2021年天津市河东区中考英语模拟试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021年天津市河东区中考英语模拟试卷（含答案解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了【答案】C，【答案】A，【答案】B等内容，欢迎下载使用。


2021年天津市河东区中考英语模拟试卷

1. Let's go and play _______table tennis, so I choose ______ Table Tennis Club. That's my favourite .
A. a, the B. the, a C. /， the D. the, /
2. What _____ will paper books take in the future？ Will they disappear？
A. direction B. invention C. introduction D. tradition
3. -________in the future？
-It will be better and better.
A. How life will be like B. How will life be like
C. What life will be like D. What will life be like
4. A journey by air is the ________ and the second ______， but you need to go to the airport. It also takes time.
A. faster, cheaper B. fastest, cheaper
C. fastest ， cheapest D. faster, cheapest
5. When there is an earthquake, ______ from windows and heavy furniture.
A. keep clear of B. stay away C. fall away D. jump out of
6. By the time she was eight, Linda _______read English and French.
A. could B. must C. need D. may
7. Though pollution is heavy now, I don't think it's ____. If everyone starts to do something, the world will be saved.
A. hopeless B. enjoyable C. hopeful D. unusual
8. -Do you do any exercise？
-Not really! I haven't done much exercise since I ______ my mobile phone last year.
A. get B. got C. have got D. am getting
9. The old box made me _____ about my hobby.
A. think B. thinking C. thinks D. to think
10. Today, the Internet is growing very fast. Computers and the Internet are used in classrooms now, and newspapers and magazines ______ online.
A. read B. are read C. were read D. will be read
11. - We are all looking forward to the leavers' party.
- ________ ! We'll have a good time!
A. Exactly B. Especially C. Probably D. Generally
12. Yuan Longping's new rice is helping many countries of the world grow more rice than before, ______ he is called "the Father of Hybrid Rice".
A. because B. so that C. so D. in order to
13. Everyone,please be careful     your own things from now on.
A. with B. in C. on D. at
14. ---Could I ask      you've mentioned this to her？
---Yes, but she refused to listen.（　　）
A. why B. that C. if D. what
15. -You mean you don't want me to help the community and increase my knowledge of the world？
-________，you should consider what the most important thing is.
A. That's not the point B. It is the most important
C. Good idea D. It's very kind of you
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Do you often use plastic straws（吸管）？ You probably use them to（1） ______ lots of things, such as cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small（2） ______ they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20（3） ______ and normally remain on the earth for over 100 years since they cannot be（4） ______ easily.
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in our country. That is enough to circle（5） ______ two-and-a-half times around our planet! If we didn't act now, there would be （6） ______ plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about（7） ______ plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution？ The simplest way is to say " no " to single-use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. What if people need to use a straw？ There are reusable straws instead. These straws can be used,（8） ______ ， and reused over and over again.
Coffee house Starbucks has started to（9） ______ paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1，000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone. McDonald's has（10） ______ taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
16.  A. drink B. eat C. tie D. make
17.  A. and B. but C. or D. so
18.  A. seconds B. minutes C. hours D. days
19.  A. cut down B. written down C. broken down D. put down
20.  A. closely B. nearly C. specially D. particularly
21.  A. more B. fewer C. less D. better
22.  A. whether B. if C. why D. what
23.  A. repaired B. burned C. picked D. cleaned
24.  A. offer B. afford C. affect D. produce
25.  A. still B. also C. ever D. just
Q
After a heavy rain, a spider（蜘蛛） was climbing hard towards his broken net on the wall. Because the wall was too wet, the spider fell down after reaching a certain height. But he continuously climbed up and fell down again and again.
The first man saw it, he sadly said to himself, "My life is just like that spider's； busy all the time but getting nothing？" He became sadder.
The second man saw it and said, "What a stupid spider! Why doesn't it find another way to a drier place？ I'd never be that stupid." So he became smarter.
The third man saw it. He was quite moved by the spider's perseverance（坚持不懈） and said to himself, "I won't let a little spider be stronger and more persistent than me. I'll learn from his example and become stronger," and he did.
26. The spider fell down because ______ .
A. the net was broken B. the wall was too wet
C. it was raining heavily D. the spider was too busy
27. According to the story, the first person was ______ .
A. lively B. silent C. patient D. sadder
28. The second person thought ______ .
A. the spider was busy all the time
B. the spider was not clever at all
C. he got nothing from his work
D. he would become that spider
29. The underline sentence " he did" means ______ .
A. the third man became sadder B. the third man became smarter
C. the third man became stronger D. the third man got the spider
30. From the story we know that ______ .
A. we can learn a lesson from the spider
B. we can't learn anything good from the spider
C. the spider is so great that it can influence people
D. the spider is stronger and more persistent than people
R
More and more people around the world are joining in dangerous sports． Some people climbed the highest mountains， some traveled into unknown parts of the world， some sailed small boats across the largest sea． Now some people begin to look for new excitement．
Bungee jumping （蹦极） and motorcycle racing （摩托车赛） are quite dangerous sports． Bungee jumping only lasts a few minutes or even seconds． You jump from a high place， 200 meters above the ground， and there is a rubber band （橡胶带子） tied to your legs． When you jump down， the rubber band pulls you up． About 2，000，000 people around the world have tried bungee jumping．
Why do people join in these dangerous sports？ Some scientists say that it is because modern life has become safe and it is not interesting． In the past， people lived in danger． They had to go out and look for food， and life was like a fight but was interesting．
Many people think that there is little excitement in life． They live and work in safe places， buy food in shops， and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill．
31. People like to join in dangerous sports because ______ ．
A. they have a lot of free time
B. they can go to the hospital if they are hurt
C. they need excitement
D. they don't need to look for food
32. ______ is not a dangerous sport．
A. Climbing the highest mountains
B. Riding on the road
C. Traveling into unknown parts of the world
D. Sailing small boats across the largest sea
33. In bunge jumping， you ______ ．
A. jump up as high as you can
B. jump down with a rubber band tied to your legs
C. jump down without a rubber band
D. jump to the ground
34. In the past， people lived in danger because ______ ．
A. the living condition is poor
B. there was no doctor and hospital
C. there were many dangerous animals
D. all of above
35. Which is not TRUE？ ______
A. Everyone's life is interesting．
B. Many people live and work in safe places．
C. Many people buy food in shops．
D. People can go to see the doctors when they become ill．
S
Many people believe Henry Ford invented the car. But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first car. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line（生产线） that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line.
In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of getting public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.
The race was in 1901 at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left： the Winton and Ford. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.
The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became wellknown all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In 1903， a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream. Ford said： "I will build a motor car for most of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men. It will be so low in price that everybody can afford."
The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost ＄850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model Ts were built in the first few years.
36. What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1 ？ ______
A. He knew how to improve car's parts.
B. He produced the first car in the world.
C. He improved others' good ideas.
D. He invented the first production line.
37. Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race？ ______
A. To show off（炫耀） his driving skills.
B. To draw public attention.
C. To learn about new technology.
D. To raise money for his new company.
38. What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text？ ______
A. Producing cars for common people.
B. Building very fast racing cars .
C. Designing more car models.
D. Starting more companies.
39. Why did Henry Ford become famous all over the United States ？ ______
A. Because he started a new company.
B. Because he built the first car.
C. Because his car won the race.
D. Because he drove his car so well.
40. What can we infer（推断） about the car before Model T from the passage？ ______
A. The car was not invented until Model T.
B. The car was big enough for a whole family.
C. The car was very expensive.
D. Americans didn't want cars.
41. 根据对话的内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整（选项中有两项是多余的）。
A：Hello, Lucy! I haven't seen you for a long time.
B：Hello, Mike! （1） ______
A：How long did you stay there？
B：（2） ______
A：How do you feel about staying in London？
B：Everything was strange at first.（3） ______
A：Oh, I think your English must have improved a lot.
B：Of course.（4） ______ But later I got used to speaking English.
A：Who did you live with there？
B：（5） ______
A： That's great! Oh, my mom is calling me. I'd better go.
B： See you later.
A.Many customs are different from ours.
B.I lived with an English family.
C.I lived there with my Chinese teachers.
D.For about half a year.
E.I had a good time there.
F.I couldn't understand much at first.
G.I've just come back from London .
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
42. 他们不想扫去好运。
They don't want to ______ ______ good luck.
43. 他们在寻找他们的手机，相机，手表，电脑和许多其他的东西。
They are ______ ______ their phones, cameras, watches, computers and many other things.
44. 今天早上的课是关于急救的.
This morning's class is about ______ ______ .
45. 她现在身体很好。
She is in ______ ______ .
46. 他住的离学校最远，所以他乘地铁．
He lives the______school，so he takes the underground．
47. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Everyone has a different temperament （脾气）. It is usually believed that both genes （基因） and environment may influence people's temperament in different ways.
But now scientists have found that the season of the birth also plays a role.Scientists from Budapest, did a survey among 400 university students.In the study,each student needed to finish a research. The purpose of it was to find out which of the four kinds of temperaments they had. From the research,scientists found that the students always answered something like "My mood（情绪）often changes for no reason," and "I love to deal with new projects,even if it is risky." These answers were then connected with their birthdays.
They discovered that people born in summer easily change between sad and happy moods compared with people born in winter. People who always felt positive（积极的）， mostly were born in spring and summer. The study also found that those who were born in autumn were probably in a mood of sadness which might easily ask them to cry. Scientists say that this may be because the seasons have an influence on certain chemicals （化学品） in human's body. These chemicals are important to control people's moods even in adult life.
(1) Both genes and environment may influence people's temperaments ______ .
(2) Scientists have found that the season of birth also ______ .
(3) The purpose of the research ______ which kind of temperament people had.
(4) People who were mostly born in spring and summer always ______ .
(5) Scientists say that the seasons ______ in human's body.
48. It's now required that people should sort garbage into four types, namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. H（1） ______ ， if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined （罚款） up to 200 yuan. More cities are introducing similar regulations, following the practice in Shanghai. By the end of 2020， garbage-sorting systems will have also been built in 46 major Chinese cities, i（2） ______ Beijing and Shenzhen, reported People's Daily.
According t（3） ______ a study by the Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy（经济）， under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90% of the public believe that garbage sorting is i（4） ______ for the protection of the environment. However, garbage sorting is still a big p（5） ______ in China. Only 30% of participants （受访者） said they think they are sorting their garbage, the study noted. According to Xinhua News Agency, it's partly b（6） ______ many people lack the willingness to sort their own waste. In the past, some old garbage regulations didn't give clear fines for people who f（7） ______ to sort garbage.
"It's a must to have a legal guarantee（法律保证） to promote garbage sorting." Liu Jianguo, a professor from Tsinghua University, told China Daily. He also added that the importance of the new regulations in Shanghai is to c（8） ______ the past voluntary action into compulsory （强制性的） action for everyone.
Many foreign c（9） ______ have also introduced garbage-sorting regulations. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill, reported Xinhua. There is a fixed time for dealing with each kind of garbage and littering can result in high fines and the person who litters may even be p（10） ______ into prison （监狱）. In Germany too, people are asked to sort waste into specific categories, reported HuffPost. For example, in Berlin, people have yellow bins for plastic and metals and blue bins for paper and cardboard.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
49. 假设你是光华中学的学生李明，你有一个笔友王华，你们有用英语写信的习惯，上周日你收到他的来信。请根据以下所给汉语提示给他写一封回信。
要求：
（1）100词以上。文中不得出现真实的校名、姓名。
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：支教教师 volunteer teacher 交换、交流exchange
风土人情 local conditions and customs

（1）.收到王华来信感到很高兴；
（2）.通过来信得知王华的姐姐正在贫困地区支教，已经待在那里两年多；
（3）希望王华问他的姐姐是否能把她的学生们介绍给你；
（4）你打算帮助他们，送给他们一些书籍；
（5）你希望能给他们写信，交流学习经验、分享兴趣爱好、了解他们的风土人情；
（6）.你认为：...... （至少两条），并期待他的回信。
Dear Wang Hua,
How are you？ Last Sunday, I .
Yours,
Li Ming
答案和解析

1.【答案】C

【解析】a一个，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；the表示特指；/零冠词。第一个空，根据table tennis"乒乓球"可知，play+球类，中间不加冠词。第二个空，特指"乒乓球俱乐部"用定冠词the。
故选：C。
我们去打乒乓球吧，所以我选择了乒乓球俱乐部。那是我最喜欢的。
冠词包括定冠词the,通常表示特指。不定冠词a和an,a修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an修饰以元音音素开头的单词；/零冠词。要根据语境完成试题。

2.【答案】A

【解析】direction方向、趋势；invention发明；introduction介绍；tradition传统。根据Will they disappear？"它们会消失吗？"可知，未来纸质书将走向何"方"？填名词direction。
故选：A。
未来纸质书将走向何方？它们会消失吗？
名词的用法比较广泛，要在理解名词意思的基础上，根据具体语境，仔细分析，完成试题。

3.【答案】C

【解析】答语为"越来越好"表示的是"状态"，疑问词应该是"像......"，用what......be like,排除A和B；又life应该和what放在一起，故而排除D。
故选：C。
-- 未来的生活会是怎么样呢？
-- 将会越来越好。
特殊疑问句的选择题，关键找准特殊疑问词，再确定时态、主谓形式，最后作答。

4.【答案】C

【解析】faster更快的；fastest最快的。cheaper更便宜的；cheapest最便宜的。第一个空，定冠词the后用最高级fastest最快的。第二个空，the second cheapest"第二便宜的"。
故选：C。
乘飞机旅行是最快的，也是第二便宜的，但是你需要去机场。这也需要时间。
要熟练掌握最高级的用法，根据具体的语境仔细分析选择恰当的最高级形式。

5.【答案】B

【解析】keep clear of不接触；stay away远离；fall away脱落、掉落；jump out of突然离开、跳离。根据When there is an earthquake"发生地震时"可知，"远离"窗户和笨重的家具。
故选：B。
发生地震时，远离窗户和笨重的家具。
在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的搭配，完成试题。

6.【答案】A

【解析】句意：到她八岁时，琳达已经能读英语和法语了。could能；must必须；need需要；may可能。根据By the time she was eight“到她八岁时”可知，此处是一般过去时态，表示有能力做某事用can的过去式could能。故选A。

7.【答案】A

【解析】hopeless无希望的；enjoyable愉快的；hopeful充满希望的；unusual不寻常的。根据If everyone starts to do something,the world will be saved"如果每个人都开始做些什么，世界就会被拯救"可知，我不认为它是"没有希望的"。
故选：A。
虽然现在污染很重，但我不认为没有希望。如果每个人都开始做些什么，世界就会被拯救。
形容词通常修饰名词或构成系表结构，要抓住关键词句，结合语境选择适当的形容词完成试题。

8.【答案】B

【解析】根据语境，设空处句子是since引导的时间状语从句，其主句谓语多用现在完成时态，从句谓语常用一般过去时态，且题干关键信息是last year（去年），因此设空处应用got,表"自从去年买手机以来"。
故选：B。
-你做运动吗？
-事实上不是！自从我去年有了手机，我就没怎么运动过。
解答此题的关键，根据语境和题干关键信息词，来判断和选用合适的时态。

9.【答案】A

【解析】think想，动词原形；thinking动名词/现在分词；thinks第三人称单数；to think不定式。make sb do sth"使某人做某事"固定搭配，填动词原形think。
故选：A。
那个旧盒子使我想起了我的爱好。
掌握固定搭配make sb do sth"使某人做某事"，分析选择，选择合适答案。

10.【答案】B

【解析】根据语境及关键信息today、now知，题干是一般现在时态，设空处主语newspapers and magazines（报纸和杂志）和谓语read（阅读）之间是被动关系，因此设空处应用一般现在时态的被动语态，即are read符合题意。
故选：B。
今天，互联网发展非常迅速。现在电脑和互联网被用于教室，报纸和杂志在网上阅读。
英语题目中常常将时态和语态结合起来进行考查，学生在解答时，需判断主语和谓语之间的主被动关系，还应联系实际判断所用的时态。

11.【答案】A

【解析】exactly正是；especially特别；尤其；probably或许；generally通常；普遍地。根据"我们会玩得很开心的"可知选择"正是"。
故选：A。
-我们都期待着欢送会。
-正是!我们会玩得很开心的!
了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。

12.【答案】C

【解析】because因为；so that以便；so所以；in order to为了。根据Yuan Longping's new rice is helping many countries of the world grow more rice than before"袁隆平的新水稻正在帮助世界上许多国家种植比以前更多的水稻"可知，"所以"他被称为"杂交水稻之父"。填so。
故选：C。
袁隆平的新水稻正在帮助世界上许多国家种植比以前更多的水稻，所以他被称为"杂交水稻之父"。
连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。

13.【答案】A

【解析】结合语境和选项可知，be careful with为固定搭配，意为"照顾、注意"。
故选：A。
各位，从现在开始请注意自己的东西。
学生要有扎实的词汇基础，熟悉选项的含义，再结合题干作出选择。

14.【答案】C

【解析】A why 为什么；B that 引导宾语从句，无实际意义；C if 是否/如果；D what 什么．根据句子结构，是一个宾语从句，根据主语"我可以问下"，可知，是询问不确定的事，用引导词if.
故选：C．
-我可以问下，你是否跟她提到这个？-是的，但是她拒绝听．
熟练辨析宾语从句的引导词选择．

15.【答案】A

【解析】That's not the point；It is the most important这是最重要的；Good idea好主意；It's very kind of you你太好了。根据前句句意"你的意思是你不想让我在社区帮忙，来提高我对世界的知识吗"和后句句意"你应该考虑一下最重要的事情是什么"可知，要回答"这并不是重点"，其它选项语意不通。
故选：A。
你的意思是你不想让我在社区帮忙，来提高我对世界的知识吗？
这并不是重点，你应该考虑一下最重要的事情是什么。
考查情境对话，要根据所表达的内容，用正确的单词和短语、恰当的句型和准确的时态。

16~25.【答案】A、B、B、C、B、A、A、D、A、B

【解析】（1）A 动词辨析。A意为：喝；B意为：吃；C意为：v.（用线、绳等）系，拴，绑，捆，束；D意为：制造，做。根据常识可知，吸管是用来吸豆奶、可乐等液体。故选A。
（2）B 连词辨析。A意为：和； B意为：但是；C意为：或；D意为：所以。空格前面说到，塑料吸管虽小；后面提到，是个大问题。前后语意存在转折关系，故选B。
（3）B 名词辨析。A意为：秒；B意为：分；C意为：时；D意为：天。在这里选择 20秒/小时/天都不合常理。前半句句意：它们（塑料吸管）生产制造需要10分钟，却只使用20分钟。故选B。
（4）C 短语辨析。A意为"砍倒"；B意为"写下"；C意为"分解"； D意为"放下；记下"。后半句句意：由于它们不易分解，通常会留在地球上超过100年。故选C。
（5）B 副词辨析。A意为"靠近"； B意为"几乎，将近"； C意为"专门地"； D意为"特别地"。句意：那（5亿根塑料吸管）足够绕地球将近两圈半。故选B。
（6）A 形容词辨析。A意为：更多； B意为：减少； C意为：减少；D意为：更好，给合语境：如果我们现在不采取行动，到 2050年，海洋里的塑料将比鱼还多。故选A。
（7）A 连词辨析。空格后面是宾语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，排除C、D；根据后面的or not可知，只能选whether ，而不能选 if。故选A。
（8）D 动词辨析。A意为"修理"； B意为"燃烧"； C意为"采摘"； D 意为"把……弄干净"。句意：这些吸管能够被使用、清理和再反复使用。根据循环利用的步骤选择D。故选D。
（9）A 动词辨析。A意为"提供"； B意为"买得起，能做某事"； C意为"影响"；D意为"生产"。句意：星巴克咖啡连锁店在上海、深圳的近1000家门店已经停止提供塑料吸管，取而代之的是无吸管材盖和纸制吸管。故选A。
（10）B 副词辨析。A意为"仍然"； B意为"也"； C意为"曾经"D意为"仅仅"。结合句意：麦当劳也已经采取行动减少塑料吸管的传用。故选B。
文章主要讲述塑料吸管很小但是问题很大，它不容易分解，到处乱扔最后对海洋环境和生物都有很大的危害。越来越多的人意识到这一问题，对一次性塑料用品比如吸管说"不"；商家也采取措施减少塑料吸管的使用。
考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。

26~30.【答案】B、D、B、C、D

【解析】（1）B.考查细节理解题。根据第一段Because the wall was too wet, the spider fell down after reaching a certain height.可知，蜘蛛摔下来是因为墙壁太潮湿了。故选B。
（2）D.考查细节理解题。根据第二段"My life is just like that spider's； busy all the time but getting nothing？" He became sadder.可知，第一个人看到蜘蛛的经历后，他感到更伤心。故选D。
（3）B.考查细节理解题。根据第三段"What a stupid spider! Why doesn't it find another way to a drier place？ I'd never be that stupid." 可知，第二个人认为蜘蛛是非常愚蠢的。not clever at all一点儿也不聪明，故选B。
（4）C.考查语义猜测题。根据第四段"I won't let a little spider be stronger and more persistent than me. I'll learn from his example and become stronger.我不会让一只小蜘蛛比我更坚强，更执着。我会从他的榜样中学习，变得更强。由此可知，第三个人变得更加坚强。故选C。
（5）D.考查细节理解题。根据第一段But he continuously climbed up and fell down again and again.可知，蜘蛛不断地爬上去，摔下来，再爬上去。他在困难面前总是坚持不懈。结合最后一段 He was quite moved by the spider's perseverance（坚持不懈） and said to himself, "I won't let a little spider be stronger and more persistent than me. I'll learn from his example and become stronger," 第三个人被蜘蛛的毅力打动了，自言自语道："我不会让一只小蜘蛛比我更坚强，更执着。我会从他的榜样中学习，变得更强。由此可知，蜘蛛比人类更加坚强，执着。故选D。
一场大雨过后，一只蜘蛛正在向墙上的破网爬去。因为墙太湿了，蜘蛛爬到一定高度后就掉了下来。但他不断地爬上爬下。文中讲述了三个人看到这个场景时的不同感受。
首先要通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据上下文的联系以及本文的文意，结合给出的选择项，就可以确定正确答案。

31~35.【答案】C、B、B、A、A

【解析】1． C 细节理解题．根据More and more people around the world are joining in dangerous sports．世界各地越来越多的人参加危险的运动．Now some people begin to look for new excitement．现在有些人开始寻找新的刺激．可知，人们参加这些惊险运动项目的原因是追求刺激．故选 C．
2． B 细节判断题．根据More and more people around the world are joining in dangerous sports． Some people climbed the highest mountains， some traveled into unknown parts of the world， some sailed small boats across the largest sea． 世界各地越来越多的人参加危险的运动．一些人爬上了最高的山，一些人去了世界上不知名的地方，一些人驾驶小船穿越了最大的海．可知在马路上骑车不是一项危险的运动．故选B．
3． B 细节理解题．根据You jump from a high place， about 200 meters above the ground， and there is a rubber band （橡胶带子） tied to your legs．蹦极时，会用橡胶带子拴住你的脚，然后从200米的高空往下跳．可知蹦极时，你的腿上绑着橡皮筋．故选B．
4． A 细节理解题．根据In the past， people lived in danger． They had to go out and look for food， and life was like a fight but was interesting．在过去，人们生活在危险中．他们不得不出去寻找食物，生活就像一场战斗，但很有趣．They live and work in safe places， buy food in shops， and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill．他们生活和工作在安全的地方，在商店买食物，如果他们生病了，有医生和医院照顾他们．可知在过去，人们生活在危险中，因为生活条件很差．故选 A．
5． A 细节判断题．根据Many people think that there is little excitement in life． They live and work in safe places， buy food in shops， and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill．许多人认为生活中没有什么刺激，他们在安全的地方生活和工作，在商店买食物，如果他们生病了，还有医生和医院来照顾他们．可知每个人的生活都很有趣是错误的．故选A．
这篇文章讲述的是现在越来越多的人追求危险的运动项目，比如爬最高的山，涉足世界上的未知地带，驾舟横渡最大海洋等等．文章还介绍了更为惊险刺激的运动项目像蹦极和摩托车赛，并解释了人们追求惊险刺激的原因．
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案．

36~40.【答案】C、B、A、C、C

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据短文第一段What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better.可知：福特所做的就是利用别人的想法，然后更好地利用。故选C。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据短文第二段内容及It was the best way of getting public notice. 可知：开始时，每个汽车制造者都开赛车，并且这是引人注意的最好方法。因此亨利福特也制造自己的赛车，进行比赛，目的是引人注意。故选B。
（3）A. 细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段It will be so low in price that everybody can afford.以及最后一段The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost ＄850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers.可知福特造的车价格代低，能挣钱的人都买得起他的车，医生、农民都买他的车，由此可知他的梦想就是为普通老百姓造车。故选A。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became wellknown all over the United States.福特赢得了比赛，打败了温顿。他的名字出现在报纸上，他在全美国广为人知。可知，福特在全美国都非常出名是因为他打败了温顿，赢得了比赛。故选C。
（5）C.细节推理题。根据短文倒数第二段Ford said： "I will build a motor car for most of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men. It will be so low in price that everybody can afford."福特说："我将为大多数人制造一辆汽车。它将足够大容纳一家人，但小到足以一个人操作和照顾。它将用最好的材料建造。它将由最优秀的人建造。价格会很低，每个人都买得起。"以及最后一段The Model  T was a car of that kind.可知，ModelT就是那种车。由此可知，在Model T出现之前，汽车是非常贵的，故选C。
本文是记叙文，讲述了亨利福特充分利用别人的想法，生产出了自己的汽车，形成了自己的生产流水线。通过赛车比赛，使公众关注到自己的汽车，然后建立了自己的汽车公司，为所有的普通顾客生产汽车。
阅读理解题要求理解文章大意，浏览题干后带着问题到文中寻找相关内容从而得出答案．本题多为细节理解题，在文中很容易找到答案．而推理判断题则需要根据题干找出相关语境，在理解语境的基础上经过推理得出答案，相对之下难度会大些。

41.【答案】【小题1】G
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】F
【小题5】B


【解析】细节理解题
（1）G.根据下一句How long did you stay there？"你在那儿呆了多久？"可知，上一句应该说"我刚从伦敦回来。"故选：G。
（2）D.根据上一句How long did you stay there？"你在那儿呆了多久？"可知，下一句应该说"大约半年了。"故选：D。
（3）A.根据上一句Everything was strange at first."一开始一切都很奇怪。"可知，下一句应该说"许多风俗与我们的不同。"故选：A。
（4）F.根据下一句But later I got used to speaking English."但后来我习惯了说英语。"可知，上一句应该说"我一开始不太明白。"故选：F。
（5）B.根据上一句Who did you live with there？"你和谁住在那里？"可知，下一句应该说"我和一个英国家庭住在一起。"故选：B。
这是A、B两个人的对话，A询问了B一些问题。B告诉A自己在伦敦呆了半年，在那里和一个英国家庭住在一起。那里的习俗和家乡的不一样，自己的英语水平提高了很多。
补全对话，要注重句子与句子之间逻辑关系．结合语境，根据上下句，运用正确的交际对话选出答案。

42.【答案】sweep

【解析】sweep away 扫去；根据want to do sth.可知动词用原形。
故答案是 sweep away
They don't want to sweep away good luck.
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。

43.【答案】looking

【解析】look for寻找，根据句意用现在进行时be（am,is,are）+现在分词。
故答案是looking for
They are looking for their phones, cameras, watches, computers and many other things.
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。

44.【答案】first

【解析】急救first aid,固定短语，作介词about的宾语．
故答案为：first aid.
This morning's class is about first aid.
汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子．

45.【答案】good

【解析】be in good health身体很好
故答案是good health
She is in good health.
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。

46.【答案】farthest from

【解析】答案：farthest from．
首先通过中英文句子的比对，可知英文句子中缺少"离…最远"的表达．结合句意用副词最高级，短语"住的离…最远"的英文表达是：live the farthest from，故答案为：farthest from；
farthest from
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化．

47.【答案】【小题1】in different ways
【小题2】plays a role
【小题3】was to find out
【小题4】felt positive
【小题5】have an influence on certain chemicals


【解析】细节理解题。
（1）in different ways.根据文中Everyone has a different temperament . It is usually believed that both genes  and environment may influence people's temperament in different ways.可知，每个人都有不同的气质（脾气）。通常认为这两种基因和环境对人的气质有不同的影响。故答案为：in different ways。
（2）plays a role.根据文中But now scientists have found that the season of the birth also plays a role.可知，但是现在科学家发现，出生的季节也起了作用。故答案为： plays a role。
（3）was to find out .根据文中．In the study,each student needed to finish a research. The purpose of it was to find out which of the four kinds of temperaments they had. 可知，在这项研究中，每个学生都需要完成一项研究。它的目的是找出他们的四种性格中的哪一种。故答案为：was to find out。
（4）felt positive.根据People who always felt positive（积极的）， mostly were born in spring and summer. 结合短文可知，总是感觉积极的人（积极的），大多数出生在春天和夏天。故答案为： felt positive。
（5）have an influence on certain chemicals .根据 Scientists say that this may be because the seasons have an influence on certain chemicals （化学品） in human's body.结合短文可知，科学家说，这可能是因为季节对某些化学物质有影响（化学品）在人体内。故答案为： have an influence on certain chemicals。
文章讲了每个人都有不同的气质（脾气）. 通常认为这两种基因和环境对人的气质有不同的影响。
但是现在科学家发现，出生的季节也起了作用。
题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力。

48.【答案】【小题1】owever
【小题2】ncluding
【小题3】o
【小题4】mportant
【小题5】roblem
【小题6】ecause
【小题7】ailed
【小题8】hange
【小题9】ountries
【小题10】ut


【解析】（1）However.考查副词。根据句意"_____如果人们没有正确分类垃圾，他们可能会被罚款高达200元"，由本句与上文在句意上存在转折意味，结合首字母H可推出此处用副词However,表示"然而"。故答案为However。
（2）including.考查动词。根据句意"据《人民日报》报道，到2020年底，北京和深圳在内的46个中国主要城市也将建成垃圾分类系统"，由首字母i可推出此处用动词includ,表示"包括"。由现在分词作状语，考虑填其动词-ing形式，故答案为including。
（3）to.考查介词。根据句意"_____环境与经济政策研究中心的一项研究"，由首字母t可推出此处用介词to,构成短语according to,表示"根据"。故答案为to。
（4）important.考查形容词。根据句意"超过90%的公众认为垃圾分类对保护环境很_____"，由首字母i可推出此处用动词important,表示"重要"。故答案为important。
（5）problem.考查名词。根据句意"然而，垃圾分类在中国仍然是一个大_____"，由首字母p可推出此处用名词problem,表示"问题"。由空前的冠词a考虑此处填单数形式，故答案为problem。
（6）because.考查连词。根据句意"据新华社报道，这在一定程度上是_____许多人缺乏整理自己垃圾的意愿"，由首字母b可推出此处用连词because引导宾语从句，表示"因为"。故答案为because。
（7）failed.考查动词。根据句意"在过去，一些旧的垃圾管理条例没有明确规定对垃圾分类_____者的罚款"，由首字母f可推出此处用动词fail,表示"不合格"。
由上文didn't推断本句为一般过去时态，此处需填动词的过去式形式，故答案为failed。
（8）change.考查动词。根据句意"他还补充说，上海新规的重要意义在于，要把过去的自愿行动_____对每个人的强制行动"，由首字母c可推出此处用动词change,表示"变为"。由空前的to考虑此处填动词原形形式，故答案为change。
（9）countries.考查名词。根据句意"国外很多_____也出台了垃圾分类的规定"，由首字母c可推出此处用名词country,表示"国家"。由空前的修饰语Many考虑此处填复数形式，故答案为countries。
（10）put.考查动词。根据句意"每种垃圾都有固定的处理时间，乱扔垃圾会导致高额罚款，乱扔垃圾的人甚至可能被_____监狱"，由首字母p可推出此处用动词put,表示"关进"由空前的be推断此处为被动结构，考虑此处填其过去分词形式，故答案为put。
前段时间的"垃圾分类逼疯上海人"引发热议。本文介绍了上海市正式实施《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》，至今已经如火如荼地开展一段时间了，之后北京等全国46个重点城市也即将加入垃圾分类的行列。
首字母阅读填空题，先要通读全文，理解大意，运用语法和词汇知识，想出要填的词根，再根据上下文语境认真分析，并正确变换词形，方能正确答题。

49.【答案】Dear Wang Hua,
How are you! Last Sunday, I felt very happy when I heard from you. 【高分句型一】（收到王华来信感到很高兴）From your letter, I know your sister is working as a volunteer teacher in a poor area and she has stayed there for more than two years.（通过来信得知王华的姐姐正在贫困地区支教，已经待在那里两年多）  Can you help me ask her whether she can introduce her students to me or not？【高分句型二】（希望王华问他的姐姐是否能把她的学生们介绍给你） I am going to help the students by giving them some books. （打算帮助他们，送给他们一些书籍）Besides, I hope to write to them so that we can exchange learning experience and share hobbies and interests. At the same time, I can learn about their local conditions and customs in order to open the mind. （能给他们写信，交流学习经验、分享兴趣爱好、了解他们的风土人情）In my opinion, we should make some good friends as possible as we can to share beautiful things.What's more, we are supposed to offer a hand to those who are in need, As long as we work hard together, our world will be more and more beautiful. （想法）
I am looking forward to your letter.
Yours,
Li Ming

【解析】【高分句型一】
Last Sunday, I felt very happy when I heard from you. 上星期天，当我收到你的来信时，我感到非常高兴。when引导的从句
【高分句型二】
Can you help me ask her whether she can introduce her students to me or not？你能帮我问她能否把她的学生介绍给我吗？宾语从句
这是一篇提纲作文，题目要求围绕提示内容写作，命题既有限制又给予学生发挥的空间。在写作中要综合运用所学知识，适当运用连词、副词等进行过渡。