能够使农民大幅度提高产量。enable sb. t d sth.固定搭配，意为"使某人能够做某事"，故填t expand。
5. with. 考查介词。句意：你最熟悉的主题公园可能是迪士尼，它在可以在世界上的几个地方找到。be familiar with固定搭配，意为"对…熟悉"，故填with。
6. adrable. 考查形容词。句意：在迪士尼乐园，你可以遨游太空，参观海盗船，见到可爱的童话人物或卡通人物。分析句意可知横线处要填一个形容词，adre的形容词为adrable,故填adrable。
7. rides. 考查可数名词复数形式。句意：当然，迪士尼乐园也有许多令人兴奋的游乐设施供你娱乐，从巨大的摇摆船到吓人的自由落体。exciting作为形容词后面修饰名词，ride作名词时为可数名词，故填rides。
8. varies. 考查动词单三形式。句意：就像口语一样，肢体语言也随着环境而变化。分析句意可知横线处为动词作谓语，bdy language做主语，谓语动词要用单三形式，故填varies。
9. making. 考查动名词。句意：例如，眼神交流--看着某人的眼睛--在一些国家是表达兴趣的一种方式。分析句意可知横线处为动名词做主语，故填making。
10.a. 考查不定冠词。句意：例如，眼神交流--看着某人的眼睛--在一些国家是表达兴趣的一种方式。way做可数名词，前面要加不定冠词a,故填a。
这是三篇小短文。第一篇介绍了袁隆平发明杂交水稻的起因、经过和结果。第二篇介绍了迪士尼主题公园值得去的原因。第三篇介绍了肢体语言会随着文化的变化而变化。
预习思考
预习第三单元Reading部分，为下节课的学习做好充分的准备。
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