专题05 完形填空之记叙文-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版

这是一份专题05 完形填空之记叙文-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版，共170页。

专题05 完形填空之记叙文
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷）My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
【41题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
【42题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选A。
【43题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的； D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
【44题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。
【45题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
【46题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
【47题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。
【48题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务； D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。故选C。
【49题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
【50题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
【51题】考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。故选B。
【52题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。故选C。
【53题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
【54题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。
【55题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。
2.（2021年全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They had asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷却) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to _____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real _____34_____ .
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, _____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
21 A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Burchill住酒店时，给朋友携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑名单，Burchill被终身禁止入住该酒店。Burchill诚恳地写了道歉信，请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。最终，他的信起作用了。
【21题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A. studying研究；B. staying停留；C. looking看；D. packing包装。根据“Burchill was 21 at the hotel on business and planning to 22 some friends in the area.”及生活常识可知，Burchill出差住在酒店，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故选D。
【22题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A. visit拜访；B. help帮助；C. follow跟随；D. make制作。根据“They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，朋友让他带一些东西，由此推知Burchill准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。故选A。
【23题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。A. sell卖；B. have有；C. bring带来； D. taste品尝。根据“So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，Burchill的朋友让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。故选C。
【24题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。A. filled装满；B. locked锁上；C. abandoned抛弃；D. lost丢失。根据“a suitcase full of pepperoni”和“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。故选A。
【25题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. surprised感到惊讶的；B. pleased高兴的；C. excited兴奋的；D. worried担心的。根据“he 26 it out on the table near an open window.”可知，他担心意大利香肠会太热，所以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。故选D。
【26题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. dug挖； B. cleared清除；C. cut切下；D. laid放。根据“it out on the table near an open window”可知，他把它放在桌子上。故选D。
【27题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. delicious美味的； B. safe安全的；C. soft柔软的；D. ready准备好。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了，由此推知，他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好。故选B。
【28题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. left离开；B. nodded点头；C. waited等待；D. regretted后悔。根据““I remember walking down the long 30 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了。故选A。
【29题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事情就在这时出了问题。A. far远的；B. funny有趣的；C. wrong失常的；D. blind盲目的。根据“The seagulls immediately went 32 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real 34 .”可知，事情就在这时出了问题。故选C。
【30题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. beach海滩；B. driveway私人车道；C. hall大厅；D. table桌子。根据“and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls”可知，Burchill走过长长的大厅。故选C。
【31题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. application申请；B. apology道歉；C. request要求；D. invitation邀请。根据““I have 35 and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
”可知，Burchill给酒店写了一封道歉信。故选B。
【32题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海鸥立刻变得疯狂起来。A. hungry饥饿的；B. dead死亡的；C. missing失踪的； D. wild疯狂的。根据“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere.”可知，海鸥被突然回到房间的Burchill吓到了，变得疯狂起来。故选D。
【33题】考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们冲到窗口，30或40只鸟都想同时出去，到处都是意大利香肠。A. wake up醒来；B. get out出去；C. take off起飞；D. break in闯入。根据“They rushed to the window”及生活常识可知，鸟看到人类很害怕，想同时从窗户逃出去。故选B。
【34题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：窗帘在落下，灯也在落下，真是一团糟。A. mess混乱； B. puzzle不解之谜；C. fight打架；D. challenge挑战。根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，现场一片混乱。故选A。
【35题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. recovered恢复；B. retired退休；C. escaped逃跑；D. matured成熟。根据“and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,”可知，这里意思是Burchill认为自己成熟了。故选D。
【36题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. suffering苦难；B. plans计划；C. madness疯狂；D. actions行为。根据“I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”可知，Burchill承认对自己的行为负责。故选D。
【37题】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。A. hands in pocket手放在口袋里； B. nose in the air目中无人；C. hat in hand毕恭毕敬地；D. feet on the ground脚踏实地。根据“to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”及生活常识可知，向别人道歉，应该表明自己是毕恭毕敬地。故选C。
【38题】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。A. indirectly间接；B. deliberately故意地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. secretly秘密地。根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，作者携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。故选A。
【39题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。A. replace取代；B. remember记得；C. reconsider重新考虑；D. renew更新。根据“my lifetime ban from the hotel.”和“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知，Burchill请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。故选C。
【40题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的信起作用了。A. arrived到达；B. worked起作用；C. ended结束；D. disappeared消失。根据“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知，他的信起作用了。故选B。
3.（2021年天津卷）For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 19 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21 to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again 24 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 25 to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 26 bicycles. Then came more than 500 27 for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 28 to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 29 struggling. 30 simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 31 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 32 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great 33 for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a 34 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 35 that he can make on people."
16．A．amazed B．mad C．curious D．frightened
17．A．emotions B．career C．opinions D．route
18．A．ever B．together C．instead D．yet
19．A．ride B．lock C．repair D．replace
20．A．lack B．variety C．increase D．quality
21．A．Instruction B．qualification C．transportation D．permission
22．A．came up with B．stuck to C．gave up D．broke away from
23．A．Remembered B．refused C．hesitated D．offered
24．A．by accident B．in advance C．for free D．on credit
25．A．profit B．budget C．courage D．excuse
26．A．shared B．used C．expensive D．modern
27．A．enquiries B．advertisements C．notices D．announcements
28．A．exported B．sold C．lent D．returned
29．A．hardly B．slightly C．truly D．instantly
30．A．Without B．Beyond C．Upon D．Among
31．A．practical B．commercial C．mathematical D．social
32．A．Otherwise B．However C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
33．A．promise B．celebration C．comfort D．experience
34．A．Competition B．service C．ceremony D．suggestion
35．A．Compromise B．impression C．impact D．progress

【答案】
16．B
17．A
18．C
19．D
20．A
21．C
22．A
23．D
24．C
25．B
26．B
27．A
28．D
29．C
30．C
31．A
32．D
33．D
34．B
35．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A. amazed惊讶的；B. mad生气的；C. curious好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“letting go of his anger”可知发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt当时很生气。故选B。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions情绪；B. career事业；C. opinions观点；D. route路线。结合后文“After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知Robbie Pruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。
18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾经；B. together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。结合上文“he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知，发现自己的车被偷，Robbie Pruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行车。A. ride骑车；B. lock锁上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根据后文“his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping”可知车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多样；C. increase增加；D. quality质量。根据上文“he found few available”可知商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification资格；C. transportation运输工具；D. permission允许。根据前后文“needed … to get to work”可知，Pruitt猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. came up with提出；B. stuck to坚持；C. gave up放弃；D. broke away from突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and posted it on the community website”指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remembered记得；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. offered提议。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。
24．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident偶然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免费；D. on credit赊账。呼应上文“fix bikes free of charge”他的修车都是免费的。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit利润；B. budget预算；C. courage勇气；D. excuse借口。根据前后文“folks who could truly use them but didn't have the…to buy one”可知，Pruitt捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明预算紧张。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A. shared共享的；B. used二手的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. modern现代的。根据上文“He also asked for unwanted bikes”可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30辆二手自行车。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiries询问；B. advertisements广告；C. notices通知；D. announcements公告。根据后文“for detailed information”可知有询问详细信息的询问。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要么返还原主。A. exported出口；B. sold出售；C. lent借给；D. returned返回，返还。结合后文“to their owners”指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。故选D。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly几乎不；B. slightly轻微地；C. truly真实地；D. instantly立即。此处呼应上文“folks who could truly use them”指Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。
30．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越过；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在……中间。结合后文“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”应用介词upon。故选C。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区感觉。A. practical实际的；B. commercial商业的；C. mathematical数学的；D. social社会的。根据上文“he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.”可知，Pruitt为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境，可知孩子们通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说：“对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的经历。”A. promise承诺；B. celebration庆祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition比赛；B. service服务；C. ceremony典礼；D. suggestion建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise妥协；B. impression印象；C. impact影响；D. progress进步。根据后文“he can make on people”可知为短语make impact on“对……产生影响”。故选C。
4.（2021年6月浙江卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___16___ and visit the doctor, providing ___17___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___18___ some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___19___ about three dollars. The only ___20___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___21___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soup. By taking of these, she was able to ___22___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people ___23___ and then go off to the side to ___24___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ___25___ came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you ___26___ ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ___27___ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ___28___ for the woman's name and address so that she could ___29___ her. The woman told her it was her ___30___ .
My mother was so ___31___ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ___32___ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough ___33___ for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ___34___ that not only helped my mother out, but ___35___ too.
16. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping
17. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter
18. A. return B. collet C. order D. buy
19. A. shot B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned
20. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason
21. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses
22. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch
23. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down
24. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag
25. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor
26. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back
27. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle
28. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched
29. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help
30. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn
31. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced
32. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that
33. A. energy B. money C. space D. time
34. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor
35. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在商店购物时，作者的母亲带的钱不够，不得不将一些东西又放回去。一位陌生女人为作者母亲买下了这些东西。陌生人的行为感动了作者的母亲，她决定将这份善意传递下去。
【小题1】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周，我带母亲去购物，看医生。exercise锻炼；housework家务活；cooking烹饪；shopping购物。根据上文中的“My mother is 92”和下一句中的“go to a nearby store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。故选D。
【小题2】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周，我都带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。reward报酬，酬谢；medicine药；company陪伴；shelter遮蔽，庇护。根据前文“My mother is 92…I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。故选C。
【小题3】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的一些小东西。return返回；collect收集；order订购；buy买。根据下文中的“small things she needs”可知，作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。故选D。
【小题4】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3美元。short缺少的；cautious谨慎的；wrong错误的；concerned关心的。根据下文中的“The only way to pay for the groceries was to take off the 39 she could do without…”可知，作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。故选A。
【小题5】考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。aim目标；way方法，方式；advice建议；reason原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不够，所以把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一“方式”。故选B。
【小题6】考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。weight重量；things东西；mask口罩；glasses眼镜。根据下文中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的“东西”。故选B。
【小题7】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额范围。raise提高；add添加；bring使……处于某种状况，使……到某地；switch转变。根据上文可知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring sth. to sth.表示“使……处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。故选C。
【小题8】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。show up出现，露面；call in叫……来，拜访；check out结账离开；sit down坐下。根据空后的“then go off to the side”可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。故选C。
【小题9】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。store贮藏；select挑选；deliver递送；bag把……装进袋子。根据下一句中的“putting her groceries into shopping bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。故选D。
【小题10】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说……。stranger陌生人；cashier收银员；friend朋友；doctor医生。根据下文中的“She ___ for the woman’s name and address”可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的姓名和地址。故选A。
【小题11】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是你放回去的东西。look for寻找；talk about谈论；throw away扔掉；put back放回。根据上一段的“…take off the ___ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，由于缺大约3美元，作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出来，放回到货架上。故选D。
【小题12】考查名词词义辨析。句意：…递给她医用酒精和肥皂。receipt收据；soap肥皂；cash现金；bottle瓶子。根据上文中的“…take off the 41 she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东西买了下来。故选B。
【小题13】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址。ask询问；wait等待；care在乎；search搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名和住址以便报答对方的帮助。故选A。
【小题14】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。repay报答；trust信任；recognize认出；help帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方的姓名和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。故选A。
【小题15】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。luck运气；chance机会；gift礼物；turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She was so ___ by her gesture that …”可知，这个女人并没有告诉作者母亲她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母亲的报答。所以这是她给母亲的“礼物”。故选C。
【小题16】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲如此感动以至于她决定回到那家商店给收银员5美元的钞票。surprised惊讶的；amused被逗乐的；touched受到触动的，感动的；convinced相信的。陌生女人的无私帮助感动了母亲。故选C。
【小题17】考查短语辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。in case以防，万一；even if即使；as though尽管；so that以便，结果……。如果其他人遇到没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西时，母亲的五美元钞票可以提供一些帮助。所以母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，就是以防同样情况的发生。故选A。
【小题18】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。energy能量，精力；money钱；space地方，空间；time时间。根据上文中的“a five-dollar bill”可知，作者母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防有人没有足够的“钱”来支付他们所购买的东西。故选B。
【小题19】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为。faith信任，信念；courage勇气；kindness善良；honor荣誉。陌生女人帮助母亲，这是一种“善意的”行为。故选C。
【小题20】考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不经帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。make one’s day使某人开心；change one’s mind改变主意；catch one’s eye吸引某人的注意力；meet one’s demand满足某人的要求。得到帮助，作者母亲心情愉悦，十分开心。故选A。
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be ___41___ to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws， ___42___ working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did， he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” ___43___ by the Italian police where things ___44___ on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There， among many other things， Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look ___45___above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder ___46___ until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily， he ___47___ the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had ___48___ from Turin. His son， age 15， who had ___49___ an art appreciation class， thought that there was something ____50____ about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought， but when he ____51____ it， he only found “Bonnard，” a French ____52____ he had never heard of. He bought a book and was ____53____ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same ____54____ as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture，”Nicolo’s son told his father. They ____55____ learned that the painting they ____56____was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They ____57____ the other painting and learned that it was ____58____ Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The ____59____ called the Italian Culture Ministry； the official confirmed that the paintings were ____60____ and worth as much as $50 million.
41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted
42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried
43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run
44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden
45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real
46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargain
47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought
48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved
49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led
50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natual
51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed
52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor
53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready
54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden
55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily
56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole
57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied
58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically
59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police
60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B 【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的because of Italy's privacy可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C项。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；C. considered考虑；D. tried尝试。根据上文的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推测Nicolo刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A项。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended参加；B. reserved保护；C. cancelled取消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown展示；B. found发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B项。
45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用的； D. real真的。根据下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价还价。根据上文的were sold to the highest bidder可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A项。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held拿着；B. left离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brought带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin搬来的。A. chosen选择；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根据上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D项。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C. taken拿；D. led导致。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C项。
50.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete具体的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B项。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated欣赏；B. touched触摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；B. designer设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor演员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A项。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room房间；B. kitchen餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。
55.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明显地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C项。
56.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. owned拥有；B. borrowed借；C. sold卖；D. stole偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们拥有它，故选A项。
57.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根据上文的but when he 51 it可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。
58.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably适合地；B. actually事实上；C. rightly正确地；D. specifically具体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。
59.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D. police警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C项。
60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. copies复制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 million可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B项。
2.（2020·山东卷）阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_____21_____. He learned the value and beauty of ____22____ there from a very young age.
When he was 16， Molai began to notice something ____23____ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____24____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____25____， the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____26____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the ____27____. The solution， of course， was to plant trees so the animals could seek ____28____ during the daytime. He turned to the ____29____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However， Molai went looking on his own and _____30_____a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
____31____ young plants in the dry season was ______32______for a lone boy. Molai built at the _____33_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform， where he placed earthen pots with small holes to______34______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai _____35_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1，360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
25.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。
28.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution， of course， was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
30.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。
34.考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。
3.（2020·浙江卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I ___36___ a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its ___37___ ， so I jumped out of the tractor to ___38___ it while Don stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mother ___39___ ， I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so ___40___ because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. ___41___ Don had somehow made the ___42___move.
My heart froze in my chest as I ___43___ the tractor heading towards the ___44___ .I ran desperately but failed to _____45_____. It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The _____46_____ thing I saw was Don’s face， looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth I _____47_____ the fence and looked over. The tractor was _____48_____against the crash barrier in the central reservation， having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the _____49_____ road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don， but as I _____50_____ the tractor he jumped out onto the road， apparently _____51_____ ， and dashed back to me.
The police _____52_____ and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my _____53_____ it turned out no one got badly hurt， but the outcome could have been _____54_____ .Don was given a special _____55_____ that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
36. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned
37. A. kids B. friends C. owner D. mother
38. A. ask about B. play with C. tend to D. run into
39. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined
40. A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult
41. A. Fortunately B. Generally C. Immediately D. Obviously
42. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence
43. A. saw B. stopped C. remembered D. drove
44. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill
45. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out
46. A. real B. best C. basic D. last
47. A. fixed B. noticed C. reached D. closed
48. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning
49. A. sleep B. long C. rough D. busy
50. A. abandoned B. approached C. recognized D. repaired
51. A. unclean B. uncertain C. unhurt D. unhappy
52. A. arrived B. replied C. survived D. waited
53. A. ability B. dream C. luck D. idea
54. A. common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful
55. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. A 【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！
36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
37.考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
38.考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
40.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
41.考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
45.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的；C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意；C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached接近；C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想；C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作；D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
【2019年】
1. 【2019·全国卷II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入
空白处的最佳选项。
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home， following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but， frightened， it had ___44___.
Back home， Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So， four days later， he called his friend Greg， and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw， across a field， the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog.
Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog， Rosie， but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan， and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___，”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs，” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog， I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard
42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
46. A. home B. past C. back D. on
47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到了主人。
41.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers一直在想关于那只狗的事，think about考虑。故选C。
42.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling发抖。故选B。
43.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth尽力做某事。故选A。
44.D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，run off“跑开”的意思。故选D。
45.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故选C。
46.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back向后，回原处。故选C。
47.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细寻找小狗，search寻找。故选D。
48.A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened， nervousness， fear等词并结合上文并根据下文Ehlers最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously谨慎地，小心地。故选A。
49.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy开心。故选B。
50.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的狗。根据本句的in the local paper及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise登广告。故选B。
51.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phone number电话号码。故选B。
52.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了电话，call打电话。故选A。
53.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，find找到。故选C。
54.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选A。
55.D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，in vain徒劳。故选D。
56.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，care关心。故选A。
57.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里远的机场，把它航空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble麻烦。故选B。
58.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，effort努力。故选C。
59.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。根据下文Ehlers说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to靠近。故选D。
60.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do乐意做某事。故选D。
2. 【2019·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
Of course， we ___42___ it when the sun is shining，" says Karin Ro， who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___， but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday， residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other，" Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3，500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___， the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents.
"It's not very ___59___，” she says， "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
50. A. day B. night C. month D. year
51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting
54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。
41.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
42.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文We see the sky is 43 ， but down in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
43.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
44.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
45.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
46.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可知，为一枚镜子，故选C。
47.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
48.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。 put sth to use把某物投入使用。
49.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
50.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故选A。
51.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
52.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
53.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。
54.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
55.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选B。
56.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
57.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
58.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。
59.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
60.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。
3. 【2019·北京卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless of the weather or the distance， Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer， 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64， 000 miles， and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians， teachers and engineers， but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers， so the next time you ride with him， he'll ___21___ those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes， Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.
Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school， Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal.
For many students， Wilson's help is not only appreciated， it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car， while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them， riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson， he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids， "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives， even just for a few hours， getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing
12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering
13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. wandered
15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations
16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already
17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded
18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication
19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious
20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers
21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme
23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm
25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates
26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate
27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange
28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced
29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment
30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。
11.C 【解析】根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。
12.D 【解析】根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。
13.B 【解析】Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64，000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。B选项正确。
14.D 【解析】Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。
15.B 【解析】根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故B选项正确。drive意为“驾车送（人）”。
16.A 【解析】这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。
17.B 【解析】根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B选项正确。
18.A 【解析】对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A选项正确。transportation意为“运送”。
19.B 【解析】Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。
20.D 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D选项正确。
21.C 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，
Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。
22.D 【解析】根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D选项正确。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。
23.C 【解析】结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration， Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。
24.A 【解析】如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A选项正确。
25.D 【解析】从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D选项正确。
26.C 【解析】根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car， while others….For them， riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C选项正确。
27.A 【解析】有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。A选项正确。
28.B 【解析】乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。
29.A 【解析】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。
30.C 【解析】Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。
4. 【2019·浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually， the ___36___ the idea is， the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month， 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.
As you can ___40___， the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year， much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers， health regulations， or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded.
For legal ___44___， most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food，" Dubanchet said.
What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There， he had to ___49___ at some ___50___ different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
"I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___，"
Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing， not what I am eating."
He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck， he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.
36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably
39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream
40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember
41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away
42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned
43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold
44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids
45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing
46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked
47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely
48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest
49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump
50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge
51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable
52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast
53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort
54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket
55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。
36. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Usually， the 36 the idea is， the more it gets noticed.可知这里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更简单的，故选C。
37. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe， surviving 38 on discarded(丢弃) food.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving爱好体育的；C. food-wasting浪费食物的； D. law-breaking破坏法律的，故选A。
38. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely完全地；D. probably很可能，故选C。
39. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose目的；B.way道路；C.opinion意见；D. dream梦想，故选B。
40. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建议；D. remember记得，故选B。
41. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . store存储；B.cook做饭；C. shop for购买某物；D. throw away扔掉，故选D。
42.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据it remains inaccessible可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.locked上锁的；B . damaged被损坏的；C.connected连接的；D. abandoned被抛弃的，故选A。
43. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bought买；B. offered提供；C . ordered命令；D. sold销售，故选B。
44. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons原因；B. rights权利；C.fees费用；D. aids援助，故选A。
45.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A. begging for乞求； B. giving away分发；C . hiding隐藏；D. causing造成，故选B。
46. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did做；B. kept保持；C.accepted接受；D. risked冒…的危险，故选D。
47. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。A.hardly几乎不；B. usually 通常；C . particularly特别是；D . merely仅仅，故选C。
48. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest最容易的；B . nearest最近的；C . biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的，故选A。
49. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。A.work工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask询问；D. jump跳跃，故选C。
50. D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. competition竞赛；B. conversation会话；C. conflict冲突；D. challenge挑战，故选D。
51. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的；D. suitable适当的，故选C。
52.D 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。A.again再一次；B. alone独自地；C . later后来；D. fast迅速地，故选D。
53. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit精神；
B . energy能量；C.time时间；D. effort努力，故选B。
54.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据That is the most important thing， not what I am eating.可知这里意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket篮子，故选A。
55. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据With any luck， he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知这里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B . restart重新开始；C. report报告；D. finish结束，故选D。
【2018年】
1.【2018·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two weeks earlier， my son， Ben， had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine， and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 ， I realized one kayak（皮划艇） was in 47 . ＂Something’s not 48 !＂ I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face， something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . ＂What’s his name?＂ I asked the instructor. ＂Ben，＂ he replied， and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 ， after a brief stay in hospital， Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. ＂I just want to say thank you，＂ he said. ＂You 58 my life!＂
I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.
41. A. also B. often C. even D. last
42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry
43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed
44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle
45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed
46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser
47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle
48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit
49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell
50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking
51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep
52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed
53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar
54. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew
55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly
56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave
57. A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed
58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided
59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain
60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。
41.D 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故选D项切题。
42.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；C. anger怒，忿怒；D. worry担心。故选A项切题。
43.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared惊恐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. thrilled欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed惭愧的。故选C项切题。
44.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见
面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留； C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。
45.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。
46.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。
47.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。
48.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真实的；B. right正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。
49.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳水；D. fell打倒；击倒。故选C项切题。
50.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊；D. shaking摇动。故选D项切题。
51.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。
52.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选B项切题。
53.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。
54.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。故选D项切题。
55.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。
56.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。
57.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢。A. joked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出。故选B项切题。
58.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题。
59.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。
60.B 【解析】考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board在船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure肯定；D. on purpose目的。故选B项切题。
2.【2018·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person， we usually say ＂sorry，
41 number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him， he did something 43 .
On March 19， Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital， waiting for the 45 of a baby.
＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken，＂ Dennis 46 . The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother， Teresa. In her 48 ， she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well， I don’t 50 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby，＂ replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in.
Much to the family’s surprise， Dennis stuck to his 52 ! He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally 54 by the unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we 55 it and the gifts.＂
Teresa 56 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website 57 by the touching words: ＂What a 58 this young man was to our family! He was so 59 and kind to do this.＂ The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61，500 likes in just three days.
41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong
42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed
43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical
44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning
45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival
46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated
47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around
48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort
49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing
50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother
51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors
52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle
53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated
55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect
56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted
57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied
58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem
59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair
60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dennis Williams认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受感动的故事。
41. D 【解析】考查形容词。根据后文But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him， he did something 43 以及后文他所做的事情可以得知，大部分人会回应拨错号了。A. unlucky不幸的；B. secret秘密的；C. new新的；D. wrong错误的。故选D。
42.A 【解析】考查动词。根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received收到；B. translated翻译；C. copied复制；D. printed印刷。故选A。
43.B 【解析】考查形容词。根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用special合适。A. reasonable合理的；B. special特别的；C. necessary必要的；D. practical现实可行的。
44.C 【解析】考查动词。根据后句a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital， waiting for the ____ of a baby.可知，这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息。A. convincing让人信服的；B. reminding提醒；C. informing通知；D. warning警告。故选C。
45.D 【解析】考查名词。根据下文The baby was born可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。A. wake-up醒来；B. recovery恢复；C. growth成长；D. arrival到来。故选D。
46. A 【解析】考查动词。根据前句内容可知，这是Dennis的回复。A. responded回复；B. interrupted打断；C. predicted预料；D. repeated重复。故选A。
47.A 【解析】考查动词短语。根据本句The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother， Teresa.可知，消息很快再次进来。A. coming in进来；B. setting out着手；C. passing down使流传；D. moving around走来走去。故选Ａ。
48. C 【解析】考查名词。根据本句In her 48 ， she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到把照片分享给了陌生人。A. opinion观点；B. anxiety焦虑；C. excitement兴奋；D. effort努力。故选C。
49.D 【解析】考查动词。根据后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa发来的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分享了照片。A. comparing比较；B. exchanging交换；C. discussing讨论；D. sharing分享。故选D。
50.B 【解析】考查动词。根据前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know可知，Dennis不认识他们。A. accept接受；B. know认识，了解；C. believe相信；D. bother打扰，麻烦。故选Ｂ。
51.A 【解析】考查名词。根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母。A. parents父母；B. doctors医生；C. patients病人；D. visitors游客。故选A。
52.B 【解析】考查名词。根据后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈Lindsey和她的孩子礼物的承诺。A. dream梦想；B. promise承诺；C. agenda会议议程；D. principle原则。故选B。
53.A 【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的。A. bearing携带，拿；B. collecting收集；C. opening打开；D. making制造。故选A。
54.C 【解析】考查形容词。根据unexpected可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶。A. discouraged沮丧；B. relaxed放松的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. defeated打败的。故选C。
55.C 【解析】考查动词。根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa夫妇十分感激Dennis的到来以及带来的礼物。A. admit承认；B. need需要；C. appreciate感激；D. expect期望。故选C。
56.D【解析】考查动词。根据后文The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61， 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片贴到了网上。A. found发现；B. selected选择；C. developed发展；D. posted发帖。故选D。
57.D 【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字。A. confirmed确定；B. simplified简化；C. clarified分类；D. accompanied伴随着。故选D。
58.B 【解析】考查名词。根据语境可推知，这位母亲认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福。A. pity同情，怜悯；B. blessing祝福；C. relief放松，如释重负；D. problem问题。故选B。
59.C【解析】考查形容词。根据语境He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，与kind并列，所以用sweet，表甜美善良。A. smart聪明的；B. calm冷静的；C. sweet甜美的；D. fair公平的。故选C。
60. B 【解析】考查名词。根据文章最后一句The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world， receiving more than 184，000 shares and 61， 500 likes in just three days.可知，三天里有184，000人分享，61，500点赞，所以是引起了极大关注。A. sympathy同情；B. attention关注；C. control控制；D. trust信任。故选B。
3.【2018·北京卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Homeless Hero
For many， finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the 16 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 17 more remarkable.
After spotting a 18 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down， he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 19 to return.
After hours in the cold and wet， he 20 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver， only to 21 it contained £400 in notes， with another £50 in spare change beside it.
He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 22 a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth £35， 000—in Glasgow city centre， they were 23 to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was 24 .
The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 25 .
Mr. Anderson said: ＂I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight 26 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and 27 he didn’t take the wallet for himself；he thought about others 28 . It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are 29 guys out there.＂
Mr. Smith’s act 30 much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 31 about the act of kindness on Facebook.
Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 32 money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area， which by yesterday had received £8，000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown 33 him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street； he’s had job 34 and all sorts，＂ Mr. Anderson commented.
For Mr. Smith， this is a possible life-changing 35 . The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.
16. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort
17. A. still B. even C. ever D. once
18. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel
19. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman
20. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached
21. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe
22. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing
23. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked
24. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen
25. A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement
26. A. when B. if C. where D. because
27. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just
28. A. too B. though C. again D. instead
29. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous
30. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew
31. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard
32. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn
33. A. of B. at C. for D. in
34. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications
35. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章讲述了流浪汉Tom发现一辆车窗开着的汽车前座上有一个钱包。Tom冒雨等了数个小时，在查找不到车主身份的情况下将钱包交到了警察局。钱包的主人Mr. Anderson在得知一切后，将Tom的善举发布到了Facebook上。Tom的行为引发了人们的好评和帮助。这件事印证了一句俗语：善有善报。
16.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. hope希望；B. aim目标；C. urge强烈的欲望，冲动；D. effort努力。上一句提到，对很多人来说，一个装有£400无人看管的钱包是一种诱惑（它诱惑着人们将其据为己有）。结合该句中的比较级greater可知，对于一个无家可归的人来说，这样的一个钱包是一个更大的诱惑，将其据为己有的欲望会更大。该空对应上一句中的“a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）”，C选项正确。
17.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. still仍然；B. even更加，愈发，甚至；C. ever曾经；D. once曾经，一度。所有这一切使得流浪汉Tom Smith的行为更加的不同寻常。even在该句中修饰比较级more remarkable。B选项正确。
18.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. wallet钱包；B. bag包；C. box盒子，箱子；D. parcel包裹，包袱。由第三段中的After hours in the cold and wet， he 20 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID可知，Tom Smith发现一辆汽车的前排座上有一个钱包。当时这辆车停在那儿，窗户摇了下来。A选项正确。
19.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. partner同伴，伙伴；B. colleague同事；C. owner主人；D. policeman警察。Tom冒雨等待车主回来。C选项正确。
20.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. turned转动；B. hid藏，隐藏；C. stepped迈步，举步；D. reached伸手去拿，到达。由后面的pulled the wallet out可知，在雨里等了数个小时后，Tom将手伸进车窗，将钱包拿了出来。D选项正确。
21.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. discover发现；B. collect搜集；C. check核对，检查；D. believe相信。Tom将钱包拿出来企图找到一些身份证明，这样他就能联系司机了，结果他却发现钱包里装着£400的纸币和£50的零钱。A选项正确。
22.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. taking带走；B. leaving留下，落下，离开；C. reading读；D. writing写。他拿着钱包去了附近的警察局，在车上留下了一张便条，其目的是让车主知道他的钱包是安全的。B选项正确。
23.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfied满意的；B. excited兴奋的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. shocked震惊的。当车主返回时，发现自己的车边有警察，应该感到很惊讶。故D选项正确。
24.A 【解析】考查形容词/动词词义辨析。A. safe安全的；B. missing不见的，丢失的；C. found发现，找到；D. seen看见。由该段开头可知，Tom将钱包带去了警察局，因此该处警察告诉John他的钱包是安全的。A选项正确。
25.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. service服务；B. support支持；C. kindness善意，善良；D. encouragement鼓励。Tom将钱包交给警察，没有据为己有，这是一种善举。故C选项正确。
26.A 【解析】考查状语从句引导词。A. when在……情况下，既然；B. if如果；C. where表地点；D. because因为。在Tom本来可以偷了钱去支付一个可以睡觉的地方的情况下，他仍然选择了露宿街头（没有偷钱）。所以Mr. Anderson对Tom的行为感到很惊讶。A选项正确。
27.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. rather相当；B. yet但是；C. already已经；D. just仅仅。Tom什么都没有，但是他没有拿走钱包。前后两句话之间是转折关系，故B选项正确。
28D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. too也；B. though但是；C. again再，又；D. instead代替。Tom没有拿走钱包，他考虑的是别人，没有考虑自己。D选项正确。
29.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. honest诚实的；B. polite礼貌的；C. rich富有的；D. generous慷慨的。Tom没有拿走钱包，而是把它交到了警察局，这是一种诚实的行为。A选项正确。
30.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. gave给；B. paid支付；C. cast投掷，投射；D. drew吸引。Tom的行为吸引了公众的关注。D选项正确。
31.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. learned学习，学会；B. posted发布，张贴；C. cared关心，在意；D. heard听到。由后面的Facebook(一个社交网站)可知，在Mr. Anderson将Tom的善举发布到Facebook上之后，Tom赢得了社交媒体使用者的赞扬。B选项正确。
32.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. borrow借；B. raise筹集；C. save挽救，节省；D. earn挣（钱）。Mr. Anderson在网上发起一个运动来为Tom和其他无家可归的人筹钱。B选项正确。
33.D 【解析】考查介词。大家向Tom表示出的信任触动了Tom。faith意为“信任，相信”，常和介词in搭配，意为“对……的信任，相信……”，故D选项正确。
34.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. details细节；B. changes改变；C. offers提供（物），给予（物），提议；D. applications应用，申请。该句应指Tom得到了人们的帮助，人们为他提供工作和其他的东西。C选项正确。
35.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. lesson课；B. adventure冒险；C. chance机会；D. challenge挑战。这件事对于流浪汉Tom来说是一个可以改变终生的机会。C选项正确。
4.【2018·天津卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 16 .
I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. I took the head 18 job at a school in Baxley， Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach， and they didn’t even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it， I came to 22 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia， but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential.
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 . Most important， I began to treat them like 26 . That summer， When the other teams enjoyed their 27 ， we met every day and 28 passing and kicking the football.
Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field， we won our first game and our second， and continued to 30 . Finally， we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia， giving me one of the greatest 32 of my life!
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35 ， and they built themselves into winners.
Winners are made， but born.
16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature
17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show
18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching
19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new
20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with
21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret
22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand
23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about
24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention
25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship
26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners
27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor
28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced
29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake
30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend
31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor
32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers
33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect
34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed
35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。多年前作者担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学校的新队。作者开始反思，不停的训练和鼓励队员，最终不可思议的赢得州里最强的对手。从这次经历中，作者感悟到：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。
16.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck幸运；B. tests测试；C. efforts努力；D. nature自然。根据前一句No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。故选C。
17.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment实验；B. experience经历；C. visit参观；D. show展示。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选B。
18.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. consulting咨询；D. coaching指导。根据后文Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。
19.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successful成功的；B. excellent杰出的；C. strong强壮的；D. new新的。根据前半句It was a tradition for the school’s old team中的old team提示可知，春季训练结束时，学校新老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选D。
20.B 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. cheer for为……欢呼；B. prepare for为……准备；C. help with帮助某人做……；D. finish with结束于；和. ……断绝关系。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习来准备比赛。故选B。
21.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. believe相信；B. agree同意；C. describe描述；D. regret后悔。根据前句but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。故选A。
22.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. realize意识到；B. claim宣称；C. permit允许；D. demand要求。短语come to realize开始意识到。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。故选A。
23.C 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. reacting to对……起反应；B. looking for寻找；C. depending on依靠；D. caring about关心。但他们都在依靠我。故选C。
24.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. decision决定；B. attitude态度；C. conclusion结论；D. intention意图。我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选B。
25.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. pride自豪，自尊心；B. culture文化；C. fortune幸运；D. relationship关系。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选A。
26.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. leaders领导；B. partners伙伴；C. winners获胜者；D. learners学习者。根据后文Instead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and____19____them.以及文中最后一句提示可知，作者开始像获胜者对待他们。故选C。
27.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. reward报酬；B. vacations假期；C. health健康；D. honor荣誉。根据That summer可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选B。
28.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. risked冒险；B. missed错过；C. considered考虑；D. practiced练习。根据上文The old team had no coach， and they didn't even practice to ____5____the game.提示可得出答案。这里指练习传球和踢球。故选D。
29.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. defeat打败；B. decline跌落；C. accident事故；D. mistake错误。根据上文but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季训练赛场遭受失败之后。故选A。
30.B 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. relax放松；B. improve提高，改善；C. expand扩大；D. defend防御。根据前句we won our first game and our second可知，我们继续在提高。故选B。
31.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. shame羞愧；B. burden负担；C. victory胜利；D. favor赞成。即使我们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选C。
32.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. chances机会；B. thrills激动；C. concerns关心；D. offers提供。根据前句My boys beat the best team in Georgia可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选B。
33.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. surprise惊讶；B. serve服务；C. interest兴趣；D. offers提供。从这次经历，我意识到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选D。
34.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. encouraged鼓励；B. observed观察；C. protected保护；D. impressed影响。根据I pushed可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选A。
35.D 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. honestly诚实地；B. individually个别地；C. calmly镇静地；D. differently不同地。根据后句and they built themselves into winners.可知，我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。故选D。
5.【2018·江苏】
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been
36 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse， Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a 37 disease. There was no 38 ， only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out， they decided to make a 39 journey， as they caught sight of an old
hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery. When leaving home， Raynor and
Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles， with the 42 hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is 43 in England. To avoid being caught， the Winns had to get their tent up 44
and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath. Moth， meanwhile， after an initial 47 ， found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.
49 ， the couple found that their bodies turned for the better， with re-found strong muscles that they
thought had 50 forever. ＂Our hair was fried and falling out， nails broken， clothes 51 to a thread， but we were alive.＂
During the journey， Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes， ＂ 52 had taken every
material thing from me and left me torn bare， an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book. It had also given me a 54 ， either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.＂
36. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up
37. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious
38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise
39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail
40. A. expected B. frightening   C. disappointing  D. surprising
41. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance
42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant
43. A. unpopular  B. lawful  C. attractive  D. illegal
44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly
45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier
46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled
47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research
48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased
49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently
50. A. gained  B. kept C. wounded D. lost
51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed
52. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness
53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally
54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break
55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Winn夫妇投资失败变得一无所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被诊断为重疾。然而他们没有放弃，决定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的症状渐渐减少了，夫妇二人变得越来越强壮了，妻子也开始了自然作家的生涯。
36.B 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. drawn up起草；B. used up用光；C. backed up拥堵；D. kept up保持。根据后面的to pay lawyers’ fees.提示可知，他们的积蓄都用光了。故选B。
37.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. mild 温和的；B. common共同的；C. preventable可预防的；D. serious严重的。根据后句There was no 38 ， only pain relief.可知，Moth被诊断为严重的疾病。故选D。
38.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. cure对策；B. luck幸运；C. care关心；D. promise诺言。名词cure在这里表示“治疗的方法”。没有任何治疗的方法，只有止疼。故选A。
39.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. business事务；B. walking走；C. bus公交；D. rail栏杆。根据后句as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他们决定作一次徒步旅行。故选B。
40.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. expected预期的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。这是一次漫长的旅程，经历了不寻常的艰苦和惊人的恢复。故选D。
41.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. budget预算；B. revenue税收；C. compensation 赔偿； D. allowance津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。
42.B 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. frequent频繁的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. abundant大量的； D. constant不断的。偶尔到汉堡包店款待。故选B。
43.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. unpopular不受欢迎的；B. lawful合法的；C. attractive 吸引人的；D. illegal非法的。根据后句To avoid being caught，可知，在英国，野营是非法的。故选D。
44.C 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. soon不久；B. early早的；C. late迟的；D. slowly慢慢地。根据后句and packed it away early in the morning.中的early提示可知，他们不得不晚些时候把帐篷搭起来。故选C。
45.A 【解析】考查形容词比较级以及对语境的理解。A. harder更难的；B. easier更容易的；C. cheaper更便宜的；D. funnier可笑的。根据常识可知，Winns夫妇很快发现在他们50多岁的每日徒步旅行要比他们所记的在他们20多岁的每日徒步旅行要艰难的很多。故选A。
46.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. rolled滚动；B. bled流血；C. ached疼；D. trembled发抖。根据常识可知，Raynor浑身疼。故选C。
47.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. struggle斗争；B. progress进展；C. excitement激动；D. research研究。经过最初的与病魔作斗争。故选A。
48.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. developed发展；B. controlled控制；C. reduced减少；D. increased增加。发现他的症状不可思议的减少了。故选C。
49.B 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. Initially起初；B. Eventually最终；C. Temporarily临时地；D. Consequently因此。最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。
50.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. gained获得；B. kept保持；C. wounded受伤；D. lost失去。根据前句with re-found strong muscles 可知他们原以为永远失去的强壮的肌肉又再现了。故选D。
51.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. sewn缝；B. washed洗；C. worn穿破；D. ironed熨。这里指他们的衣服破成了线状物。故选C。
52.D 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. Doctors医生；B. Hiking徒步旅行；C. Lawyers律师；D. Homelessness无家可归。无家可归夺走了我所有的物质。故选D。
53.B 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。 A. well好；B. partly部分地；C. neatly整洁地；D. originally起初。在写已好书中的部分，最后有一页空白页。故选B。
54.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. choice选择；B. reward报酬；C. promise许诺； D. break休息。根据后句either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中either … or …可知这里是一种选择。它也给我一种选择。故选A。
55.C 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. loose宽松的；B. full满的；C. blank空白的；D. missing失踪的。根据前文中an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.可知要么留下那页空白，要么继续写着希望的故事。故选C。
【2017年】
1.【2017·北京卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba， Canada. One day， when she was five years old， she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 . She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ， but， of course， there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决) the problem of homelessness.
Later， when Hannah attended school， she saw another homeless person. It was a woman， 39 an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad， and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad， she wouldn’t 43 as bad.
Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation， an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 ＂Big Bosses＂ lunches， where she would try to persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐) drive in
＂Ladybug Jars＂ to collect everyone’s spare change during ＂Make Change＂ month. More recently， the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day — a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada’s 48 and homeless.
There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called ＂Hannah’s Place＂， something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah’s Place is divided into several areas， providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities， she has received a lot of 51 . For example， she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this， Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl， except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can， too!
36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving
37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset
38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work
39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding
40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags
41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful
42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as
43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look
44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread
45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack
46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree
47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial
48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick
49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure
50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing
51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments
52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts
53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along
54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough
55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference
【文章大意】本文讲述Hannah Taylor通过自己的努力来建立公益组织筹集资金帮助那些无家可归忍饥挨饿的人。
36.B 【解析】考查动词。A. jumping跳B. eating 吃C. crying哭D. waving挥手。他们看见一个人从垃圾桶里捡东西吃，根据后文的hungry可知答案为B。
37.D 【解析】考查形容词。A. annoyed生气的B. nervous紧张的C. ashamed羞耻的D. upset难过的。Hannah看到那一情景，肯定很难过，故选D。
38.C 【解析】考查动词。A. behave表现，行为举止B. manage成功做C. help帮助D. work工作。Hannah开始思考她如何能帮到他们，根据句意可知选C。
39.A 【解析】考查动词。A. pushing推B. carrying拿C. buying买D. holding握。购物车肯定是推着的，根据逻辑常识可推出，故选A。
40.D 【解析】考查名词。A. goods货物B. bottles瓶子C. foods食物D. bags包。因为是流浪者，所以随身的东西肯定都是用包装好的，故车上堆满了包，里面装满了东西，故选D。
41.B 【解析】考查形容词。A. excited 激动的B. determined下决心的，坚定的C. energetic精力充沛的D. grateful感激的。Hannah很难过，所以她更加下定决心一定要把这件事做好，故选B。
42.C 【解析】考查连词。A. since自从B. unless除非C. although尽管D. as因为。句意：自从他们第一次看到无家可归的人，Hannah就一直在跟她的妈妈说流浪者的生活，根据句意可知选A。
43.C 【解析】考查动词。A. sound 听B. get获得C. feel 感觉D. look看。她妈妈告诉她只要她付出努力去改变那些让她难过的事情，就不会和以前一样感觉那么糟糕了，此处指的是感觉上，故选C。
44.D 【解析】考查动词。A. exchange交换B. leave离开C. keep保持D. spread传播。她希望她那带着希望和意识的信息能够传播开来，根据句意可知选D。
45.C 【解析】考查动词。A. sell卖B. deliver传送； 投递C. host主办宴会D. pack打包。 她开始主办大老板午餐会，说服那些商业领导们为她的慈善事业做出一些奉献，此处考查host的特殊用法，主办宴会的意思，符合语境，选C。
46.A 【解析】考查动词。A. contribute贡献，捐献B. lead领导C. apply申请，应用D. agree同意。她试图劝说那些商业领导们能为她的慈善事业做出些奉献，根据句意可知选A。
47.A 【解析】考查名词。A. campaign 运动B. trip旅行C. procedure过程D. trial实验。基金会又举办了一项运动，来筹集资金，根据句意和逻辑推理可知选A。
48.B 【解析】考查形容词。A. elderly 年纪大的B. hungry饥饿的C. lonely 孤独的D. sick生病的。此处是指为那些饥饿的人和无家可归的人，前文中第一次出现的就是从垃圾桶里找东西吃的人让Hannah很难过，所以她的帮助对象肯定包含饥饿的人，故选B。
49.C 【解析】考查形容词。A. aware意识的B. afraid害怕的C. proud 骄傲的D. sure肯定的。前面提到为那些无家可归的人见建了一个名为Hannah’s Place的地方，以她的名字命名的，所以 Hannah肯定非常骄傲，自豪，故选C。
50.B 【解析】考查动词。A. going去B. sleeping睡C. traveling旅行D. playing玩。当天冷到在室外睡觉就意味着死的时候，这个避难所就会给那些无家可归的人，根据句意可知选B。
51.A 【解析】考查名词。A. praises赞美B. invitations邀请C. replies回复D. appointments约会。她收到了很多的赞美。因为下文有这方面的举例，给她颁奖，故答案为A。
52.D 【解析】考查名词。A. needs需要B. interests兴趣C. dreams梦想D. efforts努力。此处是指这个奖项是为了认可年轻人改变这个世界所作出的努力，根据句意可知选D。
53.B 【解析】考查介词。A. for为了B. through通过C. besides此外D. along沿着。但是经过所有这些之后，Hannah依然过着Winnipeg学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知选B。
54.D 【解析】考查形容词。A. healthy健康的B. public公共的C. normal正常的，普通的D. tough艰难的。Hannah依然过着Winnipeg学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知答案为C。
55.D 【解析】考查名词。A. choice选择B. profit利润C. judgement判断D. difference不同。此处为固定短语：make a difference起作用，有影响，故选D。
2.【2017·江苏卷】
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school， Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students， 　36　across the campus with their heavy instrument cases， 　37　at school for practice hours 　38　anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to 　39　music， as he hated getting to school extra early.
　40　， one day， in the music class that was 　41　of his school’s standard curriculum， he was playing idly(随意地) on the piano and found it 　42　to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling， he realized that he actually 　43　doing it. He tried to hide his 　44　pleasure from the music teacher， who had 　45　over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well， 　46　the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good 　47　and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there 　48　him. There he decided to give the cello(大提琴) a 　49　. When he began practicing， he took it very 　50　. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument， and was 　51　to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
This 　52　， of course， that he arrived at school early in the morning， 　53　his heavy instrument case across the campus to the 　54　looks of the non-musicians he had left　55　.
36. A. travelling B. marching C. pacing D. struggling
37. A. rising up B. coming up C. driving up D. turning up
38. A. before B. after C. until D. since
39. A. betray B. accept C. avoid D. appreciate
40. A. Therefore B. However C. Thus D. Moreover
41. A. part B. nature C. basis D. spirit
42. A. complicated B. safe C. confusing D. easy
43. A. missed B. disliked C. enjoyed D. denied
44. A. transparent B. obvious C. false D. similar
45. A. run B. jogged C. jumped D. wandered
46. A. because B. but C. though D. so
47. A. ear B. taste C. heart D. voice
48. A. occurred to B. took to C. appealed to D. held to
49. A. change B. chance C. mission D. function
50. A. seriously B. proudly C. casually D. naturally
51. A. committed B. used C. limited D. admitted
52. A. proved B. showed C. stressed D. meant
53. A. pushing B. dragging C. lifting D. rushing
54. A. admiring B. pitying C. annoying D. teasing
55. A. over B. aside C. behind D. out
【文章大意】文章描述了主人公Gabriel从不喜欢音乐到喜欢的过程。每个人都应该发现自己的兴趣所在，并为其投入时间和精力。
36.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据“with their heavy instrument cases”可知，每天上学的时候，Gabriel总是同情地看着背着沉重的乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中，struggle努力，艰难地行进，符合语境。
37. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据“ __37__at school for practice hours __38__ anyone else”可知，学习音乐的同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时，为了练习弹奏乐器，turn up原意“调高(音量)”，在此意为“出现”，符合语境。
38.A 【解析】考查连词。“anyone else”指不学音乐的学生，学习音乐的要比规定的到校时间早到几个小时，before anyone else had to be there比规定的到校时间早几个小时。这也是Gabriel不想学习音乐的原因之一。
39.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。本题需要结合语境进行选择。根据“as he hated getting to school extra early”可知，Gabriel讨厌过早到校，因此他对自己发誓“不学”音乐，A背叛；B接受；C避免，避开；D欣赏。注意单词在文章中的灵活翻译，只有C项符合语境。
40.B 【解析】考查副词辨析。本段讲Gabriel在一次音乐课上意外发现自己很喜欢音乐，与上一段是转折关系，故选B。
41.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。that was __41__of his school’s standard curriculum是定语从句，音乐课是学校的标准课程的一部分，言外之意就是说，每个学生都得上这门音乐课。
42.D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下句“actually... tried to hide... pleasure”等词或词组可以看出，Gabriel在音乐中找到了乐趣，并试图隐藏这份愉悦，由此可知，第38空的意思是“演奏音乐很容易”。只有D项符合语境。
43.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据actually可知，Gabriel对音乐的看法有了变化，他实际上是喜欢音乐的，A、B、D都是有否定倾向的词，不符合语境。
44.B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。Gabriel不想让音乐老师看到自己表露出来的很明显的喜悦之情，transparent指(言、借口)易看穿的；obvious明显的，显然的，故选B。
45.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A.run 跑，经营；B.jogged慢跑；C.jumped跳；D.wandered漫游，闲逛，徘徊。音乐老师在教室里来回走动，听到Gabriel弹奏钢琴的声音，就走过来聆听。wander符合语境。
46.A 【解析】考查连词辨析。根据“and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments”可知，老师让Gabriel挑选乐器，说明他弹得不够好，钢琴不太适合他，因此可知此处是因果关系。
47.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。老师认为Gabriel有着很好辨音能力，并建议他去挑一件称心的乐器。ear辨音力，灵敏的听力；taste鉴赏力，欣赏力，指对作品的欣赏能力。由于Gabriel没有经过专业的训练，不能说他有很好的音乐鉴赏能力，taste不符合语境。
48.C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A.occur to sb某人突然想起；B.take to开始喜欢；C.appeal to有吸引力，引起兴趣；D.hold to抓住。老师让Gabriel找一件自己喜欢的乐器。
49.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A.change改变，零钱；B.chance机会，可能性；C.mission任务；D.function功能。Gabriel准备试一下大提琴。给大提琴一次机会，即尝试拉一下大提琴，其余不符合语境。
50.C 【解析】考查副词辨析。根据But可知，前后是转折关系，下句说Gabriel发现自己很喜欢大提琴，说明前一句是说他只是随便拉一下。
51.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。be committed to sth/ doing sth致力于；be used to doing sth某人习惯于做某事；be limited to被限制在；be admitted to被录取，允许进入某地。根据“so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well”可知，花了几个月的时间练习之后，Gabriel的大提琴已经拉得非常好了。
52.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。本段与第一段呼应。学习音乐意味着早到学校，要把沉重的乐器背来背去，meant在此意为“意味着”，构成句型It/This means that...这就意味着……
53.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。开始学习音乐之后，Gabriel不得不拖着沉重的乐器早早地到学校练习拉琴。drag指吃力地拖、拉某物，符合语境。
54.B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据“non-musicians”可知，这里指不学音乐的学生的表情，根据第一段可知，不学音乐的学生对学音乐的投去同情的目光，故选pitying。
55.C 【解析】考查介词辨析。leave aside搁置一边；leave sb/sth behind把……抛在后面，超过；leave out遗漏，不提及。学习音乐就意味着要被其他学生用同情的目光注视，这里指Gabriel走过去之后，身后的学生对他投来同情的目光。同情的目光来自被Gabriel“超过”的学生。
3.【2017·全国卷Ⅰ】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life， college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL — American Sign Language(美式手语).
I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing， and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.
The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 . This newness just left me ___51___ more.
After that， feeling the need to 52 further， I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club’s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress， I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term， I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 ， if there had been any talking， it would have 59 us to learn less. Now， I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.
41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal
42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion
43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create
44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken
45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request
46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task
47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed
48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason
49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted
50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance
51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting
52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain
53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count
54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious
55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize
56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for
57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated
58. A. Lastly     B. Thus    C. Instead   D. However
59. A. required   B. caused    C. allowed   D. expected
60. A. easy    B. popular    C. quick     D. new
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己没有必要学习手语，直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演，作者深深地为之吸引，从而产生了学习手语的渴望。
41. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。searching寻找的，探索的；planning计划的；natural自然的；formal正式的。句意：我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据前文While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life， college sets the stage for that exploration可知大学为探索提供了舞台，所以这里指的是作者＂探索＂的过程。故选A。
42. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。progress进步；experience经历；major主修科目；opinion观点。句意：我发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。故选B。
43. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。choose选择；read看，读；learn学习；create创造。句意：我以前从没有过学习手语的冲动。故选C。
44. D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。official官方的；foreign外国的；body肢体的；spoken口语的。根据前文My entire family is hearing， and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，因此作者认为在平时的交流中，口语就足够了。spoken language口语。故选D。
45. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。love热爱；concern关心，顾虑；goal目标；request请求。句意：我没想过我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before表明作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选A。
46. C 【解析】考查名词辨析。meeting会议；trip旅行；story故事；task任务。句意：故事发生在我上大学的第一周。分析语境可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选C。
47. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。record记录；perform表现，表演；recite背诵；discuss讨论。句意：我观看他们在ASL俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译。分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，因此他们应该是在用手语表演一首歌。故选B。
48. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。idea想法；amount数量；dream梦想；reason原因。句意：手的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我。分析语境可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了帮助人们交流而设计的手势。故选A。
49. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。disturb打扰；support支持；embarrass使……难堪；attract吸引。分析语境可知ASL俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会主动去学习手语。故选D。
50. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。end结束，末尾；past过去；course课程；distance距离。句意：我所看到的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。in the past在过去。故选B。
51. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。show展示；act行动；say说；want想要。句意：这种新奇的感觉使我想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解手语，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议，上手语课的经历。故选D。
52. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。exercise锻炼；explore探索；express表达；explain解释。句意：在那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多(关于手语的东西)，于是我决定参加ASL俱乐部的一次会议。故选B。
53. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。print打印；write写；sign签名，打手语；count数。句意：那天我只学会了打字母表的手语。分析语境可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的打字母表的手语。故选C。
54. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。slow缓慢的；steady平稳的；normal正常的；obvious明显的。句意：我并没有因为自己进步缓慢而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了打字母表的手语，所以进步是很慢的。故选A。
55. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。chair主持，使……入座；sponsor赞助；attend参加；organize组织。句意：之后我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议，学习我能学习的一切。attend a meeting参加会议。故选C。
56. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。miss错过，想念；pass通过；give up放弃；register for报名，注册。句意：接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选D。
57. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。prohibit禁止；welcome欢迎；ignore忽视；repeat重复。句意：教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文if there had been any talking可知在课堂上禁止用口语交流。故选A。
58. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。lastly最后，终于；thus因此，如此；instead反而，相反地；however然而。句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的，反而有口语交流会影响他们学习手语。故选C。
59. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。require要求；cause造成；allow允许；expect期待。句意：如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选B。
60. D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。easy简单的；popular受欢迎的；quick快速的；new新的。句意：现在我很感激当时的安静，并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式。分析语境可知手语对于作者来说是一种新的交流方式，故选D。
4. 【2017·全国卷Ⅱ】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 1973， I was teaching elementary school. Each day， 27 kids 　41　"The Thinking Laboratory."That was the 　42　students voted for after deciding that "Room 104" was too 　43　.
Freddy was an average 　44　， but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情). He would 　45　the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s 　46　.
Before the school year 　47　， I gave the kids a special 　48　， T-shirts with the words "Verbs Are Your 　49　" on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词)may seem dull， most of the 　50　things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years， I’d run into former students who would provide 　51　on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 　52　from high school and remained the same 　53　person I met forty years before. Once， while working overnight at a store， he let a homeless man 　54　in his truck. Another time， he 　55　a friend money to buy a house.
Just last year， I was 　56　a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 　57　the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 　58　it up. Inside were the "Verbs" shirt and a 　59　from Freddy’s mother. "Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this."
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was， I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us， we all 　60　something from Freddy.
41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran
42. A.name B. rule C. brand D. plan
43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull
44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker
45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh
46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake
47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended
48. A. lesson B. gift C. report D. message
49. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks
50. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever
51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates
52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation
53. A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart
54. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live
55. A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed
56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting
57. A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored
58. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held
59. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary
60. A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的学生Freddy的性格特征，以及多年后他的生活和工作状况，并说明了作者自己从他身上学到了一些东西。
41. B 【解析】考查动词。在1973年，作者正在教小学。每天27个小孩进入"思想实验室"。enter "进入"，符合语境。build "建造"；decorate "装饰"；run"管理，经营"。
42. A 【解析】考查名词。根据下文的"Room 104"可知，"The Thinking Laboratory"是学生们选举出来的名字。name"名字"；rule"规则"；brand "品牌"；plan"计划"。故选A项。
43. D 【解析】考查形容词。Room 104这个名字被学生们选举换成The Thinking Laboratory，所以可判断出学生们认为Room 104这个名字太乏味了。dull "枯燥的，无趣的"，符合语境。故选D项。
44. B 【解析】考查名词。 根据上文中的"I was teaching elementary school"可知，作者正在教小学，故可推知Freddy是一个普通的学生。故选B项。
45. D 【解析】考查动词。根据下文中的"the loudest over fun"可知，Freddy对有趣的事情会笑得最大声。故选D项。
46. A 【解析】考查名词。根据上文中的the saddest可知，Freddy对别人的不幸是感到最悲伤的。misfortune " 不幸"；disbelief "不信，怀疑"；dishonesty"不诚实"；mistake"错误"。故选A项。
47. D 【解析】考查动词。 根据语境可知，此处表示在学年结束前。 end "结束"，符合语境。change "改变"；approach"靠近"；return"返回"。
48. B 【解析】考查名词。在学年结束前，给孩子们的应是礼物。故选B项。
49. A 【解析】考查名词。根据下文可知，作者认为尽管动词看起来是枯燥的，但是孩子们在一生中所做的大多数趣事就是动词。再结合选项可知，A项符合语境。
50. C 【解析】考查形容词。由while可知，空处与dull形成对比，故选C项。simple "简单的"；unique"独特的"；clever"聪明的"。
51. D 【解析】考查名词。根据语境可知，很多年来，作者偶然遇到以前的学生会给他提供一些他们老同学的最新消息，所以作者才了解到Freddy的一些情况。update "最新消息"，符合语境。assessment "评估，评价"；comment "评论"；instruction "指导，教导"。
52. A 【解析】考查名词。 根据空前的"did several jobs"可知，此处表示Freddy从高中毕业后。graduation "毕业"，符合语境，故选A项。retirement "退休"；separation "分离"；resignation "辞职"。
53. C 【解析】考查形容词。根据下文中的"he let a homeless man ... a friend money to buy a house"可知，他让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里，还借给朋友钱去买房子，故可推知他仍然是作者四十年前遇到的那个乐于助人的人。caring"乐于助人的"，符合语境。故选C项。
54. B 【解析】考查动词。根据上文中的"while working overnight"可知，Freddy上夜班时，让一位无家可归的人在他的卡车里睡觉。故选B项。
55. C 【解析】考查动词。 因为Freddy是一位乐于助人的人，所以是借给朋友钱买房子。lend "借出"，符合语境。pay "支付"；charge "(向……)收费"；owe"欠(钱)，负(债)"。
56. D 【解析】考查动词。 根据下文中的"I stopped teaching"可知，作者正在举办一个研习班，这时有人敲教室的门。conduct"实施，执行"，符合语境。故选D项。observe "观察"；prepare "准备"；design"设计"。
57. C 【解析】考查动词。根据下文中的"I stopped teaching"可知，作者当时正在上课，所以这位女士为打断作者讲课而请求原谅并递给作者一个信封。excuse "原谅(某人的小错)"，符合语境。regret"遗憾，后悔"；avoid" 避免"；ignore"忽视"。
58. A 【解析】考查动词。 根据上文中的"handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching"可知，一位女士递给作者一个信封，作者停止了教学并打开它。故选A项。pack "打包，装箱"；give "交给"； hold"握住，抓住"。
59. C 【解析】考查名词。根据下文中的"Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving..."可知，这个信封里装着一张Freddy的妈妈写的便条。故选C项。picture "图片"；bill"账单"；diary"日记"。
60. B 【解析】考查动词。 根据上文中的"Although Freddy was taken from us"可知，尽管Freddy从我们中被带走了，但是我们所有人都从Freddy那儿拿走了一些东西，即从Freddy的身上学到了一些东西。故选B项。
5. 【2017·全国卷Ⅲ】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But 41 apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42 .
Jordan Axani， 28， said he and his then girlfriend， Elizabeth Gallagher， booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May， but their 43 ended and he did not want her ticket to 44 . The ticket had a strict no-transfer（不可转让） 45 ， but since passport information was not required when 46 ， any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 47 it.
＂I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy，＂ said Axani. He posted his 49 on a social networking website， and received thousands of e-mails， including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50 passports. ＂More 51 ， there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，＂ Axani said. ＂It was absolutely out of 53 ， thousands of e-mails， people around the world 54 their stories of travel.＂
Axani wrote in his post that he is not 55 anything in return and that the woman who uses the 56 ticket can choose to either travel with him or 57 the ticket and travel on her own.
The 58 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan， Prague， Paris， Bangkok and New Delhi before 59 in Toronto on January 8. He said the 60 woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.
41. A. benefits B. deposits C. restrictions D. examinations
42. A. origin B. passport C. accent D. friend
43. A. holiday B. marriage C. dream D. relationship
44. A. go to waste B. come to mind C. go on sale D. come into effect
45. A. policy B. order C. payment D. schedule
46. A. applying B. booking C. checking D. bargaining
47. A. use B. borrow C. choose D. buy
48. A. sacrifice B. express C. experience D. provide
49. A. answer B. advice C. offer D. comment
50. A. same B. right C. new D. real
51. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing
52. A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing
53. A. touch B. question C. date D. control
54. A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting
55. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with
56. A. single B. strange C. regular D. extra
57. A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide
58. A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting
59. A. ending B. calling C. repeating D. staying
60. A. honored B. lovely C. intelligent D. lucky
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希望免费赠送自己为女朋友购买的环球航空旅行机票的故事，体现了年轻人无私的精神。
41.C 【解析】考查名词。A. benefits利益；B. deposits押金；C. restrictions限制；D. examinations考试。根据后句内容You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42 可知申请免费环球旅行是有条件限制的，需要是名叫Elizabeth Gallagher、有加拿大护照的女子。
42. B 【解析】考查名词。A. origin 来源；B. passport护照；C. accent口音；D. friend朋友。根据第三段中的including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50 passports可知，申请人需要有加拿大的护照。故选B。
43. D 【解析】考查名词。A. holiday 假期；B. marriage 婚姻；C. dream梦想；D. relationship关系。根据下文Jordan Axani转让机票可知他和女朋友关系结束了。
44. A 【解析】考查动词短语。A. go to waste浪费；B. come to mind想到；C. go on sale 出售；D. come into effect 开始生效。根据下文＂I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy＂可知他之所以想把票赠送给同名的人，是不想浪费掉机票。故选A。
45. A 【解析】考查名词。A. policy政策；B. order 命令；C. payment 付款；D. schedule 计划，时间表。机票是实名制，而且不可以转让，根据常识和语境可知这是一种政策。故选A。
46. B 【解析】考查动词。A. applying申请；B. booking预订；C. checking核实；D. bargaining讨价还价。虽然机票不可转让，但是在预订的时候不需要护照的具体信息，因此在预订后这张机票可以给姓名相同的人使用。故选B。
47. A 【解析】考查动词。A. use使用；B. borrow借用；C. choose选择；D. buy 购买。根据上文的介绍可知，因为护照信息没有登记，所以任何一个名叫Elizabeth Gallagher，而且拥有加拿大护照的人都可以用这张机票。
48. C 【解析】考查动词。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. express表达；C. experience经历；D. provide提供。人们如果能免费去环球旅行，当然会享受到很多的乐趣。
49. C 【解析】考查名词。A. answer 答案；B. advice建议；C. offer提议；D. comment评论。根据上文可知Jordan Axani在社交网站上贴出的是自己的提议，即免费赠送机票。
50. B 【解析】考查形容词。A. same同样的；B. right正确的；C. new新的；D. real真的。根据空前的actual Elizabeth Gallaghers 以及文章首段对申请这张免费机票的要求可知，这里是指申请者中包括30位同名且拥有正确护照的人。
51. A 【解析】考查形容词。A. interesting有趣的；B. annoying令人恼火的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. convincing令人信服的。根据空后的内容可知有数百人想改名字，这当然是一件很有趣的事情。
52. D 【解析】考查动词。A. writing 写；B. giving给；C. lending借出；D. changing改变。根据上文可知申请的要求是需要和Jordan Axani前女友同名，所以有人甚至想改名字。
53. D 【解析】考查名词。A. touch触动；B. question问题；C. date日期；D. control控制。根据后句内容可知，世界上的很多人都知道这件事，如果允许人们改名字的话，那么事情就会无法控制。
54. C 【解析】考查动词。A. admiring羡慕；B. advertising 做广告；C. sharing分享；D. doubting怀疑。根据上文可知Jordan Axani收到了数千封邮件，很多人都分享他们的旅行故事。
55. B 【解析】考查动词。A. leaving 离开；B. looking for 寻找；C. losing失去；D. dealing with 对付。根据文章首段的首句可知Jordan Axani是免费送给别人他多余的票，而不求回报。
56. D 【解析】考查形容词。A. single 单一的；B. strange奇怪的；C. regular定期的；D. extra额外的。根据第二段可知Jordan Axani在和女朋友分手后，女朋友的机票就是多余出来的了。
57. B 【解析】考查动词。A. return 回去；B. take拿走；C. reserve保留；D. hide隐藏。根据空后内容and travel on her own可知，申请到票的人可以和他一起旅行，也可以拿着票自己去旅行。
58. C 【解析】考查名词。A. interview采访；B. program项目；C. trip旅行；D. meeting会面。根据第三段末句their stories of travel可知，Jordan Axani是在赠送环球旅行的飞机票。
59. A 【解析】考查动词。A. ending结束；B. calling 打电话；C. repeating 重复；D. staying停留。根据句意可知旅行是December 21从纽约出发，途经米兰、布拉格等多个城市，最后到达多伦多，结束旅行。
60. D 【解析】考查形容词。A. honored 感到光荣的；B. lovely可爱的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. lucky幸运的。文章介绍了Jordan Axani免费赠送环球旅行的机票的故事，所以能选上的人是幸运的人。
【2016年】
1.【2016·全国新课标I】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was along 165 north after delivering to one of his . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. he got closer, he found vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed shooting out from under the vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on and told Larry he had an emergency call. They heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay until the emergency personnel arrived, she thought the car was going to . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the if he was needed or to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His most likely saved the woman’s life.
21．A． walking B． touring C．traveling D．rushing
22．A． passengers B． colleagues C． employers D． customers
23．A． Since B． Although C． As D． If
24．A． each B． another C． that D． his
25．A． flames B． smoke C． water D． steam
26．A． used B． disabled C． removed D． abandoned
27．A． got hold of B． prepared C． took charge of D． controlled
28．A． came down B． came through C． came in D． came over
29．A． returned B． received C． made D． confirmed
30．A． then B． again C． finally D． even
31．A． Starting B． Parking C． Passing D． Approaching
32．A． quiet B． still C． away D． calm
33．A． for B． so C． and D． but
34．A． explode B． slip away C． fall apart D． crash
35．A． as if B． unless C． in case D． after
36．A． stepped forward B． backed off C． moved on D． set out
37．A． woman B． police C． man D． driver
38．A． forbidden B． ready C． asked D． free
39．A．for certain B． for consideration C． reported D．checked
40．A．patience B． skills C． efforts D．promise
【答案】
21．C
22．D
23．C
24．B
25．A
26．B
27．A
28．D
29．C
30．A
31．D
32．B
33．D
34．A
35．C
36．B
37．B
38．D
39．A
40．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文主要介绍了司机Larry在路上遇到着火的汽车，积极救人的故事。
21．C考查动词辨析。根据下文中Larry pulled over…可知他沿着公路行驶。Travel“行进”，故选C。
22．D考查名词辨析。根据首句Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc.可知他是司机，由此推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。
23．C考查连词辨析。根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。as“当……时候”。
24．B考查代词辨析。根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on,可知当时有一辆开着亮灯的车，由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。
25．A考查名词辨析。根据第一段末句the fire was put out可知当时汽车是着火了。flame火苗。
26．B考查形容词词辨析。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle，可知汽车是毁坏了的。used使用；disabled 残废的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。
27．A考查动词辨析。根据后句可知他下车灭火。get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；control控制。故选A
28．D考查动词辨析。根据and told Larry he had _49__ an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。come down下来； come through 经历；come in进来；come over 走过来。故选D。
29．C考查动词辨析。根据下文可知这个司机打了电话报警。make a call 打电话。 故选C。
30．A考查副词辨析。根据语境判断他们听到车内有人发出的声音。then那时；again再次；finally终于；even甚至。故选A。
31．D考查动词辨析。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断Larry离汽车远，由此判断走近，才看到车内的那位女士。
32．B考查形容词辨析。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。quiet 安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的。故选 B。
33．D考查连词辨析。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。
34．A考查动词辨析。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。explore爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎。故选A 。
35．C考查短语和介词辨析。step forward走上前去；back off后退；move on继续；set out出发，根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。
36．B考查动词短语辨析。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。
37．B考查名词辨析。根据上文Once fire and emergency people arrived可知是救援的警察赶到现场。故选B。
38．D考查形容词辨析。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否离去。
39．A考查短语辨析。for certain无疑地。
40．C考查名词辨析。patience耐心；skill技能；effort努力；promise承诺。 故选C。根据上文可知Larry努力挽救了别人的性命。选C。
2.【2016·全国新课标III】 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant Miller King, who was the best at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for .
Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from . He looked very , but he didn`t cry.
That season, I all of Miller`s records while he the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s .
One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller going over a fence — which wasn’t to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept from. But even that challenge he accepted. I him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally on the other side, he said to me, ＂ You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did .Thank you for filling in for .＂
His words freed me from my bad . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was ahead of me. I was right to have him. From that day on，I grew and a little more real.
21．A． cheering for B． beating out C． relying on D． staying with
22．A． coach B． student C． teacher D． player
23．A． practice B． show C． comfort D． pleasure
24．A． school B． vacation C． hospital D． training
25．A． pale B． calm C． relaxed D． ashamed
26．A． held B． broke C． set D． tried
27．A． reported B． judged C． organized D． watched
28．A． and B． then C． but D． thus
29．A． decision B． mistake C． accident D． sacrifice
30．A． stuck B． hurt C． tried D． lost
31．A． steady B． hard C． fun D． fit
32．A． praise B． advice C． assistance D． apology
33．A． let B． helped C． had D． noticed
34．A． dropped B． ready C． trapped D． safe
35．A． fine B． wrong C． quickly D． normally
36．A． us B． yourself C． me D． them
37．A． memories B． ideas C． attitudes D． dreams
38．A． still B． also C． yet D． just
39．A． challenged B． cured C． invited D． admired
40．A． healthier B． bigger C． cleverer D． cooler
【答案】
21．B
22．D
23．A
24．C
25．A
26．B
27．D
28．C
29．C
30．A
31．B
32．C
33．B
34．D
35．A
36．C
37．D
38．A
39．D
40．B
【解析】文章讲述了一个与足球有关的故事。作者想成为球队里最棒的球员，并向最优秀的球员Miller看齐。为了实现梦想，作者刻苦训练，在Miller受伤之后，作者脱颖而出，成为最有价值的球员。作者的表现也得到了Miller认可。
21．B考查动词短语辨析。A. cheering for为……欢呼；B. beating out打败；C. relying on依靠；D. staying with和……待在一起。根据＂become the star on our football team＂可知，要想成为球队里的明星，就要打败最优秀的球员，故选B。
22．D考查名词辨析。A. coach教练；B. student学生；C. teacher教师；D. player选手，球员。全校最好的球员是Miller King，故选D。
23．A考查名词辨析。A. practice练习；B. show演出，表现，节目；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure乐趣。作者随身带着足球是为了练习，故选A。
24．C考查名词辨析。A. school学校；B. vacation假期；C. hospital医院；D. training训练。Miller意外受伤，失去了右臂，作者在他出院后去看他，故选C。
25．A考查形容词辨析。A. pale苍白的；B. calm平静的；C. relaxed放松点；D. ashamed羞耻的，惭愧的。根据＂but he didn’t cry＂可知，Miller的情况不太乐观，故选A。
26．B考查动词辨析。A. held握住；B. broke打破；C. set创立，开创；D. tried尝试。根据＂records记录＂可知，作者破了Miller的纪录，故选B。
27．D考查动词辨析。A. reported报告；B. judged 判断；C. organized组织；D. watched观看。while he 27 the home games from the bench受伤后的Miller坐在长凳上观看比赛，故选D。
28．C考查并列连词。A. and和；B. then然后；C. but但是；D. thus因此。 I was named most valuable player和I often had crazy dreams 形成对比，作者虽然被封为最有价值球员，但是他总是做噩梦，故选C。
29．C考查名词辨析。A. decision决定；B. mistake错误；C. accident事故；D. sacrifice牺牲。让作者感到内疚的是，仿佛是自己应该为Miller的事故负责，作者觉得有点胜之不武，故选C。
30．A考查形容词辨析。A. stuck；B. hurt；C. tired劳累的；D. lost丢失的。saw Miller 30 going over a fence作者看到Miller在翻篱笆，只有一只手臂的Miller翻篱笆很困难，因此应该是被卡在篱笆上了，故选A。
31．B考查形容词辨析。A. steady稳定的；B. hard困难的；C. fun有趣的；D. fit合适的，健康的。此处是说，手臂健全的人翻篱笆不费吹灰之力，故选B。
32．C考查名词辨析。A. praise表扬；B. advice建议；C. assistance帮助；D. apology道歉。作者认为Miller最不愿接受作者的帮助，the last最不可能的，故选C。
33．B考查动词辨析。A. let让；B. helped帮助；C. had有，使；D. noticed注意到。根据＂he accepted＂可知，Miller接受了作者的帮助，故选B。
34．D考查形容词辨析。A. dropped；B. ready准备好的；C. trapped被困住的；D. safe安全的。作者和Miller两人成功翻过篱笆，故选D。
35．A考查副词辨析。A. fine好的；B. wrong错误地；C. quickly迅速；D. normally正常。Miller认为作者表现得很好，故选A。
36．C考查代词辨析。A. us我们；B. yourself 你自己； C. me我；D. them他们。Miller感谢作者填补了他的空缺，故选C。
37．D考查名词辨析。A. memories记忆；B. ideas主意；C. attitudes态度；D. dreams梦想。得到了Miller的认可之后，作者的噩梦也不见了踪影，故选D。
38．A考副词辨析。A. still仍然；B. also也；C. yet然而，还没；D. just刚刚，仅仅。 由Damaged but not defeated可知Mille虽然受伤了，但却不会被打败，作者认为Miller仍然是最强的，故选A。
39．D考查动词辨析。A. challenged挑战；B. cured治愈；C. invited邀请；D. admired敬佩，赞赏，欣赏。 此处是说，作者认为自己敬佩Miller是对的，故选D。
40．B考查形容词比较级。A. healthier更健康的；B. bigger更大的，更重要的，更成功的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. cooler更酷的，更凉的。从那天起，作者长大了许多，更重视自己的存在了，故选B。
3.【2016·北京卷】
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 16 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 17 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 18 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 19 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 20 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
21 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 22 . Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 23 . They would have the medicine sent by 24 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers — known as ＂mushers＂ — would 25 it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 26 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 27 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 28 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 29 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 30 . He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 31 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 32 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 33 . He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs 34 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.
Nome had been 35 .
16．A．examined B．warned C．interviewed D．cured
17．A．harmless B．helpless C．fearless D．careless
18．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However
19．A．airport B．station C．harbor D．border
20．A．narrow B．snowy C．busy D．dirty
21．A．From B．On C．By D．After
22．A．tired B．upset C．pale D．sick
23．A．plan B．excuse C．message D．topic
24．A．air B．rail C．sea D．road
25．A．carry B．return C．mail D．give
26．A．Though B．Since C．When D．If
27．A．enter B．move C．visit D．cross
28．A．shameful B．boring C．dangerous D．foolish
29．A．escape B．bleed C．swim D．die
30．A．memory B．exit C．way D．destination
31．A．find B．fix C．pass D．change
32．A．pretending B．trying C．asking D．learning
33．A．run B．leave C．bite D．play
34．A．gathered B．stayed C．camped D．arrived
35．A．controlled B．saved C．founded D．developed
【答案】
16．A
17．B
18．D
19．C
20．B
21．C
22．D
23．A
24．B
25．A
26．C
27．D
28．C
29．D
30．C
31．A
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病——白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个月20日，韦尔奇医生检查了一个生病的男孩比利，知道他得了白喉，一种主要影响儿童的致命传染病。A. examined检查；B. warned警告；C. interviewed 面试，采访；D. cured治愈。根据谓语动词的主语是Dr. Welch，宾语是a sick boy，以及后面的动词knew可知，医生是在检查病童，并发现Billy患了一种传染病。故选A。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果这种病在镇上蔓延，诺姆的孩子们将会很无助。A. harmless无害的；B. helpless无助的；C. fearless无畏的；D. careless粗心的。根据“if it struck the town”可知，如果疾病在小镇蔓延，这里的孩子们会很无助。故选B。
18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，最近的医疗补给是在1000英里以外的安克雷奇。A. Moreover而且，此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据上文Nome这个地方急需药品以及下文提到最近的可以取到药品的地方也在一千公里之外可知，前后是转折关系，因此选D。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：镇上的港口已经结冰了，所以水路是行不通了。A. airport机场； B. station车站；C. harbor港口；D.border边境。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汽车和马不能在雪地上行驶。A. narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的；C. busy繁忙的；D. dirty脏的。根据第一段“The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.”可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。
21．考查介词词义辨析。句意：到1月26日，比利和另外三个孩子已经去世。A. From从，自；B. On在……上面；C. By通过，在……之前；D. After在……之后。By+时间，与完成时连用。后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还有20个病人。A. tired劳累的；B. upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D. sick生病的。根据前文“from getting sick”可知，四个孩子相继去世，还有20几个患病。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺姆镇的官员想出了一个计划。A. plan计划；B. excuse借口；C. message信息；D. topic话题。根据下文“They would have the medicine sent by ___9___ from Anchorage to Nenana.”可知，诺姆镇的官员想出了一个计划。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会用铁路把药从安克雷奇运到内纳那。A. air空气；B. rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根据下一段“from the train at Nenana”可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那里，被称为“赶狗拉雪橇的人”的多格斯勒司机将接力把它送到诺姆。A. carry运送，携带；B. return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D. give给。根据常识可以判断出，药品要由赶狗拉雪橇的人运送到诺姆。故选A。
26．考查连词辨析。句意：当Shannon把药递给下一个蘑菇的时候，他脸已经被冻得乌青。A. Though虽然；B. Since因为，自从；C. When当……时；D. If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，所以本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1月31日，一个叫塞帕拉的赶狗拉雪橇的人不得不穿过一个叫诺顿桑德的冰冻区域。A. enter进入；B. move移动；C. visit拜访；D. cross穿过。根据“Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是行程中最危险的部分。A. shameful惭愧的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. dangerous危险的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据“which could sometimes break up without warning”可知，这是行程中最危险的一段。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会死，诺姆镇生病孩子也会死。A. escape逃脱；B. bleed流血；C. swim游泳；D. die死。根据上文“If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below”可知，一旦Norton Sound破裂坍塌，Seppala可能会掉到冰水里死掉。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，一大堆雪挡住了他的去路。A. memory回忆；B. exit出口；C. way路；D. destination目的地。根据下文“Kaasen不得不离开雪橇的痕迹、绕过阻挡他的大雪堆”可知，巨大的雪堆挡住Kaasen前进的路。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时环境太糟糕，使Kaasen不可能再次找回雪橇的痕迹。A. find找到；B. fix安装；C. pass通过；D. change改变。根据上文Kaasen离开雪橇的痕迹可知，当时环境太糟糕，使Kaasen不可能再次找回雪橇的痕迹。故选A。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Balto把鼻子贴在地上，努力找到其他狗的气味，这些狗曾在这条路上走过。A. pretending假装；B. trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D. learning学会。Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，巴尔托开始跑起来。A. run跑；B. leave离开；C. bite咬；D. play玩耍。根据下文“He had found the trail.”可知，Seppala的雪橇狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2月2日凌晨5:30，卡森和他的狗到达诺姆。A. gathered聚集；B. stayed保持；C. camped露营，借住；D. arrived到达。根据“Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine.”可知，卡森和他的狗到达诺姆。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的孩子得到了救治，诺姆被救了。A. controlled控制；B. saved拯救； C. founded建立；D. developed发展。根据“All of them recovered.”可知，诺姆被救了。故选B。
4.【2016·天津卷】
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head — to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 , was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go.
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 — ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , ＂The highest honor goes to Cathy!＂ Looking around, he continued, ＂Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is the heart.＂
It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).
16．A．failure B．pressure C．loss D．illness
17．A．usually B．finally C．firstly D．frequently
18．A．improve B．train C．join D．contact
19．A．increased B．found C．created D．made
20．A．however B．therefore C．otherwise D．instead
21．A．use B．survive C．save D．waste
22．A．pull B．tell C．hide D．fire
23．A．afraid B．nervous C．ready D．free
24．A．take off B．set off C．give up D．show up
25．A．attend B．miss C．ban D．start
26．A．rich B．weak C．firm D．kind
27．A．trusted B．determined C．experienced D．embarrassed
28．A．frustration B．delight C．excitement D．surprise
29．A．beginner B．learner C．partner D．winner
30．A．cheer on B．compete with C．respond to D．run after
31．A．admitting B．explaining C．announcing D．whispering
32．A．humor B．will C．honesty D．wisdom
33．A．Although B．Since C．Once D．Because
34．A．discovery B．choice C．influence D．moment
35．A．through B．under C．across D．around
【答案】
16．D
17．B
18．C
19．D
20．A
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．C
25．B
26．C
27．B
28．A
29．D
30．A
31．C
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己十岁的女儿在童年遭受病痛之苦，在接受治疗之后好转。之后决心做一个游泳选手，虽然身体不适，还是坚持训练，虽然经常是比赛的最后一名，但是一直不放弃。最后教练的一番话给予Cathy最大的奖励和肯定。
16．根据下文的treatment可知，Cathy在童年的时候，得了可怕的疾病。A.失败；B.压力；C.损失；D.疾病。故选D。考点：考查名词辨析。
17．根据上文After years of regular treatment可知，她最后健康了。A.通常；B.最后；C.首先；D.经常。故选B。考点：考查副词辨析。
18．根据上文a dream came into her sweet little head可知，她想参加我们当地的游泳队。A.提高；B.训练；C.参加；D.联系。故选C。考点：考查动词辨析。
19．根据上文She practiced hard可知，她最后做到了。A.增加；B.发现；C.创造；D.使得。make it做到，成功。故选D。考点：考查动词辨析和固定搭配。
20．根据下文was a tough start可知，然而，游泳队的训练是个艰难的开始。A.然而；B.因此；C.否则；D.代替。故选A。考点：考查副词辨析。
21．根据上文she coughed and choked可知，她咳嗽，窒息，在前几个星期几乎不能生存。A.使用；B. 生存； C. 拯救；节约；D.浪费。故选B。考点：考查动词辨析。
22．根据Hearing her coughing bitterly one night可知，我决定将她拉开。A.拉；B.告诉，辨别；C.躲藏；D.解雇。故选A。考点：考查动词辨析。
23．根据wearing her swimsuit可知，她穿着游泳衣准备走。A.害怕的；B.紧张的；C.准备好的；D.免费的，自由的。故选C。考点：考查形容词辨析。
24．根据I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing可知，她拒绝放弃，坚持要走。A.脱下，起飞；开始流行；B.启程，引发；C.放弃；D.出现。故选C。考点：考查动词短语辨析。
25．根据keep swimming可知，Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练。A.参加；B.错过；C. 禁止； D. 开始。故选B。考点：考查动词辨析。
26．根据上文Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练可知，她的内心有坚定的意志。A.富有的；B.虚弱的；C.坚定的； D. 好心的。故选C。考点：考查形容词辨析。
27．根据下文with a passion and a mission可知，我十岁的女儿成长为一个有决心的人。A.信任的；B.有决心的；C.有经验的； D. 尴尬的。故选B。考点：考查形容词辨析。
28．根据下文often she would be the last swimmer in the race可知，她也有挫败的时候。A.沮丧，挫败；B.高兴；C.兴奋；D.惊讶。故选A。考点：考查名词辨析。
29．根据上文the last swimmer可知，要Cathy接受她不是获胜者很难。A.初学者；B.学习者；C.伙伴；D.获胜者。故选D。考点：考查名词辨析。
30．根据下文praise their accomplishments可知，Cathy在那里为队友加油鼓劲。A.向……欢呼，为……鼓劲加油；B.和……竞争；C.回答；D.追赶。故选A。考点：考查动词短语辨析。
31．根据下文总教练说的话，可知，这里是指总教练宣布的事情。A.承认；B.解释；C.宣布；D.低语，耳语。故选C。考点：考查动词辨析。
32．根据enthusiasm可知，教练说：是Cathy用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。A.幽默；B.意愿，意志力；C.诚实；D.智慧。故选B。考点：考查名词辨析。
33．根据下文the most valuable asset可知，虽然技巧和才能带来巨大成功，但是一个人能拥有的最珍贵的财富是有心。A.虽然；B.自从；C.一旦；D.因为。故选A。考点：考查连词辨析。
34．根据上一段内容可知，教练说这番话的时候是我女儿生活中最好的时刻。A.发现；B.选择；C.影响；D.时刻。故选D。考点：考查名词辨析。
35．句意：这十年她经历的时候，是真正成功的时候。A.通过（内部），经历；B.在……下面；C.穿过（表面）；D.在……周围。故选A。考点：考查介词辨析。
5.【2016·浙江卷】
During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be 21 him. I hated the place.I had never 22 been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was 23 —almost 125 °F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌). 24 a soul to talk to. The wind blew non-stop,and all the food I ate,and the very air I breathed,were 25 with sand, sand, sand!
I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was 26 and coming back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer. I 27 be in prison! My father answered my 28 with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my 29 — two lines that completely changed my life:
Two men looked out from prison bars,
One saw the mud,the other saw the stars.
I read those two lines 30 . I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 31 I would look for the stars.
I made friends with the natives,and their 32 amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus.I watched for the desert sunsets,and 34 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean 35 .
What brought about this 36 change in me? The desert hadn’t changed, 37 I had.I had changed my 38 . And by doing so,I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and 40 the stars.
21．A． off B． behind C． near D． beyond
22．A． before B． already C． then D． still
23．A． inflexible B． incomprehensible C． uncontrollable D．unbearable
24．A． Only B．Not C． Many D．Such
25．A． covered B． filled C． buried D． charged
26．A． catching up B． keeping up C． giving up D．getting up
27．A． ought to B． might well C． would rather D．had better
28．A．request B． call C． question D．letter
29．A． comparison B． imagination C． consideration D． memory
30．A． over and over B． by and by C． up and down D．now and then
31．A． company B． occupation C． situation D．relationship
32．A． movement B． reaction C． guidance D．purpose
33．A． refused B． failed C． managed D．happened
34．A． asked B． hunted C． waited D．headed
35．A． floor B． surface C． rock D．level
36．A． shocking B． challenging C． puzzling D．astonishing
37．A． as B． but C． for D．or
38．A． attitude B． principle C． identity D．standard
39．A． vacation B． operation C． affair D． adventure
40．A． sought B． counted C． found D．reached
【答案】
21．C
22．A
23．D
24．B
25．B
26．C
27．C
28．D
29．D
30．A
31．C
32．B
33．A
34．B
35．A
36．D
37．B
38．A
39．D
40．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的生活和艰苦的生活条件让作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给她的信中就两行字，就是这两行字使作者改变了自己对人生的态度。
21．根据上下文可知，作者去住在那儿是为了靠近丈夫。A.远离；B.在……后面；C.靠近；D.超过。故选C。考点：考查介词辨析。
22．根据下文I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.可知，作者以前从没有感觉这么不开心。A.以前；B.已经；C.然后；D.仍然。故选A。考点：考查副词辨析。
23．根据almost 125°F可知炎热让人无法忍受。 A.不灵活的；B.无法理解的；C.不能控制的；D.不能忍受的。故选D。考点：考查形容词辨析。
24．根据上文a desert和alone可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B.没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选B。考点：考查形容词辨析。
25．根据上文a desert可知，作者吃的食物、呼吸的空气都充满了沙子。A.覆盖；B.填满；C.埋葬；D.负责，要价。故选B。考点：考查动词辨析。
26．根据下文coming back home，可知，作者写信给父母，告诉他们她要放弃，要回家。A.赶上；B.维持；C.放弃；D.起床。故选C。考点：考查动词短语辨析。
27．根据上文I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer可知，我宁愿在监狱里。A.应该；B.很可能；C.宁愿；D.最好。故选C。考点：考查短语辨析。
28．根据上文I wrote to my parents可知，作者的爸爸回复了作者的信，回信上只有两行字。A.请求；B.电话；C.问题；D.信。故选D。考点：考查形容词辨析。
29．根据句意：这两行字将永远在我记忆里唱响——这是彻底改变了我的生活的两行字。A.对比；B.想象C.考虑；D.记忆。故选D。考点：考查名词辨析。
30．根据下文I was ashamed of myself可知，作者一遍又一遍地读这两行字。A.一遍又一遍；B.不久C.上上下下；D.不时。故选A。考点：考查短语辨析。
31．根据上文I would look for the stars可知，作者决定要发现在现在的境况中好的东西。A.公司，陪伴；B.占据，职业；C.境况；D.关系。故选C。考点：考查名词辨析。
32．根据下文They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists可知，作者和当地人交朋友，他们的反应让作者很惊讶。A.运动；B.反应；C.指导；D.目的。故选B。考点：考查名词辨析。
33．根据句意：他们给我最喜欢的艺术作品的礼物，这些作品是他们拒绝卖给游客的。A.拒绝；B.失败；C.设法完成；D.碰巧。故选A。考点：考查动词辨析。
34．根据下文for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago可知，作者寻找几百万前留下的贝壳。A.问；B.打猎，搜寻，追捕；C.等待；D.前往。hunt for寻找。故选B。考点：考查动词辨析和短语搭配。
35．根据上文可知，几百万年前，沙漠曾经是海床。A.底，地面；B.表面；C.岩石；D.水平。故选A。考点：考查名词辨析。
36．根据上文two lines that completely changed my life可知，这里是：什么导致了我这样令人惊讶的改变？A.令人震惊的；B.有挑战的；C.令人困惑的；D.令人惊讶的。故选D。考点：考查形容词辨析。
37．根据句意：沙漠没有改变，但是我变了。A.正如，因为，随着；B.但是；C.因为；D.或者。此处表示转折关系，故选B。考点：考查连词辨析。
38．根据下文I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life可知，是作者改变了自己的态度。A.态度；B.原则；C.身份；D.标准。故选A。考点：考查名词辨析。
39．根据上一段内容可知，作者将不愉快的经历变成最令人惊叹的人生冒险。A.假期；B.手术；C.事务；D.冒险。故选D。考点：考查名词辨析。
40．根据上文I would look for the stars可知，作者从自己制造的监狱向外看，发现了星星。A.寻找；B.数数，重要；C.发现；D.到达。故选C。考点：考查动词辨析。
【2016·江苏卷】
Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were , Kurt asked me, ＂ John, what is your for personal growth?
Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might for growth. I told him about the many activities in which I was . And I went into a about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt patiently, but then he smiled and said, ＂You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?＂
＂No, I .
＂You know,＂ Kurt said simply, ＂growth is not a(n) process.＂
And that’s when it me. I wasn’t doing anything to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the : I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my .
That night, I talked to my wife about my with Kurt and what I had learned. I her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.
Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.
16．A． working B． preparing C． thinking D． eating
17．A． suggestion B． demand C． plan D． request
18．A． appeal B． look C． call D． qualify
19．A． involved B． trapped C． lost D． bathed
20．A． lecture B． speech C． discussion D． debate
21．A． calculated B． listened C． drank D． explained
22．A． eagerly B． gradually C． gratefully D． finally
23．A． admitted B． interrupted C． apologized D． complained
24．A． automatic B． slow C． independent D． changing
25．A． confused B． informed C． pleased D． hit
26．A． on loan B． on purpose C． on sale D． on balance
27．A． comment B． announcement C． decision D． arrangement
28．A． life B． progress C． performance D． investment
29．A． contract B． conversation C． negotiation D． argument
30．A． lent B． sold C． showed D． offered
31．A． recalled B． defined C． recognized D． declared
32．A． tool B． method C． way D． rule
33．A． provide B． buy C． give D． deliver
34．A． grow B． survive C． move D． gather
35．A． difficult B． random C． firm D． wise

【答案】
16．D
17．C
18．D
19．A
20．B
21．B
22．D
23．A
24．A
25．D
26．B
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．C
31．C
32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【解析】
16．D 考查动词辨析。根据＂for breakfast＂，可知我在吃早饭的时候遇见了Kurt。故D项符合语境。
17．C考查名词辨析。根据42空后＂You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you? ＂（对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧?）可知Kurt在问我个人成长计划是什么。故C项正确。
18．D 考查动词辨析。appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用）；look for寻找；call for需要，需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。故D项正确。
19．A 考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前到关系代词which之前。be involved in参与……；卷入……；be trapped in被困在……中；be lost in沉浸于……；be bathed in被……笼罩;我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A项正确。
20．B 考查名词辨析。我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大成就的演讲。lecture讲座；speech演进；discussion讨论；debate辩论。故B项正确。
21．B 考查动词辨析。我讲了十分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt一直耐心地听我讲。故B项正确。
22．D 考查副词辨析。Kurt耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：＂对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？＂eagerly热切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后。故D项正确。
23．A 考查动词辨析。＂You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?＂是一个否定的反义疑问句，在回答的时候＂No＂翻译为＂是的＂。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。
24．A 考查形容词辨析。automatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的；Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。故选A项。
25．D 考查动词辨析。Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。
26．B 考查介词辨析。on loan暂借；on purpose故意地；on sale降价出售；on balance总的来说。他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意识地做一些让自己变得更好的事情。故B项正确。
27．C 考查名词辨析。comment评论； announcement通告；decision决定；arrangement安排。此处是说，我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。
28．A 考查名词辨析。life生活；progress进步；performance表演；investment投资。由上下文可知A项正确。
29．B 考查名词辨析。contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论。此处是说，我把我和Kurt的谈话告诉了妻子。故B项正确。
30．C 考查动词辨析。我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。故C项正确。
31．C 考查动词辨析。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。
32．C 考查名词辨析。Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故C项正确。
33．B 考查动词辨析。此处是说，我们决定购买他的书和磁带等资源。故B项正确。
34．A 考查动词辨析。根据上文可知Kurt和我谈论的是个人成长的话题，我和妻子在他的影响下承诺共同成长，一起进步。故A项正确。
35．D 考查形容词辨析。由While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.可知我和妻子一起成长。说明他的资源对我们有很大的帮助，我们做出的是一个明智的决定。故D项正确。
【2015年】
1.（2015年，重庆卷）
When Alice was sixteen, I was the one who wanted to run away from home. It was 321 to see the changes coming over her. She skipped school, and refused to communicate. I tried being firm, but it didn’t 322 I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.
One school day Alice returned home very late. With a quarrel in view. I was surprised to see Alice was 323
“I hope I did the right thing, Mom,”“Alice said. I saw a cat, all bloody but alive. I 324 it to the vet’s(宠物医院), and was asked to make payment 325 As I couldn’t reach anyone at the phone number on the cat’s tag(标牌), I had to pay the bill.”
In the following days, the owner still couldn’t be 326 Alice paid the vet to continue treatment. I grew 327 : what if the family had simply left the cat behind?
A week went by. A woman called to speak to Alice.
“She is at school,” I said.
“You have a 328 daughter,” she said, apparently in tears.
Her family had just returned from abroad, and got a (n) 329 from the vet. Their cat was recovering, thanks to Alice’s 330 “We can’t wait to hug Cuddles again,” she sobbed.
Upon her return home, Alice was filled with 331 at the news. So was I. I learned through another woman’s eyes that my daughter was still a good person despite her 332 teenage years. Her warm heart would surely guide her in the right direction.
321.A.pleasant B.painful C.unwise D.inspiring
322.A.remain B.match C.appear D.work
323.A.annoyed B.amused C.worried D.interested
324.A.carried B.followed C.returned D.guided
325.A.monthly B.honestly C.generously D.immediately
326.A.trusted B.contacted C.persuaded D.satisfied
327.A.active B.rude C.anxious D.proud
328.A.pretty B.grateful C.wonderful D.curious
329.A.apology B.invitation C.message D.reply
330.A.suggestion B.donation C.encouragement D.help
331.A.love B.anger C.regret D.joy
332.A.troubled B.long C.boring D.quiet
【答案】BDCAD BCCCDD A
【解析】本文讲述的是作者对于处于叛逆期的女儿很是头疼，通过女儿救助小猫的事看到虽然会有一些问题但女儿还是很好的。
321.B 考查形容词辨析Apleasant B painful C unwise D inspiring 根据第一句话提到wanted to ran away form home可知看到女儿即将到来的变化是十分痛苦的，故选B项。
322.D 考查动词辨析 A remain保持； B match匹配； C appear 出现；D work 工作；根据句意可知我一直很强硬但没有作用可知选D项。
323.C 考查形容词辨析。A annoyed 恼怒的；B amused娱乐的； C worried 担心的；D interested 有兴趣的；根据下文提到I hope I did the right thing Mom可知是脸上写满了担心，故选C项。
324.A 考查动词辨析。A carried携带； B followed 跟着；C returned返回； D guided指导；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知carry sb to some place带某人去某处，故选选A项。
325.D 考查副词辨析。A monthly 按月；B honestly诚实地； C generously慷慨地； D immediately 立即；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知选D项。
326.B 考查动词辨析。A trusted信任； B contacted联系； C persuaded 说服D satisfied 满意；句意：接下来的几天，主人仍然没有联系上。Be contracted 被联系上，故选B项。
327.C 考查形容词辨析。A active 积极的话 B rude粗鲁的； C anxious焦虑的； D proud骄傲的；根据Alice paid the vet to continue treatment 继续支付治疗费用可知我变得焦虑起来，故选C项。
328.C 考查形容词辨析。A pretty漂亮的话； B grateful感激的； C wonderful 好的；D curious 好奇的；根据女儿所做的这些善良的举动可知你有个好女儿，故选C项。
329.C 考查名词辨析。A apology道歉； B invitation 邀请赛 C message 信息；D reply回应；句意：他的家人刚从国外回来，得到宠物医院给的消息，可知选C项。
330.D 考查名词辨析。A suggestion建议； B donation捐献物 C encouragement 鼓励的 D help 帮助某人根据猫痊愈了，是因为女儿的帮助，故选D项。
331.D 考查名词辨析 A love 爱；B anger生气勃勃； C regret 后悔的 D joy ；高兴地；根据语境当爱丽丝回家时，听到猫痊愈并回家的消息肯定会很高兴，可知选D项。
332.A 考查形容词辨析。A troubled有问题的； B long长的话 C boring令人厌烦的话 D quiet 安静的话句意：我也通过别人的眼睛看到女儿是个好人，尽管有让我担心的时候。根据第一段提到对于女儿成长的担忧，故选A项。
2.（2015年，全国卷I）
My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 333 my job. Family to Feed.”
At this store, a 334 like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a 335 on how bad it must be to have to stand 336 in the cold wind.
In the store, I asked each of my kids to 337 something they thought our “friend” there would 338 . They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 339 . I thought about it. We were 340 on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes 341 from our need instead of our abundance is 342 what we need to do! All the kids 343 something they could do away with for the week.
When we handed him the bag of 344 , he lit up and thanked us with 345 eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 346 his family might need, he burst into tears.
This has been a wonderful 347 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 348 ! Things would have played out so 349 if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have 350 to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in 351 , it also gave my kids the 352 taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.
333.A.Lost B.Changed C.Quit D.Finished
334.A.condition B.place C.sight D.show
335.A.suggestion B.comment C.decision D.call
336.A.outside B.proudly C.by D.angrily
337.A.draw B.say C.arrange D.pick
338.A.order B.supply C.appreciate D.discover
339.A.dollar B.job C.hot meal D.gift card
340.A.easy B.low C.soft D.loose
341.A.giving B.saving C.spending D.begging
342.A.yet B.even C.still D.just
343.A.declared B.shared C.ignored D.expected
344.A.toys B.medicine C.food D.clothes
345.A.sleepy B.watery C.curious D.sharp
346.A.whoever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
347.A.experience B.example C.message D.adventure
348.A.rely on B.respect C.learn from D.help
349.A.suddenly B.vividly C.differently D.perfectly
350.A.time B.power C.patience D.money
351.A.fear B.love C.need D.memory
352.A.strong B.sweet C.strange D.simple
【答案】ACBAD CDBAD ACBBA DCDCB
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市，在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。在超市里作者和孩子买了许多东西给这个需要帮助的人，这次经历让作者的孩子们体会到帮助人的乐趣。
333.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：在路上，我们注意到一个男人握着一张纸，纸上写到：“失业，需要养家。”A. Lose失去；B. Changed改变；C. Quit放弃；D. Finished完成。根据下文Family to Feed.可推知，是失去工作。短语lose one’s job意为“失业”。故选A。
334.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：在这家商店，像这样的场景并不正常。A. condition状况；B. place地方；C. sight场景，情景；D. show展示。指这个男人握着一张纸找工作的场景，故选C。
335.本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：我10岁的孩子注意到他，并评论说在寒风中站在外面一定很糟糕。A. suggestion建议；B. comment评论；C. decision决定；D. call电话。make a comment on对……发表看法。故选B。
336.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。A. outside外面；B. proudly骄傲地；C. by通过；D. angrily生气地。根据On the way和in the cold wind和常识可知，这个男人是站在外面，故选A。
337.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：在商店里，我要求每个孩子挑选一些他们认为我们那里的朋友可能会需要的东西。A. draw拉；B. say说；C. arrange安排；D. pick挑选。根据下文内容可知，是要求孩子们挑选送给朋友的礼物。故选D。
338.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：在商店里，我要求每个孩子挑选一些他们认为我们那里的朋友可能会需要的东西。A. order命令；B. supply提供；C. appreciate感激；D. discover发现。孩子们挑选出这个朋友可能会喜欢感激的礼物，故选C。
339.本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：我17岁的孩子建议给他一张礼物卡。A. dollar美元；B. job工作；C. hot meal热餐；D. gift card礼物卡。根据下文提示When I handed him the gift card可知，是礼物卡，故选D。
340.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：我们现金不足。A. easy容易的；B. low低的；C. soft柔软的；D. loose松的。根据下文内容可知，我们现金不足或缺乏，故选B。
341.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我们把我们不充足的东西给予别人，而不是充足的东西，正是我们真正需要去做的。A. giving给予；B. saving节省；C. spending花费；D. begging恳求。根据上下文内容可知，这里指给别人东西，故选A。
342.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我们把我们不充足的东西给予别人，而不是充足的东西，正是我们真正需要去做的。A. yet然而；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. just正好。根据语境，表示正好是我们需要做的。故选D。
343.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：所有的孩子声明了他们能够为这个周末放弃自己想要的东西。A. declared声明，宣告；B. shared分享；C. ignored忽视；D. expected期望。根据下文something they could do away with for the week.可知，是声明放弃的东西。故选A。
344.本题考查语境判断之同义转化。句意：当我们把一包食物递给他时，他高兴起来，带着潮湿的双眼感谢我们。A . toys玩具；B. medicine药；C. food食物；D. clothes衣服。根据上文的apples, sandwich and a bottle of juice可知，是食物。故选C。
345.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。A. sleepy瞌睡的；B. watery潮湿的；C. curious好奇的；D. sharp锋利的。根据常识可知，带着潮湿的双眼感谢我们，指他感动地哭了。故选B。
346.本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：当我把礼物卡递给他时，让他给家里买任何需要的东西，他放声大哭。A. whoever无论谁；B. whatever无论什么C. whichever无论哪一个；D. whenever无论什么时候。动词need缺少宾语，表示“无论什么”，故用whatever。此处指他可以用礼物卡给家人买需要的任何东西。故选B。
347.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这对我们家庭是一次极好的经历。A. experience经历；B. example例子；C. message信息；D. adventure冒险。指我们帮助别人对我们家庭是一次极好的经历，故选A。
348.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：多少天来，孩子们一直在寻找我们能够帮助的其他人。A. rely on依靠；B. respect尊敬；C. learn from从……学到；D. help帮助。受到这次帮助人的经历的鼓舞，孩子们一直在寻找能够帮助的其他人，故选D。
349.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：如果我当时简单地说“不行，我们真的没有多余的钱给别人”，事情会完全不同。A. suddenly突然；B. vividly生动地；C. differently不同地；D. perfectly完美地。指事情结果会不同，故选C。
350.本题考查语境判断之同义转化。句意：不，我们真的没有钱多给了。A. time时间；B. power权力；C. patience耐心；D. money金钱。根据上文内容可知，此处指我们没有更多钱给别人，故选D。
351.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：走出去不仅仅帮助在危难中的兄弟，也给予我的孩子们帮助他人的甜蜜的滋味。A. fear害怕；B. love爱；C. need需要；D. memory记忆。in need在危难中。故选C。
352.本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：走出去不仅仅帮助在危难中的兄弟，也给予我的孩子们帮助他人的甜蜜的滋味。A. strong强壮的；B. sweet甜的；C. strange奇怪的；D. simple简单的。此处指帮助别人也给予我的孩子们帮助他人的甜蜜的滋味，故选B。
3.（2015年，福建卷）
One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 353 when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I 354 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 355 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 356 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 357 person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 358 . Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 359 to deal with was that the day before the 360 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 361 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 362 . It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 363 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 364 everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 365 as well.
Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, 366 when we’re honest, we can be sharply 367 of the world. I’m not suggesting you 368 problems, or that you pretend things are 369 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are — 370 most of the time, and especially when it’s not a really big 371 .
Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, and with a little 372 , you’ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
353.A.lonely B.great C.quiet D.uneasy
354.A.received B.answered C.expected D.rejected
355.A.threatened B.interrupted C.bothered D.spoiled
356.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing
357.A.caring B.boring C.interesting D.surprising
358.A.attitude B.plan C.measure D.explanation
359.A.urgent B.unnecessary C.certain D.impossible
360.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure
361.A.memory B.notice C.evidence D.choice
362.A.hear B.contribute C.express D.admit
363.A.aware of B.afraid of C.curious about D.confused about
364.A.discuss B.realize C.judge D.settle
365.A.family B.life C.career D.education
366.A.so B.or C.but D.for
367.A.proud B.sure C.hopeful D.critical
368.A.face B.create C.solve D.ignore
369.A.rarer B.better C.stranger D.worse
370.A.at least B.at last C.by far D.so far
371.A.task B.deal C.result D.duty
372.A.practice B.speech C.rest D.pity
【答案】BACDB ADCDC ACBCD DBABA
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章简述了总是喜欢挑错的Kerry在经历了朋友的严重受伤之后，深深后悔自己之前的行为，开始变得宽容。
353.考查形容词辨析。句意：世界上最简单的事情就是成为一个挑错者，然而，当你不忙于找错误，人生可以变得很伟大。A.lonely孤独的；B.great伟大的；C.quiet安静的；D.uneasy不舒服的。结合选项和下文语境可知，此处指人生变的伟大。故选B。
354.考查动词辨析。句意：几年以前，我收到一个来自17岁女孩kerry的信。A.received接受；B.answered回答；C.expected期望；D.rejected排斥。收到来信用receive。故选A。
355.考查动词辨析。句意：这个叫做Kerry的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。A.threatened威胁；B.interrupted打扰；C.bothered麻烦；D.spoiled娇惯。根据下文People were always doing things that annoyed her, and ___4___ was ever good enough. 可知，她被各种事困扰着。故选C。
356.考查不定代词辨析。句意：人们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情，没有一件事是好的。A.anything任何事；B.everything每一件事；C.something某事；D.nothing没有事。根据People were always doing things that annoyed her可知，没有一件事是好的。故选D。
357.考查形容词辨析。句意：她具有高度的自我批评精神，她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病。她成为了一个非常令人厌烦的人。A.caring关心的；B.boring令人厌烦的，无聊的；C.interesting有趣；D.surprising令人惊奇的。根据语境常识可知，一个爱挑毛病的人自然是令人厌烦的。故选B。
358.考查名词辨析。句意：不幸的，一场恐怖的事故发生改变了她的态度。A.attitude态度；B.plan计划；C.measure措施；D.explanation解释。根据下文讲述的朋友发生的事情及下文的Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to ___12___ everything so harshly(刻薄). 可知，这件事改变了她的态度。故选A。
359.考查形容词辨析。句意：她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天Kerry拜访了她的朋友……A.urgent 经济的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.certain确定的；D.impossible不可能的。根据下文the day before the ___8___, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her ___9___ of可知，在朋友受伤之前，她批评过朋友，现在朋友受伤严重，因此，此处是指事情不可能处理。故选D。
360.考查名词辨析。句意：她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光……A.occasion场合；B.event事项；C.accident事故；D.adventure冒险。根据上文Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her ___6___.可知，是在事故之前。故选C。
361.考查名词辨析。句意：发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的……A.memory记忆；B.notice注意；C.evidence证据；D.choice选择。根据句意并结合选项可知，是选择男朋友。故选D。
362.考查动词辨析。句意同上。A.hear听；B.contribute贡献；C.express表达；D.admit承认、许可。根据上文她对朋友的一通指责可知，此处是指各种想要表达的。故选C。
363.考查短语辨析。句意：直到他的朋友受了重伤，Kerry才注意到她挑毛病的习惯。A.aware of意识到，知道； B.afraid of担心；C.curious about对…好奇；D.confused about对…迷惑。根据下文Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to ___12___ everything so harshly(刻薄). 可知，她认识到了自己的毛病。故选A。
364.考查动词辨析。句意：非常快的，她学会了珍惜生命而不是对每件事都很刻薄。A.discuss讨论；B.realize意识到；C.judge评价；D.settle解决。根据句意可知，此处是指评判事情。故选C。
365.考查名词辨析。句意：她能够将她的新智慧用在她生活的其他方面。A.family家庭；B.life生命；C.career事业；D.education教育。根据句意和语境可知，此处指用于生活中。故选B。
366.考查介词辨析。句意：可能我们中的大多数人都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判世界。A.so于是；B.or或者；C.but但是；D.for对于。根据句意可知，前后之间是转折关系，用but连接。故选C。
367.考查形容词辨析。句意：可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判这个世界。A.proud骄傲的；B.sure确定的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.critical批判的。根据上文Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, ___14___ when we’re honest,可知，我们可以批判这个世界。故选D。
368.考查动词辨析。句意：我并不是在建议你无视问题。A.face面对；B.create创造；C.solve解决；D.ignore忽略。根据下文or that you pretend things are ___17___ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are可知，不是建议忽视问题。故选D。
369.考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：我也不是在建议你假装事物比它们自身更好。A.rarer更稀罕的；B.better更好的；C.stranger更奇怪的；D.worse更坏的。根据下文but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are可知，是正视问题，顺其自然。故选B。
370.考查短语辨析。句意：至少在大多数时间里，你学着容忍事物的原态。A.at least至少；B.at last最后；C.by far到现在为止；D.so far迄今为止。根据句意和语境可知，此处是指在大多数时候。故选A。
371.考查名词辨析。句意：尤其是当这不是一个特别大的事情。A.task任务；B.deal处理、交易；C.result计划；D.duty责任。根据句意和语境可知，此处指的是大的事情，big deal大的事情，重要的事情。故选B。
372.考查名词辨析。句意：训练你自己忍着不说那些刻薄的话，小小的实践一下，你会变得很擅长放手。A.practice实践；B.speech演讲；C.rest休息；D.pity遗憾。根据上文的Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, 可知，是去实践。故选A。
4.（2015年，北京卷）
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 373 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 374 filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, 375 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 376 under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 377 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 378 and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and 379 everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a 380 instead?” Dario asked.
They both loved the 381 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 382 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party 383 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 384 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 385 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 386 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”
Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 387 you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t 388 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”
“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 389 music.”
“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be 390 to play them in the evening.”
“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 391 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 392 and made him feel that they were home at last.
373.A.sat B.stood C.lay D.walked
374.A.voice B.ring C.music D.cry
375.A.therefore B.however C.otherwise D.instead
376.A.note B.poster C.bill D.report
377.A.proud B.rich C.lucky D.nice
378.A.neighbors B.friends C.relatives D.audience
379.A.blame B.instruct C.question D.visit
380.A.party B.concert C.show D.play
381.A.experience B.idea C.performance D.action
382.A.to B.with C.for D.from
383.A.continued B.arrived C.passed D.finished
384.A.order B.sell C.share D.advertise
385.A.treated B.presented C.helped D.served
386.A.promised B.admitted C.agreed D.worried
387.A.give B.send C.offer D.owe
388.A.realize B.remember C.understand D.accept
389.A.sweet B.strange C.funny D.loud
390.A.brave B.sorry C.happy D.afraid
391.A.changing B.practicing C.recording D.writing
392.A.equality B.freedom C.warmth D.sympathy
【答案】ACBAD ADABC BCBDD ADCBC
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了有一对喜欢弹奏钢琴的母子搬到了新公寓，有一天晚上他们弹奏到很晚，影响到其他邻居，他们感觉到抱歉，所以办了一个聚会邀请邻居，这受到大家的欢迎。
373.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：Dario和妈妈并排坐在钢琴旁。A. sat坐；B. stood站；C. lay躺；D. walked走路。根据空后的side by side at the piano可知，他们应该是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏。故选A。
374.本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：吵闹的音乐充满了整个房间。A. voice声音；B. ring铃声；C. music音乐；D. cry哭泣。根据上文中的They played jazz music可知，这里应该是吵闹的音乐（music）充满了整个房间。故选C。
375.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：然而第二天幸福消失了。A. therefore所以；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. instead而不是。根据上文中的made them feel very happy以及空后的their happiness disappeared可知，此处应为转折关系。故选B。
376.本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：有人晚上在他们的门下面留有一张纸条。A. note纸条；B. poster海报；C. bill账单；D. report报告。根据下文中的One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano可知，这里指一张便条。故选A。
377.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他们人都非常好。A. proud骄傲的；B. rich富有的；C. lucky幸运的；D. nice好的。根据下文中的he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that可知，主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，可管理者也并不能指出，大家通常都是通情达理的。故选D。
378.本题考查语境判断之同义转化。句意：Dario建议给邻居写一封道歉信。由上文邻居抱怨钢琴的声音可知，这里是向邻居道歉。故选A。
379.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：也许我们可以一个一个的去拜访他们。A. blame责备；B. instruct指导；C. question质疑；D. visit拜访。根据we could go和in person可知，这里是表示拜访每一个人。故选D。
380.本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：办一个聚会邀请邻居们参加怎么样。A. party聚会；B. concert音乐会；C. show展示；D. play玩。根据下文中的party lights和the day of the party可知，他们是想邀请邻居举办一个聚会。故选A。
381.本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们都喜欢办聚会这个想法。A. experience经历；B. idea观点，想法；C. performance表演；D. action行动。母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演表现或行为。故选B。
382.本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们发送邀请，并准备了甜点。prepare sb for sth是固定搭配，意为“为某人准备某物”，这里指母子办派对，为招待客人们准备了甜点。故选C。
383.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：聚会的这一天到了。A. continued继续；B. arrived到达；C. passed通过；D. finished完成。根据上文中的Some guests brought presents可知，他们想举办的聚会，这一天终于到来了。故选B。
384.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：一些邻居带了甜点来分享。A. order点餐，命令；B. sell卖；C. share分享；D. advertise做广告。根据语境，因为是参加聚会，所以一些邻居带了甜点来分享。故选C。
385.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：Mrs. Gilbert送给他的妈妈一本肖邦的音乐书。A. treated对待；B. presented赠送；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。Mrs.Gilbert送给了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，故选B。
386.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我担心你可能每天晚上都会这样弹奏。A. promised许诺；B. admitted承认；C. agreed同意；D. worried担心。根据下文中的You might play like this every night可知，这里应该是Mrs. Gilbert当时很担心每天晚上都会这么吵。故选D。
387.本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：我觉得我们应该欠你一个道歉。A. give给；B. send发送；C. offer提供；D. owe欠。owe sb sth意为“感激，欠某人……”，这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb.an apology意为“应该向某人道歉”。故选D。
388.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们弹得时候没有意识到这么晚了。A. realize意识到；B. remember记得；C. understand理解；D. accept接受。根据上下文内容可知，这里表示Dario的妈妈道歉说：“我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。”故选A。
389.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这些音乐不是大声的音乐。A. sweet甜蜜的；B. strange奇怪的；C. funny有趣的；D. loud大声的。根据上一句I like what you play!Just not so loud at night.可知，Mrs.Gilbert不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐（not such loud music）。故选D。
390.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们很开心在晚上弹奏。A. brave勇敢的；B. sorry抱歉；C. happy高兴的；D. afraid害怕。根据上文These songs are beautiful music可知，Dario的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以他们应该是很高兴在晚上弹奏。故选C。
391.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：他总是期待练习新的音乐。A. changing改变；B. practicing练习；C. recording记录；D. writing写。根据语境可知，因为是新音乐，所以Dario很期盼练习音乐。故选B。
392.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这使他充满温暖感。A. equality平等；B. freedom自由；C. warmth温暖；D. sympathy同情。根据下文中的made him feel that they were home at last可知，他们融入了新的生活，应该有温暖的感觉。故选C。
5.（2015年，天津卷）
My fiance (未婚夫）and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds (资金) were 393 , and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.
One agent (代理人) 394 a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was 395 our range, so we declined (拒绝). But she kept urging (催促) us to have a look 396 .
We finally did and it was 397 at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and 398 of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of 399 it would be like to live there.
Days later, we made a(n) 400 —far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn’t 401 us. They renewed their offer 402 . It was also much more than we could afford but far 403 than the original asking price.
The next day, we got a 404 message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the 405 directly. We made our final offer, which 406 was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer’s bid. We knew it, 407 we had to try.
“Sold!” said the owner. Then he 408 : He’d seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we’d 409 the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a 410 by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the 411 in the price as “an early wedding present.”
That’s how we found our home and how I learned that when people are 412 they are not strangers, only friends we haven’t yet met.
393.A.needed B.limited C.enough D.large
394.A.recommended (推荐) B.decorated C.sold D.rented
395.A.below B.within C.beyond D.between
396.A.at least B.at most C.at times D.at band
397.A.relief B.concern C.love D.curiosity
398.A.pride B.happiness C.challenge D.desire
399.A.which B.why C.that D.what
400.A.effort B.offer C.promise D.profit
401.A.come across B.look after C.depend on D.laugh at
402.A.instead B.indeed C.aside D.apart
403.A.worse B.better C.less D.higher
404.A.relaxing B.disappointing C.pleasant D.regular
405.A.agents B.buyers C.managers D.owners
406.A.already B.still C.generally D.ever
407.A.so B.or C.for D.but
408.A.apologized B.complained C.criticized D.explained
409.A.check B.analyze C.appreciate D.ignore
410.A.loss B.risk C.chance D.lead
411.A.increase B.difference C.interest D.average
412.A.kind B.polite C.smart D.energetic
【答案】BACAC BDBDA CBDBD DCABA
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲了作者和未婚夫看中了一套房子，但却买不起，所以就每天去看那套房子并憧憬着自己住进去将会是怎样的，房主因此被打动，虽然有一位出价更高的人想要买这套房子，房主还是把这套房子以更低的价格卖给了他们。
393.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们的资金有限，在我们的价格范围内，似乎没有一所房子令人满意。A. needed 需要的；B. limited 有限的；C. enough 足够的；D. large大的。由下文none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.可知，作者的资金有限，似乎没有一所房子令人满意。故选B。
394.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一房屋中介人员特别推荐了一所房子。A. recommended 推荐； B. decorated装饰；C. sold 卖；D. spun纺纱。根据常识可以判断出，房屋中介的人员肯定是推荐客户让他们买房子。故选A。
395.考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的描述听起来很棒，但价格超出了我们的预算范围，所以我们拒绝了。A. below在……下面；B. within 在……之内；C. beyond 超过……； D. between在……之间。由, so we declined (拒绝)可知，价格超出了作者预算范围。故选C。
396.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但是她一直催促我们至少去看一看。A. at least 至少；B. at most 最多；C. at times 有时；D. at hand在手边，即将来临。由下文We finally did可知，中介人员催促他们至少去看一看，所以作者最终去看了看。故选A。
397.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们终于去看了看房子，而且对它是一见钟情。A. relief 减轻；B. concern 担心；C. love 爱；D. curiosity好奇。由下文It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and ___6___ of the marriage within that home.可知，他们对房子一见钟情。故选C。
398.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在房间里走来走去，与一对慈爱的老夫妇交谈，我们感受到了这个家的温暖和幸福。A. poverty 贫穷； B. happiness快乐；C. challenge 挑战；D. desire愿望。由we felt the warmth可知，他们感觉到了这个家的温暖和幸福。故选B。
399.考查连接词辨析。句意：每天我们都会坐在湖边，看着那个房子，想象着如果在那居住会是什么样子的。A. which 哪一个； B. why 为什么；C. that 作连接词时无意义； D. what什么。of 后接宾语从句，what…be like：……是怎么样的。what作like的宾语。故选D。
400.考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我们给出了我们的报价。A. effort 努力；B. offer 提供；报价； C. promise诺言； D. profit利益。由下文We made our final offer可知，他们给出了报价。make an offer“出价”。故选B。
401.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：令人吃惊的是，他们并没有嘲笑我们。A. come across明白，理解；B. look after 照顾；C. depend on 依靠；D. laugh at嘲笑。由上文a nice elderly couple可知，作者和未婚夫出价很低，但是没有遭到嘲笑，可见这对夫妇是多么的善良。故选D。
402.考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有嘲笑我们，而他们重新提出了报价。A. instead 代替，反而；B. indeed 确实；C. aside在……一边； D. apart分开。由It was also much more than we could afford可知，他们没有嘲笑我们，而老夫妇重新提出了报价。故选A。
403.考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：他们再次给出的价钱虽然远超出我们的预算，但比最初的要价少多了。A. worse 更坏的；B. better更好的； C. less 更少的；D. higher更高的。由they renewed their offer ，the original asking price.可知，他们再次给出的价钱虽然远超作者的预算，但比最初的要价少多了。故选C。
404.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我们收到了一个令人失望的消息，说是另一个买主出了一个高得多的价钱。A. relaxing 令人放松的；B. disappointing 让人失望的；C. pleasant让人舒心的；D. regular有规律的。由another buyer had offered a much higher price.可知，他们 收到了一个令人失望的消息。故选B项。
405.考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，我们还是决定与房主直接谈谈。A. agents代理人；B. buyers买者；C. managers 经理； D. owners拥有者，主人。由下“Sold!” said the owner可知，是与房主谈谈。故选D。
406.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们给出了我们最后的报价，但仍然比另外一个买主的报价低了上千美元。A. already 已经；B. still 仍然；C. generally大体上；D. ever曾经；永远。由thousands of dollars less than the other buyer’s bid可知，作者和未婚夫给出的价格仍然比另外一个买主的报价低了上千美元。 故选B。
407.考查逻辑连接词辨析。句意：我们给出了我们最后的报价，但仍然比另外一个买主的报价低了上千美元。A. so 所以；B. or或者；C. for 为了；D. but但是。前后语意转折。故选D。
408.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他解释道:他看见我们一直坐在湖边;他知道我们有多喜欢这个地方，也知道我们会感激他们多年来为他们的家付出的努力;他意识到把它卖给我们会有损失，但这是值得的。A. apologized道歉； B. complained埋怨；C. blamed 责备；D. explained解释。由He’d seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we’d ___17___ the years of work they had put into their home这是老人解释的内容。故选D。
409.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他解释道:他看见我们一直坐在湖边;他知道我们有多喜欢这个地方，也知道我们会感激他们多年来为他们的家付出的心血;他意识到把它卖给我们会有损失，但这是值得的。A. check核查；B. analyze分析；C. appreciate 赞美，欣赏； D. ignore忽视。由he knew how much we loved the place可知，房主知道他们有多爱那个房子，知道他们很欣赏老夫妇为这个房子所付出的多年心血。故选C。
410.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他解释道:他看见我们一直坐在湖边;他知道我们有多喜欢这个地方，也知道我们会感激他们多年来为他们的家付出的努力;他意识到把它卖给我们会有损失，但这是值得的。A. loss 丢失，失去；B. risk 风险；C. chance机会； D. lead领导。作者和未婚夫以低的价格买下了房子，对于房主来说就是有损失的。故选A。
411.考查名词词义辨析。句意：房主告诉我们把价格上的差价当作新婚礼物送给我。A. increase增加；B. difference不同，差异；C. interest 兴趣；D. mistake错误。房主以低价将房子卖给了作者，这与最初的价格是存在差价的。故选B。
412.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是我们如何找到我们的家，我们知道，当人们心怀善良的时候，他们不是陌生人，只是朋友，只是我们还没有见过面而已。A. kind善良的；B. polite 有礼貌的；C. smart 聪明的；D. energetic有活力的。由they are not strangers, only friends we haven’t yet met.可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是赞扬房主的善良，所以这里应该是当人们心怀善良的时候，就不是陌生人了。故选A。
6.（2015年，陕西卷）
Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 413 and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was 414 to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such 415 . I would excitedly turn the tap 416 and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would 417 affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.
Two years later, Dad started his own 418 , which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to 419 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became 420 with him for placing our family in trouble. With 421 , an uncomfortable silence grew between us.
After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home 422 . As usual, helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me 423 my comb?” I looked at him a while, then 424 the comb and headed to the sink.
It hit me then: why, as a child, 425 Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine（习惯）meant Dad was home early to 426 the evening with Mum and me. It 427 a happy and loving family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and 428 placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something 429 . Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, 430 his smile was still as 431 as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good 432 for his family.
413.A.bag B.wallet C.comb D.brush
414.A.annoyed B.relieved C.ashamed D.pleased
415.A.joy B.sadness C.courage D.pain
416.A.out B.over C.in D.on
417.A.stare B.smile C.shout D.laugh
418.A.family B.business C.task D.journey
419.A.progress B.change C.improve D.form
420.A.satisfied B.delighted C.mad D.strict
421.A.time B.patience C.speed D.ease
422.A.occasionally B.early C.frequently D.rarely
423.A.sharpen B.repair C.clean D.keep
424.A.dropped B.took C.handed D.threw
425.A.watching B.letting C.helping D.hearing
426.A.find B.lose C.waste D.spend
427.A.affected B.broke C.meant D.supported
428.A.firmly B.hurriedly C.casually D.carefully
429.A.different B.exciting C.interesting D.urgent
430.A.for B.or C.so D.yet
431.A.convincing B.heartwarming C.cautious D.innocent
432.A.origin B.life C.reputation D.education
【答案】CDADB BBCAB CBCDC DADBB
【解析】本文是记叙文。作者小时候经常帮助父亲清洗他一直珍爱的梳子，后来父亲忙于事业，作者感觉父亲和家庭疏远了。但长大后一次帮父亲清洗梳子时，突然发现父亲老了，其实他一直很爱这个家，他所做的一切都是为了家人。
413.考查名词辨析。句意：每天晚上，父亲会把梳子(comb)交给她，让她去清洗。A. bag袋，包；B. wallet钱包；C. comb梳子；D. brush刷子。根据文章首句Dad had a green comb可知，此处指作者的父亲会把梳子(comb)交给她，让她去清洗这把梳子。故选C。
414.考查形容词辨析。句意：我很高兴（pleased）地去做这件事情。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. disappointed失望的；C. upset心烦的；D. pleased高兴的。根据上下文语境可知，作者是很高兴（pleased）地去做这件事情的。下文的"excitedly"和"...clean his comb was such a pleasure"也是暗示。故选D。
415.考查名词辨析。句意：这份乏味的工作给作者带来了快乐（joy）。A. joy快乐；B. sadness悲哀；C. courage勇气；D. pain疼痛。根据上下文语境可知，此处指这份乏味的工作给作者带来了快乐（joy）。故选A。
416.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会很高兴地打开水龙头仔细刷梳子。根据上下文语境可知，此处指的是作者打开水龙头。turn on“打开”，符合文意。故选D。
417.考查动词辨析。句意：父亲会亲切地对着“我”笑(smile)，然后把梳子放到他的钱包上。A. smile微笑；B. stare凝视，盯着看；C. shout大声说，喊叫；D. laugh笑，发出笑声。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示父亲会亲切地对着“我”笑(smile)，然后把梳子放到他的钱包上。B、C、D均不符合文意，故选A。
418.考查名词辨析。句意：两年之后父亲开创了自己的事业(business)。A. family家庭；B. task任务；C. business事业；D. journey旅行。根据下文的"Dad’s business"可知，两年之后父亲开创了自己的事业(business)，但是情况不太好。故选C。
419.考查动词辨析。句意：就是那时候，事情开始变化(change)了。A. progress进步；B. change变化；C. improve改善；D. form形成。根据后文的"Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to"以及"for placing our family in trouble"可知，就是那时候，事情开始变化(change)了。故选B。
420.考查形容词辨析。句意：我和母亲很生父亲的气，因为他把他们的家陷入到困境中。A. satisfied满意的；B. delighted高兴的；C. mad疯狂的；D. strict严格的。作者的母亲和作者很生父亲的气，因为他把家庭陷入到困境中。be mad with意思是“对……很生气”，符合句意。故选C。
421.考查名词辨析。句意：随着时间(time)的推移，我们之间慢慢产生了令人感到不舒服的沉默。A. time时间；B. patience耐心；C. speed速度；D. ease轻松。根据文意，随着时间(time)的推移，我们之间慢慢产生了令人感到不舒服的沉默。这暗示出家庭成员之间有了隔阂。故选A。
422.考查副词辨析。A. occasionally偶尔；B. early早早地；C. frequently频繁地；D. rarely很少。结合上下文语境可知，此处指由于父亲的事业慢慢步入了正轨，在作者28岁生日那天，父亲早早地(early)回了家。其他项均不符合文意。故选B。
423.考查动词辨析。A. sharpen磨快；B. repair修理；C. clean清洗；D. keep坚持。根据第一段中的"Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK"可知，此处指父亲让作者帮助他清洗(clean)一下梳子，上文也反复提到，故选C。
424.考查动词辨析。句意：我看了他一会，接过(took)那把梳子，然后向洗涤池那里走去。A. dropped掉；B. took接；C. handed递；D. threw扔。根据上下文语境可知，此处指作者接过(took)那把梳子，然后向洗涤池那里走去。故选B。
425.考查动词辨析。A. watching观看；B. letting让；C. helping帮助；D. hearing听见。根据上文的"Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK"可知，此处指帮助(helping)父亲清洗梳子。故选C。
426.考查动词辨析。句意：这个习惯意味着父亲早早地回到家里，与母亲和作者一起度过(spend)晚上的时间。A. find发现；B. lose丢失；C. waste浪费；D. spend度过。父亲早早地回到家里，与母亲和作者一起度过(spend)晚上的时间。故选D。
427.考查动词辨析。A. affected影响；B. broke打破；C. meant 意味着；D. supported支持。根据上文的"That routine(习惯) meant..."可知，此处指这意味着(meant)一个快乐的和充满爱的家庭。故选C。
428.考查副词辨析。A. nervously紧张地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. excitedly激动地；D. carefully小心地。父亲对作者笑了笑，小心地(carefully)把梳子放在他的钱包上。A、B、C均不符合文意。故选D。
429.考查形容词辨析。句意：但是这一次，作者注意到一些不同的(different)事情。A. different不同的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. interesting有趣的；D. bored烦人的。后文中的"Dad had aged. He had wrinkles..."也是暗示。故选A。
430.考查副词辨析。句意：父亲老了，微笑时眼角有了皱纹，但是他的微笑仍然像以前一样暖人心房。A. for为了；B. or或者；C. so因此；D. yet但是。根据空处上下文的语境可知，此处表示意思上的转折，要用yet"然而，但是"。故选D。
431.考查形容词辨析。A. patient耐心的；B. heartwarming暖人心房的；C. tired疲劳的；D. worried担心的。此处指父亲的微笑仍然像以前一样暖人心房。A、C、D均不符合文意。故选B。
432.考查名词辨析。A. belief信仰；B. life生活；C. style风格；D. education教育。父亲是一个想让自己的家人有好的生活(life)的人。故选B。
【2014年】
1.（2014年，山东卷）
Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family. While 433 her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an) 434 in medicine. At 18 she married and 435 a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 436 Her husband supported her decision.
437 , Canadian medical schools did not 438 women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 439 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to 440 her medical degree. Upon graduation, Charlotte 441 to Montreal and set up a private 442 . Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a 443 doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte 444 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 445 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had 446 a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 447 . The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 448 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 449 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appeared to the Manitoba Legislature to 450 a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte 451 to practice without a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her 452 , a medical license was issued to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”
433.A.raising B.teaching C.nursing D.missing
434.A.habit B.interest C.opinion D.voice
435.A.invented B.selected C.offered D.started
436.A.doctor B.musician C.lawyer D.physicist
437.A.Besides B.Unfortunately C.Otherwise D.Eventually
438.A.hire B.entertain C.trust D.accept
439.A.history B.physics C.medicine D.law
440.A.improve B.save C.design D.earn
441.A.returned B.escaped C.spread D.wandered
442.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab
443.A.busy B.wealthy C.greedy D.lucky
444.A.helped B.found C.troubled D.imagined
445.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak
446.A.put away B.taken over C.turned in D.applied for
447.A.punished B.refused C.blamed D.fired
448.A.display B.change C.preview D.complete
449.A.leave B.charge C.test D.cure
450.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show
451.A.continued B.promised C.pretended D.dreamed
452.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation
【答案】CBDAB DCDAC ABCDB DACAB
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。理想是人类奋斗的阶梯，文章讲述的是立志成为医生的Charlotte虽然经历了很多困难，但她仍然坚持自己的理想并为之努力奋斗的故事。
433.动词词义辨析。句意：在照顾生病的姐姐的这些年里，Charlotte发现自己对医学很感兴趣。动词raise意为“提高，养育”；teach意为“教导”；nurse意为“护理”；miss意为“思念；错过”。由后面的“her ill elder sister”可知，Charlotte多年护理自己体弱多病的姐姐。答案选C。
434.名词词义辨析。句意：在照顾生病的姐姐的这些年里，Charlotte发现自己对医学很感兴趣。名词habit意为“习惯”；interest意为“兴趣”；opinion意为“观点”；voice意为“声音”。由后文可知，Charlotte在结婚后到美国的医学院去学习医学，所以她应该是发现自己对医学感兴趣。答案选B。
435.动词词义辨析。句意：她18岁的时候结婚成家了。start a family意为“成家”。动词invent意为“发明”；select意为“挑选”；offer意为“提供”；start意为“开始”。 答案选D。
436.名词词义辨析。句意：几年后，夏洛特说她想成为一名医生，她的丈夫支持她的决定。名词doctor意为“医生”；musician意为“音乐家”；lawyer意为“律师”； physicist 意为“物理学家”。由后文可知，Charlotte在结婚后到美国的医学院去学习医学，后来她成为了一名医生，所以她想成为一名医生。答案选A。
437.副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，加拿大的医学院当时并不招收女学生。副词besides意为“此外”；unfortunately意为“不幸地是”；otherwise意为“否则”；eventually意为“最后，终于”。由“Canadian medical school did not…”可知，加拿大的医学校不招收女学生，所以此处用unfortunately。所以答案选B。
438.动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，加拿大的医学院当时并不招收女学生。动词hire意为“雇佣”；entertain意为“娱乐”；trust意为“信任”；accept意为“接受”。由下文的“…Charlotte went to the United States to…”可知，加拿大的学校不收女学生。所以答案选D。
439.名词词义辨析。句意：因此，Charlotte前往美国费城的女子医学院学习医学。名词history项意为“历史”；physics意为“物理”；medicine意为“医学”；law意为“法律”。根据前文可知，Charlotte是学医学，所以答案选C。
440.动词词义辨析。句意：她花了五年时间获得了医学学位。动词improve意为“提高”；save意为“救，节省”；design意为“设计”；earn意为“赚得，获得”。答案选D。
441.动词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，Charlotte回到蒙特利尔开办了一个私人诊所。动词return意为“返回”；escape意为“逃跑”；spread意为“传播，蔓延”；wander意为“徘徊，流浪”。由前文可知，Charlotte是离开加拿大去美国学习医学，五年之后应该是回到加拿大，故答案选returned意为“返回”。所以答案选A。
442.名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，Charlotte回到蒙特利尔开办了一个私人诊所。名词school意为“学校”；museum意为“博物馆”；clinic意为“诊所”；lab意为“实验室”。根据文章可知，Charlotte学习医学想成为一名医生，所以此处应是开办诊所。
443.形容词辨析。句意：在那里她又一次成为了一个忙碌的医生。形容词busy项意为“繁忙的，忙碌的”；wealthy意为“富有的”；greedy意为“贪婪的”；lucky意为“幸运的”。由下文的“Many of her patients…Charlotte …in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. ”可知，Charlotte要做的工作很多，是一个忙碌的医生。所以答案选A。
444.动词词义辨析。句意：夏洛特发现自己除了接生该地区所有的婴儿外，还要为受伤的四肢做手术，安置骨折的骨头。动词help意为“帮忙”；find意为“发现”；trouble意为“惹麻烦”；imagine意为“想象”。此处是find oneself doing的用法，意为“发现自己不知不觉在做某事”。根据语境可知，Charlotte发现自己在不知不觉中给受伤的四肢做手术，接好断了的骨骼，还有给这个地区所有的婴儿接生。所以答案选B。
445.形容词词义辨析。句意：夏洛特发现自己除了接生该地区所有的婴儿外，还要为受伤的四肢做手术，安置骨折的骨头。形容词harmful意为“有害的”；tired意为“疲惫的”；broken意为“坏掉的”；weak意为“虚弱的”。由前文的“…operating on damaged limbs ”可知，此处应是broken意为“破碎的，坏掉的”。所以答案选C。
446.动词短语辨析。句意：她曾在蒙特利尔和温尼伯两地申请医生执照，但都被拒绝了。短语put away意为“放好，抛弃”；take over意为“接管，接收”；turn in意为“上交”；apply for意为“申请”。由前一句可知，Charlotte没有执照，所以她要申请一个医生执照。D项符合句意。
447.动词词义辨析。句意：她曾在蒙特利尔和温尼伯两地申请医生执照，但都被拒绝了。动词punish意为“惩罚”；refuse意为“拒绝”；blame意为“责备”；fire意为“解雇，起火”。由下文的“…but they ,too, refused.”可知，Charlotte被拒绝了。所以答案选B。
448.动词辨析。句意：马尼托巴省的外科医生学院希望Charlotte在加拿大完成学业。动词display意为“展示，展览”；change意为“改变”；preview意为“预习”；complete意为“完成”。所以答案选D。
449.动词词义辨析。句意：Charlotte拒绝让她的病人花时间研究她已经知道的东西。动词leave意为“离开”；charge意为“掌管，充电，要价，控告”；test意为“测试，检测”；cure意为“治愈”。根据上下文可知，the Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons希望Charlotte在加拿大完成学业，但是Charlotte不愿离开她的的患者把时间花在自己已经知道的东西上面。所以答案选A。
450.动词词义辨析。句意：在1887年，她出现在马尼托巴省的立法机关要求颁发许可证给她，但他们也拒绝了。动词sell意为“卖”；donate意为“捐献”；issue意为“颁发，发给”；show意为“展示”。根据前文可知，Charlotte不愿离开她的的患者去完成学业，所以她要求the Manitoba Legislature 给她发一个证书。四个选项中只有issue符合句意，故答案选C。
451.动词词义辨析。句意：Charlotte没有医生执照，但她一直工作到1912年。动词continue意为“继续”；promise意为“许诺，承诺”；pretend意为“假装”；dream意为“梦想”。根据后面的until 1912可知，她一直在继续自己的工作。所以答案选A。
452.名词词义辨析。句意：1993年，在她去世77年后，Charlotte获得了行医执照。名词birth意为“出生”；death意为“死亡，去世”；wedding意为“婚礼”；graduation项意为“毕业”。有文章倒数第二段最后一句可知，Charlotte死于1916年，所以1993年是她去世77年后，所以此处用death。所以答案选B。
2.（2014年，辽宁卷）
It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor. We had 453 to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock. I felt a little uneasy, but to my 454 ，I had a good excuse: A business meeting had 455 and I'd wasted no time getting to the dinner.
When I arrived at the 456 ，1 apologized and told Eleanor I didn't mean to be late. She screamed, "You never mean to." Well, I 457 tell she was angry. "I'm sorry but it was not 458 ," I said. Then I told her about the business meeting. 459 , my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive 460 mad as well.
Several weeks later, when I 461 the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, "You 462 a classic mistake. You're stuck 463 your own way of thinking. You didn't 464 to be late. But that's not the point. What is 465 in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor." He pointed out that I focused on the intention 466 Eleanor focused on the result. Thus, 467 of us felt misunderstood and crazy.
Thinking more about Ken's words, I 468 recognized the root cause of such disagreement. It's the result of the action that really 469 I should have started the conversation by expressing 470 my actions affected Eleanor and 471 the discussions about my intention for later, much later and even never.
Later on, after talking to Eleanor and really 472 her experience of the results
of my lateness, I've managed to be on time a lot more frequently.
453.A.started B.agreed C.continued D.managed
454.A.relief B.surprise C.regret D.sorrow
455.A.broken out B.closed down C.faded away D.run over
456.A.house B.room C.restaurant D.supermarket
457.A.could B.must C.will D.might
458.A.movable B.comfortable C.acceptable D.avoidable
459.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Otherwise
460.A.her B.him C.me D.them
461.A.spread B.wrote C.translated D.described
462.A.knew B.made C.found D.took
463.A.in B.beyond C.for D.against
464.A.need B.prove C.pretend D.intend
465.A.funny B.important C.possible D.simple
466.A.while B.after C.until D.unless
467.A.all B.none C.both D.neither
468.A.usually B.merely C.hardly D.gradually
469.A.inspires B.matters C.improves D.challenges
470.A.how B.why C.when D.what
471.A.compared B.reported C.finished D.saved
472.A.showing B.satisfying C.understanding D.destroying
【答案】BADCA DACDB ADBAC DBADC
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和妻子约定一起吃饭，但是作者因为开会晚了，作者向妻子解释为什么迟到，妻子反而更生气，作者也感到要发疯了，后来作者和朋友谈到这件事，朋友的一番话让作者意识到重要的是作者应该体会迟到对妻子的影响，而不应该强调自己的意图，通过和妻子的沟通，作者更好的理解了妻子，以后尽量能够做到准时。
453.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经约定7点钟在餐馆见面。A. started开始；B. agreed同意；C. continued 继续；D. managed设法，管理。根据上文It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor.可知作者和妻子约定一起吃饭，所以他们是达成一致意见7点在饭店见面，agree to do一致同意做…，故选B。
454.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得有点不安,但令我感到庆幸的是的,我有一个好借口:一个商业会面超时了, 我没有浪费来吃饭的时间。A. relief缓解，宽慰；B. surprise惊讶；C. regret后悔，遗憾；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文的：I had a good excuse，可知作者感到有点宽慰的是他有个很好的借口，故选A。
455.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我觉得有点不安,但令我感到庆幸的是的,我有一个好借口:一个商业会面超时了,我没有浪费来吃饭的时间。A. broken out爆发；B. closed down关闭；C. faded away逐渐消退；D. run over遇上，超过。根据上文but to my ，I had a good excuse:可知，作者有个好借口，因为一个商业会议超时了，而作者没有浪费时间没有浪费吃饭的时间，故选D。
456.查名词词义辨析。句意：到达餐厅,我表示道歉并告诉埃莉诺我不想迟到。A. house房子；B. room房间；C. restaurant饭店；D. supermarket超市。根据上文的内容，We had to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock.可知作者和妻子约定在饭店一起吃饭，所以作者是到达饭店，故选C。
457.考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：唉,我能够感觉到她很生气。A. could能够；B. must必须；C. will将会，愿意；D. might可能。根据下文"I'm sorry but it was not ,"作者对妻子抱歉，所以他能够感觉出妻子是生气了，故选A。
458.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对不起,但这是不可以避免的,我说。A. movable可移动的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. avoidable可以避免的。根据下文Then I told her about the business meeting.作者告诉妻子关于这个商业会议的事情，认为迟到是不可避免的，故选D。
459.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而,我的解释似乎使事情变得更糟,这种情况使我开始抓狂。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover还有；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文的内容，my explanation seemed to make things worse可知，作者的解释让事情更糟，所以和前面的句子是转折关系，故选A。
460.考查代词词义辨析。句意：然而,我的解释似乎使事情变得更糟,这种情况使我开始抓狂。A. her她（宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词）；B. him他（宾格）；C. me我（宾格）；D. them他们（宾格）。根据上文，可知作者的迟到让妻子很生气，而且他的解释让事情更糟，这也使作者快要发疯了，因为用了as well，所以不是作者的妻子，而是需要代词指代作者本人，用me，故选C。
461.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后,当我勇敢地向我的朋友Ken Hardy描述这件事的情况。A. spread传播，蔓延；B. wrote写；C. translated翻译；D. described描述。几个星期后，作者将这件事描述给朋友Ken Hardy，故选D。
462.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他笑了,“你犯了一个典型的错误”。A. knew知道；B. made制作，使得；C. found发现；D. took拿走，带。这里使用了动词搭配，make a mistake，根据下文，You're stuck your own way of thinking.可知，作者犯了一个经典的错误，故选B。
463.考查介词词义辨析。句意：你被困在自己的思维方式里了。A. in在…里面；B. beyond超过；C. for为了；D. against反对。这里使用了固定搭配：be stuck in卡住，陷入。这里表示作者被自己的思维方式困住了，故选A。
464.考查动词词义辨析。句意：你并没有打算迟到。A. need需要；B. prove证明；C. pretend假装；D. intend打算。根据第二段的句子"You never mean to."可知，作者认为自己不是故意这么做的，所以用intend和mean意思相近，故选D。
465.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重要的在于你在沟通你迟到的原因时影响了埃莉诺。A. funny滑稽的，有趣的；B. important重要的；C. possible可能的；D. simple简单的。根据上句But that's not the point.那并不是重点，你们的谈话中重要的是你的迟到是怎么影响Eleanor的，故选B。
466.考查连词词义辨析。句意：他指出，我关注的是意图而埃莉诺专注于结果。A. while当…时候，然而，虽然；B. after在…之后；C. until直到；D. unless除非。他指出作者的重点是意图，而Eleanor的重点是结果，这两句话是表示转折关系，故选A。
467.考查代词词义辨析。句意：因此,我们都感到被误解和抓狂。A. all（三者以上）都；B. none（三者以上）都不；C. both（两者）都；D. neither（两者）都不。根据上文He pointed out that I focused on the intention Eleanor focused on the result.可知作者和妻子两个人理解的重点不一样，所以两个人都感觉被误解和抓狂，故选C。
468.考查副词词义辨析。句意：仔细思考肯说的话,我逐渐认识到这种分歧的根源。A. usually通常；B. merely仅仅；C. hardly几乎不；D. gradually逐渐地。由“Thinking more about Ken's words”可知，仔细思考是一个过程，所以逐渐认识到这种分歧的根源。故选D。
469.考查动词词义辨析。句意：行动的结果才是真正重要的。A. inspires激励；B. matters重要；C. improves提高；改善，D. challenges挑战。根据上文可知文章一再强调的两个人的重点，所以这里说的是行动的结果是真正重要的，matter和be important意思相同，故选B。
470.考查连接副词词义辨析。句意：我应该在谈话一开始就表明我的行为如何影响了埃莉诺，并应该省去解释自己迟到的目的或以后再说，或者永远不要说。A. how怎样；B. why为什么；C. when何时；D. what什么。根据上文可知是行动的结果更重要，所以作者本应该开始对话，表达自己的行为对妻子有怎样的影响，所以本句为how引导的宾语从句。故选A。
471.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该在谈话一开始就表明我的行为如何影响了埃莉诺，并应该省去解释自己迟到的目的或以后再说，或者永远不要说。A. compared比较；B. reported报告；C. finished完成；D. saved拯救，省去。根据上文I should have started the conversation by expressing my actions affected Eleanor可知作者本应该表达自己的行为对妻子有怎样的影响，所以应该省去解释自己迟到的目的或以后再说，或者永远不要说，故选D。
472.考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在和埃莉诺交谈并真正了解了她对我迟到的感受后，我努力做到了守时。A. showing展示；B. satisfying使…满意；C. understanding理解；D. destroying破坏。根据上文提到了misunderstood，可知作者通过和妻子的交谈真的理解了她对于作者迟到的结果的体验，故选C。
3.（2014年，江西卷）
"Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please? It's Friday, and we don't have any 473 . Can I, please?" Mum was sitting at the kitchen table. Dad was 474 next to her, resting his head on his arms. Mum could 475 that James wanted so badly to have his friend over.
"I'm so sorry, James," she said.
"I'm never allowed to have friends come to the house? Why, Mum?" James asked sadly, almost in 476 .
"I know it's 477 for you," Mum said softly. "But I'm just worried other people might think we're a little. . . strange. And then they would make fun of you. "
"No, they wouldn't, Mum," James protested. "We're not 478 at all. We're just ordinary people. "
Mum sighed heavily. "To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it's given me a heavy 479 . And your poor father — he doesn't feel 480 . He really needs a rest. "
"I can help, Mum!" James said. " 481 I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please?"
"Well. . . " Mum began.
"Great! Thanks, Mum!" James almost shouted. "Just sit there, don't move. " He rushed over to the kitchen drawer and 482 what he needed — two spanners(扳手). "Hang on, Mum," he said. "This won't take a second. " After some 483 , James was finished. With a smile of 484 on his face he said, "There! How does that feel?" "Oh, James," Mum said. "That's much better! How did you do it?"
"Easy," James said 485 . "Dad had tightened your neck bolts(螺栓) too much! I just 486 them slightly! I learned that in robotic science at school. "
"What about your father? Can you 487 him?" asked Mum.
"I'll try," James replied. He 488 up Dad's hair at the back of his neck, and plugged the electric wire into Dad's head. Then he turned the 489 on. Dad opened his eyes and 490 immediately. "He just let his 491 run too low, that's all," James said. "Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow?"
"I guess so," replied Mum. "Your friends will just have to 492 that we are a very unusual family. Thanks, son!"
473.A.chance B.message C.homework D.difficulty
474.A.asleep B.reading C.alone D.standing
475.A.explain B.see C.agree D.doubt
476.A.terror B.tears C.surprise D.silence
477.A.fair B.easy C.good D.hard
478.A.strange B.normal C.popular D.anxious
479.A.headache B.loss C.task D.day
480.A.ill B.funny C.sorry D.well
481.A.As B.If C.Since D.Before
482.A.kept B.controlled C.found D.returned
483.A.requests B.thoughts C.repairs D.instructions
484.A.sympathy B.satisfaction C.bitterness D.politeness
485.A.embarrassedly B.gratefully C.impatiently D.proudly
486.A.adjusted B.collected C.produced D.covered
487.A.greet B.accompany C.help D.ask
488.A.lifted B.caught C.gave D.filled
489.A.television B.power C.light D.gas
490.A.grew up B.lay down C.broke down D.sat up
491.A.food B.temperature C.battery D.blood
492.A.prove B.expect C.suspect D.accept
【答案】CABBD AADBC CBDAC ABDCD
【解析】詹姆斯恳求他妈妈让他的朋友Brett周六到他们家玩。妈妈说他们的家与别人的不同,爸妈是机器人并且身体都不好。为了能够获得妈妈的同意,詹姆斯运用在学校里学到的机器人知识对他的爸妈进行了“修理”。最终,詹姆斯得到了妈妈的同意。
473.C。考查名词。A机会；B信息；C家庭作业；D困难。根据It’s Friday ,and we don’t have any .Can I, please?今天是周五，我没有家庭作业，可以吗？求求你了。可知明天是周六不上课,没作业，所以选C。
474.A。考查动词。A入睡；B读；C独自；D忍受。由Dad was next to her, resting his head on his arms可知爸爸正在头枕在他的手臂上睡觉，所以爸爸正在睡觉，所以选A。
475.B。考查动词。A解释；B看；C同意；D怀疑。文中Mum could that James wanted so badly to have his friend over根据上文詹姆斯的Can I,please?的语气,妈妈可以“看出”詹姆斯很迫切想让他的朋友过来，所以选B。
476.B。考查名词。A害怕；B眼泪；C惊喜；D沉默。根据上文I’m so sorry,James妈妈拒绝了詹姆斯的请求,所以他很伤心,几乎都哭了，所以选B。
477.D。考查形容词。A公平的；B容易的；C好的；D艰难的。根据“I know it’s for you可知“这对你来说比较难”，所以选D。
478.A。考查形容词。A奇怪的；B正常的；C流行的；D焦急的。根据上文But I’m just worried other people might think we’re a little... strange.可知选A。
479.A。考查名词。A头痛；B失去；C任务；D天。根据my neck has been so painful that it’s given me a heavy 可知妈妈的脖子疼以至于引发了头疼，所以选A。
480.D。考查形容词。A生病的；B有趣的；C抱歉的；D好的。根据.And your poor father—he doesn’t feel .He really needs a rest.”你爸爸也不舒服，他真的需要休息了，由下文詹姆斯对他爸爸也进行了“修理”可知爸爸也感觉不舒服，所以选D。
481.A。考查介词。A如果；B因为；C自从；D之前。“I can help, Mum!”James said.“ I can make you and Dad feel better ,can Brett come over? Please?”如果“我”能让你和爸爸感觉好点,能让Brett来吗?可知选A。
482.C。考查动词。A保持；B控制；C找到；D回来。He rushed over to the kitchen drawer and what he needed—two spanners(扳手)可知他冲进了厨房找到了他需要的东西——两把扳手，所以选C。
483.C。考查名词。A需要；B想法；C修理；D说明。After some ,James was finished在一番修理以后，詹姆斯结束了，根据下文可知,詹姆斯对妈妈进行了“修理”，所以选C。
484.B。考查名词。A同情；B满意；C苦涩；D礼貌。 With a smile of on his face he said,“There! How does that feel?”干完了活,詹姆斯带有满意的表情，感觉怎么样？所以选B。
485.D。考查副词。A尴尬地；B感激地；C不耐心地；D骄傲地。由 “Oh, James,”Mum said.“That’s much better! How did you do it?”妈妈感觉好多了,对詹姆斯进行了夸奖,他当然感到很自豪，所以选D。
486.A。考查动词。A调节；B收集；C产生；D覆盖。Dad had tightened your neck bolts(螺栓)too much! I just them slightly !螺栓太紧了,我只是轻轻的调节了它们！所以选A。
487.C。考查动词。A打招呼；B合作；C帮；D要求。What about your father? Can you him?”你爸爸呢，能帮一下他吗？故选C。
488.B。考查动词。A抓住；B举起；C给；D填满。I’ll try,”James replied. He up Dad’s hair at the back of his neck詹姆斯掀起爸爸后脑勺的头发,把电线插入爸爸的脑中，lift up固定搭配，意思是举起拿起，所以选B。
489.B。考查名词。A电视；B电源；C灯；D气。Then he turned the on. Dad opened his eyes and immediately然后他把电线插入爸爸的脑中,立刻打开电源，选择B。
490.D。考查短语。A长大；B躺下；C倒下；D坐下。Dad opened his eyes and immediately.爸爸睁开眼睛，坐了起来，由前文可知，刚才爸爸在睡觉,现在他坐起来了，所以选D。
491.C。考查名词。A食物；B温度；C电池；D血液。He just let his run too low爸爸电池的电量太低了，所以选C。
492.D。考查动词。A证明；B期望；C怀疑；D接受。“Your friends will just have to that we are a very unusual family.你的朋友们要不得不接受我们这个不同寻常的家庭，因为詹姆斯一家是机器人，所以需要被接受，所以选D。
4.（2014年，湖南卷）
The summer before I went off to college, Mom stood me in her usual spot behind the ironing board (烫衣板)and said, “Pay attention: I’m going to teach you to iron.”
Mom clearly explained her 493 for this lesson. I was going to be 494 and needed to learn this vital skill. Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good 495 .
“Learn to iron a shirt,” Mom said, “and you can iron anything.”
But ironing shirts was not 496 work. It didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball，and it wasn’t a 497 operation like ice-skating. Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet, Moreover, an iron produced steam and it carried an element of 498 If you touched the wrong part of it, you’d get burnt. If you forgot to turn it off when you 499 ,you might bum down the house.
As for technique, Mom 500 me to begin with the flat spaces outward, always pushing the iron forward into wrinkled (有褶皱的）parts. Collars had to be done right. Mom said they were close to your face, where everyone would 501 them.
Over the years, I’ve learned to iron shirts skillfully, which gives me a sense of 502 Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something. 503 ,through ironing I’ve learned the method for solving even the most troublesome problems. “ 504 wrinkles one at a time,” as Mom might have said, “and before long everything will get ironed out.”
493.A.reasons B.rules C.emotions D.methods
494.A.helpful B.confident C.powerful D.independent
495.A.conclusion B.suggestion C.impression D.observation
496.A.useful B.easy C.special D.suitable
497.A.direct B.single C.smooth D.strange
498.A.doubt B.pressure C.surprise D.danger
499.A.went away B.fell down C.jumped off D.looked up
500.A.taught B.chose C.forced D.sent
501.A.touch B.design C.see D.admire
502.A.honesty B.freedom C.justice D.pride
503.A.Instead B.Besides C.Otherwise D.However
504.A.Make up B.Deal with C.Ask for D.Rely on
【答案】ADCBCDAACBBA
【解析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己在上大学前的暑假，母亲教会作者自己熨衣服的技巧。作者母亲认为作者将要独立并且需要学会这个至关重要的技能。通过熨衣服，作者也学会了解决生活中最棘手问题的方法。
493.考查名词词义及语境理解。A. reasons原因；B. rules规则；C. emotions情感；D. methods方法。reason for ……的原因。妈妈清楚地解释了这一课（指学会烫衣服）的原因。故选A
494.考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A. helpful有帮助的；B. confident自信的；C. powerful强有力的；D. independent独立的。这里指作者母亲认为作者将要独立并且需要学会这个至关重要的技能。故选D
495.考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. conclusion结论；B. suggestion 建议；C. impression印象；D. observation观察。这里考查短语make a good impression留下好印象。这里指正确的烫好的衣服将会帮助作者留下好的印象。故选C
496.考查形容词词义及上下文连串。A. useful有用的；B. easy容易的；C. special特别的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文的种种描述可以得知：烫衬衫不是一件很容易的工作。故选B
497.考查形容词词义辨析。A. direct直接的；B. single单身的；C. smooth光滑的，流畅的；D. strange奇怪的。就像溜冰那样，它（指烫衬衫）并非顺畅的操作。故选C
498.考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. doubt怀疑；B. pressure压力；C. surprise惊讶；D. danger危险。而且，熨斗产生蒸汽并带来危险。故选D
499.考查动词短语辨析。A. went away离开；B. fell down跌倒；C. jumped off跳下来；D. looked up查询。如果当你离开的时候你忘记把它关掉，你也许会把房子烧光。故选A
500.考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. taught教会；B. chose选择；C. forced强迫；D. sent送。关于技术，妈妈教我开始平面空间向外，一直将熨斗向前推到有褶皱的部分。故选A
501.考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. touch接触；B. design设计；C. see看到；D. admire羡慕。从语境可知，妈妈说它们靠近你的脸，那里每个人都能看到它们。故选C
502.考查名词词义辨析。A. honesty诚实；B. freedom自由；C. justice公正；D. pride自豪。a sense of pride自豪感。多年来，我已经熟练的学会了熨衬衫，这给我一种自豪感。故选D
503.考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. Instead反而；B. Besides除……之外；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。除此之外，通过熨衣服，我已经学会了解决最棘手问题的方法。故选B
504.考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。A. Make up组成、编造；B. Deal with处理。对付；C Ask for询问；D. Rely on依靠。 “一次处理皱的部分”，正如妈妈曾经说过，“不久之后一切都会解决”。故选B
5.（2014年，福建卷）
From my second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital(独奏演唱会). A recital _____I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I _____ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”. And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕) _________about build self-confidence and working toward a ________.

So it was with really great______that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and ______my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt ______rising to play the piano in his very first recital.
My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t _________lessons. He could have gone on regretting it, _______too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t ________there. When he retired three years ago, he _____ his church music director to take him as a student.
For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he ______stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the ______? I worried, remembering those split seconds______ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would _______. But then came the beautiful melody(旋律)，from the _____fingers that once baited(装饵于) my fishing lines. And I______he had been doing what music teachers always stress:___ _____the music and pretend the others aren’t there.
“I’m ________of him for starting something new at his age,” I said to my son Jeff.
“Yeah, and doing it so______,” Jeff added.
With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.
505.A.reflected B.explained C.meant D.proved
506.A.would B.could C.might D.should
507.A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something
508.A.goal B.stage C.journey D.chance
509.A.trouble B.satisfaction C.strength D.disappointment
510.A.kept B.sent C.watched D.felt
511.A.through B.from C.against D.before
512.A.miss B.afford C.select D.understand
513.A.as B.once C.if D.while
514.A.educated B.protected C.stuck D.spoilt
515.A.allowed B.invited C.inspired D.persuaded
516.A.roughly B.simply C.merrily D.curiously
517.A.words B.videos C.notes D.lessons
518.A.decades B.weeks C.hours D.moments
519.A.play B.freeze C.click D.adjust
520.A.same B.warm C.different D.dirty
521.A.predicted B.realized C.imagined D.insisted
522.A.pass over B.turn up C.bring in D.concentrate on
523.A.ashamed B.aware C.tired D.proud
524.A.casually B.anxiously C.nicely D.frequently
【答案】CADAB CDBAC DBCAB ABDDC
【解析】本文是记叙文。主要讲了作者本来很反感练琴，但是父亲的行为感动了自己。父亲一直渴望弹钢琴，但是由于家庭贫穷，没有学成琴，而68岁的他，并没有放弃自己的梦想，成功演奏出了美妙的乐曲，在他那个年龄，还能开始新的东西，我为此感到骄傲。作者认为他的实际行动比30多年以前说的话更有感染力。
505.考查动词辨析。 根据I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers.可知这里意思是独奏会意味着我必须练习一首无聊的乐曲。reflected 反射；explained 解释；meant意味着；proved证明。故选C。
506.考查时态。根据And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕) _________about build self-confidence and working toward a ________. 表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，用过去将来时。故选A。
507.考查代词 。根据下文about building self-confidence and working towards a可知父亲嘴里嘀咕了一些事情。nothing没有事情；everything每件事物；anything任何东西；something有些事情。故选D。
508.考查名词 。根据build self-confidence and working toward a ________.可知这里意思是建立自信，朝着一个目标努力。goal目标；stage舞台；journey旅行；chance机会。故选A。
509.考查名词 。根据下文我的父亲开始他的第一次独奏，所以这是很令人满意的。trouble麻烦；satisfaction满意；strength力量；disappointment失望。故选B。
510.考查动词 。根据my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt可知我是看到我的父亲直流汗。kept 保持；sent 送；watch看到；felt感觉。故选C。
511.考查连词。父亲是在第一次演奏之前，直流汗。through通过；from从……；against 反对；before在……之前。故选D。
512.考查动词 。根据My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor可知他的家庭很贫穷，付不起学费。miss错过；afford付得起；select选择；understand明白。故选B。
513.考查连词 。句意，他可以像我们大多数人一样去后悔。as像；once一旦；if如果；while然而。故选A。
514.考查动词 。根据But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t ________there.可知这里意思是尽管他生根于过去，却没有被粘在那里。educated 教育；protected保护；stuck粘贴；spoilt变质。故选C。
515.考查句型 ：他说服教堂音乐主管收他为学生。Persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事。allowed允许；invited邀请；inspired鼓舞；persuaded说服。故选D。
516.考查副词 ：根据Has he forgotten the ______?可知父亲坐在琴键前，仅仅向下盯着自己的手指。roughly粗略地；simply仅仅；merrily快乐地；curiously好奇地。故选B。
517.考查名词。根据I worried, remembering those split seconds______ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would _______.可知这里意思是他忘记音符了吗？words话；videos录像；notes音符；lessons功课。故选D。
518.考查名词 ：根据最后一句话作者认为他的行动比30多年以前说的话更有感染力。可知作者想起了自己十多年前，我的思想一片空白。decades十年；weeks几星期；hours几小时；moments片刻。故选A。
519.考查动词 ：头脑一片空白，手指就会像结冰一样。play演奏；freeze使结冰；click极成功；adjust调整。故选B。
520.考查形容词 ：但是，那个时候，传出了优美的旋律，来自于曾经装鱼线的相同的手。same相同的；warm温暖的；different不同的；dirty脏的。故选A。
521.考查动词 ：根据________the music and pretend the others aren’t there. 我意识到了他做了音乐老师总是强调的事情。predicted预测；realized意识到；imagined想象；insisted坚持。故选B。
522.考查短语 ：根据and pretend the others aren’t there.可知专注于音乐，假装其他人不存在。pass over 忽视；turn up 出现；bring in 带进来；concentrate on专心于。故选D。
523.考查短语 ：根据With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.可知在他那个年龄，还能开始新的东西，我为此感到骄傲。ashamed惭愧的；aware意识到；tired疲倦的；be proud of为……骄傲。故选D。
524.考查副词 ：根据But then came the beautiful melody(旋律)，from the _____fingers that once baited(装饵于) my fishing lines.可知完成的是那样漂亮。casually偶然地；anxiously担忧地；nicely漂亮地；frequently频繁地。故选C。
6.（2014年，福建卷）
After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced 525 for a few days, I was 526 to wait tables on my own. All went 527 that first week. When Saturday night came, I was luckily 528 the tables not far from the kitchen. 529 , I still felt a little hard to carry the heavy trays (托盘).
Before I knew it, the 530 was full of people. I moved slowly, 531 every step. I remember how 532 I was when I saw the tray stand (架子) near the tables. It looked different from the one I was 533 on. It had nice handles, which made it 534 to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to 535 I was a natural at this job.
Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved 536 you work. It seems your tray stand has been very 537 to you, but we are getting ready to 538 now, and my wife needs her 539 back.”
At first his 540 did not get across. “What was he talking about?” Then I got it. I had set my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker (助步器). I stood frozen as ice, but my face was 541 . I wanted to get into a hole and 542 .
Since then, I have learned from many mistakes such as the one I just 543 . I have learned to be more 544 and not to be too sure of myself.
525.A.waitress B.assistant C.cook D.manager
526.A.promised B.invited C.allowed D.advised
527.A.well B.quickly C.safely D.wrong
528.A.left B.shown C.brought D.given
529.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Finally
530.A.kitchen B.street C.restaurant D.table
531.A.changing B.minding C.taking D.saving
532.A.angry B.calm C.sad D.happy
533.A.fixed B.trained C.loaded D.waited
534.A.slower B.lighter C.quieter D.easier
535.A.believe B.agree C.regret D.pretend
536.A.letting B.making C.watching D.having
537.A.unusual B.familiar C.useful D.interesting
538.A.rest B.order C.eat D.leave
539.A.bag B.walker C.tray D.coat
540.A.message B.praise C.idea D.need
541.A.cold B.full of joy C.pale D.on fire
542.A.lie B.hide C.defend D.stay
543.A.repeated B.discovered C.corrected D.described
544.A.careful B.patient C.honest D.practical
【答案】ACADB CBDBD ACCDB ADBDA
【解析】本文是记叙文。作者生完第二个孩子之后找了一份在饭店当服务员的工作。跟着有经验的人学习了几天之后，作者开始负责给客人上菜和收拾餐桌。作者有一次把客人的助步器误当作了托盘架，这让她很尴尬，也让她对待工作更加认真，不自以为是。
525.考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：和一个有经验的女服务员工作了几天后，我被允许自己负责餐桌。A. waitress女服务员；B. assistant助手，店员；C. cook厨师；D. manager经理。根据第一句“I got a job at a restaurant”可知，作者是在一家饭店工作，所以和一位有经验的女服务员一起工作了几天之后，作者开始自己负责餐桌，故选A。
526.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：和一个有经验的女服务员工作了几天后，我被允许自己负责餐桌。A. promised承诺，答应；B. invited邀请；C. allowed允许；D. advised建议。和有经验的人一起工作了几天以后，作者被允许亲自负责餐桌，故选C。
527.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：第一周一切进展得都很好。A. well好；B. quickly迅速地；C. safely安全地；D. wrong错误地。第一周一切进展得很好，作者才有机会被分到离餐厅近的餐桌，故选A。
528.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：让我感到幸运的是，我被分到了离厨房不远的餐桌。A. left离开；B. shown展示；C. brought带来；D. given给。被分到了离厨房不远的餐桌让作者感到幸运，故选D。
529.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：然而，我仍然觉得端盘子有点困难。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Finally最终。根据上文可知，虽然负责的餐桌离厨房近了，但是，作者仍然觉得端盘子有点困难，故选B。
530.考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：饭店里坐满了吃饭的人，我只好小心翼翼地挪动。A. kitchen厨房；B. street街道；C. restaurant饭店；D. table餐桌。根据文章第一句I got a job at a restaurant.可知，作者在饭店上班，故选C。
531.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：饭店里坐满了吃饭的人，我只好小心翼翼地挪动。A. changing改变；B. minding照看，留心，介意；C. taking带走，花费；D. saving节省。根据上文full of people可知，饭店里坐满了吃饭的人，作者小心翼翼地来回挪动着，这里指注意脚下，故选B。
532.考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：作者看到托盘架时很开心，因为它跟其它的不同。A. angry生气的；B. calm冷静的；C. sad伤心的；D. happy开心的。根据下文I was pleased with everything.可知，作者看到托盘架时很开心，因为它跟其它的不同，故选D。
533.考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这种托盘架和培训时使用的不一样。A. fixed修理；B. trained训练；C. loaded装载；D. waited等待。这种托盘架和培训时使用的不一样，故选B。
534.考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这种托盘带有漂亮的手柄，使来回走动变得很容易。A. slower更慢的；B. lighter更轻的；C. quieter更安静的；D. easier更容易的。It had nice handles.可知，这种托盘带有漂亮的手柄，所以使来回走动变得很容易，故选D。
535.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我开始变得自信起来，认为自己适合做这份工作。A. believe相信，认为；B. agree同意；C. regret后悔，遗憾；D. pretend假装。根据下文I was pleased with everything可知，作者开心地认为自己适合做这份工作，所以对一切都很满意，故选A。
536.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我们喜欢看你工作的样子。A. letting让，使；B. making使，制作；C. watching观看，注视；D. having有。根据下文可知，两位老人是饭店的客人，他们喜欢看作者工作的样子，故选C。
537.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：托盘架似乎对你很有用。A. unusual不同寻常的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文可知，托盘架让作者的工作变得更容易，所以是有用的，故选C。
538.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：但是现在我们要离开了。A. rest休息；B. order命令，预订，点菜；C. eat吃；D. leave离开。根据and my wife needs her______ back.可知，两位老人要离开了，他们想要回他们的助步器，故选D。
539.考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：我的妻子需要拿回她的助步器。A. bag包；B. walker助步器；C. tray托盘；D. coat外套。根据下一段I had set my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker可知，作者误把顾客的助步器当成了托盘架，现在，老人要离开了，她需要她的助步器，故选B。
540.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我一开始没有理解老人说的话的意思。A. message信息，消息；B. praise表扬；C. idea想法；D. need需要。根据下句What was he talking about?可知，作者一开始没有理解老人说的话的意思，故选A。
541.考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我的脸火辣辣的。A. cold寒冷的；B. full of joy充满欢乐的；C. pale苍白的；D. on fire着火的。根据but表转折可知，理解了老人的话之后，意识到自己犯了错之后，作者的脸变得通红，故选D。
542.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我恨不得找个缝钻进去藏起来。A. lie躺，位于，说谎；B. hide躲藏；C. defend保护，保卫；D. stay保持，待在。作者恨不得找个缝钻进去，感到很尴尬，故选B。
543.考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：自从那之后，我从很多错误中学到了道理，例如在上文叙述的那个误把助步器当作托盘架的错误。A. repeated重复，复述；B. discovered发现；C. corrected改正；D. described描述，叙述，形容。这里指作者在上文叙述的误把助步器当作托盘架的那个错误，故选D。
544.考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：我学会了对待工作要更加认真，不能太自以为是的道理。A. careful小心的，细心的，认真的；B. patient有耐心的；C. honest真诚的；D. practical实用的，务实的。根据上文可知，作者从错误中是学会了对待工作要更加认真，不能太自以为是的道理，故选A。
【2013年】
1.（2013年，四川卷）
“Look,it’s Baldy!” A boy shouted in my direction across the playground. Even though I was used to regular insults (侮辱) because of the  545  on my head, it was  546  horrible to hear. I sighed as I headed back to the class.
When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious  547  after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head. I was  548  to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors  549  to save my life. “Holly’s very  550  to be alive,’”they told Mum and Dad. “But she’ll be  551  with scars on her head, and of course her hair won’t grow there. ”
As a child,I cared much about my scars,so I  552  wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home.  553  I didn’t,people would call me horrible names like Baldy. Although my friends were always comforting me, they never  554 understood how it felt.
Then through the hospital I was  555  to a children’s burns camp, where children like me can get any help. There, I  556  14-year-old Stephanie, whose burns are a lot more serious than mine. But she is so  557  that she never lets anyone put her down.“You shouldn’t  558  what people say about what you look like because we're not different from anyone else, Holly,” she  559  me. “And you don’t need to wear a scarf because you look great  560  it! ” For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who’d been through something  561  .So weeks later, at my 13th birthday party,  562  by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars. It felt amazing not having to  563  away behind my scarf.
Now,I am 564  of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized it is your personality(个性) that decides who you truly are.
545.A.hat B.scarf C.scars D.cuts
546.A.still B.just C.never D.seldom
547.A.hunger B.cold C.defeats D.burns
548.A.rushed B.led C.invited D.forced
549.A.learned B.fought C.returned D.decided
550.A.happy B.lucky C.lonely D.poor
551.A.pressed B.occupied C.left D.painted
552.A.possibly B.usually C.finally D.nearly
553.A.Although B.Since C.If D.Before
554.A.correctly B.roughly C.easily D.really
555.A.promoted B.introduced C.reported D.carried
556.A.met B.recognized C.remembered D.caught
557.A.honest B.strong C.active D.young
558.A.write down B.agree with C.pass on D.listen to
559.A.promised B.encouraged C.ordered D.calmed
560.A.in B.for C.without D.beyond
561.A.similar B.strange C.hard D.important
562.A.allowed B.required C.guided D.inspired
563.A.hide B.give C.keep D.put
564.A.sick B.aware C.tired D.proud
【答案】CADAB BCBCD BABDB CADAD
【解析】作者年幼时因一次事故，而导致头上留下伤疤，并且伤疤处没有头发而遭人侮辱。随着岁月流逝，作者明白了，一个人的个性决定了你是谁。
545.考查名词辨析。句意：即使我经常被侮辱，因为在我的头上有伤疤。A.hat帽子；B.scarf头巾；C.scars伤疤；D.cuts割伤，划伤。从第二段中第一行after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head得知男孩是被热油烫伤，所以头上应该是疤痕，故选C。
546.考查副词辨析。句意：听起来仍然很可怕。A.still仍然；B.just仅仅；C.never从不；D.seldom很少。根据even though引导的让步状语从句Even though I was used to regular insults（侮辱）because of the（1）on my head，it was （2）horrible to hear.可以看出作者仍然感觉听到那些外号很糟糕，故选A。
547.考查动词辨析。句意：当我只有几个月大的时候，一碗滚烫的油倒在我的头上，使我遭受了严重的烫伤。A.hunger饥饿；B.cold感冒，寒冷；C.defeat失败；D.burn烫伤。由空后的after a bowl of hot oil fell on my head可知作者遭受的是烫伤。故选D。
548.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我被紧急的送到医院。A.rush冲，急忙；B.lead带领；C.invite邀请；D.force强迫。be rushed to被紧急的送到；be led to被带到；be invited to被邀请；be forced to被迫。作者被烫伤后，当然是紧急的送到医院，故选A。
549.考查动词辨析。句意：我被紧急的送到医院，在医生救我的时候，我不得不在那里呆了几个星期。A.learn学习，学会；B.fight战斗，为……争取，努力；C.return归来，归还；.Ddecide决定，决心。根据上文可知，“我”烫伤很严重，医生努力挽救“我”的生命。故选B。
550.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：霍莉活着是很幸运的。A.happy高兴的；B.lucky幸运的；C.lonely孤独的；D.poor可怜的。根据句意，可知医生一定是告诉父母能活下来是很幸运了，故选B。
551.考查动词辨析。A.press按，压，逼迫；B.occupy占据，占领，使忙碌；C.leave离开，使保持某种状态；D.paint粉刷。由句意“但是她的头上将会留下疤痕……”可知作者能活下来很幸运，但“最终”会留下疤痕在头上。故选C。
552.考查副词辨析。A.possibly可能地；B.usually通常；C.finally最终；D.nearly几乎。由上文的“我非常在意那些伤疤”可知此处应选择usually表示“我通常戴一块围巾来遮挡这些伤疤”。故选B。
553.考查连词辨析。句意：如果我不戴围巾，人们会喊我一些可怕的名字，像如“秃头”。A.although虽然，尽管；B.since自从，由于；C.if如果；D.before在……以前。据下句people would call me horrible names like Baldy人们总是喊我像秃子这样难听的名字，所以前句应该是如果我不戴头巾即if引导条件状语从句，故选C。
554.考查副词辨析。句意：尽管我的朋友总是安慰我，但他们从未真正地理解那是怎样的感觉。A.correctly正确地；B.roughly大概地；C.easily容易地；D.really真正地。作者遭别人嗤笑，朋友总是安慰自己，但他们从来没有真正理解我的感受。故选D。
555.考查动词辨析。句意：通过医院，我被介绍加入了一次儿童烫伤野营。A.promoted提升；B.introduced介绍；C.reported报道；D.carried携带。根据Then through the hospital I was （11）to a children's burns camp，然后通过医院，我当然是被别人介绍去的烧伤儿童夏令营，故选B。
556.考查动词辨析。句意：在野营里，我遇到了14岁的斯蒂芬妮。A.met遇见；B.recognized认出；C.remembered记得；D.caught抓住。当然是我遇到了十四岁的斯蒂芬，故选A
557.考查形容词辨析。句意：她是如此的坚强。A.honest诚实的；B.strong强壮的，坚强的；C.active活跃的；D.young年轻的。据后句she never lets anyone put her down她从来不被被任何人打垮，所以前句是她那么的坚强，故选B。
558.考查动词短语辨析。句意：你不应该听别人怎么说你的长相，因为我们和其他人没什么不同，霍莉。A.write down写下；B.agree with同意；C.pass on传递；D.listen to听。根据后句because we're not different from anyone else因为我们跟别人没什么不同，所以本题是不要听别人说的话，故选D。
559.考查动词辨析。句意：她鼓励我说。根据题意即所说的话应该是鼓励，A.promised允诺；B.encouraged鼓励；C.ordered命令；D.calmed使冷静。因为作者与我们大家没有什么不同，Stephanie“鼓励”她“不配带”围巾，看起来很棒。故选B。
560.考查介词辨析。句意：你不需要戴围巾，因为你看起来很棒。A.在里面；B.为了；C.没有；D.超出。根据句意，可知斯蒂芬告诉作者，即使不戴头巾也很漂亮，注意句末的it指的是scarf头巾，所以不戴头巾即without，故选C。
561.考查形容词辨析。句意：这是我有生以来第一次能和一个相似的经历过痛苦的人说话。A.similar相似的；B.strange奇怪的；C.hard艰难的；D.important重要的。根据上下文，可知斯蒂芬妮和我的经历是相似的，我人生中第一次和我有着相似经历的人交流，故选A。
562.考查动词辨析。句意：所以几周后，在我13岁的生日聚会上，受到她的勇敢的激励，我放弃了围巾，展示了我的伤疤。A.allowed允许；B.required要求；C.guided指导；D.inspired激励。根据上下文，受Stephanie的“激励”，作者不再配带围巾，大胆露出自己的疤痕。不再“隐藏”自己的伤疤感觉令人惊奇。故选D。
563.考查动词辨析。句意：不用围巾隐藏我的伤疤的感觉太棒了。A.hide躲藏；B.give给；C.keep保持；D.put放置。根据上文，作者之前一直是用头巾掩盖伤疤，可知此处应选择hide。故选A。
564.考查形容词辨析。句意：现在，我为我的样子而骄傲，更快乐，因为我已经意识到这是你的个性决定你真正是谁。A.sick生病的；B.aware知道的，意识到的；.Ctired疲惫的，厌烦的；D.proud骄傲的。由下文的“因为我意识到是你的个性决定你是谁”，所以“我”为我的长相而自豪。be proud of“为……感到自豪”。故选D。
2.（2013年，山东卷）
I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people 565 I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a 566 person:
I think my 567 started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my 568 , and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever 569 to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really 570 . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n) 571 . I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 572 to help. That was really a big 573 for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of 574 are still my best friends today.
A bigger cause of my new 575 , however, came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer s disease became my 576 . Every time I came into her room, she was so 577 because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never 578 her, so I took her place. She let me 579 . That making others feel good make me feel good, too. When she died, I was 580 , but I was very grateful to her.
I think I am a much 581 , person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not 582 these experiences. They have 583 e to care about other people more than about myself. 584 who I am today, and I could not say that a few years ago.
565.A.since B.before C.or D.unless
566.A.famous B.simple C.different D.skilled
567.A.education B.career C.tour D.change
568.A.balance B.homework C.degree D.interest
569.A.talked B.wrote C.lied D.reported
570.A.careful B.lonely C.curious D.guilty
571.A.argument B.game C.experiment D.defence
572.A.dared B.offered C.hesitated D.happened
573.A.dream B.problem C.duty D.step
574.A.us B.which C.them D.whom
575.A.attitude B.hobby C.hope D.luck
576.A.friend B.partner C.guide D.guest
577.A.polite B.happy C.strange D.confident
578.A.bothered B.answered C.visited D.trusted
579.A.explain B.guess C.declare D.see
580.A.homeless B.heart broken C.bad-tempered D.hopeless
581.A.quieter B.busier C.better D.richer
582.A.forget B.face C.improve D.analyze
583.A.forced B.preferred C.ordered D.taught
584.A.miss B.like C.wonder D.expect
【答案】BCDCA BCBDC AABCD BCADB
【解析】作者讲述了自己从一个自私的人变成现在能为他人着想的人的感受和过程。上大学时一心只想着拿学位而拼搏，结果一个朋友都没有，感到很孤单。后来作者在Vista 护理之家，结识了一位改变了她、把她当作女儿的重病缠身的老妇人。老人告诉她：只有别人感到高兴自己才快乐。
565.B 考查连词辨析。A. since自从；B. before在……之前；C. or或者；D. unless除非。before在……之前，表示的含义是在考虑自己之前先考虑别人，对应前边的改变自我为中心。故选B。
566.C 考查形容词辨析。A. famous著名的；B. simple简单的；C. different不同的；D. skilled有技巧的。句意：做出改变，变成了不同于以前的人。故选C。
567.考查名词辨析。A. education教育；B. career事业；C. tour旅行；D. change变化。我想我是在帕洛玛学院的时候开始改变的。改变这个词贯穿全文。故选D。
568.考查名词辨析。A. balance平衡；B. homework家庭作业；C. degree级别；D. interest兴趣。上大学的目的，就是为了得学位，所以作者一开始，就只是为了拿学位。故选C。
569.考查动词辨析。A. talked谈论；B. wrote写；C. lied说谎；D. reported报道。talk to sb.和某人谈话，由上句I thought I was smarter than everyone else,可知，作者自恃清高，看不起别人，因而也不与人说话交流。故选A。
570.考查形容词辨析。A. careful细心的；B. lonely孤独的；curious好奇的；guilty犯罪的。孤独的，没有朋友，正好对应下文的It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.故选B。
571.考查名词辨析。A. argument争论；B. game运动；C. experiment实验；D. defense防御。对应下文开始做的事情。根据下文I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 8 to help.可知，作者这样做，是一个尝试。故选C。
572. 考查动词辨析。A. dared敢；B. offered提供；C. hesitated犹豫；D. happened发生。根据前一句if they were having trouble可推知，作者是愿意提供帮助的。offer to do sth表示主动提出做某件事情，更能体现出想改变的决心。故选B。
573.考查名词辨析。A. dream梦想；B. problem问题；C. duty责任；D. step台阶、步骤。表示一种进步。紧接着，对应下文的具体的进步之处。故选D。
574.考查代词辨析。A. us我们；B. which哪个；C. them他们；D. whom谁，who的宾格。这是一个由and连接的并列句，前后都是一个简单句，后半句中表达“其中有两人”，所以用two of them。故选C。
575.考查名词辨析。A. attitude态度；B. hobby爱好；C. hope希望；D. luck幸运。由首句可知，作者之前是个self-centered person，通过一次经历发生了变化并对比自己的今昔，所以可得出是attitude（态度）的变化。故选A。
576.考查名词词义辨析。A. friend朋友；B. partner伙伴；C. guide向导；D. guest客人。作者去敬老院做兼职，与老人之间成了朋友。故选A。
577.考查形容词词义辨析。A. polite礼貌；B. happy快乐；C. strange奇怪；D. confident自信。通过空格后面because she thought I was her daughter可推测出old lady是非常高兴的。故选B。
578.考查动词词义辨析。A. bothered打扰；B. answered回答；C. visited参观；D. trusted信任。通过文中信息得知old lady是一个病人，可知她真正的女儿从来都不看望她。故选C。
579.考查动词词义辨析。A. explain解释；B.guess猜测；C. declare宣称；D. see明白；理解。由后边句子making others feel good make me feel good, too可知，老人使作者明白了一个道理。故选D。
580.由句意可知，当她去世的时候，“我”非常伤心（heartbroken）。homeless 意为“无家可归的”，bad-tempered 意为“坏脾气的”，hopeless 意为“没有希望的”，均不符合语境。故正确答案为B。
581.结合上文可知，“我”以前是一个过于以自我为中心的人，现在“我”懂得了关心别人，因此比起以前，“我”觉得自己变得更好（better）了。quiet 意为“安静的”，busy 意为“繁忙的”，rich 意为“富裕的”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为C。
582.考查动词词义辨析。A. forget忘记；B. face面对；C. improve改进；D. analyze分析。作者通过这次的experience发生了好的变化，可推测作者想记住这次经历，所以选will not forget,其他均不符合语境。故选A。
583.考查动词词义辨析。A. forced强迫；B. preferred更喜欢；C. ordered命令；D. taught教。作者通过这次经历使自己变得更好，所以可推测这次经历“教会”了自己什么。故选D。
584.考查动词词义辨析。A. miss想念、错过；B. like喜欢；C. wonder想知道；D. expect期待。通过文章可推测出与之前比较作者更“喜欢”现在的自己，故选B。
3.（2013年，天津卷）
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses (老茧) and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a 585 , including all his struggles.
One summer, I remember, a drought (旱灾) hit Ontario, turning it into a 586 desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet com with my dad to fill the last 587 from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which 588 took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didn’t 589 quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we 590 needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated (挫败的) and 591 . Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, “If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves”. Dad 592 . “Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we’re 593 .” Such is Dad----whatever problem he 594 , he never gives up.
595 , the bad effects of the drought were felt all over our county. It was a challenging time for everyone, 596 Dad remained optimistic (乐观的). He 597 to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plates. Only then did I truly begin to 598 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.
Dad is also a living example of real 599 . From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to 600 our family. He always puts our happiness 601 his own and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games 602 his tiredness after long days. His loving and selfless nature has encouraged me to become more sympathetic (有同情心的) and 603 , putting others first.
Dad, the life 604 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero.
585.A.teacher B.gardener C.farmer D.grocer
586.A.stormy B.lively C.disappearing D.burning
587.A.order B.form C.room D.position
588.A.repeatedly B.normally C.finally D.really
589.A.go B.begin C.happen D.change
590.A.yet B.still C.even D.nearly
591.A.surprised B.nervous C.angry D.frightened
592.A.apologized B.cried C.complained D.laughed
593.A.lost B.done C.gone D.touched
594.A.meets with B.brings up C.works out D.thinks about
595.A.Thankfully B.Hopefully C.Unfortunately D.Strangely
596.A.or B.for C.so D.but
597.A.happened B.seemed C.continued D.looked
598.A.face B.appreciate C.examine D.question
599.A.love B.pride C.friendship D.honesty
600.A.support B.settle C.start D.impress
601.A.after B.before C.beside D.under
602.A.in spite of B.in support of C.in control of D.in place of
603.A.careful B.regretful C.considerate D.humorous
604.A.history B.stories C.patterns D.lessons
【答案】CDABA BCDBA CDCBA ABACD
【解析】文章以与父亲给商店送东西为线索，描述了记忆中跟爸爸在一起度过的时光和爸爸对待生活的乐观态度以及对子女的无私的奉献和爱。
585.考查名词辨析。A.teacher老师； B.gardener园艺者； C.farmer农民； D.grocer杂货商。 根据下文a drought（旱灾）hit Ontario以及sweet corn可以判断出作者的父亲是一位在田地里工作的农夫。故选C。
586. 考查形容词辨析。A.stormy暴风雨般的； B.lively生动的； C.disappearing消失的，不见的； D.burning烧灼的，灼烫的。 根据前文因为发生了大旱灾，那么用burning来修饰desert最合适不过了。故选D。
587. 考查名词辨析。A.order订单； B.form表格； C.gap间隔，分隔 ；D.position位置 。因为作者父亲本身是一位农民，要给蔬菜店送蔬菜，所以这里表达的意思是我们送的最后一单。故选A。
588. 考查副词辨析。A.repeatedly反复地，再三地； B.usually通常地； C.finally最终地 ；D.really确实地，此题需要结合后面一句话去做，后一句的意思是“然而这一次，这个过程进展不快”，说明前面的二十分钟是“通常情况”下所需要的时间，因此应该用副词usually。故选B。
589. 考查动词辨析。A.go去，进展； B.begin开始； C.occur出现； D.change改变。 根据上文however, the process didn’t...说明这次出现情况，所以整个过程进展的不太顺利。故选A。
590. 考查副词辨析。A.yet尚且； B.still仍然，还要； C.even甚至 ；D.nearly机会，差不多。 我们在经历了After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field之后，还要有20打的货物。故选B。
591. 考查形容词辨析。A.surprised惊讶的 ；B.nervous紧张的 ；C.angry生气的 ；D.frightened害怕的 。根据I was completely frustrated...可以推断出由于作者在室外干活干的太久了，产生疲劳感及厌烦心里，所以选择C项。
592. 考查动词辨析。A.apologize道歉； B.cry哭； C.complain抱怨； D.laugh笑。 作者的父亲看到自己的女儿不耐烦了，所以上前笑着安慰自己的孩子。故选D。
593. 考查形容词辨析。A.lost迷失的； B.done完成的； C.gone消失的； D.touched感动的。 作者的父亲安慰作者说“你看，我们俩各分十个就完成任务了。”be done是固定用法，意思是“结束，做完了”。故选B。
594. 考查动词短语辨析。A.meet with碰到，遭遇 ；B.bring up提出，养育； C.work out解决，做出，锻炼； D.think about考虑。 句意“这就是我的爸爸，无论遇到什么问题，他从不放弃。”故选A。
595. 考查副词辨析。A.thankfully谢天谢地； B.hopefully充满希望地； C.unfortunately不幸运地； D.strangely奇怪地。 因为作者所在的国家发生了灾难性的干旱情况，所以这个是不幸的。故选C。
596. 考查连词辨析。A.or或者； B.for因为； C.so因此； D.but但是 。后文Dad remained optimistic...而当时作者所在的国家经历着大旱灾，所以前后是转折关系。故选D。
597. 考查动词辨析。A.happen发现，遇到； B.seem看起来； C.continue继续； D.aim旨在。根据文章的主题可知，父亲对待生活持乐观态度，乐观的人会感激生活和所拥有的一切。上句Dad remained optimistic提示，在艰难的日子里，父亲“依然乐观”，“继续”感恩已有的东西，如健康和盘中食物。故选C。
598. 考查动词辨析。A.face面对 ；B.appreciate感激； C.examine检查； D.question质问。 作者此时也开始感激爸爸的人生观指导着作者的人生路。故选B。
599. 考查名词辨析。A.love爱 ；B.pride骄傲 ；C.friendship友谊 ；D.honesty诚实。 句意：爸爸真的是一个活生生的“真爱”的榜样。这句话是本段落的主题句，从下文可以看出，“父亲”对于家庭无私的奉献以及对子女无私的爱，所以选择love是最合适的。故选A。
600. 考查动词辨析。A.support支持； B.settle安置； C.start开始； D.impress给……留下印象 。父亲每天工作很长时间来“养家”，所以应该选择support。support one’s family维持一家人的生计。故选A。
601. 考查介词辨析。A.after在……之后 ；B.before在……之前； C.beside在……旁边； D.under在……之下。他总是把我们的幸福放在他自己的“前面”。故选B。
602. 考查短语辨析。A.in spite of尽管；B.in terms of...对……来说； C.in control of控制； D.in place of代替。尽管父亲做了一天的工作感到疲劳，但是他从来未停止对我在体育比赛上的鼓励。故选A。
603. 考查形容词辨析。A.careful仔细的； B.regretful后悔的 ；C.considerate体贴的； D.humorous幽默的 。首先要明确这个短语：putting others first为他人着想，他的爱和无私激励着我更加富有同情心和“更体谅人”，优先考虑别人。解题关键是“putting others first”，这其实就是对considerate的解释。故选C。
604.考查名词辨析。A.history历史 ；B.motto箴言； C.patterns模式； D.教训。句中的I have learned from you是一个定语从句，空处就是它所修饰的先行词，从句中的谓语动词learned缺少宾语，空处就是它的宾语，这样就是learn...from you，从四个选项中找一个词填到这个省略号中作宾语，lessons是最合适的，意思是“我从你那里学习到的生活上的一些经验教训”。故选D。
【2012年】
1.（2012年，浙江卷）
“Just sign here, sir,” the deliveryman said as he handed Oscar Reyna a package.
The package consisted of a long, narrow box 605 wrapped in brown paper. 606 the box, Oscar saw an umbrella inside — a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle. 607 he had not seen it in more than 20 years, he recognized it 608 .
Oscar was 16 when he first saw the 609 umbrella. He had gone to a concert with his grandparents. As they were leaving, he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat. Impressed by its 610 ， Oscar felt a strong desire to find its 611 .
Oscar 612 the manager to look in the record of advance ticket sales. Just as he thought, a name matched the seat 613 Oscar had found the umbrella. The name was Mrs. Katie O'Brien.
Oscar talked this grandparents into going by Mrs. O'Brien's 614 on their way home. He rang the bell, the door opened, and an elderly woman appeared. “May I 615 you？” she asked.
“I'd like to return it if it's yours，” Oscar said, 616 the umbrella as if presenting a 617 that had long been wished for.
“Why, yes! It's mine，” replied Mrs. O'Brien with a 618 smile and shining eyes. “It was given to me by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it. May I offer you a reward for your 619 ？”
“No, ma'am,” he said, “My grandmother says that a good deed is its own reward.”
“Well, that's 620 what my father used to say. What is your name, young man？”
Years later Oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remembered Mrs. O'Brien. It was in perfect condition, considering how 621 it was. Why had it arrived here today?
As if 622 ， a note fell from the paper. It read: Mrs. O'Brien wanted you to 623 this umbrella as a present for a kind, 624 gesture long ago.
605.A.strictly B.carefully C.roughly D.casually
606.A.Opening B.Seizing C.Observing D.Searching
607.A.After B.When C.Since D.Although
608.A.clearly B.fully C.immediately D.suddenly
609.A.average B.unusual C.plain D.typical
610.A.beauty B.shape C.origin D.history
611.A.designer B.seller C.user D.owner
612.A.convinced B.forced C.encouraged D.advised
613.A.until B.before C.which D.where
614.A.family B.theater C.house D.neighborhood
615.A.invite B.help C.bother D.know
616.A.putting up B.turning out C.picking up D.holding out
617.A.chance B.fact C.gift D.result
618.A.wide B.confident C.proud D.shy
619.A.patience B.kindness C.courage D.determination
620.A.obviously B.naturally C.exactly D.probably
621.A.old B.rare C.precious D.nice
622.A.in contrast B.in return C.in exchange D.in answer
623.A.possess B.accept C.carry D.value
624.A.attractive B.significant C.unselfish D.sympathetic
【答案】BADCB ADADC BDCAB CADBC
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个人拾金不昧，捡到别人的伞之后专程还给失主，很多年之后又收到的失主赠送伞的故事，启迪我们：善有善报这样一个朴实的真理和美德。
605.考查副词词义辨析。句意：包裹由一个又长又窄的盒子组成，小心翼翼地用牛皮纸包着。A. strictly 严格地；B. carefully仔细地；C. roughly粗略地；D. casually随意地。与“a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle.”相呼应，包裹被仔细地包装着。故选B。
606.考查动词词义辨析。句意：打开盒子，奥斯卡看到里面有一把伞。A. Opening打开；B. Seizing抓住；C. Observing观察；D. Searching搜寻。与之后“the box, Oscar saw an umbrella inside”相呼应，打开包裹的盒子。故选A。
607.考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他已经有20多年没见过它了，但他立刻就认出了它。After之后；B. When当……时候；C. Since自从；D. Although尽管。根据“had not seen it”和recognize”的对比关系，故选D。
608.考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他已经有20多年没见过它了，但他立刻就认出了它。A. clearly清楚地；B. fully完全地；C. immediately立刻；D. suddenly突然。前的“impressed by”相呼应，奥斯卡立刻认出。故选C。
609.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡16岁时第一次看到这把不同寻常的雨伞。A. average普通的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. plain平凡的；D. typical典型的。与前的“impressed by”相呼应，可知这边伞很是不寻常（unusual），故选B。
610.考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的美丽给奥斯卡留下了深刻的印象，它强烈地渴望找到它的主人。A. beauty美；B. shape形状；C. origin原来；D. history历史。与上文“a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle. ”和下句“Years later Oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella”相呼应，对伞的美印象深刻，故选A。
611.考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的美丽给奥斯卡留下了深刻的印象，它强烈地渴望找到它的主人。A. designer设计者；B. seller售货者；C. user使用者；D. owner主人。与前“"I'd like to return it if it's yours," ”相呼应，可知Oscar特别想找到伞的主人，故选D。
612.考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡说服经理查看预售票记录。A. convinced确信；B. forced强迫；C. encouraged鼓励；D. advised建议。Oscar使经理确信（convince）。故选A。
613.考查连词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，一个名字和奥斯卡找到伞的地方很相配。A. until直到；B. before 之前；C. which哪一个；D. where哪里。where引导定义从句，在从句中做地点状语，修饰先行词the seat. 故选D。
614.考查名词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡说服爷爷奶奶在回家的路上顺路去奥布赖恩太太家。A. family家庭；B. theater剧院；C. house房子；D. neighborhood另据。与下句“He rang the bell, the door opened,”相呼应，故选C。
615.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我能帮你吗?”她问。A. invite邀请；B. help帮助；C. bother打扰；D. know知道。故选B。
616.考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡说着，举起了伞，好像送出了一件盼望已久的礼物。A. putting up张贴；B. turning out结果是；证明是；C. picking up捡起、接人；D. holding out坚持。与之后的“as if presenting”相呼应，故选D。
617.考查名词词义辨析。句意：奥斯卡说着，举起了伞，好像送出了一件盼望已久的礼物。A. chance机会；B. fact事实；C. gift礼物；D. result结果。与之后的“that had long been wished for”相呼应，故选C。
618.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥勃良太太回答，脸上露出灿烂的微笑，眼睛闪闪发光。A. wide宽的；B. confident自信的；C. proud自豪的；D. shy害羞的。与“and shinning eyes”相呼应，故选A。
619.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以酬谢你的好意吗?A. patience耐心；B. kindness善意；C. courage勇气；D. determination决心。与20空前的“for a kind…”相呼应，故选B。
620.考查副词词义辨析。句意：嗯，这正是我父亲过去常说的话。A. obviously明显地；B. naturally自然地；C. exactly确切地；D. probably可能地。这也是（exactly，确切地）我父亲过去经常这样讲的。故选C。
621.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到它的年龄，它的状况是完美的。A. old老的；B. rare罕见的；C. precious先前的；D. nice美好的。根据前“an elderly woman”和17空前years later”提示，可知此处Oscar在纳闷这把伞究竟有多少年的历史，故选A。
622.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：好像作为交换，一张纸条从纸上掉了下来。A. in contrast对比；B. in return作为回报；C. in exchange作为交换；D. in answer回答。根据17空及之后的“Why had it arrived here today? ”这两个问题困扰着Oscar，好像是为了回答（in answer）这些疑问，故选D。
623.考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面写着：奥布赖恩夫人很久以前就希望你接受这把伞，作为一种友好、无私的表示。A. possess拥有；B. accept接受；C. carry携带；D. value珍视。Mrs. O’Brien想让你接受（accept，乐意接受）这把伞。故选B。
624.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上面写着：奥布赖恩夫人很久以前就希望你接受这把伞，作为一种友好、无私的表示。A. attractive吸引的；B. significant重要的；C. unselfish无私的；D. sympathetic同情的。与前“"I'd like to return it if it's yours," Oscar said, ”相呼应，可知多年前Oscar把伞物归原主是一种无私的行为，故选C。
2.（2012年，全国卷II）
Around twenty years ago I was living in York. 625 I had a lot of experience and a Master’s degree,I could not find 626 work.
I was 627 a school bus to make ends meet and 628 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had 629 five interviews(面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 630 the job. “Why has my life become so 631 ？”I thought painfully.
As I pulled the bus over to 632 a little girl, she handed me an earring 633 I should keep it 634 somebody claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.
At first I got angry. Then it 635 me—I had been giving all of my 636 to what was going wrong with my 637 rather than what was right！I decided then and there to make a 638 of fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided to 639 more things to the list.That night there was a phone call for 640 from a lady who was a director at a large 641 .She asked me if I would 642 a one­day lecture on stress(压力) management to 200 medical workers. I said yes.
My 643 there went very well, and before long I got a well­paid job.To this day I know it was because I changed my way of 644 that I completely changed my life.
625.A.As B.Though C.If D.When
626.A.successful B.extra C.satisfying D.convenient
627.A.driving B.repairing C.taking D.designing
628.A.working B.travelling C.discussing D.living
629.A.prepared for B.attended C.asked for D.held
630.A.lose B.like C.find D.get
631.A.hard B.busy C.serious D.short
632.A.wave at B.drop off C.call on D.look for
633.A.ordering B.promising C.saying D.showing
634.A.in case B.or else C.as if D.now that
635.A.hurt B.hit C.caught D.moved
636.A.feelings B.attention C.strength D.interests
637.A.opinions B.education C.experiences D.life
638.A.list B.book C.check D.copy
639.A.connect B.turn C.keep D.add
640.A.her B.a passenger C.me D.my friend
641.A.hospital B.factory C.restaurant D.hotel
642.A.listen to B.review C.give D.talk about
643.A.plan B.choice C.day D.tour
644.A.operation B.speaking C.employment D.thinking
【答案】BCADB DABCA BBDAD CACCD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文记叙了作者二十年前在纽约居住时找不到满意的工作，以驾驶校车为生，但一位小女孩让他保管的一个耳环上刻着的“BE HAPPY”字样让自己醒悟，他改变了对生活的看法，最终找到了理想的工作。本文告诉我们在生活中要快乐。
625.考查连词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：尽管我经历丰富，也有硕士学位，但我还是找不到令人满意的工作。As就像；Though尽管；If如果；When当……的时候。though表转折，故选B。
626.考查形容词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：尽管我经历丰富，也有硕士学位，但我还是找不到令人满意的工作。successful成功的；extra额外的；satisfying令人满意的；convenient方便的。结合上下文语境可知，此处是指作者找不到满意的工作。故选C。
627.考查动词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我靠开车来维持生计并且和朋友住在一起。driving驾车；repairing修理；taking拿；取；designing设计。根据下文a school bus to make ends meet可知，作者靠开车维持生计。故选A。
628.考查动词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我靠开车来维持生计并且和朋友住在一起。working工作；travelling旅游；discussing讨论；living和……住在一起。根据下一句的for I had lost my flat.可知，我和朋友一起住。故选D。
629.考查动词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我参加了五次面试。prepared for准备；attended参加；asked for询问；held举行。参加面试attend interview。故选B。
630.考查动词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：虽然我参加了五次面试，但他们给我打电话说没有得到那份工作。lose失去；like喜欢；find找到；发现；get得到。根据下文的“Why has my life become so ___7___？”I thought painfully.可知，作者没有得到那份工作。故选D。
631.考查形容词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我的生活为什么会变得如此艰辛。hard艰难的；busy繁忙的；serious严重的；short短的。根据上文作者多次面试都没有得到那份工作可知，作者感到生活艰辛。故选A。
632.考查动词短语辨析以及语境的理解。句意：停车是为了让小女孩下车。wave at挥手；drop off下车；call on呼吁；look for寻找。根据下文she handed me an earring ___9___ I should keep it ___10___ somebody claimed (认领) it.可知，停车是让女孩下车。故选B。
633.考查动词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：小女孩交给我一个耳环，说让我保管万一有人来认领。ordering命令；promising答应；saying说；showing展示。根据句意可知，此处是指女孩对我说。故选C。
634.考查短语辨析以及语境的理解。句意：小女孩交给我一个耳环，说让我保管万一有人来认领。in case万一；or else否则；as if好像；now that既然。让我保管是为了让人来领，结合选项。故选A。
635.考查动词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：这件事让我意识到，我太关注于我生活的不易，而没意识到什么是是非。hurt伤害；hit偶然发现；caught抓；赶上；moved移动。根据上文At first I got angry. 及下文语境可知，此处是指作者忽然感悟到故选B。
636.考查名词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我太关注我生活的不容易。feelings感觉；attention注意；strength力量；力气；interests兴趣。根据语境可知，作者关注生活的不易。故选B。
637.考查名词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我太关注我生活的不容易。opinions观点；education教育；experiences 经验；life生活。结合上文“Why has my life become so ___7___？”I thought painfully结合语境可知，作者关注的是生活中的不易。故选D。
638.考查名词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我决定列出我愿意做的50件事。list列举；book书；check检查；copy复印，抄袭。根据句意可知，是列清单。故选A。
639.考查动词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我决定在单子上加一些快乐的事情。connect连接；turn转向；keep保持；add加。根据上文I decided then and there to make a ___14___ of fifty things I was happy with可知，此处是我决定在单子上加一些快乐的事情。故选D。
640.考查代词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：当天晚上，我接到了一家大医院的领导给我打来的电话。her她的；a passenger乘客；me我；my friend我的朋友。根据下文She asked me if I would ___18___ a one­day lecture on stress(压力) management to 200 medical workers.可知，是给作者打电话。故选C。
641.考查形容词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：当天晚上，我接到了一家大医院的领导给我打来的电话。hospital医院；factory工厂；restaurant餐厅；hotel旅馆。根据下文的200 medical workers.可知，我接到了一家大医院的领导给我打来的电话。故选A。
642.考查形容词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：她问我是否能给200个医务人员作一天有关压力管理的讲座。listen to听；review复习；give给；talk about讨论。根据语境可知，打电话是想让作者给医务人员做讲座。故选C。
643.考查名词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：我那一天过得很快乐。plan计划；choice选择；day天；tour旅游。结合上文及下文的To this day I know it was because I changed my way of ___20___ that I completely changed my life.可知，此处是指那一天。故选C。
644.考查名词辨析以及语境的理解。句意：从那一天我知道是因为我考虑问题的方式改变而彻底改变了我的生活。operation操作；speaking说；employment雇佣；thinking想法，思考。根据上文作者专注于自己的不幸，到后来改变自己的思维从而改变了生活可知，此处用thinking。故选D。
3.（2012年，福建卷）
I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I’m left 645 . Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 646 ?
I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, 647 children from different races and religions played and studied 648 in harmony. At that time my family lived a stone’s 649 from Ismail’s. And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu—we just 650 our differences. Perhaps, our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice, well 651 or otherwise.
We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, we’d 652 the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to 653 the unexpected. At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his 654 .
When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismail’s family later returned to their village, and I 655 touch with him.
One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I 656 my destination. The driver acknowledged my 657 but did not move off. Instead, he looked 658 at me. “Raddar?” he said, using my childhood nickname(绰号). I was astonished at being so 659 addressed(称呼). Unexpectedly! It was Ismail! Even after two 660 we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something 661 to describe.
If we can allow our children to be 662 without prejudice, they’ll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be 663 their side through thick and thin. On such friendships are societies build and 664 we can truly be, as William Shakespeare once wrote, “we happy few, we band of brothers”.
645.A.interested B.pleased C.puzzled D.excited
646.A.parties B.cities C.villages D.races
647.A.why B.which C.how D.when
648.A.together B.around C.alone D.apart
649.A.drop B.throw C.move D.roll
650.A.refused B.made C.sought D.accepted
651.A.paid B.meant C.preserved D.treated
652.A.explore B.search C.discover D.desert
653.A.get through B.deal with C.come across D.take away
654.A.arrival B.choice C.effort D.company
655.A.lost B.gained C.developed D.missed
656.A.stated B.ordered C.decided D.chose
657.A.attempts B.instructions C.opinions D.arrangements
658.A.anxiously B.carelessly C.disappointedly D.fixedly
659.A.familiarly B.strangely C.fully D.coldly
660.A.departures B.months C.years D.decades
661.A.possible B.funny C.hard D.clear
662.A.them B.themselves C.us D.ourselves
663.A.from B.by C.with D.against
664.A.still B.otherwise C.then D.instead
【答案】CDDAB DBACD AABDA DCBBC
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章通过作者和儿时的伙伴虽然信奉的宗教不同但是彼此非常要好，分别多年后再次巧遇使双方激动不已。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：不要有既定的宗教、种族等成见，只是让人们自然的相处，就可以自然建立友谊。
645.考查形容词辨析。句意：我经常读到误会或冲突事件。我感到困惑。A. interested感兴趣的；B. pleased高兴的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文作者的疑问Why do these people create mistrust and problems可知，作者感到非常困惑，故选C。
646.考查名词辨析。句意：为什么这些人制造不信任和问题，特别是来自其他种族的人？A. parties政党；B. cities城市；C. villages村子；D. races种族。根据最后一段第一句中出现的without prejudice(没有种族歧视)和下文的regardless of race or religion(不管种族和宗教)，故选D。
647.考查定语从句。句意：在20世纪60年代早期我在吉隆坡长大，当时来自不同的种族和宗教的孩子们，一起和谐的玩耍和学习。本句是个定语从句，先行词是the early 1960s，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导这个定语从句。故选D。
648.考查上下文逻辑搭配。句意：当时来自不同的种族和宗教的孩子们，一起和谐的玩耍和学习。A. together一起；B. around周围；C. alone独自；D. apart分开。根据in harmony可知，那个时候我们来自不同种族的孩子们是一起（together）玩，一起学习，相处融洽。故选A。
649.考查固定短语辨析。句意：那时候，我家离Ismail家非常近。a stone’s throw一箭之遥，离得非常近。作者家与Ismail家应是非常近，后来成为了好朋友。故选B。
650.考查动词辨析以及上下文的逻辑关系。句意：我们只是接受了我们的差异。A. refused拒绝；B. made制造；C. sought寻求；D. accepted接受。differences指的是上文提到的Ismail是个穆斯林教，而作者是印度教徒，根据下文的解释可知，我们接受（accept）彼此的信奉的宗教不同。故选D。
651.考查上下文的逻辑关系。句意：也许，我们的长辈没有给我们灌输不必要的建议，所谓善意的或其他的东西。well meant意为“善意的”，是个固定短语，本句指的是我们的老人没有用那些不必要的建议或善意的建议还是其他的方面灌输进我们的大脑。故选B。
652.考查动词辨析。句意：在学校放假期间，我们骑自行车去乡村探险，希望能遇到意想不到的事情。A. explore探索；B. search搜寻；C. discover发现；D. desert抛弃，遗弃。选择explore（探索）来形容当时作者和他的伙伴童真无邪的心理，骑着自行车去“探索”未知的事物。故选A。
653.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在学校放假期间，我们骑自行车去乡村探险，希望能遇到意想不到的事情。A. get through接通电话，度过；B. deal with处理；C. come across偶然中遇到；D. take away带走。去乡下是去探险，所以当然是想遇到一些没遇到过的事情。故选C。
654.考查名词辨析。句意：我们乐意他的陪伴。A. arrival到达；B. choice选择；C. effort努力；D. company陪伴。根据上一句中的accompany可知，有他的陪伴作者感到很高兴。故选D。
655.考查动词辨析。句意：后来Ismail一家搬回来他们村，我就和他失去了联系。A. lost失去；B. gained获得；C. developed发展；D. missed错过。短语lose touch with sb与某人失去联系。根据下文Unexpectedly! It was Ismail!可推知，自从各自搬家后他们两个失去了（lost）联系。故选A。
656.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说了我的目的地。A. stated陈述；B. ordered命令；C. decided决定；D. chose选择。作者叫了一个出租车并说明（state）了我的目的地。故选A。
657.考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机接受了我的指示，但没有离开。A. attempts尝试；B. instructions指示，说明；C. opinions观点；D. arrangements安排。根据下文内容可知，这个司机确认了作者的指示说明，但没开动车。故选B。
658.考查副词词义辨析。句意：反而，他目不转睛的看着我。A. anxiously焦虑地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. disappointedly失望地；D. fixedly固定地；目不转睛地。由于是多年之后好朋友见面，Ismail应该是目不转睛地盯着我。故选D。
659.考查副词词义辨析。句意：司机喊出我的昵称，我觉得很惊讶。A. familiarly亲密地；B. strangely奇怪地；C. fully完全地；D. coldly冷淡地。根据上文的childhood nickname可知，是亲密的称呼，作者在异地听到有人叫他儿时熟悉的绰号感到非常震惊。故选A。
660.考查上下文逻辑关系。句意：20年后我们还能认出彼此。A. departures出发，离开；B. months月；C. years年；D. decades十年。根据本段第一句时间是in 1983和第二段第一句20世纪60年代可推知，事情过了20多年，选decade。故选D。
661.考查形容词辨析。句意：我抓住他的肩膀，我感觉到真正的情谊，很难用语言来形容。A. possible可能的；B. funny滑稽的，可笑的；C. hard困难的，艰难的；D. clear清晰的。根据语境和本句中的a true affection可知，当时作者难以（hard）形容这是一种什么样的感情。故选C。
662.考查代词。句意：如果我们允许孩子自然的、没有偏见的去对待别人。be oneself意为“真实的自我”，如果让孩子们毫无偏见地做真实的自我，那么他们之间就可以形成很好的友谊。。故选B。
663.考查固定短语。句意：他们将与无论什么种族或宗教的人建立友谊，他们将与他们同甘共苦。短语by one’s side through thick and thin，意为“和某人同甘共苦，共同支持”。如果孩子们之间有了真正的友谊，那么以后他们就能同甘共苦。故选B。
664.考查副词的辨析。句意：友谊是建立在这样的社会，那么我们真的可以像威廉·莎士比亚曾经写道的“即使敌众我寡，我们亲如兄弟”。A. still仍然；B. otherwise否则；C. then那么；D. instead反而。社会被建立在这样的友谊之上，那么（then）我们如莎士比亚所写的亚那样真正能为“一支兄弟的队伍”。故选C。
4.（2012年，福建卷）
My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at 665 . As for me, I 666 both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together is really 667 . It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and 668 Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the 669 lake. Dad hadn’t sailed for years, but everything 670 well with the tiller（舵柄）in his hands.
When we were in the middle of the lake, a 671 wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit 672 . Dad was always at his best in any 673 , but at this moment he 674 .
"John! 675 !" he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any 676 . He was the one I always 677 for strength and security. Before I could respond, a 678 of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller 679 it was too late. Another huge wall of water 680 the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely 681 of him.
I swam to Dad 682 and assisted him in climbing onto the hull（船壳）of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of 683 . "It's all right, Dad. We are safe now," I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start 684 for my father.
665.A.boating B.running C.swimming D.teaching
666.A.enjoyed B.desired C.hated D.learned
667.A.unforgivable B.unforgettable C.cheerful D.regretful
668.A.sent B.ordered C.invited D.allowed
669.A.calm B.icy C.stormy D.thundery
670.A.finished B.went C.seemed D.sounded
671.A.strong B.gentle C.cold D.hot
672.A.repeatedly B.lightly C.hardly D.violently
673.A.danger B.place C.sport D.job
674.A.suffered B.fell C.froze D.withdrew
675.A.look B.Help C.Run D.jump
676.A.problem B.relationship C.machine D.boat
677.A.turned to B.lived with C.argued with D.objected to
678.A.fountain B.stream C.shower D.wave
679.A.if B.for C.after D.but
680.A.got through B.poured into C.turned over D.lifted up
681.A.ashamed B.protective C.tired D.afraid
682.A.hopelessly B.quickly C.slowly D.helplessly
683.A.pain B.anger C.fear D.shame
684.A.making up B.getting ready C.paying off D.looking out
【答案】CDBCA BADAC BAADD CBBCD
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。在作者的记忆力爸爸无所不能。可是一次难忘的航行却让作者有了新的发现——原来父亲也需要别人的帮助！
665.考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸很擅长航海，但不擅长游泳。A. boating划船；B. running跑；C. swimming游泳；D. teaching教。根据后文I swam to Dad可以确定，父亲精通航海术，却不会游泳。故选C。
666.考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于我，因为我住在安大略湖附近，所以在12岁之前我就学会了这两门课。A. enjoyed享受；B. desired要求；C. hated恨；D. learned学习。根据下文，作者陪父亲一同去航海，而且还救了落水的父亲，可知作者在很小的时候就学会了(learned)航海和游泳。故选D。
667.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上次爸爸和我一起扬帆出海真是令人难忘。A. unforgivable不可原谅的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. regretful遗憾的。上次作者跟他父亲一起去航海，但却遇到了意外，作者好不容易才救起了落水的父亲，当然是十分难忘(unforgettable)。故选B。
668.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家邀请爸爸去航海。A. sent发送；B. ordered命令；C. invited邀请；D. allowed允许。下文叙述了作者跟其父亲一起去航海的经历。根据Dad hadn’t sailed for years,可知作者在大学毕业回家后，邀请(invited)父亲一同前往，去航海。故选C。
669.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很快就在平静的湖面上出发了。A. calm平静的；B. icy冷淡的；C. stormy暴风雨的；D. thundery打雷的。根据下文When we were in the middle of the lake, a ___ 7___ wind came all of a sudden.可知，作者他们到了湖心，突然起风。自然出发的时候应该是风平浪静(calm)，也才能够去航海。故选A。
670.考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸没有航行多年，但舵柄在他的手中一切都很顺利。A. finished完成；B. went变得；C. seemed看起来；D. sounded听起来。尽管父亲多年没有航海，但在父亲的掌控中，一切都进展顺利(go well)。故选B。
671.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们在湖中央时，突然刮来一阵大风。A. strong强壮的；B. gentle温柔地；C. cold冷的；D. hot热的。根据下文，他们的船随风颠簸，到处乱撞(violently)，而且父亲还被卷落水中，可知一定是狂风大作(strong)。故选A。
672.考查副词词义辨析。句意：船被猛烈地撞了一下。A. repeatedly重复地；B. lightly轻快地；C. hardly几乎不；D. violently猛烈地。参考上一题。故选D。
673.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态。A. danger危险；B. place地方；C. sport运动；D. job工作。想想当时，肯定他们是遇险了，在作者记忆中，父亲应该是能处理好一切的险情(danger)，但这一次，却害怕了。故选A。
674.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但此时他却愣住了。A. suffered遭受；B. fell跌倒；C. froze惊呆；吓呆；D. withdrew撤回。根据he shouted in a trembling voice，可知父亲是害怕了，手也不听使唤了，颤抖的声音在那向作者求救。但是此时此刻，作者的爸爸“吓呆”了，不知如何是好。此处freeze表示“惊呆；吓呆”。 故选C。
675.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“约翰!救命!”他手里还握着舵柄，用颤抖的声音喊道。A. look看；B. Help救命；C. Run跑；D. jump跳。根据本句中的“he shouted in a trembling voice”可知作者的爸爸很害怕，大喊“救命”。 故选B。
676.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的记忆中，他能解决任何问题。A. problem问题；B. relationship关系；C. machine机器；D. boat船。在作者的记忆中，爸爸可以解决任何“问题”。故选A。
677.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他是我寻求力量和安全感的人。A. turned to求教于；求助于；B. lived with与……生活在一起；C. argued with与……争论D. objected to反对，因为作者相信爸爸能够解决任何问题，所以总是向他寻求力量和庇护。故选A。
678.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及回答，一水浪打进了船里。A. fountain喷泉；B. stream溪流；C. shower淋浴；阵雨；D. wave浪。作者还没有来得及回答，一个水“浪”就打到了小船上。故选D。
679.考查连词词义辨析。句意：我冲向舵柄，但已经太迟了。A. if如果；B. for因为；C. after 之后；D. but但是。根据下文中的“We were thrown into the water…”可知尽管作者冲向舵柄，”但是“已经太迟了。故选D。
680.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一分钟后，另一堵巨大的水墙把船掀翻了。A. got through耗尽；顺利通过（考试等）；B. poured into倒入；C. turned over打翻；D. lifted up举起。下一句提到作者和爸爸被抛进了水中，由此可知巨大的水墙“”了小船。故选C。
681.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我强烈地想保护他。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. protective保护的；C. tired累的；D. afraid害怕的。上一句提到作者的爸爸在水中漫无目的地挣扎，下文讲到作者如何帮父亲摆脱险境，由此可知作者在那一刻强烈地感觉到要“保护”他。故选B。
682.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我游到爸爸迅速并协助他爬上船壳。A. hopelessly无望地；B. quickly快地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. helplessly无助地。作者“快速地”游到爸爸身边，帮他爬上了船壳。故选B。
683.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸坐在船壳上时，他对自己的恐惧感到有点尴尬。A. pain疼痛；B. anger生气；C. fear害怕；D. shame害羞。第四段提到作者的爸爸用颤抖的声音向作者求救，由此可知此时他为自己当时表现出来的“恐惧”感到尴尬。故选C。
684.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我发现轮到我去关照我的父亲了。A. making up组成；B. getting ready准备；C. paying off得到回报；D. looking out关照。更重要的是，作者发现轮到自己去“照看”父亲了。look out for sb.表示“关照”。 故选D。
5.（2012年，天津卷）
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a ___16___ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew ___17___ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since--- ___18___ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my ___19___.
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of ___20___, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s ___21___ me why visitors started respecting the place ___22___ and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried ___23___ trash(垃圾)myself, but the job was too big. I would ___24___an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ___25__ it that I decided something had to change.
As a rock-climbing guide, I knew ___26___about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ___27___. On that day, more than 300 people ___28___. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to ___29___. I couldn’t believe the ___30___ we made ---the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ___31___ 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people ___32___ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by ___33___ rather than complaining. We need to teach by ___34___. You can’t blame others ___35___ you start with yourself.
685.A.distant B.huge C.narrow D.loose
686.A.immediately B.finally C.gradually D.recently
687.A.imagining B.painting C.describing D.climbing
688.A.garden B.home C.lab D.palace
689.A.material B.resources C.waste D.goods
690.A.beyond B.against C.over D.within
691.A.more B.most C.less D.least
692.A.throwing away B.picking up C.breaking down D.digging out
693.A.kill B.save C.wait D.spend
694.A.satisfied with B.delighted in C.tired of D.used to
695.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
696.A.cleanup B.party C.picnic D.concert
697.A.dropped out B.showed up C.looked around D.called back
698.A.demand B.receive C.accomplish D.overcome
699.A.plan B.visit C.contact D.difference
700.A.crossed B.measured C.covered D.designed
701.A.talk B.complain C.argue D.quarrel
702.A.doing B.thinking C.questioning D.watching
703.A.method B.explanation C.example D.research
704.A.although B.if C.when D.useless
【答案】BADBC ACBDC DABCD CBACD
【解析】“我”把Yosemite National Park当作自己的家。当“我”看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己，后来组织大家捡垃圾。由此“我”明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。
685.从下文的that giant rock可知选B。
686.句意：我触摸到那块巨石时，立刻知道我想攀登它。immediately立即，马上。
687.根据上句中的climb以及空后的rocks and mountains可知。
688.根据下段最后一句中的such a beautiful home­like place可知。
689.根据like后面列举的内容可知。
690.句意：我不理解游客为什么不爱护这个地方……beyond超出。
691.根据上文游客在这样一个美丽的地方丢弃大量的垃圾可知选less。
692.根据上文，我看到游客丢垃圾很心痛，于是自己去捡起那些游客丢弃的垃圾。pick up 捡起；throw away扔掉；break down 出故障，抛锚；dig out 发掘，找到。
693.spend time on sth.花费时间做某事。故选D。
694.根据上文的 “…only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later”以及下文的 “…that I decided something had to change”可知作者厌倦了自己单独捡垃圾。
695.根据下一句 “But”后的内容可知，作者不知道如何组织大型活动。
696.根据下文“三百多人参加捡垃圾活动”以及下一段中的 “Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere”可知，此处填A。
697.根据下一句 “Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash”可知“那一天，三百多人参加了清扫垃圾的活动”，故选B(出席，到场)。
698.根据上一句 “Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash”可知选C(完成)。
699.根据破折号后的 “the park looked clean”可知，因为我们把公园里的垃圾捡完了，公园变得干净了，与以前不同了，故选D。
700.此句的意思是“2007年一年中，2945个人捡了42330磅垃圾，覆盖了132英里的路面。”
701.根据下文的“complaining”可知选B。
702.此句意思是“我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做，而不是抱怨”，故选A。
703.句意：我们需要榜样。故选C。
704.句意：你不能责备别人，除非以身作则。故选D。
6.（2012年，山东卷）
Whenever we hear about "the homeless", most of us think of the developing world. But the 705 is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 706 country like Germany?
Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 707 for the homeless of Berlin, Germany's capital. They first 708 one long hot summer when most Germans were 709 on holiday. Kurt Muller and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, 710 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.
The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren't 711 . “What these people also need is warmth and 712 , ” says Rita. The Mullers didn’t 713 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita 714 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 715 to anyone who couldn’t face another night on the street.
The couple were soon 716 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 717 donations. Today, over thirty companies 718 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 719 them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 720 new shoes.
Kurt and Rita receive no 721 for their hard work. “We feel like parents,” says Rita, “and parents shouldn’t 722 money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary. Though Rita admits she often gets 723 . She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 724 in the world.
705.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea
706.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy
707.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions
708.A.began B.met C.called D.left
709.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away
710.A.brought up B.set up C.put aside D.gave away
711.A.enough B.necessary C.helpful D.expensive
712.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring
713.A.hesitate B.agree C.pretend D.intend
714.A.made sense B.found out C.made sure D.worked out
715.A.open B.crowded C.noisy D.near
716.A.costing B.wasting C.taking D.spending
717.A.pay for B.ask for C.look into D.carry out
718.A.completely B.calmly C.regularly D.roughly
719.A.advertise B.sell C.deliver D.lend
720.A.donates B.produces C.designs D.collects
721.A.permission B.payment C.direction D.support
722.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.expect
723.A.surprised B.excited C.tired D.amused
724.A.profit B.difference C.decision D.rule
【答案】BDCAD BADAC ADBCC ABDCB
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一对有爱心的德国夫妇舍弃了外出度假的时光，为那些无家可归的人做饭，提供住宿。在花完自己的积蓄后他们还向公司求助，呼吁更多的人们去关注那些无家可归的人。他们希望在这个世界上可以多一份关爱，少一份痛苦。
705.考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：但现实就是无家可归的人到处都是。A. result结果; B. truth事实，真理； C. reason理由; D. idea主意。根据but可以判断后句内容和前句内容“每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想到发展中国家”是转折关系，前面说人们的想法，所以后面应该是事实，故选B。
706.考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. traditional传统的；B. developing发展中的；C. typical典型的；D. wealthy富裕的。根据空后like Germany判断前面是指像德国这样的典型的发达国家，故选D。
707.考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. preparations筹备；B. houses房子；C. meals餐，饭；D. suggestions建议。根据后文Kurt Muller and his wife stayed at home， made sandwiches可知他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了，故选C。
708.考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. began开始；B. met遇到；C. called打电话，叫；D. left离开。根据first可知此处指他们开始为这些无家可归人们做饭是在一个漫长而炎热的夏天，故选A。
709.考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：当大部分的德国人都离开去度假的时候 。A. asleep睡着的；B. alone单独的；C. across穿过；D. away离开，远去。他们是从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始，而在这个时候大多数德国人都外出度假了，选D。
710.考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. brought up提出，抚养；B. set up搭建，安装，布置，临时搭起；C. put aside放一边，储存；D. gave away无偿赠送，暴露。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分给那些无家可归的人，由此判断他们在街上布置好桌子，选B。
711.考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.enough足够的 ；B. necessary有必要的；C. helpful帮助的；D. expensive贵的。由后句中的what people also need…（人们还需要的是）可知，此处应该表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够”。故选A。
712.考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。 A. fame名望；B. freedom自由； C. courage勇气；D. caring关心.从and前面的warmth判断选A。句意：他们还需要温暖和关怀。故选D。
713.考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。 A. hesitate犹豫；B. agree同意； C. pretend假装； D. intend 打算，想要。穆勒夫妇倾尽所有去帮助这些无家可归的人们，由此判断他们是毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的人，并告诉他们随时给他打电话。故选A。
714.考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。 句意：Rita确保家里有人接电话。 A. made sense讲得通；B. found out弄清楚； C.made sure确保；D.worked out计算出。结合上文Muller一家总是愿意把电话号码给街上的人并告诉他们随时可以打电话，可知Rita要确保家里有接电话的人，故选C。
715.考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. open开放的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. noisy嘈杂的，吵闹的；D. near附近的。由上文可知他们一家随时在都会帮助那些无家可归的人们，所以此处是指她家对那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是随时敞开着的。be open to意为“对某人是敞开的；对……开放”，故选A。
716.考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。 A. costing 花费；B. wasting 浪费；C. taking 带走；D. spending 花费。.穆勒夫妇很快就要把他们的钱花光了。此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。waste不符合句意；cost主语不能是sb，常用句式是：（某物）花费（某人）钱数；take也可表示“花费”，但其主语一般是sth.或形式主语it，常用句式是：It takes sb sometime to do sth。spend花费，主语是人，常用句式是：Sb spends sometime /money on sth/(in)doing sth.。故选D。
717. 考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：于是Kurt参观了食物和服装公司来要求捐赠。A. pay for 付款 ；B. ask for 要求；请求； C. look into 调查； D. carry out实现。从上下文可知他们向一些服装厂和食品厂去请求捐助，选B。
718.考查副词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. completely 完全地，完整地；B. calmly镇定地，平静地；C. regularly经常性地，定期；D. roughly大约，粗暴地。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品，其他不符合语境，故选C。
719.考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。 A. advertise做广告；B. sell 卖出；C. deliver 发送、发表； D. lend借给。从语境可知志愿者们是来帮助他们向无家可归者分发这些食品物品，选C。
720.考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. donates捐赠；B. produces生产；C. designs设计；D. collects收集。根据语境判断除了公司捐赠以外，公众也给衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还捐赠新鞋，故选A。
721.考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. permission许可；B. payment报酬，付款；C. direction；方向D. support支持。根据后句中的“and parents shouldn't 53 money for helping their children.可知此处指穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到报酬，选B。
722.考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. borrow借；B. raise提高；C. save保存；D. expect期望。从语境可以判断他们感觉自己就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的。其他动词不符合句意，故选D。
723.考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A. surprised惊讶；B. excited兴奋；C. tired累的；D. amused逗乐。根据后面的主句内容可以判断尽管Rita承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继续这工作，故选C。
724.考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：她会继续工作下去，因为她喜欢能够在世界上发挥自己作用的感觉。 A. sell 卖出； B. difference 差异； C. decision决定； D. rule规则。此处指他们的所作所为给别人的生活带来了改变，make a difference“有影响，起作用”，选B。
7.（2012年，北京卷）
“Mama，when I grow up，I’m going to be one of those！” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three.It was the first time that my 725 took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training.As I grew older and was 726 to more，my interests in the world of dance 727 varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a 728 in the company never left me.In the summer of 2005 when I was 18，I received the phone call which made that dream a 729 ； I became a member of the company 730 back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now，it surely 731 any sense of reality.I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief 732 I was halfway through rehearsals(排练) on my first day.I never actually 733 to get the job.After being offered the position，I was completely 734 .I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change，it did not come without its fair share of 735 .Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week，I found it vital to 736 up the material fast with every last bit of concentration.It is that extreme 737 to detail(细节) and stress on practice that set us 738 .To then follow those high­energy rehearsals 739 a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day，I discovered a new 740 of the words “hard work”.What I thought were my physical 741 were pushed much further than I thought 742 .I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today，when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great 743 of being a part of，not only as a member，but as a dance captain，I see a 744 that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow—and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
725.A.hobby B.plan C.dream D.word
726.A.connected B.expanded C.exposed D.extended
727.A.rarely B.certainly C.probably D.consistently
728.A.director B.trainer C.leader D.dancer
729.A.symbol B.memory C.truth D.reality
730.A.bouncing B.dating C.turning D.tracking
731.A.lacks B.adds C.makes D.brings
732.A.while B.since C.until D.when
733.A.cared B.expected C.asked D.decided
734.A.motivated B.relaxed C.convinced D.astonished
735.A.challenges B.profits C.advantages D.adventures
736.A.put B.mix C.build D.pick
737.A.attention B.association C.attraction D.adaptation
738.A.apart B.aside C.off D.back
739.A.over B.by C.with D.beyond
740.A.function B.meaning C.expression D.usage
741.A.boundaries B.problems C.barriers D.efforts
742.A.necessary B.perfect C.proper D.possible
743.A.talent B.honor C.potential D.responsibility
744.A.victory B.trend C.tradition D.desire
【答案】CCCDD BACCD ADAAC BADBC
【解析】作者通过亲身经历告诉我们原本认为不可能的事通过努力也会成为可能，我们要挑战自己的极限，时刻鼓舞自己去实现梦想。
725.C 考查名词。A. hobby爱好；B. plan计划；C. dream 梦想；D. word话语。此处指我想当舞蹈家的梦想第一次具体化的表现出来，根据句意选C.
726.C考查动词。 A connected 连接；B. expanded 扩大；C. exposed显露，暴露；D. extended延伸。expose to“处于……影响”，此处指随着不断长大我受更多东西的影响。故选C.
727.B考查副词。A. rarely很少地；B. certainly当然；C. probably或许；D. consistently一致地。此处指我对舞蹈的兴趣当然改变了，有了不同的理解。故选B.
728.D考查名词。 A. director导演；B. trainer训练员；C. leader领导；D. dancer舞蹈家。此处指一个小女孩想成为舞蹈家的梦想一直没离开过我。与上文内容呼应故选D.
729.D考查名词。 A. symbol象征，符号；B. memory记忆；C. truth真理；D. reality现实。我接到了一个使我梦想变为现实的电话，根据下文可知进入了舞蹈团参加了舞蹈排练，故选D.
730.B考查动词。 A. bouncing弹跳；B. dating 约会，定日期；C. turning旋转；D. tracking跟踪。date back“追溯到，回溯到”，此处指首都舞蹈公司开始于1925年，故选B.
731.A考查动词。 A. lacks缺少；B. adds增加；C. makes制作；D. brings带来。我现在回想那时，确实缺失现实感。指总觉得不是真的，故选A.
732.C考查连词。A. while当……时；B. since因为，既然；C. until直到；D. when当……时。我一直处于一种兴奋的怀疑状态直到第一天排练了一半才感觉是真的。根据句意选C.
733.B考查动词。 A. Cared关心；B. Expected预期；C. Asked问；D. Decided决定。此处指事实上我并没有过多期望得到那份工作，根据句意选B.
734.D考查动词。A. motivated激发；B. relaxed放松；C. convinced使确信；D. astonished吃惊。因为没想到所以给了我这个机会后我完全震惊了，我兴奋地颤抖。根据情境选D.
735.A考查名词。A. challenges挑战；B. profits 收益；C. advantages优势；D. adventures冒险。虽然我很兴奋，但它也给我带来了公平分配的挑战。此处指我也有压力，故选A.
736.D考查动词。A. put放；B. mix混合；C. build 建造；D. pick 挑选。此处指快速挑选材料很重要。故选D.
737.A考查名词。A. attention注意；B. association协会，联盟；C. attraction 吸引；D. adaptation适应。句意：是对细节的特别注意和排练的压力使我们有了差距。要注重细节，故选A.
738.A考查形容词。A. set apart使分离，区别；B. set aside 留出，不顾；C. set off 出发；D. set back推迟。细节的特别注意和排练的压力使我们有了差距，是这重要的两点拉开了我们的距离，故选A.
739.C考查介词。A. over在……上；B. by通过；C. with和；D. beyond 超过。此处指高能的排练和一天五次紧张的表演，两者是并列关系，故选C.
740.B考查名词。A. function功能；B. meaning意义；C. expression表达；D. usage使用。通过紧张繁忙的排练我发现了hard work的意义，指有了更深的理解。故选B.
741.A考查名词。A. boundaries界限，极限；B. problems问题；C. barriers屏障；D. efforts努力。此处指我身体的极限比我原认为的可能被更深地推进，根据句意选A.
742.D考查形容词。A. necessary必要的；B. perfect完美的；C. proper适当的；D. possible可能的。我身体的极限比我原认为的可能被更深地推进，指原来认为不可能的事现在变成了现实，故选D.
743.B考查名词。A. talent 天资；B. honor荣誉；C. potential潜能；D. responsibility责任。此处指我作为舞蹈团队一员拥有的巨大荣誉，故选B.
744.C考查名词。A. victory胜利；B. trend 趋势；C. tradition 传统；D. Desire渴望。句意：我看到了鼓舞了不仅小女孩一代而且还有继续发展和成长的公司的那种传统，这种传统每天还鼓舞着有梦想的人们去追梦。根据句意选C.
8.（2012年，四川卷）
Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson’s bedroom skylight（天窗）.Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder 745 he knew what was happening. The storm had moved directly 746 his two-story wooden house. Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.
Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 747 ; he opened the door to the basement（地下室）, and flames 748 out. Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. “I felt 749 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway,” he explains.
But the phone didn’t work, and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway, he was 750 by a wall of flames. Sibson realized he was trapped（困住）.
Sibson’s house was three kilometers 751 the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be 752 .
Up a hill nearby lived Sibson’s neighbor, Huggons. He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 753 his ears. He jumped out of bed, took his 754 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 755 . That was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke.
Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 756 the house. But Huggons said, “There is no way I am going to listen to Sibson 757 and die in that fire.”
“Anyone there?” Huggons called out. Then he heard “Help! I’m trapped!” coming from the second floor balcony（阳台）. He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 758 .
After one more 759 inside the house, Huggons gave up and 760 around back.
The wind parted the smoke just 761 for him to catch sight of Sibson. But there was no way to get to him. He 762 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. He took it over to the balcony and 763 Sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.
Sibson is still 764 when he tells the story. “ I was alone that night,” he says. “Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons.”
745.A.before B.while C.since D.until
746.A.on B.in C.through D.over
747.A.hide B.wait C.check D.escape
748.A.moved B.gave C.went D.exploded
749.A.safe B.worried C.glad D.tired
750.A.burned B.stopped C.shocked D.covered
751.A.beside B.off C.across D.along
752.A.limited B.false C.fruitless D.regretful
753.A.struck B.missed C.touched D.passed
754.A.coat B.key C.basin D.phone
755.A.noise B.road C.smoke D.danger
756.A.search B.enter C.leave D.damage
757.A.call B.roll C.scream D.sigh
758.A.breath B.attention C.ladder D.flashlight
759.A.stay B.chance C.thought D.attempt
760.A.climbed B.circled C.looked D.jumped
761.A.clear B.open C.enough D.fit
762.A.led B.put C.drove D.shone
763.A.persuaded B.kicked C.pulled D.forced
764.A.nervous B.surprised C.proud D.thankful
【答案】ADCDA BBCAD ABCAD BCDCD
【解析】本文为记叙文，叙述了在一场雷雨引发房屋火灾之后，Sibson如何自救，以及他的邻居Huggons如何帮他脱离险境的惊心动魄的故事。
745.此句句意为：在Sibson还不知道发生什么事情的时候，便被一声雷鸣震醒。此处before表示“还来不及…就…”。
746.“暴风雨直袭他的两层木屋”，暴风雨应该是从房屋上方袭来，故用over。
747.根据后文“他打开通向地下室的门”可以判断Sibson冲下楼梯的目的是“查看一下”到底发生了什么事情。
748.他打开地下室的门，火焰从里面喷发出来。此处explode out意为break out（突然爆发）。
749.根据此句中“因为这个房间有一个通向屋外的独立的楼梯”，因此他当时感觉应该是“安全的”。
750.当他正想通过那个楼梯出去的时候，却被一堵火墙给阻拦（stop），故用B。
751.根据前面“three kilometres”及后文“so well hidden by trees”可知他的房子应该是离开主干道有3公里。故用介词off。
752.由于离开主干道3公里且被树所遮蔽，因此呼救是没有结果的（fruitless），故选C。
753.突然他听到了像烟雾警报器之类的声音。strike one’s ears“传进某人的耳朵；突然听到”。
754.根据后文Huggons拨打911可知，他是带上了他的电话。故选D。
755.Huggons应该是朝着他所听到的声音方向而去。故选A。
756.警察应该是警告Huggons不要进入Sibson的房子。故选enter。
757.Huggons说他不能听到Sibson的拼命叫喊。应使用scream。
758.Huggons进入房子，但由于烟雾很大，他很快不得不跑回来“喘口气”。此处catch one’s breath意为“喘口气”，故答案选A。
759.在又一次打算进入房子的尝试之后，Huggons最后还是放弃了，绕着圈子回来了。此处应使用attempt（尝试）。
760.由于烟雾很大，Huggons应该是摸索着绕着从房子里面出来的，故选B。
761.当风将烟雾吹得足够的分散，以致他能够看到Sibson。此处part表示将…分开，因此不能用open，因此答案选C。
762.他用电筒往丛林中照。此处shine the flashlight为固定说法，意为“用电筒照”。故选D。
763.Huggons将梯子搭在房子上，将Sibson从二楼拽下来。此时二楼房子就要倒了，为了形容动作之快，故用pull。
764.根据后文Sibson自己所说的话“我当天晚上是一个人。然后我听到了我生命中最美丽的声音，是Huggons。”可知，他对Huggons心存感激。故选D。
9.（2012年，陕西卷）
One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods _765__ she realized that she was lost.
Sitting on a rock and _766_ what to do, she began crying. After a while. She_767_ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. __768__ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and _769_ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the __770_. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a 771__.
The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy 772 that his mistrees（女主人）was in danger. He jumped _773__ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere. However, from the ground came a _774_ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He _775__ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking 776_ into the air, the dog _777_ through the woods until he found the __778_ . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his __779__ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He _780__ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was _781__.
When she opened her eyes and 782 her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you 783 me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of 784 . That night Laddy had a heror’s supper: a huge meal of steak
765.A.before B.since C.while D.as
766.A.wondering B.forgetting C.remembering D.regretting
767.A.preferred B.expected C.failed D.decided
768.A.When B.Until C.If D.Because
769.A.carelessly B.cautiously C.hopelessly D.unwillingly
770.A.trees B.bushes C.woods D.grasses
771.A.stream B.rock C.tree D.house
772.A.found B.sensed C.heard D.smelt
773.A.at B.through C.in D.onto
774.A.terrible B.strange C.pleasant D.familiar
775.A.missed B.discovered C.followed D.ignored
776.A.calmly B.loudly C.merrily D.gently
777.A.searched B.wandered C.looked D.travelled
778.A.window B.girl C.house D.hero
779.A.satisfaction B.disappointment C.embarrassment D.delight
780.A.jumped B.climbed C.walked D.flew
781.A.awake B.abandoned C.available D.asleep
782.A.spotted B.watched C.observed D.saw
783.A.disturbed B.comforted C.rescued D.scared
784.A.pain B.shock C.sorrow D.relief
【答案】AADAB CABBD CBACD ADDCD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个小女孩在树林迷路了，家中的狗感觉到她有危险并成功找到她的故事。
765.考查连词词义辨析。句意：她穿过一大片草地进入树林，才意识到自己迷路了。A. before（过了）…才；B. since 自从；C. while当……时候；D. as 因为。分析句意可知，本句为before引导的时间状语从句。表示穿过一大片草地进入树林，女孩才意识到自己迷路了。故选A项。
766.考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在一块石头上，不知道该怎么办，她哭了起来。A. wondering想知道；B. forgetting忘记；C. remembering记得；D. regretting后悔。由“she began crying.”可知，女孩哭了起来是因为不知道该怎么办。故选A项。
767.考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿。她决定沿着一条宽阔的小径走，小径两旁是高大的树木和茂密的灌木丛。A. preferred更喜欢；B. expected期望；C. failed失败；D. decided决定。由“After a while”可知，小女孩哭完之后决定沿着一条宽阔的小径走。故选D项。
768.考查连词词义辨析。句意：当天渐渐黑的时候，她看见了一座黑色的小木屋。A. When当……时候 ；B. Until直到；C. If 如果；D. Because因为。本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故选A项。
769.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她打开门，小心翼翼地走了进去。A. carelessly粗心地；B. cautiously小心翼翼地；C. hopelessly绝望地；D. unwillingly不愿意地。因为是第一次来到这么陌生的小屋内，所以是小心翼翼地。故选B项。
770.考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，她听到一个奇怪的声音，她跑出门，回到树林里。A. trees树；B. bushes灌木丛；C. woods树林；D. grasses草地。由下文“Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a __32__.”可知，小女孩回到了树林里。故选C项。
771.考查名词词义辨析。句意：又冷又累，在小溪边睡着了。A. stream小溪；B. rock石头；C. tree书；D. house房子。由下文“saw the little stream”可知，小女孩在小溪边睡着了。故选A项。
772.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laddy感觉到他的女主人有危险。A. found发现；B. sensed 感觉；C. heard；D. smelt。由下文“He jumped __34__ a window, breaking the glass.”可知，狗狗感觉到了女主人有危险。故选B项。
773.考查介词词义辨析。句意：他从窗户跳出，打碎了玻璃。A. at 在……；B. through通过 ；C. in在……里；D. onto到。由“breaking the glass”可知，狗狗破窗而出。故选B项。
774.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他低下头时。闻到了他熟悉的闻到。A. terrible 可怕的；B. strange奇怪的；C. pleasant令人高兴的；D. familiar熟悉的。由下文“He __36__ the scent and walked across the grassland.”可知，狗狗闻到了它熟悉的闻到。故选D项。
775.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他循着气味穿过草地。A. missed想念；B. discovered发现 ；C. followed跟随； D. ignored 忽略。由“walked across the grassland”可知，狗跟随着气味寻找女孩。故选C项。
776.考查副词词义辨析。句意：狗向空中大声吠叫，在树林里搜寻着，直到找到那所房子。A. calmly平静地；B. loudly大声地；C. merrily高兴地；D. gently温柔地。狗狗希望通过大声吠叫来让女孩发现自己。故选B项。
777.考查动词词义辨析。句意：狗狗向空中大声吠叫，在树林里搜寻着，直到找到那所房子。A. searched 搜索；B. wandered徘徊；C. looked看；D. travelled旅行。狗狗在搜寻女孩的下落，所以searched “搜索”符合句意。故选A项。
778.考查名词词义辨析。句意：狗狗向空中大声吠叫，在树林里搜寻着，直到找到那所房子。A. window窗户；B. girl女孩；C. house房子；D. hero英雄。由上文“dark wooden house”可知，狗狗找到了女孩曾经去的那所房子。故选C项。
779.考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他高兴的是，在远处他看到了他的女主人的蓝色衬衫。A. satisfaction满意；B. disappointment失望；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. delight高兴。由“he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance.”可知，到了女孩的蓝色衬衫，使狗狗很高兴。故选D项。
780.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跳过一些灌木丛，看到了那条小溪，女孩正在那里睡觉。 A. jumped跳；B. climbed爬； C. walked走；D. flew飞。根据常识可以判断出，狗需要跳过灌木丛。故选A项。
781.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他跳过一些灌木丛，看到了那条小溪，女孩正在那里睡觉。 A. awake醒来的；B. abandoned被遗弃的；C. available可利用的；D. asleep熟睡的。由上文“she fell asleep”可知，女孩正在小溪边睡觉。故选D项。
782.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她睁开眼睛看到她的狗站在她旁边时，女孩说：“你救了我，Laddy”。A. spotted 发现；B. watched看；C. observed观察；D. saw看见。由“When she opened her eyes”可知，女孩看到她的狗站在她旁边。故选D项。
783.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她睁开眼睛看到她的狗站在她旁边时，女孩说：“你救了我，Laddy”。A. disturbed打扰；B. comforted安慰；C. rescued 援救；D. scared使害怕。狗狗找到了女孩，它救了女孩。故选C项。
784.考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到女儿和狗狗回来了，父母如释重负，泪如雨下。A. pain疼痛； B. shock惊讶；C. sorrow悲痛；D. relief宽慰。由“Seeing their daughter and dog coming back”可知，看到女儿和狗回来了，父母如释重负，泪如雨下。故选D项。