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U4上 教案 核心知识点梳理 (教师版） 高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册 （2022年）
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这是一份U4上 教案 核心知识点梳理 (教师版） 高中英语新牛津译林版必修第三册 （2022年），共20页。教案主要包含了unit，1.intended，1.t等内容，欢迎下载使用。
授课时间：
学习目标
掌握重要的词汇用法
掌握过去分词的用法
教学内容
【进门测试】
问选下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every Sunday after church,CJ and his grandma ride the bus acrss twn.
Dwn the bus stp,he watched the wipers mving against the windshield（挡风玻璃）f a nearby car. His friend Clby ____41____in, gave CJ a wave, and drve ff with his dad. “Nana, hw cme we dn’t get a car?” “By, what d we need a car fr? We’ve gt a bus that breathes fire, and Mr.Dennis,wh always has a ____42____ fr yu.”The bus came t a stp in frnt f them. It sighed and the drs____43____ pen.”What’s that I see?” Mr. Dennis asked. He ____44____ a cin frm behind CJ's ear, placing it in his hand. Nana laughed her deep laugh and pushed CJ alng.
At the next stp,a man gt n with a sptted dg. CJ ____45____ his seat. “Hw cme that man can't ____46____?” “By, sme peple watch the wrld with their ears,” Nana tld him. “Their ____47____, t,” the man said, “Yu ____48____ s gd tday, madam” Nana laughed her deep laugh.
“____49____ stp n Market Street,” Mr. Dennis called. CJ lked arund as he _____50_____ the bus. Crumbling（裂缝的）sidewalks，brken-dwn drs，and graffiti-tagged windws... “Hw cme it’s always s _____51_____ ver here? ”Nana _____52_____, pinting t the sky. “Smetimes when yu're surrunded by dirt, yu'll better _____53_____ what’s beautiful.”
CJ lked all arund again, at the bus _____54_____ the crner ut f sight, the brken streetlamps still shining bright and the stray-cat shadws mving_____55_____ the wall. When he sptted all f these, he said, “I'm glad we came.”
41. A. climbedB. cameC. drewD. drve
42. A. stryB. trickC. planD. game
43. A. remainedB. brkeC. crashedD. swung
44. A. earnedB. madeC. pulledD. shwed
45. A. cveredB. tkC. acceptedD. ffered
46. A. seeB. walkC. sitD. talk
47. A. eyesB. nsesC. handsD. muths
48. A. smileB. sundC. smellD. lk
49. A. LastB. NextC. AntherD. First
50. A. ran afterB. turned tC. stepped ffD. waited fr
51 A. ldB. dirtyC. prD. busy
52. A. frwnedB. reflectedC. shutedD. smiled
53. A. witnessB. destryC. frgetD. pardn
54. A. facingB. avidingC. rundingD. striking
55. A. thrughB. acrssC. utsideD. beneath
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B
【多元导学】
【互动精讲】
survival n. 生存, 存活; 残存物, 幸存事物
*Thanks t her discvery f qinghasu, malaria patients all ver the wrld nw have had a greatly increased chance f survival.
由于她发现了青蒿素, 世界各地的疟疾患者现在有了极大的生存机会。
*Several buildings in the twn have survived frm medieval times.
镇上有几座建筑物是从中世纪时期留存下来的。
*He survived the earthquake.
他在地震中幸存下来。
词块积累：
(1)survival n. 幸存; 残留下来的人(物)
survivr n. 幸存者
(2)A survive B (by. . . )A比B活得长(……)
survive sth. (经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存, 活下来
survive n靠……生存下来
即学活用：
(1)语法填空。
①Hw des the family survive n such a small mnthly wage?
②It’s said that the wman survived her husband by 10 years.
③Determining where we are in relatin t ur surrundings remains an essential skill fr ur survival (survive).
(2)句式升级。
After she had survived that night, she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.
→Having survived that night, she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right. (用现在分词短语作状语改写)
2. intend vi. &vt. 想要; 计划; 意指
*In the 1960s, many peple were dying f malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head f a team that intended t find a cure fr the disease.
在20世纪60年代, 许多人死于疟疾, 1969年屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长, 这个小组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。
*I intend yu t cme with me. 我打算让你和我一起去。
*We intend that prductin will start next mnth.
我们打算下个月开始生产。
*The prgram was set up with the intentin f prviding help fr hmeless peple.
设立这个项目的目的是为无家可归的人提供帮助。
【词块积累】
(1)intend ding/t d sth. 打算去做某事
intend sb. t d sth. 打算让某人去做某事
sb. intend(s) that =It is intended that 打算
(2)intended adj. 预期的, 有意的
be intended fr. . . 为……准备
(3)intentin n. 意图
with the intentin f. . . 怀着……的意图
即学活用：
①We intend ging/t g (g) t Australia next year.
②I didn’t intend her t see (see) the painting until it was finished.
③She had a firm intentin (intend) within herself t be the best swimmer.
(2)这本词典专为高中生量身打造。(be intended fr)
译文: The dictinary is intended fr senir high schl students.
3. inspire vt. 鼓舞; 激励; 启发思考
*Inspired by an ver 1, 600-year-ld text abut preparing qingha extract with cld water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a lw temperature in rder nt t damage its effective part.
据一本1 600多年前的古籍记载, 古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物, 受此启发, 屠呦呦重新设计了实验, 为了不破坏其(抗疟的)有效成分, 她尝试在低温下提取。
*Hw d yu inspire yur students t d their best?
你如何激励你的学生们, 使他们发挥出最好水平呢?
*I inspired Tm with hpe. 我用希望激励汤姆。
*I can nt write withut inspiratin. 没有灵感我写不出东西。
【词块积累】
(1)inspire sb. t d sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire sb. with sth. 用……来激励某人
inspire sth. in sb. 激起某人某种情感
(2)inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的
(3)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的; 启发灵感的
(4) inspiratin n. 灵感; 鼓舞
即学活用：语法填空
①The captain’s heric effrt inspired them with determinatin.
=The captain’s heric effrt inspired determinatin in them.
②His speech was s inspiring(inspire)that his students were inspired t study (study) harder than ever befre.
③Inspired(inspire) by my gd friend, I intended t study abrad.
limited adj. 有限的
*Time is limited and let’s cme straight t the pint.
时间有限, 我们开门见山吧。
*The damage was limited t the rf. 损坏仅限于屋顶。
*We shuld set a limit t/n what ur children can d.
我们应该为孩子们能做的事设定一个限度。
*There is n limit t what yu can d if yu are hardwrking. 你如果努力的话, 成就无可限量。
【词块积累】
(1)be limited t 限定在……
limit. . . t. . . (=be limited t)把……限制在……内
limit sb. t (ding) sth. 限制某人(做)某事
(2)limit n. 限度; 限制 vt. 限制; 限定
beynd/ver the limit超过限度
within/withut limits 适度地/ 无节制地
set a limit t/n在……上设定限度
There is a/n limit t. . . ……是有/ 无限度的(t 是介词)
(3)limitless adj. 无限的
即学活用：
(1) 语法填空
① In my pinin, taking cellphnes with the students shuld nt be banned, but limited(limit) t certain areas.
②As we all knw, a persn’s life is limited, but knwledge is limitless. (limit)
③I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a limit t what I can d.
(2)In my pinin, yu had better set a limit t the expense f yur trip.
在我看来, 你们最好给你们的旅行费用定一个限度。
(3)T lse weight, he limits himself t three cups f milk and several fruits a day.
为了减肥, 他限制自己一天只喝三杯牛奶, 吃几个水果。
beneficial adj. 有益的; 有用的
*Perhaps the next generatin f scientists, drawing n the wisdm f traditinal Chinese medicine, will indeed discver mre medicines beneficial t glbal health care.
也许下一代科学家利用中医的智慧, 确实会发现更多有益于全球卫生保健的药物。
*The mney is used fr the benefit f the pr.
这笔钱是用来造福穷人的。
*The rain will benefit the crps greatly.
这场雨对庄稼大有好处。
*I am sure everyne will benefit a lt frm this activity.
我相信每个人都会从这次活动中受益良多。
【词块积累】
benefit v. /n. 使受益/好处
benefit frm/by得益于……, 从……中受益
t ne’s benefit 对某人有益
be f benefit t=be beneficial t对……益处
fr the benefit f sb. =fr ne’s benefit 为了某人的利益
(1)语法填空。
①It is said that yga is f great benefit t human health. In ther wrds, we can benefit frm/by yga.
②In fact, music educatin is beneficial(benefit) and imprtant t all the students.
(2)Taking plenty f exercise can be f great benefit t (对……非常有好处) yur health.
(3)China has been pushing the refrm f public hspitals fr the benefit f(为了……的利益) all its citizens.
6. cnduct vt. /vi. 组织, 实施; 指挥; 引导; 举止; 传导n. 行为
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)T test the effect f scial influence n eating habits, the researchers cnducted tw experiments.
为了测试社会影响力对饮食习惯的影响, 研究人员进行了两个实验。
*S far we have cnducted a variety f activities n English learning.
到目前为止, 我们已经开展了各种各样的英语学习活动。
*The guide cnducted us arund the West Lake.
导游带我们游览了西湖。
*Make sure yu cnduct yurself as a gd neighbur shuld.
你一定要像一个好邻居一样行事。
*Cnfucius suggested a principle fr the cnduct f life “D nt d t thers what yu wuld nt want thers t d t yu. ”
孔子提出了“己所不欲, 勿施于人”的人生准则。
【词块积累】
(1)cnduct sb. arund. . . 带某人参观……
cnduct sb. t. . . 带某人去……
cnduct neself well/badly(行为)表现好/差
(2)cnductin n. 传导
cnductrn. 指挥, 售票员
(1)语法填空。
①The rchestra(管弦乐队)were all in psitin, waiting fr the cnductr(cnduct).
②Irn, being a metal, readily cnducts(cnduct) heat.
(2)写出句中黑体单词的汉语释义。
①His cnduct disagrees (不一致)with his wrds. (行为)
②T cnduct the study they chse 15 male dgs and 15 female nes aged between ne and six years. (进行)
③He cnducted himself far better than expected. (表现)
7. draw upn/n利用; 凭借; 依靠, 依赖; 临近
*Drawing upn mre than 1, 500 years f Chinese music, Twelve Girls Band mixes this rich traditin with classical, flk and cntemprary sunds.
凭借一千五百多年的中国音乐, 女子十二乐坊把这些丰富的传统与古典、民间和当代的声音融合在了一起。
*As the peple draw near they can hear the deep grwling rar. 人们走近时能听到深沉的轰隆声。
*It is imprtant t draw a cnclusin frm the facts.
从事实中得出结论很重要。
*They agreed t draw up a frmal agreement.
他们同意起草一份正式协议。
【词块积累】
draw near/clse (时间、空间的)临近
draw a cnclusin (frm. . . )(从……中)得出结论
draw ne’s attentin (t. . . )吸引某人的注意(……)
draw up 草拟
(1)写出下列句中draw upn/n的含义。
①Musicians ften draw upn their imaginatin fr cmpsing. 利用; 凭借
②I will draw upn yu fr help when necessary. 依靠
③The Cllege Entrance Examinatin is drawing n, s we must devte urselves t studying. 临近
(2)Scientists have drawn a cnclusin that smking is greatly assciated with lung cancer. 科学家们已得出结论: 肺癌与吸烟有很大的关系。
8. pint ut指出
*In her Nbel Lecture, Tu Yuyu referred t the strengths f bth Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and pinted ut that there is great ptential fr future advances if scientists make gd use f these strengths.
屠呦呦在诺贝尔奖演讲中提到了中医和西医的优势, 并指出如果科学家充分利用这些优势, 未来的发展潜力巨大。
*T me, this is a very thught-prvking argument, as it pints ut the benefits f nline friendships.
对我来说, 这是一个非常发人深省的论点, 因为它指出了网上交友的好处。
*He is pinting t the nrth. 他正在指向北方。
*Bb is pinting at a tree. Bb正在指着一棵树。
*She was n the pint f ging ut when the telephne rang.
她正要出去, 电话铃响了。
pint ut是由“动词+副词”构成的短语, 所以后面的宾语若是代词, 应把代词放在pint与ut之间。
【词块积累】
pint t 指向(强调方向)
pint at指向(强调目标), 指着
be n the pint f ding sth. when. . .
正要/即将……的时候/ 在……之际; 正要
(1)Mike asked me t pint ut (指出) the mistakes in his exercises.
(2)Nt far frm there, yu’ll see a signpst pinting t(指向) the twn yu want t g t.
(3)On the ne hand, the expert pinted ut the advantages f clning technlgy, but n the ther hand, he did nt supprt clning research.
一方面, 这个专家指出了克隆技术的优点; 但是另一方面, 他不支持克隆研究。
refer t查阅, 参考; 提到, 谈及, 提交; 指的是
*When they failed t prduce any prmising results, Tu referred t the ancient bks f traditinal Chinese medicine again.
当他们没有取得任何有希望的结果时, 屠呦呦再次求助于中医古籍。
*While giving the English speech, ne is nt allwed t refer t the ntes.
在进行英语演讲时, 不允许查阅演讲稿。
*The scientist referred t glbal warming at least three times in his speech.
这位科学家在演讲中至少三次提到全球变暖。
*The wrd “business” als refers t an rganizatin that prvides gds and services.
商业这个词也指提供商品和服务的组织。
*My clleague said that as the situatin was unusual, he wuld refer the matter t his editr.
我的同事说, 由于情况不同寻常, 他将把此事提交给他的编辑处理。
用所给单词或词块的正确形式替换黑体部分, 使句意保持不变。
mean, lk it up in, mentin
①In his speech, he referred t a recent trip t Canada. (mentined)
②When yu meet with a new wrd, yu can refer t a dictinary. (lk it up in)
③The term “multitasking” referred t a cmputer’s ability t carry ut several tasks at ne time. (meant)
speed up加速
*T speed up the prcess and ensure its safety, Tu and her team vlunteered t test the qingha extract n themselves first.
为了加快这一过程并确保其安全性, 屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿提取物。
*Make the rural ecnmy flurish and speed up urbanizatin.
繁荣农村经济, 加快城市化进程。
*The bat was n the inside f the huge whirlpl and we were ging rund in circles at great speed.
船在巨大的漩涡里, 我们正以极快的速度在漩涡里打转。
*The car is running at a speed f fifty kilmeters an hur.
这辆小车正以每小时50千米的速度行驶着。
【词块积累】
at full speed 以全速
at tp speed以最高速
at a speed f以……的速度
at the speed f light/sund以光速/声速
(1)语法填空。
①D yu knw the speed at which a rcket travels?
②Standing at the tp f the hill, we saw the train gradually speeded up and disappeared in the distance.
(2)The truck was travelling at a speed f(以……的速度) 50 mph.
(3)They drve t the hspital at tp speed(以最高速).
(4)After driving at high/great speed(以高速), Mark arrived at the destinatin half an hur early.
sb. /sth. is likely t d sth. (√)
sb. /sth. is pssible/prbable t d sth. (×)
likely既可用人又可用物作主语; pssible和prbable作表语时不能用人或物作主语。
(1)语法填空。
①If yu find smething yu lve ding utside f the ffice, yu’ll be less likely t bring(bring) yur wrk hme.
②It is likely that virtual reality will becme a part f mdern life in the near future.
(2)选词填空: pssible/likely/prbable。
①It is highly likely/pssible/prbable that he will take ver his father’s business.
②He is likely t make rapid prgress in English because he is studying hard.
③It is pssible fr yu t grw this flwer even in winter.
④Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely t be a Beethven.
11. Hwever, it was hard t prduce enugh qingha extract fr large trials because research resurces were limited.
然而, 由于研究资源和有限, 很难生产足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
【句式解构】
本句含有“It is+形容词十不定式”结构。其中It是形式主语, 不定式短语是真正的主语。
* It is hard t think f a wrld withut metals.
很难想象一个没有金属的世界(是什么样子)。
*It is cnsiderate f yu t see me ff.
你为我送行真体贴。
*It is tugh fr me t finish the task.
完成这项任务对我来说很难。
It is/was+adj. (fr/f sb. )+t d sth.
在“It is/was+adj. (fr/f sb. )+t d sth. ”结构中, fr前面的形容词通常是difficult, necessary, imprtant, quick, easy等, 这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而 f 前面的形容词常常是wise, kind, stupid, silly, bright, nice, gd等, 这些形容词常与人的性格特点有关。
【知识延伸】
It作形式主语的常见句型:
(1)It is+adj. +(fr/f sb. ) t d sth.
(2)It is+adj. /n. +that从句
(3)It is n gd/use ding sth. 做某事是没有好处/用处的
(4)It is+过去分词+that从句
(1)语法填空。
①Smetimes it may be helpful t use(use) examples t explain abstract cncepts.
②It’s kind f yu t lend me a hand.
③It is difficult fr the by t slve the prblem.
④ It’s n use arguing (argue) with her—she wn’t listen.
(2)句式升级。
①Yu are careless t make s many mistakes in the exam.
→It is careless f yu t make s many mistakes in the exam.
②He didn’t pass the exam and that’s a shame.
→It is a shame that he didn’t pass the exam.
【要点拾遗】
12. award n. 奖; 奖品; 奖金 vt. 授予; 颁发; 奖励
*Tu Yuyu has becme the first female scientist f the Peple’s Republic f China t receive a Nbel Prize, awarded fr her cntributin t the fight against malaria, ne f the deadliest diseases in human histry.
*They awarded the first prize t Jhn.
他们把一等奖授予约翰。
*Learning that he wn an award fr his album, the cmpser felt very prud f himself.
得知自己的专辑获奖后, 这位作曲家感到非常自豪。
【词块积累】
get/receive/win an award(fr. . . ) 因……获奖
give sb. an award 给某人颁奖
present an award颁奖
award sb. sth. =award sth. t sb. 授予某人某种荣誉
词语辨析award , reward与 prize
(1)award多指奖励、奖赏、奖品, 都与“荣誉”有关, 动词是“授予, 颁发”。
(2)reward含前缀re-“再、又”, 有“返还”之意。是“以回报的方式奖励、奖赏”, 因此常译为“回报、报答、酬谢”等。(a) reward fr(ding) sth. (做)某事的奖励
(3)prize指在比赛、竞赛中获得的奖; first prize一等奖
(1)语法填空。
①The Olympic winner received a gld medal as an award.
②It is within ur pwer t reward him fr his bravery.
③M Yan was awarded(award)the Nbel Prize in Literature in 2012, which made ne f the Chinese peple’s lngheld dreams cme true.
(4)He wn the award fr his excellent perfrmance.
他由于出色的表演而获奖。
(5)The winner was awarded a gld medal.
=A gld medal was awarded t the winner.
获胜者被授予了一枚金牌。
13. pay ff成功, 奏效, 达到目的; 还清
*The effrts f Tu and her team finally paid ff.
屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。
*He studied hard befre the examinatin, and it paid ff. He made an A. 他在考试前努力学习, 结果得到了回报。他得了A。
*Once we’ve paid ff the debts, we’ll we mney t n ne.
一旦我们还清了债务, 我们就不欠任何人钱了。
*Over 1, 000 wrkers will be paid ff if this factry clses.
如果这家工厂关闭, 一千多名工人将获得遣散费。
【词块积累】
pay ff
(1)用于pay ff sth. 或 pay sth. ff结构。
通常接accunt, debt, lan等作宾语。
(2)用于sth. pay ff结构。通常用effrt,
hard wrk, persistence等作主语。
(3)用于 pay sb. ff结构。
pay fr 支付; 为……付出代价
翻译句子。
①他们将在25年内还清债务。
They will pay ff their debts within 25 years. / Their debts will be paid ff within 25 years.
②辛勤的劳动没有白费。
Hard wrk pays ff.
语法讲解
一、动词-ed形式作定语
过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如: spken English (英语口语), iced beer (冰冻啤酒), cked fd (熟食), fried chips (炸土豆条)。
但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如biled water(开水), fallen leaves(落叶), the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
(1)前置定语。
单个的动词-ed形式, 一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
* The excited peple rushed int building.
(=the peple wh were excited)激动的人们冲进大楼。
*Lst time can never be fund again.
(=time which is lst)虚度的时光无法挽回。
(2)后置定语。
①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。
*Everything used shuld be marked.
所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
*Amng the peple invited were sme ladies.
被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。
*The bks left are fr my students.
剩下的书是给我的学生的。
② 动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动, 可改为带被动语态的定语从句; 不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词, 且不能后置)则表示完成, 可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。
*Is there anything planned fr tnight? (=that has been planned fr tnight)
今晚有什么活动吗?
*The meeting, attended by a lt f peple(=which was attended by a lt f peple), was a success.
这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。
*We drank sme biled(=which had biled) water and went n with ur wrk.
我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。
注意: 这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词, 改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。
二、动词-ed形式作状语
1. 过去分词作状语表示被动或完成, 但有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构, 作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有 lst (迷路), seated (坐), absrbed in (全神贯注于), dressed in (穿着), tired f (厌烦)等。如:
*Absrbed in deep thught, he didn’t hear the sund.
因为沉浸在思考之中, 所以他没听到那个声音。
2. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句, 在句中一般能作五种状语, 即时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语。如:
*Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨, 所以他全身湿透了。
(Caught in a heavy rain 相当于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain)
*Grwn in rich sil, these seeds can grw fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里, 这些种子能长得很快。
(Grwn in rich sil相当于条件状语从句If these seeds are grwn in rich sil)
点津
①当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时, 才可以把从句的主语省略, 且省略掉的主语与其逻辑谓语是被动关系或表示状态。
*When given a medical examinatin, yu shuld keep calm.
当你做体检时要保持镇定。
②把状语从句改为过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词, 构成“连词+过去分词”结构作状语, 即“while (when, nce, until, if, thugh等连词)+过去分词”结构。如:
*Thugh beaten by the ppsite team, the players didn’t lse heart.
尽管这些球员被对方球队打败了, 但他们并没有灰心。
三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
1. 能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词, 表示被动意义或已完成意义, 有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系, 即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
*My grandfather had his ld huse rebuilt.
我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。
*They fund all the guests gne when they wke up.
当他们醒来时, 发现所有的客人都走了。
2. 动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态, 原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
*I must get my bike repaired.
我必须请人修理我的自行车。(宾语补足语)
*The girl was fund beaten black and blue.
人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。(主语补足语)
(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括see, hear, watch, ntice, feel, find, think, suppse, cnsider等。
*We thught the game lst. 我们认为比赛输了。
*I have never heard him spken ill f thers.
我从未听过有人说他的坏话。
*They cnsidered the matter settled.
他们认为这问题解决了。
(2) 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hld等。
*I have my hair cut nce a mnth.
我每个月理一次发。
*He was trying t make himself understd.
他试图让别人明白他的意思。
“have+宾语+dne”结构有三个含义:
① (请人)把某事做完。
*She had her huse repaired. 她请人把屋子修好了。
*Where did yu have yur hair cut? 你在哪儿理的发?
②遭遇某种意外情况。
*He had his hat blwn away n his way hme.
在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
*She had her wallet stlen yesterday.
昨天她的钱包被偷了。
③完成某事 (自己也可能参与)。
*I have had all my spelling mistakes crrected.
我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
(3) 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, rder等。
*He wn’t like such questins discussed at the meeting.
他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。
*The students wish the TV serial plays cntinued.
学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。
(4) 过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
*The thief was brught in with his hands tied behind his back. 小偷被带进来了, 双手被反绑在背后。
即学活用
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空, 并与A—C的汉语翻译相匹配。
impress/pur/speak
A. 覆水难收 B. 流连忘返 C. 一言既出, 驷马难追
①Once spken, a wrd becmes a prmise. C
②Once pured, water cannt be taken back again. A
③Impressed by the beautiful scenery, I frgt t g back hme in time. B
(2)语法填空。
①Seen (see) frm the tp f the hill, the city lks beautiful t us.
②Given (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.
③Lking (lk) ut f the windw, I fund many children playing n the playgrund.
(3)翻译句子。
1.由于被妈妈所说的话感动, 我忍不住哭了起来。
Mved by what my mther said, I culdn’t help crying.
2.当问到他出生在哪里时, 约翰说他是纽约人。
When asked where he was brn, Jhn said he was a New Yrker.
用本单元所学的语法知识填空。
When a baby is in danger, its mther will be crazy and wrried. This is smething anyne can relate t, even thugh we are talking abut a mther elephant 1. separated(separate)frm her child.
A vide 2. recrding(recrd) the reunin between the elephant and her 8-mnth-ld baby in Kenya was ne f the mst impressive scenes. The baby fell inside a man-made hle and was unable t climb ut, accrding t the vide 3. released(release) by the Ambseli Trust fr Elephants. Despite the best effrts 4. made(make)by her desperate mther, the baby seemed helpless until a team f wrkers rushed 5. t help(help). They had t drive the verprtective mther away first, s that they culd get clse enugh 6. t rescue(rescue)the baby with rpes and a vehicle.
Luckily, the wrkers managed 7. t pull (pull)the baby t safety. What fllwed was a 8. tuching(tuch)scene. As sn as the baby was freed, it ran away acrss the plain. In the distance, the cries f her mther culd be heard as she came 9. running (run)frm the ppsite directin. The tw were reunited, 10. hugging (hug) each ther with their trunks.
【课堂检测】
牛津译林2020版必修三Unit4 Reading同步练习
一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词
We finished later than we （打算，计划）.
She agreed t emply me fr a (试用；试验) perid.
The cbra is ne f the wrld’s (致命的，致死的) snakes.
We are ding ur best with the (有限的) resurces available.
(共和国) have presidents wh are elected, rather than kings r queens.
There is (广泛的) supprt fr the gvernment’s plicies.
Many peple d nt like the idea f (实验，试验) n animals.
Mst (家庭) nw wn at least ne car.
These reasns are nt (足够的，充足的) t justify the ban.
The game has already been (推迟，延期) three times.
I questin the (明智) f giving a child s much mney.
If cancers are sptted early there’s a high chance f s .
I have prmised nt t r t the matter again.
It wuld take him the rest f his life t p ff that lan.
There are a lt f vitamins that are b t ur health.
Yu ntice that yur breathing has s up a bit.
Many drugs were fund thrugh trial and e .
He was nminated fr the best actr a .
The d f qinghasu enabled malaria patients t survive.
Laughter is the best m .
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
The writer clearly intends his readers (identify) with the mian character.
Sme peple feel that (experiment) n animals is wrng.
She is finding that her jb is nt limited t (be) a nurse.
It was an unppular decisin t pstpne (build) the new hspital.
She made n (refer) t her illness but nly t her future plans.
I have n (intend) f ging t the wedding.
This drink des nt (cntainer) any alchl.
The president (brad) gt what he wanted ut f his meeting.
She was the last (survive) member f the family.
The fllwing day she felt (sufficient) well t g t wrk.
I’m lder and (wisdm) after ten years in the business.
The new regulatins will be f (beneficial) t everyne cncerned.
The ntes are (intend) as an intrductin t the curse.
The pr child lks mre (deadly) than alive.
单句语法填空
These measures wuld make valuable (cntribute) t
(reduce) industrial accidents.
He is currently trial fr drunk driving.
They asked what his plans were after (graduate).
Thanks her skilful handling f the affair, the prblem was averted.
The party failed (win) the electin.
There is n simple slutin this prblem.
All my effrts ended in (fail).
In the past this prcess f transitin has ften prven (difficulty).
He was vted the mst (prmise) new actr fr his part in the mvie.
Aspirin is a simple but highly (effect) treatment.
We have already succeeded in (wrk) ut grund rules with the Department f Defense.
Jill vlunteered (rganize) a petitin.
In the meantime the war f nerves seems likely (cntinue).
She hpes t get a jb n the lcal newspaper and (eventual) wrk fr ‘The Times’.
Banks actively encurage peple (brrw) mney.
He drew his experience t train new teachers.
四、根据要求翻译句子
他被艺术学校录取了。（succeed in ding sth.）
她决心成为一名医生，她的坚持不懈终于带来了成功。（pay ff）
大多数被邀请参加会议的人是我的同事。（过去分词做后置定语）
当她不在时，她很高兴看到他的母亲被很好地照顾着。（过去分词做宾语补足语）
尽管受到了朋友的鼓舞，他对自己仍然没有信心。（过去分词做状语）
路上到处是落叶。（过去分词做定语）
他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。（with the intentin f）
通过反复试验，他终于明白它是如何运作的。（thrugh trial and errr）
答案
一 1.intended 2.trial 3.deadliest 4.limited 5.Republics 6.brad 7.experiments 8.husehlds 9.sufficient 10.pstpned 11.wisdm 12.survive 13.refer 14.pay 15.beneficial 16.speeded 17.errr 18.award 19.discvery 20.medicine
二 1.t identify 2.experimenting 3.being 4.building 5.reference 6.intentin 7.cntain 8.bradly 9.surviving 10.sufficiently 11.wiser 12.benefit 13.intended 14.dead
三1.cntributins, reducing 2.n 3. graduatin 4.t 5.t win 6.t 7. failure 8.difficult 9.prmising 10.effective 11.wrking 12.t rganize 13.t cntinue 14.eventually 15.t brrw 16.n
四1.He succeeded in getting a place at art schl.
2.She was determined t becme a dctr and her persistence paid ff.
3.Mst f the peple invited t the cnference were my clleagues.
4.She was glad t see her mther taken gd care f when she was away.
5.Inspired by his friends, he still has n cnfidence in himself.
6.The rad is/was cvered with fallen leaves.
7.He left England with the intentin f travelling in Africa.
8. Thrugh trial and errr, he finally fund ut hw it wrked.
A
1. Scenic landscapes n stamps: A nine-day tur in the cities f Xuzhu,Suqian and Huai'an in nrthern Jiangsu prvince.
This rute is assciated with lcal culture, characteristics, and creativity. It ffers a taste f the famus canal cities.
2.Life n the Grand Canal: A seven-day Jiangsu tur thrugh the cities f Nanjing, Suqian, Huai'an,Yangzhu and Suzhu.
This rute presents the mst authentic, ecnmic, cultural and entertainment-fcused activities alng the canal frm bth ancient and mdern times.I allws visitrs t ride in bats and bserve lcal fishermen fishing.
3.Fd,culture,leisure and health;Seven-day experience f lcal life in Zhenjiang Changzhu,Wuxi and Suzhu
T increase turists’ interest in the traditinal culture and crafts f Jiangsu, the rute will include pttery,embridery(刺绣), paper-cutting, cking and ther hands-n experiences. It includes scenic spts alng the Beijing-Hangzhu Gran Canal, ancient water twns, histrical streets and ancient fishing villages.Visitrs can jin in the recreatinal farmhuse experience and pick up bth fruits and vegetables
4．A walk int histry: Six-day tur in Xuzhu, Suqian,Huai’an,Yangzhu, Zhenjiang, Changzhu and Wuxi
The Beiing-Hangzhu Grand Canal runs thrugh the entire prvince and has been a part f Jiangsu's culture fr thusands f years. Inspired by the canal, the rute includes histrical cities Xuzhu, Suqian, Huai'an,Yangzhu alng with Zheniang Changzhu and Wuxi.
21. Which f the fllwing d the fur travel rutes share?
A A time duratin f less than a week.
B. Ancient twns in suthern Jiangsu.
C. The Grand Canal.
D. The city f Suqian.
22. Which rute is the best fr an in-depth turist wh wants t cver fewer cities with mre time?
A. Rute 1B. Rute 2C. Rute 3D. Rute 4.
23. What can yu enjy in the rute nly cvering Suzhu, Wuxi, Changzhu and Zhenjiang?
A. Rwing a bat.B. Trying n paper-cutting.
C. Grwing vegetables.D. Fishing with lcal villagers.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【温故知新】
B
When peple sit tgether at night and enjy the glrius mn, an ancient pem, Prelude t Water Meldy, is ften read fr this ccasin. Critics say it's prbably the best pem abut the Mid-Autumn Festival. Let's just fcus n its mst famus five lines t make sme analysis.
In the first tw lines f the five, the writer is cmparing the life f a man with the changing face f the mn. In Chinese culture the mn is always cnsidered t be a perfect carrier f emtins like nstalgia（怀旧）ad lnging fr family reunin. A full mn symblizes perfectin and unity, while a glmy night may remind peple f their frtunes. When the mn is rund and fair but peple are separated frm their lved nes, such mments can be even mre heartbreaking.
Befre the cmparisn, the pet actually cmplains abut the seemingly "ruthless（无情的）"mn and asks her: Yu shuld have n spite（怨恨）against man, but why, when peple part, are yu ften full and bright? Hwever, he sn realizes that n ne has an easy ride, just like the mn may nt always be bright. The imperfectins have been ging ne since the beginning f time. That’s why he says "There has been nthing perfect since the lden days."
But shuld we get bgged dwn（陷入）by the suffering f things with which we can't change? The pet gives his answer: Change yur attitude and stay psitive. S we have his everlasting line, "________." The pet hpes that peple appreciate the fact that n matter where they are, as lng as the nes they lve and miss are healthy and happy, they can all admire the same mn high in the sky.
T this day, peple still use this verse t express their gd will and wishes fr family members and friends wh can't be with them, especially during majr festivals.
24. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. Hw we can appreciate Chinese petry abut the Mid-Autumn Day.
B. When we must recite the best Chinese petry abut the Mid-Autumn Day.
C. What made a pet write the best ever Mid-Autumn Day Chinese pem.
D. Why a pem is the peak f Chinese petry abut the Mid-Autumn Day.
25. Why des the pet write "nthing is perfect since the lden day" in the pem?
A. He desn't understand why the mn hates humans.
B. He knws eventually the mn will becme full again.
C. He realizes life is always accmpanied by imperfectins.
D. He understands life is t ruthless and has lst his interest in it.
26. Which f the fllwing lines is the mst suitable fr the blank in Paragraph 4?
A. Hw lng will the full mn appear? Wine cup in hand I ask the sky.
B. Lking up,I find the mn bright; bwing, in hmesickness I'm drwned.
C. In spring the river rises as high as the sea; with the river's tide uprises the mn bright.
D. May we all be blessed with a lng life; miles apart, we’ll share the beauty, f the mn tgether.
27. We can infer frm this article that the authr
A. is a very ptimistic pet.
B. likes the first tw lines f the five mst.
C. appreciates the pet's ptimism in the pem.
D. believes a psitive state f mind is a must t a gd pet.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C
C
In 2009,Dr. Kathleen Wermke, wh studies babies' first sunds,and her clleagues made headlines with a study shwing that French and German newbrns prduce distinctly different"cry sunds". German newbrns prduce mre cries that fall frm a higher t a lwer pitch，imitating（模仿）the falling intnatin（语调）f the German language,while French babies tend t cry with the rising intnatin f French.At this age, babies experiment with a wide variety f sunds,and can learn any language.But they are already influenced by their mther tngue.Tday, Dr.Wermke's lab huses a cllectin f arund a half-millin recrdings f babies frm as far as Camern and China.
The analysis f these recrdings has prduced further insights int the factrs that e a baby's first sunds. Newbrns whse mthers speak tnal languages,such as Chinese, tend t prduce mre cmplex cry sunds. Swedish newbrns, whse native language has what linguists(语言学家)call a"pitch accent"，prduce mre sing-sngy cries.
Hearing and imitating are fundamental t language develpment. By the third trimester(妊娠期），a fetus(胎儿)can hear the rhythm and meldy f its mther's vice- knwn as"prsdy（韵律）".Since individual wrds are nt heard clearly， prsdy becmes the majr characteristic f language fr the fetus. Thrugh stress, pauses and s n, prsdy cuts up the sund int wrds and phrases-that is,int speech
These studies frm the basis fr the lab's brader effrt t map the typical develpment f a baby's cries. Knwing what typical develpment lks like, and what factrs can influence it, helps dctrs address ptential prblems early n and understand hw hearing prblems are affecting the babies' ability t imitate and experiment with language, and hw they are prgressing after treatment.
28. What is the study f Dr.Kathleen and her clleagues mainly abut?
A. Difference between languages.
B. The way peple cry in different cuntries.
C. Factrs abut babies' first sunds.
D. Similarities between babies' first cry.
29. Which f the fllwing languages sunds mre like a sng?
A. Chinese.B. German.C. French.D. Swedish.
30. Why d babies in different cuntries prduce different"cry sunds"?
A Their language learning ability is t lw.
B. They imitate their mther tngue even when crying.
C. They are fnd f playing with different ways f crying.
D. They like trying different kinds f sunds.
31. What can we knw frm this passage?
A. A child's language ability is mainly determined by its first cry.
B. The Chinese language is mre difficult t learn than the German language.
C. A fetus can already understand the majr meaning f its mther'slanguage.
D. Children with hearing prblems will have difficulty learning a language.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【康奈尔笔记法——5R笔记法】
5R笔记法，又叫做康奈尔笔记法，是用产生这种笔记法的大学校名命名的。这一方法几乎适用于一切讲授或阅读课，特别是对于听课笔记，5R笔记法应是最佳首选。这种方法是记与学，思考与运用相结合的有效方法。
1.记录（Recrd）
在听讲或阅读过程中，在记录栏（有称为主栏，及最大的一个区域）内尽量多记有意义的论据、概念等讲课内容。
2.简化（Reduce）
下课以后，尽可能及早将这些论据、概念简明扼要地概括（简化）在回忆栏，即副栏。
3.背诵（Recite）
把主栏遮住，只用回忆栏中的摘记提示，尽量完满地叙述课堂上讲过的内容。
4.思考（Reflect）
将自己的听课随感、意见、经验体会之类的内容，与讲课内容区分开，写在卡片或笔记本的某一单独部分，加上标题和索引，编制成提纲、摘要，分成类目。并随时归档。
5.复习（Review）
每周花十分钟左右时间，快速复习笔记，主要是先看回忆栏，适当看主栏，并在复习栏绘制这部分内容的知识思维导图。
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：2.简化（Reduce）3.背诵（Recite）
在这里学习内容的简化：解法提炼、学习提示
记忆栏：1.记录（Recrd）在这里记录课堂笔记：用简洁的文字、符号、记号记录课堂要点
复习栏：4.思考（Reflect）5.复习（Review）在这里用思维导图形式总结本节课的重难点
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：
记忆栏：
复习栏：
授课时间：
学习目标
掌握重要的词汇用法
掌握过去分词的用法
教学内容
【进门测试】
问选下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every Sunday after church,CJ and his grandma ride the bus acrss twn.
Dwn the bus stp,he watched the wipers mving against the windshield（挡风玻璃）f a nearby car. His friend Clby ____41____in, gave CJ a wave, and drve ff with his dad. “Nana, hw cme we dn’t get a car?” “By, what d we need a car fr? We’ve gt a bus that breathes fire, and Mr.Dennis,wh always has a ____42____ fr yu.”The bus came t a stp in frnt f them. It sighed and the drs____43____ pen.”What’s that I see?” Mr. Dennis asked. He ____44____ a cin frm behind CJ's ear, placing it in his hand. Nana laughed her deep laugh and pushed CJ alng.
At the next stp,a man gt n with a sptted dg. CJ ____45____ his seat. “Hw cme that man can't ____46____?” “By, sme peple watch the wrld with their ears,” Nana tld him. “Their ____47____, t,” the man said, “Yu ____48____ s gd tday, madam” Nana laughed her deep laugh.
“____49____ stp n Market Street,” Mr. Dennis called. CJ lked arund as he _____50_____ the bus. Crumbling（裂缝的）sidewalks，brken-dwn drs，and graffiti-tagged windws... “Hw cme it’s always s _____51_____ ver here? ”Nana _____52_____, pinting t the sky. “Smetimes when yu're surrunded by dirt, yu'll better _____53_____ what’s beautiful.”
CJ lked all arund again, at the bus _____54_____ the crner ut f sight, the brken streetlamps still shining bright and the stray-cat shadws mving_____55_____ the wall. When he sptted all f these, he said, “I'm glad we came.”
41. A. climbedB. cameC. drewD. drve
42. A. stryB. trickC. planD. game
43. A. remainedB. brkeC. crashedD. swung
44. A. earnedB. madeC. pulledD. shwed
45. A. cveredB. tkC. acceptedD. ffered
46. A. seeB. walkC. sitD. talk
47. A. eyesB. nsesC. handsD. muths
48. A. smileB. sundC. smellD. lk
49. A. LastB. NextC. AntherD. First
50. A. ran afterB. turned tC. stepped ffD. waited fr
51 A. ldB. dirtyC. prD. busy
52. A. frwnedB. reflectedC. shutedD. smiled
53. A. witnessB. destryC. frgetD. pardn
54. A. facingB. avidingC. rundingD. striking
55. A. thrughB. acrssC. utsideD. beneath
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B
【多元导学】
【互动精讲】
survival n. 生存, 存活; 残存物, 幸存事物
*Thanks t her discvery f qinghasu, malaria patients all ver the wrld nw have had a greatly increased chance f survival.
由于她发现了青蒿素, 世界各地的疟疾患者现在有了极大的生存机会。
*Several buildings in the twn have survived frm medieval times.
镇上有几座建筑物是从中世纪时期留存下来的。
*He survived the earthquake.
他在地震中幸存下来。
词块积累：
(1)survival n. 幸存; 残留下来的人(物)
survivr n. 幸存者
(2)A survive B (by. . . )A比B活得长(……)
survive sth. (经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存, 活下来
survive n靠……生存下来
即学活用：
(1)语法填空。
①Hw des the family survive n such a small mnthly wage?
②It’s said that the wman survived her husband by 10 years.
③Determining where we are in relatin t ur surrundings remains an essential skill fr ur survival (survive).
(2)句式升级。
After she had survived that night, she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.
→Having survived that night, she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right. (用现在分词短语作状语改写)
2. intend vi. &vt. 想要; 计划; 意指
*In the 1960s, many peple were dying f malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head f a team that intended t find a cure fr the disease.
在20世纪60年代, 许多人死于疟疾, 1969年屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长, 这个小组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。
*I intend yu t cme with me. 我打算让你和我一起去。
*We intend that prductin will start next mnth.
我们打算下个月开始生产。
*The prgram was set up with the intentin f prviding help fr hmeless peple.
设立这个项目的目的是为无家可归的人提供帮助。
【词块积累】
(1)intend ding/t d sth. 打算去做某事
intend sb. t d sth. 打算让某人去做某事
sb. intend(s) that =It is intended that 打算
(2)intended adj. 预期的, 有意的
be intended fr. . . 为……准备
(3)intentin n. 意图
with the intentin f. . . 怀着……的意图
即学活用：
①We intend ging/t g (g) t Australia next year.
②I didn’t intend her t see (see) the painting until it was finished.
③She had a firm intentin (intend) within herself t be the best swimmer.
(2)这本词典专为高中生量身打造。(be intended fr)
译文: The dictinary is intended fr senir high schl students.
3. inspire vt. 鼓舞; 激励; 启发思考
*Inspired by an ver 1, 600-year-ld text abut preparing qingha extract with cld water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a lw temperature in rder nt t damage its effective part.
据一本1 600多年前的古籍记载, 古人通过冷水制备青蒿提取物, 受此启发, 屠呦呦重新设计了实验, 为了不破坏其(抗疟的)有效成分, 她尝试在低温下提取。
*Hw d yu inspire yur students t d their best?
你如何激励你的学生们, 使他们发挥出最好水平呢?
*I inspired Tm with hpe. 我用希望激励汤姆。
*I can nt write withut inspiratin. 没有灵感我写不出东西。
【词块积累】
(1)inspire sb. t d sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire sb. with sth. 用……来激励某人
inspire sth. in sb. 激起某人某种情感
(2)inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的
(3)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的; 启发灵感的
(4) inspiratin n. 灵感; 鼓舞
即学活用：语法填空
①The captain’s heric effrt inspired them with determinatin.
=The captain’s heric effrt inspired determinatin in them.
②His speech was s inspiring(inspire)that his students were inspired t study (study) harder than ever befre.
③Inspired(inspire) by my gd friend, I intended t study abrad.
limited adj. 有限的
*Time is limited and let’s cme straight t the pint.
时间有限, 我们开门见山吧。
*The damage was limited t the rf. 损坏仅限于屋顶。
*We shuld set a limit t/n what ur children can d.
我们应该为孩子们能做的事设定一个限度。
*There is n limit t what yu can d if yu are hardwrking. 你如果努力的话, 成就无可限量。
【词块积累】
(1)be limited t 限定在……
limit. . . t. . . (=be limited t)把……限制在……内
limit sb. t (ding) sth. 限制某人(做)某事
(2)limit n. 限度; 限制 vt. 限制; 限定
beynd/ver the limit超过限度
within/withut limits 适度地/ 无节制地
set a limit t/n在……上设定限度
There is a/n limit t. . . ……是有/ 无限度的(t 是介词)
(3)limitless adj. 无限的
即学活用：
(1) 语法填空
① In my pinin, taking cellphnes with the students shuld nt be banned, but limited(limit) t certain areas.
②As we all knw, a persn’s life is limited, but knwledge is limitless. (limit)
③I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a limit t what I can d.
(2)In my pinin, yu had better set a limit t the expense f yur trip.
在我看来, 你们最好给你们的旅行费用定一个限度。
(3)T lse weight, he limits himself t three cups f milk and several fruits a day.
为了减肥, 他限制自己一天只喝三杯牛奶, 吃几个水果。
beneficial adj. 有益的; 有用的
*Perhaps the next generatin f scientists, drawing n the wisdm f traditinal Chinese medicine, will indeed discver mre medicines beneficial t glbal health care.
也许下一代科学家利用中医的智慧, 确实会发现更多有益于全球卫生保健的药物。
*The mney is used fr the benefit f the pr.
这笔钱是用来造福穷人的。
*The rain will benefit the crps greatly.
这场雨对庄稼大有好处。
*I am sure everyne will benefit a lt frm this activity.
我相信每个人都会从这次活动中受益良多。
【词块积累】
benefit v. /n. 使受益/好处
benefit frm/by得益于……, 从……中受益
t ne’s benefit 对某人有益
be f benefit t=be beneficial t对……益处
fr the benefit f sb. =fr ne’s benefit 为了某人的利益
(1)语法填空。
①It is said that yga is f great benefit t human health. In ther wrds, we can benefit frm/by yga.
②In fact, music educatin is beneficial(benefit) and imprtant t all the students.
(2)Taking plenty f exercise can be f great benefit t (对……非常有好处) yur health.
(3)China has been pushing the refrm f public hspitals fr the benefit f(为了……的利益) all its citizens.
6. cnduct vt. /vi. 组织, 实施; 指挥; 引导; 举止; 传导n. 行为
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)T test the effect f scial influence n eating habits, the researchers cnducted tw experiments.
为了测试社会影响力对饮食习惯的影响, 研究人员进行了两个实验。
*S far we have cnducted a variety f activities n English learning.
到目前为止, 我们已经开展了各种各样的英语学习活动。
*The guide cnducted us arund the West Lake.
导游带我们游览了西湖。
*Make sure yu cnduct yurself as a gd neighbur shuld.
你一定要像一个好邻居一样行事。
*Cnfucius suggested a principle fr the cnduct f life “D nt d t thers what yu wuld nt want thers t d t yu. ”
孔子提出了“己所不欲, 勿施于人”的人生准则。
【词块积累】
(1)cnduct sb. arund. . . 带某人参观……
cnduct sb. t. . . 带某人去……
cnduct neself well/badly(行为)表现好/差
(2)cnductin n. 传导
cnductrn. 指挥, 售票员
(1)语法填空。
①The rchestra(管弦乐队)were all in psitin, waiting fr the cnductr(cnduct).
②Irn, being a metal, readily cnducts(cnduct) heat.
(2)写出句中黑体单词的汉语释义。
①His cnduct disagrees (不一致)with his wrds. (行为)
②T cnduct the study they chse 15 male dgs and 15 female nes aged between ne and six years. (进行)
③He cnducted himself far better than expected. (表现)
7. draw upn/n利用; 凭借; 依靠, 依赖; 临近
*Drawing upn mre than 1, 500 years f Chinese music, Twelve Girls Band mixes this rich traditin with classical, flk and cntemprary sunds.
凭借一千五百多年的中国音乐, 女子十二乐坊把这些丰富的传统与古典、民间和当代的声音融合在了一起。
*As the peple draw near they can hear the deep grwling rar. 人们走近时能听到深沉的轰隆声。
*It is imprtant t draw a cnclusin frm the facts.
从事实中得出结论很重要。
*They agreed t draw up a frmal agreement.
他们同意起草一份正式协议。
【词块积累】
draw near/clse (时间、空间的)临近
draw a cnclusin (frm. . . )(从……中)得出结论
draw ne’s attentin (t. . . )吸引某人的注意(……)
draw up 草拟
(1)写出下列句中draw upn/n的含义。
①Musicians ften draw upn their imaginatin fr cmpsing. 利用; 凭借
②I will draw upn yu fr help when necessary. 依靠
③The Cllege Entrance Examinatin is drawing n, s we must devte urselves t studying. 临近
(2)Scientists have drawn a cnclusin that smking is greatly assciated with lung cancer. 科学家们已得出结论: 肺癌与吸烟有很大的关系。
8. pint ut指出
*In her Nbel Lecture, Tu Yuyu referred t the strengths f bth Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and pinted ut that there is great ptential fr future advances if scientists make gd use f these strengths.
屠呦呦在诺贝尔奖演讲中提到了中医和西医的优势, 并指出如果科学家充分利用这些优势, 未来的发展潜力巨大。
*T me, this is a very thught-prvking argument, as it pints ut the benefits f nline friendships.
对我来说, 这是一个非常发人深省的论点, 因为它指出了网上交友的好处。
*He is pinting t the nrth. 他正在指向北方。
*Bb is pinting at a tree. Bb正在指着一棵树。
*She was n the pint f ging ut when the telephne rang.
她正要出去, 电话铃响了。
pint ut是由“动词+副词”构成的短语, 所以后面的宾语若是代词, 应把代词放在pint与ut之间。
【词块积累】
pint t 指向(强调方向)
pint at指向(强调目标), 指着
be n the pint f ding sth. when. . .
正要/即将……的时候/ 在……之际; 正要
(1)Mike asked me t pint ut (指出) the mistakes in his exercises.
(2)Nt far frm there, yu’ll see a signpst pinting t(指向) the twn yu want t g t.
(3)On the ne hand, the expert pinted ut the advantages f clning technlgy, but n the ther hand, he did nt supprt clning research.
一方面, 这个专家指出了克隆技术的优点; 但是另一方面, 他不支持克隆研究。
refer t查阅, 参考; 提到, 谈及, 提交; 指的是
*When they failed t prduce any prmising results, Tu referred t the ancient bks f traditinal Chinese medicine again.
当他们没有取得任何有希望的结果时, 屠呦呦再次求助于中医古籍。
*While giving the English speech, ne is nt allwed t refer t the ntes.
在进行英语演讲时, 不允许查阅演讲稿。
*The scientist referred t glbal warming at least three times in his speech.
这位科学家在演讲中至少三次提到全球变暖。
*The wrd “business” als refers t an rganizatin that prvides gds and services.
商业这个词也指提供商品和服务的组织。
*My clleague said that as the situatin was unusual, he wuld refer the matter t his editr.
我的同事说, 由于情况不同寻常, 他将把此事提交给他的编辑处理。
用所给单词或词块的正确形式替换黑体部分, 使句意保持不变。
mean, lk it up in, mentin
①In his speech, he referred t a recent trip t Canada. (mentined)
②When yu meet with a new wrd, yu can refer t a dictinary. (lk it up in)
③The term “multitasking” referred t a cmputer’s ability t carry ut several tasks at ne time. (meant)
speed up加速
*T speed up the prcess and ensure its safety, Tu and her team vlunteered t test the qingha extract n themselves first.
为了加快这一过程并确保其安全性, 屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿提取物。
*Make the rural ecnmy flurish and speed up urbanizatin.
繁荣农村经济, 加快城市化进程。
*The bat was n the inside f the huge whirlpl and we were ging rund in circles at great speed.
船在巨大的漩涡里, 我们正以极快的速度在漩涡里打转。
*The car is running at a speed f fifty kilmeters an hur.
这辆小车正以每小时50千米的速度行驶着。
【词块积累】
at full speed 以全速
at tp speed以最高速
at a speed f以……的速度
at the speed f light/sund以光速/声速
(1)语法填空。
①D yu knw the speed at which a rcket travels?
②Standing at the tp f the hill, we saw the train gradually speeded up and disappeared in the distance.
(2)The truck was travelling at a speed f(以……的速度) 50 mph.
(3)They drve t the hspital at tp speed(以最高速).
(4)After driving at high/great speed(以高速), Mark arrived at the destinatin half an hur early.
sb. /sth. is likely t d sth. (√)
sb. /sth. is pssible/prbable t d sth. (×)
likely既可用人又可用物作主语; pssible和prbable作表语时不能用人或物作主语。
(1)语法填空。
①If yu find smething yu lve ding utside f the ffice, yu’ll be less likely t bring(bring) yur wrk hme.
②It is likely that virtual reality will becme a part f mdern life in the near future.
(2)选词填空: pssible/likely/prbable。
①It is highly likely/pssible/prbable that he will take ver his father’s business.
②He is likely t make rapid prgress in English because he is studying hard.
③It is pssible fr yu t grw this flwer even in winter.
④Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely t be a Beethven.
11. Hwever, it was hard t prduce enugh qingha extract fr large trials because research resurces were limited.
然而, 由于研究资源和有限, 很难生产足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
【句式解构】
本句含有“It is+形容词十不定式”结构。其中It是形式主语, 不定式短语是真正的主语。
* It is hard t think f a wrld withut metals.
很难想象一个没有金属的世界(是什么样子)。
*It is cnsiderate f yu t see me ff.
你为我送行真体贴。
*It is tugh fr me t finish the task.
完成这项任务对我来说很难。
It is/was+adj. (fr/f sb. )+t d sth.
在“It is/was+adj. (fr/f sb. )+t d sth. ”结构中, fr前面的形容词通常是difficult, necessary, imprtant, quick, easy等, 这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而 f 前面的形容词常常是wise, kind, stupid, silly, bright, nice, gd等, 这些形容词常与人的性格特点有关。
【知识延伸】
It作形式主语的常见句型:
(1)It is+adj. +(fr/f sb. ) t d sth.
(2)It is+adj. /n. +that从句
(3)It is n gd/use ding sth. 做某事是没有好处/用处的
(4)It is+过去分词+that从句
(1)语法填空。
①Smetimes it may be helpful t use(use) examples t explain abstract cncepts.
②It’s kind f yu t lend me a hand.
③It is difficult fr the by t slve the prblem.
④ It’s n use arguing (argue) with her—she wn’t listen.
(2)句式升级。
①Yu are careless t make s many mistakes in the exam.
→It is careless f yu t make s many mistakes in the exam.
②He didn’t pass the exam and that’s a shame.
→It is a shame that he didn’t pass the exam.
【要点拾遗】
12. award n. 奖; 奖品; 奖金 vt. 授予; 颁发; 奖励
*Tu Yuyu has becme the first female scientist f the Peple’s Republic f China t receive a Nbel Prize, awarded fr her cntributin t the fight against malaria, ne f the deadliest diseases in human histry.
*They awarded the first prize t Jhn.
他们把一等奖授予约翰。
*Learning that he wn an award fr his album, the cmpser felt very prud f himself.
得知自己的专辑获奖后, 这位作曲家感到非常自豪。
【词块积累】
get/receive/win an award(fr. . . ) 因……获奖
give sb. an award 给某人颁奖
present an award颁奖
award sb. sth. =award sth. t sb. 授予某人某种荣誉
词语辨析award , reward与 prize
(1)award多指奖励、奖赏、奖品, 都与“荣誉”有关, 动词是“授予, 颁发”。
(2)reward含前缀re-“再、又”, 有“返还”之意。是“以回报的方式奖励、奖赏”, 因此常译为“回报、报答、酬谢”等。(a) reward fr(ding) sth. (做)某事的奖励
(3)prize指在比赛、竞赛中获得的奖; first prize一等奖
(1)语法填空。
①The Olympic winner received a gld medal as an award.
②It is within ur pwer t reward him fr his bravery.
③M Yan was awarded(award)the Nbel Prize in Literature in 2012, which made ne f the Chinese peple’s lngheld dreams cme true.
(4)He wn the award fr his excellent perfrmance.
他由于出色的表演而获奖。
(5)The winner was awarded a gld medal.
=A gld medal was awarded t the winner.
获胜者被授予了一枚金牌。
13. pay ff成功, 奏效, 达到目的; 还清
*The effrts f Tu and her team finally paid ff.
屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。
*He studied hard befre the examinatin, and it paid ff. He made an A. 他在考试前努力学习, 结果得到了回报。他得了A。
*Once we’ve paid ff the debts, we’ll we mney t n ne.
一旦我们还清了债务, 我们就不欠任何人钱了。
*Over 1, 000 wrkers will be paid ff if this factry clses.
如果这家工厂关闭, 一千多名工人将获得遣散费。
【词块积累】
pay ff
(1)用于pay ff sth. 或 pay sth. ff结构。
通常接accunt, debt, lan等作宾语。
(2)用于sth. pay ff结构。通常用effrt,
hard wrk, persistence等作主语。
(3)用于 pay sb. ff结构。
pay fr 支付; 为……付出代价
翻译句子。
①他们将在25年内还清债务。
They will pay ff their debts within 25 years. / Their debts will be paid ff within 25 years.
②辛勤的劳动没有白费。
Hard wrk pays ff.
语法讲解
一、动词-ed形式作定语
过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如: spken English (英语口语), iced beer (冰冻啤酒), cked fd (熟食), fried chips (炸土豆条)。
但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如biled water(开水), fallen leaves(落叶), the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
(1)前置定语。
单个的动词-ed形式, 一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
* The excited peple rushed int building.
(=the peple wh were excited)激动的人们冲进大楼。
*Lst time can never be fund again.
(=time which is lst)虚度的时光无法挽回。
(2)后置定语。
①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。
*Everything used shuld be marked.
所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
*Amng the peple invited were sme ladies.
被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。
*The bks left are fr my students.
剩下的书是给我的学生的。
② 动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动, 可改为带被动语态的定语从句; 不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词, 且不能后置)则表示完成, 可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。
*Is there anything planned fr tnight? (=that has been planned fr tnight)
今晚有什么活动吗?
*The meeting, attended by a lt f peple(=which was attended by a lt f peple), was a success.
这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。
*We drank sme biled(=which had biled) water and went n with ur wrk.
我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。
注意: 这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词, 改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。
二、动词-ed形式作状语
1. 过去分词作状语表示被动或完成, 但有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构, 作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有 lst (迷路), seated (坐), absrbed in (全神贯注于), dressed in (穿着), tired f (厌烦)等。如:
*Absrbed in deep thught, he didn’t hear the sund.
因为沉浸在思考之中, 所以他没听到那个声音。
2. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句, 在句中一般能作五种状语, 即时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语。如:
*Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨, 所以他全身湿透了。
(Caught in a heavy rain 相当于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain)
*Grwn in rich sil, these seeds can grw fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里, 这些种子能长得很快。
(Grwn in rich sil相当于条件状语从句If these seeds are grwn in rich sil)
点津
①当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时, 才可以把从句的主语省略, 且省略掉的主语与其逻辑谓语是被动关系或表示状态。
*When given a medical examinatin, yu shuld keep calm.
当你做体检时要保持镇定。
②把状语从句改为过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词, 构成“连词+过去分词”结构作状语, 即“while (when, nce, until, if, thugh等连词)+过去分词”结构。如:
*Thugh beaten by the ppsite team, the players didn’t lse heart.
尽管这些球员被对方球队打败了, 但他们并没有灰心。
三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
1. 能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词, 表示被动意义或已完成意义, 有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系, 即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
*My grandfather had his ld huse rebuilt.
我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。
*They fund all the guests gne when they wke up.
当他们醒来时, 发现所有的客人都走了。
2. 动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态, 原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
*I must get my bike repaired.
我必须请人修理我的自行车。(宾语补足语)
*The girl was fund beaten black and blue.
人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。(主语补足语)
(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括see, hear, watch, ntice, feel, find, think, suppse, cnsider等。
*We thught the game lst. 我们认为比赛输了。
*I have never heard him spken ill f thers.
我从未听过有人说他的坏话。
*They cnsidered the matter settled.
他们认为这问题解决了。
(2) 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hld等。
*I have my hair cut nce a mnth.
我每个月理一次发。
*He was trying t make himself understd.
他试图让别人明白他的意思。
“have+宾语+dne”结构有三个含义:
① (请人)把某事做完。
*She had her huse repaired. 她请人把屋子修好了。
*Where did yu have yur hair cut? 你在哪儿理的发?
②遭遇某种意外情况。
*He had his hat blwn away n his way hme.
在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
*She had her wallet stlen yesterday.
昨天她的钱包被偷了。
③完成某事 (自己也可能参与)。
*I have had all my spelling mistakes crrected.
我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
(3) 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, rder等。
*He wn’t like such questins discussed at the meeting.
他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。
*The students wish the TV serial plays cntinued.
学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。
(4) 过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
*The thief was brught in with his hands tied behind his back. 小偷被带进来了, 双手被反绑在背后。
即学活用
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空, 并与A—C的汉语翻译相匹配。
impress/pur/speak
A. 覆水难收 B. 流连忘返 C. 一言既出, 驷马难追
①Once spken, a wrd becmes a prmise. C
②Once pured, water cannt be taken back again. A
③Impressed by the beautiful scenery, I frgt t g back hme in time. B
(2)语法填空。
①Seen (see) frm the tp f the hill, the city lks beautiful t us.
②Given (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.
③Lking (lk) ut f the windw, I fund many children playing n the playgrund.
(3)翻译句子。
1.由于被妈妈所说的话感动, 我忍不住哭了起来。
Mved by what my mther said, I culdn’t help crying.
2.当问到他出生在哪里时, 约翰说他是纽约人。
When asked where he was brn, Jhn said he was a New Yrker.
用本单元所学的语法知识填空。
When a baby is in danger, its mther will be crazy and wrried. This is smething anyne can relate t, even thugh we are talking abut a mther elephant 1. separated(separate)frm her child.
A vide 2. recrding(recrd) the reunin between the elephant and her 8-mnth-ld baby in Kenya was ne f the mst impressive scenes. The baby fell inside a man-made hle and was unable t climb ut, accrding t the vide 3. released(release) by the Ambseli Trust fr Elephants. Despite the best effrts 4. made(make)by her desperate mther, the baby seemed helpless until a team f wrkers rushed 5. t help(help). They had t drive the verprtective mther away first, s that they culd get clse enugh 6. t rescue(rescue)the baby with rpes and a vehicle.
Luckily, the wrkers managed 7. t pull (pull)the baby t safety. What fllwed was a 8. tuching(tuch)scene. As sn as the baby was freed, it ran away acrss the plain. In the distance, the cries f her mther culd be heard as she came 9. running (run)frm the ppsite directin. The tw were reunited, 10. hugging (hug) each ther with their trunks.
【课堂检测】
牛津译林2020版必修三Unit4 Reading同步练习
一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词
We finished later than we （打算，计划）.
She agreed t emply me fr a (试用；试验) perid.
The cbra is ne f the wrld’s (致命的，致死的) snakes.
We are ding ur best with the (有限的) resurces available.
(共和国) have presidents wh are elected, rather than kings r queens.
There is (广泛的) supprt fr the gvernment’s plicies.
Many peple d nt like the idea f (实验，试验) n animals.
Mst (家庭) nw wn at least ne car.
These reasns are nt (足够的，充足的) t justify the ban.
The game has already been (推迟，延期) three times.
I questin the (明智) f giving a child s much mney.
If cancers are sptted early there’s a high chance f s .
I have prmised nt t r t the matter again.
It wuld take him the rest f his life t p ff that lan.
There are a lt f vitamins that are b t ur health.
Yu ntice that yur breathing has s up a bit.
Many drugs were fund thrugh trial and e .
He was nminated fr the best actr a .
The d f qinghasu enabled malaria patients t survive.
Laughter is the best m .
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
The writer clearly intends his readers (identify) with the mian character.
Sme peple feel that (experiment) n animals is wrng.
She is finding that her jb is nt limited t (be) a nurse.
It was an unppular decisin t pstpne (build) the new hspital.
She made n (refer) t her illness but nly t her future plans.
I have n (intend) f ging t the wedding.
This drink des nt (cntainer) any alchl.
The president (brad) gt what he wanted ut f his meeting.
She was the last (survive) member f the family.
The fllwing day she felt (sufficient) well t g t wrk.
I’m lder and (wisdm) after ten years in the business.
The new regulatins will be f (beneficial) t everyne cncerned.
The ntes are (intend) as an intrductin t the curse.
The pr child lks mre (deadly) than alive.
单句语法填空
These measures wuld make valuable (cntribute) t
(reduce) industrial accidents.
He is currently trial fr drunk driving.
They asked what his plans were after (graduate).
Thanks her skilful handling f the affair, the prblem was averted.
The party failed (win) the electin.
There is n simple slutin this prblem.
All my effrts ended in (fail).
In the past this prcess f transitin has ften prven (difficulty).
He was vted the mst (prmise) new actr fr his part in the mvie.
Aspirin is a simple but highly (effect) treatment.
We have already succeeded in (wrk) ut grund rules with the Department f Defense.
Jill vlunteered (rganize) a petitin.
In the meantime the war f nerves seems likely (cntinue).
She hpes t get a jb n the lcal newspaper and (eventual) wrk fr ‘The Times’.
Banks actively encurage peple (brrw) mney.
He drew his experience t train new teachers.
四、根据要求翻译句子
他被艺术学校录取了。（succeed in ding sth.）
她决心成为一名医生，她的坚持不懈终于带来了成功。（pay ff）
大多数被邀请参加会议的人是我的同事。（过去分词做后置定语）
当她不在时，她很高兴看到他的母亲被很好地照顾着。（过去分词做宾语补足语）
尽管受到了朋友的鼓舞，他对自己仍然没有信心。（过去分词做状语）
路上到处是落叶。（过去分词做定语）
他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。（with the intentin f）
通过反复试验，他终于明白它是如何运作的。（thrugh trial and errr）
答案
一 1.intended 2.trial 3.deadliest 4.limited 5.Republics 6.brad 7.experiments 8.husehlds 9.sufficient 10.pstpned 11.wisdm 12.survive 13.refer 14.pay 15.beneficial 16.speeded 17.errr 18.award 19.discvery 20.medicine
二 1.t identify 2.experimenting 3.being 4.building 5.reference 6.intentin 7.cntain 8.bradly 9.surviving 10.sufficiently 11.wiser 12.benefit 13.intended 14.dead
三1.cntributins, reducing 2.n 3. graduatin 4.t 5.t win 6.t 7. failure 8.difficult 9.prmising 10.effective 11.wrking 12.t rganize 13.t cntinue 14.eventually 15.t brrw 16.n
四1.He succeeded in getting a place at art schl.
2.She was determined t becme a dctr and her persistence paid ff.
3.Mst f the peple invited t the cnference were my clleagues.
4.She was glad t see her mther taken gd care f when she was away.
5.Inspired by his friends, he still has n cnfidence in himself.
6.The rad is/was cvered with fallen leaves.
7.He left England with the intentin f travelling in Africa.
8. Thrugh trial and errr, he finally fund ut hw it wrked.
A
1. Scenic landscapes n stamps: A nine-day tur in the cities f Xuzhu,Suqian and Huai'an in nrthern Jiangsu prvince.
This rute is assciated with lcal culture, characteristics, and creativity. It ffers a taste f the famus canal cities.
2.Life n the Grand Canal: A seven-day Jiangsu tur thrugh the cities f Nanjing, Suqian, Huai'an,Yangzhu and Suzhu.
This rute presents the mst authentic, ecnmic, cultural and entertainment-fcused activities alng the canal frm bth ancient and mdern times.I allws visitrs t ride in bats and bserve lcal fishermen fishing.
3.Fd,culture,leisure and health;Seven-day experience f lcal life in Zhenjiang Changzhu,Wuxi and Suzhu
T increase turists’ interest in the traditinal culture and crafts f Jiangsu, the rute will include pttery,embridery(刺绣), paper-cutting, cking and ther hands-n experiences. It includes scenic spts alng the Beijing-Hangzhu Gran Canal, ancient water twns, histrical streets and ancient fishing villages.Visitrs can jin in the recreatinal farmhuse experience and pick up bth fruits and vegetables
4．A walk int histry: Six-day tur in Xuzhu, Suqian,Huai’an,Yangzhu, Zhenjiang, Changzhu and Wuxi
The Beiing-Hangzhu Grand Canal runs thrugh the entire prvince and has been a part f Jiangsu's culture fr thusands f years. Inspired by the canal, the rute includes histrical cities Xuzhu, Suqian, Huai'an,Yangzhu alng with Zheniang Changzhu and Wuxi.
21. Which f the fllwing d the fur travel rutes share?
A A time duratin f less than a week.
B. Ancient twns in suthern Jiangsu.
C. The Grand Canal.
D. The city f Suqian.
22. Which rute is the best fr an in-depth turist wh wants t cver fewer cities with mre time?
A. Rute 1B. Rute 2C. Rute 3D. Rute 4.
23. What can yu enjy in the rute nly cvering Suzhu, Wuxi, Changzhu and Zhenjiang?
A. Rwing a bat.B. Trying n paper-cutting.
C. Grwing vegetables.D. Fishing with lcal villagers.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【温故知新】
B
When peple sit tgether at night and enjy the glrius mn, an ancient pem, Prelude t Water Meldy, is ften read fr this ccasin. Critics say it's prbably the best pem abut the Mid-Autumn Festival. Let's just fcus n its mst famus five lines t make sme analysis.
In the first tw lines f the five, the writer is cmparing the life f a man with the changing face f the mn. In Chinese culture the mn is always cnsidered t be a perfect carrier f emtins like nstalgia（怀旧）ad lnging fr family reunin. A full mn symblizes perfectin and unity, while a glmy night may remind peple f their frtunes. When the mn is rund and fair but peple are separated frm their lved nes, such mments can be even mre heartbreaking.
Befre the cmparisn, the pet actually cmplains abut the seemingly "ruthless（无情的）"mn and asks her: Yu shuld have n spite（怨恨）against man, but why, when peple part, are yu ften full and bright? Hwever, he sn realizes that n ne has an easy ride, just like the mn may nt always be bright. The imperfectins have been ging ne since the beginning f time. That’s why he says "There has been nthing perfect since the lden days."
But shuld we get bgged dwn（陷入）by the suffering f things with which we can't change? The pet gives his answer: Change yur attitude and stay psitive. S we have his everlasting line, "________." The pet hpes that peple appreciate the fact that n matter where they are, as lng as the nes they lve and miss are healthy and happy, they can all admire the same mn high in the sky.
T this day, peple still use this verse t express their gd will and wishes fr family members and friends wh can't be with them, especially during majr festivals.
24. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. Hw we can appreciate Chinese petry abut the Mid-Autumn Day.
B. When we must recite the best Chinese petry abut the Mid-Autumn Day.
C. What made a pet write the best ever Mid-Autumn Day Chinese pem.
D. Why a pem is the peak f Chinese petry abut the Mid-Autumn Day.
25. Why des the pet write "nthing is perfect since the lden day" in the pem?
A. He desn't understand why the mn hates humans.
B. He knws eventually the mn will becme full again.
C. He realizes life is always accmpanied by imperfectins.
D. He understands life is t ruthless and has lst his interest in it.
26. Which f the fllwing lines is the mst suitable fr the blank in Paragraph 4?
A. Hw lng will the full mn appear? Wine cup in hand I ask the sky.
B. Lking up,I find the mn bright; bwing, in hmesickness I'm drwned.
C. In spring the river rises as high as the sea; with the river's tide uprises the mn bright.
D. May we all be blessed with a lng life; miles apart, we’ll share the beauty, f the mn tgether.
27. We can infer frm this article that the authr
A. is a very ptimistic pet.
B. likes the first tw lines f the five mst.
C. appreciates the pet's ptimism in the pem.
D. believes a psitive state f mind is a must t a gd pet.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C
C
In 2009,Dr. Kathleen Wermke, wh studies babies' first sunds,and her clleagues made headlines with a study shwing that French and German newbrns prduce distinctly different"cry sunds". German newbrns prduce mre cries that fall frm a higher t a lwer pitch，imitating（模仿）the falling intnatin（语调）f the German language,while French babies tend t cry with the rising intnatin f French.At this age, babies experiment with a wide variety f sunds,and can learn any language.But they are already influenced by their mther tngue.Tday, Dr.Wermke's lab huses a cllectin f arund a half-millin recrdings f babies frm as far as Camern and China.
The analysis f these recrdings has prduced further insights int the factrs that e a baby's first sunds. Newbrns whse mthers speak tnal languages,such as Chinese, tend t prduce mre cmplex cry sunds. Swedish newbrns, whse native language has what linguists(语言学家)call a"pitch accent"，prduce mre sing-sngy cries.
Hearing and imitating are fundamental t language develpment. By the third trimester(妊娠期），a fetus(胎儿)can hear the rhythm and meldy f its mther's vice- knwn as"prsdy（韵律）".Since individual wrds are nt heard clearly， prsdy becmes the majr characteristic f language fr the fetus. Thrugh stress, pauses and s n, prsdy cuts up the sund int wrds and phrases-that is,int speech
These studies frm the basis fr the lab's brader effrt t map the typical develpment f a baby's cries. Knwing what typical develpment lks like, and what factrs can influence it, helps dctrs address ptential prblems early n and understand hw hearing prblems are affecting the babies' ability t imitate and experiment with language, and hw they are prgressing after treatment.
28. What is the study f Dr.Kathleen and her clleagues mainly abut?
A. Difference between languages.
B. The way peple cry in different cuntries.
C. Factrs abut babies' first sunds.
D. Similarities between babies' first cry.
29. Which f the fllwing languages sunds mre like a sng?
A. Chinese.B. German.C. French.D. Swedish.
30. Why d babies in different cuntries prduce different"cry sunds"?
A Their language learning ability is t lw.
B. They imitate their mther tngue even when crying.
C. They are fnd f playing with different ways f crying.
D. They like trying different kinds f sunds.
31. What can we knw frm this passage?
A. A child's language ability is mainly determined by its first cry.
B. The Chinese language is mre difficult t learn than the German language.
C. A fetus can already understand the majr meaning f its mther'slanguage.
D. Children with hearing prblems will have difficulty learning a language.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【康奈尔笔记法——5R笔记法】
5R笔记法，又叫做康奈尔笔记法，是用产生这种笔记法的大学校名命名的。这一方法几乎适用于一切讲授或阅读课，特别是对于听课笔记，5R笔记法应是最佳首选。这种方法是记与学，思考与运用相结合的有效方法。
1.记录（Recrd）
在听讲或阅读过程中，在记录栏（有称为主栏，及最大的一个区域）内尽量多记有意义的论据、概念等讲课内容。
2.简化（Reduce）
下课以后，尽可能及早将这些论据、概念简明扼要地概括（简化）在回忆栏，即副栏。
3.背诵（Recite）
把主栏遮住，只用回忆栏中的摘记提示，尽量完满地叙述课堂上讲过的内容。
4.思考（Reflect）
将自己的听课随感、意见、经验体会之类的内容，与讲课内容区分开，写在卡片或笔记本的某一单独部分，加上标题和索引，编制成提纲、摘要，分成类目。并随时归档。
5.复习（Review）
每周花十分钟左右时间，快速复习笔记，主要是先看回忆栏，适当看主栏，并在复习栏绘制这部分内容的知识思维导图。
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：2.简化（Reduce）3.背诵（Recite）
在这里学习内容的简化：解法提炼、学习提示
记忆栏：1.记录（Recrd）在这里记录课堂笔记：用简洁的文字、符号、记号记录课堂要点
复习栏：4.思考（Reflect）5.复习（Review）在这里用思维导图形式总结本节课的重难点
康奈尔Crnell笔记法使用说明
记忆栏：
记忆栏：
复习栏：
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